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Yalçın T, Kaya S. Therapeutic potential of the linalool against cadmium-induced testicular tissue damage. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127455. [PMID: 38657337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that has harmful effects and is one of the contaminants found in the environment. Cd exposure causes important pathophysiological processes, such as reproductive toxicity. Linalool (Lnl) is a monoterpene, a component of essential oils known to be produced synthetically. Additionally, Lnl has many important beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The objective of this study is to determine whether Lnl has a healing impact in opposition to testicular tissue damage due to Cd exposure. In the study, 28 male rats were divided at random into four equal groups (n = 7). No treatment was applied to the control group. CdCl2 was applied intraperitoneally to the Cd group at a dose of 3 mg/kg for the first 7 days of the trial. For the Cd + Lnl group, 3 mg/kg CdCl2 was applied intraperitoneally for the first 7 days of the trial, and 100 mg/kg/day Lnl was applied. Upon completion of all applications, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples and testicular tissue were taken. Cd exposure caused histopathological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and an increase in apoptotic cells in testicular tissue. However, Cd altered endocrine hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis. However, Lnl application against Cd exposure was able to regulate the negativity caused by Cd in both testicular tissue and endocrine hormone levels. In conclusion, Lnl may be a potential therapeutic strategy against Cd-induced reproductive toxicity. We believe that Lnl has a high potential for further studies to determine its detailed mechanisms of action and cellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Yalçın
- Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Batman University, Batman, Turkey.
| | - Sercan Kaya
- Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Batman University, Batman, Turkey.
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2
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Zhang Z, Wang Q, Gao X, Tang X, Xu H, Wang W, Lei X. Reproductive toxicity of cadmium stress in male animals. Toxicology 2024; 504:153787. [PMID: 38522818 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common heavy metal pollutant in the environment, and the widespread use of products containing Cd compounds in industry has led to excessive levels in the environment, which enter the animal body through the food chain, thus seriously affecting the reproductive development of animals. Related studies have reported that Cd severely affects spermatogonia development and spermatogenesis in animals. In contrast, the reproductive toxicity of Cd in males and its mechanism of action have not been clarified. Therefore, this paper reviewed the toxic effects of Cd on germ cells, spermatogonia somatic cells and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) of male animals and its toxic action mechanisms of oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy from the perspectives of cytology, genetics and neuroendocrinology. The effects of Cd stress on epigenetic modification of reproductive development in male animals were also analyzed. We hope to provide a reference for the in-depth study of the toxicity of Cd on male animal reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China
| | - Xiaoge Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China
| | - Xu Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China
| | - Huan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China.
| | - Xin Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration, Yan'an, China.
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3
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Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV. Cadmium as a male reproductive toxicant and natural and non-natural ways to tackle it: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:18340-18361. [PMID: 38349491 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a naturally occurring environmental pollutant, a toxic substance that causes oxidative stress. According to epidemiological studies, the data suggested that environmental and occupational Cd exposure may be related to several diseases and severe testicular damage. However, studies are going on to explore the mechanism of Cd-induced male reproductive toxicity and its treatment strategies. Currently, researchers are focusing on naturally occurring bioactive compounds, plant extracts, and biochemical, which have better efficacy, less toxicity, and high bioavailability. This review focuses on the mechanistic effect of Cd on testicular toxicity and different categories of compounds having a beneficial impact on Cd-induced male reproductive toxicity. Some potent bioactive antioxidants are quercetin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, curcumin, and silymarin. In comparison, plant extracts are Costus afer leaf methanol extract, methanol root extract of Carpolobia lutea, red carrot methanolic extract, Panax ginseng extract, and biochemicals including melatonin, progesterone, glutamine, L-carnitine, and selenium. Advanced and more detailed studies are needed on these compounds to explore their mechanism in attenuating Cd-induced testicular toxicity and can be potential therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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4
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Jiang Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Wu B, Li Y, Tian L, Sun J, Bai W. Mechanism of action of anthocyanin on the detoxification of foodborne contaminants-A review of recent literature. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13259. [PMID: 38284614 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Foodborne contaminants refer to substances that are present in food and threaten food safety. Due to the progress in detection technology and the rising concerns regarding public health, there has been a surge in research focusing on the dangers posed by foodborne contaminants. These studies aim to explore and implement strategies that are both safe and efficient in mitigating the associated risks. Anthocyanins, a class of flavonoids, are abundantly present in various plant species, such as blueberries, grapes, purple sweet potatoes, cherries, mulberries, and others. Numerous epidemiological and nutritional intervention studies have provided evidence indicating that the consumption of anthocyanins through dietary intake offers a range of protective effects against the detrimental impact of foodborne contaminants. The present study aims to differentiate between two distinct subclasses of foodborne contaminants: those that are generated during the processing of food and those that originate from the surrounding environment. Furthermore, the impact of anthocyanins on foodborne contaminants was also summarized based on a review of articles published within the last 10 years. However, further investigation is warranted regarding the mechanism by which anthocyanins target foodborne contaminants, as well as the potential impact of individual variations in response. Additionally, it is important to note that there is currently a dearth of clinical research examining the efficacy of anthocyanins as an intervention for mitigating the effects of foodborne pollutants. Thus, by exploring the detoxification effect and mechanism of anthocyanins on foodborne pollutants, this review thereby provides evidence, supporting the utilization of anthocyanin-rich diets as a means to mitigate the detrimental effects of foodborne contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Dongguan, PR China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Biyu Wu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Yuxi Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
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5
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Anthocyanins Prevent AAPH-Induced Steroidogenesis Disorder in Leydig Cells by Counteracting Oxidative Stress and StAR Abnormal Expression in a Structure-Dependent Manner. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020508. [PMID: 36830066 PMCID: PMC9952726 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency may increase the risk of sexual dysfunction and the failure of spermatogenesis. Oxidative stress that is derived from the destruction of homeostasis, disease, and exposure to contaminants can damage the steroidogenicity process in Leydig cells, resulting in a reduction in testosterone synthesis. Anthocyanins are a group of innoxious antioxidants widely recognized in food sources, and are an ideal candidate to relieve oxidative stress-related steroidogenesis disorder. However, there is still a major gap in our knowledge of the structure-function relationship of anthocyanin on the activity mentioned above. In the present study, four anthocyanins including cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy-3-glu), delphinidin-3-glucoside (Dp-3-glu), pelargonidin-3-glucoside (Pg-3-glu), and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside (Cy-3,5-diglu) were applied to reverse testosterone generation after employing 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH) as the inducer of oxidative stress in R2C cells. The results demonstrated that all four kinds of anthocyanins can inhibit ROS generation, alleviate mitochondrial membrane potential damage, and contribute to increased testosterone. Among them, Cy-3,5-diglu with diglycoside performed best on antioxidative ability and improved cell dysfunction and upregulated the expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). The molecular docking further revealed the direct combination between anthocyanins and StAR, suggesting that anthocyanins with monosaccharide were more likely to interact with StAR than with diglycoside. Taken together, these data indicate that recipient R2C cells under oxidative stress submitted to anthocyanins exhibited improved steroidogenesis in a structure-dependent manner. Anthocyanins could be considered the ideal ingredients against oxidative stress-induced testosterone deficiency.
