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Tripathi K, Ben-Shachar D. Mitochondria in the Central Nervous System in Health and Disease: The Puzzle of the Therapeutic Potential of Mitochondrial Transplantation. Cells 2024; 13:410. [PMID: 38474374 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the energy suppliers of the cells, play a central role in a variety of cellular processes essential for survival or leading to cell death. Consequently, mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in numerous general and CNS disorders. The clinical manifestations of mitochondrial dysfunction include metabolic disorders, dysfunction of the immune system, tumorigenesis, and neuronal and behavioral abnormalities. In this review, we focus on the mitochondrial role in the CNS, which has unique characteristics and is therefore highly dependent on the mitochondria. First, we review the role of mitochondria in neuronal development, synaptogenesis, plasticity, and behavior as well as their adaptation to the intricate connections between the different cell types in the brain. Then, we review the sparse knowledge of the mechanisms of exogenous mitochondrial uptake and describe attempts to determine their half-life and transplantation long-term effects on neuronal sprouting, cellular proteome, and behavior. We further discuss the potential of mitochondrial transplantation to serve as a tool to study the causal link between mitochondria and neuronal activity and behavior. Next, we describe mitochondrial transplantation's therapeutic potential in various CNS disorders. Finally, we discuss the basic and reverse-translation challenges of this approach that currently hinder the clinical use of mitochondrial transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Tripathi
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Neuroscience, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Neuroscience, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, Haifa 31096, Israel
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2
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Signorile A, De Rasmo D. Mitochondrial Complex I, a Possible Sensible Site of cAMP Pathway in Aging. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020221. [PMID: 36829783 PMCID: PMC9951957 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals during aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by the mitochondrial respiratory chain, cause oxidative damage of macromolecules leading to respiratory chain dysfunction, which in turn increases ROS mitochondrial production. Many efforts have been made to understand the role of oxidative stress in aging and age-related diseases. The complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain is the major source of ROS production and its dysfunctions have been associated with several forms of neurodegeneration, other common human diseases and aging. Complex I-ROS production and complex I content have been proposed as the major determinants for longevity. The cAMP signal has a role in the regulation of complex I activity and the decrease of ROS production. In the last years, an increasing number of studies have attempted to activate cAMP signaling to treat age-related diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunctions and ROS production. This idea comes from a long-line of studies showing a main role of cAMP signal in the memory consolidation mechanism and in the regulation of mitochondrial functions. Here, we discuss several evidences on the possible connection between complex I and cAMP pathway in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Signorile
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico De Rasmo
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-544-8516
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3
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Triplication of HSA21 on alterations in structure and function of mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2022; 65:88-101. [PMID: 35623559 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Triplication of genes encoded in human chromosome 21 (HSA21) is responsible for the phenotypes of Down syndrome (DS). The dosage-imbalance of the nuclear genes and the extra-nuclear mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) jointly contributes to patho-mechanisms in DS. The mitochondrial organelles are the power house of cells for generation of ATP and maintaining cellular calcium and redox homeostasis, and cellular energy-metabolism processes. Each cell contains hundreds to thousands of mitochondria depending on their energy consumption. The dynamic structure of mitochondria is maintained with continuous fission and fusion events, and thus, content of mtDNA and its genetic composition are widely variable among cells. Cells of brain and heart tissues of DS patients and DS-mouse models have demonstrated elevated number but reduced amount of mtDNA due to higher fission process. This mechanism perturbs the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and generates more free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting contribution of mtDNA in proliferation and protection of cells from endogenous toxic environment and external stressors. Gene-dosage in DS population collectively contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction by lowering energy production and respiratory capacity via the impaired OXPHOS, and damaged redox homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics in all types of cells in DS. The context is highly complex and affects the functioning of all organs. The effect in brain and heart tissues promotes myriads of neurodegenerative diseases and cardiac complexities in individuals with DS. Crosstalk between trisomic nuclear and mitochondrial genome has been crucial for identification of potential therapeutic targets.
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Evangelakos I, Kuhl A, Baguhl M, Schlein C, John C, Rohde JK, Heine M, Heeren J, Worthmann A. Cold-Induced Lipoprotein Clearance in Cyp7b1-Deficient Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:836741. [PMID: 35478959 PMCID: PMC9038073 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.836741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as an appealing therapeutic target for cardio metabolic diseases. BAT is a heat-producing organ and upon activation substantially lowers hyperlipidemia. In response to cold exposure, not only the uptake of lipids into BAT is increased but also the Cyp7b1-mediated synthesis of bile acids (BA) from cholesterol in the liver is triggered. In addition to their role for intestinal lipid digestion, BA act as endocrine signals that can activate thermogenesis in BAT. When exposed to cold temperatures, Cyp7b1−/− mice have compromised BAT function along with reduced fecal bile acid levels. Here, we aim to evaluate the role of Cyp7b1 for BAT-dependent lipid clearance. Using metabolic studies with radioactive tracers, we show that in response to a cold stimulus, BAT-mediated clearance of fatty acids derived from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), and their remnants are reduced in Cyp7b1−/− mice. The impaired lipid uptake can be explained by reduced BAT lipoprotein lipase (LPL) levels and compromised organ activity in Cyp7b1−/− mice, which may be linked to impaired insulin signaling. Overall, our findings reveal that alterations of systemic lipoprotein metabolism mediated by cold-activated BAT are dependent, at least in part, on CYP7Β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Evangelakos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kuhl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Baguhl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clara John
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia K. Rohde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Anna Worthmann,
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van de Wal M, Adjobo-Hermans M, Keijer J, Schirris T, Homberg J, Wieckowski MR, Grefte S, van Schothorst EM, van Karnebeek C, Quintana A, Koopman WJH. Ndufs4 knockout mouse models of Leigh syndrome: pathophysiology and intervention. Brain 2021; 145:45-63. [PMID: 34849584 PMCID: PMC8967107 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are small cellular constituents that generate cellular energy (ATP) by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Dysfunction of these organelles is linked to a heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders, including diabetes, cancer, ageing-related pathologies and rare mitochondrial diseases. With respect to the latter, mutations in subunit-encoding genes and assembly factors of the first OXPHOS complex (complex I) induce isolated complex I deficiency and Leigh syndrome. This syndrome is an early-onset, often fatal, encephalopathy with a variable clinical presentation and poor prognosis due to the lack of effective intervention strategies. Mutations in the nuclear DNA-encoded NDUFS4 gene, encoding the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 (NDUFS4) of complex I, induce ‘mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 1’ (MC1DN1) and Leigh syndrome in paediatric patients. A variety of (tissue-specific) Ndufs4 knockout mouse models were developed to study the Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and intervention testing. Here, we review and discuss the role of complex I and NDUFS4 mutations in human mitochondrial disease, and review how the analysis of Ndufs4 knockout mouse models has generated new insights into the MC1ND1/Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and its therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa van de Wal
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry (286), RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sander Grefte
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Chen K, Sun Z. Estrogen inhibits renal Na-Pi Co-transporters and improves klotho deficiency-induced acute heart failure. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102173. [PMID: 34678656 PMCID: PMC8577443 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective and hypothesis Klotho is an aging-suppressor gene. Mutation of Klotho gene causes hyperphosphatemia and acute heart failure. However, the relationship of hyperphosphatemia and acute heart failure is unclear. We hypothesize that hyperphosphatemia mediates Klotho deficiency-induced acute heart failure and further that therapeutic reduction of hyperphosphatemia prevents acute heart failure in Klotho mutant (KL(−/−)) mice. Methods and results A significant elevation of serum phosphorus levels and a large reduction of heart function were found in KL(−/−) mice by six weeks of age. Normalization of serum phosphorus levels by low phosphate diet (LPD) rescued Klotho deficiency-induced heart failure and extended lifespan in male mice. Klotho deficiency impaired cardiac mitochondrial respiratory enzyme function and increased superoxide production, oxidative stress, and cardiac cell apoptosis in male KL(−/−) mice which can be eliminated by LPD. LPD, however, did not rescue hyperphosphatemia or heart failure in female KL(−/−) mice. LPD did not affect estrogen depletion in female KL(−/−) mice. Normalization of serum estrogen levels by treatment with 17β-estradiol prevented hyperphosphatemia and heart failure in female KL(−/−) mice. Mechanistically, treatment with 17β-estradiol rescued hyperphosphatemia via inhibiting renal Na-Pi co-transporter expression. Normalization of serum phosphorus levels by treatment with 17β-estradiol also abolished cardiac mitochondrial respiratory enzyme dysfunction, ROS overproduction, oxidative stress and cardiac cell apoptosis in female KL(−/−) mice. Conclusion Klotho deficiency causes acute heart failure via hyperphosphatemia in male mice which can be prevented by LPD. 17β-estradiol prevents Klotho deficiency-induced hyperphosphatemia and heart failure by eliminating upregulation of renal Na-Pi co-transporter expression in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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7
