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Calvo MM, López-Caballero ME, Martínez-Alvarez O. Identification of Polyphenols in Sea Fennel ( Crithmum maritimum) and Seaside Arrowgrass ( Triglochin maritima) Extracts with Antioxidant, ACE-I, DPP-IV and PEP-Inhibitory Capacity. Foods 2023; 12:3886. [PMID: 37959005 PMCID: PMC10650209 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea fennel and seaside arrowgrass are two abundant but underutilized halophytes along the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. This study investigated the antioxidant capacity and the potential antihypertensive (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I, ACE-I inhibition), hypoglycaemic (Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV, DPP-IV inhibition), and nootropic (Prolyl Endopeptidase, PEP inhibition) activity of their polyphenol extracts. They had a high phenol content (21-24 mEq GA/g), antioxidant capacity evaluated using the ABTS (17-2 mg ascorbic acid/g) and FRAP (170-270 mM Mohr's salt/g) assays, and effective ACE-inhibiting properties (80-90% inhibiting activity at final concentration of 0.5 mg/mL). Additionally, the sea fennel extract displayed high DPP-IV inhibitory capacity (73% at 1 mg/mL), while the seaside arrowgrass extract exhibited potent Prolyl endopeptidase inhibitory capacity (75% at 1 mg/mL). Fractionation by HPLC concentrated the bioactive molecules in two fractions, for which the composition was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Different chlorogenic acids seemed to play an important role in the bioactivity of sea fennel extract, and different flavonoids, mainly apigenin, luteolin and chrysoeriol, in the bioactivity of the seaside arrowgrass extract. Given their potential health benefits, these extracts could serve as valuable bioactive ingredients and could potentially encourage the cultivation of these species in regions where traditional crops face challenges in growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oscar Martínez-Alvarez
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 6th José Antonio Novais St., 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.C.); (M.E.L.-C.)
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2
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Combining the In Silico and In Vitro Assays to Identify Strobilanthes cusia Kuntze Bioactives against Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010105. [PMID: 36678602 PMCID: PMC9863409 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Strobilanthes cusia Kuntze (S. cusia) are a widely used alexipharmic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in southern China for the prevention of cold and respiratory tract infectious diseases. One of the most common bacterial pathogens in the respiratory tract is the gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. The antibiotic resistance of colonized S. pneumoniae makes it a more serious threat to public health. In this study, the leaves of S. cusia were found to perform antibacterial effects on the penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP). Confocal assay and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) monitored the diminished cell wall integrity and capsule thickness of the PRSP with treatment. The following comparative proteomics analysis revealed that the glycometabolism-related pathways were enriched for the differentially expressed proteins between the samples with treatment and the control. To further delve into the specific single effective compound, the bio-active contents of leaves of S. cusia were analyzed by UPLC-UV-ESI-Q-TOF/MS, and 23 compounds were isolated for anti-PRSP screening. Among them, Tryptanthrin demonstrated the most promising effect, and it possibly inhibited the N-glycan degradation proteins, as suggested by reverse docking analysis in silico and further experimental verification by the surface plasmon resonance assay (SPR). Our study provided a research foundation for applications of the leaves of S. cusia as a TCM, and supplied a bio-active compound Tryptanthrin as a candidate drug skeleton for infectious diseases caused by the PRSP.