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Yuan Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Li X, Jiao R, Bai W. Cholesterol-Lowering Activity of Vitisin A Is Mediated by Inhibiting Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Enhancing LDL Uptake in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043301. [PMID: 36834719 PMCID: PMC9961218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyranoanthocyanins have been reported to possess better chemical stability and bioactivities than monomeric anthocyanins in some aspects. The hypocholesterolemic activity of pyranoanthocyanins is unclear. In view of this, this study was conducted to compare the cholesterol-lowering activities of Vitisin A with the anthocyanin counterpart Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G) in HepG2 cells and to investigate the interaction of Vitisin A with the expression of genes and proteins associated with cholesterol metabolism. HepG2 cells were incubated with 40 μM cholesterol and 4 μM 25-hydroxycholeterol with various concentrations of Vitisin A or C3G for 24 h. It was found that Vitisin A decreased the cholesterol levels at the concentrations of 100 μM and 200 μM with a dose-response relationship, while C3G exhibited no significant effect on cellular cholesterol. Furthermore, Vitisin A could down-regulate 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis through a sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2)-dependent mechanism, and up-regulate low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and blunt the secretion of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) protein to promote intracellular LDL uptake without LDLR degradation. In conclusion, Vitisin A demonstrated hypocholesterolemic activity, by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis and enhancing LDL uptake in HepG2 cells.
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Bioactive Compounds in Plasma as a Function of Sex and Sweetener Resulting from a Maqui-Lemon Beverage Consumption Using Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032140. [PMID: 36768467 PMCID: PMC9917032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study analyses the effect of a beverage composed of citrus and maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) with different sweeteners on male and female consumers. Beverages were designed and tested (140 volunteers) as a source of polyphenols, in a previous work. Plasma samples were taken before and after two months of daily intake. Samples were measured for bioactive-compound levels with metabolomics techniques, and the resulting data were analysed with advanced versions of ANOVA and clustering analysis, to describe the effects of sex and sweetener factors on bioactive compounds. To improve the results, machine learning techniques were applied to perform feature selection and data imputation. The results reflect a series of compounds which are more regulated for men, such as caffeic acid or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and for women, trans ferulic acid (TFA) or naringenin glucuronide. Regulations are also observed with sweeteners, such as TFA with stevia in women, or vanillic acid with sucrose in men. These results show that there is a differential regulation of these two families of polyphenols by sex, and that this is influenced by sweeteners.
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8
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Yu M, Tang Q, Lei B, Yang Y, Xu L. Bisphenol AF Promoted the Growth of Uterus and Activated Estrogen Signaling Related Targets in Various Tissues of Nude Mice with SK-BR-3 Xenograft Tumor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15743. [PMID: 36497816 PMCID: PMC9741110 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental estrogens can promote the growth, migration, and invasion of breast cancer. However, few studies evaluate adverse health impacts of environmental estrogens on other organs of breast cancer patients. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of environmental estrogen bisphenol AF (BPAF) on the main organs of female Balb/cA nude mice with SK-BR-3 xenograft tumor by detecting the organ development and gene expression of targets associated with G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1)-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in hypothalamus, ovary, uterus, liver, and kidney. The results showed that BPAF at 20 mg/kg bw/day markedly increased the uterine weight and the uterine coefficient of nude mice compared to SK-BR-3 bearing tumor control, indicating that BPAF promoted the growth of uterus due to its estrogenic activity. Additionally, BPAF significantly up-regulated the mRNA relative expression of most targets related to nuclear estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and GPER1-mediated signaling pathways in the hypothalamus, followed by the ovary and uterus, and the least in the liver and kidney, indicating that BPAF activated different estrogen activity related targets in different tissues. In addition, BPAF markedly up-regulated the mRNA expression of GPER1 in all tested tissues, and the molecular docking showed that BPAF could dock into GPER1. Because gene change is an early event of toxicity response, these findings suggested that BPAF might aggravate the condition of breast cancer patients through exerting its estrogenic activity via the GPER1 pathway in various organs.