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Nobile MS, Votta G, Palorini R, Spolaor S, De Vitto H, Cazzaniga P, Ricciardiello F, Mauri G, Alberghina L, Chiaradonna F, Besozzi D. Fuzzy modeling and global optimization to predict novel therapeutic targets in cancer cells. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:2181-2188. [PMID: 31750879 PMCID: PMC7141866 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation The elucidation of dysfunctional cellular processes that can induce the onset of a disease is a challenging issue from both the experimental and computational perspectives. Here we introduce a novel computational method based on the coupling between fuzzy logic modeling and a global optimization algorithm, whose aims are to (1) predict the emergent dynamical behaviors of highly heterogeneous systems in unperturbed and perturbed conditions, regardless of the availability of quantitative parameters, and (2) determine a minimal set of system components whose perturbation can lead to a desired system response, therefore facilitating the design of a more appropriate experimental strategy. Results We applied this method to investigate what drives K-ras-induced cancer cells, displaying the typical Warburg effect, to death or survival upon progressive glucose depletion. The optimization analysis allowed to identify new combinations of stimuli that maximize pro-apoptotic processes. Namely, our results provide different evidences of an important protective role for protein kinase A in cancer cells under several cellular stress conditions mimicking tumor behavior. The predictive power of this method could facilitate the assessment of the response of other complex heterogeneous systems to drugs or mutations in fields as medicine and pharmacology, therefore paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic treatments. Availability and implementation The source code of FUMOSO is available under the GPL 2.0 license on GitHub at the following URL: https://github.com/aresio/FUMOSO Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco S Nobile
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.,SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppina Votta
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Roberta Palorini
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Simone Spolaor
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.,SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Humberto De Vitto
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Paolo Cazzaniga
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo 24129, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricciardiello
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Mauri
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.,SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Lilia Alberghina
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Daniela Besozzi
- Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano 20126, Italy.,SYSBIO.IT Centre for Systems Biology, Milano 20126, Italy
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8
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Zung N, Schuldiner M. New horizons in mitochondrial contact site research. Biol Chem 2020; 401:793-809. [PMID: 32324151 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Contact sites, areas where two organelles are held in close proximity through the action of molecular tethers, enable non-vesicular communication between compartments. Mitochondria have been center stage in the contact site field since the discovery of the first contact between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) over 60 years ago. However, only now, in the last decade, has there been a burst of discoveries regarding contact site biology in general and mitochondrial contacts specifically. The number and types of characterized contacts increased dramatically, new molecular mechanisms enabling contact formation were discovered, additional unexpected functions for contacts were shown, and their roles in cellular and organismal physiology were emphasized. Here, we focus on mitochondria as we highlight the most recent developments, future goals and unresolved questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Zung
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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9
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Adjobo-Hermans MJW, de Haas R, Willems PHGM, Wojtala A, van Emst-de Vries SE, Wagenaars JA, van den Brand M, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Nijtmans LG, Sazanov LA, Wieckowski MR, Koopman WJH. NDUFS4 deletion triggers loss of NDUFA12 in Ndufs4 -/- mice and Leigh syndrome patients: A stabilizing role for NDUFAF2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148213. [PMID: 32335026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in NDUFS4, which encodes an accessory subunit of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I (CI), induce Leigh syndrome (LS). LS is a poorly understood pediatric disorder featuring brain-specific anomalies and early death. To study the LS pathomechanism, we here compared OXPHOS proteomes between various Ndufs4-/- mouse tissues. Ndufs4-/- animals displayed significantly lower CI subunit levels in brain/diaphragm relative to other tissues (liver/heart/kidney/skeletal muscle), whereas other OXPHOS subunit levels were not reduced. Absence of NDUFS4 induced near complete absence of the NDUFA12 accessory subunit, a 50% reduction in other CI subunit levels, and an increase in specific CI assembly factors. Among the latter, NDUFAF2 was most highly increased. Regarding NDUFS4, NDUFA12 and NDUFAF2, identical results were obtained in Ndufs4-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and NDUFS4-mutated LS patient cells. Ndufs4-/- MEFs contained active CI in situ but blue-native-PAGE highlighted that NDUFAF2 attached to an inactive CI subcomplex (CI-830) and inactive assemblies of higher MW. In NDUFA12-mutated LS patient cells, NDUFA12 absence did not reduce NDUFS4 levels but triggered NDUFAF2 association to active CI. BN-PAGE revealed no such association in LS patient fibroblasts with mutations in other CI subunit-encoding genes where NDUFAF2 was attached to CI-830 (NDUFS1, NDUFV1 mutation) or not detected (NDUFS7 mutation). Supported by enzymological and CI in silico structural analysis, we conclude that absence of NDUFS4 induces near complete absence of NDUFA12 but not vice versa, and that NDUFAF2 stabilizes active CI in Ndufs4-/- mice and LS patient cells, perhaps in concert with mitochondrial inner membrane lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel J W Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sjenet E van Emst-de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jori A Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariel van den Brand
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo G Nijtmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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10
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Bucladesine Attenuates Spatial Learning and Hippocampal Mitochondrial Impairments Induced by 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Neurotox Res 2020; 38:38-49. [PMID: 32103463 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxic effects of systemic administration of 3, 4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has been attributed to MDMA and its metabolites. However, the role of the parent compound in MDMA-induced mitochondrial and memory impairment has not yet been investigated. Moreover, it is not yet studied that analogs of 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) could decrease these neurotoxic effects of MDMA. We wished to investigate the effects of the central administration of MDMA on spatial memory and mitochondrial function as well as the effects of bucladesine, a membrane-permeable analog of cAMP, on these effects of MDMA. We assessed the effects of pre-training bilateral intrahippocampal infusion of MDMA (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μg/side), bucladesine (10 and 100 μM) or combination of them on spatial memory, and different parameters of hippocampal mitochondrial function including the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial outer membrane damage, the amount of cytochrome c release as well as hippocampal ADP/ATP ratio. The results showed that MDMA caused spatial memory impairments as well as mitochondrial dysfunction as evidenced by the marked increase in hippocampal ADP/ATP ratio, ROS level, the collapse of MMP, mitochondrial swelling, and mitochondrial outer membrane damage leading to cytochrome c release from the mitochondria. The current study also found that bucladesine markedly reduced the destructive effects of MDMA. These results provide evidence of the role of the parent compound (MDMA) in MDMA-induced memory impairments through mitochondrial dysfunction. This study highlights the role of cAMP/PKA signaling in MDMA-induced memory and mitochondrial defects.
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11
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Dose concentration and spatial memory and brain mitochondrial function association after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) administration in rats. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:911-925. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Ben-Shachar D. The bimodal mechanism of interaction between dopamine and mitochondria as reflected in Parkinson's disease and in schizophrenia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 127:159-168. [PMID: 31848775 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are two CNS disorders in which dysfunctions in the dopaminergic system and mitochondria are major pathologies. The symptomology of both, PD a neurodegenerative disorder and SZ a neurodevelopmental disorder, is completely different. However, the pharmacological treatment of each of the diseases can cause a shift of symptoms into those characteristic of the other disease. In this review, I describe a pathological interaction between dopamine and mitochondria in both disorders, which due to differences in the extent of oxidative stress leads either to cell death and tissue degeneration as in PD substantia nigra pars compacta or to distorted neuronal activity, imbalanced neuronal circuitry and abnormal behavior and cognition in SZ. This review is in the honor of Moussa Youdim who introduced me to the secrets of research work. His enthusiasm, curiosity and novelty-seeking inspired me throughout my career. Thank you Moussa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus, and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9649, 31096, Haifa, Israel.
