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Hong WC, Lee DE, Kang HW, Kim MJ, Kim M, Kim JH, Fang S, Kim HJ, Park JS. CD74 Promotes a Pro-Inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment by Inducing S100A8 and S100A9 Secretion in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12993. [PMID: 37629174 PMCID: PMC10455843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive form of pancreatic cancer with a poor prognosis and low survival rates. The prognostic and predictive biomarkers of PDAC are still largely unknown. The receptor CD74 was recently identified as a regulator of oncogenic properties in various cancers. However, the precise molecular mechanism of CD74 action in PDAC remains little understood. We investigated the role of CD74 by silencing CD74 in the pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-1. CD74 knockdown led to reductions in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased apoptosis. Moreover, silencing CD74 resulted in the decreased expression and secretion of S100A8 and S100A9. An indirect co-culture of fibroblasts and tumor cells revealed that fibroblasts exposed to conditioned media from CD74 knockdown cells exhibited a reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting a role of CD74 in influencing cytokine secretion in the tumor microenvironment. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the critical role of CD74 in regulating the oncogenic properties of pancreatic cancer cells and its influence on the expression and secretion of S100A8 and S100A9. Taken together, these findings indicate CD74 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woosol Chris Hong
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Da Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Hyeon Woong Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Joon Seong Park
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (W.C.H.); (J.H.K.); (S.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea; (D.E.L.); (H.W.K.); (M.J.K.); (M.K.)
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2
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Zheng X, Fan H, Liu Y, Wei Z, Li X, Wang A, Chen W, Lu Y. Hypoxia boosts aerobic glycolysis of carcinoma:a complex process for tumor development. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:487-501. [PMID: 34382521 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210811145752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a common feature in malignant tumors, is mainly caused by insufficient oxygen supply. Hypoxia is closely related to cancer development, affecting cancer invasion and metastasis, energy metabolism and other pathological processes, and is not conducive to cancer treatment and prognosis. Tumor cells exacerbate metabolic abnormalities to adapt to the hypoxic microenvironment, especially to enhance aerobic glycolysis. Glycolysis leads to an acidic microenvironment in cancer tissues, enhancing cancer metastasis, deterioration and drug resistance. Therefore, hypoxia is a therapeutic target that cannot be ignored in cancer treatment. The adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia is mainly regulated by hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), and the stability of HIFs is improved under hypoxic conditions. HIFs can promote the glycolysis of tumors by regulating glycolytic enzymes, transporters, and participates in regulating the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle. In addition, HIFs indirectly affect glycolysis through its interaction with non-coding RNAs. Therefore, targeting hypoxia and HIFs are important tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023. China
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3
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Vaisitti T, Arruga F, Guerra G, Deaglio S. Ectonucleotidases in Blood Malignancies: A Tale of Surface Markers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2301. [PMID: 31636635 PMCID: PMC6788384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia develops as the result of intrinsic features of the transformed cell, such as gene mutations and derived oncogenic signaling, and extrinsic factors, such as a tumor-friendly, immunosuppressed microenvironment, predominantly in the lymph nodes and the bone marrow. There, high extracellular levels of nucleotides, mainly NAD+ and ATP, are catabolized by different ectonucleotidases, which can be divided in two families according to substrate specificity: on one side those that metabolize NAD+, including CD38, CD157, and CD203a; on the other, those that convert ATP, namely CD39 (and other ENTPDases) and CD73. They generate products that modulate intracellular calcium levels and that activate purinergic receptors. They can also converge on adenosine generation with profound effects, both on leukemic cells, enhancing chemoresistance and homing, and on non-malignant immune cells, polarizing them toward tolerance. This review will first provide an overview of ectonucleotidases expression within the immune system, in physiological and pathological conditions. We will then focus on different hematological malignancies, discussing their role as disease markers and possibly pathogenic agents. Lastly, we will describe current efforts aimed at therapeutic targeting of this family of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Vaisitti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Arruga
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Guerra
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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4
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Wang C, Zuo B, Wu X. The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Remote Ischemic Postconditioning. Can J Cardiol 2019; 35:501-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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5
