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Wijatniko BD, Yamamoto Y, Hirayama M, Suzuki T. Identification and Molecular Mechanism of Anti-inflammatory Peptides Isolated from Jack Bean Protein Hydrolysates: in vitro Studies with Human Intestinal Caco-2BBe Cells. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01201-x. [PMID: 38940894 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Jack bean (JB), Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC, is a commonly cultivated legume in Indonesia. It is rich in protein, which can be hydrolyzed, making it potentially a good source of bioactive peptides. Intestinal inflammation is associated with several diseases, and the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in intestinal epithelial cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has an important role in inflammatory reaction. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of peptides generated from enzymatic hydrolysis of JB protein on human intestinal Caco-2BBe cells. Additionally, in silico approaches were used to identify potential bioactive peptides. JB protein hydrolysate (JBPH) prepared using pepsin and pancreatin reduced the IL-8 expression at protein and mRNA levels in Caco-2BBe cells stimulated with TNF-α. Immunoblot analysis showed that the JBPH reduced the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and p38 proteins. Anti-inflammatory activity was observed in the 30% acetonitrile fraction of JBPH separated on a Sep-Pak C18 column. An ultrafiltration method revealed that relatively small peptides (< 3 kDa) had a potent inhibitory effect on the IL-8 production. Purification of the peptides by reversed-phase and anion-exchange high performance chromatography produced three peptide fractions with anti-inflammatory activities. A combination of mass spectrometry analysis and in silico approaches identified the potential anti-inflammatory peptides. Peptides derived from JB protein reduces the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in Caco-2BBe cells via NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Our results may lead to a novel therapeutic approach to promote intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bambang Dwi Wijatniko
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739- 8528, Japan
- Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739- 8528, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739- 8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739- 8528, Japan.
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Purwandari FA, Fogliano V, Capuano E. Tempeh fermentation improves the nutritional and functional characteristics of Jack beans ( Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC). Food Funct 2024; 15:3680-3691. [PMID: 38488045 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05379b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The effect of two processing methods of Jack beans (i.e. cooked bean (CB) and cooked tempeh (CT)) on the in vitro digestibility of protein and starch, as well as the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and tryptophan (Trp) metabolites after in vitro colonic fermentation, was investigated. CT was obtained by fungal fermentation after cooking under acidic conditions. CT had significantly higher protein, lower digestible starch, lower total fiber, higher free phenolic compounds, and higher ash content compared to CB. CT exhibited better in vitro protein digestibility than CB and less glucose release during in vitro digestion than CB. A comparable concentration of total SCFAs and GABA was produced after in vitro fermentation of CB and CT, but CB produced more indole than CT, resulting in higher amounts of total Trp metabolites. In summary, our findings show that tempeh fermentation improves the nutritional quality of Jack beans and describe the impact of fermentation on the digestibility of nutrients and the formation of metabolites during colonic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiametta Ayu Purwandari
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan Flora, Bulaksumur, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Edoardo Capuano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Hettiarachchi H, Gunathilake K. Physicochemical and functional properties of seed flours obtained from germinated and non-germinated Canavalia gladiata and Mucuna pruriens. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19653. [PMID: 37809811 PMCID: PMC10558910 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
C. gladiata and M. pruriens are underutilized legumes available in Sri Lanka. The physicochemical and functional properties of germinated and non-germinated flours from these two legumes were investigated. Protein contents of the flours of C. gladiata and M. pruriens increased by 17.04% and 14.69% respectively while fat and carbohydrate contents decreased due to germination. Higher Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se content was observed in both germinated flour types. Glutamic acid is the highest non-essential amino acid whereas leucine is the highest essential amino acid found in both flour types. The majority of amino acids in 100 g of seed flour of both legumes increased due to germination. Moreover, some of the functional properties of legume flours were changed such as swelling power, water and oil holding capacities because of the germination. In conclusion, the functional and nutritional properties of flour can be altered by the germination process making them ideal for utilization as ingredients for functional food formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.A.C.O. Hettiarachchi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries & Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, Sri Lanka
| | - K.D.P.P. Gunathilake
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries & Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, Sri Lanka
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Purwandari FA, Westerbos C, Lee K, Fogliano V, Capuano E. Proximate composition, microstructure, and protein and starch digestibility of seven collections of Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) with different optimal cooking times. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112956. [PMID: 37316048 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Because of its high protein content, Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) is a promising alternative protein source. However, the utilization of Jack bean is limited due to the long cooking time to achieve palatable softness. We hypothesize that the cooking time may influence protein and starch digestibility. In this study, we characterized seven Jack bean collections with different optimal cooking times in terms of their proximate composition, microstructure and protein and starch digestibility. Kidney bean was included as a reference for microstructure and protein and starch digestibility. Proximate composition showed that Jack bean collections have a protein content ranging from 28.8 to 39.3%, a starch content ranging from 31 to 41%, a fiber content from 15.4 to 24.6%, and a concanavalin A content in the range 35-51 mg/g dry cotyledon. Particle sizes ranging between 125 and 250 µm were chosen as a representative sample of the whole bean to characterize microstructure and digestibility of the seven collections. Confocal laser microscopy (CLSM) revealed that Jack bean cells have an oval shape and contain starch granules embedded in a protein matrix similar to kidney bean cells. The diameter of Jack bean cells was measured by image analysis of CLSM micrographs and ranged from 103 to 123 µm, while the diameter of starch granules was 31-38 µm, comparatively larger than that of the kidney bean starch granules. Isolated intact cells were used to determine the starch and protein digestibility in the Jack beans collections. The digestion kinetics of starch followed a logistic model, whereas the digestion kinetics of protein followed a fractional conversion model. We found no correlation between optimal cooking time and kinetic parameters of protein and starch digestibility, implying that optimal cooking time is not predictive of protein and starch digestibility. In addition, we tested the effect of reduced cooking times on protein and starch digestibility on one Jack bean collection. The result showed that reducing cooking time significantly reduces starch digestibility, but not protein digestibility. The present study contributes to our understanding of the effect of food processing on protein and starch digestibility in legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiametta Ayu Purwandari
