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Wang X, Chen H, Jiang J, Ma J. Hesperidin Alleviates Hepatic Injury Caused by Deoxynivalenol Exposure through Activation of mTOR and AKT/GSK3β/TFEB Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14349-14363. [PMID: 38869217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common agricultural mycotoxin that is chemically stable and not easily removed from cereal foods. When organisms consume food made from contaminated crops, it can be hazardous to their health. Numerous studies in recent years have found that hesperidin (HDN) has hepatoprotective effects on a wide range of toxins. However, few scholars have explored the potential of HDN in attenuating DON-induced liver injury. In this study, we established a low-dose DON exposure model and intervened with three doses of HDN, acting on male C57 BL/6 mice and AML12 cells, which served as in vivo and in vitro models, respectively, to investigate the protective mechanism of HDN against DON exposure-induced liver injury. The results suggested that DON disrupted hepatic autophagic fluxes, thereby impairing liver structure and function, and HDN significantly attenuated these changes. Further studies revealed that HDN alleviated DON-induced excessive autophagy through the mTOR pathway and DON-induced lysosomal dysfunction through the AKT/GSK3β/TFEB pathway. Overall, our study suggested that HDN could ameliorate DON-induced autophagy flux disorders via the mTOR pathway and the AKT/GSK3β/TFEB pathway, thereby reducing liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Junze Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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Bierworth RM, Ribeiro GO, Terry SA, Malmuthuge N, Penner GB, McKinnon JJ, Hucl P, Randhawa H, Beauchemin KA, Stanford K, Schwartzkopf-Genswein K, Yang WZ, Gruninger R, Guan LL, Gibb D, McAllister TA. High deoxynivalenol and ergot alkaloid levels in wheat grain: effects on growth performance, carcass traits, rumen fermentation, and blood parameters of feedlot cattle. Mycotoxin Res 2024:10.1007/s12550-024-00534-5. [PMID: 38698149 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the impacts of a mixture of deoxynivalenol (DON) and ergot alkaloids (EAs) on growth performance, rumen function, blood parameters, and carcass traits of feedlot cattle. Forty steers (450 ± 6.0 kg) were stratified by weight and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments; control-low (CON-L), control-high (CON-H) which contained low or high wheat screenings that lacked mycotoxins at the same level as the mycotoxin-low (MYC-L; 5.0 mg/kg DON, 2.1 mg/kg EA), and mycotoxin-high (MYC-H: 10 mg/kg DON, 4.2 mg/kg EA) diets that included wheat screening with mycotoxins. Steers were housed in individual pens for a 112-day finishing trial. Intake was 24.8% lower (P < 0.001) for MYC steers compared to CON steers. As a result, average daily gains of MYC steers were 42.1% lower (P < 0.001) than CON steers. Gain to feed ratio was also lower (P < 0.001) for MYC steers compared to CON steers. Platelets, alanine aminotransferase, globulins, and blood urea nitrogen were lower (P ≤ 0.008), and lymphocytes, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were elevated (P ≤ 0.002) in MYC steers compared to CON steers. Hot carcass weights and backfat thickness were reduced (P < 0.001) in MYC steers, resulting in leaner (P < 0.001) carcasses and higher (P < 0.007) meat yield compared to CON steers. Results suggest that a mixture of DON and EAs negatively impacted health, performance, and carcass traits of feedlot steers, with the majority of this response likely attributable to EAs. However, more research is needed to distinguish the relative contribution of each mycotoxin to the specific responses observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Bierworth
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - G O Ribeiro
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - S A Terry
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - N Malmuthuge
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - G B Penner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - J J McKinnon
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - P Hucl
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - H Randhawa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - K A Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - K Stanford
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - K Schwartzkopf-Genswein
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - W Z Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - R Gruninger
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada
| | - L L Guan
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life, and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - D Gibb
- Gowan's Feed Consulting, Raymond, AB, T0K 2S0, Canada
| | - T A McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, T1K 4B1, Canada.
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Wang L, Li Z, An S, Zhu H, Li X, Gao D. Malus baccata (Linn.) Borkh polyphenols-loaded nanoparticles ameliorate intestinal health by modulating intestinal function and gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126233. [PMID: 37573904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct the nanoparticles based on Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides and mucin for encapsulation of the polyphenols from Malus baccata (Linn.) Borkh (MBP-MC-HSP NPs), and investigate their effects on intestinal function and gut microbiota in mice. The results showed that MBP-MC-HSP NPs did not have any toxic and side effect by determining organ indexes and hematological parameters. The colonic index, colonic length as well as colonic histology were significantly improved by treatment of MBP-MC-HSP NPs. Moreover, MBP-MC-HSP NPs could increase the fecal moisture (84.71 %) and accelerate the intestinal peristalsis (77.87 %), thus reducing the defecation time (1.68 h) of mice at certain extent. Through production of acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, MBP-MC-HSP NPs remarkably decreased the pH of colonic feces to maintain intestinal health. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that MBP-MC-HSP NPs could improve the abundances of Lactobacillus, Butyicicoccus and Ruminococcus and suppress the richness of Prevotella, Bifidobacterium and Desulfovibrio, thereby optimizing the structure and composition of gut microbiota. Furthermore, the metabolic profiles of gut microbiota were influenced by MBP-MC-HSP NPs based on prediction of KEGG and COG databases. Overall, this study suggests that MBP-MC-HSP NPs can be developed and utilized as probiotics in the nutritional food field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Siying An
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Huipeng Zhu
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Dawei Gao
- Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Nano-biotechnology Key Lab of Hebei Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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Wang P, Yao Q, Meng X, Yang X, Wang X, Lu Q, Liu A. Effective protective agents against organ toxicity of deoxynivalenol and their detoxification mechanisms: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114121. [PMID: 37890761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in feed, which causes organ toxicity in animals. Therefore, reducing DON-induced organ toxicity can now be accomplished effectively using protective agents. This review provides an overview of multiple studies on a wide range of protective agents and their molecular mechanisms against DON organ toxicity. Protective agents include plant extracts, yeast products, bacteria, peptides, enzymes, H2, oligosaccharides, amino acids, adsorbents, vitamins and selenium. Among these, biological detoxification of DON using microorganisms to reduce the toxicity of DON without affecting the growth performance of pigs may be the most promising detoxification strategy. This paper also evaluates future developments related to DON detoxification and discusses the detoxification role and application potential of protective agents. This paper provides new perspectives for future research and development of safe and effective feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Wang
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Qin Yao
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Xiangwen Meng
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China
| | - Qirong Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, PR China
| | - Aimei Liu
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, PR China.
