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Mahmoud Shokhba AS, El-Deen A Omran MA, Abdel-Rahman MA, El-Shenawy NS. Effect of Egyptian spitting cobra Naja nubiae crude venom on immunogenic activity of rats. Toxicon 2024; 247:107834. [PMID: 38950737 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Snakes show defensive activities, often counting visual or auditory displays against an aggressor. The study observed what happens to rats administered subcutaneously sub-lethal doses of crude venom Naja nubiae. The pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), and inflammatory mediator's prostaglandin E-2 (PG-E2), were evaluated. Vascular permeability (VP) was employed to assess how leaky or permeable blood vessels are in various tissues and organs, including the rat peritoneal cavity and lymphoid organs. Lymphoid organs' histological alterations brought on by Nubiae venom. The study found that the two venom doses-1/4 and 1/2 LD50-induced high levels of inflammatory activity as evidenced by the production of inflammatory cytokines. These findings demonstrated that venom enhanced innate immunity through specifically increased T helper cells, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and PG-E2. The results reveal whether the venom has an immunomodulatory effect and promotes inflammation. The data have a substantial impact on the development of new drugs and treatments for inflammatory conditions.
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Wacewicz-Muczyńska M, Moskwa J, Puścion-Jakubik A, Naliwajko SK, Niczyporuk M, Socha K. Antioxidant Properties of Maqui Berry Extract ( Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) and Its Potential Photoprotective Role on Human Skin Fibroblasts. Molecules 2023; 28:7802. [PMID: 38067532 PMCID: PMC10708373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) is characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maqui berry extracts on human skin fibroblasts (NHSFs) exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVB). The photoprotective properties of the extracts were investigated via the determination of the total polyphenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH), and the chemical composition was assessed. The chemical purity of the extracts was studied via the evaluation of the toxic elements level. The water extract (MWE 57.75 ± 0.44 mg GAE/g) had the highest mean polyphenol content. The water (MWE) and ethanol (MEE70) extracts had the highest inhibitory activities against DPPH radical formation (283.63 ± 7.29 and 284.60 ± 4.31 mg Tx/L, respectively). The analyzed extracts were found to be safe in terms of toxic elements (arsenic, cadmium, lead). The tested extracts of maqui berry did not cause a cytotoxic effect on NHSF cells after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation. When the NHSF cells were exposed to UVB radiation in the presence of maqui extracts, their viability was increased or maintained. The maqui berry extracts had a slightly protective effect against skin damage caused by UVB radiation. These were preliminary studies that require further research to determine which maqui compounds correspond with the photoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wacewicz-Muczyńska
- Department of Specialist Cosmetology, Medical University of Bialystok, Akademicka 3 St., 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Moskwa
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Puścion-Jakubik
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sylwia K Naliwajko
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Niczyporuk
- Department of Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Akademicka 3 St., 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D St., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Rinderknecht H, Mayer A, Histing T, Ehnert S, Nüssler A. Herbal Extracts of Ginseng and Maqui Berry Show Only Minimal Effects on an In Vitro Model of Early Fracture Repair of Smokers. Foods 2023; 12:2960. [PMID: 37569229 PMCID: PMC10419284 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for delayed fracture healing, affecting several aspects of early fracture repair, including inflammation, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Panax ginseng (GE) and maqui berry extract (MBE) were shown in our previous studies to reduce smoke-induced cellular damage in late bone-healing in vitro models. We aimed here to analyze their effects on the early fracture repair of smokers in a 3D co-culture model of fracture hematomas and endothelial cells. Both extracts did not alter the cellular viability at concentrations of up to 100 µg/mL. In early fracture repair in vitro, they were unable to reduce smoking-induced inflammation and induce osteo- or chondrogenicity. Regarding angiogenesis, smoking-induced stress in HUVECs could not be counteracted by both extracts. Furthermore, smoking-impaired tube formation was not restored by GE but was harmed by MBE. However, GE promoted angiogenesis initiation under smoking conditions via the Angpt/Tie2 axis. To summarize, cigarette smoking strikingly affected early fracture healing processes in vitro, but herbal extracts at the applied doses had only a limited effect. Since both extracts were shown before to be very effective in later stages of fracture healing, our data suggest that their early use immediately after fracture does not appear to negatively impact later beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Andreas Nüssler
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Center, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.R.); (A.M.); (T.H.); (S.E.)
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Cavezzi A, Colucci R, Bastiani L. Short-term effects of a maqui-based nutraceutical on heart rate variability, psycho-physical resilience and on a few metabolic biomarkers: a randomized controlled study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:487-496. [PMID: 36420523 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the immediate/short-term outcomes of a maqui berry-based nutraceutical (MBN) supplementation on the autonomic nervous system (ANS), resilience level, metabolism and body composition. METHODS A randomized controlled single-blind study was performed on healthy subjects. Throughout 30 days, one group took 1,000 mg/day of an MBN (Maqui 500®), the control group had no supplementation. On day 0 (T0) and 30 (T3) all subjects performed blood tests, bioimpedance spectroscopy and questionnaires for resilience, perceived stress and short-form 12 (SF12). At T0, 75' after T0 (T1), on day 7 and at T3 the subjects underwent biometric parameter measurement and heart rate variability (HRV) test to investigate psycho-physical resilience. RESULTS Fifteen subjects per group were included; abnormal seasonal high temperatures altered individuals' lifestyle and nutrition, influencing the trial's outcomes. Biometric parameters, blood pressure, oxygen saturation and blood tests did not differ between T0 and T3 in both groups. In the MBN group the HRV analysis showed a significant increase of ANS coordination (p=0.05), parasympathetic activity at 75', very low frequencies and total power at T3, whereas these parameters decreased in the control group. SF12 mental score improved in the maqui group (p=0.02); the questionnaire-based outcomes showed no further variations. In the control subjects bioimpedance showed an increase of resistance and fat mass, with decreased total body water and lean mass (p=n.s.). CONCLUSIONS The maqui-based nutraceutical improved HRV, namely ANS activation/coordination, and SF12 mental component. Blood tests and bioimpedance/biometric parameters mildly varied. The elapsed hot weather likely biased many investigated variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Bastiani
- National Research Council-Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
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de Souza EP, Ferro M, Pelá VT, Fernanda-Carlos T, Borges CGG, Taira EA, Ventura TMO, Arencibia AD, Buzalaf MAR, Henrique-Silva F. Maquiberry Cystatins: Recombinant Expression, Characterization, and Use to Protect Tooth Dentin and Enamel. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051360. [PMID: 37239031 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytocystatins are proteinaceous competitive inhibitors of cysteine peptidases involved in physiological and defensive roles in plants. Their application as potential therapeutics for human disorders has been suggested, and the hunt for novel cystatin variants in different plants, such as maqui (Aristotelia chilensis), is pertinent. Being an understudied species, the biotechnological potential of maqui proteins is little understood. In the present study, we constructed a transcriptome of maqui plantlets using next-generation sequencing, in which we found six cystatin sequences. Five of them were cloned and recombinantly expressed. Inhibition assays were performed against papain and human cathepsins B and L. Maquicystatins can inhibit the proteases in nanomolar order, except MaquiCPIs 4 and 5, which inhibit cathepsin B in micromolar order. This suggests maquicystatins' potential use for treating human diseases. In addition, since we previously demonstrated the efficacy of a sugarcane-derived cystatin to protect dental enamel, we tested the ability of MaquiCPI-3 to protect both dentin and enamel. Both were protected by this protein (by One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparisons Test, p < 0.05), suggesting its potential usage in dental products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Pereira de Souza
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | - Milene Ferro
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Taioqui Pelá
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda-Carlos
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Even Akemi Taira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Ariel Domingo Arencibia
- Center of Biotechnology in Natural Resources, Faculty of Agrarian and Forestry Sciences, Catholic University of Maule (UCM), Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil
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Otero C, Klagges C, Morales B, Sotomayor P, Escobar J, Fuentes JA, Moreno AA, Llancalahuen FM, Arratia-Perez R, Gordillo-Fuenzalida F, Herrera M, Martínez JL, Rodríguez-Díaz M. Anti-Inflammatory Chilean Endemic Plants. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030897. [PMID: 36986757 PMCID: PMC10051824 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used since prehistoric times and continue to treat several diseases as a fundamental part of the healing process. Inflammation is a condition characterized by redness, pain, and swelling. This process is a hard response by living tissue to any injury. Furthermore, inflammation is produced by various diseases such as rheumatic and immune-mediated conditions, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes. Hence, anti-inflammatory-based treatments could emerge as a novel and exciting approach to treating these diseases. Medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, and this review introduces various native Chilean plants whose anti-inflammatory effects have been evaluated in experimental studies. Fragaria chiloensis, Ugni molinae, Buddleja globosa, Aristotelia chilensis, Berberis microphylla, and Quillaja saponaria are some native species analyzed in this review. Since inflammation treatment is not a one-dimensional solution, this review seeks a multidimensional therapeutic approach to inflammation with plant extracts based on scientific and ancestral knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Carolina Klagges
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinar en Ciencias Biomédicas SEK, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad SEK, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Paula Sotomayor
- Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Jorge Escobar
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (J.L.M.); (M.R.-D.)