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jalan Flora, Bulaksumur, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Christien Westerbos
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Keumwoo Lee
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Capuano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Feitosa MBJ, Araújo SS, Mesquita TRR, Gioda CR, Sá LADE, Almeida GKM, Miguel-Dos-Santos R, Barbosa AM, Vasconcelos CMLDE, Camargo EA, Barreiros ALBS, Estevam CS, Moraes ÉRDE, Amaral RG, Lauton-Santos S. Antioxidants and cardioprotective effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Canavalia rosea leaves in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20220514. [PMID: 37493694 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Different degrees in the biological activities of Canavalia rosea had been previously reported . In this study, our group assessed the cardioprotective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction (EAcF) of the Canavalia rosea leaves. Firstly, it was confirmed, by in vitro approach, that the EAcF has high antioxidant properties due to the presence of important secondary metabolites, as flavonoids. In order to explore their potential protector against cardiovascular disorders, hearts were previously perfused with EAcF (300 μg.mL-1) and submitted to the global ischemia followed by reperfusion in Langendorff system. The present findings have demonstrated that EAcF restored the left ventricular developed pressure and decreased the arrhythmias severity index. Furthermore, EAcF significantly increased the glutathiones peroxidase activity with decreased malondialdehyde and creatine kinase levels. EAcF was effective upon neither the superoxide dismutase, glutationes reductase nor the catalase activities. In addition, the Western blot analysis revealed that ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly upregulates caspase 3 protein expression, while EAcF abolishes this effect. These results provide evidence that the EAcF reestablishes the cardiac contractility and prevents arrhythmias; it is suggested that EAcF could be used to reduce injury caused by cardiac reperfusion. However more clinical studies should be performed, before applying it in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maraísa B J Feitosa
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Silvan S Araújo
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Biological Sciences and Health Centre, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Thássio Ricardo R Mesquita
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Carolina R Gioda
- Federal University of Rio Grande, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Carreiros, Avenida Itália Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas A DE Sá
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Grace Kelly M Almeida
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Miguel-Dos-Santos
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Andriele M Barbosa
- Tiradentes University, Center for Study on Colloidal Systems (NUESC), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Carla Maria L DE Vasconcelos
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Heart Biophysics - Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Enilton A Camargo
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Inflammatory Process Pharmacology - Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - André Luís B S Barreiros
- Federal University of Sergipe, Natural Products Laboratory - Sciences and Technology Center, Department of Chemistry, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Charles S Estevam
- Federal University of Sergipe, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Natural Products, Biological Sciences and Health Centre, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Éder Ricardo DE Moraes
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Amaral
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lauton-Santos
- Federal University of Sergipe, Cardiovascular Biology and Oxidative Stress Laboratory, Biological Sciences and Health Center, Department of Physiology, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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6
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cajanin, an Isoflavonoid Derivative Isolated from Canavalia lineata Pods. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169492. [PMID: 36012755 PMCID: PMC9409483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive components of Canavalia lineata (Thunb.) DC pods were investigated using bioactivity-guided isolation, and the chemical structures of flavonoids 1–3, isoflavonoid derivatives 4–11, and phenolic compounds 12 and 13 were identified by comparing NMR, MS, and CD spectral data with previously reported spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–13 were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Among these compounds, the isoflavonoid derivative cajanin (7) exhibited the most potent anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 of NO = 19.38 ± 0.05 µM; IC50 of IL-6 = 7.78 ± 0.04 µM; IC50 of TNF-α = 26.82 ± 0.11 µM), exerting its anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the activation and nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF-κB by phosphorylating IκB and p65. These results suggested that cajanin (7) may be a potential candidate for improving the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Geraldo R, Santos CS, Pinto E, Vasconcelos MW. Widening the Perspectives for Legume Consumption: The Case of Bioactive Non-nutrients. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:772054. [PMID: 35222459 PMCID: PMC8866194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.772054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Legume grains have provided essential nutrients in human diets for centuries, being excellent sources of proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and fibers. They also contain several non-nutrients that historically have been connotated as toxic but that in recent years have been shown to have interesting bioactive properties. The discussion on the role of bioactive non-nutrients is becoming more important due to increasing science-based evidence on their potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anticarcinogenic properties. At a time when legume-based products consumption is being strongly promoted by national governments and health authorities, there is a need to clearly define the recommended levels of such non-nutrients in human diets. However, there is insufficient data determining the ideal amount of non-nutrients in legume grains, which will exert the most positive health benefits. This is aligned with insufficient studies that clearly demonstrate if the positive health effects are due to the presence of specific non-nutrients or a result of a dietary balance. In fact, rather than looking directly at the individual food components, most nutritional epidemiology studies relate disease risk with the food and dietary patterns. The purpose of this perspective paper is to explore different types of non-nutrients present in legume grains, discuss the current evidence on their health benefits, and provide awareness for the need for more studies to define a recommended amount of each compound to identify the best approaches, either to enhance or reduce their levels.