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Cai Z, Chen F, Wang Y, Wang X, Yang X, Zhang C. Lycopene Maintains Mitochondrial Homeostasis to Counteract the Enterotoxicity of Deoxynivalenol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1958. [PMID: 38001811 PMCID: PMC10669674 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a target organ for Deoxynivalenol (DON) absorption and toxicity. Mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance is the gut toxicity mechanism of DON. Lycopene (LYC) has intestinal protective effects and can maintain mitochondrial homeostasis in response to various danger signals. The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect of LYC on DON-induced IPEC-J2 cells damage. These results showed that DON exposure induced an increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IPEC-J2 cells. DON impaired IPEC-J2 cell barrier function and caused mitochondrial dysfunction by inducing mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) reducing, destroying mitochondrial fission factors, mitochondrial fusion factors, and mitophagy factors expression. However, adding LYC can reduce the toxic effects of DON-induced IPEC-J2 cells and decrease cellular oxidative stress, functional damage, mitochondrial dynamics imbalance, and mitophagy processes. In conclusion, LYC maintains mitochondrial homeostasis to counteract the IPEC-J2 cells' toxicity of DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihui Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Youshuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, No.15 Longzihu University Park, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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6
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Ruan H, Huang Y, Yue B, Zhang Y, Lv J, Miao K, Zhang D, Luo J, Yang M. Insights into the intestinal toxicity of foodborne mycotoxins through gut microbiota: A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4758-4785. [PMID: 37755064 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins, which are fungal metabolites, pose a significant global food safety concern by extensively contaminating food and feed, thereby seriously threatening public health and economic development. Many foodborne mycotoxins exhibit potent intestinal toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying mycotoxin-induced intestinal toxicity are diverse and complex, and effective prevention or treatment methods for this condition have not yet been established in clinical and animal husbandry practices. In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the intestinal toxicity mechanisms of six common foodborne mycotoxins. It also explores novel toxicity mechanisms through the "key gut microbiota-key metabolites-key targets" axis, utilizing multiomics and precision toxicology studies with a specific focus on gut microbiota. Additionally, we examine the potential beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on mycotoxin-induced toxicity based on initial gut microbiota-mediated mycotoxicity. This review offers a systematic description of how mycotoxins impact gut microbiota, metabolites, and genes or proteins, providing valuable insights for subsequent toxicity studies of mycotoxins. Furthermore, it lays a theoretical foundation for preventing and treating intestinal toxicity caused by mycotoxins and advancing food safety practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Binyang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Miao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaoyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Sun C, Yang F, Xiao J, Zhou W, Li J, Gu X. Simulating ozone degradation of deoxynivalenol and its bio-safety assessment by mouse model. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1286503. [PMID: 37965553 PMCID: PMC10642302 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1286503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a trichothecene mycotoxin, is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins globally, primarily produced by Fusarium species. DON exposure could cause a range of symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, gastroenteritis, growth retardation, immunosuppression, and intestinal flora disorders in both humans and animals. Recently, ozone degradation technology has been applied for DON control. However, the safety of the contaminated grain after degradation was often ignored. Therefore, the implementation technology for assessing the safety of DON-contaminated grain degradation is of great significance for food safety. In this study, based on previous degradation result of DON, we further studied and assessed the toxicity of corn contaminated with ozone-degrading DON by animal experiments in mice. We simulated feed made from corn contaminated with DON produced by inoculated Fusarium graminearum, which was treated with an ozone aqueous solution. DON treated by ozone could effectively increase the expression of total protein in mice and improve the immune system efficacy. Meanwhile, compared with DON directly-exposed mice, the corn with degrading DON could effectively maintain the level of liver and kidney immune function, and improved growth performance, enterohepatic circulation, and energy metabolism. Our study indicated that the toxicity of fed corn contaminated with degrading-DON decreased significantly after ozone degradation, resulting in a much lower toxicity compared to the DON group, or nontoxicity to some extent. Therefore, we hope that this mouse model could be used as a promising approach for assessing the risk of fungal toxins on metabolism, immunity, and intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Technology Center of Nanchang Customs District, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhui Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaolong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Liu L, Zhang G, Qu G, Liu B, Zhang X, Li G, Jin N, Li C, Bai J, Zhao C. Effects of dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supplementation on the production performance, egg quality, eggshell ultrastructure, and lipid metabolism of late-phase laying hens. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:150. [PMID: 37684610 PMCID: PMC10486122 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toward the late phase of laying, the production performance of laying hens decreases, egg quality deteriorates, lipid metabolism weakens, and hepatic lipid accumulation is exacerbated. Probiotics as an alternative to antimicrobials have been employed in poultry-related industries. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is currently the most researched and clinically validated probiotic, showing promising effects in multiple application areas. However, few studies have been conducted on livestock (including poultry) production. RESULTS Compared with the CON group, the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01) declined significantly in the LGG group. Eggshell strength (P < 0.001) and eggshell thickness (P < 0.001) were significantly increased by supplementation with LGG in the diet. The height (P < 0.001) and proportion (P < 0.05) of the effective layer and the mammillary knob density (P < 0.01) in the eggshell ultrastructure of the LGG group increased significantly, while the mammillary layer (P < 0.05) and knob width (P < 0.01) decreased significantly. The LGG-treated hens had significantly lower serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.05), free fatty acids (P < 0.01), and liver triglyceride (P < 0.05) levels than those in the CON group. CONCLUSIONS LGG supplementation significantly decreases the feed conversion ratio, improves eggshell quality by altering the ultrastructure, and improves lipid metabolism in the late laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Ge Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
- Jilin Genet-Med Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Gaoqian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for the Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for the Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
| | - Jieying Bai
- Jilin Genet-Med Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changchun, 130122, Jilin, China
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Cuiqing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, Jilin, China.
