1
|
Hussain A, Azam S, Maqsood R, Anwar R, Akash MSH, Hussain H, Wang D, Imran M, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Khan S, Hussain S, Ayub MA. Chemistry, biosynthesis, and theranostics of antioxidant flavonoids and polyphenolics of genus Rhododendron: an overview. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03428-6. [PMID: 39276249 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The genus Rhododendron is an ancient and most widely distributed genus of the family Ericaceae consisting of evergreen plant species that have been utilized as traditional medicine since a very long time for the treatment of various ailments including pain, asthma, inflammation, cold, and acute bronchitis. The chemistry of polyphenolics isolated from a number of species of the genus Rhododendron has been investigated. During the currently designed study, an in-depth study on the phytochemistry, natural distribution, biosynthesis, and pharmacological properties including their potential capability as free radical scavengers has been conducted. This work provides structural characteristics of phenolic compounds isolated from the species of Rhododendron with remarkable antioxidant potential. In addition, biosynthesis and theranostic study have also been encompassed with the aims to furnish a wide platform of valuable information for designing of new drug entities. The detailed information including names, structural features, origins, classification, biosynthetic pathways, theranostics, and pharmacological effects of about 171 phenolics and flavonoids isolated from the 36 plant species of the genus Rhododendron with the antioxidant potential has been covered in this manuscript. This study demonstrated that species of Rhododendron genus have excellent antioxidant activities and great potential as a source for natural health products. This comprehensive review might serve as a foundation for more investigation into the Rhododendron genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Azam
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Maqsood
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Anwar
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | | | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daijie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwillowska 11, 20-080, Lublin, Poland
| | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Havelian, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University (KIU), Gilgit, Gilgit-Baltistan, 15100, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu XJ, Su HG, Peng XR, Bi HC, Qiu MH. An updated review of the genus Rhododendron since 2010: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 217:113899. [PMID: 37866447 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Rhododendron, the largest genus of Ericaceae, consists of approximately 1000 species that are widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and North America but mainly exist in Asia. Rhododendron plants have not only good ornamental and economic value but also significant medicinal potential. In China, many Rhododendron plants are used as traditional Chinese medicine or ethnic medicine for the treatment of respiratory diseases, pain, bleeding and inflammation. Rhododendron is known for its abundant metabolites, especially diterpenoids. In the past 13 years, a total of 610 chemical constituents were reported from Rhododendron plants, including 222 diterpenoids, 122 triterpenoids, 103 meroterpenoids, 71 flavonoids and 92 other constituents (lignans, phenylpropanoids, phenolic acids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, coumarins, steroids, fatty acids). Moreover, the bioactivities of various extracts and isolates, both in vitro and in vivo, were also investigated. Our review summarized the research progress of Rhododendron regarding traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology in the past 13 years (2010 to December 2022), which will provide new insight for prompting further research on Rhododendron application and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hai-Guo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hui-Chang Bi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao L, Wang T, Zhuoma D, Yuan R, Huang S, Li B. Farrerol attenuates glutamate-induced apoptosis in HT22 cells via the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1009-1016. [PMID: 37348480 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Farrerol is a flavonoid found in plants with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including protection and enhancement of nerve cell function, as well as antioxidant and antibacterial properties, among others. Neurodegenerative diseases are irreversible neurological disorders resulting from the loss of neuronal cells in the brain and spinal cord. In this experiment, we investigated the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of farrerol on glutamate-induced HT22 cells. Our results showed that farrerol inhibited reactive oxygen species expression, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, and the activation of caspases 3 and 9 in HT22 cells induced by glutamate. Additionally, farrerol potentially regulated the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway, as it attenuated the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and promoted the expression of HO-1. These findings suggest that farrerol has potential as a new therapeutic option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhuoma
- Department of Medicament, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Ruiying Yuan
- Department of Medicament, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, and Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Taniguchi M, LaRocca CA, Bernat JD, Lindsey JS. Digital Database of Absorption Spectra of Diverse Flavonoids Enables Structural Comparisons and Quantitative Evaluations. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1087-1119. [PMID: 36848595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids play diverse roles in plants, comprise a non-negligible fraction of net primary photosynthetic production, and impart beneficial effects in human health from a plant-based diet. Absorption spectroscopy is an essential tool for quantitation of flavonoids isolated from complex plant extracts. The absorption spectra of flavonoids typically consist of two major bands, band I (300-380 nm) and band II (240-295 nm), where the former engenders a yellow color; in some flavonoids the absorption tails to 400-450 nm. The absorption spectra of 177 flavonoids and analogues of natural or synthetic origin have been assembled, including molar absorption coefficients (109 from the literature, 68 measured here). The spectral data are in digital form and can be viewed and accessed at http://www.photochemcad.com. The database enables comparison of the absorption spectral features of 12 distinct types of flavonoids including flavan-3-ols (e.g., catechin, epigallocatechin), flavanones (e.g., hesperidin, naringin), 3-hydroxyflavanones (e.g., taxifolin, silybin), isoflavones (e.g., daidzein, genistein), flavones (e.g., diosmin, luteolin), and flavonols (e.g., fisetin, myricetin). The structural features that give rise to shifts in wavelength and intensity are delineated. The availability of digital absorption spectra for diverse flavonoids facilitates analysis and quantitation of these valuable plant secondary metabolites. Four examples are provided of calculations─multicomponent analysis, solar ultraviolet photoprotection, sun protection factor (SPF), and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)─for which the spectra and accompanying molar absorption coefficients are sine qua non.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Connor A LaRocca
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Jake D Bernat
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A Preclinical Model for Parkinson’s Disease Based on Transcriptional Gene Activation via KEAP1/NRF2 to Develop New Antioxidant Therapies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030673. [PMID: 36978921 PMCID: PMC10045214 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigations of the effect of antioxidants on idiopathic Parkinson’s disease have been unsuccessful because the preclinical models used to propose these clinical studies do not accurately represent the neurodegenerative process of the disease. Treatment with certain exogenous neurotoxins induces massive and extremely rapid degeneration; for example, MPTP causes severe Parkinsonism in just three days, while the degenerative process of idiopathic Parkinson´s disease proceeds over many years. The endogenous neurotoxin aminochrome seems to be a good alternative target since it is formed in the nigrostriatal system neurons where the degenerative process occurs. Aminochrome induces all the mechanisms reported to be involved in the degenerative processes of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. The presence of neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons in the postmortem brain of healthy elderly people suggests that neuromelanin synthesis is a normal and harmless process despite the fact that it requires oxidation of dopamine to three ortho-quinones that are potentially toxic, especially aminochrome. The apparent contradiction that neuromelanin synthesis is harmless, despite its formation via neurotoxic ortho-quinones, can be explained by the protective roles of DT-diaphorase and glutathione transferase GSTM2-2 as well as the neuroprotective role of astrocytes secreting exosomes loaded with GSTM2-2. Increasing the expression of DT-diaphorase and GSTM2-2 may be a therapeutic goal to prevent the degeneration of new neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons. Several phytochemicals that induce DT-diaphorase have been discovered and, therefore, an interesting question is whether these phytochemical KEAP1/NRF2 activators can inhibit or decrease aminochrome-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang G, Qin Y, Jia Y, Xie X, Li D, Jiang B, Wang Q, Feng S, Wu Y. Transcriptomic and metabolomic data reveal key genes that are involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway and regulate the floral fragrance of Rhododendron fortunei. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:8. [PMID: 36600207 PMCID: PMC9814181 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-04016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reveal the key genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which ultimately governs the fragrance of Rhododendron fortunei, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome and metabolomic analysis of the petals of two different varieties of two alpine rhododendrons: the scented R. fortunei and the unscented Rhododendron 'Nova Zembla'. RESULTS Our transcriptomic and qRT-PCR data showed that nine candidate genes were highly expressed in R. fortunei but were downregulated in Rhododendron 'Nova Zembla'. Among these genes, EGS expression was significantly positively correlated with various volatile benzene/phenylpropanoid compounds and significantly negatively correlated with the contents of various nonvolatile compounds, whereas CCoAOMT, PAL, C4H, and BALDH expression was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of various volatile benzene/phenylpropanoid compounds and significantly positively correlated with the contents of various nonvolatile compounds. CCR, CAD, 4CL, and SAMT expression was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of various benzene/phenylpropanoid compounds. The validation of RfSAMT showed that the RfSAMT gene regulates the synthesis of aromatic metabolites in R. fortunei. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated that key candidate genes and metabolites involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway may govern the fragrance of R. fortunei. This lays a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism underlying fragrance in the genus Rhododendron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Qin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yonghong Jia
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongbin Li
- Ningbo Forest Farm, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baoxin Jiang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qu Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyu Feng
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yueyan Wu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai X, Bian Z, Zhang M. Targeting the Nrf2 signaling pathway using phytochemical ingredients: A novel therapeutic road map to combat neurodegenerative diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154582. [PMID: 36610130 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a classical nuclear transcription factor that regulates the system's anti-oxidative stress response. The activation of Nrf2 induces the expression of antioxidant proteins and improves the system's anti-oxidative stress ability. Accumulating evidence suggests that Nrf2-centered signaling pathways may be a key pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). However, phytochemicals as new therapeutic agents against NDDs have not been clearly delineated. PURPOSE To review the therapeutic effects of phytochemical ingredients on NDDs by activating Nrf2 and reducing oxidative stress injury. METHODS A comprehensive search of published articles was performed using various literature databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The search terms included "Nrf2", "phytochemical ingredients", "natural bioactive agents", "neurodegenerative diseases", "Antioxidant", "Alzheimer's disease", "Parkinson's disease", "Huntington's disease", "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" "multiple sclerosis", "toxicity", and combinations of these keywords. A total of 769 preclinical studies were retrieved until August 2022, and we included 39 of these articless on phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and other fields. RESULTS Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies showed that phytochemical ingredients could act as an Nrf2 activator in the treatment of NDDs through the antioxidant defense mechanism. These phytochemical ingredients, such as salidroside, naringenin, resveratrol, sesaminol, ellagic acid, ginsenoside Re, tanshinone I, sulforaphane, curcumin, naringin, tetramethylpyrazine, withametelin, magnolol, piperine, and myricetin, had the potential to improve Nrf2 signaling, thereby combatting NDDs. CONCLUSION As Nrf2 activators, phytochemical ingredients may provide a novel potential strategy for the treatment of NDDs. Here, we reviewed the interaction between phytochemical ingredients, Nrf2, and its antioxidant damaging pathway in NDDs and explored the advantages of phytochemical ingredients in anti-oxidative stress, which provides a reliable basis for improving the treatment of NDDs. However, further clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of Nrf2 activators for NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhigang Bian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang C, Kjaerulff L, Hansen PR, Kongstad KT, Staerk D. Dual High-Resolution α-Glucosidase and PTP1B Inhibition Profiling Combined with HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR Analysis for the Identification of Potentially Antidiabetic Chromene Meroterpenoids from Rhododendron capitatum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:2454-2467. [PMID: 34460246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen previously undescribed chromene meroterpenoids, capitachromenic acids A-M (3-6, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, and 11b), were identified from an ethyl acetate extract of Rhododendron capitatum, using dual high-resolution α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibition profiling in combination with HPLC-PDA-HRMS-SPE-NMR. In addition, one known chromene meroterpenoid, daurichromenic acid (15), and its biosynthetic precursor, grifolic acid (12), two C-methylated flavanones, (2S)-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-8-methylflavanone (1) and farrerol (2), and two triterpenoids, oleanolic acid (14a) and ursolic acid (14b), were identified. New structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis, and absolute configurations of new chromene meroterpenoids were assigned by analysis of their ECD spectra on the basis of the empirical chromane helicity rule and from Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced ECD spectra by applying the bulkiness rule. Compounds 5, 9a, 9b, 12, and 15 showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 8.0 to 93.5 μM, while compounds 3, 5, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10b, 11b, 12, and 15 showed PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 2.5 to 68.1 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Kjaerulff
