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Zhang W, Zhao Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Wang X, Xu Z, Deng J. Comparison analysis of bioactive metabolites in soybean, pea, mung bean, and common beans: reveal the potential variations of their antioxidant property. Food Chem 2024; 457:140137. [PMID: 38908251 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This study showed the significantly differences of basic nutrients and metabolite compounds in nine types of beans involved in soybean, mung bean, pea, and common beans. The metabolomics results showed that serval metabolites such as histidine, proline, 3-alanine, and myricetin which could be used to identify different beans. The random forest model showed that amino acid and fatty acid could be used as special indexes to distinguish different types of beans in practice. The different expressed metabolites among different types of beans were involved in various pathways including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and purine metabolism. The antioxidant activity was significantly different among different types of beans, and the contents of amino acid, coumarin, and polyphenol contributed the antioxidant activities of beans. Together, these results will provide a comprehensive understanding of metabolites in different types of beans and theoretical guideline for the future application of beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhanquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- College of Food science and technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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El-Dessouki AM, Alzokaky AA, Raslan NA, Ibrahim S, Salama LA, Yousef EH. Piracetam mitigates nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin via the AMPK-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK/JNK/ERK signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112511. [PMID: 38909496 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cisplatin (CDDP) is commonly employed as an antineoplastic agent, but its use is significantly limited by the occurrence of dose-dependent nephrotoxicity, the detailed mechanisms of which remain unclear. This research is aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of Piracetam (PIR)'s protective effects on nephrotoxicity resulting from CDDP exposure and to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for these effects. MAIN METHODS PIR was given in dosages of 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight for a duration of 15 days; concurrently, on the last day, a single 10 mg/kg dose of CDDP was delivered via intraperitoneal injection. Forty-eight hours post-CDDP injection, the animals were sacrificed to assess nephrotoxicity. Blood samples and renal tissues were taken for biochemical and histopathological investigations. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), caspase-9 and nuclear factor kappa b p65 (NF-κB p65) were assessed by immunohistochemistry method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis was employed to determine cytochrome c (Cyt. c), Bcl-2-associated X-protein (BAX), caspase-3, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in renal tissue homogenates. The mRNA levels of tumor protein P53 (TP53), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, histopathological evaluations of the renal tissues and the binding affinity of PIR to AMPK by molecular docking were also performed. KEY FINDINGS Pre-treatment with PIR enhanced renal function markers such as urea and creatinine, mitigated histological damage, and diminished inflammatory cell presence in renal tubules. PIR demonstrated antioxidant effects by reestablishing the equilibrium between pro-oxidants and antioxidants such as MPO, HO-1, Nrf2, as well as SOD. Furthermore, PIR inhibited the inflammatory pathways through the MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Additionally, PIR counteracted the CDDP-induced decline in PI3K/Akt activity and hindered caspase-dependent apoptotic processes. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, PIR appears to be an effective therapeutic strategy for reducing CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms. Consequently, PIR may serve as a complementary treatment alongside CDDP to alleviate nephrotoxicity associated with CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M El-Dessouki
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 12566, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amany A Alzokaky
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Nahed A Raslan
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Ibrahim
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Ataka, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa A Salama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Eman H Yousef
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt.
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Bidirectional Effects of Mao Jian Green Tea and Its Flavonoid Glycosides on Gastrointestinal Motility. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040854. [PMID: 36832929 PMCID: PMC9956896 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mao Jian Tea (MJT) has been generally consumed as a digestive aid for more than a hundred years in the Shanxi province of China. However, determination of its efficacy still remains elusive. This study investigated the effect of Mao Jian Green Tea (MJGT) on gastrointestinal motility. The biphasic effects of the hydro extracts of MJGT on gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion of rats were identified in vivo; namely, the low (MJGT_L) and medium (MJGT_M) concentrations promoted gastrointestinal motility (p < 0.05), whereas the high concentration (MJGT_H) showed the opposite effect (p < 0.01). The expression levels of the gastric hormones, GAS, MTL and VIP (p < 0.05) were consistent with the gastrointestinal motility variation, with the exception of MTL in MJGT_H group (p > 0.01). Two flavonoids, eriodictyol (0.152 mg/mL) and luteolin (0.034 mg/mL), and the corresponding glycosides eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside (0.637 mg/mL) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside (0.216 mg/mL), dominated the hydro extracts identified by HPLC and UPLC-ESI-MS. These compounds can regulate the muscle strip contractions isolated from the gastrointestinal tissues. Additionally, the different concentrations also influenced the gut microbiota accordingly characterized by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The MJGT_L boosted several probiotic bacteria, such as Muribaculaceae (1.77-fold), Prevotellaceae (1.85-fold) and Lactobacillaceae (2.47-fold), and suppressed the pathogenic species such as Staphylococcaceae (0.03-fold) that, conversely, was enriched in the MJGT_H group (1.92-fold). Therefore, the biphasic effect indicated that the dosage of the herbal tea should not be overlooked.