| | - Juan A. Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Adrian A. Moreno
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Felipe M. Llancalahuen
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Ramiro Arratia-Perez
- Center for Applied Nanoscience, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Felipe Gordillo-Fuenzalida
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Michelle Herrera
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Jose L. Martínez
- Vicerrectoria de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13001, Peru
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13001, Peru
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (J.L.M.); (M.R.-D.)
| | - Maité Rodríguez-Díaz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (J.L.M.); (M.R.-D.)
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7
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Torres-Benítez A, Ortega-Valencia JE, Flores-González M, Sánchez M, Simirgiotis MJ, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Phytochemical Characterization and In Vitro and In Silico Biological Studies from Ferns of Genus Blechnum (Blechnaceae, Polypodiales). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030540. [PMID: 36978788 PMCID: PMC10044869 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Blechnum represents one of the most ecologically and therapeutically important groups of ferns that grow in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. In this work, the chemical fingerprint of lyophilized extracts of Blechnum chilense, B. hastatum, B. magellanicum and B. penna-marina species, the determination of their antioxidant activity through ORAC, FRAP and DPPH assays and inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes (AChE and BChE), and an in silico analysis of selected majority compounds on cholinesterase enzymes were identified. Nineteen compounds were recorded for B. chilense, nine in B. hastatum, seventeen in B. magellanicum and seventeen in B. penna-marina by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS). The content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition were variable among species, with best results for B. penna-marina. Molecular docking evidenced low toxicities, significant pharmacokinetic properties, and significant binding affinities of the tested compounds for the AChE and BChE enzymes. These fern species show high diversity of bioactive compounds and represent a promising resource in phytotherapy, especially for their optimal levels of phenolic compounds that support their antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Torres-Benítez
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - José Erick Ortega-Valencia
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Tlalnepantla, Av. Instituto Tecnológico, S/N. Col. La Comunidad, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54070, Mexico
| | - Mathias Flores-González
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Marta Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (M.P.G.-S.)
| | - María Pilar Gómez-Serranillos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.S.); (M.P.G.-S.)
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López-Acosta O, Ruiz-Ramírez A, Barrios-Maya MÁ, Alarcon-Aguilar J, Alarcon-Enos J, Céspedes Acuña CL, El-Hafidi M. Lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity and some strategies to protect vascular smooth muscle cell against proliferative phenotype in metabolic syndrome. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113546. [PMID: 36513245 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis through a mechanism that involves vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Several molecules found to be increased in MetS, including free fatty acids, fatty acid binding protein 4, leptin, resistin, oxidized lipoprotein particles, and advanced glycation end products, influence VSMC proliferation. Most of these molecules act through their receptors on VSMCs by activating several signaling pathways associated with ROS generation in various cellular compartments. ROS from NADPH-oxidase and mitochondria have been found to promote VSMC proliferation and cell cycle progression. In addition, most of the natural or synthetic substances described in this review, including pharmaceuticals with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, attenuate VSMC proliferation by their simultaneous modulation of cell signaling and their scavenging property due to the presence of a phenolic ring in their structure. This review discusses recent data in the literature on the role that several MetS-related molecules and ROS play in the change from contractile to proliferative phenotype of VSMCs. Hence the importance of proposing an appropriate strategy to prevent uncontrolled VSMC proliferation using antioxidants, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ocarol López-Acosta
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Miguel-Ángel Barrios-Maya
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Javier Alarcon-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Depto. de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - Julio Alarcon-Enos
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Av. Andres Bello 720, Chillan, Chile
| | - Carlos L Céspedes Acuña
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Av. Andres Bello 720, Chillan, Chile.
| | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Depto de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano No 1, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, México D.F., Mexico.
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Majeed U, Shafi A, Majeed H, Akram K, Liu X, Ye J, Luo Y. Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) phytochemicals and their biochemical protective mechanisms against leading pathologies. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Phenotypic variation of fruit and ecophysiological traits among maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Molina] Stuntz) provenances established in a common garden. Sci Rep 2022; 12:185. [PMID: 34997037 PMCID: PMC8741926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The domestication of forest species has traditionally relied on productivity issues. However, today there are concerns about the potential responses of natural populations and new cultivars to extreme climatic conditions derived from climate change and how to incorporate this knowledge into the domestication programs. Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz ('Maqui') is a widely distributed native species in Chile. Its berry is considered a "super fruit" with an increasing interest in the food industry. This study investigated the phenotypic variation of growth, fruit, and ecophysiological traits of 20 A. chilensis clones originated from six provenances along the latitudinal gradient and established in a common-garden experiment in the Mediterranean zone of central Chile (center part of the species distribution). Differences among provenances were observed for most of the traits under study, especially between the northern and southernmost provenances (i.e., San Fernando versus Entre Lagos). Northern provenances showed higher development of vegetative tissue and fruit yield but lower intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEint) compared with southern ones. Clonal variation within provenances was found significant for the ripening index, WUEint, and fruit number and weight but not significant for traits related to the crown and leaf morphology. A genetic differentiation due to latitudinal cline was not evident in this study, but differences among provenances suggest local adaptation for some traits. The genotypic variation in productive traits must be considered in the outgoing domestication of the species and future selection programs.