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Robert Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth T Kongstad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nago RDT, Nayim P, Mbaveng AT, Mpetga JDS, Bitchagno GTM, Garandi B, Tane P, Lenta BN, Sewald N, Tene M, Kuete V, Ngouela AS. Prenylated Flavonoids and C-15 Isoprenoid Analogues with Antibacterial Properties from the Whole Plant of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch (Gramineae). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164717. [PMID: 34443305 PMCID: PMC8401516 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The local botanical Imperata cylindrica in Cameroon was investigated for its antibacterial potency. The methanol extract afforded a total of seven compounds, including five hitherto unreported compounds comprising three flavonoids (1–3) and two C-15 isoprenoid analogues (4 and 5) together with known derivatives (6 and 7). The novelty of the flavonoids was related to the presence of both methyl and prenyl groups. The potential origin of the methyl in the flavonoids is discussed, as well as the chemophenetic significance of our findings. Isolation was performed over repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and the structures were elucidated by (NMR and MS). The crude methanol extract and isolated compounds showed considerable antibacterial potency against a panel of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. The best MIC values were obtained with compound (2) against S. aureus ATCC 25923 (32 µg/mL) and MRSA1 (16 µg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romeo D. Tadjouate Nago
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.D.T.N.); (M.T.); (A.S.N.)
| | - Paul Nayim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (P.N.); (A.T.M.); (B.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Armelle T. Mbaveng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (P.N.); (A.T.M.); (B.G.); (V.K.)
| | - James D. Simo Mpetga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.D.T.N.); (M.T.); (A.S.N.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.S.M.); (G.T.M.B.)
| | - Gabin T. Mbahbou Bitchagno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.D.T.N.); (M.T.); (A.S.N.)
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany;
- Correspondence: (J.D.S.M.); (G.T.M.B.)
| | - Badawe Garandi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (P.N.); (A.T.M.); (B.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Pierre Tane
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.D.T.N.); (M.T.); (A.S.N.)
| | - Bruno N. Lenta
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 47 Yaounde, Cameroon;
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Mathieu Tene
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.D.T.N.); (M.T.); (A.S.N.)
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (P.N.); (A.T.M.); (B.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Augustin Silvere Ngouela
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.D.T.N.); (M.T.); (A.S.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
King DI, Hamid K, Tran VH, Duke RK, Duke CC. Kangaroo Island propolis types originating from two Lepidosperma species and Dodonaea humilis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 188:112800. [PMID: 34087511 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The endemic Australian plants Lepidosperma sp. Flinders Chase (Cyperaceae), Lepidosperma viscidum (Cyperaceae) and Dodonaea humilis (Sapindaceae) were found to be the botanical origin of three propolis types found on Kangaroo Island identified by TLC and 1H NMR matching of propolis and plant resin analytical profiles. Resin samples extracted from the plant, Lepidosperma sp. Flinders Chase, were chromatographically fractionated to give: methyl 3-phenyl-2-(E-cinnamoyloxy)propanoate (1), 3-(E-8-methoxy-8-oxo-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl)-4-hydroxy-E-cinnamic acid (2), 3-(E-6,7-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct-2-enyl)-4-hydroxy-E-cinnamic acid (3), previously undescribed; and the known stilbenes, 2-prenyl-3,5-dihydroxy-E-stilbene (6) and 2-prenyl-3-methoxy-5-hydroxy-E-stilbene (7). The resin from L. viscidum gave: 5'-(E-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4,2',4'-trihydroxydihydrochalcone (4); 5'-(E-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4'-methoxy-4,2'-dihydroxydihydrochalcone (5), previously undescribed; and three known flavanones, farrerol (8), 5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavanone (9) and 5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-6-methylflavanone (10). The major constituent in the propolis identified as being sourced from D. humilis was identified as 6,8-diprenyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone (11), a known compound identified in several unrelated plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas I King