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9
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Li X, Hu B, Zheng J, Pan Z, Cai Y, Zhao M, Jin X, Li ZQ. Probiotics Alleviate Chemotherapy-Associated Intestinal Mucosal Injury via the TLR4-NFκB Signaling Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2183-2192. [PMID: 37521036 PMCID: PMC10386857 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s403087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Temozolomide (TMZ) induces intestinal mucosa injury that cannot be fully counteracted by supportive treatment. Probiotics regulate gut microbial composition and the host immune system and may alleviate this side effect. We aimed to investigate the potential and mechanism of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in relieving intestinal mucosal injury induced by TMZ. Methods Glioblastoma mice were divided into four groups: CON (control), LGG (109 CFU/mL, treated for 7 days), TMZ (50 mg/kg·d, treated for 5 days), LGG+TMZ (LGG for 7 days and TMZ subsequently for 5 days). Body weight, food intake, and fecal pH were recorded. Intestinal tissue samples were collected 1 day after the end of TMZ treatment. Degree of damage to intestine, expression of IL1β, IL6, TNFα, and IL10 in jejunum were determined. Levels of tight-junction proteins (ZO1, occludin), TLR4, IKKβ, IκBα, and P65 with their phosphorylation in jejunum were measured. Results Decreases in body weight, food intake, spleen index in the TMZ group were mitigated in the LGG+TMZ group, and the degree of intestinal shortening and damage to jejunum villus were also alleviated. The expression of tight-junction proteins in the LGG+TMZ group was significantly greater than that in the TMZ group. IκBα in intestinal tissue significantly decreased in the TMZ group, phos-IKKβ and phos-P65 increased compared to the CON group, and LGG reversed such changes in IκBα and phos-P65 in the LGG+TMZ group. Intestinal inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in the TMZ group, but lower in the LGG+TMZ group. Moreover, expression of TLR4 in LGG group was significantly lower than that in the CON group. LGG inhibited the rise of TLR4 after TMZ in the LGG+TMZ group compared to the TMZ group. Conclusion LGG inhibits the activation of the TLR4-NFκB pathway and alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation induced by TMZ, thereby protect the jejunum villi and mucosal physical barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Zheng
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
- The Second Clinical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Cai
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Jin
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Deng Y, You L, Wang X, Wu W, Kuca K, Wu Q, Wei W. Deoxynivalenol: Emerging Toxic Mechanisms and Control Strategies, Current and Future Perspectives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37437258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most frequently present mycotoxin contaminant in food and feed, causing a variety of toxic effects in humans and animals. Currently, a series of mechanisms involved in DON toxicity have been identified. In addition to the activation of oxidative stress and the MAPK signaling pathway, DON can activate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, which further regulates reactive oxygen species production and cancer cell apoptosis. Noncoding RNA and signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, FOXO, and TLR4/NF-κB also participate in DON toxicity. The intestinal microbiota and the brain-gut axis play a crucial role in DON-induced growth inhibition. In view of the synergistic toxic effect of DON and other mycotoxins, strategies to detect DON and control it biologically and the development of enzymes for the biodegradation of various mycotoxins and their introduction in the market are the current and future research hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Deng
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Li You
- College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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11
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Wang P, Yao Q, Zhu D, Yang X, Chen Q, Lu Q, Liu A. Resveratrol protects against deoxynivalenol-induced ferroptosis in HepG2 cells. Toxicology 2023:153589. [PMID: 37419272 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most serious mycotoxins that contaminate food and feed, causing hepatocyte death. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the new cell death modalities that explain DON-induced hepatocyte toxicity. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of cell death. The aim of this study was to explore the role of ferroptosis in DON-exposed HepG2 cytotoxicity and the antagonistic effect of resveratrol (Res) on its toxicity, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. HepG2 cells were treated with Res (8μM) or/and DON (0.4μM) for 12hours. We examined cell viability, cell proliferation, expression of ferroptosis-related genes, levels of lipid peroxidation and Fe(II). The results revealed that DON reduced the expression levels of GPX4, SLC7A11, GCLC, NQO1, and Nrf2 while promoting the expression of TFR1, GSH depletion, accumulation of MDA and total ROS. DON enhanced production of 4-HNE, lipid ROS and Fe(II) overload, resulting in ferroptosis. However, pretreatment with Res reversed these changes, attenuating DON-induced ferroptosis, improving cell viability and cell proliferation. Importantly, Res prevented Erastin and RSL3-induced ferroptosis, suggesting that Res exerted an anti-ferroptosis effect by activating SLC7A11-GSH-GPX4 signaling pathways. In summary, Res ameliorated DON-induced ferroptosis in HepG2 cells. This study provides a new perspective on the mechanism of DON-induced hepatotoxicity formation, and Res may be an effective drug to alleviate DON-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Wang
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yao
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China
| | - Qingjie Chen
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China
| | - Qirong Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimei Liu
- Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China.