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Alsagaby SA. Transcriptomics-based validation of the relatedness of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins to chronic lymphocytic leukemia as potential biomarkers of the disease aggressiveness. Saudi Med J 2019; 40:328-338. [PMID: 30957125 PMCID: PMC6506648 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.4.23380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To use independent transcriptomics data sets of cancer patients with prognostic information from public repositories to validate the relevance of our previously described chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)-related proteins at the level of transcription (mRNA) to the prognosis of CLL. Methods: This is a validation study that was conducted at Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between January-2017 and July-2018. Two independent data sets of CLL transcriptomics from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) with time-to-first treatment (TTFT) data (GSE39671; 130 patients) and information about overall survival (OS) (GSE22762; 107 patients) were used for the validation analyses. To further investigate the relatedness of a transcript of interest to other neoplasms, 6 independent data sets of cancer transcriptomics with prognostic information (1865 patients) from the cancer genomics atlas (TCGA) were used. Pathway-enrichment analyses were conducted using Reactome; and correlation analyses of gene expression were performed using Pearson score. Results: Nine of the CLL-related proteins exhibited transcript expression that predicted TTFT and 7 of the CLL-related proteins showed mRNA levels that predicted OS in CLL patients (p≤0.05). Of these transcripts, 8 were different types of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (HNRNPs); and 2 (HNRNPUL2 and HIST1C1H) retained prognostic significance in the 2 independent data sets. Furthermore, genes that enriched CLL-related pathways (p≤0.05; false discovery rate [FDR] ≤0.05) were found to correlate with the expression of HNRNPUL2 (Pearson score: ≥0.50; p lessthan 0.00001). Finally, increased expression of HNRNPUL2 was indicative of poor prognosis of various types of cancer other than CLL (p less than 0.05). Conclusion: The cognate transcripts of 14 of our CLL-related proteins significantly predicted CLL prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman A Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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6
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Crassini K, Shen Y, O'Dwyer M, O'Neill M, Christopherson R, Mulligan S, Best OG. The dual inhibitor of the phosphoinositol-3 and PIM kinases, IBL-202, is effective against chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells under conditions that mimic the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:654-669. [PMID: 29978459 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in treatment, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) remains an incurable disease. Ibrutinib and idelalisib, which inhibit Bruton Tyrosine kinase (BTK) and phosphoinositol-3 (PI3) kinase-δ respectively, have become important treatment options for the disease and demonstrate the potential of targeting components of the B-cell receptor-signalling pathway. IBL-202 is a dual inhibitor of the PIM and PI3 kinases. Synergy between the pan-PIM inhibitor, pPIMi, and idelalisib against a range of haematological cell lines and primary CLL cells supports the rationale for preclinical studies of IBL-202 in CLL. Importantly, IBL-202, but not idelalisib, was cytotoxic against CLL cells under in vitro conditions that mimic the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. The significant effects of IBL-202 on CD49d and CXCR4 expression and migration, cycle and proliferation of CLL cells suggest the drug may also interfere with the migratory and proliferative capacity of the leukaemic cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate that dual inhibition of the PIM and PI3 kinases by IBL-202 may be an effective strategy for targeting CLL cells, particularly within the environmental niches known to confer drug-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Crassini
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yandong Shen
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia.,School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Stephen Mulligan
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia.,School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - O Giles Best
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia.,School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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7
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Vaisitti T, Arruga F, Deaglio S. Targeting the Adenosinergic Axis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Way to Disrupt the Tumor Niche? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041167. [PMID: 29649100 PMCID: PMC5979564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism and adenosinergic signaling in cancer is gaining momentum, as increasing evidence is showing their relevance in tumor immunology and biology. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from the expansion of a population of mature B cells that progressively occupies the bone marrow (BM), the blood, and peripheral lymphoid organs. Notwithstanding significant progress in the treatment of these patients, the cure remains an unmet clinical need, suggesting that novel drugs or drug combinations are needed. A unique feature of CLL is its reliance on micro-environmental signals for proliferation and cell survival. We and others have shown that the lymphoid niche, an area of intense interactions between leukemic and bystander non-tumor cells, is a typically hypoxic environment. Here adenosine is generated by leukemic cells, as well as by cells of myeloid origin, acting through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, ultimately affecting tumor growth, limiting drug responses, and skewing the immune cells towards a tolerant phenotype. Hence, understanding the mechanisms through which this complex network of enzymes, receptors, and metabolites functions in CLL, will pave the way to the use of pharmacological agents targeting the system, which, in combination with drugs targeting leukemic cells, may get us one step closer to curing these patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoxia
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Stem Cell Niche
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Vaisitti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin School of Medicine & Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), via Nizza, 52, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Arruga
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin School of Medicine & Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), via Nizza, 52, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin School of Medicine & Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), via Nizza, 52, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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8
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Griggio V, Mandili G, Vitale C, Capello M, Macor P, Serra S, Castella B, Peola S, Foglietta M, Drandi D, Omedé P, Sblattero D, Cappello P, Chiarle R, Deaglio S, Boccadoro M, Novelli F, Massaia M, Coscia M. Humoral immune responses toward tumor-derived antigens in previously untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3274-3288. [PMID: 27906678 PMCID: PMC5356881 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) the occurrence and the impact of antibody responses toward tumor-derived antigens are largely unexplored. Our serological proteomic data show that antibodies toward 47 identified antigens are detectable in 29 out of 35 patients (83%) with untreated CLL. The glycolytic enzyme alpha-enolase (ENO1) is the most frequently recognized antigen (i.e. 54% of CLL sera). We show that ENO1 is upregulated in the proliferating B-cell fraction of CLL lymph nodes. In CLL cells of the peripheral blood, ENO1 is exclusively expressed at the intracellular level, whereas it is exposed on the surface of apoptotic leukemic cells. From the clinical standpoint, patients with progressive CLL show a higher number of antigen recognitions compared to patients with stable disease. Consistently, the anti-ENO1 antibodies are prevalent in sera from patients with progressive disease and their presence is predictive of a shorter time to first treatment. This clinical inefficacy associates with the inability of patients’ sera to trigger complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against leukemic cells. Together, these results indicate that antibody responses toward tumor-derived antigens are frequently detectable in sera from patients with CLL, but they are expression of a disrupted immune system and unable to hamper disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Griggio
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mandili
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Candida Vitale
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Michela Capello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences - University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Serra
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino and Immunogenetics Unit - Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Peola
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Myriam Foglietta
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Drandi
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Omedé
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Center, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino and Immunogenetics Unit - Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Center, Torino, Italy.,Service of Immunogenetics and Transplantation, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Coscia
- Division of Hematology, University of Torino, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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9
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Abdul-Aziz AM, Shafat MS, Sun Y, Marlein CR, Piddock RE, Robinson SD, Edwards DR, Zhou Z, Collins A, Bowles KM, Rushworth SA. HIF1α drives chemokine factor pro-tumoral signaling pathways in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2018; 37:2676-2686. [PMID: 29487418 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 80% of patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) die as a consequence of failure to eradicate the tumor from the bone marrow microenvironment. We have recently shown that stroma-derived interleukin-8 (IL-8) promotes AML growth and survival in the bone marrow in response to AML-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). In the present study we show that high constitutive expression of MIF in AML blasts in the bone marrow is hypoxia-driven and, through knockdown of MIF, HIF1α and HIF2α, establish that hypoxia supports AML tumor proliferation through HIF1α signaling. In vivo targeting of leukemic cell HIF1α inhibits AML proliferation in the tumor microenvironment through transcriptional regulation of MIF, but inhibition of HIF2α had no measurable effect on AML blast survival. Functionally, targeted inhibition of MIF in vivo improves survival in models of AML. Here we present a mechanism linking HIF1α to a pro-tumoral chemokine factor signaling pathway and in doing so, we establish a potential strategy to target AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina M Abdul-Aziz
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Manar S Shafat
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Sun
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher R Marlein
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E Piddock
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D Robinson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan R Edwards
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Collins
- Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, United Kingdom
| | - Kristian M Bowles
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Trust, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Rushworth
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom.