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaiser Hamid
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Van H Tran
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rujee K Duke
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Colin C Duke
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Duan L, Cheng S, Li L, Liu Y, Wang D, Liu G. Natural Anti-Inflammatory Compounds as Drug Candidates for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:684486. [PMID: 34335253 PMCID: PMC8316996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.684486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents chronic recurrent intestinal inflammation resulting from various factors. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have been identified as the two major types of IBD. Currently, most of the drugs for IBD used commonly in the clinic have adverse reactions, and only a few drugs present long-lasting treatment effects. Moreover, issues of drug resistance and disease recurrence are frequent and difficult to resolve. Together, these issues cause difficulties in treating patients with IBD. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of IBD is of significance. In this context, research on natural compounds exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity could be a novel approach to developing effective therapeutic strategies for IBD. Phytochemicals such as astragalus polysaccharide (APS), quercetin, limonin, ginsenoside Rd, luteolin, kaempferol, and icariin are reported to be effective in IBD treatment. In brief, natural compounds with anti-inflammatory activities are considered important candidate drugs for IBD treatment. The present review discusses the potential of certain natural compounds and their synthetic derivatives in the prevention and treatment of IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linshan Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuyu Cheng
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Farrerol maintains the contractile phenotype of VSMCs via inactivating the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:249-260. [PMID: 32840737 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Farrerol, a dihydroflavone isolated from Rhododendron dauricum L., can inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and exert a protective effect on H2O2-induced vascular endothelial cells injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of farrerol on VSMC phenotypic modulation and balloon injury-induced vascular neointimal formation and explored the underlying mechanisms. Serum-starved rat thoracic aorta SMCs (RASMCs) were first pretreated with farrerol (3, 10, and 30 μM, respectively), U0126 (a MEK kinase inhibitor), and SB203580 (a p38 kinase inhibitor), and followed by treatment with serum (10% FBS). The expression of several VSMC-specific markers, including α-SMA, SM22α, and OPN, were analyzed by western blot. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was also investigated. Farrerol inhibited the serum-induced transition of RASMCs from the contractile to the synthetic phenotype, and this was associated with a decrease in α-SMA and SM22α expression, and an increase in OPN expression. Farrerol also inhibited serum-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK in RASMCs. Moreover, U0126 and SB203580 both inhibited the serum-induced phenotypic transition of RASMCs. These findings indicate that farrerol can maintain the contractile phenotype of VSMCs partly via inactivating the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Using a rat model of carotid artery balloon injury, inhibition of VSMC phenotypic transition and suppression of neointimal formation were confirmed in vivo following the perivascular application of farrerol. Our results suggested that farrerol could be a promising lead compound for the treatment of vascular proliferative diseases.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ma X, Lin H, He Y, She Y, Wang M, Abd El-Aty AM, Afifi NA, Han J, Zhou X, Wang J, Zhang J. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers doped with graphene oxide for the selective recognition and extraction of four flavonoids from Rhododendron species. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1598:39-48. [PMID: 30940357 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer doped with reticular graphene oxide (Fe3O4@SiO2-GO@MIPs) was synthesized for the selective recognition and extraction of 4 flavonoids (farrerol, taxifolin, kaempferol, and hyperin) from Rhododendrons species. The Fe3O4@SiO2-GO@MIPs with lamellar membranes showed outstanding adsorption capacity. The 3D cavities complementary to the "shape" of farrerol were "imprinted" on the polymer framework after removal of farrerol template. Competitive binding assays showed that the polymer has a higher selectivity for farrerol compared with other analogues and references. The Fe3O4@SiO2-GO@MIPs as solid-phase extraction adsorbents combined with liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for selective determination of four flavonoids from Rhododendrons samples. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.07, 0.08, 0.06, and 0.08 μg L-1 for farrerol, taxifolin, kaempferol, and hyperin, respectively. These results suggest that the prepared Fe3O4@SiO2-GO@MIPs have the potential applicability to extract, purify, and enrich flavonoids from herbs, supplements, and other natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingbin Ma