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Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Jing L, Fei Y, Zhao H. The Effects of Chronic Lead Exposure on Testicular Development of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica): Histopathological Damages, Oxidative Stress, Steroidogenesis Disturbance, and Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Testis Axis Disruption. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3446-3460. [PMID: 36210404 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) becomes a global public health concern for its high toxicology. Birds are sensitive to environmental pollution and Pb contamination exerts multiple negative influences on bird life. Pb also impacts on avian reproductive system. Thus, in this study, we attempted to determine toxicological effects and possible mechanistic pathways of Pb on avian testicular development by using the model species-Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Male quail chicks of 1-week-old were exposed to 0, 50, 500, and 1000 ppm Pb concentrations in drinking water for 5 weeks when reaching sexual maturation. The results showed that high Pb doses (500 and 1000 ppm) induced testis atrophy and cloacal gland shrinkage. Microstructural damages of both hypothalamus and testis indicated the disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by Pb exposure. The decrease of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) may also imply HPG axis disruption. Moreover, excess testicular oxidative damages featured by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) indicated increasing risks of reproductive dysfunction by Pb. Furthermore, increasing apoptosis and upregulation of gene expression associated with cell death suggested testicular abnormal development. In addition, molecular signaling involved with steroidogenesis in the testis was disturbed by Pb treatment. The study showed that Pb could impair testicular development and reproductive function by morphological and histological injury, hormone suppression, oxidative stress, cell death, and HPG axis disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyang Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Fei
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Avenue, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Požgajová M, Navrátilová A, Kovár M. Curative Potential of Substances with Bioactive Properties to Alleviate Cd Toxicity: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12380. [PMID: 36231680 PMCID: PMC9566368 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to alarming cadmium (Cd) pollution. Cd is a toxic heavy metal without any known physiological function in the organism, leading to severe health threat to the population. Cd has a long half-life (10-30 years) and thus it represents serious concern as it to a great extent accumulates in organs or organelles where it often causes irreversible damage. Moreover, Cd contamination might further lead to certain carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. Therefore, its negative effect on population health has to be minimalized. As Cd is able to enter the body through the air, water, soil, and food chain one possible way to defend and eliminate Cd toxicities is via dietary supplements that aim to eliminate the adverse effects of Cd to the organism. Naturally occurring bioactive compounds in food or medicinal plants with beneficial, mostly antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, or anti-tumorigenesis impact on the organism, have been described to mitigate the negative effect of various contaminants and pollutants, including Cd. This study summarizes the curative effect of recently studied bioactive substances and mineral elements capable to alleviate the negative impact of Cd on various model systems, supposing that not only the Cd-derived health threat can be reduced, but also prevention and control of Cd toxicity and elimination of Cd contamination can be achieved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Požgajová
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Alica Navrátilová
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Kovár
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
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Peniche-Pavía HA, Guzmán TJ, Magaña-Cerino JM, Gurrola-Díaz CM, Tiessen A. Maize Flavonoid Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Human Health Relevance: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165166. [PMID: 36014406 PMCID: PMC9413827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important crops for human and animal consumption and contains a chemical arsenal essential for survival: flavonoids. Moreover, flavonoids are well known for their beneficial effects on human health. In this review, we decided to organize the information about maize flavonoids into three sections. In the first section, we include updated information about the enzymatic pathway of maize flavonoids. We describe a total of twenty-one genes for the flavonoid pathway of maize. The first three genes participate in the general phenylpropanoid pathway. Four genes are common biosynthetic early genes for flavonoids, and fourteen are specific genes for the flavonoid subgroups, the anthocyanins, and flavone C-glycosides. The second section explains the tissue accumulation and regulation of flavonoids by environmental factors affecting the expression of the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional complex. The study of transcription factors of the MBW complex is fundamental for understanding how the flavonoid profiles generate a palette of colors in the plant tissues. Finally, we also include an update of the biological activities of C3G, the major maize anthocyanin, including anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects, among others. This review intends to disclose and integrate the existing knowledge regarding maize flavonoid pigmentation and its relevance in the human health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor A. Peniche-Pavía
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Irapuato, Libramiento Norte Km. 9.6, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Tereso J. Guzmán
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jesús M. Magaña-Cerino
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Av. Gregorio Méndez Magaña 2838-A, Col. Tamulté de las Barrancas, Villahermosa 86150, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carmen M. Gurrola-Díaz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, C. Sierra Mojada 950. Col. Independencia, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-33-10585200 (ext. 33930)
| | - Axel Tiessen
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Irapuato, Libramiento Norte Km. 9.6, Irapuato 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico
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12
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Hu X, Li X, Deng P, Zhang Y, Liu R, Cai D, Xu Q, Jiang X, Sun J, Bai W. The consequence and mechanism of dietary flavonoids on androgen profiles and disorders amelioration. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11327-11350. [PMID: 35796699 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2090893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Androgen is a kind of steroid hormone that plays a vital role in reproductive system and homeostasis of the body. Disrupted androgen balance serves as the causal contributor to a series of physiological disorders and even diseases. Flavonoids, as an extremely frequent family of natural polyphenols, exist widely in plants and foods and have received great attention when considering their inevitable consumption and estrogen-like effects. Mounting evidence illustrates that flavonoids have a propensity to interfere with androgen synthesis and metabolism, and also have a designated improvement effect on androgen disorders. Therefore, flavonoids were divided into six subclasses based on the structural feature in this paper, and the literature about their effects on androgens published in the past ten years was summarized. It could be concluded that flavonoids have the potential to regulate androgen levels and biological effects, mainly by interfering with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, androgen synthesis and metabolism, androgen binding with its receptors and membrane receptors, and antioxidant effects. The faced challenges about androgen regulation by flavonoids masterly include target mechanism exploration, individual heterogeneity, food matrixes interaction, and lack of clinical study. This review also provides a scientific basis for nutritional intervention using flavonoids to improve androgen disorder symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Pan Deng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruijing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Based Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Dongbao Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qingjie Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Wang X, Li X, Liu Y, Jiang X, Wu L, Liu R, Jin R, Zhou N, Cao C, Hu X, Xu B, Tong X, Bai W, Bai S. Cyanidin-3-Ο-glucoside supplementation in cryopreservation medium improves human sperm quality. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14493. [PMID: 35671952 DOI: 10.1111/and.14493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the cryopreservation of human spermatozoa must overcome the adverse effects of excessive oxidation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of cryopreservation medium with cyanidin-3-Ο-glucoside (C3G) on sperm quality. Semen samples were obtained from men with normozoospermia according to WHO criteria (n = 39). The sperm parameter values were compared after cryopreservation in medium supplemented with and without C3G.Compared with the control group (without additive), low doses (50 μM and 100 μM) of C3G improved sperm viability and motility and decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) of spermatozoa, while high doses (200 μM) of C3G did not obviously enhance sperm quality. The amount of DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and high DNA stainability (HDS) after freezing were higher in the control group than in the C3G supplementation groups. Low-concentration C3G supplementation (50 μM) was negatively correlated with sperm ROS levels (r = -0.2, p = 0.03). Collectively, our findings suggest that C3G could be an efficient semen cryoprotectant that ameliorates oxidative stress in human sperm during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixun Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Wu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Liu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Rentao Jin