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Zhang Y, Sui M, Bai Z, Zhou D, Lin B, Chen G, Hou Y, Li N. Study on components with neuroinflammation inhibitory activities from Croton tiglium L. var. xiaopadou. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200473. [PMID: 35931661 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An undescribed tigliane diterpenoid 12- O -tiglyl-13-acetyl-17- O -tiglyl-phorbol, together with thirty-three known components, were isolated from the stems of Croton tiglium L. var. xiaopadou (Euphorbiaceae). Their structures were established based on spectroscopic data and calculated ECD spectra. Their anti-neuroinflammatory effects were evaluated in LPS-induced BV-2 microglia. Thirteen tested compounds showed significant inhibitory activities, especially compounds 10 , 16 , 18 and 21 exhibited an inhibitory effect with IC 50 values in the range of 12.39 to 17.80 μM, which are comparable with that of the positive control (minocycline, IC 50 13.92 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Minghao Sui
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Zisong Bai
- Northeastern University, College of Life and Health Sciences, Shenyang 110004, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Di Zhou
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Bin Lin
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Gang Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Yue Hou
- Northeastern University, College of Life and Health Sciences, Shenyang 110004, Shenyang, CHINA
| | - Ning Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica , Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Wenhua Road 103, Not Available, 110016, Shenyang, CHINA
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Calvo MM, Martín-Diana AB, Rico D, López-Caballero ME, Martínez-Álvarez O. Antioxidant, Antihypertensive, Hypoglycaemic and Nootropic Activity of a Polyphenolic Extract from the Halophyte Ice Plant ( Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). Foods 2022; 11:foods11111581. [PMID: 35681331 PMCID: PMC9180490 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the potential antioxidant, antihypertensive, hypoglycaemic and nootropic activity of a purified polyphenolic extract from the halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). The ice plant extract showed good antioxidant activity measured by DPPH, ORAC, TEAC, FRAP and ferrous ion chelating activity. Moreover, the extract showed potent ACE, DPP-IV and PEP-inhibitory activity (90.5%, 98.6% and 73.1%, respectively, at a final concentration of 1 mg/mL). The extract was fractionated and the fraction with the highest content of total phenolic compounds showed the highest bioactivity, suggesting that polyphenols could be mainly responsible for the abovementioned activities. The tentative polyphenol identification by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS in this fraction revealed that flavones (>65%) are the major group, with apigenin (38%) predominating, followed by diosmin (17.7%) and luteolin (11.9%). They could presumably be the main elements responsible for the enzymatic inhibition activity. Additionally, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid and a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative (2-O-(p-cumaroyl)-l-malic acid) were found in the extract. To our knowledge, this is the first time that some of these activities have been reported for halophyte extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta María Calvo
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.C.); (M.E.L.-C.)
| | - Ana Belén Martín-Diana
- Agricultural Technological Institute of Castile and León (ITACyL), Government of Castile and León, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 119, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain; (A.B.M.-D.); (D.R.)
| | - Daniel Rico
- Agricultural Technological Institute of Castile and León (ITACyL), Government of Castile and León, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 119, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain; (A.B.M.-D.); (D.R.)
| | - María Elvira López-Caballero
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.C.); (M.E.L.-C.)
| | - Oscar Martínez-Álvarez
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.C.); (M.E.L.-C.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Duan WG, Liu X, Na Z, Zhou L, Huang FM, Song QS, Fan QF. Screening and detection of antimicrobials from Dai pharmaceuticals against clinical diseases by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 74:73-77. [PMID: 34637544 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oroxylum indicum is one of the valuable Dai pharmaceuticals; the dry seeds and bark of O. indicum were used to treat acute cough, sore throat and so on. Of the seven compounds from O. indicum were determined and obtained using the bioassay-guided method. Among them, compound 7 was obtained from the plant for the first time. Eight bacterial strains and one yeast fungi were exposed to the compounds. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) or minimum fungicidal concentrations were determined according to the standard broth microdilution method. Baicalein (2) exhibited relative strong antibacterial activities with MIC of 8 μg ml-1 and MBC of 16 μg ml-1 against three MRSA strains of Staphylococcus aureus of SCCmec III type, whereas flavonoids 3, 5 and 7 showed some degree of activities against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA, ATCC 25923). The findings may offer new evidence that why O. indicum was used widely in Dai peoples' life.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G Duan
- Yunnan Technology and Business University, Kunming, P.R. China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - X Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China.,Chongqing Changshou District Agricultural and Rural Committee, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Z Na
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - L Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - F M Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Q S Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Q F Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
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6
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Borgo J, Laurella LC, Martini F, Catalán CAN, Sülsen VP. Stevia Genus: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities Update. Molecules 2021; 26:2733. [PMID: 34066562 PMCID: PMC8125113 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Stevia genus (Asteraceae) comprises around 230 species, distributed from the southern United States to the South American Andean region. Stevia rebaudiana, a Paraguayan herb that produces an intensely sweet diterpene glycoside called stevioside, is the most relevant member of this genus. Apart from S. rebaudiana, many other species belonging to the Stevia genus are considered medicinal and have been popularly used to treat different ailments. The members from this genus produce sesquiterpene lactones, diterpenes, longipinanes, and flavonoids as the main types of phytochemicals. Many pharmacological activities have been described for Stevia extracts and isolated compounds, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities being the most frequently mentioned. This review aims to present an update of the Stevia genus covering ethnobotanical aspects and traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of the extracts and isolated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Borgo
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.); (F.M.)
