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Černý A, Hill M, Vosátková M, Laštůvka Z, Pařízek A. Steroid Metabolome Analysis in Dichorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1591. [PMID: 38338872 PMCID: PMC10855299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones have diverse roles in pregnancy; some help stabilise pregnancy and influence the stability of pregnancy and the onset of labour. Changes and disorders in steroidogenesis may be involved in several pregnancy pathologies. To date, only a few studies have performed a very limited steroid analysis in multiple pregnancies. Our teams investigated multiple pregnancies regarding the biosynthesis, transport, and effects of steroids. We recruited two groups of patients: pregnant women with multiple pregnancies as the study group, and a control singleton pregnancies group. Blood samples were drawn from the participants and analysed. Information about the mother, foetus, delivery, and newborn was extracted from medical records. The data were then analysed. The gestational age of twin pregnancies during delivery ranged from 35 + 3 to 39 + 3 weeks, while it was 38 + 1 to 41 + 1 weeks for the controls. Our findings provide answers to questions regarding the steroidome in multiple pregnancies. Results demonstrate differences in the steroidome between singleton and twin pregnancies. These were based on the presence of two placentae and two foetal adrenal glands, both with separate enzymatic activity. Since every newborn was delivered by caesarean section, analysis was not negatively influenced by changes in the steroid metabolome associated with the spontaneous onset of labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Černý
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Martin Hill
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Michala Vosátková
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Zdeněk Laštůvka
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonín Pařízek
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic; (Z.L.); (A.P.)
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Odintsova VV, van Dongen J, van Beijsterveldt CEM, Ligthart L, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Dolan CV, Boomsma DI. Handedness and 23 Early Life Characteristics in 37,495 Dutch Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023; 26:199-208. [PMID: 37448258 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In studies of singletons, a range of early-life characteristics have been reported to be associated with handedness, but some of these associations have failed to replicate. We examined associations between 23 early life characteristics with handedness in a large sample of 37,495 5-year-old twins. We considered three definitions of handedness: left-handedness (LH), mixed-handedness (MH), and non-right-handedness (NRH). Our main aim was to test whether the associations with sex, birth weight, gestational age, and season of birth - as reported in singletons - replicate in twins, and to examine twin-specific variables, including zygosity, chorionicity, birth order, and intertwin delivery time. Compared to previously published data from adults born as singletons (7.23%), the prevalence of NRH was higher in both twins (16.19%) and their parents (15.09%). In the twins, LH and NRH were associated with parents' LH. Male sex and lower gestational age were associated with NRH, and LH was associated with not being breastfed. MH was related to neurodevelopmental delays and higher externalizing problems later in childhood. Other previously reported associations were not replicated, and no twin-specific characteristics were related to handedness. These results emphasize the importance of considering multiple definitions of handedness and indicate a small number of replicated associations across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika V Odintsova
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lannie Ligthart
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conor V Dolan
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development (AR&D) Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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de Wit MM, Begeer S, Nivard MG, van Bergen E. No effects of siblings and twin testosterone transfer on autistic traits. JCPP ADVANCES 2022; 2:e12069. [PMID: 37431495 PMCID: PMC10242923 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Having twin and non-twin siblings might influence autistic traits both prenatally and postnatally. The twin testosterone transfer hypothesis suggests that girls with a twin brother are exposed to higher levels of prenatal testosterone than girls with a twin sister, and that increased testosterone exposure masculinizes neural development and increases autistic traits. Postnatally, siblings may provide example behaviour, which could reduce autistic traits. Methods We studied pre- and postnatal influences of twin and non-twin siblings on mother and teacher-reported autistic traits in 7714 dizygotic twins. We examined the effect of sex of the proband child and of the siblings. We fitted regression models (for boys and girls separately) with sex of co-twin and having older and/or younger siblings of each sex as predictors. Results Girls' mother-reported autistic traits were slightly lower for those with a twin brother than those with a twin sister (β = -.08, p = .001, Cohen's d = -.13). This difference was not replicated in teacher-reported autistic traits (β = .01, p = .734). Boys' (mother and teacher-reported) autistic traits were not related to the sex of their co-twin (ps > 0.50). Teacher-reported autistic traits were slightly higher if girls had an older brother (β = .07, p = .013, Cohen's d = .12). Other than this small effect, we found no effect of non-twin siblings on autistic traits in either girls or boys (ps > .18). Conclusions We did not find increased autistic traits in girls with a twin brother compared to girls with a twin sister. This finding contributes to a body of literature that rejects the twin testosterone transfer hypothesis. In addition, we found little evidence for pre- and postnatal sibling influences. Our findings align with high heritability and absence of shared-environmental influences in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie M. de Wit
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental PsychologyVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Sander Begeer
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental PsychologyVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Michel G. Nivard
- Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Biological PsychologyVrije Universiteit van Amsterdam and Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Elsje van Bergen
- Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Biological PsychologyVrije Universiteit van Amsterdam and Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- LEARN! Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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Filipec M, Matijević R. Expert advice about therapeutic exercise in the management of sacroiliac dysfunction in pregnancy: Secondary analysis of a randomized trial. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021; 265:18-24. [PMID: 34411904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess primiparous and multiparous women, and singleton and multiple pregnancies in a recently published randomized trial. STUDY DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial was performed. In total, 500 women with sacroiliac dysfunction diagnosed in pregnancy were randomized into a study group (who received expert advice about therapeutic exercise) and a control group (who continued with their normal lifestyle habits). The outcome measures assessed were: pain intensity [visual analogue scale (VAS)] and degree of functional disability (Quebec scale) at enrolment and after 3 and 6 weeks. Primiparous and multiparous women, and singleton and multiple pregnancies in the study and control groups were analysed separately. RESULTS Sacroiliac dysfunction was more common in primiparous women compared with multiparous women (84.70% vs 77.16%), and in multiple pregnancies compared with singleton pregnancies (86.53% vs 80.07%). For all four subgroups analysed in this secondary analysis, the reduction in pain intensity (p = 0.001) and the degree of functional disability (p = 0.001) were better in the study group compared with the control group. Better results for the two outcome measures were found when comparing primiparous and multiparous women in the study group at follow-up, but the difference in functional disability disappeared 6 weeks after enrolment (p = 0.383). There was no difference in the two outcome measures between singleton and multiple pregnancies 3 and 6 weeks after enrolment (p = 0.061, p = 0.489 and p = 0.741, p = 0.353, respectively). CONCLUSION Expert advice about therapeutic exercise is effective for the reduction of symptoms of sacroiliac dysfunction in all four subgroups (primiparous and multiparous women, singleton and multiple pregnancies). Earlier reduction of pain intensity and degree of functional disability were obtained in primiparous women compared with multiparous women in the study group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Filipec
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Clinical Hospital 'Sveti Duh', Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Physiotherapy, University North, Varazdin, Croatia.
| | - Ratko Matijević
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
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Talia C, Raja EA, Bhattacharya S, Fowler PA. Testing the twin testosterone transfer hypothesis-intergenerational analysis of 317 dizygotic twins born in Aberdeen, Scotland. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1702-1710. [PMID: 32558884 PMCID: PMC7368400 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does having a male co-twin influence the female twin's reproductive outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Women with a male co-twin had the same chances of being pregnant and having children compared to same-sex twin pairs. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY According to the twin testosterone transfer (TTT) hypothesis, in an opposite-sex twin pregnancy, testosterone transfer from the male to the female co-twin occurs. A large body of literature supports the negative impact of prenatal testosterone exposure on female's reproductive health in animal models; however, evidence from human studies remains controversial. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This cohort study included all dizygotic female twins in the Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank (Scotland) born before 1 January 1979. The 317 eligible women were followed up for 40 years for any pregnancies and the outcome of those pregnancies recorded in the same database. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Fertility outcomes (number of pregnancies, number of livebirths and age at first pregnancy) were compared between women with a male co-twin (exposed group, n = 151) and those with a female co-twin (unexposed group, n = 166). Population averaged models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI for all outcomes with adjusting for potential confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There were no differences in chances of having pregnancies (adj. OR 1.33; 95% CI 0.72, 2.45) and livebirths (adj. OR 1.22; 95% CI 0.68, 2.18) between women from same-sex and opposite-sex twin pairs. Women with a male co-twin were more likely to smoke during pregnancy and, in the unadjusted model, were younger at their first pregnancy (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.21, 3.75). After adjusting for confounding variables (year of birth and smoking status) the latter finding was no longer significant (OR 1.67; 95% CI 0.90, 3.20). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The dataset was relatively small. For women without a pregnancy recorded in the databank, we assumed that they had not been pregnant. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Despite the evidence from animal studies concerning the adverse effects of prenatal testosterone exposure on female health, our results do not support the TTT hypothesis. The finding that women with a male co-twin are more likely to smoke during pregnancy highlights the importance of considering post-socialisation and social effects in twin studies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie project PROTECTED (grant agreement No. 722634) and FREIA project (grant agreement No. 825100). No competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Talia
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Edwin-Amalraj Raja
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Sohinee Bhattacharya