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Martins-Gomes C, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Modulation of Cell Death Pathways for Cellular Protection and Anti-Tumoral Activity: The Role of Thymus spp. Extracts and Their Bioactive Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021691. [PMID: 36675206 PMCID: PMC9864824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products used for their health-promoting properties have accompanied the evolution of humanity. Nowadays, as an effort to scientifically validate the health-promoting effects described by traditional medicine, an ever-growing number of bioactivities are being described for natural products and the phytochemicals that constitute them. Among them, medicinal plants and more specifically the Thymus genus spp., arise as products already present in the diet and with high acceptance, that are a source of phytochemicals with high pharmacological value. Phenolic acids, flavonoid glycoside derivatives, and terpenoids from Thymus spp. have been described for their ability to modulate cell death and survival pathways, much-valued bioactivities in the pharmaceutical industry, that continually sought-after new formulations to prevent undesired cell death or to control cell proliferation. Among these, wound treatment, protection from endogenous/exogenous toxic molecules, or the induction of selective cell death, such as the search for new anti-tumoral agents, arise as main objectives. This review summarizes and discusses studies on Thymus spp., as well as on compounds present in their extracts, with regard to their health-promoting effects involving the modulation of cell death or survival signaling pathways. In addition, studies regarding the main bioactive molecules and their cellular molecular targets were also reviewed. Concerning cell survival and proliferation, Thymus spp. present themselves as an option for new formulations designed for wound healing and protection against chemicals-induced toxicity. However, Thymus spp. extracts and some of their compounds regulate cell death, presenting anti-tumoral activity. Therefore Thymus spp. is a rich source of compounds with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Lab, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, UTAD Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, UTAD Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Lab, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259-350-921
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Gao J, Wang Z, Chen D, Peng J, Xie D, Lin Z, Lin Z, Dai W. Metabolomic characterization of the chemical compositions of Dracocephalum rupestre Hance. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Deng T, Xu X, Fu J, Xu Y, Qu W, Pi J, Wang H. Application of ARE-reporter systems in drug discovery and safety assessment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116243. [PMID: 36115658 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The human body is continuously exposed to xenobiotics and internal or external oxidants. The health risk assessment of exogenous chemicals remains a complex and challenging issue. Alternative toxicological test methods have become an essential strategy for health risk assessment. As a core regulator of constitutive and inducible expression of antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent genes, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Consistent with the properties of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response, Nrf2-ARE activity is a direct indicator of oxidative stress and thus has been used to identify and characterize oxidative stressors and redox modulators. To screen and distinguish chemicals or environmental insults that affect the cellular antioxidant activity and/or induce oxidative stress, various in vitro cell models expressing distinct ARE reporters with high-throughput and high-content properties have been developed. These ARE-reporter systems are currently widely applied in drug discovery and safety assessment. In the present review, we provide an overview of the basic structures and applications of various ARE-reporter systems employed for discovering Nrf2-ARE modulators and characterizing oxidative stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Deng
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaoge Xu
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Huihui Wang
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Laka K, Mbita Z. P53-Related Anticancer Activities of Drimia calcarata Bulb Extracts Against Lung Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:876213. [PMID: 35769912 PMCID: PMC9235921 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.876213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current lung cancer treatment strategies are ineffective, and lung cancer cases continue to soar; thus, novel anticancer drugs and targets are needed, and medicinal plants are promising to offer better alternatives. This study was aimed at analysing two p53 splice variants during the potential anticancer activities of Drimia calcarata (Dc) methanol and water extracts against different human lung cancer cell lines of varying p53 mutation status, and these included mutant H1573 and mutant H1437 and p53-wild type (A549) cells. The anticancer activities of the Dc extracts were assessed by establishing the cytotoxic effect and the apoptosis-inducing capacity of these extracts, using the MTT assay and Annexin V analysis, respectively, with the latter confirmed using fluorescence microscopy. The molecular mechanisms induced by these extracts were further evaluated using cell cycle analysis and RT-PCR. Both extracts demonstrated safety against noncancerous lung MRC-5 fibroblasts and exhibited significant anticancer potency (p < 0.001) against the H1437 (IC50 values: 62.50 μg/ml methanol extract and 125 μg/ml WE), H1573 (IC50 value: 125 μg/ml for both extracts) and A549 (IC50 value: 500 μg/ml ME). The water extract had no effect on the viability of A549 cells. Treated H1437 cells underwent p53-dependent apoptosis and S-phase cell cycle arrest while H1573 treated cells underwent p53-independed apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through upregulation of p21 mRNA expression levels. The expression levels of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B genes increased significantly (p < 0.001) following the treatment of H1573 cells with ME and WE. Treatment of H1437 cells with ME upregulated the STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B mRNAs. Our results indicate that the proliferative inhibitory effect of D. calcarata extracts on A549 and H1573 cells is correlated with the suppression of Bcl-2, STAT3 and STAT5B while that is not the case in H1437 cells. Thus, our results suggest that the dysregulation of anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B in H1437 may play a role in cancer cell survival, which may consequently contribute to the development of p53-mutated non-small human lung cancer. Our results indicate that D. calcarata is a promising source of anticancer agents for the treatment of p53-mutant human non-small lung cancer cells than the p53-wild type human non-small lung cancer cells.
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Phytochemicals targeting Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) in inflammatory bowel disease. Chin Med 2022; 17:53. [PMID: 35484567 PMCID: PMC9047385 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a collective term for inflammatory diseases including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Inhibition of TLR4 has been recognized as an effective target for the treatment of IBD. Many phytochemicals have been shown to have potential as new drugs for the treatment of IBD. This review surveyed the available literature and reports which focused on the in vivo effects of phytochemicals targeting TLR4 in different models of IBD, and clarified the significance of TLR4 as a current therapeutic target for IBD. Based on our review, we have concluded that phytochemicals targeting TLR4 are potentially effective candidates for developing new therapeutic drugs against IBD.