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12
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Zong Q, Li K, Qu H, Hu P, Xu C, Wang H, Wu S, Wang S, Liu HY, Cai D, Bao W. Sodium Butyrate Ameliorates Deoxynivalenol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Porcine Liver via NR4A2-Mediated Histone Acetylation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37384814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin-induced liver injury is often accompanied by oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation. This research aimed to explore the potential mechanism of sodium butyrate (NaBu) in modulating hepatic anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation pathways in deoxynivalenol (DON)-exposed piglets. The results show that DON induced liver injury, increased mononuclear cell infiltration, and decreased serum total protein and albumin concentrations. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TNF-α pathways were highly activated upon DON exposure. This is associated with disturbed antioxidant enzymes and increased inflammatory cytokines secretion. Importantly, NaBu effectively reversed the alterations caused by DON. Mechanistically, the ChIP-seq result revealed that NaBu strongly depressed DON-increased enrichment of histone mark H3K27ac at the genes involved in ROS and TNF-α-mediated pathways. Notably, we demonstrated that nuclear receptor NR4A2 was activated by DON and remarkably recovered with the treatment of NaBu. In addition, the enhanced NR4A2 transcriptional binding enrichments at the promoter regions of OS and inflammatory genes were hindered by NaBu in DON-exposed livers. Consistently, elevated H3K9ac and H3K27ac occupancies were also observed at the NR4A2 binding regions. Taken together, our results indicated that a natural antimycotic additive, NaBu, could mitigate hepatic OS and inflammatory responses, possibly via NR4A2-mediated histone acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufang Zong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Kaiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Huan Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hao-Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Demin Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
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13
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Feng N, Zhong F, Cai G, Zheng W, Zou H, Gu J, Yuan Y, Zhu G, Liu Z, Bian J. Fusarium Mycotoxins Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol Reduce Hepatocyte Innate Immune Response after the Listeria monocytogenes Infection by Inhibiting the TLR2/NFκB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119664. [PMID: 37298614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are two common mycotoxins produced by the genus Fusarium and have potential immunotoxic effects that may lead to a weak immune response against bacterial infections. Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), a food-borne pathogenic microorganism ubiquitous in the environment, actively multiplies in the liver, where hepatocytes are capable of resistance through mediated innate immune responses. At present, it is not clear if ZEA and DON affect hepatocyte immune responses to L. monocytogenes infection or the mechanisms involved. Therefore, in this study, in vivo and in vitro models were used to investigate the effects of ZEA and DON on the innate immune responses of hepatocytes and related molecules after L. monocytogenes infection. In vivo studies revealed that ZEA and DON inhibited the toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway in the liver tissue of L. monocytogenes-infected mice, downregulating the expression levels of Nitric oxide (NO), in the liver and repressing the immune response. In addition, ZEA and DON inhibited Lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced expression of TLR2 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in Buffalo Rat Liver (BRL 3A) cells in vitro, downregulating the TLR2/NFκB signaling pathway and resulting in the decreased expression levels of NO, causing immunosuppressive effects. In summary, ZEA and DON can negatively regulate NO levels through TLR2/NFκB, inhibiting the innate immune responses of the liver, and aggravate L. monocytogenes infections in mouse livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Fang Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guodong Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
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14
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He S, Yang Z, Li X, Wu H, Zhang L, Shan A, Wang J. Boosting stability and therapeutic potential of proteolysis-resistant antimicrobial peptides by end-tagging β-naphthylalanine. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:175-194. [PMID: 37100185 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently, much emphasis has been placed on solving the intrinsic defects of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), especially their susceptibility to protease digestion for the systemic application of antibacterial biomaterials. Although many strategies have increased the protease stability of AMPs, antimicrobial activity was severely compromised, thereby substantially weakening their therapeutic effect. To address this issue, we introduced hydrophobic group modifications at the N-terminus of proteolysis-resistant AMPs D1 (AArIIlrWrFR) through end-tagging with stretches of natural amino acids (W and I), unnatural amino acid (Nal) and fatty acids. Of these peptides, N1 tagged with a Nal at N-terminus showed the highest selectivity index (GMSI = 19.59), with a 6.73-fold improvement over D1. In addition to potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, N1 also exhibited high antimicrobial stability toward salts, serum and proteases in vitro and ideal biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Furthermore, N1 killed bacteria through multiple mechanisms, involving disruption of bacterial membranes and inhibition of bacterial energy metabolism. Indeed, appropriate terminal hydrophobicity modification opens up new avenues for developing and applying high-stability peptide-based antibacterial biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: To improve the potency and stability of proteolysis-resistant antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) without increasing toxicity, we constructed a convenient and tunable platform based on different compositions and lengths of hydrophobic end modifications. By tagging an Nal at the N-terminal, the obtained target compound N1 exhibited strong antimicrobial activity and desirable stability under multifarious environments in vitro (protease, salts and serum), and also showed favorable biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Notably, N1exerted its bactericidal effect by damaging bacterial cell membranes and inhibiting bacterial energy metabolism in a dual mode. The findings provide a potential method for designing or optimizing proteolysis-resistant AMPs thus promoting the development and application of peptide-based antibacterial biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi He
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhanyi Yang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Licong Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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15
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Sun P, Zhao X, Liu M, Wu H, Lv C, Zhou S, Ding Z, Huo L, Yang L, Liang A. Lactational exposure to Deoxynivalenol causes mammary gland injury via inducing inflammatory response and impairing blood-milk barrier integrity in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114773. [PMID: 37003064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lactation is a unique physiological process to produce and secrete milk. Deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure during lactation has been demonstrated to affect adversely the growth development of offspring. However, the effects and potential mechanism of DON on maternal mammary glands remain largely unknown. In this study, we found the length and area of mammary glands were significantly reduced after DON exposure on lactation day (LD) 7 and LD 21. RNA-seq analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in acute inflammatory response and HIF-1 signaling pathway, which led to an increase of myeloperoxidase activity and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, lactational DON exposure increased blood-milk barrier permeability by reducing the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, promoted cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and PCNA. Additionally, lactational DON exposure significantly decreased serum concentration of prolactin, estrogen, and progesterone. All these alterations eventually resulted in a decrease of β-casein expression on LD 7 and LD 21. In summary, our findings indicated that lactational exposure to DON caused lactation-related hormone disorder and mammary gland injury induced by inflammatory response and blood-milk barrier integrity impairment, ultimately resulting in lower production of β-casein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xinzhe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Mingxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hanxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ce Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhiming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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16