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13
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Namba T. BAP31 regulates mitochondrial function via interaction with Tom40 within ER-mitochondria contact sites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw1386. [PMID: 31206022 PMCID: PMC6561740 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is composed of large membrane-bound compartments, and its membrane subdomain appears to be in close contact with mitochondria via ER-mitochondria contact sites. Here, I demonstrate that the ER membrane protein, BAP31, acts as a key factor in mitochondrial homeostasis to stimulate the constitution of the mitochondrial complex I by forming an ER-mitochondria bridging protein complex. Within this complex, BAP31 interacts with mitochondria-localized proteins, including Tom40, to stimulate the translocation of NDUFS4, the component of complex I from the cytosol to the mitochondria. Disruption of the BAP31-Tom40 complex inhibits mitochondrial complex I activity and oxygen consumption by the decreased NDUFS4 localization to the mitochondria. Thus, the BAP31-Tom40 ER-mitochondria bridging complex mediates the regulation of mitochondrial function and plays a role as a previously unidentified stress sensor, representing a mechanism for the establishment of ER-mitochondria communication via contact sites between these organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takushi Namba
- Science Research Center, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan
- Department of Marine Resource Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8502, Japan.
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14
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Djouadi F, Bastin J. Mitochondrial Genetic Disorders: Cell Signaling and Pharmacological Therapies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040289. [PMID: 30925787 PMCID: PMC6523966 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and respiratory chain (RC) defects form a large group of inherited monogenic disorders sharing many common clinical and pathophysiological features, including disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics, but also, for example, oxidative stress and accumulation of noxious metabolites. Interestingly, several transcription factors or co-activators exert transcriptional control on both FAO and RC genes, and can be activated by small molecules, opening to possibly common therapeutic approaches for FAO and RC deficiencies. Here, we review recent data on the potential of various drugs or small molecules targeting pivotal metabolic regulators: peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein kinase A (PKA)) or interacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, to alleviate or to correct inborn FAO or RC deficiencies in cellular or animal models. The possible molecular mechanisms involved, in particular the contribution of mitochondrial biogenesis, are discussed. Applications of these pharmacological approaches as a function of genotype/phenotype are also addressed, which clearly orient toward personalized therapy. Finally, we propose that beyond the identification of individual candidate drugs/molecules, future pharmacological approaches should consider their combination, which could produce additive or synergistic effects that may further enhance their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Djouadi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | - Jean Bastin
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, F-75006 Paris, France.
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15
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de Almeida Chuffa LG, Seiva FRF, Cucielo MS, Silveira HS, Reiter RJ, Lupi LA. Mitochondrial functions and melatonin: a tour of the reproductive cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:837-863. [PMID: 30430198 PMCID: PMC11105419 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancers of the reproductive organs have a strong association with mitochondrial defects, and a deeper understanding of the role of this organelle in preneoplastic-neoplastic changes is important to determine the appropriate therapeutic intervention. Mitochondria are involved in events during cancer development, including metabolic and oxidative status, acquisition of metastatic potential, resistance to chemotherapy, apoptosis, and others. Because of their origin from melatonin-producing bacteria, mitochondria are speculated to produce melatonin and its derivatives at high levels; in addition, exogenously administered melatonin accumulates in the mitochondria against a concentration gradient. Melatonin is transported into tumor cell by GLUT/SLC2A and/or by the PEPT1/2 transporters, and plays beneficial roles in mitochondrial homeostasis, such as influencing oxidative phosphorylation and electron flux, ATP synthesis, bioenergetics, calcium influx, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Moreover, melatonin promotes mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating nuclear DNA and mtDNA transcriptional activities. This review focuses on the main functions of melatonin on mitochondrial processes, and reviews from a mechanistic standpoint, how mitochondrial crosstalk evolved in ovarian, endometrial, cervical, breast, and prostate cancers relative to melatonin's known actions. We put emphasis on signaling pathways whereby melatonin interferes within cancer-cell mitochondria after its administration. Depending on subtype and intratumor metabolic heterogeneity, melatonin seems to be helpful in promoting apoptosis, anti-proliferation, pro-oxidation, metabolic shifting, inhibiting neovasculogenesis and controlling inflammation, and restoration of chemosensitivity. This results in attenuation of development, progression, and metastatic potential of reproductive cancers, in addition to lowering the risk of recurrence and improving the life quality of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Spaulonci Silveira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHealth, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Luiz Antonio Lupi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP, São Paulo State University, P.O Box: 18618-689, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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16
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Proteomic analysis of cholera toxin adjuvant-stimulated human monocytes identifies Thrombospondin-1 and Integrin-β1 as strongly upregulated molecules involved in adjuvant activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2812. [PMID: 30808871 PMCID: PMC6391456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholera Toxin (CT) as well as its related non-toxic mmCT and dmLT mutant proteins have been shown to be potent adjuvants for mucosally administered vaccines. Their adjuvant activity involves activation of cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling and inflammasome/IL-1β pathways in antigen presenting cells (APC). To get a further understanding of the signal transduction and downstream pathways activated in APCs by this group of adjuvants we have, employing quantitative proteomic analytic tools, investigated human monocytes at various time points after treatment with CT. We report the activation of three main biological pathways among upregulated proteins, peaking at 16 hours of CT treatment: cellular organization, metabolism, and immune response. Specifically, in the further analyzed immune response pathway we note a strong upregulation of thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) and integrin β1 (ITGB1) in response to CT as well as to mmCT and dmLT, mediated via cAMP/PKA and NFKB signaling. Importantly, inhibition in vitro of THSB1 and ITGB1 in monocytes or primary dendritic cells using siRNA abrogated the ability of the treated APCs to promote an adjuvant-stimulated Th17 cell response when co-cultured with peripheral blood lymphocytes indicating the involvement of these molecules in the adjuvant action on APCs by CT, mmCT and dmLT.
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Hypercapnia Alters Alveolar Epithelial Repair by a pH-Dependent and Adenylate Cyclase-Mediated Mechanism. Sci Rep 2019; 9:349. [PMID: 30674971 PMCID: PMC6344503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cell injury and repair is a hallmark of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Lung protective mechanical ventilation strategies in these patients may lead to hypercapnia (HC). Although HC has been explored in the clinical context of ARDS, its effect upon alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) wounding and repair remains poorly understood. We have previously reported that HC alters the likelihood of AEC repair by a pH-sensitive but otherwise unknown mechanism. Adenylate cyclase (AC) is an attractive candidate as a putative AEC CO2 sensor and effector as it is bicarbonate sensitive and controls key mediators of AEC repair. The effect of HC on AC activity and plasma membrane (PM) wound repair was measured in AEC type 1 exposed to normocapnia (NC, 40 Torr) or HC (80 Torr), ± tromethamine (THAM) or sodium bicarbonate (HCO3) ± AC probes in a micropuncture model of AEC injury relevant to ARDS. Intracellular pH and AC activity were measured and correlated with repair. HC decreased intracellular pH 0.56, cAMP by 37%, and absolute PM repair rate by 26%. Buffering or pharmacologic manipulation of AC reduced or reversed the effects of HC on AC activity (THAM 103%, HCO3 113% of NC cAMP, ns; Forskolin 168%, p < 0.05) and PM repair (THAM 87%, HCO3 108% of NC likelihood to repair, ns; Forskolin 160%, p < 0.01). These findings suggest AC to be a putative AEC CO2 sensor and modulator of AEC repair, and may have implications for future pharmacologic targeting of downstream messengers of the AC-cAMP axis in experimental models of ARDS.