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Singh C, Upadhyay R, Tiwari KN. Comparative analysis of the seasonal influence on polyphenolic content, antioxidant capacity, identification of bioactive constituents and hepatoprotective biomarkers by in silico docking analysis in Premna integrifolia L. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:223-249. [PMID: 35221581 PMCID: PMC8847619 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the effect of different seasons on polyphenol content and antioxidant potential of ethanolic, methanolic, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts of leaves, stems, and roots of Premna integrifolia. Ethyl acetate extract of leaves (EAEPI) collected in the rainy season showed potent antioxidant activity with highest total phenol (74.33 ± 2.26 µg/mg, gallic acid equivalent), and flavonoid (98.83 ± 0.26 µg/mg, rutin equivalent) content. Therefore, EAEPI extract was subjected to characterization by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and GC-MS analysis for the identification of active constituents. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis in + ve ion mode revealed the presence of eight polyphenolic compounds namely quercetin-3-D-xyloside, kaempferol-3,7-O-bis-alpha-L-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-Oglucoside, luteolin-3',7-di-O-glucoside, eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside, syringetin-3-O-galactoside, petunidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside and vitexin-2″-O-rhamnoside. GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of 26 compounds with six major compounds viz; citronellol, phytol acetate, campesterol, squalene, stigmasterol, and hexadecanoic acid. These compounds are reported for the first time from P. integrifolia except phytol and stigmasterol. Our previous study validates the hepatoprotective potential of P. integrifolia but there was no idea about the bioactive compound responsible for the activity. So, in present work, the major compounds identified in spectrometry analysis were subjected to in silico docking against an important liver enzyme alanine amino transaminase to confirm its hepatoprotective properties. Docking analysis validates the presence of two hepatoprotective lead compounds stigmasterol, and campesterol, which satisfy the drug-likeness criteria with good absorption, distribution, metabolism, and toxicity properties. Thus, present work gives a clear insight about the influence of season on the total polyphenolic constituent in different plant parts of P. integrifolia, their antioxidant potential and preclinical evaluation of hepatoprotective lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekhar Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
| | - Richa Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Mihir Bhoj Postgraduate College, G.B. Nagar, Dadri, Uttar Pradesh 203207 India
| | - Kavindra Nath Tiwari
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005 India
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Hu LH, Liu JY, Yin JB. Eriodictyol attenuates TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis through repressing TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway in rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:812-818. [PMID: 34042266 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease characterized by mucosal and submucosal inflammation, which has a low cure rate and is prone to relapse, due to the immune imbalance of the body. Inhibition of inflammation-related pathways can delay the progression of UC. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway is considered to be one of the important signaling pathways involved in colon inflammation. Eriodictyol (EDT) is a natural flavonoid widely distributed in foodborne plants. EDT plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation and related signaling pathways. However, whether EDT plays a role in UC remains unknown. Herein, we established a TNBS induced animal model of enteritis in Wistar rats. Our data confirmed the establishment of TNBS induced animal model of enteritis and the administration Eriodictyol in Wistar rats. EDT treatment alleviated TNBS-induced intestinal tissue injury in rats. We further found that EDT reduced MPO expression and regulated the cytokine parameters in TNBS-induced intestinal tissues of rats. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-2, and IL-12 were also affected by the treatment of EDT. EDT also affected SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and MDA level in rats with colitis. Moreover, EDT regulated TNBS-induced TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation, therefore inhibiting the progression of UC. Our results suggest that EDT could be a potential therapeutic agent for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing-Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ji-Bin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Laka K, Mapheto K, Mbita Z. Selective in vitro cytotoxicity effect of Drimia calcarata bulb extracts against p53 mutant HT-29 and p53 wild-type Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells through STAT5B regulation. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1265-1279. [PMID: 34195018 PMCID: PMC8233163 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of oncological-related deaths and the third most diagnosed malignancy, worldwide. The emergence of chemoresistance is a fundamental drawback of colorectal cancer therapies and there is an urgent need for novel plant-derived therapeutics. In this regard, other compounds are needed to improve the efficacy of treatment against colorectal cancer. Medicinal plants have been effectively used by traditional doctors for decades to treat various ailments with little to no side effects. Drimia calcarata (D. calcarata) is one of the plants used by Pedi people in South Africa to treat a plethora of ailments. However, the anticancer therapeutic use of D. calcarata is less understood. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the potential anticancer activities of D. calcarata extracts against human colorectal cancer cells. The phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity were analysed using LC-MS, DPPH, and FRAP. The inhibitory effects and IC50 values of D. calcarata extracts were determined using the MTT assay. Induction of cellular apoptosis was assessed using fluorescence microscopy, the Muse® Cell Analyser, and gene expression analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Water extract (WE) demonstrated high phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents than the methanol extract (ME). LC-MS data demonstrated strong differences between the ME and WE. Moreover, WE showed the best antioxidant activity than ME. The MTT data showed that both ME and WE had no significant activity against human embryonic kidney Hek 293 cell line that served as non-cancer control cells. Caco-2 cells demonstrated high sensitivity to the ME and demonstrated resistance toward the WE, while HT-29 cells exhibited sensitivity to both D. calcarata extracts. The expression of apoptosis regulatory genes assessed by PCR revealed an upregulation of p53 by ME, accompanied by downregulation of Bcl-2 and high expression of Bax after treatment with curcumin. The Bax gene was undetected in HT-29 cells. The methanol extract induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in colorectal Caco-2 and HT-29 cells and WE induced the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in HT-29 cells. ME downregulated STAT1, 3, and 5B in HT-29 cells. The D. calcarata bulb extracts, therefore, contain potential anticancer agents that can be further targeted for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Laka
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - K.B.F. Mapheto
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Z. Mbita
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
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Mirzaei S, Mohammadi AT, Gholami MH, Hashemi F, Zarrabi A, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Samec M, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Nabavi N, Aref AR, Ashrafizadeh M, Khan H, Najafi M. Nrf2 signaling pathway in cisplatin chemotherapy: Potential involvement in organ protection and chemoresistance. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105575. [PMID: 33771701 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a vital transcription factor and its induction is of significant importance for protecting against oxidative damage. Increased levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) stimulate Nrf2 signaling, enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. These enzymes are associated with retarding oxidative stress. On the other hand, Nrf2 activation in cancer cells is responsible for the development of chemoresistance due to disrupting oxidative mediated-cell death by reducing ROS levels. Cisplatin (CP), cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), is a potent anti-tumor agent extensively used in cancer therapy, but its frequent application leads to the development of chemoresistance as well. In the present study, association of Nrf2 signaling with chemoresistance to CP and protection against its deleterious effects is discussed. Anti-tumor compounds, mainly phytochemicals, retard chemoresistance by suppressing Nrf2 signaling. Upstream mediators such as microRNAs can regulate Nrf2 expression during CP chemotherapy regimens. Protection against side effects of CP is mediated via activating Nrf2 signaling and its downstream targets activating antioxidant defense system. Protective agents that activate Nrf2 signaling, can ameliorate CP-mediated ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Reducing ROS levels and preventing cell death are the most important factors involved in alleviating CP toxicity upon Nrf2 activation. As pre-clinical experiments advocate the role of Nrf2 in chemoprotection and CP resistance, translating these findings to the clinic can provide a significant progress in treatment of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Tabatabaei Mohammadi
- Asu Vanda Gene Research Company, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Science Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pisa, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6 Canada
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanashah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Low doses of eriocitrin attenuate metabolic impairment of glucose and lipids in ongoing obesogenic diet in mice. J Nutr Sci 2020; 9:e59. [PMID: 33489104 PMCID: PMC7801930 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eriocitrin is a citrus flavonoid with a high capacity to reduce the oxidative stress related to metabolic disorders and obesity. We assessed the effects of low doses of eriocitrin on the oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism of glucose and lipids of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. Fifty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into five groups (n 10). The mice were fed an HFD (45 % kcal from fat, i.e. lard) for 4 weeks for obesity induction. After this period, the mice continued receiving the same HFD, but supplemented with eriocitrin at 10, 25 or 100 mg/kg body weight (bw) for an additional 4 weeks. Control groups were fed with standard diet (10 % kcal of fat, i.e. soy oil) or with HFD without eriocitrin, for eight consecutive weeks. At the end of the study, mice supplemented with eriocitrin showed lower levels of blood serum glucose and blood and liver triacylglycerols (P < 0⋅05). There was also improved levels of insulin, HOMA-IR, total-cholesterol, resistin and lipid peroxidation in the supplemented mice. It was concluded that the 25 mg dose of eriocitrin improved all the parameters studied and had positive effects on oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and metabolism of lipids and glucose in general.