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Paul A Fowler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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DUŠKOVÁ M, KOLÁTOROVÁ L, ŠIMKOVÁ M, ŠRÁMKOVÁ M, MALÍKOVÁ M, HORÁČKOVÁ L, VÍTKŮ J, STÁRKA L. Steroid Diagnostics of 21st Century in the Light of Their New Roles and Analytical Tools. Physiol Res 2020; 69:S193-S203. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of steroid hormones and subsequent interpretation of results is accompanied by a range of difficulties. The amount of information that current technology can provide on the circulating concentrations of more than a hundred various steroid compounds can lead to problems with interpretation. The aim of this study is to help provide orientation in this maze of data on steroid hormones. First we focus on specific aspects arising from the pre-analytical phase of steroid determination that need to be considered when planning sampling, whether for diagnostics or research. Then, we provide a brief summary of the characteristics and diagnostic relevance of several steroid hormones and/or their metabolites: pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxy-pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, hydroxyderivatives of dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, cortisol, cortisone, which in our institute are determined with validated LC-MS/MS methods. For these steroids, we also provide newly calculated reference values in fertile women according to the phase of their menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. DUŠKOVÁ
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Jantsch LB, de Lucca L, Dorneles BN, Konopka CK, Gonçalves TDL. Evaluation of oxidative stress and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in twin pregnancies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 33:3071-3076. [PMID: 30688119 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1568980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess and understand the maternal oxidative stress in twin pregnancies, currently not studied, through ascertain indicators of oxidative damage in maternal blood in response of two fetuses, as well as the relation of placenta with or without the increase of oxidative stress in these gestations.Materials and methods: The activity of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) was analyzed as an indirect marker of oxidative stress, as well as the quantification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein thiol groups (P-SH) and nonprotein thiol groups (NP-SH), vitamin C (VIT C) and catalase activity (CAT) in maternal blood samples from twin (n = 30) and single (n = 30) pregnancies. This study was approved by the Human Ethics Committee UFSM (register by the number 49823015.4.0000.5346).Results: TBARS was significantly higher in twin pregnancies, while thiol groups, VIT C and CAT were decreased, asides from the reduced activity of δ-ALA-D in comparison to single fetus gestations.Conclusions: The study established an oxidative stress increased and an antioxidant ability decreased in twin pregnancies, suggesting a possible relation between the levels of oxidants and antioxidants with the complications in those gestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Bigolin Jantsch
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Leidiane de Lucca
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Nicoli Dorneles
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristine Kolling Konopka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thissiane de Lima Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Healthy Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
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Adamcová K, Kolátorová L, Škodová T, Šimková M, Pařízek A, Stárka L, Dušková M. Steroid hormone levels in the peripartum period - differences caused by fetal sex and delivery type. Physiol Res 2018; 67:S489-S497. [PMID: 30484675 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Progesterone, estrogens, androgens and glucocorticoids all play important roles during pregnancy, from implantation to delivery. Focusing on selected steroid hormones in the peripartum period, we defined reference ranges measured using LS-MS/MS, and assessed relationships with maternal age, pregnancy weight gain, delivery type, and fetal sex. Samples were taken from 142 healthy women with physiological gravidity at the 37th week, during the first period of labor, and from newborn mixed cord blood. We found higher cortisol and 17-OH-pregnenolone plasma levels in mothers at the 37th week that carried male fetuses (p=0.03), but no significant differences in any studied hormones in newborns of different sex. Neither maternal age nor weight gain nor newborn birth weight had any relationships to any of the studied hormones. However, there were differences depending on vaginal versus planned cesarean section deliveries. In women carrying a male fetus we found significantly higher levels of 17-OH-pregnenolone, progesterone, cortisol, corticosterone and significantly lower levels of estradiol in those undergoing spontaneous vaginal delivery. However, we found no significant differences in the cord blood of newborn males from either delivery type. We established reference ranges for our analysis methods, which should be useful for further studies as well as in standard clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Adamcová
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Schieve LA, Tian L, Dowling N, Croen L, Hoover-Fong J, Alexander A, Shapira SK. Associations Between the 2nd to 4th Digit Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Population-Based Samples of Boys and Girls: Findings from the Study to Explore Early Development. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 48:2379-2395. [PMID: 29450837 PMCID: PMC5997499 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ratio of the index (2nd) finger to ring (4th) finger lengths (2D:4D) is a proxy for fetal testosterone and estradiol. Studies suggesting 2D:4D is inversely associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in males were limited by lack of confounder and subgroup assessments. Studies of females are sparse. We examined associations between ASD and 2D:4D among children in the Study to Explore Early Development; we considered case subgroups and numerous potential demographic and maternal-perinatal health confounders. We observed a modest inverse association between ASD and right-hand 2D:4D in males; subgroup analyses indicated associations were limited to ASD cases with birth defects/genetic syndromes or dysmorphic features. We observed a positive association between ASD and left-hand 2D:4D in females, overall and within most case subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Schieve
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
| | - Lin Tian
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Nicole Dowling
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Lisa Croen
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Julie Hoover-Fong
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aimee Alexander
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Stuart K Shapira
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-86, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