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Aguilera G, Colín-González AL, Rangel-López E, Chavarría A, Santamaría A. Redox Signaling, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1626-1651. [PMID: 28467722 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is part of the defense system that mostly microglia and macrophages display to induce normal signaling to counteract the deleterious actions of invading pathogens in the brain. Also, redox activity in the central nervous system (CNS) constitutes an integral part of the metabolic processes needed by cells to exert their normal molecular and biochemical functions. Under normal conditions, the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and the following oxidative activity encounter a healthy balance with immunological responses to preserve cell functions in the brain. However, under different pathological conditions, inflammatory responses recruit pro-oxidant signals and vice versa. The aim of this article is to review the basic concepts about the triggering of inflammatory and oxidative responses in the CNS. Recent Advances: Diverse concurrent toxic pathways are described to provide a solid mechanistic scope for considering intervention at the experimental and clinical levels that are aimed at diminishing the harmful actions of these two contributing factors to nerve cell damage. Critical Issues and Future Directions: The main conclusion supports the existence of a narrow cross-talk between pro-inflammatory and oxidative signals that can lead to neuronal damage and subsequent neurodegeneration. Further investigation about critical pathways crosslinking oxidative stress and inflammation will strength our knowlegde on this topic. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1626-1651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Aguilera
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Colín-González
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Rangel-López
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- 2 Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abel Santamaría
- 1 Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía , Mexico City, Mexico
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19
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Ben-Shachar D, Ene HM. Mitochondrial Targeted Therapies: Where Do We Stand in Mental Disorders? Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:770-779. [PMID: 28965983 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The neurobiology of psychiatric disorders is still unclear, although changes in multiple neuronal systems, specifically the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems as well as abnormalities in synaptic plasticity and neural connectivity, are currently suggested to underlie their pathophysiology. A growing body of evidence suggests multifaceted mitochondrial dysfunction in mental disorders, which is in line with their role in neuronal activity, growth, development, and plasticity. In this review, we describe the main endeavors toward development of treatments that will enhance mitochondrial function and their transition into clinical use in congenital mitochondrial diseases and chronic disorders such as types 1 and 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. In addition, we discuss the relevance of mitochondrial targeted treatments to mental disorders and their potential to become a novel therapeutic strategy that will improve the efficiency of the current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Hila M Ene
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Health Care Campus and B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in Medical Sciences, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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20
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A cAMP analog attenuates beta-amyloid (1-42)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and spatial learning and memory deficits. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:34-42. [PMID: 29605485 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder in elderly, is indicated with deposition of Amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain and accompanied with cognitive impairment. Bucladesine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, may ameliorate AD's cognitive dysfunctions through mimicking the action of cAMP and raising its intracellular level. Here, we investigated the effects of bucladesine on Aβ-induced memory and learning impairment in a Morris water maze (MWM) model. Rats were injected with bucladesine (1 μl/side from a 100 μM stock solution) and Aβ (1 μl/side from a 100 μM stock solution) intra-hippocampally and after 19 days were trained for 4 successive days. The oxidative stress was evaluated through measurement of thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), thiol groups, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Effect of Aβ and its combination with bucladesine on the mitochondrial function was assessed according to changes in the ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial swelling, ATP/ADP ratio, mitochondrial outer membrane damage and cytochrome C release. Our results showed a significant elevation in TBARS level after administration of Aβ causing mitochondrial ROS generation, swelling, outer membrane damage, cytochrome C release and also lower thiol, FRAP, and MMP levels. Aβ-induced spatial memory impairment was prevented by pre-treatment with bucladesine and the changed mitochondrial and biochemical indices upon treatment dose were improved. Taken together, we have obtained satisfactory results suggesting protecting effects of bucladesine against the Aβ-mediated memory deficit and implying its plausible beneficial capacity as a therapeutic agent in oxidative stress-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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21
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Özeş AR, Pulliam N, Ertosun MG, Yılmaz Ö, Tang J, Çopuroğlu E, Matei D, Özeş ON, Nephew KP. Protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation regulates STAT3 activation and oncogenic EZH2 activity. Oncogene 2018; 37:3589-3600. [PMID: 29576612 PMCID: PMC6023775 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) member enhancer of zeste homologue 2
(EZH2) trimethylates histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), alters chromatin structure
and contributes to epigenetic regulation of gene expression in normal and
disease processes. Phosphorylation of EZH2 augmented EZH2 oncogenic activity in
cancer but observations have been limited to serine 21
(S21) residue by protein kinase B.
In addition, phosphorylation of the evolutionarily conserved T372 motif of EZH2
by p38 resulted in EZH2 interaction with Ying Yang 1 and promoted muscle stem
cell differentiation. In the present study, we used epithelial ovarian cancer
(OC) cells as a model to demonstrate that phosphorylation of EZH2 at T372 by
protein kinase A (PKA) induced a dominant-negative EZH2 phenotype, inhibited OC
cell proliferation and migration in vitro and decreased ovarian
xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Phosphorylation of T372 by PKA
enhanced the interaction between EZH2 and signal transducer and activator of
transcription 3 (STAT3), and STAT3 binding to pT372-EZH2 reduced cellular levels
of pSTAT3 and downregulated interleukin 6 receptor expression in OC.
Furthermore, PKA-mediated pT372-EZH2 decreased ATP levels and altered
mitochondrial gene expression, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and
reduced OC cell growth. These findings demonstrate that PKA-mediated T372
phosphorylation reduces oncogenic EZH2 activity and reveal a novel role for
pT372 in regulating EZH2 in OC and possibly other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali R Özeş
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Nick Pulliam
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Mustafa G Ertosun
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Özlem Yılmaz
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Jessica Tang
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Ece Çopuroğlu
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Osman N Özeş
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Kenneth P Nephew
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA. .,Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA. .,Departments of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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22
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Arita JH, Barros MH, Ravagnani FG, Ziosi M, Sanches LR, Picosse FR, Lopes TO, de Carvalho Aguiar P, Macabelli CH, Chiaratti MR, Pedroso JL, Quinzii CM, Barsottini OGP, Ferreiro-Barros CC. Metabolic studies of a patient harbouring a novel S487L mutation in the catalytic subunit of AMPK. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018. [PMID: 29526819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates many different metabolic pathways in eukaryote cells including mitochondria biogenesis and energy homeostasis. Here we identify a patient with hypotonia, weakness, delayed milestones and neurological impairment since birth harbouring a novel homozygous mutation in the AMPK catalytic α-subunit 1, encoded by the PRKAA1 gene. The homozygous mutation p.S487L in isoform 1 present in the patient is in a cryptic residue for AMPK activity. In the present study, we performed the characterization of mitochondrial respiratory properties of the patient, in comparison to healthy controls, through the culture of skin fibroblasts in order to understand some of the cellular consequences of the PRKAA1 mutation. In these assays, mitochondrial respiratory complex I showed lower activity, which was followed by a decrement in the mtDNA copy number, which is a probable consequence of the lower expression of PGC-1α and PRKAA1 itself as measured in our quantitative PCRs experiments. Confirming the effect of the patient mutation in respiration, transfection of patient fibroblasts with wild type PRKAA1 partially restore complex I level. The preliminary clinic evaluations of the patient suggested a metabolic defect related to the mitochondrial respiratory function, therefore treatment with CoQ10 supplementation dose started four years ago and a clear improvement in motor skills and strength has been achieved with this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Harumi Arita
- Setor de Neurologia Infantil, Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário H Barros
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcello Ziosi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Fabíola Rosa Picosse
- Departamento de Dermatologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia de Carvalho Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departmento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos R Chiaratti
- Departmento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCar, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Departmento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Skibiel AL, Zachut M, do Amaral BC, Levin Y, Dahl GE. Liver proteomic analysis of postpartum Holstein cows exposed to heat stress or cooling conditions during the dry period. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:705-716. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Herinckx G, Hussain N, Opperdoes FR, Storey KB, Rider MH, Vertommen D. Changes in the phosphoproteome of brown adipose tissue during hibernation in the ground squirrel, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus. Physiol Genomics 2017; 49:462-472. [PMID: 28698229 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian hibernation is characterized by metabolic rate depression and a strong decrease in core body temperature that together create energy savings such that most species do not have to eat over the winter months. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a thermogenic tissue that uses uncoupled mitochondrial respiration to generate heat instead of ATP, plays a major role in rewarming from deep torpor. In the present study we developed a label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) strategy to investigate both differential protein expression and protein phosphorylation in BAT extracts from euthermic vs. hibernating ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). In particular, we incorporated the filter-assisted sample preparation protocol, which provides a more in-depth analysis compared with gel-based and other LC-MS proteomics approaches. Surprisingly, mitochondrial membrane and matrix protein expression in BAT was largely constant between active euthermic squirrels and their hibernating counterparts. Validation by immunoblotting confirmed that the protein levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes were largely unchanged in hibernating vs. euthermic animals. On the other hand, phosphoproteomics revealed that pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) phosphorylation increased during squirrel hibernation, confirmed by immunoblotting with phospho-specific antibodies. PDH phosphorylation leads to its inactivation, which suggests that BAT carbohydrate oxidation is inhibited during hibernation. Phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was also found to increase during hibernation, suggesting that HSL would be active in BAT to produce the fatty acids that are likely the primary fuel for thermogenesis upon arousal. Increased perilipin phosphorylation along with that of a number of other proteins was also revealed, emphasizing the importance of protein phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism during mammalian hibernation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Herinckx