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Zhao T, Wang H, Liu Z, Liu Y, Li B, Huang X. Recent Perspective of Lactobacillus in Reducing Oxidative Stress to Prevent Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030769. [PMID: 36979017 PMCID: PMC10044891 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
During oxidative stress, an important factor in the development of many diseases, cellular oxidative and antioxidant activities are imbalanced due to various internal and external factors such as inflammation or diet. The administration of probiotic Lactobacillus strains has been shown to confer a range of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects in the host. This review focuses on the potential role of oxidative stress in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), cancer, and liver-related diseases in the context of preventive and therapeutic effects associated with Lactobacillus. This article reviews studies in cell lines and animal models as well as some clinical population reports that suggest that Lactobacillus could alleviate basic symptoms and related abnormal indicators of IBD, cancers, and liver damage, and covers evidence supporting a role for the Nrf2, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways in the effects of Lactobacillus in alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress, aberrant cell proliferation, and apoptosis. This review also discusses the unmet needs and future directions in probiotic Lactobacillus research including more extensive mechanistic analyses and more clinical trials for Lactobacillus-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730033, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850000, China
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17
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Ji X, Tang Z, Zhang F, Zhou F, Wu Y, Wu D. Dietary taurine supplementation counteracts deoxynivalenol-induced liver injury via alleviating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and inflammation in piglets. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114705. [PMID: 36863159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), as a widespread Fusarium mycotoxin in cereals, food products, and animal feed, is detrimental to both human and animal health. The liver is not only the primary organ responsible for DON metabolism but also the principal organ affected by DON toxicity. Taurine is well known to display various physiological and pharmacological functions due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the information regarding taurine supplementation counteracting DON-induced liver injury in piglets is still unclear. In our work, twenty-four weaned piglets were subjected to four groups for a 24-day period, including the BD group (a basal diet), the DON group (3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet), the DON+LT group (3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet + 0.3% taurine), and the DON+HT group (3 mg/kg DON-contaminated diet + 0.6% taurine). Our findings indicated that taurine supplementation improved growth performance and alleviated DON-induced liver injury, as evidenced by the reduced pathological and serum biochemical changes (ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH), especially in the group with the 0.3% taurine. Taurine could counteract hepatic oxidative stress in piglets exposed to DON, as it reduced ROS, 8-OHdG, and MDA concentrations and improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Concurrently, taurine was observed to upregulate the expression of key factors involved in mitochondrial function and the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, taurine treatment effectively attenuated DON-induced hepatocyte apoptosis, as verified through the decreased proportion of TUNEL-positive cells and regulation of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. Finally, the administration of taurine was able to reduce liver inflammation due to DON, by inactivating the NF-κB signaling pathway and declining the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In summary, our results implied that taurine effectively improved DON-induced liver injury. The underlying mechanism should be that taurine restored mitochondrial normal function and antagonized oxidative stress, thereby reducing apoptosis and inflammatory responses in the liver of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou 233100, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou 233100, China; Fengyang Xiaogang Minyi Land Shares Cooperatives, Chuzhou 233100, China
| | - Fen Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yijing Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China.
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18
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Yang X, Huang T, Chen Y, Chen F, Liu Y, Wang Y, Song W, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Wang F, Zhang C. Deoxynivalenol induces testicular ferroptosis by regulating the Nrf2/System Xc -/GPX4 axis. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113730. [PMID: 36925038 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most common mycotoxin contaminant in food and feed. DON accumulation in food chain severely threatens human and animal health due to the toxic effects on the reproduction system. However, the underlying mechanism of DON on male reproductive dysfunction is still in debate and there is little information about whether DON triggers testicular ferroptosis. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups and treated by oral gavage with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg BW DON for 28 days. Firstly, we proved that male reproduction dysfunction was induced by DON through assessing testicular histopathology, serum testosterone level as well as blood-testis barrier integrity. Then, we verified ferroptosis occurred in DON-induced testicular dysfunction model through disrupting iron homeostasis, increasing lipid peroxidation and inhibiting system Xc-/Gpx4 axis. Notably, the present data showed DON reduced antioxidant capacity via blocking Nrf2 pathway to lead to the further weakness of ferroptosis resistance. Altogether, these results indicated that DON caused mice testicular ferroptosis associated with inhibiting Nrf2/System Xc-/GPx4 axis, which provided that maintaining testicular iron homeostasis and activating Nrf2 pathway may be a potential target for alleviating testicular toxicity of DON in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Tingyu Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yunhe Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Youshuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Wenxi Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yibao Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
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19
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Chen H, Chen X, Ma J. The mitigation mechanism of hesperidin on deoxynivalenol toxicity in grass carp hepatocytes via decreasing ROS accumulation and inhibiting JNK phosphorylation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108646. [PMID: 36842640 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a crucial kind of mycotoxin, is found globally present in the contaminated cereal crops including wheat, barley, maize and rice. Hesperidin (HDN) is a flavonoid with a variety of biological activities found in high concentrations in citrus fruits. However, the potential protective effects of HDN on cell damage under DON toxicity, and the role of oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis in it, remain unclear. Therefore, we treated grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) liver cells (L8824 cell) with DON and HDN for 24 h. The results showed that DON exposure caused a higher ROS accumulation, activated inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis, induced the expression of cytokines (NF-kappaB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), triggered BCL2/BAX-mediated apoptosis and LC3B/P62-dependent autophagy in the L8824 cell line. Moreover, HDN reduced DON exposure-induced inflammation and autophagy by decreasing ROS accumulation and reduced DON exposure-induced apoptosis by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation. These results partly explained the mechanism of biological threat on fish under DON exposure and the potential application value of HDN in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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20