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Okla MK, Akhtar N, Alamri SA, Al-Qahtani SM, Ismail A, Abbas ZK, AL-Ghamdi AA, Qahtan AA, Soufan WH, Alaraidh IA, Selim S, AbdElgawad H. Potential Importance of Molybdenum Priming to Metabolism and Nutritive Value of Canavalia spp. Sprouts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112387. [PMID: 34834749 PMCID: PMC8625590 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum ions (Mo) can improve plants' nutritional value primarily by enhancing nitrogenous metabolism. In this study, the comparative effects of seed priming using Mo were evaluated among sproutings of Canavalia species/cultivars, including Canavalia ensiformis var. gladiata (CA1), Canavalia ensiformis var. truncata Ricker (CA2), and Canavalia gladiata var. alba Hisauc (CA3). Mo impacts on growth, metabolism (e.g., nitrogen and phenolic metabolism, pigment and total nutrient profiles), and biological activities were assayed. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to correlate Mo-mediated impacts. The results showed that Mo induced photosynthetic pigments that resulted in an improvement in growth and increased biomass. The N content was increased 0.3-fold in CA3 and 0.2-fold in CA1 and CA2. Enhanced nitrogen metabolism by Mo provided the precursors for amino acids, protein, and lipid biosynthesis. At the secondary metabolic level, phenolic metabolism-related precursors and enzyme activities were also differentially increased in Canavalia species/cultivars. The observed increase in metabolism resulted in the enhancement of the antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) and antidiabetic potential (Glycemic index (GI) and inhibition activity of α-amylase, and α-glucosidase) of species. The antioxidant activity increased 20% in CA3, 14% in CA1, and 8% in CA2. Furthermore, PCA showed significant variations not only between Mo-treated and untreated samples but also among Canavalia species. Overall, this study indicated that the sprouts of Canavalia species have tremendous potential for commercial usage due to their high nutritive value, which can be enhanced further with Mo treatment to accomplish the demand for nutritious feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.-G.); (A.A.Q.); (I.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.O.); (N.A.)
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.K.O.); (N.A.)
| | - Saud A. Alamri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.-G.); (A.A.Q.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani
- Biology Department, University College of Taymma, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Zahid Khurshid Abbas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah A. AL-Ghamdi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.-G.); (A.A.Q.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad A. Qahtan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.-G.); (A.A.Q.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Walid H. Soufan
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim A. Alaraidh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.A.A.-G.); (A.A.Q.); (I.A.A.)
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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Saldarriaga JF, Cruz Y, López JE. Preliminary study of the production of metabolites from in vitro cultures of C. ensiformis. BMC Biotechnol 2020; 20:49. [PMID: 32912189 PMCID: PMC7488093 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canavalia ensiformis is a legume native to Central and South America that has historically been a source of protein. Its main proteins, urease, and lectin have been extensively studied and are examples of bioactive compounds. In this work, the effect of pH and light effects on the growth of C. ensiformis were analyzed. Also, the bioactive compounds such as phenols, carotenoids, chlorophyll a/b, and the growth of callus biomass of C. ensiformis from the effect of different types of light treatments (red, blue and mixture) were evaluated. Likewise, the antioxidative activity of C. ensiformis extracts were studied and related to the production of bioactive compounds. For this, a culture of calluses obtained from seeds were carried out. For the light experiments, polypropylene boxes with red, blue, combination (1/3, 3/1 and 1/1 R-B, respectively) lights and white LED were used as control. In each treatment, three glass containers with 25 ml of MS salts containing 0.25 g of fresh callus were seeded. RESULTS The results have shown that the pH of the culture medium notably affects the increase in callogenic biomass. It shows that the pH of 5.5 shows better results in the callogenic growth of C. ensiformis with an average increase of 1.3051 g (198.04%), regarding the initial weight. It was found that the pH 5.5 and the 1/3 R-B LED combination had higher production of bioactive compounds and better antioxidant activity. At the same time, the red-light treatment was least effective. CONCLUSIONS It was possible to find the ideal conditions of important growth under conditions of pH and light of C. ensiformis. Likewise, it is evaluated whether the production of compounds of interest, such as phenolic compounds and carotenoids, occurs under these conditions. The highest production of calluses occurs in the 1/3 R-B LED combined light treatment, which showed a significant increase in biomass, followed by B. From this study, it could be demonstrated that C. ensiformis produces compounds such as phenols and carotenoids in vitro culture that are essential for the antioxidant activity of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Saldarriaga
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1Este #19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia, 111711.