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; and
| | - Nusrat Hussain
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; and
| | - Fred R Opperdoes
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; and
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark H Rider
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; and
| | - Didier Vertommen
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; and
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Papa S, Capitanio G, Papa F. The mechanism of coupling between oxido-reduction and proton translocation in respiratory chain enzymes. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Papa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs (BMSNSO), Section of Medical Biochemistry; University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’; Piazza G. Cesare 11 70124 Bari Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics; National Research Council at BMSNSO; Piazza G. Cesare 11 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Giuseppe Capitanio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs (BMSNSO), Section of Medical Biochemistry; University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’; Piazza G. Cesare 11 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Francesco Papa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs (BMSNSO), Section of Medical Biochemistry; University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’; Piazza G. Cesare 11 70124 Bari Italy
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Modular transcriptional repertoire and MicroRNA target analyses characterize genomic dysregulation in the thymus of Down syndrome infants. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7497-533. [PMID: 26848775 PMCID: PMC4884935 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21-driven transcriptional alterations in human thymus were characterized through gene coexpression network (GCN) and miRNA-target analyses. We used whole thymic tissue--obtained at heart surgery from Down syndrome (DS) and karyotipically normal subjects (CT)--and a network-based approach for GCN analysis that allows the identification of modular transcriptional repertoires (communities) and the interactions between all the system's constituents through community detection. Changes in the degree of connections observed for hierarchically important hubs/genes in CT and DS networks corresponded to community changes. Distinct communities of highly interconnected genes were topologically identified in these networks. The role of miRNAs in modulating the expression of highly connected genes in CT and DS was revealed through miRNA-target analysis. Trisomy 21 gene dysregulation in thymus may be depicted as the breakdown and altered reorganization of transcriptional modules. Leading networks acting in normal or disease states were identified. CT networks would depict the "canonical" way of thymus functioning. Conversely, DS networks represent a "non-canonical" way, i.e., thymic tissue adaptation under trisomy 21 genomic dysregulation. This adaptation is probably driven by epigenetic mechanisms acting at chromatin level and through the miRNA control of transcriptional programs involving the networks' high-hierarchy genes.
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Skladnev NV, Ganeshan V, Kim JY, Burton TJ, Mitrofanis J, Stone J, Johnstone DM. Widespread brain transcriptome alterations underlie the neuroprotective actions of dietary saffron. J Neurochem 2016; 139:858-871. [PMID: 27696408 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary saffron has shown promise as a neuroprotective intervention in clinical trials of retinal degeneration and dementia and in animal models of multiple CNS disorders, including Parkinson's disease. This therapeutic potential makes it important to define the relationship between dose and protection and the mechanisms involved. To explore these two issues, mice were pre-conditioned by providing an aqueous extract of saffron (0.01% w/v) as their drinking water for 2, 5 or 10 days before administration of the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPTP (50 mg/kg). Five days of saffron pre-conditioning provided the greatest benefit against MPTP-induced neuropathology, significantly mitigating both loss of functional dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (p < 0.01) and abnormal neuronal activity in the caudate-putamen complex (p < 0.0001). RNA microarray analysis of the brain transcriptome of mice pre-conditioned with saffron for 5 days revealed differential expression of 424 genes. Bioinformatics analysis identified enrichment of molecular pathways (e.g. adherens junction, TNFR1 and Fas signaling) and expression changes in candidate genes (Cyr61, Gpx8, Ndufs4, and Nos1ap) with known neuroprotective actions. The apparent biphasic nature of the dose-response relationship between saffron and measures of neuroprotection, together with the stress-inducible nature of many of the up-regulated genes and pathways, lend credence to the idea that saffron, like various other phytochemicals, is a hormetic stimulus, with functions beyond its strong antioxidant capacity. These findings provide impetus for a more comprehensive evaluation of saffron as a neuroprotective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas V Skladnev
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Varshika Ganeshan
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Thomas J Burton
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Mitrofanis
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Stone
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel M Johnstone
- Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bergman O, Ben-Shachar D. Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System (OXPHOS) Deficits in Schizophrenia: Possible Interactions with Cellular Processes. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 61:457-69. [PMID: 27412728 PMCID: PMC4959648 DOI: 10.1177/0706743716648290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key players in the generation and regulation of cellular bioenergetics, producing the majority of adenosine triphosphate molecules by the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). Linked to numerous signaling pathways and cellular functions, mitochondria, and OXPHOS in particular, are involved in neuronal development, connectivity, plasticity, and differentiation. Impairments in a variety of mitochondrial functions have been described in different general and psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), a severe, chronic, debilitating illness that heavily affects the lives of patients and their families. This article reviews findings emphasizing the role of OXPHOS in the pathophysiology of SCZ. Evidence accumulated during the past few decades from imaging, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies points at OXPHOS deficit involvement in SCZ. Abnormalities have been reported in high-energy phosphates generated by the OXPHOS, in the activity of its complexes and gene expression, primarily of complex I (CoI). In addition, cellular signaling such as cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and Ca(+2), neuronal development, connectivity, and plasticity have been linked to OXPHOS function and are reported to be impaired in SCZ. Finally, CoI has been shown as a site of interaction for both dopamine (DA) and antipsychotic drugs, further substantiating its role in the pathology of SCZ. Understanding the role of mitochondria and the OXPHOS in particular may encourage new insights into the pathophysiology and etiology of this debilitating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Bergman
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dorit Ben-Shachar
- Laboratory of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel
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29
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García-Ruiz I, Solís-Muñoz P, Fernández-Moreira D, Grau M, Muñoz-Yagüe T, Solís-Herruzo JA. NADPH oxidase is implicated in the pathogenesis of oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction in mice fed a high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23664. [PMID: 27173483 PMCID: PMC4866080 DOI: 10.1038/srep23664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of NADPH oxidase (NADPHox) in the pathogenesis of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) dysfunction as found in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). C57BL/6J mice were distributed in four groups: WT/SCD: six wild-type (WT) mice fed a standard chow diet (SCD); WT/HFD, six WT mice fed a HFD; NOX2(-/-)/SCD, six NADPHox-deficient mice on a SCD; (4) NOX2(-/-)/HFD, six NADPHox-deficient mice on a HFD. After 32 weeks, we studied the liver for: histology; OXPHOS complex activity; fully assembled OXPHOS complexes and their subunits; gene expression of OXPHOS subunits; oxidative and nitrosative stress; and oxidative DNA damage. In the liver of WT/HFD mice, we found a significant decreased in the activity of all OXPHOS complexes, in fully assembled complexes, in the amount of OXPHOS subunits, and in gene expression of mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunits. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine was only increased in mitochondrial DNA. The liver of NOX(-/-)/HFD mice showed mild steatosis but no non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) lesions were found. OXPHOS activity, OXPHOS subunits, and assembly of subunits into OXPHOS complexes were normal in these mice. We conclude that this study shows that NADPH deficiency protects mice from developing OXPHOS dysfunction and NASH caused by a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada García-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación, Laboratorio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, 28041-Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Solís-Muñoz
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, SE5 9RS, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Fernández-Moreira
- Servicio de Bromatología e Higiene Alimentaria, Centro Militar de Veterinaria del Ministerio de Defensa, 28024-Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Grau
- Centro de Investigación, Laboratorio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, 28041-Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Muñoz-Yagüe
- Centro de Investigación, Laboratorio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, 28041-Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Solís-Herruzo
- Centro de Investigación, Laboratorio de Gastroenterología y Hepatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, 28041-Madrid, Spain
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ROS and ROS-Mediated Cellular Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4350965. [PMID: 26998193 PMCID: PMC4779832 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4350965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1071] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can modify the cell-signaling proteins and have functional consequences, which successively mediate pathological processes such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, unchecked growth, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and aging. While numerous articles have demonstrated the impacts of ROS on various signaling pathways and clarify the mechanism of action of cell-signaling proteins, their influence on the level of intracellular ROS, and their complex interactions among multiple ROS associated signaling pathways, the systemic summary is necessary. In this review paper, we particularly focus on the pattern of the generation and homeostasis of intracellular ROS, the mechanisms and targets of ROS impacting on cell-signaling proteins (NF-κB, MAPKs, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE, and PI3K-Akt), ion channels and transporters (Ca(2+) and mPTP), and modifying protein kinase and Ubiquitination/Proteasome System.