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10
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Vangapandu HV, Ayres ML, Bristow CA, Wierda WG, Keating MJ, Balakrishnan K, Stellrecht CM, Gandhi V. The Stromal Microenvironment Modulates Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. Neoplasia 2017; 19:762-771. [PMID: 28863345 PMCID: PMC5577399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells are replicationally quiescent mature B-cells. In short-term cultures, supporting stromal cells provide a survival advantage to CLL cells by inducing transcription and translation without promoting proliferation. We hypothesized that the stromal microenvironment augments malignant B cells' metabolism to enable the cells to cope with their energy demands for transcription and translation. We used extracellular flux analysis to assess the two major energy-generating pathways, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and glycolysis, in primary CLL cells in the presence of three different stromal cell lines. OxPhos, measured as the basal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and maximum respiration capacity, was significantly higher in 28 patients' CLL cells cocultured with bone marrow-derived NK.Tert stromal cells than in CLL cells cultured alone (P = .004 and <.0001, respectively). Similar OCR induction was observed in CLL cells cocultured with M2-10B4 and HS-5 stromal lines. In contrast, heterogeneous changes in the extracellular acidification rate (a measure of glycolysis) were observed in CLL cells cocultured with stromal cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of CLL cells' metabolomics profile indicated stroma-mediated stimulation of nucleotide synthesis. Quantitation of ribonucleotide pools showed a significant two-fold increase in CLL cells cocultured with stromal cells, indicating that the stroma may induce CLL cellular bioenergy and the RNA building blocks necessary for the transcriptional requirement of a prosurvival phenotype. The stroma did not impact the proliferation index (Ki-67 staining) of CLL cells. Collectively, these data suggest that short-term interaction (≤24 hours) with stroma increases OxPhos and bioenergy in replicationally quiescent CLL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hima V Vangapandu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary L Ayres
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher A Bristow
- Applied Cancer Science Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kumudha Balakrishnan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christine M Stellrecht
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Varsha Gandhi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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11
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Kontos CK, Papageorgiou SG, Diamantopoulos MA, Scorilas A, Bazani E, Vasilatou D, Gkontopoulos K, Glezou E, Stavroulaki G, Dimitriadis G, Pappa V. mRNA overexpression of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit gene (HIF1A): An independent predictor of poor overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2016; 53:65-73. [PMID: 28038356 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is a heterodimeric transcription factor that ultimately regulates cellular responses to changes in oxygen tension. In this study, we examined the potential diagnostic and prognostic potential of the mRNA expression of HIF1 regulatory α-subunit (HIF1A) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). For this purpose, total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 88 CLL patients and 33 non-leukemic blood donors, and poly(A)-RNA was reversely transcribed. HIF1A mRNA levels were quantified using real-time PCR. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high HIF1A mRNA expression predicts inferior overall survival for CLL patients (p=0.001). Bootstrap univariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that HIF1A mRNA overexpression is a significant unfavorable prognosticator in CLL (hazard ratio=3.75, bias-corrected and accelerated 95% confidence interval=1.43-24.36, bootstrap p<0.001), independent of other established prognostic factors, including CD38 expression, the mutational status of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV), and the clinical stage (Binet or Rai stage) or risk group (p<0.001 in all cases). Interestingly, HIF1A mRNA positivity retains its unfavorable prognostic value in distinct subgroups of patients, stratified according to established prognostic factors. Thus, HIF1A mRNA overexpression can be regarded as a promising, independent molecular biomarker of unfavorable prognosis in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos K Kontos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Papageorgiou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Marios A Diamantopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimia Bazani
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Diamantina Vasilatou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gkontopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Glezou
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Stavroulaki
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - George Dimitriadis
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Unit, University General Hospital "Attikon", 1 Rimini St., Haidari, 12462 Athens, Greece.