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Laura C. Laurella
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.); (F.M.)
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Florencia Martini
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.); (F.M.)
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Cesar A. N. Catalán
- Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471 (T4000INI), San Miguel de Tucumán T4000, Argentina;
| | - Valeria P. Sülsen
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET—Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.); (F.M.)
- Cátedra de Farmacognosia, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
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7
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Wang X, Li S, Wang Y, Hu R. HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF/MS-Based Screening and Analysis of the Multiple Absorbed Bioactive Components in Rat Serum after Oral Administration of Xiexin Tang. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190314130053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Xiexin Tang (XXT) is a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula
that has been used in herbal clinics for more than 1800 years. Recently, many studies have investigated
the pharmacological effects and chemical composition of XXT. However, there is little information
about systematic studies on the material basis of its efficacy. In the present study, the serum pharmacochemistry
technique and HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF/MS were performed to screen and analyze the multiple
absorbed bioactive components and metabolites of orally dosed XXT in rat serum.
Methods:
Bio-samples and herbal extracts were analyzed and detected by HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF/MS.
Upon comparison of the chromatograms of the single-constituent decoctions with that of the XXT formulation,
the peak quantity and peak intensity of the formulated decoction showed some variation from
those of the single-constituent decoctions.
Results:
Twenty-one serum-adsorbed constituents were identified after intragastric administration of
herbal extracts, of which 8 originated from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (RRR), 5 from Coptidis Rhizoma
(CR), and 8 from Scutellariae Radix (SR). The results showed that the main adsorbed constituents in the
serum were anthraquinones, anthrones, chromones, and butyrophenones, alkaloids, and flavonoids.
Conclusion:
The results demonstrate that an effective and reliable analytical method is set up for
screening the bioactive components of Chinese herbal medicine, which provided a meaningful basis for
further pharmacology and active mechanism research of XXT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Shujiao Li
- Center of Scientific Research, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Center of Scientific Research, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Xianyang 712046, China
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8
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Hou Y, Wang M, Sun C, Peng C, Zhang Y, Li X. Tunicyclin L, a cyclic peptide from Psammosilene tunicoides: Isolation, characterization, conformational studies and biological activity. Fitoterapia 2020; 145:104628. [PMID: 32433930 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tunicyclin L (1), cyclo (L-Pro1-Gly-L-Phe1-L-Ile-L-Pro2-L-Phe2 -L-Thr-L-Val), and 11 known compounds, including one cyclic peptide (2), eight carboline alkaloids (3 -10), one lignan (11) and one flavone (12) were isolated from the roots of Psammosilene tunicoides. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive UV, IR, MS, NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with literature. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction results revealed the stereochemistry of the 24-membered ring cyclic peptide (1). Among these known compounds, compound 6 was found to be a new natural product, and compounds 3, 4, and 11 were isolated from this plant for the first time. Five compounds (1, 3, 4, 7, and 9) showed moderate anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhuan Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Chongzhi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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Sajid M, Khan MR, Ismail H, Latif S, Rahim AA, Mehboob R, Shah SA. Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Alnus nitida leaves in alloxan induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 251:112544. [PMID: 31904496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaves of Alnus nitida are used by local communities for the management of diabetes and in inflammatory disorders. METHODS Powder of shade dried leaves of A. nitida was extracted with methanol (ANME) and fractionated in escalating polarity i.e n-hexane (ANHE), chloroform (ANCE), ethyl acetate (ANEE) and soluble residual aqueous fraction (ANAE). The extract/fractions were evaluated for antidiabetic in vitro assays; α-amylase, α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). The in vivo investigations were carried out on ANEE and ANAE (100 mg/kg; 200 mg/kg, p.o.) in alloxan (125 mg/kg i.p.) induced hyperglycemic rats. Serum analysis was performed on liver, pancreas and kidney function markers. Analysis of antioxidant enzymes and genotoxic studies were carried out on pancreas, liver and kidneys tissues. GC-MS analysis was performed on ANME whereas HPLC analysis was carried out on ANME, ANEE and ANAE. RESULTS Preliminary in vitro assays indicated appreciable antidiabetic activity of ANEE and ANAE against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and DPP-4 assay. Furthermore, in vivo antidiabetic effect of ANEE and ANAE was inveterate by anti-hyperglycemic action in normal glucose loaded and diabetic glucose loaded animals. Single dose of alloxan (125 mg/kg) decreased the level of insulin and high density lipoprotein while raised the level of amylase and lipase, ALT, AST, total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, BUN, CPK, CK-Mb in serum. Concentration of H2O2, lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and nitrite was increased (P < 0.05) whereas level of tissue protein, glutathione content (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes decreased in pancreas, liver and kidneys as compared to control group. Administration of ANEE and ANAE for 14 days after induction of diabetes decreased the hyperglycemia and restored the level of these parameters. Histopathological and genotoxic studies also endorsed the defensive strategies of ANEE and ANAE. GC-MS analysis of ANME demonstrated the presence of antidiabetic constituents i.e. linalool, Vitamin E and phytol. CONCLUSION Results obtained in this study suggests antidiabetic and antioxidant abilities and provides the scientific proof of the folklore medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniba Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University PIMS, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, 50700, Gujrat, Pakistan.