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Pharmacological Activity of Eriodictyol: The Major Natural Polyphenolic Flavanone. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6681352. [PMID: 33414838 PMCID: PMC7752289 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6681352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Eriodictyol is a flavonoid that belongs to a subclass of flavanones and is widespread in citrus fruits, vegetables, and medicinally important plants. Eriodictyol has been anticipated to explain the method of its activity via multiple cellular signaling cascades. Eriodictyol is an effective natural drug source to maintain higher health standards due to its excellent therapeutic roles in neuroprotection, cardioprotective activity, hepatoprotective activity, antidiabetes and obesity, and skin protection and having highly analgesic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, antipyretic and antinociceptive actions, antitumor activity, and much more. This review aims to highlight the modes of action of eriodictyol against various diseases via multiple cellular signaling pathways.
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Doxorubicin metabolism moderately attributes to putative toxicity in prodigiosin/doxorubicin synergism in vitro cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:119-126. [PMID: 32754875 PMCID: PMC7599147 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a widely neoplasm chemotherapeutic drug with high incidences of cardiotoxicity. Prodigiosin (PG), a red bacterial pigment from Serratia marcescens, has been demonstrated to potentiate Dox’s cytotoxicity against oral squamous cell carcinoma cells through elevating Dox influx and identified as a Dox enhancer via PG-induced autophagy; however, toxicity of normal cell remains unclear. This study is conducted to evaluate putative cytotoxicity features of PG/Dox synergism in the liver, kidney, and heart cells and further elucidate whether PG augmented Dox’s effect via modulating Dox metabolism in normal cells. Murine hepatocytes FL83B, cardio-myoblast h9c2, and human kidney epithelial cells HK-2 were sequentially treated with PG and Dox by measuring cell viability, cell death characteristics, oxidative stress, Dox flux, and Dox metabolism. PG could slightly significant increase Dox cytotoxicity in all tested normal cells whose toxic alteration was less than that of oral squamous carcinoma cells. The augmentation of Dox cytotoxicity might be attributed to the increase of Dox-mediated ROS accumulation that might cause slight reduction of Dox influx and reduction of Dox metabolism. It was noteworthy to notice that sustained cytotoxicity appeared in normal cells after PG and Dox were removed. Taken together, moderately metabolic reduction of Dox might be ascribed to the mechanism of increase Dox cytotoxicity in PG-induced normal cells; nevertheless, the determination of PG/Dox dose with sustained cytotoxicity in normal cells needs to be comprehensively considered.
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16
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The pharmacological and biological roles of eriodictyol. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:582-592. [PMID: 32594426 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Eriodictyol is a flavonoid in the flavanones subclass. It is abundantly present in a wide range of medicinal plants, citrus fruits, and vegetables that are considered to have potential health importance. Having the considerable medicinal properties, eriodictyol has been predicted to clarify the mode of action in various cellular and molecular pathways. Evidence for the existing therapeutic roles of eriodictyol includes antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, and miscellaneous. Therefore, this review aims to present the recent evidence regarding the mechanisms of action of eriodictyol in different signaling pathways in a specific disease condition. In view of the immense therapeutic effects, eriodictyol may serve as a potential drug source to enhance community health standards.
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17
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Paunkov A, Chartoumpekis DV, Ziros PG, Chondrogianni N, Kensler TW, Sykiotis GP. Impact of Antioxidant Natural Compounds on the Thyroid Gland and Implication of the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1828-1846. [PMID: 31267862 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190701165821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural compounds with potential antioxidant properties have been used in the form of food supplements or extracts with the intent to prevent or treat various diseases. Many of these compounds can activate the cytoprotective Nrf2 pathway. Besides, some of them are known to impact the thyroid gland, often with potential side-effects, but in other instances, with potential utility in the treatment of thyroid disorders. OBJECTIVE In view of recent data regarding the multiple roles of Nrf2 in the thyroid, this review summarizes the current bibliography on natural compounds that can have an effect on thyroid gland physiology and pathophysiology, and it discusses the potential implication of the Nrf2 system in the respective mechanisms. METHODS & RESULTS Literature searches for articles from 1950 to 2018 were performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords about phytochemicals, Nrf2 and thyroid. Natural substances were categorized into phenolic compounds, sulfur-containing compounds, quinones, terpenoids, or under the general category of plant extracts. For individual compounds in each category, respective data were summarized, as derived from in vitro (cell lines), preclinical (animal models) and clinical studies. The main emerging themes were as follows: phenolic compounds often showed potential to affect the production of thyroid hormones; sulfur-containing compounds impacted the pathogenesis of goiter and the proliferation of thyroid cancer cells; while quinones and terpenoids modified Nrf2 signaling in thyroid cell lines. CONCLUSION Natural compounds that modify the activity of the Nrf2 pathway should be evaluated carefully, not only for their potential to be used as therapeutic agents for thyroid disorders, but also for their thyroidal safety when used for the prevention and treatment of non-thyroidal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paunkov
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dionysios V Chartoumpekis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Patras University Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - Panos G Ziros
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Niki Chondrogianni
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas W Kensler