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu F, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Zeng H, Ren S, Guo L, Chen Z, Hrabchenko N, Wu J, Yu J. Mechanisms and applications of probiotics in prevention and treatment of swine diseases. Porcine Health Manag 2023; 9:5. [PMID: 36740713 PMCID: PMC9901120 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-022-00295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can improve animal health by regulating intestinal flora balance, improving the structure of the intestinal mucosa, and enhancing intestinal barrier function. At present, the use of probiotics has been a research hotspot in prevention and treatment of different diseases at home and abroad. This review has summarized the researchers and applications of probiotics in prevention and treatment of swine diseases, and elaborated the relevant mechanisms of probiotics, which aims to provide a reference for probiotics better applications to the prevention and treatment of swine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China ,grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Fei Liu
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Yanwei Mao
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Hao Zeng
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Sufang Ren
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Lihui Guo
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Zhi Chen
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Nataliia Hrabchenko
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China ,grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018 Shandong China ,grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Jiang Yu
- grid.452757.60000 0004 0644 6150Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
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21
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You L, Nepovimova E, Valko M, Wu Q, Kuca K. Mycotoxins and cellular senescence: the impact of oxidative stress, hypoxia, and immunosuppression. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:393-404. [PMID: 36434400 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins induce oxidative stress, hypoxia, and cause immunosuppressive effects. Moreover, emerging evidence show that mycotoxins have a potential of inducing cellular senescence, which are involved in their immunomodulatory effects. Mycotoxins upregulate the expression of senescence markers γ-H2AX, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p53, p16, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) inflammatory factors. Moreover, mycotoxins cause senescence-associated cell cycle arrest by diminishing cyclin D1 and Cdk4 pathways, as well as increasing the expression of p53, p21, and CDK6. Mycotoxins may induce cellular senescence by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress. In addition, hypoxia acts as a double-edged sword on cell senescence; it could both act as the stress-induced senescence and also hinder the onset of cellular senescence. The SASP inflammatory factors have the ability to induce an immunosuppressive environment, while mycotoxins directly cause immunosuppression. Therefore, there is a potential relationship between mycotoxins and cellular senescence that synergistically cause immunosuppression. However, most of the current studies have involved the effect of mycotoxins on cell cycle arrest, but only limited in-depth research has been carried out to link the occurrence of this condition (cell cycle arrest) with cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing, 401520, China
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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22
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Lactoferrin Restores the Deoxynivalenol-Impaired Spermatogenesis and Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity via Improving the Antioxidant Capacity and Modifying the Cell Adhesion and Inflammatory Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010152. [PMID: 36671014 PMCID: PMC9855165 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is among the most prevalent contaminants in cereal crops and has been demonstrated to impair male spermatogenesis and induce oxidative stress, testicular apoptosis, and disruption of the blood-testis barrier (BTB). Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein with multifunctions including anti-inflammation and antioxidation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of LF on the spermatogenesis and integrity of the BTB in DON-exposed mice. Thirty-two male mice were allotted to four groups for a 35-day feeding period: vehicle (basal diet), DON (12 mg/kg), LF (10 mg/d, p.o.), and DON + LF. The results showed that DON induced vacuolization of the spermatogenic epithelium, broke the adhesion junction between Sertoli cells and spermatids established by N-cadherin and induced testicular oxidative stress. LF administration restored sperm production, attenuated the DON-induced oxidative stress and reduced the breakages in adhesion junction. DON exposure enhanced the protein expression of occludin. Transcriptional profiling of the testis observed a disturbance in the expression profiles of cell adhesion and inflammatory response genes, and LF administration reversed these gene expressions. Furthermore, down-regulated signaling pathways, including the apical junction, TNFα signaling via NF-κB, and TGF-β in the DON group were observed. These were restored by LF. Enrichment analysis between DON + LF group and vehicle also confirmed the absence of these pathways. These findings indicated that LF eliminated the DON-induced detriment to spermatogenesis and cell connections between Sertoli cells and spermatids via improving antioxidant capacity and modifying the inflammatory response and cell adhesion genes.
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23
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Zong Q, Qu H, Zhao Y, Liu H, Wu S, Wang S, Bao W, Cai D. Sodium butyrate alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced hepatic cholesterol metabolic dysfunction via RORγ-mediated histone acetylation modification in weaning piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:133. [PMID: 36550531 PMCID: PMC9783825 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol is an essential component of lipid rafts in cell plasma membrane, which exerts a hepatoprotective role against mycotoxin exposure in pigs, and cholesterol metabolism is vulnerable to epigenetic histone acetylation. Therefore, our present study aimed to investigate whether a histone deacetylase inhibitor (sodium butyrate [NaBu]) could protect the porcine liver from deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure by modulating cholesterol metabolism. Herein, we randomly divided 28 pigs into four groups, which were fed an uncontaminated basal diet, contaminated diet (4 mg DON/kg), uncontaminated diet supplemented with 0.2% NaBu or 4 mg/kg DON contaminated diet (4 mg DON/kg) supplemented with 0.2% NaBu for 28 d. RESULTS We found that the serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were all increased in pigs exposed to DON, indicative of significant liver injury. Furthermore, the cholesterol content in the serum of DON-exposed pigs was significantly reduced, compared to the healthy Vehicle group. Transcriptome analysis of porcine liver tissues revealed that the cholesterol homeostasis pathway was highly enriched due to DON exposure. In which we validated by qRT-PCR and western blotting that the cholesterol program was markedly activated. Importantly, NaBu effectively restored parameters associated with liver injury, along with the cholesterol content and the expression of key genes involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Mechanistically, we performed a ChIP-seq analysis of H3K27ac and showed that NaBu strongly diminished DON-increased H3K27ac genome-wide enrichment. We further validated that the elevated H3K27ac and H3K9ac occupancies on cholesterol biosynthesis genes were both decreased by NaBu, as determined by ChIP-qPCR analysis. Notably, nuclear receptor RORγ, a novel regulator of cholesterol biosynthesis, was found in the hyperacetylated regions. Again, a remarkable increase of RORγ at both mRNA and protein levels in DON-exposed porcine livers was drastically reduced by NaBu. Consistent with RORγ expression, NaBu also hindered RORγ transcriptional binding enrichments on these activated cholesterol biosynthesis genes like HMGCR, SQLE, and DHCR24. Furthermore, we conducted an in vitro luciferase reporter assay to verify that porcine RORγ directly bonds to the promoters of the above target genes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results demonstrate the utility of the natural product NaBu as a potential anti-mycotoxin nutritional strategy for regulating cholesterol metabolism via RORγ-mediated histone acetylation modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufang Zong
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
| | - Huan Qu
