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Elkhedir AE, Abker AM, Elsadig M, Mohammed JK, Xu X. Identification, structure elucidation, and isomer differentiation of phenolic compounds of Chinese pepper cultivars by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS and their antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2024; 59:e5033. [PMID: 38726726 DOI: 10.1002/jms.5033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
A total of 43 compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, and diterpene, were identified and characterized using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS coupled with UNIFI software. The identified flavonoids were mostly isomers of luteolin, apigenin, and quercetin, which were elucidated and distinguished for the first time in pepper cultivars. The use of multivariate data analytics for sample discrimination revealed that luteolin derivatives played the most important role in differentiating pepper cultivars. The content of phenolic acids and flavonoids in immature green peppers was generally higher than that of mature red peppers. The pepper extracts possessed significant antioxidant activities, and the antioxidant activities correlated well with phenolic contents and their molecular structure. In conclusion, the findings expand our understanding of the phytochemical components of the Chinese pepper genotype at two maturity stages. Moreover, a UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS in negative ionization mode rapid methods for characterization and isomers differentiation was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeen E Elkhedir
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Food Research Institute, Industrial Research and Consultancy Centre (IRCC), Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Adil M Abker
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Food Research Institute, Industrial Research and Consultancy Centre (IRCC), Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohamed Elsadig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Xiaoyun Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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2
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De Aguiar AC, Viganó J, da Silva Anthero AG, Dias ALB, Hubinger MD, Martínez J. Supercritical fluids and fluid mixtures to obtain high-value compounds from Capsicum peppers. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100228. [PMID: 35128385 PMCID: PMC8808056 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Peppers of the Capsicum genus have a rich nutritional composition and are widely consumed worldwide. Thus, they find numerous applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. One commercial application is oleoresin production, a nonpolar fraction rich in bioactive compounds, including capsaicinoids and carotenoids. Among the technologies for pepper processing, special attention is given to supercritical fluid technologies, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with pure solvents and CO2 plus modifiers, and SFE assisted by ultrasound. Supercritical fluid-based processes present advantages over the classical extraction techniques like using less solvents, short extraction times, specificity and scalability. In this review, we present a brief overview of the nutritional aspects of peppers, followed by studies that apply supercritical fluid technologies to produce extracts and concentrate bioactives, besides oleoresin encapsulation. Furthermore, we present related phase equilibrium, cost estimation, and the gaps and needs for the full use of peppers from a sustainable perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina De Aguiar
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Gabriela da Silva Anthero
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arthur Luiz Baião Dias
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Miriam Dupas Hubinger
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Julian Martínez
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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3
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Identification of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Leaf Extract of Pepper ( Capsicum spp.) through Metabolomic Analysis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100649. [PMID: 34677364 PMCID: PMC8538662 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics and in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activities of pepper leaves were used to identify bioactive compounds and select genotypes for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Targeted metabolite analysis using UPLC-DAD-QToF-MS was employed and identified compounds that belong to flavone and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives from extracts of pepper leaves. A total of 21 metabolites were detected from 155 samples and identified based on MS fragmentations, retention time, UV absorbance, and previous reports. Apigenin-O-(malonyl) hexoside, luteolin-O-(malonyl) hexoside, and chrysoeriol-O-(malonyl) hexoside were identified for the first time from pepper leaves. Pepper genotypes showed a huge variation in their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme(AGE) ranging from 17% to 79%. Genotype GP38 with inhibitory activity of 79% was found to be more potent than the positive control acarbose (70.8%.). Orthogonal partial least square (OPLS) analyses were conducted for the prediction of the AGI activities of pepper leaves based on their metabolite composition. Compounds that contributed the most to the bioactivity prediction model (VIP >1.5), showed a strong inhibitory potency. Caffeoyl-putrescine was found to show a stronger inhibitory potency (IC50 = 145 µM) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 197 µM). The chemometric procedure combined with high-throughput AGI screening was effective in selecting polyphenols of pepper leaf for T2DM management.