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agri-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Zhanjiang Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Tropical Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China; Institute of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850006, China; Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Hongling Lin
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Tropical Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Yahui He
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agri-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongxin She
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agri-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Miao Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agri-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nehal A Afifi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
| | - Jianchen Han
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Tropical Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Xuzheng Zhou
- Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agri-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cui B, Guo X, You Y, Fu R. Farrerol attenuates MPP + -induced inflammatory response by TLR4 signaling in a microglia cell line. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1134-1141. [PMID: 30734970 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Farrerol was found to possess neuroprotective effect; however, the mechanism remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of farrerol on MPP+ -induced inflammation in mouse microglial BV-2 cells and to elaborate the underlying mechanism. MTT assay was performed to measure the cell viability. The pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); inducible nitric oxide synthase; and cyclooxygenase 2 were measured. The expression of p-p65, p-IκBα, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 were analyzed by western blot. We found that farrerol treatment improved cell viability in MPP+ -induced BV-2 cells. MPP+ -induced upregulation of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α was inhibited by farrerol treatment. Farrerol treatment also attenuated MPP+ -induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 as well as the activation of NF-κB in BV-2 cells. MPP+ -induced TLR4 signaling was markedly diminished by farrerol treatment. Knockdown of TLR4 attenuated MPP+ -induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells. In conclusion, farrerol treatment attenuated MPP+ -induced inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway in BV-2 cells. The results indicated that farrerol could be used as a therapeutic agent for preventing or alleviating the neuroinflammation-related diseases, such as Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei Cui
- Department of Neurology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanhui You
- Department of Neurology, Tongxu County Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Rongli Fu
- Department of Neurology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cui B, Zhang S, Wang Y, Guo Y. Farrerol attenuates β-amyloid-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in a microglia cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:112-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
16
|
Zhang W, Li X, Hua F, Chen W, Wang W, Chu GX, Bao GH. Interaction between Ester-Type Tea Catechins and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin: Inhibitory Mechanism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1147-1156. [PMID: 29355013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tea is thought to alleviate neurotoxicity due to the antioxidative effect of ester-type tea catechins (ETC). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) can sensitize β-amyloid (Aβ) induced neurotoxicity, and inhibitors of NGAL may relieve associated symptoms. As such, the interactions of ETC with NGAL were investigated by fluorescence spectrometry and molecular simulation. NGAL fluorescence is quenched regularly when being added with six processing types of tea infusion (SPTT) and ETC. Thermodynamic analyses suggest that ETC with more catechol moieties has a stronger binding capacity with NGAL especially in the presence of Fe3+. (-)-Epicatechin 3-O-caffeoate (ECC), a natural product isolated from Zijuan green tea, shows the strongest binding ability with NGAL (Kd = 15.21 ± 8.68 nM in the presence of Fe3+). All ETC are effective in protecting nerve cells against H2O2 or Aβ1-42 induced injury. The inhibitory mechanism of ETC against NGAL supports its potential use in attenuation of neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hua
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Anhui Provincial Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Xiu Chu
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Piao L, Zang M, Gu Y, Liu B. Development and validation of a sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative analysis of farrerol in rat plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28493423 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Piao
- Department of Gynecology; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Mingcui Zang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Department of Emergency; the First Hospital of Jilin University; Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| |
Collapse
|