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Cryoconcentration by Centrifugation–Filtration: A Simultaneous, Efficient and Innovative Method to Increase Thermosensitive Bioactive Compounds of Aqueous Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) Extract. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) is a Chilean berry rich in antioxidants, which are mostly found in the pulp and skin of the fruit. The objective was to evaluate the cryoconcentration process by centrifugation–filtration as a simultaneous, efficient, and innovative method to increase the content of thermosensitive bioactive compounds of aqueous maqui extract. Cryoconcentration separated the concentrated solute from the aqueous maqui extract with an efficiency of more than 95%; it increased the content of total polyphenols and total anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity by 280%, 573%, and 226%, respectively. Although the concentrates obtained by evaporation at 50, 70, and 80 °C increased the content of bioactive compounds, they did so in a lower percentage than the cryoconcentrate. Furthermore, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside was degraded at 70 and 80 °C. In conclusion, cryoconcentration by centrifugation–filtration as a simultaneous process efficiently separates the solutes from the frozen matrix of aqueous maqui extract, and it maintains and increases the contents of polyphenols and anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity. This method is recommended for concentrating natural berry extracts with thermosensitive compounds.
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12
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Crisóstomo-Ayala KA, Sabater-Jara AB, Pérez Manriquez C, Ferreres F, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Pedreño MÁ, Hernández de la Torre M, Sanchez-Olate M, Ríos Leal DG. Comparative Study of Metabolomic Profile and Antioxidant Content of Adult and In Vitro Leaves of Aristotelia chilensis. PLANTS 2021; 11:plants11010037. [PMID: 35009040 PMCID: PMC8747544 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to identify the bioactive compounds present in adult maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) leaves from different stages of development and seasons of the year and compare them with leaves obtained from maqui plants grown in vitro. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of maqui leaf extracts by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn showed the presence of different polyphenolic compounds classified into galloyl and caffeoyl quinic acids, ellagitannins and ellagic acid- and flavonoid-derivatives. In general, the total phenolic content of the in vitro samples was higher than that of ex vitro samples, whereas the total flavonoid content was higher in winter basal leaves. Additionally, the analysis by HPLC-MS showed that the extract from spring basal leaves was enriched in quercetin, catechin, kaempferol and 3-caffeoyl quinic acids, while in the in vitro leaves extract, quercetin was not present. As regards lipophilic compounds identified by GC/MS, the samples of in vitro leaves showed a high presence of α-tocopherol and β-sitosterol. In contrast, the samples of adult leaves presented a hight level of linolenic and linoleic acids. These results suggest that maqui leaves could be an excellent source of antioxidants and lipophilic compounds for many industries, such as the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Andrea Crisóstomo-Ayala
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Claudia Pérez Manriquez
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile;
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation (REM) Group, Campus Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, UCAM, s/n, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Maria Ángeles Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Martha Hernández de la Torre
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Olate
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Darcy Graciela Ríos Leal
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
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13
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Lanuza F, Zamora-Ros R, Petermann-Rocha F, Martínez-Sanguinetti MA, Troncoso-Pantoja C, Labraña AM, Leiva-Ordoñez AM, Nazar G, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ulloa N, Lasserre-Laso N, Parra-Soto S, Martorell M, Villagrán M, Garcia-Diaz DF, Andrés-Lacueva C, Celis-Morales C. Advances in Polyphenol Research from Chile: A Literature Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2009508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Lanuza
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Epidemiología Cardiovascular y Nutricional (EPICYN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - R Zamora-Ros
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Petermann-Rocha
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - C Troncoso-Pantoja
- Centro de Investigación en Educación y Desarrollo (CIEDE-UCSC), Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - AM Labraña
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - AM Leiva-Ordoñez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - G Nazar
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, y Centro de Vida Saludable. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - K Ramírez-Alarcón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Ulloa
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia, y Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Lasserre-Laso
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles, Chile
| | - S Parra-Soto
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Martorell
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Villagrán
- Department of Basic Science, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - DF Garcia-Diaz
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027 Santiago, Chile
| | - C Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Celis-Morales
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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14
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Natural Antioxidants from Endemic Leaves in the Elaboration of Processed Meat Products: Current Status. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091396. [PMID: 34573028 PMCID: PMC8466473 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few years, consumers' demand for animal protein and healthier meat products has increased considerably. This has motivated researchers of the meat industry to create products that present healthier components while maintaining their safety, sensory characteristics, and shelf life. Concerning this, natural plant extracts have gained prominence because they can act as antioxidants and antimicrobials, increasing the stability and shelf life of processed meat products. It has been observed that the leaves of plant species (Moringa oleifera, Bidens pilosa, Eugenia uniflora, Olea europea, Prunus cerasus, Ribes nigrum, etc.) have a higher concentration and variety of polyphenols than other parts of the plants, such as fruits and stems. In Chile, there are two native berries, maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) and murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz), that that stand out for their high concentrations of polyphenols. Recently, their polyphenols have been characterized, demonstrating their potential antioxidant and antimicrobial action and their bioactive action at cellular level. However, to date, there is little information on their use in the elaboration of meat products. Therefore, the objective of this review is to compile the most current data on the use of polyphenols from leaves of native plants in the elaboration of meat products and their effect on the oxidation, stability, and organoleptic characteristics during the shelf life of these products.
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Garcia C, Blesso CN. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins and their mechanism of action in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:152-166. [PMID: 34087429 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis develops due to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall and sclerosis as result of increased hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation. However, improving antioxidant status through diet may prevent the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is believed that polyphenol-rich plants contribute to the inverse relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and chronic disease. Anthocyanins are flavonoid polyphenols with antioxidant properties that have been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. The consumption of anthocyanins increases total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant defense enzymes, and HDL antioxidant properties by several measures in preclinical and clinical populations. Anthocyanins appear to impart antioxidant actions via direct antioxidant properties, as well as indirectly via inducing intracellular Nrf2 activation and antioxidant gene expression. These actions counter oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling in cells present in atherosclerotic plaques, including macrophages and endothelial cells. Overall, anthocyanins may protect against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease through their effects on cellular antioxidant status, oxidative stress, and inflammation; however, their underlying mechanisms of action appear to be complex and require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Garcia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States
| | - Christopher N Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States.
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Agulló V, González-Trujano ME, Hernandez-Leon A, Estrada-Camarena E, Pellicer F, García-Viguera C. Synergistic Interaction in the Analgesic-Like Effects of Maqui Berry and Citrus Is Antagonized by Sweeteners. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072466. [PMID: 34371971 PMCID: PMC8308574 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although physiologically pain has a protective function, in many diseases, it is one of the most prominent symptoms. Today, new trends are focused on finding more natural alternatives to conventional treatments to alleviate it. Thereby, the purpose of this investigation was to obtain preclinical data of the antinociceptive properties of a lyophilized obtained from a newly designed maqui-citrus beverage alone and added with different sweeteners. To achieve this objective, maqui berry and citrus pharmacological activity were studied separately, as well as the interaction of both ingredients. In addition, due to the controversy generated regarding the intake of sugars, related to different metabolic diseases, the influence of different sweeteners (stevia, sucralose, or sucrose) was studied to determine their possible influence on the bioactive compounds of this product. For the attainment of our goals, a pharmacological evaluation, using the 1% formalin test, a nociceptive pain model in mice, was performed by using a sub-efficacious dosage of Maqui (25 mg/kg, i.p.) alone and combined with citrus, and then compared with the effects obtained in the presence of the different sweeteners. As a result, the antinociceptive response of the maqui was synergized in the presence of citrus in the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of the formalin test. However, this response was partially or totally reduced in the presence of the sweeteners. Our study gives preclinical evidence that a combination of maqui and citrus might exert beneficial actions to relieve pain, whereas the presence of sweeteners could reduce or avoid it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Agulló
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14370, Mexico; (V.A.); (A.H.-L.); (F.P.)