| | - Sara Latif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Amna Abdul Rahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Ramsha Mehboob
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion study of Oroxylin A, Oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide and Oroxylin A sodium sulfonate in rats after administration of Oroxylin A. Fitoterapia 2020; 142:104480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Seixas N, Dalcol II, Ravanello B, Alessio K, Duarte FA, Bender V, Morel AF. Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase and Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibition of Novel Amino acid-functionalized Stigmasterol and Ursolic Acid Derivatives. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191014154939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Triterpenes and phytosterols are classes of natural compounds widespread in
plants possessing a great number of pharmacological activities. In our continued search
for new compounds from natural sources with pharmacological potential, we prepared a
series of novel stigmasterol and ursolic acid (UA) derivatives by coupling with L-proline,
L-cysteine and L-glutamic acid. Unlike stigmasterol, the eight derivatives obtained
showed good inhibitory capacity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or prolyl oligopeptidase
(POP). Among these derivatives, we highlight 3 and 5 with IC50 values of 99.0 ± 8.8
and 97.5 ± 5.0 µM against AChE, respectively, and derivative 8 with a POP IC50 value of
75.7 ± 6.3 µM. The ursolic acid derivative 19 was the most promising compound of its
class, with IC50 against AChE of 98.3 ± 7.7 µM. These results demonstrate that simple
structural modifications on triterpenes and phytosterols can enhance their performance as enzymatic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalin Seixas
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ionara I. Dalcol
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ravanello
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Keiti Alessio
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio A. Duarte
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Bender
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ademir F. Morel
- Departamento de Quimica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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12
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Proença C, Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Tomé SM, Araújo AN, Silva AMS, Fernandes PA, Fernandes E. The dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitory effect of flavonoids is hindered in protein rich environments. Food Funct 2019; 10:5718-5731. [PMID: 31441917 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00722a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors present a unique approach for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the present study, the inhibition of DPP-4 was evaluated for a large panel of flavonoids, important components of the human diet, using in vitro and ex vivo models. The activity of the isolated enzyme was assayed in vitro. Subsequently, the most active flavonoids were tested ex vivo in human whole blood and plasma. In this study, contrary to the in vitro fluorometric tests, flavonoids did not show inhibitory activity against DPP-4. Due to the discrepancy in the results between the in vitro and ex vivo approaches, plasma protein binding values were determined, presenting values from 43.9 to 100.0%. This work provides a new insight into the inhibitory activity for DPP-4, based on the flavonoid scaffold. Additionally, the obtained results showed that the inhibitory effect of flavonoids against DPP-4 was hindered in protein rich environments, like that occurring in blood, and indicated the need for experimental refinement in drug discovery for blood targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Proença
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara M Tomé
- QOPNA and LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alberto N Araújo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- QOPNA and LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Fernandes
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Liu ZB, Sun CP, Xu JX, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Qiu F. Phytochemical constituents from Scutellaria baicalensis in soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition: Kinetics and interaction mechanism merged with simulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:1187-1193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Grienke U, Radić Brkanac S, Vujčić V, Urban E, Ivanković S, Stojković R, Rollinger JM, Kralj J, Brozovic A, Radić Stojković M. Biological Activity of Flavonoids and Rare Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated From Centaurea ragusina L. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:972. [PMID: 30190676 PMCID: PMC6117149 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The endemic Croatian species Centaurea ragusina L., like other species from the genus Centaurea, has been traditionally used in Croatia as an antibacterial agent and for the treatment of gastrointestinal and urogenital disorders. In several chromatographic steps, three flavonoids and three sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) were isolated and identified from the most active fractions of the ethanol extract. Two STLs, one for which we created the trivial name ragusinin, and hemistepsin A are here reported for the first time as constituents of the genus Centaurea. All six compounds were screened for their effect on several tumor and one normal cell lines. Among them, ragusinin showed the best bioactivity and high specificity to affect tumor murine SCCVII, human HeLa and Caco-2 cell lines, but not the viability of normal V79 fibroblasts. Due to these characteristics the action of ragusinin was investigated in more detail. Since DNA is the primary target for many drugs with antibacterial and anticancer activity, we studied its interaction with ragusinin. Rather moderate binding affinity to DNA excluded it as the primary target of ragusinin. Due to the possibility of STL interaction with glutathione (GSH), the ubiquitous peptide that traps reactive compounds and other xenobiotics to prevent damage to vital proteins and nucleic acids, its role in deactivation of ragusinin was evaluated. Addition of the GSH precursor N-acetyl-cysteine potentiated the viability of HeLa cells, while the addition of GSH inhibitor L-buthionine sulfoximine decreased it. Moreover, pre-treatment of HeLa cells with the inhibitor of glutathione-S-transferase decreased their viability indicating the detoxifying role of GSH in ragusinin treated cells. Cell death, derived by an accumulation of cells in a G2 phase of the cell cylce, was shown to be independent of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3 cleavage pointing toward an alternative cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Grienke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Radić Brkanac
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerija Vujčić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ernst Urban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siniša Ivanković
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ranko Stojković
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Juran Kralj
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anamaria Brozovic
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Synthesis of polyozellin, a prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor, and its structural revision. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:930-933. [PMID: 29429833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyozellin is a p-terphenyl compound which was isolated from Polyozellus multiplex, and exhibits an inhibitory activity against prolyl oligopeptidase (POP). Its structure was assigned as 1 having a p-terphenyl skeleton including a p-substituted dibenzofuran moiety by spectroscopic analyses and chemical means. This paper describes the total syntheses of the proposed structure 1 for polyozellin and its o-isomer 2, revising the structure of polyozellin to the latter. These syntheses involved a double Suzuki-Miyaura coupling using chlorophenylboronic acid as a common key building block, and Cu mediated Ullmann cyclization as key steps. The inhibitory activities of synthetic compounds against POP and cancer cells were also evaluated.
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Patel K, Patel DK. Medicinal importance, pharmacological activities, and analytical aspects of hispidulin: A concise report. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:360-366. [PMID: 28725632 PMCID: PMC5506639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines have been played an important role in the human civilization since very ancient time as a food, cloth, medicine and other aspects. Some of the important drugs in the modern medicine were derived from the natural sources such as aspirin, digitalis, quinine, vincristine, vinblastine etc. Hispidulin (4', 5, 7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone) is a flavones derivative found in plant such as Grindelia argentina, Arrabidaea chica, Saussurea involucrate, Crossostephium chinense, Artemisia and Salvia species. Hispidulin have antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and antineoplastic properties. So far, various analytical methods have been investigated and developed for detection of hispidulin in the plant materials. Productions of hispidulin through different tissue culture techniques have been also investigated. Present review summarized medicinal uses, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of hispidulin. From the above mentioned aspects, we can conclude that, this review will be helpful to the researcher in the field of natural product for the development of novel molecule for the treatment of different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Patel
- Jubilant Life Sciences, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Studies of Citrus macroptera: A Medicinal Plant Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9789802. [PMID: 28740540 PMCID: PMC5504973 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9789802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Citrus macroptera (family Rutaceae), commonly known as Sat Kara, is a pharmacologically diverse medicinal plant. Various parts of this plant, specifically fruit, have an immense range of medicinal uses in folk medicine directed for a number of ailments. A plethora of active phytochemical constituents of this plant have been revealed so far, namely, limonene, beta-caryophyllene, beta-pinene, geranial edulinine, ribalinine, isoplatydesmine, and so forth. Several studies demonstrated the exploration of pharmacological potential of various parts such as fruits, leaves, and stems of C. macroptera as antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, thrombolytic, hypoglycemic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective. Furthermore, inhibition of in vitro α-amylase, inhibition of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity, and potentiation of brain antioxidant enzyme are also ascertained. In present review, comprehensive study focused on knowledge regarding several phytopharmacological activities of Citrus macroptera has been described.