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ADAMCOVÁ K, KOLÁTOROVÁ L, CHLUPÁČOVÁ T, ŠIMKOVÁ M, JANDÍKOVÁ H, PAŘÍZEK A, STÁRKA L, DUŠKOVÁ M. Changes to Fetal Steroidogenesis Caused by Maternal Smoking. Physiol Res 2017; 66:S375-S386. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking during pregnancy presents health risks for both the mother and her child. In this study we followed changes in the production of steroid hormones in pregnant smokers. We focused on changes in steroidogenesis in the blood of mothers in their 37th week of pregnancy and in mixed cord blood from their newborns. The study included 88 healthy women with physiological pregnancies (17 active smokers and 71 non-smokers). We separately analyzed hormonal changes associated with smoking according to the sex of newborns. In women with male fetuses, we found higher levels of serum cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 7α-OH-DHEA, 17-OH pregnenolone, testosterone, and androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week compared to non-smokers. In women with female fetuses, we found lower serum levels of 7β-OH-DHEA and higher androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week. We found significantly higher levels of testosterone in newborn males of smokers and higher levels of 7α-OH-DHEA in female newborns of smokers. Smoking during pregnancy induces changes in the production of steroids in both the mother and her child. These changes are different for different fetal sexes, with more pronounced changes in mothers carrying male newborns as well as in the newborn males themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M. DUŠKOVÁ
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Bogl LH, Jelenkovic A, Vuoksimaa E, Ahrenfeldt L, Pietiläinen KH, Stazi MA, Fagnani C, D'Ippolito C, Hur YM, Jeong HU, Silberg JL, Eaves LJ, Maes HH, Bayasgalan G, Narandalai D, Cutler TL, Kandler C, Jang KL, Christensen K, Skytthe A, Kyvik KO, Cozen W, Hwang AE, Mack TM, Derom CA, Vlietinck RF, Nelson TL, Whitfield KE, Corley RP, Huibregtse BM, McAdams TA, Eley TC, Gregory AM, Krueger RF, McGue M, Pahlen S, Willemsen G, Bartels M, van Beijsterveldt TCEM, Pang Z, Tan Q, Zhang D, Martin NG, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Hjelmborg JVB, Rebato E, Swan GE, Krasnow R, Busjahn A, Lichtenstein P, Öncel SY, Aliev F, Baker LA, Tuvblad C, Siribaddana SH, Hotopf M, Sumathipala A, Rijsdijk F, Magnusson PKE, Pedersen NL, Aslan AKD, Ordoñana JR, Sánchez-Romera JF, Colodro-Conde L, Duncan GE, Buchwald D, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Yokoyama Y, Hopper JL, Loos RJF, Boomsma DI, Sørensen TIA, Silventoinen K, Kaprio J. Does the sex of one's co-twin affect height and BMI in adulthood? A study of dizygotic adult twins from 31 cohorts. Biol Sex Differ 2017; 8:14. [PMID: 28465822 PMCID: PMC5408365 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-017-0134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The comparison of traits in twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) dizygotic twin pairs is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure. To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on anthropometric traits, we compared mean height, body mass index (BMI), and the prevalence of being overweight or obese between men and women from OS and SS dizygotic twin pairs. Methods The data were derived from the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) database, and included 68,494 SS and 53,808 OS dizygotic twin individuals above the age of 20 years from 31 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. Zygosity was determined by questionnaires or DNA genotyping depending on the study. Multiple regression and logistic regression models adjusted for cohort, age, and birth year with the twin type as a predictor were carried out to compare height and BMI in twins from OS pairs with those from SS pairs and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight or obese. Results OS females were, on average, 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20, 0.41) taller than SS females. OS males were also, on average, taller than SS males, but this difference was only 0.14 cm (95% CI 0.02, 0.27). Mean BMI and the prevalence of overweight or obesity did not differ between males and females from SS and OS twin pairs. The statistically significant differences between OS and SS twins for height were small and appeared to reflect our large sample size rather than meaningful differences of public health relevance. Conclusions We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prenatal hormonal exposure or postnatal socialization (i.e., having grown up with a twin of the opposite sex) has a major impact on height and BMI in adulthood. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13293-017-0134-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie H Bogl
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aline Jelenkovic
- Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linda Ahrenfeldt
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Biodemography, The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria A Stazi
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità-National Center for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Fagnani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità-National Center for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina D'Ippolito
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità-National Center for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Rome, Italy
| | - Yoon-Mi Hur
- Department of Education, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - Hoe-Uk Jeong
- Department of Education, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - Judy L Silberg
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Lindon J Eaves
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Hermine H Maes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Psychiatry & Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | | | - Danshiitsoodol Narandalai
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Healthy Twin Association of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tessa L Cutler
- The Australian Twin Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | | | - Kerry L Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Biodemography, The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Axel Skytthe
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Biodemography, The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirsten O Kyvik
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.,USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Amie E Hwang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Thomas M Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.,USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Catherine A Derom