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12
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Adenosine signaling mediates hypoxic responses in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia microenvironment. Blood Adv 2016; 1:47-61. [PMID: 29296695 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2016000984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) niche is a closed environment where leukemic cells derive growth and survival signals through their interaction with macrophages and T lymphocytes. Here, we show that the CLL lymph node niche is characterized by overexpression and activation of HIF-1α, which increases adenosine generation and signaling, affecting tumor and host cellular responses. Hypoxia in CLL lymphocytes modifies central metabolic pathways, protects against drug-driven apoptosis, and induces interleukin 10 (IL-10) production. In myeloid cells, it forces monocyte differentiation to macrophages expressing IRF4, IDO, CD163, and CD206, hallmarks of the M2 phenotype, which promotes tumor progression. It also induces IL-6 production and enhances nurturing properties. Low oxygen levels decrease T-cell proliferation, promote glycolysis, and cause the appearance of a population of PD-1+ and IL-10-secreting T cells. Blockade of the A2A adenosine receptor counteracts these effects on all cell populations, making leukemic cells more susceptible to pharmacological agents while restoring immune competence and T-cell proliferation. Together, these results indicate that adenosine signaling through the A2A receptor mediates part of the effects of hypoxia. They also suggest that therapeutic strategies to inhibit the adenosinergic axis may be useful adjuncts to chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of CLL patients.
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13
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Rigoni M, Riganti C, Vitale C, Griggio V, Campia I, Robino M, Foglietta M, Castella B, Sciancalepore P, Buondonno I, Drandi D, Ladetto M, Boccadoro M, Massaia M, Coscia M. Simvastatin and downstream inhibitors circumvent constitutive and stromal cell-induced resistance to doxorubicin in IGHV unmutated CLL cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29833-46. [PMID: 26284584 PMCID: PMC4745766 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region (IGHV) mutational status is a strong determinant of remission duration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this work was to compare the multidrug resistance (MDR) signature of IGHV mutated and unmutated CLL cells, identifying biochemical and molecular targets potentially amenable to therapeutic intervention. We found that the mevalonate pathway-dependent Ras/ERK1–2 and RhoA/RhoA kinase signaling cascades, and the downstream HIF-1α/P-glycoprotein axis were more active in IGHV unmutated than in mutated cells, leading to a constitutive protection from doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity. The constitutive MDR phenotype of IGHV unmutated cells was partially dependent on B cell receptor signaling, as shown by the inhibitory effect exerted by ibrutinib. Stromal cells further protected IGHV unmutated cells from doxorubicin by upregulating Ras/ERK1–2, RhoA/RhoA kinase, Akt, HIF-1α and P-glycoprotein activities. Mevalonate pathway inhibition with simvastatin abrogated these signaling pathways and reversed the resistance of IGHV unmutated cells to doxorubicin, also counteracting the protective effect exerted by stromal cells. Similar results were obtained via the targeted inhibition of the downstream molecules ERK1–2, RhoA kinase and HIF-1α. Therefore, targeting the mevalonate pathway and its downstream signaling cascades is a promising strategy to circumvent the MDR signature of IGHV unmutated CLL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Rigoni
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Candida Vitale
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Griggio
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ivana Campia
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Robino
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Myriam Foglietta
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sciancalepore
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Drandi
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Ladetto
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mario Boccadoro
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.,S.C. Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Coscia
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
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14
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Yousefi M, Movassaghpour AA, Shamsasenjan K, Ghalamfarsa G, Sadreddini S, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Hojjat-Farsangi M. The skewed balance between Tregs and Th17 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Future Oncol 2016; 11:1567-82. [PMID: 25963433 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While Tregs maintain self-tolerance and inhibit antitumor responses, T helper (Th)17 cells may enhance inflammatory and antitumor responses. The balance between these two important T-cell subsets has been skewed in many immunopathologic conditions such as autoimmune and cancer diseases. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in the western world and is characterized with monoclonal expansion of B lymphocytes. There is evidence which implies that the progression of CLL is associated with expansion of Treg and downregulation of Th17 cells. In this review, we will discuss about immunobiology of Treg and Th17 cells and their role in immunopathogenesis of CLL as well as their reciprocal changes during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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HIF-1α regulates the interaction of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with the tumor microenvironment. Blood 2016; 127:1987-97. [PMID: 26825709 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-07-657056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) regulate a wide array of adaptive responses to hypoxia and are often activated in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies due to intratumoral hypoxia and emerging new layers of regulation. We found that in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), HIF-1α is a novel regulator of the interaction of CLL cells with protective leukemia microenvironments and, in turn, is regulated by this interaction in a positive feedback loop that promotes leukemia survival and propagation. Through unbiased microarray analysis, we found that in CLL cells, HIF-1α regulates the expression of important chemokine receptors and cell adhesion molecules that control the interaction of leukemic cells with bone marrow and spleen microenvironments. Inactivation of HIF-1α impairs chemotaxis and cell adhesion to stroma, reduces bone marrow and spleen colonization in xenograft and allograft CLL mouse models, and prolongs survival in mice. Of interest, we found that in CLL cells, HIF-1α is transcriptionally regulated after coculture with stromal cells. Furthermore, HIF-1α messenger RNA levels vary significantly within CLL patients and correlate with the expression of HIF-1α target genes, including CXCR4, thus further emphasizing the relevance of HIF-1α expression to CLL pathogenesis.