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Gerasimos P Sykiotis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Lin S, Chang C, Hsu C, Tsai M, Cheng H, Leong MK, Sung P, Chen J, Weng C. Natural compounds as potential adjuvants to cancer therapy: Preclinical evidence. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1409-1423. [PMID: 31368509 PMCID: PMC7056458 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional chemotherapy is being considered due to hindrances caused by systemic toxicity. Currently, the administration of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs with different biochemical/molecular targets, known as combination chemotherapy, has attained numerous benefits like efficacy enhancement and amelioration of adverse effects that has been broadly applied to various cancer types. Additionally, seeking natural-based alternatives with less toxicity has become more important. Experimental evidence suggests that herbal extracts such as Solanum nigrum and Claviceps purpurea and isolated herbal compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, and matairesinol) combined with antitumoral drugs have the potential to attenuate resistance against cancer therapy and to exert chemoprotective actions. Plant products are not free of risks: Herb adverse effects, including herb-drug interactions, should be carefully considered. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian‐Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Hsiang Chang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Che‐Fang Hsu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynaecological Cancers, Department of ResearchTzu Chi HospitalHualienTaiwan
| | - May‐Jwan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Neurological InstituteTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Henrich Cheng
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Neurological InstituteTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Max K. Leong
- Department of ChemistryNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Ping‐Jyun Sung
- Graduate Institute of Marine BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityPingtungTaiwan
| | - Jian‐Chyi Chen
- Department of BiotechnologySouthern Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTainan CityTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Feng Weng
- Graduate Institute of Marine BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityPingtungTaiwan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Center for Transitional MedicineXiamen Medical CollegeXiamenChina
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The Nrf2/HO-1 Axis as Targets for Flavanones: Neuroprotection by Pinocembrin, Naringenin, and Eriodictyol. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4724920. [PMID: 31814878 PMCID: PMC6878820 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4724920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Flavanones are a group of flavonoids that derive from their immediate chalcone precursors through the action of chalcone isomerase enzymes. The Aromatic A and B rings, C4-keto group, and the 15-carbon flavonoid skeleton are all evident in flavanones, but a notable absence of C2-C3 double bond and a lack of oxygenation at C-3 position of the C-ring makes them distinctively different from other groups such as flavonols (e.g., quercetin). On the basis of oxygenation level in the B ring, flavanones can vary from each other as exemplified by pinocembrin (no oxygenation), naringenin (4′-hydroxyl), or eriodictyol (3′,4′-dihydroxyl substitution). These groups are generally weaker free radical scavengers as compared to quercetin and derivatives though eriodictyol has a better free radical scavenging profile within the group due to the presence of the catechol functional moiety. In this communication, their antioxidant potential through the induction of antioxidant defenses is scrutinized. These compounds as exemplified by pinocembrin could induce the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2- (Nrf2-) heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) axis leading to amelioration of oxidative stress in cellular and animal models. Their neuroprotective effect through such mechanism is discussed.
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20
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Li Q, Xing S, Chen Y, Liao Q, Li Q, Liu Y, He S, Feng F, Chen Y, Zhang J, Liu W, Guo Q, Sun Y, Sun H. Reasonably activating Nrf2: A long-term, effective and controllable strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111862. [PMID: 31735576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a variety of debilitating and fatal disorder in central nervous system (CNS). Besides targeting neuronal activity by influencing neurotransmitters or their corresponding receptors, modulating the underlying processes that lead to cell death, such as oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, should also be emphasized as an assistant strategy for neurodegeneration therapy. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) has been closely verified to be related to anti-inflammation and oxidative stress, rationally regulating its belonging pathway and activating Nrf2 is emphasized to be a potential treatment approach. There have existed multiple Nrf2 activators with different mechanisms and diverse structures, but those applied for neuro-disorders are still limited. On the basis of research arrangement and compound summary, we put forward the limitations of existing Nrf2 activators for neurodegenerative diseases and their future developing directions in enhancing the blood-brain barrier permeability to make Nrf2 activators function in CNS and designing Nrf2-based multi-target-directed ligands to affect multiple nodes in pathology of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Shuaishuai Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Qinghong Liao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Qihang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Feng Feng
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, No.4 Meicheng Road, Huai'an, 223003, PR China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, 95817, USA
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, No.4 Meicheng Road, Huai'an, 223003, PR China.
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Grape Seed Procyanidins Attenuates Cisplatin-induced Human Embryonic Renal Cell Cytotoxicity by Modulating Heme Oxygenase-1 in Vitro. Cell Biochem Biophys 2019; 77:367-377. [PMID: 31659617 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-019-00890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used anti-cancer drug. However, cisplatin is limited in clinical treatment because of its severe nephrotoxicity. This study reported whether O-GSP can antagonize the cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells through inducing HO-1 protein expression. We previously demonstrated O-GSP can increase the survival rate of HEK293 and have protective effect on HEK293 cells. Herein, We found that O-GSP can antagonize cisplatin nephrotoxicity through regulating the expression of HO-1. O-GSP promotes the translocation of Nrf2 in the nucleus, and activates the ERKN JNK pathway and p38 MAPK pathway. Interestingly, p38 MAPK plays a major role in HO-1 expression induced by O-GSP. And O-GSP can modulate the decrease of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression induced by cisplatin, and improve the cisplatin-induced activity and apoptosis rate of cells by stimulating the expression of HO-1. However, the protective effects of O-GSP are inhibited by ZnPP IX. Collectively, the results indicated that O-GSP induced the expression of HO-1 through p38MAPK and Nrf2 pathway in HEK293 cells.