| | - Yuby Cruz
- Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1Este #19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia, 111711
| | - Julián E López
- Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 #30-65, Medellín, Colombia, 050026
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10
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Protein fractions, in vitro protein digestibility and amino acid composition of select cowpea varieties grown in Ethiopia. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Abeesh P, Rasmi RR, Guruvayoorappan C. Edible Sword Bean Extract Induces Apoptosis in Cancer Cells In Vitro and Inhibits Ascites and Solid Tumor Development In Vivo. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1015-1025. [PMID: 32567370 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1781202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antitumor potential of edible sword bean (Canavalia gladiata (L.)) extract has been evaluated against Daltons lymphoma ascites (DLA) using in vitro and in vivo studies. Methanolic extraction was carried out and in vitro studies were performed against both DLA and A549, lung cancer cell lines. The results revealed that sword bean extract inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis as evidenced by cytotoxic assay, Hoechst 33342 staining and acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining. In vivo studies performed on DLA induced solid as well as ascitic tumors models showed administration of sword bean extract (10 mg/kg B.wt.) could significantly inhibit ascitic and solid tumor development in mice. Therefore, our overall results revealed that C. gladiata treatment could significantly inhibit tumor development and induce apoptosis in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathapan Abeesh
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Rajan Radha Rasmi
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Minde JJ, Venkataramana PB, Matemu AO. Dolichos Lablab-an underutilized crop with future potentials for food and nutrition security: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2249-2261. [PMID: 32530295 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1775173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) particularly goal number two in developing countries by 2030 is challenging. The State of Food Security and Nutrition (2019) in the World show prevalence of undernourishment which has practically remained unchanged for the last three years. This calls for sustainable synergies between food and nutrition in addressing the challenge. Exploring the potential of underutilized legumes such as Dolichos Lablab (Lablab purpureus) in improving food and nutrition security is of importance. Lablab is known among nutritious underutilized diversified legumes, which is drought tolerant relative to other legumes. However, it is less popular as human food. This review focuses on providing details on the nutritional potential of underutilized Lablab varieties for food availability, accessibility and satisfactorily utilization for improved livelihood. So far research attention has been focusing on good agronomic performance with less information on their nutritional quality and its contribution to the wellbeing of people. Both wild and cultivated Lablab accessions do differ morphologically and across diverse habitat environments. This may make them less known, untapped and underutilized despite its promising potential as a food resource in developing countries where malnutrition still exists. Efforts are needed to popularize high-quality nutritional accessions, enhancing their consumption and commercialization for feeding the ever-increasing population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine J Minde
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Pavithravani B Venkataramana
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Biodiversity and Ecosystems Management, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Athanasia O Matemu
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
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Abstract
D- and most L-enantiomers of carbohydrates and carbohydrate-containing compounds occur naturally in plants and other organisms. These enantiomers play many important roles in plants including building up biomass, defense against pathogens, herbivory, abiotic stress, and plant nutrition. Carbohydrate enantiomers are also precursors of many plant compounds that significantly contribute to plant aroma. Microorganisms, insects, and other animals utilize both types of carbohydrate enantiomers, but their biomass and excrements are dominated by D-enantiomers. The aim of this work was to review the current knowledge about carbohydrate enantiomers in ecosystems with respect to both their metabolism in plants and occurrence in soils, and to identify critical knowledge gaps and directions for future research. Knowledge about the significance of D- versus L-enantiomers of carbohydrates in soils is rare. Determining the mechanism of genetic regulation of D- and L-carbohydrate metabolism in plants with respect to pathogen and pest control and ecosystem interactions represent the knowledge gaps and a direction for future research.
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FOLHARINI ZF, ORLANDI CR, MARTINI MC, BRUXEL F, ALTMAYER T, BRIETZKE DT, GONÇALVES TE, FINATTO J, ETHUR EM, MOURA NFD, HOEHNE L, FREITAS EMD. Nutritional characterization of Vasconcellea quercifolia A.St-Hil.: potential for the development of functional food. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.18018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Sá CA, Vieira LR, Pereira Almeida Filho LC, Real-Guerra R, Lopes FC, Souza TM, Vasconcelos IM, Staniscuaski F, Carlini CR, Urano Carvalho AF, Farias DF. Risk assessment of the antifungal and insecticidal peptide Jaburetox and its parental protein the Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) urease. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:110977. [PMID: 31759068 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Jaburetox (JBTX) is an insecticidal and antifungal peptide derived from jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) urease that has been considered a candidate for developing genetically modified crops. This study aimed to perform the risk assessment of the peptide JBTX following the general recommendations of the two-tiered, weight-of-evidence approach proposed by International Life Sciences Institute. The urease of C. ensiformis (JBU) and its isoform JBURE IIb (the JBTX parental protein) were assessed. The history of safe use revealed no hazard reports for the studied proteins. The available information shows that JBTX possesses selective activity against insects and fungi. JBTX and JBU primary amino acids sequences showed no relevant similarity to toxic, antinutritional or allergenic proteins. Additionally, JBTX and JBU were susceptible to in vitro digestibility, and JBU was also susceptible to heat treatment. The results did not identify potential risks of adverse effects and reactions associated to JBTX. However, further allergen (e.g. serum IgE binding test) and toxicity (e.g. rodent toxicity tests) experimentation can be done to gather additional safety information on JBTX, and to meet regulatory inquiries for commercial approval of transgenic cultivars expressing this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayenne Alves Sá
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Rogério Vieira
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Real-Guerra
- Center for Coastal, Limnological and Marine Studies (CECLIMAR), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 95625-000, Imbé, RS, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 95625-000, Tramandaí, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cortez Lopes
- Center of Biotechnology and Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Building 43431, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Terezinha Maria Souza
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229 ER, the Netherlands
| | - Ilka Maria Vasconcelos
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Staniscuaski
- Center of Biotechnology and Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Building 43431, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Building 43431, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Célia Regina Carlini
- Center of Biotechnology and Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Building 43431, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Brain Institute (Instituto do Cérebro-INSCER), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga 6690, Building 63, CEP 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Fontenele Urano Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Davi Felipe Farias
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Ceará, 60440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Laboratory for Risk Assesment of Novel Technologies - LabRisk, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Brazil.