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Ohiri RC. GC/MS analysis of Tremella fuciformis (White jelly mushrooms) oil. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj89.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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20
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Ji S, Li R, Wang Q, Miao WJ, Li ZW, Si LL, Qiao X, Yu SW, Zhou DM, Ye M. Anti-H1N1 virus, cytotoxic and Nrf2 activation activities of chemical constituents from Scutellaria baicalensis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:475-484. [PMID: 26578185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huang-Qin, derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is a popular Chinese herbal medicine mainly used to treat influenza and cancer. This study aims to elucidate the anti-influenza, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation effective components of S. baicalensis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Various column chromatography techniques and semi-preparative HPLC were used to isolate Scutellaria compounds, and their structures were identified by HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analysis. The pure compounds were evaluated for anti-influenza activities against A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus in MDCK cells, cytotoxic activities against HepG2, SW480 and MCF7 human cancer cells by MTS assay, and antioxidant activities by Nrf2 luciferase reporter assay. In addition, the contents of 12 major compounds in 27 batches of S. baicalensis were simultaneously determined by a fully validated UPLC/UV method. RESULTS A total of thirty compounds (1-30), including four new ones (3, 7, 11 and 23), were isolated from S. baicalensis. Baicalin (15), baicalein (26), wogonin (27), chrysin (28) and oroxylin A (30) showed potent anti-H1N1 activities, with IC50 values of 7.4, 7.5, 2.1, 7.7 and 12.8 μM, respectively, which were remarkably more potent than the positive drug Osv-P (oseltamivir phosphate, IC50 45.6 μM). Most free flavones (26-28 and 30) showed significant cytotoxic activities at 10 μM (up to 61.2% inhibition rate). Furthermore, 30 could activate Nrf2 transcription by 3.8-fold of the control at 10 μM. UPLC analysis indicated the 12 major compounds (including the bioactive ones) accounted for 195.93 ± 43.9 mg g(-)(1) of the herbal materials. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that free flavones showed potent anti-influenza, anti-cancer and anti-oxidative activities. They are important effective components of S. baicalensis, and can be used as chemical markers for quality control of this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen-juan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zi-wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Long-long Si
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Si-wang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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Chao SW, Su MY, Chiou LC, Chen LC, Chang CI, Huang WJ. Total Synthesis of Hispidulin and the Structural Basis for Its Inhibition of Proto-oncogene Kinase Pim-1. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1969-1976. [PMID: 26275107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new method is applied to synthesize hispidulin, a natural flavone with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Hispidulin exhibits inhibitory activity against the oncogenic protein kinase Pim-1. Crystallographic analysis of Pim-1 bound to hispidulin reveals a binding mode distinct from that of quercetin, suggesting that the binding potency of flavonoids is determined by their hydrogen-bonding interactions with the hinge region of the kinase. Overall, this work may facilitate construction of a library of hispidulin-derived compounds for investigating the structure-activity relationship of flavone-based Pim-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming-Yuan Su
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chung-I Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Ph.D. Program for the Clinical Drug Discovery from Botanical Herbs , Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei 114, Taiwan
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22