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Wu XY, Chen XM, Zhou MX, Hu HX, Zhang JZ, Wang XN, Ren DM, Lou HX, Shen T. Artocarmitin B enhances intracellular antioxidant capacity via activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in human lung epithelial cells. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 310:108741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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23
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Hammadi R, Kúsz N, Mwangi PW, Kulmány Á, Zupkó I, Orvos P, Tálosi L, Hohmann J, Vasas A. Isolation and Pharmacological Investigation of Compounds From Euphorbia matabelensis. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19863509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work deals with the isolation and pharmacological investigations of compounds of Euphorbia matabelensis. After multiple separation process, including thin layer chromatography (TLC), vacuum liquid chromatography, preparative TLC, and high-performance liquid chromatography, 1 diterpene (ingenol) and 2 flavonoids (naringenin and eriodictyol) were obtained from the methanol extracts prepared from the stems and roots of the plant. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and MS measurements and comparison with literature data. All compounds were isolated for the first time from the plant. Eriodictyol was detected for the first time from a Euphorbia species. The compounds were tested for their antiproliferative (on HeLa, C33a, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines) and GIRK channel blocking activities. None of the compounds proved to be active in these test systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Hammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Kúsz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Ágnes Kulmány
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Zupkó
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Orvos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Tálosi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Zhang H, Wu X, Wang J, Wang M, Wang X, Shen T, Wang S, Ren D. Flavonoids from the leaves of Epimedium Koreanum Nakai and their potential cytotoxic activities. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:1256-1263. [PMID: 30663372 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1560283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical studies on the leaves of Epimedium koreanum Nakai have resulted in the discovery of two new flavonol glycosides, koreanoside F (1) and koreanoside G (2), along with six known flavonoids. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS, UV, IR, 1 D NMR and 2 D NMR data. Absolute configurations of 1 and 2 was further determined by 13C-NMR spectra with gate decoupling (GD). All of the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activities by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. The results indicated that compounds 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 inhibited the proliferation of A549 and NCI-292 cells with IC50 values of 5.7-23.5 μM. Real-time monitoring in three kinds of lung cancer cells and a kind of human bronchial epithelial cells treated with compound 6 was also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaran Zhang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Wu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Jinxia Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
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Phytochemicals: Current strategy to sensitize cancer cells to cisplatin. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:518-527. [PMID: 30530287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimens are the most frequently used adjuvant treatments for many types of cancer. However, the development of chemoresistance to cisplatin results in treatment failure. Despite the significant developments in understanding the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance, effective strategies to enhance the chemosensitivity of cisplatin are lacking. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring plant-based compounds that can augment the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin, with minimal side effects. Notably, some novel phytochemicals, such as curcumin, not only increase the efficacy of cisplatin but also decrease toxicity induced by cisplatin. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. In this review, we discussed the progress made in utilizing phytochemicals to enhance the anti-cancer efficacy of cisplatin. We also presented some ideal phytochemicals as novel agents for counteracting cisplatin-induced organ damage.
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Singh C, Prakash C, Tiwari KN, Mishra SK, Kumar V. Premna integrifolia ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity by modulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:634-643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Li F, Yao Y, Huang H, Hao H, Ying M. Xanthohumol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:277-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Du D, Yao L, Zhang R, Shi N, Shen Y, Yang X, Zhang X, Jin T, Liu T, Hu L, Xing Z, Criddle DN, Xia Q, Huang W, Sutton R. Protective effects of flavonoids from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. on experimental acute pancreatitis via Nrf-2/ARE-mediated antioxidant pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:261-272. [PMID: 29870787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Oxidative stress is a prominent feature of clinical acute pancreatitis (AP). Coreopsis tinctoria has been used traditionally to treat pancreas disorders like diabetes mellitus in China and Portugal and its flavonoid-rich fraction contain the main phytochemicals that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of flavonoids isolated from C. tinctoria on experimental AP and explore the potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS LC-MS based online technique was used to analyse and isolate targeted flavonoids from C. tinctoria. Freshly isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells were treated with taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate (NaT, 5 mM) with or without flavonoids. Fluorescence microscopy and a plate reader were used to determine necrotic cell death pathway activation (propidium iodide), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (H2-DCFDA) and ATP depletion (luminescence) where appropriate. AP was induced by 7 repeated intraperitoneal caerulein injections (50 μg/kg) at hourly interval in mice or retrograde infusion of taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium salt (TLCS; 5 mM, 50 μL) into the pancreatic duct in mice or infusion of NaT (3.5%, 1 mL/kg) in rats. A flavonoid was intraperitoneally administered at 0, 4, and 8 h after the first caerulein injection or post-operation. Disease severity, oxidative stress and antioxidant markers were determined. RESULTS Total flavonoids extract and flavonoids 1-6 (C1-C6) exhibited different capacities in reducing necrotic cell death pathway activation with 0.5 mM C1, (2 R,3 R)-taxifolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, having the best effect. C1 also significantly reduced NaT-induced ROS production and ATP depletion. C1 at 12.5 mg/kg and 8.7 mg/kg (equivalent to 12.5 mg/kg for mice) significantly reduced histopathological, biochemical and immunological parameters in the caerulein-, TLCS- and NaT-induced AP models, respectively. C1 administration increased pancreatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2-medicated haeme oxygenase-1 expression and elevated pancreatic antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels. CONCLUSIONS Flavonoid C1 from C. tinctoria was protective in experimental AP and this effect may at least in part be attributed to its antioxidant effects by activation of Nrf2-mediated pathways. These results suggest the potential utilisation of C. tinctoria to treat AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Linbo Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Shi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinmin Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liqiang Hu
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - David N Criddle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