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Supriya P, Sridhar KR. Impact of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Bioactive Principles of Seeds of Coastal Sand Dune Wild Legumes ( Canavalia spp.). Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric 2019; 10:57-61. [PMID: 29984666 DOI: 10.2174/2212798410666180709144200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent patents reveal that vegetable ingredients have several applications in novel food formulations. Many so-called antinutritional components (e.g. tannins, saponins, lectins and protease inhibitors) have nutraceutical as well as pharmaceutical significance. Seeds of two wild legumes of the genus Canavalia inhabitants of the coastal sand dunes of Southwest India are known for a variety of bioactive principles (e.g. phenolics, tannins, canavanine, concanavalin and phytohemagglutinins). OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the impact of Electron Beam (EB) irradiation on the bioactive components of seeds of two coastal sand dune wild legumes Canavalia cathartica and C. maritima. METHODS The dry seeds of C. cathartica and C. maritima were EB irradiated with different doses (2.5, 5, 10 and 15 kGy) to follow changes in six bioactive principles (total phenolics, orthodihydric phenols, tannins, canavanine, trypsin inhibitors and phytohemagglutinins) in comparison to control seeds. One-way ANOVA was employed to follow the variation in bioactive components of seeds in control and different doses of irradiation. RESULTS Seeds of both legumes were devoid of orthodihydric phenols and trypsin inhibitors. In C. cathartica, the total phenolics showed significant dose-dependent increase up to 5 kGy and decreased thereafter. Tannin content was not altered up to 10 kGy followed by significant decrease at 15 kGy. There was no significant change in canavanine content and the phytohemagglutinin activity against human erythrocytes was not altered. Seeds of C. maritima did not show significant changes in total phenolics as well as tannin contents. The content of canavanine showed significant dose-dependent increase up to 5 kGy followed by significant decrease. There was no variation in phytohemagglutinin activity against erythrocytes A, B and O, while against AB, the activity decreased at 2.5 kGy and further decrease was constant at higher doses. CONCLUSION The EB irradiation doses employed have selectively altered the bioactive principles of Canavalia seeds and such treatments may facilitate to maneuver desired medicinal, nutritional, functional and cooking properties. Besides selective changes in bioactive components the seeds have extended shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhavathi Supriya
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India
| | - Kandikere R Sridhar
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India
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17
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Une S, Nonaka K, Akiyama J. Lectin Isolated from Japanese Red Sword Beans (Canavalia gladiata) as a Potential Cancer Chemopreventive Agent. J Food Sci 2018; 83:837-843. [PMID: 29437230 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the chemical and biological profile of lectin isolated from Japanese red sword beans (Canavalia gladiata; RSBs). RSB lectin was purified using maltamyl-Sepharose 4B and subjected to amino acid composition and partial amino acid sequencing analyses, and evaluated for blood and carbohydrate specificity, mitogenic activity, splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity, and its effect on B16 melanoma cell proliferation, compared with Concanavalin A (Con A). The amino acid composition and sequences of RSB lectin were similar to those of Con A. RSB lectin showed specificity to mannose, glucose, maltose, methyl-D-mannoside, and thyroglobulin, but not rhamnose, using mouse, sheep, and rabbit erythrocytes. Compared with Con A, RSB lectin showed low resistance to proteases and to temperatures greater than 70 °C, but high mitogenic activity for mouse splenic cells. Notably, while treatment with RSB lectin and Con A (0.01 and 0.1 μg/mL) promoted similar levels of splenic NK cell activity, which were higher than that observed in the control (0 μg/mL) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) (25 U)-treated populations, RBS lectin exerted a significantly stronger anti-proliferative effect than Con A at a concentration of 125.0 μg per well. Overall, our results show that RSB lectin might exert immunological effects on mouse splenic cells and could thus be used as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Japanese red sword bean (RSB) is a tropical perennial legume consumed in many Asian countries. RSB lectin shows specificity to mannose, glucose, maltose, methyl-d-mannoside, and thyroglobulin, but not to rhamnose, using mouse, sheep, and rabbit erythrocytes. RSB lectin exhibits similarities to Concanavalin A in amino acid composition and sequence, shows mitogenic activity for mouse splenic cells and strong anti-proliferative activity for B16 melanoma cells, and also enhances the activity of splenic natural killer (NK) cells against YAC-1 cells. Thus, RSB lectin has the potential to be used as a bioactive protein in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satsuki Une
- the Department of Living Science, Shujitsu Junior Coll., 1-6-1 Nishigawara Okayama, Okayama 703-8516, Japan
| | - Koji Nonaka
- the Department of Physical Therapy, Kyoto Tachibana Univ., 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8175, Japan
| | - Junich Akiyama
- the Department of Physical Therapy, Kibi International Univ., 8 Iga-cho Takahasi, Okayama, 716-0018, Japan
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18