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Naru Zhou
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Tong
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Bai
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Jeng HA, Sikdar S, Huang YL, Pan CH. Mixture analysis of associations between exposure to low levels of multiple metals and semen quality and sperm DNA integrity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:318-326. [PMID: 35389820 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2061256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the association of exposure to metal mixtures with semen quality and sperm DNA integrity of coke oven workers (n = 96). Urinary six metals (cadmium, lead, arsenic, zinc, selenium, and copper) were quantified using inductively coupled-mass spectrometry. Semen quality parameters included sperm concentration, sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and sperm viability. Sperm DNA fragmentation and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) adducts served as biomarkers for assessing sperm DNA integrity. Bayesian kernel machine regression with the hierarchical variable selection process was used for analyzing both individual and joint effects of the metal mixture on the outcomes of semen samples, while adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, job length, and body mass index. The metal mixture was associated with reduced sperm concentration, motility, viability, and normal morphology. It was novel that a dose-response relationship was observed between exposure of the metal mixture and semen quality. Among the metals tested, cadmium had a reverse relationship with sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology, and a non-linear relationship with sperm viability and sperm motility. The metal mixture and individual metals were not associated with sperm DNA fragmentation and 8-oxodGuo. In conclusion, exposure to metal mixtures and cadmium may exert an association with semen quality and had no association with sperm DNA breakages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hueiwang Anna Jeng
- School of Community and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Sinjini Sikdar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Yeou-Lih Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hon Pan
- Institute of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Labor, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Feng R, Zheng P, Huang H, Zhou S, Ji W, Huang F, Liu H, Zhang G. Cadmium induces testosterone synthesis disorder by testicular cell damage via TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway leading to reduced sexual behavior in piglets. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113345. [PMID: 35219259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal pollutant that can endanger the life and health of animals. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can result in testicular cell damage by positively regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Meanwhile, Testosterone (T) synthesis disorder can affect sexual behavior. However, the harmful influence of Cd on animal sexual behavior during its growth and development and the role of TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in testicular cell damage and testosterone production remained poorly understood. Forty-two-day-old male piglets were fed with diets that contained CdCl2 (20 mg Cd/kg) for 40 days to explore the toxic effects of Cd on sexual behavior. The results showed that Cd activated TLR4, promoted MAPK (p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38)/NF-κB expression, induced apoptosis (Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase3, Bax, Cyt-c, and Caspase-9 expression increased, but Bcl-2 expression decreased) and necroptosis (MLKL, RIPK1, and RIPK3 expression increased) in piglet testis. In addition, Cd exposure decreased mRNA expression of STAR, CYP11A1, 3β-HSD, CYP17A1, and 17β-HSD of testis and the concentrations of T and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of the major genes in TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, apoptosis signaling pathway, and necroptosis signaling pathway increased significantly and the expression levels of testosterone decreased gradually in pig Leydig cells cultured in vitro after being treated with different concentrations of Cd. Moreover, Cd reduced sexual behavior (the parameters of sniffing, chin resting, and mounting decreased) in piglets. In conclusion, Cd induced testicular cell damage via TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway leading to testosterone synthesis disorder and sexual behavior reduction in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Rui Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Peng Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - He Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Sitong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wenbo Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Fushuo Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Guixue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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16
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Yang D, Ran Y, Li X, Jiang X, Chen J, Sun J, Tian L, Teerds K, Bai W. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside ameliorates cadmium induced uterine epithelium proliferation in mice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127571. [PMID: 34986559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant and endocrine disrupter, abundantly present in water, food, and soil. Accumulation of Cd in the body can negatively affect female reproduction; especially the uterus is exceptionally sensitive to the toxic actions of Cd. The anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound in fruits and plants that can antagonize the toxic effects of Cd. This capacity makes C3G a possible candidate to prevent Cd-induced female infertility. The present study aimed to investigate: 1) whether C3G intake could prevent Cd-induced female reproductive toxicity, and 2) the underlying mechanisms responsible for this protective effect. The results of our study indicated that Cd exposure did not affect ovarian function, but induced hypertrophy of the uterine endometrium. Oral intake of C3G markedly reduced the effects of Cd exposure on the thickness of the uterine epithelium cells. Transcriptomic analysis of the endometrium revealed that C3G intake had anti-estrogenic effects, attenuating Cd-induced endometrial epithelial cell proliferation by inhibiting estrogen-responsive genes, enhancing epithelial progesterone receptor expression, and regulating Klf4 expression. The current findings implicate that C3G has the potential to be used as a dietary supplement based on its capacity to intervene in Cd-induced female reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dacheng Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; Department of Bioengineering, College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Yanhong Ran
- Department of Bioengineering, College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Katia Teerds
- Department of Animal Sciences, Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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Black Elder and Its Constituents: Molecular Mechanisms of Action Associated with Female Reproduction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020239. [PMID: 35215351 PMCID: PMC8877800 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review summarizes the current knowledge concerning provenance, properties, physiological and therapeutic actions of elderberry and the bioactive molecules present in the plant, with emphasis on their action on female reproduction. Elderberry or black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) attracts attention due to its easy cultivation and high availability of bioactive compounds. Most of the available data concerning black elder’s therapeutic action are focused on its effects such as activation of immune processes and anti-inflammatory processes (cytokine production, etc.) and regulation of hormones and their receptors in cancer cells. The effects of elderberry on reproduction have been poorly investigated so far. Nevertheless, conducted studies so far demonstrate the stimulatory influence of black elder extract and its constituents, such as rutin, anthocyanins and agglutinins, on the viability and steroidogenesis of healthy ovarian cells as well as their ability to promote apoptosis and reduce the viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, the action of black elder extract and its constituent biomolecules, such as anthocyanins and lectins, on embryogenesis and the embryonal estradiol-estradiol receptor system have also been reported. The available information, despite limitations, suggest the applicability of black elder constituents for improvement of reproductive processes in animal biotechnology, animal production and assisted reproduction, as well as for prevention and treatment of reproductive disorders (including cancer) in veterinary and human medicine.