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31
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De Rasmo D, Micelli L, Santeramo A, Signorile A, Lattanzio P, Papa S. cAMP regulates the functional activity, coupling efficiency and structural organization of mammalian FOF1 ATP synthase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:350-8. [PMID: 26775111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study shows that in isolated mitochondria and myoblast cultures depletion of cAMP, induced by sAC inhibition, depresses both ATP synthesis and hydrolysis by the FOF1 ATP synthase (complex V) of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). These effects are accompanied by the decrease of the respiratory membrane potential, decreased level of FOF1 connecting subunits and depressed oligomerization of the complex. All these effects of sAC inhibition are prevented by the addition of the membrane-permeant 8-Br-cAMP. These results show, for the first time, that cAMP promotes ATP production by complex V and prevents, at the same time, its detour to a mitochondrial membrane leak conductance, which is involved in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico De Rasmo
- Institute of Biomembrane and Bioenergetics, National Research Council, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Loris Micelli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Arcangela Santeramo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Anna Signorile
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Paolo Lattanzio
- Institute of Biomembrane and Bioenergetics, National Research Council, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Sergio Papa
- Institute of Biomembrane and Bioenergetics, National Research Council, Bari 70124, Italy; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari 70124, Italy
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32
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Lark DS, Reese LR, Ryan TE, Torres MJ, Smith CD, Lin CT, Neufer PD. Protein Kinase A Governs Oxidative Phosphorylation Kinetics and Oxidant Emitting Potential at Complex I. Front Physiol 2015; 6:332. [PMID: 26635618 PMCID: PMC4646981 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS) is responsible for setting and maintaining both the energy and redox charges throughout the cell. Reversible phosphorylation of mitochondrial proteins, particularly via the soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC)/cyclic AMP (cAMP)/Protein kinase A (PKA) axis, has recently been revealed as a potential mechanism regulating the ETS. However, the governance of cAMP/PKA signaling and its implications on ETS function are incompletely understood. In contrast to prior reports using exogenous bicarbonate, we provide evidence that endogenous CO2 produced by increased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux is insufficient to increase mitochondrial cAMP levels, and that exogenous addition of membrane permeant 8Br-cAMP does not enhance mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We also report important non-specific effects of commonly used inhibitors of sAC which preclude their use in studies of mitochondrial function. In isolated liver mitochondria, inhibition of PKA reduced complex I-, but not complex II-supported respiratory capacity. In permeabilized myofibers, inhibition of PKA lowered both the Km and Vmax for complex I-supported respiration as well as succinate-supported H2O2 emitting potential. In summary, the data provided here improve our understanding of how mitochondrial cAMP production is regulated, illustrate a need for better tools to examine the impact of sAC activity on mitochondrial biology, and suggest that cAMP/PKA signaling contributes to the governance of electron flow through complex I of the ETS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Lark
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Lauren R Reese
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Terence E Ryan
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Maria J Torres
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Cody D Smith
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Chien-Te Lin
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA ; Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA
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Golizeh M, LeBlanc A, Sleno L. Identification of Acetaminophen Adducts of Rat Liver Microsomal Proteins using 2D-LC-MS/MS. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:2142-50. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makan Golizeh
- Chemistry
Department/Pharmaqam, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), Montréal, Québec H2X 2J6, Canada
| | - André LeBlanc
- Chemistry
Department/Pharmaqam, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), Montréal, Québec H2X 2J6, Canada
| | - Lekha Sleno
- Chemistry
Department/Pharmaqam, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), Montréal, Québec H2X 2J6, Canada
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34
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Ren L, Wang Z, An L, Zhang Z, Tan K, Miao K, Tao L, Cheng L, Zhang Z, Yang M, Wu Z, Tian J. Dynamic comparisons of high-resolution expression profiles highlighting mitochondria-related genes between in vivo and in vitro fertilized early mouse embryos. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:2892-911. [PMID: 26385791 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does in vitro fertilization (IVF) induce comprehensive and consistent changes in gene expression associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and function in mouse embryos from the pre- to post-implantation stage? SUMMARY ANSWER IVF-induced consistent mitochondrial dysfunction in early mouse embryos by altering the expression of a number of mitochondria-related genes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Although IVF is generally safe and successful for the treatment of human infertility, there is increasing evidence that those conceived by IVF suffer increased health risks. The mitochondrion is a multifunctional organelle that plays a crucial role in early development. We hypothesized that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with increased IVF-induced embryonic defects and risks in offspring. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION After either IVF and development (IVO groups as control) or IVF and culture (IVF groups), blastocysts were collected and transferred to pseudo-pregnant recipient mice. Both IVO and IVF embryos were sampled at E3.5, E7.5 and E10.5, and the expression profiles of mitochondria-related genes from the pre- to post-implantation stage were compared. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS ICR mice (5- to 6-week-old males and 8- to 9-week-old females) were used to generate IVO and IVF blastocysts. Embryo day (E) 3.5 blastocysts were transferred to pseudo-pregnant recipient mice. Both IVO and IVF embryos were sampled at E3.5, E7.5 and E10.5 for generating transcriptome data. Mitochondria-related genes were filtered for dynamic functional profiling. Mitochondrial dysfunctions indicated by bioinformatic analysis were further validated using cytological and molecular detection, morphometric and phenotypic analysis and integrated analysis with other high-throughput data. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 806, 795 and 753 mitochondria-related genes were significantly (P < 0.05) dysregulated in IVF embryos at E3.5, E7.5 and E10.5, respectively. Dynamic functional profiling, together with cytological and molecular investigations, indicated that IVF-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions mainly included: (i) inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis and impaired maintenance of DNA methylation of mitochondria-related genes during the post-implantation stage; (ii) dysregulated glutathione/glutathione peroxidase (GSH/Gpx) system and increased mitochondria-mediated apoptosis; (iii) disturbed mitochondrial β-oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation and amino acid metabolism; and (iv) disrupted mitochondrial transmembrane transport and membrane organization. We also demonstrated that some mitochondrial dysfunctions in IVF embryos, including impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, dysregulated GSH homeostasis and reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis, can be rescued by treatment with melatonin, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, during in vitro culture. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Findings in mouse embryos and fetuses may not be fully transferable to humans. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to determine their clinical significance better. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The present study provides a new insight in understanding the mechanism of IVF-induced aberrations during embryonic development and the increased health risks in the offspring. In addition, we highlighted the possibility of improving existing IVF systems by modulating mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Ren
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuqing Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei An
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhennan Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kun Tan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Miao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Tao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linghua Cheng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenni Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonghong Wu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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Rider MH. Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in metabolic depression in animals. J Comp Physiol B 2015; 186:1-16. [PMID: 26174210 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-015-0920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved eukaryotic protein serine/threonine kinase that controls cellular and whole body energy homoeostasis. AMPK is activated during energy stress by a rise in AMP:ATP ratio and maintains energy balance by phosphorylating targets to switch on catabolic ATP-generating pathways, while at the same time switching off anabolic ATP-consuming processes. Metabolic depression is a strategy used by many animals to survive environmental stress and has been extensively studied across phylogeny by comparative biochemists and physiologists, but the role of AMPK has only recently been addressed. This review first deals with the evolution of AMPK in eukaryotes (excluding plants and fungi) and its regulation. Changes in adenine nucleotides and AMPK activation are described in animals during environmental energy stress, before considering the involvement of AMPK in controlling β-oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, triacylglycerol mobilization and protein synthesis. Lastly, strategies are presented to validate the role of AMPK in mediating metabolic depression by phosphorylating downstream targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Rider
- de Duve Institute and Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 75, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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36
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Abstract
Proinflammatory macrophage activation is coupled to a metabolic switch toward glycolysis. In Cell Metabolism, Jin et al. (2014) show that this process is negatively regulated by mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I through both cell intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110-1093, USA
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110-1093, USA.