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Tahtah Y, Kongstad KT, Wubshet SG, Nyberg NT, Jønsson LH, Jäger AK, Qinglei S, Staerk D. Triple aldose reductase/α-glucosidase/radical scavenging high-resolution profiling combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for identification of antidiabetic constituents in crude extract of Radix Scutellariae. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1408:125-32. [PMID: 26187760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, development of a new microplate-based high-resolution profiling assay using recombinant human aldose reductase is presented. Used together with high-resolution radical scavenging and high-resolution α-glucosidase assays, it provided the first report of a triple aldose reductase/α-glucosidase/radical scavenging high-resolution inhibition profile - allowing proof of concept with Radix Scutellariae crude extract as a polypharmacological herbal drug. The triple bioactivity high-resolution profiles were used to pinpoint bioactive compounds, and subsequent structure elucidation was performed with hyphenated high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The only α-glucosidase inhibitor was baicalein, whereas main aldose reductase inhibitors in the crude extract were baicalein and skullcapflavone II, and main radical scavengers were ganhuangemin, viscidulin III, baicalin, oroxylin A 7-O-glucuronide, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin, and skullcapflavone II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousof Tahtah
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth T Kongstad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sileshi G Wubshet
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils T Nyberg
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise H Jønsson
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna K Jäger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sun Qinglei
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Isoquinoline alkaloids as prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitors. Fitoterapia 2015; 103:192-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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Saleem S, Jafri L, ul Haq I, Chang LC, Calderwood D, Green BD, Mirza B. Plants Fagonia cretica L. and Hedera nepalensis K. Koch contain natural compounds with potent dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitory activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 156:26-32. [PMID: 25169215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The two plants investigated here (Fagonia cretica L. and Hedera nepalensis K. Koch) have been previously reported as natural folk medicines for the treatment of diabetes but until now no scientific investigation of potential anti-diabetic effects has been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro inhibitory effect of the two tested plants and their five isolated compounds on the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) was studied for the assessment of anti-diabetic activity. RESULTS A crude extract of Fagonia cretica possessed good inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ value: 38.1 μg/ml) which was also present in its n-hexane (FCN), ethyl acetate (FCE) or aqueous (FCA) fractions. A crude extract of Hedera nepalensis (HNC) possessed even higher inhibitory activity (IC50 value: 17.2 μg/ml) and this activity was largely retained when further fractionated in either ethyl acetate (HNE; IC50: 34.4 μg/ml) or n-hexane (HNN; 34.2 μg/ml). Bioactivity guided isolation led to the identification of four known compounds (isolated for the first time) from Fagonia cretica: quinovic acid (1), quinovic acid-3β-O-β-D-glycopyranoside (2), quinovic acid-3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(28→1)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), and stigmasterol (4) all of which inhibited DPP-4 activity (IC₅₀: 30.7, 57.9, 23.5 and >100 µM, respectively). The fifth DPP-4 inhibitor, the triterpenoid lupeol (5) was identified in Hedera nepalensis (IC₅₀: 31.6 μM). CONCLUSION The experimental study revealed that Fagonia cretica and Hedera nepalensis contain compounds with significant DPP-4 inhibitory activity which should be further investigated for their anti-diabetic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samreen Saleem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Laila Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Ihsan ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, United States.