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Yang Y, Zuo Z, Yang Z, Yin H, Wei L, Fang J, Guo H, Cui H, Ouyang P, Chen X, Chen J, Geng Y, Chen Z, Huang C, Zhu Y, Liu W. Nickel chloride induces spermatogenesis disorder by testicular damage and hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis disruption in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112718. [PMID: 34478984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a common environmental pollutant, nickel chloride (NiCl2) poses serious threat to human and animals health. NiCl2 has adverse effects on reproductive function in male, however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully illuminated. In this study, 64 male ICR mice were divided into four groups (8 mice per each period/ group), in which mice orally administrated with 0, 7.5, 15 or 30 mg/kg body weight for 14 or 28 consecutive days, respectively. The results showed that the sperm concentration (12.95%, 29.78% and 37.63% -) and sperm motility (19.79%, 34.88% and 43.10%) were dose-dependent significantly reduced, and the total sperm malformation rates (110.15%, 206.84% and 292.27%) were dose-dependent significantly elevated in the 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg NiCl2 treatment groups (vs control at 28 days), respectively (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, NiCl2 also decreased the relative weights of testis and epididymis and caused histopathological lesions of testis and epididymis. Furthermore, serum testosterone levels were significantly decreased after NiCl2 treatment. And the findings showed that NiCl2 down-regulated the expression of LH-R, StAR, P450scc, 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD, ABP and INHβB in the testis, however, the relative genes in the hypothalamus (Kiss-1, GPR54 and GnRH) and pituitary (GnRH-R, LHβ and FSHβ) did not exhibit noticeable change. In summary, NiCl2 induced spermatogenesis disorder by testicular damage and hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis disruption in mice, and only impaired the genes on the testis of HPT axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zhuangzhi Yang
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Heng Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Ling Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jing Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Xia Chen
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jian Chen
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Wentao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
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20
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Jia Z, Yang F, Liu X, Zhang X, Hu W, Sheng Z. The n-butanol fraction of the Xiao-Chai-Hu decoction alleviates the endocrine disturbance in the liver of mice exposed to lead. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114381. [PMID: 34197961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lead is a toxic heavy metal that causes health risks globally. However, the mechanism of endocrine poisoning and detoxification of lead poisoning, especially in the liver, still needs to be studied. Xiao-Chai-Hu decoction (XCHD) is regarded as an antidote and an anti-hepatotoxic traditional prescription that has been recorded in the pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to probe the hepatoprotective activity of XCHD in the regulation of endocrine dysfunction in the liver and its molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mice from the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) were exposed to different concentrations of XCHD and lead. Then, serum biochemical indices and liver pathology were analyzed. The key differential genes were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS According to the biochemical and histopathological analysis, XCHD-NBA was the most effective in attenuating lead-induced hepatotoxicity. From the transcriptome, we analyzed the key genes of XCHD-NBA in the regulation of lead toxicity, including Tubb2a, Stip1, Cyp4a12a, Cyp2c50, Ugt1a1, Cyp3a11, Cyp4a12b, Ahsa1, Cyp2c54, Tubb4b, Esr1, Hsp90aa1, Tuba1a, Tuba1c, and Hsph1. We also analyzed the main components of XCHD-NBA by LC-MS. Because of their extensive role in regulating the endocrine function, baicalin and glycyrrhizin were identified as the main active components of XCHD in regulating endocrine disorders caused by lead. CONCLUSIONS Lead can disturb the endocrine regulatory process of the liver, while XCHD-NBA alleviates lead-induced liver injury by regulating the endocrine regulatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Wanjun Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zunlai Sheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, PR China.
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21
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Physiological Roles of Red Carrot Methanolic Extract and Vitamin E to Abrogate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Challenge and Apoptosis in Rat Testes: Involvement of the Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111653. [PMID: 34829524 PMCID: PMC8615202 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise analysis of the contents of the red carrot is still ambiguous and its role in the maintenance of male fertility needs to be further reconnoitered. Hence, this study targets the physiological impacts of either red carrot methanolic extract (RCME) or vitamin E (Vit. E), co-administrated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on rat testes, specifically those concerned with apoptosis and oxidative challenge. Four groups of adult male rats (n = 12) are used; control, CdCl2, CdCl2 + Vit. E and CdCl2 + RCME. LC-MS analysis of RCME reveals the presence of 20 different phytochemical compounds. Our data clarify the deleterious effects of CdCl2 on testicular weights, semen quality, serum hormonal profile, oxidative markers and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Histopathological changes in testicular, prostatic and semen vesicle glandular tissues are also observed. Interestingly, our data clearly demonstrate that co-administration of either RCME or Vit. E with CdCl2 significantly succeeded in the modulation (p < 0.05) of all of these negative effects. The most striking is that they were potent enough to modulate the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio as well as having the ability to correct the impaired semen picture, oxidant status and hormonal profile. Thus, RCME and Vit. E could be used as effective prophylactic treatments to protect the male reproductive physiology against CdCl2 insult.