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16
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Rouault-Pierre K, Hamilton A, Bonnet D. Effect of hypoxia-inducible factors in normal and leukemic stem cell regulation and their potential therapeutic impact. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:463-76. [PMID: 26679619 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2016.1133582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia inducible factors (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) are the main mediators of hypoxic responses that operate in both normal and pathological conditions. Recent evidence indicates that HIF-1α and HIF-2α could have overlapping, unique and even sometimes opposing activities in both normal physiology and disease. Despite an increase in our understanding of the different pathways regulated by HIF-1α and HIF-2α, the role played by each factor in HSC maintenance and leukemogenesis is still controversial. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes our current understanding of HIF-1α and HIF-2α activities and discusses the implications and challenges of using HIF inhibitors therapeutically in blood malignancies. EXPERT OPINION As HIF inhibitors are currently under clinical evaluation in different cancers, including hematological malignancies, a more thorough understanding of the unique roles performed by HIF-1α and HIF-2α in human neoplasia is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- a Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory , The Francis Crick Institute , London , UK
| | - Ashley Hamilton
- a Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory , The Francis Crick Institute , London , UK
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- a Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory , The Francis Crick Institute , London , UK
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17
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VEGFR2 inhibition by RNA interference affects cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and response to radiation in Calu-1 cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 18:212-9. [PMID: 26459253 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and radiation-induced apoptosis of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line Calu-1. METHODS VEGFR2 gene was silenced by RNA interference in Calu-1 cells, and the expression of VEGFR2 was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The cells were divided into control, VEGF-treated, VEGFR2 knockdown, and VEGFR2 knockdown and VEGF-treated groups. A CCK8 assay and Transwell assay were performed to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively, after VEGFR2 knockdown. Western blot assays were used to detect signaling proteins downstream of VEGFR2. Cells in the groups listed above were also subjected to radiation treatment, followed by apoptosis analysis. RESULTS (1) RNA interference of VEGFR2 in Calu-1 cells reduced VEGFR2 mRNA (P < 0.01) and protein levels (P < 0.01). (2) VEGFR2 knockdown inhibited proliferation (P < 0.05), migration (P < 0.05), and invasion (P < 0.05) in Calu-1 cells. (3) VEGFR2 knockdown blocked the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt, also known as PKB), extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) to various extent (P < 0.05), but did not change their total protein expression. (4) Knockdown of VEGFR2 suppressed HIF-1α protein synthesis (P < 0.05), and exacerbated apoptosis induced by radiation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION VEGFR2 gene knockdown significantly suppressed a number of cellular activities in Calu-1 cells and increased radiation-induced cell death.