- Centre of Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University Hospitals, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Tracy L Nelson
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences and Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
| | | | - Robin P Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | | | - Tom A McAdams
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thalia C Eley
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alice M Gregory
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK
| | - Robert F Krueger
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Shandell Pahlen
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Zengchang Pang
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention, Qingdao Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Qihua Tan
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, China
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Genetic Epidemiology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Molecular Epidemiology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacob V B Hjelmborg
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Biodemography, The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Esther Rebato
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Gary E Swan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Ruth Krasnow
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | | | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sevgi Y Öncel
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Psychology and African American Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.,Faculty of Business, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Laura A Baker
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Catherine Tuvblad
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.,School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sisira H Siribaddana
- Institute of Research & Development, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka.,Faculty of Medicine & Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, NIHR Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Athula Sumathipala
- Institute of Research & Development, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka.,Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, School for Primary Care Research (SPCR), Faculty of Health, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Fruhling Rijsdijk
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna K Dahl Aslan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Gerontology and Aging Research Network-Jönköping (ARN-J), School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucia Colodro-Conde
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glen E Duncan
- Washington State Twin Registry, Washington State University-Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA USA
| | - Dedra Buchwald
- Washington State Twin Registry, Washington State University-Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, WA USA
| | - Adam D Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David L Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Twin Registry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yoshie Yokoyama
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - John L Hopper
- The Australian Twin Registry, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research (Section on Metabolic Genetics), and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Copenhagen, The Capital Region Denmark
| | - Karri Silventoinen
- Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Caanen MR, Kuijper EA, Hompes PG, Kushnir MM, Rockwood AL, Meikle WA, Homburg R, Lambalk CB. Mass spectrometry methods measured androgen and estrogen concentrations during pregnancy and in newborns of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:25-32. [PMID: 26586837 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Some suggest that elevated maternal androgens during gestation play a causative role. This implies placental passage of androgens during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to compare androgen and estrogen concentrations in maternal serum during pregnancy and in umbilical cord blood, between mothers with PCOS and their offspring compared to controls. DESIGN Prospective case-control study. METHODS Maternal blood samples were collected around 20 weeks of gestation and at delivery. Umbilical cord blood was also taken at delivery. Androgens (testosterone (T), androstenedione (ADION), dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA)) and estrogens (estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3)) were measured using the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. RESULTS At 20 weeks of gestation: T (P=0.019) and ADION (P=0.034) were higher in the PCOS mothers (pregnant with a girl), whereas DHEA, E1, E2, and E3 were not different. Maternal concentration at birth: T (P=0.004) and ADION (P=0.009) were also higher in the subgroup of PCOS mothers that were pregnant with a girl compared to the girl pregnancy controls. DHEA, E1, E2 and E3 were not different. In umbilical cord blood, no differences were found for T, ADION, DHEA, E2, E3, and AMH between the PCOS mothers and the controls respectively. E1 was lower in girls from PCOS mothers (P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Despite elevated maternal androgen concentrations during pregnancy in PCOS mothers, offspring showed no signs of elevated androgen concentrations in cord blood at birth using the latest highly specific LC-MS/MS methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirte R Caanen
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Esther A Kuijper
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Peter G Hompes
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark M Kushnir
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alan L Rockwood
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Wayne A Meikle
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Roy Homburg
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cornelis B Lambalk
- Division of Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Gebouw Zuid, Amstelveenseweg 601, 1081 JC Amsterdam, The NetherlandsARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental PathologySalt Lake City, Utah, USADepartment of PathologyUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USADepartment of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USAHomerton Fertility CentreHomerton University Hospital, London, UK
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