- Grupo Calidad, Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Bioactividad y Seguridad, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14370, Mexico; (V.A.); (A.H.-L.); (F.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.E.G.-T.); (C.G.-V.)
| | - Alberto Hernandez-Leon
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14370, Mexico; (V.A.); (A.H.-L.); (F.P.)
| | - Erika Estrada-Camarena
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14370, Mexico;
| | - Francisco Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico 14370, Mexico; (V.A.); (A.H.-L.); (F.P.)
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Grupo Calidad, Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Bioactividad y Seguridad, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.E.G.-T.); (C.G.-V.)
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17
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Ortiz T, Argüelles-Arias F, Begines B, García-Montes JM, Pereira A, Victoriano M, Vázquez-Román V, Pérez Bernal JL, Callejón RM, De-Miguel M, Alcudia A. Native Chilean Berries Preservation and In Vitro Studies of a Polyphenol Highly Antioxidant Extract from Maqui as a Potential Agent against Inflammatory Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060843. [PMID: 34070392 PMCID: PMC8226669 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The best conservation method for native Chilean berries has been investigated in combination with an implemented large-scale extract of maqui berry, rich in total polyphenols and anthocyanin to be tested in intestinal epithelial and immune cells. The methanolic extract was obtained from lyophilized and analyzed maqui berries using Folin–Ciocalteu to quantify the total polyphenol content, as well as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) to measure the antioxidant capacity. Determination of maqui’s anthocyanins profile was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-MS/MS). Viability, cytotoxicity, and percent oxidation in epithelial colon cells (HT-29) and macrophages cells (RAW 264.7) were evaluated. In conclusion, preservation studies confirmed that the maqui properties and composition in fresh or frozen conditions are preserved and a more efficient and convenient extraction methodology was achieved. In vitro studies of epithelial cells have shown that this extract has a powerful antioxidant strength exhibiting a dose-dependent behavior. When lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-macrophages were activated, noncytotoxic effects were observed, and a relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation response was demonstrated. The maqui extract along with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) have a synergistic effect. All of the compiled data pointed out to the use of this extract as a potential nutraceutical agent with physiological benefits for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Ortiz
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (T.O.); (V.V.-R.)
| | - Federico Argüelles-Arias
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (F.A.-A.); (J.-M.G.-M.)
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, c/Dr. Fedriani nº 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Belén Begines
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Prof García González nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Josefa-María García-Montes
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (F.A.-A.); (J.-M.G.-M.)
| | - Alejandra Pereira
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Desarrollo Concepción Barrios Arana1735, Concepción 4070146, Chile;
| | - Montserrat Victoriano
- Departamento de Nutricion y Dietetica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile. Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción 4070146, Chile;
| | - Victoria Vázquez-Román
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (T.O.); (V.V.-R.)
| | - Juan Luis Pérez Bernal
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Prof García González nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Raquel M. Callejón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Prof García González nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Manuel De-Miguel
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (T.O.); (V.V.-R.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.-M.); (A.A.); Tel.: +34-955-421-025 (M.D.-M.); +34-954-556-740 (A.A.)
| | - Ana Alcudia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Prof García González nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.D.-M.); (A.A.); Tel.: +34-955-421-025 (M.D.-M.); +34-954-556-740 (A.A.)
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18
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Mena J, Elgueta E, Espinola-Gonzales F, Cardenas H, Orihuela PA. Hydroethanolic Extracts of the Aristotelia Chilensis (Maqui) Berry Reduces Cellular Viability and Invasiveness in the Endometrial Cancer Cell Line Ishikawa. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211007560. [PMID: 33926283 PMCID: PMC8113921 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211007560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the reproductive tract includes diseases with higher prevalence in the female population. This investigation examined whether an anthocyanin-enriched extract of Aristotelia chilensis, commonly known as "maqui," could affect some hallmarks of endometrial cancer. Cultures of the human endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa were treated with a hydroethanolic maqui extract at 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, or 1000 µg/mL to determine the effect on cell viability by MTT assay. Then, we used the 50% Effective Concentration (EC50) to evaluate whether the effect of the maqui extract is mediated via an arrest of the cell cycle or induction of apoptosis using flow cytometry or Annexin V-FITC assays, respectively. The effects of sublethal doses of the maqui extract on migration and invasiveness of Ishikawa cells were also evaluated by the wound healing and Boyden Chamber assay, respectively. Our results show that the hydroethanolic maqui extract inhibits the cell viability with an EC50 of 472.3 µg/mL via increased apoptosis, and that reduces the invasive capacity but not migration of Ishikawa cells. These findings suggest that the hydroethanolic maqui extract has antineoplastic properties for endometrial cancer and merits further studies to corroborate its efficiency as anticancer therapy in reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mena
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Estefanía Elgueta
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Espinola-Gonzales
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Cardenas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro A Orihuela
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Nanotecnología-CEDENNA, Santiago-Chile
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19
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Agulló V, González-Trujano ME, Hernandez-Leon A, Estrada-Camarena E, Pellicer F, García-Viguera C. Antinociceptive effects of maqui-berry ( Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz). Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:947-955. [PMID: 33719824 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1895727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maqui-berry is characterised by presenting a high concentration of (poly)phenols, accounting anthocyanins (cyanidin and delphinidin) for over 85% of the total. These coloured flavonoids have demonstrated potential neurological activity, but the evidence of their antinociceptive properties is scarce. In order to cover this gap, different doses (suitable for human administration) of a maqui-berry powder (1.6% anthocyanin), using enteral and parenteral routes of administration, were compared at central and peripheral levels using a nociceptive pain model (formalin test) in mice. Gastric damage analysis as possible adverse effects of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs was also explored. Dose-antinociceptive response was confirmed using both routes of administration and in both neurogenic and inflammatory phases of the formalin test, without gastric damage. In conclusion, these preliminary data provide evidence of pharmacological properties of maqui-berry to alleviate nociceptive pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Agulló
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México.,Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Grupo Calidad, Bioactividad y Seguridad, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto Hernandez-Leon
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Erika Estrada-Camarena
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Pellicer
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Grupo Calidad, Bioactividad y Seguridad, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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20
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Arango-Varela SS, Luzardo-Ocampo I, Maldonado-Celis ME, Campos-Vega R. Andean berry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) juice in combination with Aspirin modulated anti-inflammatory markers on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Hameed A, Galli M, Adamska-Patruno E, Krętowski A, Ciborowski M. Select Polyphenol-Rich Berry Consumption to Defer or Deter Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Complications. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2538. [PMID: 32825710 PMCID: PMC7551116 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are considered "promising functional fruits" due to their distinct and ubiquitous therapeutic contents of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavanols, alkaloids, polysaccharides, hydroxycinnamic, ellagic acid derivatives, and organic acids. These polyphenols are part of berries and the human diet, and evidence suggests that their intake is associated with a reduced risk or the reversal of metabolic pathophysiologies related to diabetes, obesity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and hypertension. This work reviewed and summarized both clinical and non-clinical findings that the consumption of berries, berry extracts, purified compounds, juices, jams, jellies, and other berry byproducts aided in the prevention and or otherwise management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related complications. The integration of berries and berries-derived byproducts into high-carbohydrate (HCD) and high-fat (HFD) diets, also reversed/reduced the HCD/HFD-induced alterations in glucose metabolism-related pathways, and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid oxidation in healthy/obese/diabetic subjects. The berry polyphenols also modulate the intestinal microflora ecology by opposing the diabetic and obesity rendered symbolic reduction of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction-restoring bacteria, short-chain fatty acids, and organic acid producing microflora. All studies proposed a number of potential mechanisms of action of respective berry bioactive compounds, although further mechanistic and molecular studies are warranted. The metabolic profiling of each berry is also included to provide up-to-date information regarding the potential anti-oxidative/antidiabetic constituents of each berry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Hameed
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
| | - Mauro Galli
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Edyta Adamska-Patruno
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.H.); (E.A.-P.); (A.K.)