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18
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Janel A, Dubois-Galopin F, Bourgne C, Berger J, Tarte K, Boiret-Dupré N, Boisgard S, Verrelle P, Déchelotte P, Tournilhac O, Berger MG. The Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Clone Disrupts the Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2972-82. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Janel
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU (University Hospital Center) Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- EA7283 CREaT, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Céline Bourgne
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU (University Hospital Center) Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Juliette Berger
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU (University Hospital Center) Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Karin Tarte
- INSERM U917–MICA, University of Medicine, Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Boiret-Dupré
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU (University Hospital Center) Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- EA7283 CREaT, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Boisgard
- Orthopédie Traumatologie, CHU (University Hospital Center) Clermont-Fd, Hospital Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Verrelle
- EA7283 CREaT, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Anatomie Pathologique, CHU Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Tournilhac
- EA7283 CREaT, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Hématologie Clinique Adulte, CHU Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marc G. Berger
- Hématologie Biologique, CHU (University Hospital Center) Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- EA7283 CREaT, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Hématologie Clinique Adulte, CHU Clermont-Fd, Hopital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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19
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Kadomatsu K, Bencsik P, Görbe A, Csonka C, Sakamoto K, Kishida S, Ferdinandy P. Therapeutic potential of midkine in cardiovascular disease. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:936-44. [PMID: 24286213 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ischaemic heart disease, stroke and their pathological consequences are life-threatening conditions that account for about half of deaths in developed countries. Pathology of these diseases includes cell death due to ischaemia/reperfusion injury, vascular stenosis and cardiac remodelling. The growth factor midkine plays a pivotal role in these events. Midkine shows an acute cytoprotective effect in ischaemia/reperfusion injury at least in part via its anti-apoptotic effect. Moreover, while midkine promotes endothelial cell proliferation, it also recruits inflammatory cells to lesions. These activities eventually enhance angiogenesis, thereby preventing cardiac tissue remodelling. However, midkine's activity in recruiting inflammatory cells into the vascular wall also triggers neointima formation, and consequently, vascular stenosis. Moreover, midkine is induced in cancer tissues where it enhances angiogenesis. Therefore, midkine may promote tumour formation through its angiogenic and anti-apoptotic activity. This review focuses on the roles of midkine in ischaemic cardiovascular disease and their pathological consequences, that is angiogenesis, vascular stenosis, and cardiac remodelling, and discusses the possible therapeutic potential of modulation of midkine in these diseases. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Midkine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2014.171.issue-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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20
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Aguirre Palma LM, Gehrke I, Kreuzer KA. Angiogenic factors in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL): Where do we stand? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 93:225-36. [PMID: 25459668 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of angiogenesis in haematological malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is difficult to envision, because leukaemia cells are not dependent on a network of blood vessels to support basic physiological requirements. Regardless, CLL cells secrete high levels of major angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). Nonetheless, it remains unclear how most angiogenic factors regulate accumulation and delayed apoptosis of CLL cells. Angiogenic factors such as leptin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), follistatin, angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), angiogenin (ANG), midkine (MK), pleiotrophin (PTN), progranulin (PGRN), proliferin (PLF), placental growth factor (PIGF), and endothelial locus-1 (Del-1), represent novel therapeutic targets of future CLL research but have remained widely overlooked. This review aims to outline our current understanding of angiogenic growth factors and their relationship with CLL, a still uncured haematopoietic malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iris Gehrke
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Karl-Anton Kreuzer
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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21
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Masson N, Ratcliffe PJ. Hypoxia signaling pathways in cancer metabolism: the importance of co-selecting interconnected physiological pathways. Cancer Metab 2014; 2:3. [PMID: 24491179 PMCID: PMC3938304 DOI: 10.1186/2049-3002-2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Both tumor hypoxia and dysregulated metabolism are classical features of cancer. Recent analyses have revealed complex interconnections between oncogenic activation, hypoxia signaling systems and metabolic pathways that are dysregulated in cancer. These studies have demonstrated that rather than responding simply to error signals arising from energy depletion or tumor hypoxia, metabolic and hypoxia signaling pathways are also directly connected to oncogenic signaling mechanisms at many points. This review will summarize current understanding of the role of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) in these networks. It will also discuss the role of these interconnected pathways in generating the cancer phenotype; in particular, the implications of switching massive pathways that are physiologically 'hard-wired’ to oncogenic mechanisms driving cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter J Ratcliffe
- The Hypoxia Biology Laboratory, The Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, The University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
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22
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Lee WH, Lee JM, Lim C, Kim S, Kim SG. Structural requirements within protoporphyrin IX in the inhibition of heat shock protein 90. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 204:49-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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