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Huang Z, Yang G, Shen T, Wang X, Li H, Ren D. Dehydrobruceine B enhances the cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity through regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in lung cancer A549 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:623-631. [PMID: 28262615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dehydrobruceine B (DHB) is a quassinoid isolated from Brucea javanica. We have shown previously that DHB induced apoptosis on two kinds of lung cancer cell lines, A549 and NCI-H292. In the present study, we investigated the interactions of DHB and cisplatin (CDDP) on apoptotic-related cancer cell death. Synergistic effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis were observed when A549 cells were treated with DHB plus CDDP. DHB combined CDDP exposure increased depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. The combination treatment also enhanced protein expression of Bax, reduced the protein levels of Bcl-xL and Bcl-2, and increased the cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). These results indicated that DHB sensitized A549 cells to cisplatin by regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. High constitutive expression of Nrf2 was found in A549 cells, which enhance the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin. DHB reduced the protein levels of Nrf2 and its target genes, which may contribute to the increase of intracellular ROS level, consequently, induced mitochondria apoptosis. These results generated a rationale for further investigation of DHB combined with CDDP as a potential therapeutic strategy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Guotao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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Ferreira EDO, Fernandes MYSD, Lima NMRD, Neves KRT, Carmo MRSD, Lima FAV, Fonteles AA, Menezes APF, Andrade GMD. Neuroinflammatory response to experimental stroke is inhibited by eriodictyol. Behav Brain Res 2016; 312:321-32. [PMID: 27353856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia is a common disease and one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. The lack of glucose and oxygen in neuronal tissue leads to a series of inflammatory events, culminating in neuronal death. Eriodictyol is a flavonoid isolated from the Chinese herb Dracocephalum rupestre that has been proven to have anti-inflammatory properties. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Thus, the present study was designed to explore whether eriodictyol has neuroprotective effects against the neuronal damage, motor and memory deficits induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in mice. STUDY DESIGN Animals were orally treated with eriodictyol (1, 2 and 4mg/kg) or vehicle (saline) 30min before pMCAO, 2h after, and then once daily for the following five days. METHODS The parameters studied were neuronal viability, brain infarcted area; sensorimotor deficits; exploratory activity; working and aversive memory; myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity; TNFα, iNOS and GFAP immunoreactivity. RESULTS The treatment with eriodictyol prevented neuronal death, reduced infarct area and improved neurological and memory deficits induced by brain ischemia. The increase of MPO activity and TNF-α, iNOS and GFAP expression were also reduced by eriodictyol treatment. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that eriodictyol exhibit promising neuroprotection effects against the permanent focal ischemia cerebral injury in the mice experimental model and the underlying mechanisms might be mediated through inhibition of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson de Oliveira Ferreira
- Post-Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Mara Yone Soares Dias Fernandes
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Neila Maria Rocha de Lima
- Post-Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Kelly Rose Tavares Neves
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Marta Regina Santos do Carmo
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Arnaldo Viana Lima
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Analu Aragão Fonteles
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Fontenele Menezes
- Post-Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Geanne Matos de Andrade
- Post-Graduate Programme in Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil; Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil; Institute of Biomedicine of Brazilian Semi-arid, Brazil.
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Ferreira PS, Spolidorio LC, Manthey JA, Cesar TB. Citrus flavanones prevent systemic inflammation and ameliorate oxidative stress in C57BL/6J mice fed high-fat diet. Food Funct 2016; 7:2675-81. [PMID: 27182608 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01541c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The flavanones hesperidin, eriocitrin and eriodictyol were investigated for their prevention of the oxidative stress and systemic inflammation caused by high-fat diet in C57BL/6J mice. The mice received a standard diet (9.5% kcal from fat), high-fat diet (45% kcal from fat) or high-fat diet supplemented with hesperidin, eriocitrin or eriodictyol for a period of four weeks. Hesperidin, eriocitrin and eriodictyol increased the serum total antioxidant capacity, and restrained the elevation of interleukin-6 (IL-6), macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). In addition, the liver TBARS levels and spleen mass (g per kg body weight) were lower for the flavanone-treated mice than in the unsupplemented mice. Eriocitrin and eriodictyol reduced TBARS levels in the blood serum, and hesperidin and eriodictyol also reduced fat accumulation and liver damage. The results showed that hesperidin, eriocitrin and eriodictyol had protective effects against inflammation and oxidative stress caused by high-fat diet in mice, and may therefore prevent metabolic alterations associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases in other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Ferreira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição, Rodovia Araraquara - Jau, km 1, Araraquara, SP 14802-901, Brazil.
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Zhao L, Wen Q, Yang G, Huang Z, Shen T, Li H, Ren D. Apoptosis induction of dehydrobruceine B on two kinds of human lung cancer cell lines through mitochondrial-dependent pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:114-122. [PMID: 26926172 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucea javanica is an effective traditional medicine listed in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. In China, the seed oil of B. javanica has long been used as commercially available drug for the treatment of tumor in clinic. Dehydrobruceine B (DHB) is a quassinoid isolated from B. javanica. PURPOSE The aim of the present study is to investigate the apoptotic effects induced by DHB in human lung cancer A549 and NCI-H292 cells. The involvement of a mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway in the pro-apoptotic action of DHB was also investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry analysis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was examined through JC-1 staining. The protein translocation in cells was examined by immunostaining. The expression levels of proteins which are closely related to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway were measured by immunoblot analysis. RESULTS Treatment with DHB decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis and blocked cell cycle at S phase. DHB-induced apoptosis was found to be mediated through mitochondrial intrinsic pathway, evidenced by the loss of MMP, the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, and the cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). CONCLUSION DHB triggers apoptosis in A549 and NCI-H292 cells via mitochondrial pathway, making it a promising candidate as a therapeutic agent for lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan 250013, PR China
| | - Guotao Yang
- Department of thoracic surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Zhuqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Tao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Haizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, PR China.