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22
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Ortiz T, Argüelles-Arias F, Illanes M, García-Montes JM, Talero E, Macías-García L, Alcudia A, Vázquez-Román V, Motilva V, De-Miguel M. Polyphenolic Maqui Extract as a Potential Nutraceutical to Treat TNBS-Induced Crohn's Disease by the Regulation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061752. [PMID: 32545398 PMCID: PMC7353344 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals include a wide variety of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, which have been highlighted for their remarkable health benefits. Specially, maqui berries have shown great antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects on some inflammatory diseases. The objectives of the present study were to explore the therapeutic effects of maqui berries on acute-phase inflammation in Crohn’s disease. Balb/c mice were exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) via intracolonic administration. Polyphenolic maqui extract (Ach) was administered orally daily for 4 days after TNBS induction (Curative Group), and for 7 days prior to the TNBS induction until sacrifice (Preventive Group). Our results showed that both preventive and curative Ach administration inhibited body weight loss and colon shortening, and attenuated the macroscopic and microscopic damage signs, as well as significantly reducing transmural inflammation and boosting the recovery of the mucosal architecture and its muco-secretory function. Additionally, Ach promotes macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype and was capable of down-regulating significantly the expression of inflammatory proteins COX-2 and iNOS, and at the same time it regulates the antioxidant Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. In conclusion, this is the first study in which it is demonstrated that the properties of Ach as could be used as a preventive and curative treatment in Crohn’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Ortiz
- Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.); (L.M.-G.); (V.V.-R.)
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (M.D.-M.); Tel.: +34-954-551798 (T.O.); +34-955-421-025 (M.D.-M.)
| | - Federico Argüelles-Arias
- Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (F.A.-A.); (J.-M.G.-M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, c/Dr. Fedriani, nº 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Matilde Illanes
- Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.); (L.M.-G.); (V.V.-R.)
| | - Josefa-María García-Montes
- Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (F.A.-A.); (J.-M.G.-M.)
| | - Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Seville, c/Prof García González, nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (E.T.); (V.M.)
| | - Laura Macías-García
- Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.); (L.M.-G.); (V.V.-R.)
| | - Ana Alcudia
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Prof García González, nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Victoria Vázquez-Román
- Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.); (L.M.-G.); (V.V.-R.)
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Seville, c/Prof García González, nº 2, 41012 Sevilla, Spain; (E.T.); (V.M.)
| | - Manuel De-Miguel
- Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, University of Seville, Avda. Sánchez-Pizjuán s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; (M.I.); (L.M.-G.); (V.V.-R.)
- Correspondence: (T.O.); (M.D.-M.); Tel.: +34-954-551798 (T.O.); +34-955-421-025 (M.D.-M.)
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23
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Zhou G, Chen L, Sun Q, Mo QG, Sun WC, Wang YW. Maqui berry exhibited therapeutic effects against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2020; 10:6655-6665. [PMID: 31556890 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00663j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) is an edible berry. The study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of maqui berry on inflammatory bowel disease. Maqui berry water extract was separated by multiple solvents extraction. The chemical bases, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of different extract fractions were then compared. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis mice were used for the pharmacological activity test in vivo. Experimental results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of maqui berry water extract (MWE) was rich in phenols and exhibited good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. MWE considerably reduced the expression of COX2 and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Inflammatory bowel disease index, MDA, NO, i-NOS, and COX2 in colon tissues and MPO, TNF-α, and IL-1β in blood serums were remarkably decreased in the treatment group compared to in the model group (p < 0.05). Intestinal histopathological damage was significantly alleviated in the treatment group, and the expression of occludin was increased (p < 0.05). MWE treatment alleviated the imbalance of gut microbiota caused by DSS injury. Overall, MWE plays a therapeutic role in ulcerative colitis through its anti-inflammatory effect, reduces immune stress, and regulates gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Zhou
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China.
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24
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Chen L, Zhou G, Meng XS, Fu HY, Mo QG, Wang YW. Photoprotection of maqui berry against ultraviolet B-induced photodamage in vitro and in vivo. Food Funct 2020; 11:2749-2762. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01902b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Maqui berry extracts could ameliorate oxidative stress, cellular DNA damage, and inflammation induced by UVB-irradiation in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P.R. China
| | - Gao Zhou
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Shan Meng
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ying Fu
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P.R. China
| | - Qi-Gui Mo
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P.R. China
| | - You-Wei Wang
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- P.R. China
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25
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Bastías-Montes JM, Monterrosa K, Muñoz-Fariña O, García O, Acuña-Nelson SM, Vidal-San Martín C, Quevedo-Leon R, Kubo I, Avila-Acevedo JG, Domiguez-Lopez M, Wei ZJ, Thakur K, Cespedes-Acuña CL. Chemoprotective and antiobesity effects of tocols from seed oil of Maqui-berry: Their antioxidative and digestive enzyme inhibition potential. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:111036. [PMID: 31862287 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Maqui-berry (Aristotelia chilensis) is the emerging Chilean superfruit with high nutraceutical value. Until now, the research on this commodity was focused on the formulations enriched with polyphenols from the pulp. Herein, contents of tocols were compared in the seed oil of Maqui-berry obtained through three different extraction methods followed by determining their antioxidative and enzyme inhibitions in-vitro. Firstly, oilseed was extracted with n-hexane (Soxhlet method), chloroform/methanol/water (Bligh and Dyer method) and pressing (industrial). These samples were used to access their effects against DPPH, HORAC, ORAC, FRAP, Lipid-peroxidation (TBARS), α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase. All the isomers of tocopherol and tocotrienol were identified, and β-sitosterol was the only sterol found in higher amounts than other vegetable oils. The Bligh and Dyer method could lead to the highest antioxidative capacity compared to Soxhlet and press methods likely because the latter have a higher amount of tocopherols. Further, seed oil from Maqui berry and their tocols (α, β, γ, δ-tocopherols, tocotrienols, and β-sitosterol) warrant clinical investigation for their antioxidative and antiobesity potential. Taken together, these findings provide relevant and suitable conditions for the industrial processing of Maqui-berry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Monterrosa
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad Del Bío-Bío, P.O. Box 447, Chillán, Chile
| | - Ociel Muñoz-Fariña
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología en Alimentos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Olga García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología en Alimentos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sergio M Acuña-Nelson
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad Del Bío-Bío, P.O. Box 447, Chillán, Chile
| | - Carla Vidal-San Martín
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Universidad Del Bío-Bío, P.O. Box 447, Chillán, Chile
| | - Roberto Quevedo-Leon
- Departamento de Acuicultura y Recursos Agroalimentarios, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Isao Kubo
- ESPM Department, UC-Berkeley, CA, 94720-3112, USA
| | | | - Mariana Domiguez-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Laboratorio 305-Sur, Instituto de Fisiología Celular. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Carlos L Cespedes-Acuña
- Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group in Chemistry and Biotechnology of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bio-Bío, Andrés Bello Avenue, Chillan, Chile.