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22
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Dietary Fiber Modulates the Fermentation Patterns of Cyanidin-3- O-Glucoside in a Fiber-Type Dependent Manner. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061386. [PMID: 34208433 PMCID: PMC8235204 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions between cell-wall polysaccharides and polyphenols in the gastrointestinal tract have attracted extensive attention. We hypothesized that dietary fiber modulates the fermentation patterns of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in a fiber-type-dependent manner. In the present study, the effects of four dietary fibers (fructose-oligosaccharides, pectin, β-glucan and arabinoxylan) on the modulation of C3G fermentation patterns were investigated through in vitro fermentation inoculated with human feces. The changes in gas volume, pH, total carbohydrate content, metabolites of C3G, antioxidant activity, and microbial community distribution during in vitro fermentation were analyzed. After 24 h of fermentation, the gas volume and total carbohydrate contents of the four dietary-fiber-supplemented groups respectively increased and decreased to varying degrees. The results showed that the C3G metabolites after in vitro fermentation mainly included cyanidin, protocatechuic acid, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid, and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde. Supplementation of dietary fibers changed the proportions of C3G metabolites depending on the structures. Dietary fibers increased the production of short-chain fatty acids and the relative abundance of gut microbiota Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, thus potentially maintaining colonic health to a certain extent. In conclusion, the used dietary fibers modulate the fermentation patterns of C3G in a fiber-type-dependent manner.
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Hernández-Rodríguez J, Arenas-Ríos E, Jiménez-Morales I, Cortés-Barberena E, Montes S, Vigueras-Villaseñor RM, Arteaga-Silva M. Postnatal cadmium administration affects the presence and distribution of carbohydrates in the sperm membrane during maturation in the epididymis in adult Wistar rats. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:349-362. [PMID: 33602388 DOI: 10.1071/rd20167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal related to a decrease in sperm parameters. The transit of spermatozoa through the epididymis is necessary to generate changes in the sperm membrane, such as the assembly of various carbohydrates that are added to the spermatazoan's surface to prepare it for successful fertilisation of the oocyte. No studies have yet analysed whether Cd alters the presence and distribution of these carbohydrates. We aimed to evaluate the changes induced by Cd in the distribution pattern of N-acetylglucosamine, sialic acid, mannose and fucose on the sperm membrane in the epididymis (e.g. caput, corpus, cauda) and if it alters the epididymal epithelium. Male Wistar pups were treated with Cd doses (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5mg/kg) on postnatal days 1-49. At postnatal day 90, they were humanely killed, sperm samples were obtained from the epididymis and tissue samples were taken for histological analysis. Cd concentrations in the blood and epididymis increased in proportion to the dose administered and decreased the serum testosterone levels and sperm quality. Histological analysis revealed alterations in the epithelium in all Cd-treated groups. Cd altered the distribution patterns of carbohydrates and fluorescence indices. All these alterations affected the structure and functioning of sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Hernández-Rodríguez
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edith Arenas-Ríos
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Irma Jiménez-Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edith Cortés-Barberena
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sergio Montes
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Col. La Fama, C.P. 14269, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosa María Vigueras-Villaseñor
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, C.P. 14370, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marcela Arteaga-Silva
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, México; and Corresponding author.
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Li X, Li H, Cai D, Li P, Jin J, Jiang X, Li Z, Tian L, Chen G, Sun J, Bai W. Chronic oral exposure to cadmium causes liver inflammation by NLRP3 inflammasome activation in pubertal mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 148:111944. [PMID: 33359024 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially toxic trace element frequently existed in foods, water, and air, threatening liver function from its continuous bioaccumulation and induction of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the hepatotoxicity of Cd during puberty remains unclear. In this study, pubertal mice were given cadmium chloride at a dose of 5.0 mg/kg·bw by gavage, and the liver damage was investigated at different treatment points of 10, 20, and 30 days. After Cd exposure, there is an obvious inflammatory hepatocyte infiltration accompanied by more apoptotic cells at 20 days and an increase in alanine aminotransferases and aspartate aminotransferases in circulation at 30 days. Additionally, the soaring TNF-α and MCP-1 were found in liver, and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-18) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-13) were both significantly upregulated. Moreover, the activated M1 and M2 macrophages were confirmed in charge of these cytokines release. Most importantly, the data validated a pivotal role of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in Cd-induced inflammation in liver at puberty. Collectively, our results suggested that low-dose Cd oral exposure can cause liver inflammation via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and give rise to severe liver injury at puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Haiwei Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Dongbao Cai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jietian Jin
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute and School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute and School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Guobing Chen
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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Grífols R, Zamora C, Ortega-Saez I, Azkona G. Postweaning Grouping as a Strategy to Reduce Singly Housed Male Mice. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112135. [PMID: 33212955 PMCID: PMC7698342 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is important to raise laboratory mice in stable groups. However, sometimes we can find litters with only one male. Unfortunately, age is a factor to consider when grouping a newly weaned mouse with other males due to inter-male aggressiveness. Our results showed that CD1 and SCID Beige newly weaned males can be safely grouped with juvenile and pubescent mice. However, only juvenile C57BL/6J will accept a newly weaned mouse as a new member of the group. This strategy could be helpful to reduce the number of singly housed male mice used for scientific purposes. Abstract Rearing laboratory mice in groups is important since social isolation after weaning induces brain alterations, which entails behavioral abnormalities in adulthood. Age is an important factor when grouping males of different litters due to inter-male aggressiveness. The aim of this study was to determine whether newly weaned mice could safely be grouped with late juvenile or early and late pubescent mice, and whether cage cleaning, the number of the hosting group members and testosterone plasma levels have any influence. Newly weaned C57BL/6J, CD1, and SCID Beige male mice were systematically grouped with same strain late juvenile, early or late pubescent male mice in clean or dirty cages of 1, 2 or 3 hosting members. We also analyzed plasma testosterone levels at different postnatal days. Our result showed that only strain and hosting male’s age influence agonistic behavior toward newly weaned mice. Thus, in order not to house a recently weaned male alone, we would recommend grouping it with late juvenile same strain mice in all studied strains. In the same way, CD1 and SCID Beige pubescent mice will admit a newly weaned mouse in their group. However, we would not recommend grouping newly weaned and pubescent C57BL/6J males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Grífols
- Charles River Laboratories in PRBB, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (C.Z.)