| | - Danielle Calderwood
- Advanced ASSET Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Brian D Green
- Advanced ASSET Centre, Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Uddin N, Hasan MR, Hossain MM, Sarker A, Hasan AHMN, Islam AFMM, Chowdhury MMH, Rana MS. In vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr. fruit. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:473-9. [PMID: 25182949 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr.fruit in α-amylase inhibitory activity (in vitro) and hypoglycemic activity in normal and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats (in vivo). METHODS Fruits of Citrus macroptera without rind was extracted with pure methanol following cold extraction and tested for presence of phytochemical constituents, α-amylase inhibitory activity, and hypoglycemic effect in normal rats and glucose induced hyperglycemic rats. RESULTS Presence of saponin, steroid and terpenoid were identified in the extract. The results showed that fruit extract had moderate α-amylase inhibitory activity [IC50 value=(3.638±0.190) mg/mL] as compared to acarbose. Moreover at 500 mg/kg and 1 000 mg/kg doses fruit extract significantly (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively) reduced fasting blood glucose level in normal rats as compared to glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). In oral glucose tolerance test, 500 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level (P<0.05) at 2 h but 1 000 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose level at 2 h and 3 h (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively) whereas glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced glucose level at every hour after administration. Overall time effect is also considered extremely significant with F value=23.83 and P value=0.0001 in oral glucose tolerance test. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the plant may be a potential source for the development of new oral hypoglycemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizam Uddin
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakib Hasan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Monir Hossain
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Arjyabrata Sarker
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - A H M Nazmul Hasan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - A F M Mahmudul Islam
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Mohd Motaher H Chowdhury
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sohel Rana
- Laboratory of Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
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Cytotoxic activities of flavonoids from Centaurea scoparia. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:274207. [PMID: 25114960 PMCID: PMC4075006 DOI: 10.1155/2014/274207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical studies on the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Centaurea scoparia led to the isolation of two new flavonoids, 3′,4′-dihydroxy-(3′′,4′′-dihydro-3′′-hydroxy-4′′-acetoxy)-2′′,2′′-dimethylpyrano-(5′′,6′′:7,8)-flavone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3,3′,4′-trihydroxy-(3′′,4′′-dihydro-3′′,4′′-dihydroxy)-2′′,2′′-dimethylpyrano-(5′′,6′′:7,8)-flavone (2), along with eight known flavonoids isolated for the first time from this plant, cynaroside (3), Apigetrin (4), centaureidin (5), oroxylin A (6), 5,7-dihydroxy-3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyflavone (7), atalantoflavone (8), 5-hydroxy-3′,4′,8-trimethoxy-2′′,2′′-dimethylpyrano (5′′,6′′:6,7)-flavone (9), and 3′,4′,5,8-tetramethoxy-2′′,2′′-dimethylpyrano (5′′,6′′:6,7)-flavone (10). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic tools including 1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectroscopy. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated against human cervical carcinoma HeLa, human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2, and human breast carcinoma MCF-7. Compound 2 was the most potent cytotoxic agent against HeLa cells with an IC50 0.079 μM.
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Formisano C, Rigano D, Senatore F, Bancheva S, Maggio A, Rosselli S, Bruno M. Flavonoids in subtribe Centaureinae (Cass.) Dumort. (tribe Cardueae, Asteraceae): distribution and (13)C-NMR spectral data. Chem Biodivers 2013; 9:2096-158. [PMID: 23081915 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This review reports the occurrence of flavonoids in subtribe Centaureinae of Asteraceae family. It extensively covers the literature up to 2010 and collects all available (13)C-NMR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Formisano
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, I-49-80131 Naples, Italy
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Filho AG, Morel AF, Adolpho L, Ilha V, Giralt E, Tarragó T, Dalcol II. Inhibitory Effect of Verbascoside Isolated from Buddleja brasiliensis
Jacq. ex Spreng on Prolyl Oligopeptidase Activity. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1472-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto G. Filho
- Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais NPPN, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Ademir F. Morel
- Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais NPPN, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Luciana Adolpho
- Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais NPPN, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Vinícius Ilha
- Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais NPPN, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Barcelona Science Park; Barcelona Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Barcelona Science Park; Barcelona Spain
| | - Ionara I. Dalcol
- Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais NPPN, Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Santa Maria RS Brazil
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Li C, Lin G, Zuo Z. Pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetics properties of Radix Scutellariae and its bioactive flavones. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2011; 32:427-45. [PMID: 21928297 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Radix Scutellariae is the dried root of the medicinal plant Scutellariae baicalensis Georgi. It exhibits a variety of therapeutic effects and has a long history of application in traditional formulations as well as in modern herbal medications. It has been confirmed that flavonoids are the most abundant constituents and induce these therapeutic effects. Six flavones are proven to be the major bioactive flavones in Radix Scutellariae existing in the forms of aglycones (baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A) and glycosides (baicalin, wogonoside, oroxylin A-7-glucuronide). All six flavones are pharmacologically active and show great potential in the treatment of inflammation, cancers and virus-related diseases. The current review covers the preparation of the herb Radix Scutellariae, quantification of its major bioactive ingredients, and pharmacological effects of the proposed six bioactive flavones. In addition, this review summarizes the pharmacokinetic profiles of the bioactive flavones reported so far that could be used for further improvement of their pharmacokinetic study. Moreover, due to abundant co-occurring bioactive components in Radix Scutellariae, our review further documents the pharmacokinetic interactions among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
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