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26
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Masoodi H, Villaño D, Zafrilla P. A comprehensive review on fruit Aristotelia chilensis (Maqui) for modern health: towards a better understanding. Food Funct 2019; 10:3057-3067. [PMID: 31066379 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02429d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Human and animal intervention studies have provided enough evidence for the protective effects of different foods rich in polyphenols against non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Though over the last decade South American berries, rich sources of polyphenols, especially maqui, have become the subject of research interest due to their remarkable potential health benefits, yet so far very limited studies have been conducted on the effect of maqui berry on non-communicable diseases, and information about its domestication is also still deficient. This comprehensive review focuses on the health potential of maqui, especially on its effect on non-communicable diseases. It is anticipated that this article will extend our understanding of the maqui-health benefit relationship. More detailed and long term in vivo intervention and in vitro studies are needed to fully understand how maqui interacts with human physiological and pathological processes, considering the rapid increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Masoodi
- Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Los Jerónimos s/n, Guadalupe (Murcia) 30107, Spain.
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27
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Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Jiménez-Aspee F, Theoduloz C, Ladio A. Patagonian berries as native food and medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111979. [PMID: 31153864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Patagonia is the southernmost part of the South American continent including Chile and Argentina. Berries and wild fruits have been gathered by the native Patagonians as food and medicine for over 14,000 years. The economic potential of the native berries as health promoting and relevant sources of bioactive substances has become apparent with several studies in the last decades. AIM OF STUDY This work aims to provide an insight into the ethnohistorical records of wild edible fruits from Patagonia starting with the archeobotanical studies to the contemporary use of the resources. The chemical and bioactivity studies on the native fruits are presented and discussed. METHODOLOGY A search of electronic databases including Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SciFinder, as well as hand-search was carried out to perform an integrative review on the native Patagonian berries. RESULTS The use of native berries as food and medicine by the ancient hunter-gatherer societies can be traced back to the early occupation of Patagonia. The same species used in prehistoric times are still used as food by the contemporary population in this area. Chemical and bioactivity studies have reported remarkable activities in several of the native berries, including calafate (Berberis spp.), native strawberry (Fragaria chiloensis), currants (Ribes spp.), Patagonian raspberries (Rubus spp.) and maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) fruits. The increasing demand for maqui and calafate led to the selection of varieties for commercial production. The fruit constituents show strong antioxidant and inhibitory effect towards enzymes associated with metabolic syndrome, including α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase. Some berry constituents exert anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The phytochemicals identified include a wide array of phenolics of different structural skeletons. Changes in composition and bioactivity after simulated gastric and intestinal digestion, as well as colonic fermentation, have been reported in some Patagonian species. CONCLUSIONS Patagonian berries are a relevant source of bioactive compounds with several health promoting properties. The long tradition of use and the interest of the population for their consumption has led to the development of some of this fruits as new potential crops. The ethnobotanical evidence shows a shared knowledge among the different indigenous communities on plant uses according to the local resources, and an integration of the ancient knowledge into the contemporary society. Other species are being investigated to get a more complete picture of the food and medicinal plants from Patagonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile; Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation, Centre for Systems Biotechnology (FCR-CSB), Av. del Cóndor 844, Huechuraba, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - Felipe Jiménez-Aspee
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Ana Ladio
- Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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28
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Garcia-Diaz DF, Jimenez P, Reyes-Farias M, Soto-Covasich J, Costa AGV. A Review of the Potential of Chilean Native Berries in the Treatment of Obesity and its Related Features. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 74:277-286. [PMID: 31278560 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major worldwide health threat. It is characterized by an abnormal adipose tissue overgrowth together with increased monocytes infiltration, causing inflammation and oxidative stress, events associated with several illnesses. Investigations have focused on the benefits of native fruit consumption, claiming these to be natural sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. It has been widely stated that berries are a source of the most antioxidant compounds, and, thus, seem highly promising to endure research efforts on these vegetal matrices. The present article describes botanical, chemical and biomedical features of the Chilean native berries, Aristotelia chilensis, Ugni molinae, and Berberis microphylla. This work aims to potentiate incoming research focused on the search for novel treatments for first-order diseases with these particular plant sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego F Garcia-Diaz
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - P Jimenez
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Reyes-Farias
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Soto-Covasich
- Biotechnology Doctoral Program, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso - Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - A G V Costa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre, Brazil
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29
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Romero F, Palacios J, Jofré I, Paz C, Nwokocha CR, Paredes A, Cifuentes F. Aristoteline, an Indole-Alkaloid, Induces Relaxation by Activating Potassium Channels and Blocking Calcium Channels in Isolated Rat Aorta. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152748. [PMID: 31362388 PMCID: PMC6695676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids derived from plants have shown great medicinal benefits, and are often reported for their use in cardiovascular disease management. Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz (Maqui) has shown important medicinal properties in traditional useage. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the indole-alkaloid aristoteline (ARI), isolated from leaves of Maqui, on vascular reactivity of isolated aortic rings from normotensive rats. ARI induced relaxation (100%) in a concentration-dependent manner in intact or denuded-endothelium aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (PE; 1 μM). However, a specific soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor (ODQ; 1 μM) significantly reduced the relaxation to ARI in aortic rings pre-contracted with PE. In the presence of ARI, the contraction induced by KCl or PE was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased. Interestingly, the potassium channel blockade with 10 μM BaCl2 (Kir), 10 μM glibenclamide (KATP), 1 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA; KCa1.1), or 1 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; Kv) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the ARI-induced relaxation. ARI significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the contractile response to agonist of CaV1.2 channels (Bay K8644; 10 nM), likely reducing the influx of extracellular calcium through plasma membrane. The mechanisms associated with this process suggest an activation of the potassium channels, a calcium-induced antagonism and endothelium independent vasodilation that possibly involves the nitric oxide-independent soluble guanylate cyclase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Romero
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - Javier Palacios
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Departamento de Química y Farmacia, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, Chile.
| | - Ignacio Jofré
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias y Biología de Péptidos, Centro de Excelencia en Biotecnología de La Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Cristian Paz
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales y Descubrimiento de Fármacos, Departamento de Ciencias básicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Chukwuemeka R Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Physiology Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, KGN, Jamaica (W.I.)
| | - Adrián Paredes
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Fredi Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
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30
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Patagonian Berries: Healthy Potential and the Path to Becoming Functional Foods. Foods 2019; 8:foods8080289. [PMID: 31357475 PMCID: PMC6722795 DOI: 10.3390/foods8080289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying food and its derived ingredients that can provide beneficial effects for human health. These studies are helping to understand the bases of the ancestral use of several natural products, including native fruits as functional foods. As a result, the polyphenol profile and the antioxidant capacity of the extracts obtained from different Patagonian native berries have been described. This review aims to provide valuable information regarding fruit quality, its particular compound profile, and the feasibility of producing functional foods for human consumption to prevent disorders such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss attempts concerning the domestication of these species and generating knowledge that strengthens their potential as traditional fruits in the food market and as a natural heritage for future generations. Finally, additional efforts are still necessary to fully understand the potential beneficial effects of the consumption of these berries on human health, the application of suitable technology for postharvest improvement, and the generation of successfully processed foods derived from Patagonian berries.