| | - Carolina Zamora
- Charles River Laboratories in PRBB, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.); (C.Z.)
| | - Iván Ortega-Saez
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB) Animal Facility, Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Garikoitz Azkona
- Department of Basic Psychological Processes and Their Development, School of Psychology, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Tolosa Hiribidea, 70, 20018 Donostia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-943-015-437
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Chen X, Feng H, El-Kott AF, Abd-Ella EM. Origanum vulgare L. leaves extract alleviates testis and sperm damages induced by finasteride: Biochemical, Immunohistological and apoptosis genes based evidences. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13823. [PMID: 32966695 DOI: 10.1111/and.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Origanum vulgare on finasteride-induced oxidative injury in mouse testis and sperm parameters. Thirty BALB/c mice were divided into 5 groups: negative control, received 0.5 ml/day distilled water; positive control, received 25 mg/kg finasteride orally; and three groups received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day O. vulgare extract plus 25 mg kg-1 day-1 finasteride for 35 days. At day 36, serum luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β), glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide levels were assessed. Also, apoptotic changes investigated through genes expression and immunohistochemical staining. Finasteride in 35 days resulted in significant destructive alterations in the testis architecture, suppressed antioxidant enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation. The expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, whereas p53 and caspase-3 were up-regulated. Origanum vulgare improved the serum level of hormones and restored the antioxidant defence. 200 and 400 mg/kg/day of O. vulgare alleviated the testis structure and sperm parameters, up-regulated the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and down-regulated the p53, caspase-3 genes in treated groups. The findings indicate that O. vulgare extract improved function and structure of testis tissue against finasteride-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Chen
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, China.,College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, China
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Eman M Abd-Ella
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.,Biology Department, College of Science and Art, Al-Baha University, Al-Mandaq, Saudi Arabia
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Li X, Zhang L, Peng Z, Zhao Y, Wu K, Zhou N, Yan Y, Ramaswamy HS, Sun J, Bai W. The impact of ultrasonic treatment on blueberry wine anthocyanin color and its In-vitro anti-oxidant capacity. Food Chem 2020; 333:127455. [PMID: 32653683 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) has been recognized as a non-thermal technology for accelerating blueberry wine aging for flavor development. However, influence of US on anthocyanin and color characteristics is uncertain. In this study, US was applied to new blueberry wine, and changes in color characteristics, anthocyanin content and anti-oxidant capacity were evaluated at early stage of aging period. Low-frequency power US resulted in an improvement in color characteristics and lower chromatic aberration as compared to untreated samples, specially at condition of 180 W, 20 min and 2 cycles. Furthermore, this contribution was attributed to unattenuated anthocyanins protected from US stress. Importantly, the structural polarity dependence was mediated by the impact of US on anthocyanins. Additionally, anti-oxidant activity of blueberry wine was not adversely affected under a moderate US condition. US treatment of blueberry wine was therefore considered to significantly enhance the color presentation, hinting at the possibility of promoting blueberry wine aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Ziyao Peng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Kaiyun Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yin Yan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | | | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
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Li X, Yao Z, Yang D, Jiang X, Sun J, Tian L, Hu J, Wu B, Bai W. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside restores spermatogenic dysfunction in cadmium-exposed pubertal mice via histone ubiquitination and mitigating oxidative damage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 387:121706. [PMID: 31796358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant found in soil, water, and food, and can cause oxidative stress and male reproductive damage. During puberty, the male reproductive system is very vulnerable to interference, however, the dysregulation of Cd on spermatogenesis in this period is ambiguous. The anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is phytochemical rich in plants and fruits and has been shown to have remarkable anti-oxidant activity, making it an ideal nutrient for nutritional intervention. By modeling Cd-induced damage in male pubertal mice and feeding with C3G, we demonstrated that the C3G could rescue the amount and activity of sperm predominantly. Furthermore, C3G showed partial resistance to Cd-induced histone modification during spermiogenesis and prevented oxidative damage of the DNA in the sperm nucleus. Additionally, C3G mitigated the oxidative stress of testis to achieve the level coinciding with the control group. Meanwhile, Cd-induced mitochondrial apoptosis of sperm cells was reduced significantly via the MAPK signaling pathway in the presence of C3G. Collectively, our findings can offer a potential intervention for combating Cd-induced reproductive damage during puberty by taking anthocyanin as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Zilan Yao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Dacheng Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Biyu Wu
- Department of Human, Nutrition, Food and Animal Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96816, USA
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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Fang Y, Zhang L, Dong X, Wang H, He L, Zhong S. Downregulation of vdac2 inhibits spermatogenesis via JNK and P53 signalling in mice exposed to cadmium. Toxicol Lett 2020; 326:114-122. [PMID: 32199951 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the reproductive toxicity of cadmium (Cd); however, the effect of Cd on spermatogenesis and the underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. In this study, mouse Leydig TM3 cells were treated with CdCl2 (0, 5, 10 and 50 μM) for 24 h to evaluate cytotoxicity, and C57BL/6 mice were treated intragastrically with 0.4 mL CdCl2 (0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g/L) for 2 months to investigate changes in spermatogenesis. The results showed that Cd aggravated apoptosis and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, concomitant with deteriorated spermatogenesis and testosterone synthesis. For mechanism exploration, RNA-seq was used to profile alterations in gene expression in response to Cd, and the results indicated focus on P53/JNK signalling pathways and membrane proteins. We found that P53/JNK signalling pathways were activated upon Cd treatment, with the Cd-triggered downregulation of the vdac2 gene. P53/JNK pathway blockade ameliorated the Cd-induced inhibition of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) expression and testosterone synthesis. Additionally, vdac2 knockdown in TM3 cells contributed to the phosphorylation of JNK/P53 and reduced the testosterone content. Vdac2 overexpression rescued the aforementioned Cd-induced events. Collectively, our study identified an innovative biomarker of Cd exposure in mice. The results demonstrated that vdac2 downregulation inhibits spermatogenesis via the JNK/P53 cascade. This finding may contribute to our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of Cd reproductive toxicity and provide a candidate list for sperm abnormality factors and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lang Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li He