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37
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Steer EK, Dail MK, Chu CT. Beyond mitophagy: cytosolic PINK1 as a messenger of mitochondrial health. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1047-59. [PMID: 25557302 PMCID: PMC4390087 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Disruptions in mitochondrial homeostasis are implicated in human diseases across the lifespan. Recessive mutations in PINK1, which encodes the mitochondrially targeted PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), cause an autosomal recessive form of Parkinson's disease. As with all kinases, PINK1 participates in multiple functional pathways, and its dysregulation has been implicated in a growing number of diseases. RECENT ADVANCES In addition to its heavily studied role in mitophagy, PINK1 regulates mitochondrial respiratory function, reactive oxygen species generation, and mitochondrial transport. Moreover, recent studies implicate processed PINK1 in cytosolic signaling cascades that promote cell survival and neuron differentiation. Cytosolic PINK1 is also capable of suppressing autophagy and mitophagy. We propose a working hypothesis that PINK1 is released by functional mitochondria as a signal to coordinate cell growth and differentiation in response to mitochondrial status. CRITICAL ISSUES PINK1 biology needs to be better understood in primary neurons, as the stability and subcellular localization of PINK1 is differentially regulated in different cell types. Delineating factors that regulate its mitochondrial import/export, processing by different peptidases, kinase activity, subcellular localization, and degradation will be important for defining relevant downstream kinase targets. FUTURE DIRECTIONS It is becoming clear that different subcellular pools of PINK1 mediate distinct functions. Future studies will undoubtedly expand on the spectrum of cellular functions regulated by PINK1. Continued study of cytosolic PINK1 may offer novel insights into how functional mitochondria communicate their status with the rest of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Steer
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Cormio A, Cormio G, Musicco C, Sardanelli AM, Gasparre G, Gadaleta MN. Mitochondrial changes in endometrial carcinoma: possible role in tumor diagnosis and prognosis (review). Oncol Rep 2014; 33:1011-8. [PMID: 25530491 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a solid neoplasia for which a role for mitochondria in cancer progression is currently emerging and yet represents a diagnostic and prognostic challenge. EC is one of the most frequently occurring gynecological malignancies in the Western world whose incidence has increased significantly during the last decades. Here, we review the literature data on mitochondrial changes reported in EC, namely, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and discuss whether they may be used as new cancer biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cormio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Oncologico 'Giovanni Paolo II', Bari, Italy
| | - Clara Musicco
- CNR-Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Sardanelli
- Department of Basical Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Genetics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Fišar Z, Singh N, Hroudová J. Cannabinoid-induced changes in respiration of brain mitochondria. Toxicol Lett 2014; 231:62-71. [PMID: 25195527 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids exert various biological effects that are either receptor-mediated or independent of receptor signaling. Mitochondrial effects of cannabinoids were interpreted either as non-receptor-mediated alteration of mitochondrial membranes, or as indirect consequences of activation of plasma membrane type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1). Recently, CB1 receptors were confirmed to be localized to the membranes of neuronal mitochondria, where their activation directly regulates respiration and energy production. Here, we performed in-depth analysis of cannabinoid-induced changes of mitochondrial respiration using both an antagonist/inverse agonist of CB1 receptors, AM251 and the cannabinoid receptor agonists, Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, anandamide, and WIN 55,212-2. Relationships were determined between cannabinoid concentration and respiratory rate driven by substrates of complex I, II or IV in pig brain mitochondria. Either full or partial inhibition of respiratory rate was found for the tested drugs, with an IC50 in the micromolar range, which verified the significant role of non-receptor-mediated mechanism in inhibiting mitochondrial respiration. Effect of stepwise application of THC and AM251 evidenced protective role of AM251 and corroborated the participation of CB1 receptor activation in the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. We proposed a model, which includes both receptor- and non-receptor-mediated mechanisms of cannabinoid action on mitochondrial respiration. This model explains both the inhibitory effect of cannabinoids and the protective effect of the CB1 receptor inverse agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Fišar
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, Prague 2 120 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, Prague 2 120 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Hroudová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, Prague 2 120 00, Czech Republic.
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40
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Vartak RS, Semwal MK, Bai Y. An update on complex I assembly: the assembly of players. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:323-8. [PMID: 25030182 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Defects in Complex I assembly is one of the emerging underlying causes of severe mitochondrial disorders. The assembly of Complex I has been difficult to understand due to its large size, dual genetic control and the number of proteins involved. Mutations in Complex I subunits as well as assembly factors have been reported to hinder its assembly and give rise to a range of mitochondria disorders. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in understanding the Complex I assembly pathway. In particularly, we focus on the known as well as novel assembly factors and their role in assembly of Complex I and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika S Vartak
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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41
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Travaglione S, Loizzo S, Rizza T, Del Brocco A, Ballan G, Guidotti M, Vona R, Di Nottia M, Torraco A, Carrozzo R, Fiorentini C, Fabbri A. Enhancement of mitochondrial ATP production by the Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1. FEBS J 2014; 281:3473-88. [PMID: 24925215 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that constantly change shape and structure in response to different stimuli and metabolic demands of the cell. The Escherichia coli protein toxin cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) has recently been reported to influence mitochondrial activity in a mouse model of Rett syndrome and to increase ATP content in the brain tissue of an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. In the present work, the ability of CNF1 to influence mitochondrial activity was investigated in IEC-6 normal intestinal crypt cells. In these cells, the toxin was able to induce an increase in cellular ATP content, probably due to an increment of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. In addition, the CNF1-induced Rho GTPase activity also caused changes in the mitochondrial architecture that mainly consisted in the formation of a complex network of elongated mitochondria. The involvement of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A signaling pathway was postulated. Our results demonstrate that CNF1 positively affects mitochondria by bursting their energetic function and modifying their morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Travaglione
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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42
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Duarte M, Tomás AM. The mitochondrial complex I of trypanosomatids--an overview of current knowledge. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:299-311. [PMID: 24961227 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of trypanosomatid mitochondrial complex I for energy transduction has long been debated. Herein, we summarize current knowledge on the composition and relevance of this enzyme. Bioinformatic and proteomic analyses allowed the identification of many conserved and trypanosomatid-specific subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, revealing a multifunctional enzyme capable of performing bioenergetic activities and possibly, also of functioning in fatty acid metabolism. A multimeric structure organized in 5 domains of more than 2 MDa is predicted, in contrast to the 1 MDa described for mammalian complex I. The relevance of mitochondrial complex I within the Trypanosomatidae family is quite diverse with its NADH oxidation activity being dispensable for both procyclic and bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei, whereas in Phytomonas serpens the enzyme is the only respiratory complex able to sustain membrane potential. Aside from complex I, trypanosomatid mitochondria contain a type II NADH dehydrogenase and a NADH-dependent fumarate reductase as alternative electron entry points into the respiratory chain and thus, some trypanosomatids may have bypassed the need for complex I. The involvement of each of these enzymes in the maintenance of the mitochondrial redox balance in trypanosomatids is still an open question and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Duarte
- IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal,
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43
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Hur JH, Stork DA, Walker DW. Complex-I-ty in aging. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:329-35. [PMID: 24961226 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The role of mitochondrial complex I in aging has been studied in both C. elegans and Drosophila, where RNAi knock down of specific complex I subunits has been shown to extend lifespan. More recently, studies in Drosophila have shown that an increase in mitochondrial activity, including complex I-like activity, can also slow aging. In this review, we discuss this apparent paradox. Improved maintenance of mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial homeostasis, may be responsible for lifespan extension in both cases. Decreased electron transport chain activity caused by reducing complex I subunit expression prompts an increase in stress response signaling that leads to enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis during aging. Increased complex I activity, as well as mitochondrial biogenesis, is expected to both directly counteract the decline in mitochondrial health that occurs during aging and may also increase cellular NAD(+) levels, which have been linked to mitochondrial homeostatic mechanisms through activation of sirtuins. We suggest that manipulations that increase or decrease complex I activity both converge on improved mitochondrial homeostasis during aging, resulting in prolonged lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Hur
- Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA,
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44
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Rak M, Rustin P. Supernumerary subunits NDUFA3, NDUFA5 and NDUFA12 are required for the formation of the extramembrane arm of human mitochondrial complex I. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:1832-8. [PMID: 24717771 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian complex I is composed of fourteen highly conserved core subunits and additional thirty subunits acquired in the course of evolution. At present, the function of the majority of these supernumerary subunits is poorly understood. In this work, we have studied NDUFA3, NDUFA5 and NDUFA12 supernumerary subunits to gain insight into their role in CI activity and biogenesis. Using human cell lines in which the expression of these subunits was knocked down with miRNAs, we showed that they are necessary for the formation of a functional holoenzyme. Analysis of the assembly intermediates in mitochondria depleted for these subunits further suggested that they are required for assembly and/or stability of the electron transferring Q module in the peripheral arm of the CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Rak
- INSERM UMR 1141, Bâtiment Ecran, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019 Paris, France.