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31
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Turchetti G, Paz C. Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz: A Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083804666181002095249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz, commonly called “maqui” is a native tree of
Chile considered sacred for the Mapuche people. The fruits are sweet blackberries with a
high concentration of polyphenols which stain the hands and mouth when eaten. The
Mapuche people use it for creating "chicha" an alcoholic beverage, while leaves are used to
treat infected wounds, inflammation and ulcers. In this review, we will give an overview of
the pharmacology reported for the plant and molecules isolated from leaves and fruits, with
the scope of giving a better understanding of the potential of this tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Turchetti
- Laboratory of Plant Cytology and Biotechnology, Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems, DIBAF, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Cristian Paz
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas y Recursos Naturales, BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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López de Dicastillo C, López‐Carballo G, Gavara R, Muriel Galet V, Guarda A, Galotto MJ. Improving polyphenolic thermal stability ofAristotelia Chilensisfruit extract by encapsulation within electrospun cyclodextrin capsules. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol López de Dicastillo
- Food Packaging Laboratory (Laben‐Chile), Department of Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Technology University of Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA) Santiago Chile
| | - Gracia López‐Carballo
- Packaging Lab, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology IATA‐CSIC Valencia Spain
| | - Rafael Gavara
- Packaging Lab, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology IATA‐CSIC Valencia Spain
| | - Virginia Muriel Galet
- Food Packaging Laboratory (Laben‐Chile), Department of Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Technology University of Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Abel Guarda
- Food Packaging Laboratory (Laben‐Chile), Department of Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Technology University of Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA) Santiago Chile
| | - María José Galotto
- Food Packaging Laboratory (Laben‐Chile), Department of Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Technology University of Santiago de Chile Santiago Chile
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA) Santiago Chile
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Assessment of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction as an Alternative Method for the Extraction of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds from Maqui Berries (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz). AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9030148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research interest regarding maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) has increased over the last years due to its potential health benefits as one of the most antioxidant-rich berries. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an advanced green, fast, and ecological extraction technique for the production of high quality extracts from natural products, so it has been proposed in this work as an ideal alternative extraction technique for obtaining extracts of high bioactivity from maqui berries. In order to determine the optimal conditions, the extraction variables (percentage of methanol, pH, temperature, ratio “sample mass/volume of solvent”, amplitude, and cycle) were analyzed by a Box-Behnken design, in conjunction with the response surface method. The statistical analysis revealed that the temperature and the percentage of methanol were the most influential variables on the extraction of the total phenolic compounds and total anthocyanins, respectively. The optimal extraction time was determined at 15 min for total phenolic compounds, while it was only 5 min for anthocyanins. The developed methods showed a high precision level with a coefficient of variation of less than 5%. Finally, the new methods were successfully applied to several real samples. Subsequently, the results were compared to those that were obtained in previous experiments by means of microwave assisted extraction (MAE). Similar extraction yields were obtained for phenolic compounds under optimized conditions. However, UAE proved to be slightly more efficient than MAE in the extraction of anthocyanins.
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Rivera-Tovar PR, Mariotti-Celis MS, Pérez-Correa JR. Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) and murta (Ugni molinae Turcz): Native Chilean sources of polyphenol compounds. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666180627120609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the production, processing and exportation of maqui and murta Chilean berries
have increased due to their high Total Polyphenols Content (TPC) and high Antioxidant Capacity
(AC). However, the leaves of these berries are agroindustrial discards that present even higher TPC and
AC values. Extracts of leaves and berries of maqui and murta with water, methanol and ethanol as solvents
showed significant bioactivity, like inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (an enzyme involved in the
metabolism of carbohydrates), as well as anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. They are also excellent
sources of polyphenols such as oligomers and polymers of delphinidin, pelargonidin, resveratrol,
among others that have shown health-promoting bioactivity and good bioavailability. Purified extracts
may be useful as supplements for foods and cosmetics, and even as pharmaceutical products. However,
it is necessary to control the variability of their TPC, AC and polyphenols profiles caused by genotype,
environment, processing, storage and stage of harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela R. Rivera-Tovar
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Vicuna Mackena 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago, 7820436, Chile
| | - María S. Mariotti-Celis
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, P.O. Box 9845, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | - José Ricardo Pérez-Correa
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Vicuna Mackena 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago, 7820436, Chile
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Céspedes-Acuña CL, Xiao J, Wei ZJ, Chen L, Bastias JM, Avila JG, Alarcon-Enos J, Werner-Navarrete E, Kubo I. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts from Maqui berry Aristotelia chilensis in human colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BERRY RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/jbr-180356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos L. Céspedes-Acuña
- Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group in Chemistry and Biotechnology of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bio Bio. Chillan, Chile
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longsheng Chen
- Anhui Academy of Science and Technology, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Jose M. Bastias
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Grupo de Investigación Calidad, Toxicología e Inocuidad Alimentaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y los Alimentos, Universidad del Bio Bio, Chillan, Chile
| | - José G. Avila
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Avenida de Los Barrios 1, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Julio Alarcon-Enos
- Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group in Chemistry and Biotechnology of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bio Bio. Chillan, Chile
| | - Enrique Werner-Navarrete
- Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group in Chemistry and Biotechnology of Bioactive Natural Products, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bio Bio. Chillan, Chile
| | - Isao Kubo
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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36
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Bunte K, Hensel A, Beikler T. Polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease: A systematic review of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies. Fitoterapia 2018; 132:30-39. [PMID: 30496806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived polyphenols with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory characteristics appear to provide a variety of oral health benefits. Thus, the aim of the present study was to review the scientific literature to identify these effects of polyphenols on periodontal pathogens and inflammation. A MEDLINE search from 1st January 2013 to 18th January 2018 was performed to identify studies reporting polyphenol-containing plant extracts. Reports regarding pure compounds and essential oils, as well as effects on bacteria that are not defined as periodontal pathogens, were excluded. Thirty-eight studies matched the selection criteria. Studies on immunomodulatory effects included in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies (n = 23), whereas studies reporting antibacterial effects against periodontal pathogens included only in vitro studies (n = 18). Three studies were included in both groups. The antibacterial effects were characterised by inhibition of bacterial growth, adhesion to oral cells, and enzymatic activity. Decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory and increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines were demonstrated. Higher attachment levels, lower inflammation, and bone loss were reported by in vivo studies. Due to the high heterogeneity, it is difficult to draw clear conclusions for applicability; nevertheless, polyphenols have great potential as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory substances in the treatment and prevention of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Hensel
- University of Münster, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Thomas Beikler
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Building O58, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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37
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Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from the Chilean Superfruit (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz). AGRONOMY-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy8110240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) is being explored in the food industry, and is considered to be one of the healthiest berries due to its bioactive components and high commercial value. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was developed for the determination of total phenolic compounds and anthocyanins from maqui. A Box–Behnken experimental design was employed in conjunction with a response surface methodology to optimize the conditions based on 27 different experiments. The extractions were carried out with four factors (i.e., methanol percentage, pH, temperature, and solvent volume:sample mass ratio), and two responses—total phenolics and anthocyanins. Temperature and methanol percentage were found to be the most influential parameters for total phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, respectively. The optimum MAE conditions were: 65% MeOH in water at pH 2, temperature of 100 °C, and a ratio of 10:0.5 for total phenolics; and 60% MeOH in water at pH 2, temperature of 50 °C, and a ratio of 14:0.5 for anthocyanins. Kinetics assays were carried out and an optimum time of only 2 min was identified for the extractions. Repeatability and intermediate precision were also evaluated, and coefficients of variation below 5% were obtained. The new methods were successfully applied to a foodstuff made with maqui.