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China ,grid.268415.cJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 PR China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China ,grid.268415.cJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
| | - Demin Cai
- grid.268415.cCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China ,grid.268415.cJoint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 PR China
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24
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Xia D, Mo Q, Yang L, Wang W. Crosstalk between Mycotoxins and Intestinal Microbiota and the Alleviation Approach via Microorganisms. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14120859. [PMID: 36548756 PMCID: PMC9784275 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungus. Due to their widespread distribution, difficulty in removal, and complicated subsequent harmful by-products, mycotoxins pose a threat to the health of humans and animals worldwide. Increasing studies in recent years have highlighted the impact of mycotoxins on the gut microbiota. Numerous researchers have sought to illustrate novel toxicological mechanisms of mycotoxins by examining alterations in the gut microbiota caused by mycotoxins. However, few efficient techniques have been found to ameliorate the toxicity of mycotoxins via microbial pathways in terms of animal husbandry, human health management, and the prognosis of mycotoxin poisoning. This review seeks to examine the crosstalk between five typical mycotoxins and gut microbes, summarize the functions of mycotoxins-induced alterations in gut microbes in toxicological processes and investigate the application prospects of microbes in mycotoxins prevention and therapy from a variety of perspectives. The work is intended to provide support for future research on the interaction between mycotoxins and gut microbes, and to advance the technology for preventing and controlling mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiyang Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qianyuan Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wence Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-85283756
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25
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Qu J, Zhang S, He W, Liu S, Mao X, Yin L, Yue D, Zhang P, Huang K, Chen X. Crucial Function of Caveolin-1 in Deoxynivalenol-Induced Enterotoxicity by Activating ROS-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12968-12981. [PMID: 36166599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most pervasive contaminating mycotoxins in grain, and exposure to DON is known to cause acute and chronic intestinal damage. As the gut is the most important target organ of DON, it is essential to identify the pivotal molecules involved in DON-induced enterotoxicity as well as the potential regulatory mechanisms. In the present study, we found that DON treatment dramatically decreased the jejunal villus height and increased the crypt depth in mice. DON exposure induced oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation while increasing the levels of pyroptosis-related factors GSDMD, ASC, Caspase-1 P20, and IL-1β and inflammatory cytokines IL-18, TNF-α, and IL-6. In vitro, 0.5-2 μM DON caused cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, as well as NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells. Furthermore, DON treatment substantially improved the expression of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, Cav-1 knockdown effectively attenuated DON-induced oxidative stress and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells. Meanwhile, treatment with the antioxidant NAC significantly alleviated DON-induced cytotoxicity and pyroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells. Likewise, after inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation with the inhibitor MCC950, DON-induced cytotoxicity, pyroptosis, and inflammatory response were attenuated. However, NLRP3 inhibition did not affect Cav-1 expression. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that pyroptosis may be an underlying mechanism in DON-induced intestinal injury, and Cav-1 plays a pivotal role in DON-induced pyroptosis via regulating oxidative stress, which suggests a novel strategy to overcome DON-induced enterotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Wenmiao He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Shuiping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xinru Mao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Liuwen Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Dongmei Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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26
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Bai Y, Ma K, Li J, Ren Z, Zhang J, Shan A. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorates DON-induced intestinal damage depending on the enrichment of beneficial bacteria in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:90. [PMID: 35962456 PMCID: PMC9375241 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common environmental pollutants that induces intestinal inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a probiotic that not only has anti-inflammatory effects, but also shows protective effect on the intestinal barrier. However, it is still unknown whether LGG exerts beneficial effects against DON-induced intestinal damage in piglets. In this work, a total of 36 weaned piglets were randomized to one of four treatment groups for 21 d. The treatment groups were CON (basal diet); LGG (basal diet supplemented with 1.77 × 1011 CFU/kg LGG); DON (DON-contaminated diet) and LGG + DON (DON-contaminated diet supplemented with 1.77 × 1011 CFU/kg LGG). RESULT Supplementation of LGG can enhance growth performance of piglets exposed to DON by improving intestinal barrier function. LGG has a mitigating effect on intestinal inflammation induced by DON exposure, largely through repression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, supplementation of LGG increased the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Collinsella, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus_torques_group and Anaerofustis), and decreased the relative abundances of harmful bacteria (e.g., Parabacteroides and Ruminiclostridium_6), and also promoted the production of SCFAs. CONCLUSIONS LGG ameliorates DON-induced intestinal damage, which may provide theoretical support for the application of LGG to alleviate the adverse effects induced by DON exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsong Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Kaidi Ma
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jibo Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhongshuai Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130062, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130062, P. R. China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
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27
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Deoxynivalenol induces caspase-3/GSDME-dependent pyroptosis and inflammation in mouse liver and HepaRG cells. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:3091-3112. [PMID: 35925383 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a frequent food and feed contaminant, poses a severe threat to human and livestock health. Some studies have demonstrated that DON could induce liver damage and cell death. However, novel cell death styles and detailed mechanisms to explain DON-induced liver inflammatory injury are still lacking. Here, we found both chronic and subacute oral administration of DON (3 mg/kg for 4 weeks and 4 mg/kg for 8 days) induced mouse liver inflammatory injury and activated caspase-3, PARP and gasdermin E (GSDME), which were inhibited by caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD and Ac-DEVD. In vitro, HepaRG cells showed typical pyroptotic characteristics after 32 and 64 μM DON exposure for 24 h, including balloon-like bubbling emerging, release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 and activation of caspase-3 and GSDME. Furthermore, knocking down GSDME and inhibiting caspases activity by Z-VAD and Z-DEVD dramatically blocked DON-induced pyroptotic characteristics, while over-expressed GSDME prompted that. These data demonstrate that caspase-3/GSDME pathway plays a key factor in DON-induced pyroptosis and inflammation in liver. Interestingly, knocking down GSDME could inhibit DON-induced pyroptosis but prompt DON-induced apoptosis, while opposite results were obtained when over-expressed GSDME, indicating the critical role of GSDME in DON-induced crosstalk between apoptosis and pyroptosis. Taken together, our data determine DON-induced caspase-3/GSDME-dependent pyroptosis in liver and its role in DON-induced liver inflammatory injury, which provide a novel mechanistic view into DON-induced hepatotoxicity and may offer a new target to reduce latent harm of DON to both humans and animals.