| | - Pierre Rustin
- INSERM UMR 1141, Bâtiment Ecran, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Serurier, 75019 Paris, France
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45
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Regulation of the biogenesis of OXPHOS complexes in cell transition from replicating to quiescent state: involvement of PKA and effect of hydroxytyrosol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:675-84. [PMID: 24389246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A study is presented on the expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes in exponentially growing and serum-starved, quiescent human fibroblast cultures. The functional levels of respiratory complexes I and III and complex V (adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase) were found to be severely depressed in serum-starved fibroblasts. The depression of oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) complexes was associated with reduced levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and the down-stream nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factors (TFAM). In serum-starved fibroblasts decrease of the catalytic activity of AMP cyclic dependent protein kinase (PKA) and phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), the transcription coactivator of the PGC-1α gene, was found. Hydroxytyrosol prevented the decline in the expression of the PGC-1α transcription cascade of OXPHOS complexes in serum-starved fibroblast cultures. The positive effect of HT was associated with activation of PKA and CREB phosphorylation. These results show involvement of PKA, CREB and PGC-1α in the regulation of OXPHOS in cell transition from the replicating to the quiescent state.
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46
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47
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Bird MJ, Thorburn DR, Frazier AE. Modelling biochemical features of mitochondrial neuropathology. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:1380-92. [PMID: 24161927 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuropathology of mitochondrial disease is well characterised. However, pathophysiological mechanisms at the level of biochemistry and cell biology are less clear. Progress in this area has been hampered by the limited accessibility of neurologically relevant material for analysis. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here we discuss the recent development of a variety of model systems that have greatly extended our capacity to understand the biochemical features associated with mitochondrial neuropathology. These include animal and cell based models, with mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA encoded genes, which aim to recapitulate the neuropathology and cellular biochemistry of mitochondrial diseases. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Analysis of neurological tissue and cells from these models suggests that although there is no unifying mode of pathogenesis, dysfunction of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system is often central. This can be associated with altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and inadequate ATP synthesis. Thus, other cellular processes such as calcium (Ca(2+)) homeostasis, cellular signaling and mitochondrial morphology could be altered, ultimately compromising viability of neuronal cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Mechanisms of neuronal dysfunction in mitochondrial disease are only just beginning to be characterised, are system dependent and complex, and not merely driven by energy deficiency. The diversity of pathogenic mechanisms emphasises the need for characterisation in a wide range of models, as different therapeutic strategies are likely to be needed for different diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Frontiers of Mitochondrial Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bird
- The Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- The Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ann E Frazier
- The Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I has a molecular mass of almost 1 MDa and comprises more than 40 polypeptides. Fourteen central subunits harbour the bioenergetic core functions. We are only beginning to understand the significance of the numerous accessory subunits. The present review addresses the role of accessory subunits for assembly, stability and regulation of complex I and for cellular functions not directly associated with redox-linked proton translocation.
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49
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García-Ruiz I, Solís-Muñoz P, Fernández-Moreira D, Muñoz-Yagüe T, Solís-Herruzo JA. Pioglitazone leads to an inactivation and disassembly of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. BMC Biol 2013; 11:88. [PMID: 23915000 PMCID: PMC3751493 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-11-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiazolidinediones are antidiabetic agents that increase insulin sensitivity but reduce glucose oxidation, state 3 respiration, and activity of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC). The mechanisms of the latter effects are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which pioglitazone (PGZ), a member of the thiazolidinedione class of antidiabetic agents, decreases the activity of the MRC. In isolated mitochondria from mouse liver, we measured the effects of PGZ treatment on MRC complex activities, fully-assembled complex I and its subunits, gene expression of complex I and III subunits, and [3H]PGZ binding to mitochondrial complexes. RESULTS In vitro, PGZ decreased activity of complexes I and III of the MRC, but in vivo only complex I activity was decreased in mice treated for 12 weeks with 10 mg/kg/day of PGZ. In vitro treatment of isolated liver mitochondria with PGZ disassembled complex I, resulting in the formation of several subcomplexes. In mice treated with PGZ, fully assembled complex I was increased and two additional subcomplexes were found. Formation of supercomplexes CI+CIII2+CIVn and CI+CIII2 decreased in mouse liver mitochondria exposed to PGZ, while formation of these supercomplexes was increased in mice treated with PGZ. Two-dimensional analysis of complex I using blue native/sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN/SDS-PAGE) showed that in vitro PGZ induced the formation of four subcomplexes of 600 (B), 400 (C), 350 (D), and 250 (E) kDa, respectively. Subcomplexes B and C had NADH:dehydrogenase activity, while subcomplexes C and D contained subunits of complex I membrane arm. Autoradiography and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed [3H]PGZ binding to subunits NDUFA9, NDUFB6, and NDUFA6. Treatment with PGZ increased mitochondrial gene transcription in mice liver and HepG2 cells. In these cells, PGZ decreased intracellular ATP content and enhanced gene expression of specific protein 1 and peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). CONCLUSIONS PGZ binds complex I subunits, which induces disassembly of this complex, reduces its activity, depletes cellular ATP, and, in mice and HepG2 cells, upregulates nuclear DNA-encoded gene expression of complex I and III subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada García-Ruiz
- Research Center, Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid 28041, Spain.
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50
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Ravera S, Vaccaro D, Cuccarolo P, Columbaro M, Capanni C, Bartolucci M, Panfoli I, Morelli A, Dufour C, Cappelli E, Degan P. Mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex I defects in Fanconi anemia complementation group A. Biochimie 2013; 95:1828-37. [PMID: 23791750 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare and complex inherited blood disorder of the child. At least 15 genes are associated with the disease. The highest frequency of mutations belongs to groups A, C and G. Genetic instability and cytokine hypersensitivity support the selection of leukemic over non-leukemic stem cells. FA cellular phenotype is characterized by alterations in red-ox state, mitochondrial functionality and energy metabolism as reported in the past however a clear picture of the altered biochemical phenotype in FA is still elusive and the final biochemical defect(s) still unknown. Here we report an analysis of the respiratory fluxes in FANCA primary fibroblasts, lymphocytes and lymphoblasts. FANCA mutants show defective respiration through Complex I, diminished ATP production and metabolic sufferance with an increased AMP/ATP ratio. Respiration in FANCC mutants is normal. Treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) restores oxygen consumption to normal level. Defective respiration in FANCA mutants appear correlated with the FA pro-oxidative phenotype which is consistent with the altered morphology of FANCA mitochondria. Electron microscopy measures indeed show profound alterations in mitochondrial ultrastructure and shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- DIFAR-Biochemistry Lab., Department of Pharmacology, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
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