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Insights into the importance of dietary chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hangju)-wolfberry (Lycium barbarum fruit) combination in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Food Res Int 2018; 116:810-818. [PMID: 30717012 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary chrysanthemum flower and wolfberry alone or together are widely consumed as a health beverage on a daily basis for centuries. The study aims to evaluate combinative effects of flower heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hangju (C) and Lycium barbarum fruit (wolfberry, W) served as tea on chemical compounds, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Eight phenolics were mainly detected in chrysanthemum flowers, whereas polysaccharides were dominant in wolfberry. The infusion of five combinations showed significantly antioxidant activities positively associated with the chrysanthemum flower content in chemical methods (ORAC and FRAP). However, the cellular-based CAA assay exhibited the highest antioxidant activities of the infusion at C:W = 1:1, indicating a synergistic interaction (CI = 0.11, P < .01). Additionally, the anti-inflammatory effect of infusion, specifically at a combination of C:W = 1:1, was observed by reducing the LPS-induced nitric oxide production, and inhibiting the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA (P < .05). The infusion prepared at a C:W = 1:1 was found to inactivate MAPKs (ERK and JNK) and NF-κB. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms might be attributed to acacetin-7-O-rutinoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside and chlorogenic acid from chrysanthemum flower, and wolfberry polysaccharide via multiple inflammatory pathways.
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Novel Natural Products for Healthy Ageing from the Mediterranean Diet and Food Plants of Other Global Sources-The MediHealth Project. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051097. [PMID: 29734769 PMCID: PMC6099974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a rapid increase in the percentage of elderly people in Europe. Consequently, the prevalence of age-related diseases will also significantly increase. Therefore, the main goal of MediHealth, an international research project, is to introduce a novel approach for the discovery of active agents of food plants from the Mediterranean diet and other global sources that promote healthy ageing. To achieve this goal, a series of plants from the Mediterranean diet and food plants from other origins are carefully selected and subjected to in silico, cell-based, in vivo (fly and mouse models), and metabolism analyses. Advanced analytical techniques complement the bio-evaluation process for the efficient isolation and identification of the bioactive plant constituents. Furthermore, pharmacological profiling of bioactive natural products, as well as the identification and synthesis of their metabolites, is carried out. Finally, optimization studies are performed in order to proceed to the development of innovative nutraceuticals, dietary supplements or herbal medicinal products. The project is based on an exchange of researchers between nine universities and four companies from European and non-European countries, exploiting the existing complementary multidisciplinary expertise. Herein, the unique and novel approach of this interdisciplinary project is presented.
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Benatrehina PA, Pan L, Naman CB, Li J, Kinghorn AD. Usage, biological activity, and safety of selected botanical dietary supplements consumed in the United States. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 8:267-277. [PMID: 29736381 PMCID: PMC5934707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the continuous growth of the botanical dietary supplement industry and the increased popularity of lesser known or exotic botanicals, recent findings are described on the phytochemical composition and biological activities of five selected fruits consumed in the United States, namely, açaí, noni, mangosteen, black chokeberry, and maqui berry. A review of the ethnomedicinal uses of these plants has revealed some similarities ranging from wound-healing to the treatment of fever and infectious diseases. Laboratory studies on açaí have shown both its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, and more importantly, its neuroprotective properties in animals. Anthraquinones and iridoid glucosides isolated from noni fruit induce the phase II enzyme quinone reductase (QR), and noni fruit juice exhibited antitumor and antidiabetic activities in certain animal models. Antitumorigenic effects of mangosteen in animal xenograft models of human cancers have been attributed to its xanthone content, and pure α-mangostin was shown to display antineoplastic activity in mice despite a reported low oral bioavailability. Work on the less extensively investigated black chokeberry and maqui berry has focused on recent isolation studies and has resulted in the identification of bioactive secondary metabolites with QR-inducing and hydroxyl-radical scavenging properties. On the basis of the safety studies and toxicity case reports described herein, these fruits may be generally considered as safe. However, cases of adulteration found in a commercialized açaí product and some conflicting results from mangosteen safety studies warrant further investigation on the safety of these marketed botanical dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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41
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Cespedes CL, Balbontin C, Avila JG, Dominguez M, Alarcon J, Paz C, Burgos V, Ortiz L, Peñaloza-Castro I, Seigler DS, Kubo I. Inhibition on cholinesterase and tyrosinase by alkaloids and phenolics from Aristotelia chilensis leaves. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:984-995. [PMID: 28501487 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is reported in this study the effect of isolates from leaves of Aristotelia chilensis as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase enzymes. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the activity of A. chilensis towards different enzymes. In addition to pure compounds, extracts rich in alkaloids and phenolics were tested. The most active F5 inhibited AChE (79.5% and 89.8% at 10.0 and 20.0 μg/mL) and against BChE (89.5% and 97.8% at 10.0 and 20.0 μg/mL), showing a strong mixed-type inhibition against AChE and BChE. F3 (a mixture of flavonoids and phenolics acids), showed IC50 of 90.7 and 59.6 μg/mL of inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE, inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase competitively. Additionally, F3 showed and high potency as tyrosinase inhibitor with IC50 at 8.4 μg/mL. Sample F4 (anthocyanidins and phenolic composition) presented a complex, mixed-type inhibition of tyrosinase with a IC50 of 39.8 μg/mL. The findings in this investigation show that this natural resource has a strong potential for future research in the search of new phytotherapeutic treatments for cholinergic deterioration ailments avoiding the side effects of synthetic drugs. This is the first report as cholinesterases and tyrosinase inhibitors of alkaloids and phenolics from A. chilensis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos L Cespedes
- Biochemistry and Phytochemical-Ecology Lab, Department of Basic Science, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Chillan, Chile.
| | - Cristian Balbontin
- Plant Production Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Quilamapu, Chillan, Chile
| | - Jose G Avila
- Laboratorio de Fitoquimica, Unidad UBIPRO-FES-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Mariana Dominguez
- Departamento de Biologia Celular y Desarrollo, Laboratorio 305-Sur, Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan 04510, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Julio Alarcon
- Synthesis and Biotransformation Lab., Department of Basic Science, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bio Bio, Chillan, Chile
| | - Cristian Paz
- Departamento de Química y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 1011, Temuco, Chile
| | - Viviana Burgos
- Departamento de Química y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 1011, Temuco, Chile
| | - Leandro Ortiz
- Instituto de Ciencias Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ignacio Peñaloza-Castro
- Laboratorio de Fisiologia Vegetal, Unidad UBIPRO-FES-Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - David S Seigler
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Isao Kubo
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., ESPM Department, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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42
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Xiao J, Georgiev MI. Second international symposium on phytochemicals in medicine and food (2-ISPMF). Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:353-354. [PMID: 28347759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Group of Plant Cell Biotechnology and Metabolomics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
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