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ESSACK H, ODHAV B, MELLEM JJ. Screening of traditional South African leafy vegetables for specific anti-nutritional factors before and after processing. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.20416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Protein isolates prepared by alkaline solubilization followed by isoelectric precipitation and freeze-drying from six varieties of Lupinus angustifolius (Haags Blaue, Sonate, Probor, Borlu, Boregine, and Boruta) grown in Mexico were evaluated for functional properties: nitrogen solubility, water-holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC), emulsion activity index (EAI), emulsion stability index (ESI), foaming capacity (FC), foam stability (FS), and gelling minimum concentration (GMC). The nitrogen solubility values, WHC, OHC, and FC did not show significant differences between the protein isolates. The solubility of the isolates was minimal at pH of 4.0 and 5.0 while the regions of maximum solubility were found at pH of 2.0 and 10.0. There were significant differences in EAI and ESI depending on the varieties used. The isolates of the Boregine and Borlu varieties showed the highest EAI with 29.3 and 28.3 m2 g−1, respectively, while the lowest index was recorded in the isolate obtained from the Sonate variety (24.6 m2 g−1). Like solubility, these indices also increased at both extremes of pH evaluated; both properties were minimal in the isoelectric pH range (4.0 to 5.0).
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20
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Megías C, Cortés-Giraldo I, Giron-Calle J, Alaiz M, Vioque J. Free amino acids, including canavanine, in the seeds from 32 Vicia species belonging to subgenus Vicilla. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Une S, Nonaka K, Akiyama J. Effects of Hull Scratching, Soaking, and Boiling on Antinutrients in Japanese Red Sword Bean (Canavalia gladiata
). J Food Sci 2016; 81:C2398-C2404. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satsuki Une
- Shujitsu Junior College; 1-6-1 Nishigawara Okayama Okayama 703-8516 Japan
| | - Koji Nonaka
- Osaka Prefecture Univ; 6-7-30 Habikino Osaka 583-8553 Japan
| | - Junich Akiyama
- Kibi Intl. Univ; 8 Iga-cho Takahasi Okayama 716-0018 Japan
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22
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Carlini CR, Ligabue-Braun R. Ureases as multifunctional toxic proteins: A review. Toxicon 2015; 110:90-109. [PMID: 26690979 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ureases are metalloenzymes that hydrolyze urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. They were the first enzymes to be crystallized and, with them, the notion that enzymes are proteins became accepted. Novel toxic properties of ureases that are independent of their enzyme activity have been discovered in the last three decades. Since our first description of the neurotoxic properties of canatoxin, an isoform of the jack bean urease, which appeared in Toxicon in 1981, about one hundred articles have been published on "new" properties of plant and microbial ureases. Here we review the present knowledge on the non-enzymatic properties of ureases. Plant ureases and microbial ureases are fungitoxic to filamentous fungi and yeasts by a mechanism involving fungal membrane permeabilization. Plant and at least some bacterial ureases have potent insecticidal effects. This entomotoxicity relies partly on an internal peptide released upon proteolysis of ingested urease by insect digestive enzymes. The intact protein and its derived peptide(s) are neurotoxic to insects and affect a number of other physiological functions, such as diuresis, muscle contraction and immunity. In mammal models some ureases are acutely neurotoxic upon injection, at least partially by enzyme-independent effects. For a long time bacterial ureases have been recognized as important virulence factors of diseases by urease-producing microorganisms. Ureases activate exocytosis in different mammalian cells recruiting eicosanoids and Ca(2+)-dependent pathways, even when their ureolytic activity is blocked by an irreversible inhibitor. Ureases are chemotactic factors recognized by neutrophils (and some bacteria), activating them and also platelets into a pro-inflammatory "status". Secretion-induction by ureases may play a role in fungal and bacterial diseases in humans and other animals. The now recognized "moonlighting" properties of these proteins have renewed interest in ureases for their biotechnological potential to improve plant defense against pests and as potential targets to ameliorate diseases due to pathogenic urease-producing microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia R Carlini
- Brain Institute (Instituto do Cérebro-INSCER), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun
- Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Liu MQ, Ding MM, Chen LJ, Ouyang KX, Hui WK, Li JC, Chen XY. Genetic diversity and relationships among Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. Accessions as revealed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Niveditha VR, Sridhar KR. Antioxidant activity of raw, cooked and Rhizopus oligosporus fermented beans of Canavalia of coastal sand dunes of Southwest India. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014; 51:3253-60. [PMID: 26396318 PMCID: PMC4571225 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The raw and processed (cooked and cooked + solid-state fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus) split beans of two landraces of coastal sand dune wild legumes (Canavalia cathartica and Canavalia maritima) of the southwest coast of India were examined for bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins and vitamin C) and antioxidant potential (total antioxidant activity, ferrous-ion chelating capacity, DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and reducing activity). One-way ANOVA revealed significant elevation of bioactive compounds as well as antioxidant activities in fermented beans compared to raw and cooked beans in both legumes (p < 0.001). The EC50 values in fermented beans of both legumes were significantly lowest compared to raw and cooked beans (p < 0.001). In principal component analysis, total phenolics along with antioxidant activities (total antioxidant, ferrous-ion chelating and free radical-scavenging activities) of fermented beans of C. cathartica, while total antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities of fermented beans of C. maritima were clustered. The present study demonstrated that split beans of coastal sand dune Canavalia fermented by R. oligosporus endowed with high bioactive principles as well as antioxidant potential and thus serve as future nutraceutical source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedavyas R. Niveditha