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Li J, Bai Y, Ma K, Ren Z, Li J, Zhang J, Shan A. Dihydroartemisinin alleviates deoxynivalenol induced liver apoptosis and inflammation in piglets. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113811. [PMID: 35772362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the mycotoxins that contaminate cereals and feed, thereby endangering human and animal health. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions in addition to anti-malaria and anti-cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of DHA on alleviating liver apoptosis and inflammation induced by DON in piglets. The experimental design followed a 2 (normal diet and DON-contaminated diet) × 2 (with and without supplementation of DHA) factorial arrangement. 36 weaned piglets were subjected to a 21-day experiment. Results showed that DON increased ALT activity, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-2, and reduced the levels of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) in the serum. However, DHA decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-2, and increased the levels of TP and ALB. Also, DON decreased glutathione (GSH) content and catalase (CAT) activity, and increased methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) content. But GSH content was increased by DHA. In addition, DHA decreased DON-induced increase in apoptosis rate of hepatocytes. Furthermore, DON activated death receptor pathway to promote apoptosis by up-regulating the protein expression of FasL and caspase-3, and the mRNA expression of FasL, TNFR1, caspase-8, Bid, Bax, CYC and caspase-3. However, DHA reduced caspase-3 protein expression, as well as the mRNA expression of FADD, Bid, Bax, CYC and caspase-3. Besides, DON also activated TNF/NF-κB pathway to induce an inflammatory response by up-regulating TNF-α protein expression, and the mRNA expression of TNFR1, RIP1, IKKβ, IκBα, IL-1β and IL-8. Nevertheless, DHA reduced the mRNA expression of RIP1, IκBα, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6, and the protein expression of TNF-α and NF-κB. In conclusion, DHA improved DON-induced negative effects on serum biochemical parameters and inflammatory cytokine levels, hepatic antioxidant capacity, hepatic apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yongsong Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Kaidi Ma
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhongshuai Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jianping Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130062, PR China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Calabrese C, Annunziata A, Mariniello DF, Coppola A, Mirizzi AI, Simioli F, Pelaia C, Atripaldi L, Pugliese G, Guarino S, Fiorentino G. Evolution of the Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Unvaccinated Patients Affected by Critical COVID-19 Pneumonia from the Pre-Vaccination to the Post-Vaccination Waves in Italy. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11070793. [PMID: 35890037 PMCID: PMC9323253 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaccination campaign and the new SARS-CoV-2 variants may have changed the clinical profile and outcomes of patients admitted to sub-intensive unit care. We conducted a retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological features of unvaccinated critical COVID-19 patients hospitalized during the last pandemic wave (December 2021−February 2022, No-Vax group) and before starting the vaccination campaign (March−December 2020, Pre-Vax group). The No-Vax group was also compared with vaccinated patients of the same pandemic wave (Vax group). With respect to the Pre-Vax group, the No-Vax group contained a higher percentage of smokers (p = 0.0007) and a lower prevalence of males (p = 0.0003). At admission, the No-Vax patients showed both a higher CT score of pneumonia and a worse severe respiratory failure (p < 0.0001). In the No-Vax group, a higher percentage of deaths occurred, though this was not significant. In comparison with the No-Vax group, the Vax patients were older (p = 0.0097), with a higher Charlson comorbidity index (p < 0.0001) and a significantly lower HRCT score (p = 0.0015). The percentage of deaths was not different between the two groups. The No-Vax patients showed a more severe disease in comparison with the Pre-Vax patients, and were younger and had fewer comorbidities than the Vax patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Calabrese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.F.M.); (L.A.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Annunziata
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (A.I.M.); (F.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Domenica Francesca Mariniello
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.F.M.); (L.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Antonietta Coppola
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (A.I.M.); (F.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Angela Irene Mirizzi
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (A.I.M.); (F.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Francesca Simioli
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (A.I.M.); (F.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Corrado Pelaia
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Lidia Atripaldi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.F.M.); (L.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Gaia Pugliese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.F.M.); (L.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Salvatore Guarino
- Department of Radiology, Monaldi Hospital, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fiorentino
- Department of Intensive Care, A.O.R.N. Ospedali dei Colli, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (A.C.); (A.I.M.); (F.S.); (G.F.)
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Sun G, Song X, Zou Y, Teng T, Jiang L, Shi B. Dietary Glucose Ameliorates Impaired Intestinal Development and Immune Homeostasis Disorders Induced by Chronic Cold Stress in Pig Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147730. [PMID: 35887078 PMCID: PMC9317271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endotherms are easily challenged by chronic cold stress. In this study, the development and injury of the small intestine in the Min pig model and Yorkshire pig model under chronic cold stress, and the molecular mechanisms by which glucose supplementation reduces small intestinal mucosal damage were investigated. The results showed that morphological structure lesions of the jejunal mucosa and ileal mucosa were visible in Yorkshire pigs under chronic cold stress. Meanwhile, the Occludin mRNA and protein expression in jejunal mucosa of Yorkshire pigs was decreased. Chronic cold stress enhanced the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the myeloid differentiation main response 88 (MyD88), nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3), cleaved caspase-1, mature-IL-1β, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB 1) mRNA and protein expression in jejunal mucosa of Yorkshire pigs, whereas the mRNA and protein of Bax was triggered in ileal mucosa. In Min pigs, no such deleterious consequences were observed. Dietary glucose supplementation ameliorates small intestinal mucosal injury, declined TLR4 and MyD88 expression in jejunal mucosa. In conclusion, chronic cold stress induced the small intestinal mucosa damage in Yorkshire pigs, whereas glucose supplementation mitigated the deleterious effects of chronic cold stress on the small intestine.
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Ma K, Bai Y, Li J, Ren Z, Li J, Zhang J, Shan A. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorates deoxynivalenol-induced kidney oxidative damage and mitochondrial injury in weaned piglets. Food Funct 2022; 13:3905-3916. [PMID: 35285834 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00185c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin that pollutes food crops and adversely affects the health of animals, even humans. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can alleviate intestinal injury, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the potential of LGG in alleviating kidney injury induced by DON in piglets remains to be studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the adverse effect of DON on kidney injury and the protective ability of LGG. A total of twenty-seven weaned piglets were divided into three groups: CON group, DON group (3.11 mg kg-1 feed) and LGG + DON group (LGG powder 1 g kg-1 + DON 3.15 mg kg-1 feed). DON increased the MDA content, and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, DON activated the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. However, LGG supplementation alleviated the damage of DON to the kidney antioxidant system of piglets. Notably, DON significantly reduced the Sirt3 expression (P < 0.05), which was alleviated by LGG addition. The expression of mitochondrial biogenesis related factors such as VDAC1 and Cyt C was up-regulated by DON (P < 0.05), and LGG could improve mitochondrial ultrastructural abnormalities and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, LGG mitigated DON-induced mitochondrial fusion inhibition, and prevented DON-mediated mitochondrial autophagy. In conclusion, LGG play a protective role in DON-induced kidney toxicity, and dietary intervention may be a strategy to reduce mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Ma
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Yongsong Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Jibo Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Zhongshuai Ren
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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Hasuda AL, Person E, Khoshal AK, Bruel S, Puel S, Oswald IP, Bracarense APFL, Pinton P. Deoxynivalenol induces apoptosis and inflammation in the liver: Analysis using precision-cut liver slices. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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