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Nrf2–ARE pathway: An emerging target against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 157:84-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Basu A, Singha Roy S, Bhattacharjee A, Bhuniya A, Baral R, Biswas J, Bhattacharya S. Vanadium(III)-L-cysteine protects cisplatin-induced nephropathy through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Free Radic Res 2015; 50:39-55. [PMID: 26573721 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the first-line anticancer drugs; however, the major limitation of CDDP therapy is development of nephrotoxicity (25-35% cases), whose precise mechanism mainly involves oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death. Therefore, in search of a potential chemoprotectant, an organovanadium complex, viz., vanadium(III)-L-cysteine (VC-III) was evaluated against CDDP-induced nephropathy in mice. CDDP was administered intraperitoneally (5 mg/kg b.w.) and VC-III was given by oral gavage (1 mg/kg b.w.) in concomitant and pre-treatment schedule. The results showed that VC-III administration reduced (p < 0.001) serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, suggesting amelioration of renal dysfunction. VC-III treatment also significantly (p < 0.001) prevented CDDP-induced generation of reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and onset of lipid peroxidation in kidney tissues of the experimental mice. In addition, VC-III also substantially (p < 0.001) restored CDDP-induced depleted activities of the renal antioxidant enzymes such as, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione (reduced) level. Furthermore, histopathological study also confirmed the renoprotective efficacy of VC-III. Western blotting analysis appended by immunohistochemical data showed that VC-III treatment quite effectively reduced the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as, NFκβ, COX-2 and IL-6. VC-III administration also stimulated Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense system by promotion of downstream antioxidant enzymes, such as HO-1. Moreover, treatment with VC-III significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced CDDP-mediated cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and NCI-H520 human cancer cell lines. Thus, VC-III can serve as a suitable chemoprotectant and increase the therapeutic window of CDDP in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Basu
- a Department of Cancer Chemoprevention , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
| | - Somnath Singha Roy
- a Department of Cancer Chemoprevention , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
| | - Arin Bhattacharjee
- a Department of Cancer Chemoprevention , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
| | - Avishek Bhuniya
- b Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- b Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- c Department of Translational Research , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
| | - Sudin Bhattacharya
- a Department of Cancer Chemoprevention , Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute , West Bengal , India
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Ning S, Sekar TV, Scicinski J, Oronsky B, Peehl DM, Knox SJ, Paulmurugan R. Nrf2 activity as a potential biomarker for the pan-epigenetic anticancer agent, RRx-001. Oncotarget 2015; 6:21547-56. [PMID: 26280276 PMCID: PMC4673285 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulatory transcription factor that plays an important role in the antioxidant response pathway against anticancer drug-induced cytotoxic effects. RRx-001 is a new anticancer agent that generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and leads to epigenetic alterations in cancer cells. Here we report the RRx-001 mediated nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the activation of expression of its downstream enzymes HO-1 and NQO1 in tumor cells. Inhibition of intrinsic Nrf2 expression by Nrf2-specific siRNA increased cell sensitivity to RRx-001. Molecular imaging of tumor cells co-expressing pARE-Firefly luciferase and pCMV-Renilla luciferase-mRFP in vitro and in vivo in mice revealed that RRx-001 significantly increased ARE-FLUC signal in cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, suggesting that RRx-001 is an effective activator of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. The pre-treatment level of ARE-FLUC signal in cells, reflecting basal activity of Nrf2, negatively correlated with the tumor response to RRx-001. The results support the concept that RRx-001 activates Nrf2-ARE antioxidant signaling pathways in tumor cells. Hence measurement of Nrf2-mediated activation of downstream target genes through ARE signaling may constitute a useful molecular biomarker for the early prediction of response to RRx-001 treatment, and thereby guide therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoucheng Ning
- Department of Radiation Oncology Stanford University Medical Center Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | - Donna M. Peehl
- Department of Urology Stanford University Medical Center Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Susan J. Knox
- Department of Radiation Oncology Stanford University Medical Center Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Department of Radiology Stanford University Medical Center Stanford, CA 94304, USA
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Three pairs of diastereoisomeric flavanone glycosides from Viscum articulatum. Fitoterapia 2015; 102:156-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Theanine prevents doxorubicin-induced acute hepatotoxicity by reducing intrinsic apoptotic response. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 78:147-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Antithrombotic and antidiabetic flavonoid glycosides from the grains of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench var. hwanggeumchal. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 37:1394-402. [PMID: 24957980 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical study of the grains of S. bicolor, resulting in the isolation of twelve flavonoid glycosides 1-12. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and MS data analyses. All compounds were tested on thrombin time (TT) assay and α-glucosidase assay in order to assess their inhibitory effects on blood coagulation and α-glucosidase enzyme. At the concentration of 500 μg/mL, compounds 3, 4, 7 and 10 possessed the potential effects on blood coagulation with inhibitory percentage of 197, 152, 120 and 158 %, respectively, whereas aspirin, which used as a positive control, indicated 181 and 138 % inhibition at 500 and 375 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 3, 4, 7, 9 and 10 also displayed strong inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase enzyme, with 85.2, 55.7, 43.9, 52.7 and 65.2 % inhibition at 100 μg/mL, respectively, whereas acarbose, as a positive control, possessed only 38.7 % at the same concentration. Taken together, our data suggest that S. bicolor and its flavonoid-enrich extracts could be considered as supplemental and or functional foods having beneficial effects against blood coagulation-induced ischemia, possibly thromboembolism disease, as well as diabetes.
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Mangiferin activates Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling without reducing the sensitivity to etoposide of human myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:257-66. [PMID: 24374812 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Mangiferin is glucosylxanthone extracted from plants of the Anacardiaceae and Gentianaceae families. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mangiferin on Nrf2-antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling and the sensitivity to etoposide of human myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. METHODS Human HL-60 myeloid leukemia cells and mononuclear human umbilical cord blood cells (MNCs) were examined. Nrf2 protein was detected using immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. Binding of Nrf2 to ARE was examined with electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The level of NQO1 was assessed with real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. DCFH-DA was used to evaluate intracellular ROS level. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed using MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS Mangiferin (50 μmol/L) significantly increased Nrf2 protein accumulation in HL-60 cells, particularly in the nucleus. Mangiferin also enhanced the binding of Nrf2 to an ARE, significantly up-regulated NQO1 expression and reduced intracellular ROS in HL60 cells. Mangiferin alone dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells. Mangiferin (50 mol/L) did not attenuate etoposide-induced cytotoxicity in HL-60 cells, and combined treatment of mangiferin with low concentration of etoposide (0.8 μg/mL) even increased the cell inhibition rate. Nor did mangiferin change the rate of etoposide-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. In MNCs, mangiferin significantly relieved oxidative stress, but attenuated etoposide-induced cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Mangiferin is a novel Nrf2 activator that reduces oxidative stress and protects normal cells without reducing the sensitivity to etoposide of HL-60 leukemia cells in vitro. Mangiferin may be a potential chemotherapy adjuvant.
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Kumar H, Kim IS, More SV, Kim BW, Choi DK. Natural product-derived pharmacological modulators of Nrf2/ARE pathway for chronic diseases. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:109-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70065h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Jing X, Ren D, Wei X, Shi H, Zhang X, Perez RG, Lou H, Lou H. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside activates Nrf2 and protects against cerebral ischemic injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shelton LM, Kevin Park B, Copple IM. Role of Nrf2 in protection against acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2013; 84:1090-5. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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