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore, 574 199 Karnataka India
| | - Kandikere R. Sridhar
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore, 574 199 Karnataka India
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25
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Fungal decontamination and enhancement of shelf life of edible split beans of wild legume Canavalia maritima by the electron beam irradiation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sprawka I, Goławska S, Parzych T, Goławski A, Czerniewicz P, Sytykiewicz H. Mechanism of entomotoxicity of the Concanavalin A in Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2014; 14:ieu094. [PMID: 25525100 PMCID: PMC5634058 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity effect of Concanavalin A (Canavalia ensiformis lectin, ConA) to bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), was investigated in the laboratory by using artificial diets containing ConA concentrations. Bird cherry-oat aphid performance was affected by the presence of Con A in artificial diets. The lectin added into the liquid diet increased the prereproductive period, mortality, and the average time of generation development (T) and decreased fecundity and the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm). In attempt to unravel the mode of action of ConA, the interaction of the lectin with insect gut and the effect of ConA on feeding behavior were investigated. Extract of gut of treated grain aphid demonstrated DNA fragmentation, and this was accompanied with an increase in caspase 3 activity. Moreover, addition of ConA to the sucrose-agarose gels reduced salivation and passive ingestion of fluids from the gel. The results indicate that the insecticidal activity of ConA on R. padi may involve effects on death of the gut epithelial cells and effects on feeding behavior. This can be employed to create plants that are resistant to aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sprawka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Sylwia Goławska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Tina Parzych
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Artur Goławski
- Department of Zoology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Paweł Czerniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Hubert Sytykiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, ul. Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
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Acevedo BA, Avanza MV, Cháves MG, Ronda F. Gelation, thermal and pasting properties of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.), dolichos bean (Dolichos lablab L.) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) flours. J FOOD ENG 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Aguilera Y, Díaz MF, Jiménez T, Benítez V, Herrera T, Cuadrado C, Martín-Pedrosa M, Martín-Cabrejas MA. Changes in nonnutritional factors and antioxidant activity during germination of nonconventional legumes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8120-8125. [PMID: 23909570 DOI: 10.1021/jf4022652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the effects of germination on nonnutritional factors and antioxidant activity in the nonconventional legumes Vigna unguiculata (cowpea), Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean), Lablab purpureus (dolichos), and Stizolobium niveum (mucuna). Protease inhibitors and lectins were detected in raw legumes and were significantly decreased during the germination. Regarding total and individual inositol phosphates (IP5-IP3), important reductions of IP6 and high increases in the rest of inositol phosphates were also detected during this process. In addition, total phenols, catechins, and proanthocyanidins increased, accompanied by an overall rise of antioxidant activity (79.6 μmol of Trolox/g of DW in the case of mucuna). Germination has been shown to be a very effective process to reduce nonnutritional factors and increase bioactive phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of these nonconventional legumes. For this reason, they could be used as ingredients to obtain high-value legume flours for food formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Aguilera
- Instituto de Investigación de Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Profiles of lipid components, fatty acid distributions of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in Jack beans (Canavalia gladiata DC.). Food Chem 2013; 136:807-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Benítez V, Cantera S, Aguilera Y, Mollá E, Esteban RM, Díaz MF, Martín-Cabrejas MA. Impact of germination on starch, dietary fiber and physicochemical properties in non-conventional legumes. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vadivel V, Cheong J, Biesalski H. Antioxidant and type II diabetes related enzyme inhibition properties of methanolic extract of an underutilized food legume, Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC: Effect of traditional processing methods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sasipriya G, Siddhuraju P. Effect of different processing methods on antioxidant activity of underutilized legumes, Entada scandens seed kernel and Canavalia gladiata seeds. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2864-72. [PMID: 22683485 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study is proposed to determine the antioxidant activity of raw and processed samples of underutilized legumes, Entada scandens seed kernel and Canavalia gladiata seeds. The indigenous processing methods like dry heating, autoclaving and soaking followed by autoclaving in different solutions (plain water, ash, sugar and sodium bicarbonate) were adopted to seed samples. All other processing methods than dry heat showed significant reduction in phenolics (2.9-63%), tannins (26-100%) and flavonoids (14-67%). However, in processed samples of E. scandens, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching inhibition activity were increased, whereas, 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS·(+)), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal chelating and superoxide anion scavenging activity were similar to unprocessed ones. In contrary, except dry heating in C. gladiata, all other processing methods significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH·) (20-35%), ABTS·(+) (22-75%), FRAP (34-74%), metal chelating (30-41%), superoxide anion radical scavenging (8-80%), hydroxyl radical scavenging (20-40%) and β-carotene bleaching inhibition activity (15-69%). In addition, the sample extracts of raw and dry heated samples protected DNA damage at 10 μg. All processing methods in E. scandens and dry heating in C. gladiata would be a suitable method for adopting in domestic or industrial processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalakrishnan Sasipriya