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Improvement of Testicular Steroidogenesis Using Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids for Prevention of Late-Onset Male Hypogonadism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030237. [PMID: 32183155 PMCID: PMC7139932 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen production, being important for male fertility, is mainly accomplished by the Leydig cells from the interstitial compartment of the testis. Testosterone plays a critical role in testis development, normal masculinization, and the maintenance of spermatogenesis. Within seminiferous tubules, appropriate Sertoli cell function is highly dependent on testicular androgen levels and is essential to initiate and maintain spermatogenesis. During aging, testosterone production by the testicular Leydig cells declines from the 30s in humans at a rate of 1% per year. This review outlines the recent findings regarding the use of flavonoids and isoflavonoids to improve testosterone production, contributing to normal spermatogenesis and preventing age-related degenerative diseases associated with testosterone deficiency. With the cumulation of information on the actions of different flavonoids and isoflavonoids on steroidogenesis in Leydig cells, we can now draw conclusions regarding the structure-activity relationship on androgen production. Indeed, flavonoids having a 5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one backbone tend to increase the expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), being critical for the entry of cholesterol into the mitochondria, leading to increased testosterone production from testis Leydig cells. Therefore, flavonoids and isoflavonoids such as chrysin, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, and daidzein may be effective in delaying the initiation of late-onset hypogonadism associated with aging in males.
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31
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Fang Y, Xiang Y, Lu X, Dong X, Zhang J, Zhong S. Epigenetic dysregulation of Mdr1b in the blood-testis barrier contributes to dyszoospermia in mice exposed to cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110142. [PMID: 31911389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been reported to induce reproductive toxicity. Recent study indicated that aberrant epigenetic regulation of Multidrug resistance 1b (Mdr1b) causes xenobiotic efflux failure at the blood-testis barrier (BTB). However, whether Mdr1b dysregulation is involved in Cd-mediated dyszoospermia and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In this study, mice were intragastrically administered 0 or 2.5 mg/kg CdCl2 every other day for 2 months to investigate changes in spermatogenesis and epigenetic regulation of Mdr1b. Mouse Leydig cells TM3 were cultured to detect Mdr1b expression localization. We found that the Cd group revealed BTB disruption concomitant with obvious sperm abnormity and dynamic impairment. Hypermethylation and decreased nuclear factor Ya (Nfya) recruitment to the Mdr1b promoter were correlated with low sperm motility in response to Cd. In conclusion, these findings provide in vivo evidence that epigenetic dysregulation of Mdr1b in the BTB is a potential cause of dyszoospermia upon Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, Hubei, China.
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shan Zhong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
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Zhao L, Huang F, Hui AL, Shen GX. Bioactive Components and Health Benefits of Saskatoon Berry. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3901636. [PMID: 32509879 PMCID: PMC7245660 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3901636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the recent rise in numbers of diabetes patients, many treatments have been developed; but currently, oral antihyperglycemic agents and insulin are still the main clinical treatments. Since current drugs have limitations and harmful side effects, research in alternative treatments has been sought. This article reviews recent research updates of Saskatoon berries (SB), covering its background information, its main active ingredients, its structure, and its function. Flavonoid compounds in Saskatoon berries, in particular flavanol, anthocyanin, and proanthocyanin, possess anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antidiabetes impacts. The current review synthesizes the latest research on the health benefits of Saskatoon berry in a variety of domains. With further research, SB has the potential to help treat and prevent diabetes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunan Zhao
- Mansfield College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TF, UK
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3P4
| | - Amy Leung Hui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3P4
| | - Garry X. Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3P4
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Huang Y, Zhu J, Li H, Wang W, Li Y, Yang X, Zheng N, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Liu J. Cadmium exposure during prenatal development causes testosterone disruption in multigeneration via SF-1 signaling in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Afzal M, Redha A, AlHasan R. Anthocyanins Potentially Contribute to Defense against Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2019; 24:E4255. [PMID: 31766696 PMCID: PMC6930593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ANTs) are plant pigments that belong to a flavanol class of polyphenols and have diverse pharmacological properties. These compounds are primarily found in fruits and vegetables, with an average daily intake of 180 mgd-1 of these compounds in the developed world. ANTs are potent antioxidants that might regulate the free radical-mediated generation of amyloid peptides (Abeta-amyloids) in the brain, which causes Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study presents a literature review of ANTs from different berries and their potential therapeutic value, with particular emphasis on neurodegenerative AD, which owing to oxidative stress. This review also highlights reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through energy metabolism, nitrogen reactive species, the role of transition metals in generating ROS, and the radical-quenching mechanisms of natural antioxidants, including ANTs. The current status of the bioavailability, solubility, and structure activity relationship of ANTs is discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Afzal
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat-13060, Kuwait; (A.R.); (R.A.)
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