- Bioresource Technology Lab, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamilnadu, India
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Yoshida H, Yoshida N, Tomiyama-Sakamoto Y, Mizushina Y. Characteristic distributions of fatty acids in different lipids from Jack beans (Canavalia gladiataDC.). EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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YOSHIDA H, YOSHIDA N, TOMIYAMA-SAKAMOTO Y, MIZUSHINA Y. Characteristics of Lipid Components and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Jack Bean (Canavalia gladiata DC.). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.18.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Preliminary assessment of the nutritional composition of underexploited wild legumes from semi-arid Caatinga and moist forest environments of northeastern Brazil. J Food Compost Anal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Gabriel R, Akinyosoye F, Adetuyi F. Nutritional Composition of Canavalia ensiformis (L.) (Jack Beans) as Affected by the use of Mould Starter Cultures for Fermentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/tasr.2011.463.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Colling J, Stander MA, Makunga NP. Nitrogen supply and abiotic stress influence canavanine synthesis and the productivity of in vitro regenerated Sutherlandia frutescens microshoots. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 167:1521-1524. [PMID: 20674074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2010.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stresses can significantly alter the synthesis of both primary and secondary metabolites, resulting in medicinal plants with unpredictable biological activity. Here, in vitro shoot cultures of the medicinal plant Sutherlandia frutescens were used to study the impact of three abiotic stresses (nitrogen availability, drought and salinity), primarily on l-canavanine synthesis. This compound, a non-protein amino acid, is amongst those metabolites linked to the health benefits of Sutherlandia extracts. Nitrogen supplied to microplants positively correlated with canavanine levels, exhibited by a fourfold reduction when nitrates provided were halved. Although the biomass generated was lowered under these conditions, a higher capacity for rooting (52%) in comparison to the controls (37%) became evident. Only a small increase of the canavanine content in microplants growing on 100mM NaCl medium was detected, indicating that salinity stress was not a major limitation on cavanine production, but that it played more of a role in vitro on plantlet morphogenesis. Similarly, PEG as a supplement had little to no effect on canavanine synthesis. We conclude that a deeper understanding of the nutritional requirements for the agricultural crop management of S. frutescens, which serves the herbal products industry, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Colling
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
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Supriya P, Sridhar KR, Nareshkumar S, Ganesh S. Impact of Electron Beam Irradiation on Fatty Acid Profile of Canavalia Seeds. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-010-0420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Akingbade A, Sodeinde F, Olaniyi C, Oyetayo T, Fadare O, Rabiu A. Proximate and Mineral Elements Composition of Water Soaked Carnavalia ensiformis Seeds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2009.1401.1403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Rocha-Guzman NE, Gallegos-Infante JA, Gonzalez-Laredo RF, Bello-Perez A, Delgado-Licon E, Ochoa-Martinez A, Prado-Ortiz MJ. Physical properties of extruded products from three Mexican common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2008; 63:99-104. [PMID: 18546074 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-008-0076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2007] [Accepted: 04/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The physical properties of extruded products from three Mexican common bean cultivars were investigated. Common bean cultivars Flor de Mayo, Pinto Villa and Bayo Victoria from the same harvesting season (2006) were used in this work. Beans were milled and the flour was hydrated to 24, 26 and 28 g of water/100 g of dry weight. Two temperatures, 130 degrees C and 165 degrees C at the end of the extruder barrel without die, were experimented. Common bean flour extrudates were evaluated for water absorption index (WAI), water absorption capacity (WAC), oil absorption capacity (OAC), and emulsifying capacity (EC). Flor de Mayo extrudates showed the highest WAC and WAI values. Thus starch from Flor de Mayo beans showed minor restricted water availability. In all cases, the OAC of extruded products was lower than the crude bean flour. The EC for Bayo Victoria flour increased as a consequence of the extrusion process. The EC for Flor de Mayo was higher at lower temperature and lower moisture content than Pinto Villa and Bayo Victoria beans. EC behavior of Pinto Villa was similar to Bayo cultivar. These results indicate that it is possible to produce new extruded products with good physical properties from these common bean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Rocha-Guzman
- Departamento de Ings. Quimica y Bioquímica, Instituto Tecnologico de Durango, Blvd. Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., Durango, Dgo., Mexico
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Bhat R, Sridhar KR, Young CC, Bhagwath AA, Ganesh S. Composition and functional properties of raw and electron beam-irradiatedMucuna pruriensseeds. Int J Food Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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