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4
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Herrera-Pool E, Ramos-Díaz AL, Lizardi-Jiménez MA, Pech-Cohuo S, Ayora-Talavera T, Cuevas-Bernardino JC, García-Cruz U, Pacheco N. Effect of solvent polarity on the Ultrasound Assisted extraction and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from habanero pepper leaves (Capsicum chinense) and its identification by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105658. [PMID: 34242865 PMCID: PMC8273200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites involved in plant adaptation processes. The development of extraction procedures, quantification, and identification of this compounds in habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense) leaves can provide information about their accumulation and possible biological function. The main objective of this work was to study the effect of the UAE method and the polarity of different extraction solvents on the recovery of phenolic compounds from C. chinense leaves. Quantification of the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA) by ABTS+ and DPPH radical inhibition methods, and the relation between the dielectric constant (ε) as polarity parameter of the solvents and TPC using Weibull and Gaussian distribution models was analyzed. The major phenolic compounds in C. chinense leaves extracts were identified and quantified by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. The highest recovery of TPC (24.39 ± 2.41 mg GAE g-1 dry wt) was obtained using MeOH (50%) by UAE method. Correlations between TPC and AA of 0.89 and 0.91 were found for both radical inhibition methods (ABTS+ and DPPH). The Weibull and Gaussian models showed high regression values (0.93 to 0.95) suggesting that the highest phenolic compounds recovery is obtained using solvents with "ε" values between 35 and 52 by UAE. The major compounds were identified as N-caffeoyl putrescine, apigenin, luteolin and diosmetin derivatives. The models presented are proposed as a useful tool to predict the appropriate solvent composition for the extraction of phenolic compounds from C. chinense leaves by UAE based on the "ε" of the solvents for future metabolomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Herrera-Pool
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Unidad Sureste. Tablaje Catastral 31264 Km 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, CP 97302, Mexico
| | - Ana Luisa Ramos-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Unidad Sureste. Tablaje Catastral 31264 Km 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, CP 97302, Mexico
| | | | - Soledad Pech-Cohuo
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Unidad Sureste. Tablaje Catastral 31264 Km 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, CP 97302, Mexico
| | - Teresa Ayora-Talavera
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Unidad Sureste. Tablaje Catastral 31264 Km 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, CP 97302, Mexico
| | - Juan C Cuevas-Bernardino
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Unidad Sureste, Tablaje Catastral 31264 Km 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto. Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, CP 97302, Mexico
| | - Ulises García-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-Mérida), Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Neith Pacheco
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Unidad Sureste. Tablaje Catastral 31264 Km 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, CP 97302, Mexico.
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5
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Giacomin RM, Ruas CDF, Baba VY, De Godoy SM, Sudré CP, Bento CDS, Da Cunha M, Da Costa Geronimo IG, Rodrigues R, Gonçalves LS. Phenotypic, molecular and pathogenic characterization of Colletotrichum scovillei infecting Capsicum species in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10782. [PMID: 33986974 PMCID: PMC8086587 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose is a disease caused by Colletotrichum spp., one of the world’s most damaging sweet and chili pepper pathogens, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In the state of Rio de Janeiro, anthracnose is one of the main obstacles for pepper crops. However, to date no research has focused on the identification and characterization of the pathogen, which is fundamental to understand the scope of the disease in the state. Thus, the correct identification of the fungal species and pathogenicity studies can provide important support for disease management and control, apart from identifying possible resistance sources for exploitation in peppers breeding programs. In this study, 11 Colletotrichum isolates were collected from peppers with typical symptoms in the Rio de Janeiro state. These isolates were characterized based on morpho-cultural characteristics and sequencing data from five regions (ITS, ACT, CAL, β-TUB and GAPDH), and the genetic variability was estimated by AFLP markers. Simultaneously, microscopy images of the colonization by the fungal species on unripe Capsicum annuum fruits were taken. Pathogenicity was tested and resistance sources were sought by means of infection of ripe and unripe fruits of 50 Capsicum baccatum accessions. The resulting data showed that all isolates belong to Colletotrichum scovillei specie. About the pathogenicity of Capsicum baccatum, differentiated, stage-specific responses, with higher resistance of ripe fruits were recorded. In addition, four possible sources of Colletotrichum scovillei resistance were detected among the tested accessions. The combination of these data can contribute to future studies on the interaction of Colletotrichum scovillei-Capsicum spp., a research line that is still unexploited in the main areas of this anthracnose fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Viviane Yumi Baba
- Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Pombo Sudré
- Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Dos Santos Bento
- Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maura Da Cunha
- Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Rodrigues
- Plant Breeding, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Sa Gonçalves
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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6
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Zhang D, Sun X, Battino M, Wei X, Shi J, Zhao L, Liu S, Xiao J, Shi B, Zou X. A comparative overview on chili pepper (capsicum genus) and sichuan pepper (zanthoxylum genus): From pungent spices to pharma-foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Economic evaluation of supercritical fluid and pressurized liquid extraction to obtain phytonutrients from biquinho pepper: Analysis of single and sequential-stage processes. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Osman SM, Ayoub NA, Hafez SA, Ibrahim HA, El Raey MA, El-Emam SZ, Seada AA, Saadeldeen AM. Aldose reductase inhibitor form Cassia glauca: A comparative study of cytotoxic activity with Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and molecular docking evaluation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240856. [PMID: 33064762 PMCID: PMC7567391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UPLC-MS/MS profiling of Cassia glauca leaves extract revealed the identification of 10 flavonoids. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-rutinoside was isolated and studied for its cytotoxic activity. It showed high cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 (IC50 of 4.6±0.038 μg/ml) and HepG-2 (IC50 of 8.2±0.024 μg/ml) cancer cell lines, compared to the leaves extracts, their Ag nanoparticles, and doxorubicin. Moreover, Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-rutinoside exerted a synergistic cytotoxic effect with doxorubicin on MCF-7 cell lines. It was discovered as kinases and aldose reductase inhibitor while rationalizing its cytotoxic activity through molecular docking study. Thus, it is expected that the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin can be also decreased by using Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-rutinoside due to its aldose reductase inhibitory effect. These findings suggested that Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-rutinoside could be used in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs to increase the sensitivity to their cytotoxic activity and protect against their side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir M. Osman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nahla A. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa A. Hafez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Haitham A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Soad Z. El-Emam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Seada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr M. Saadeldeen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
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9
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Sequential high-pressure extraction to obtain capsinoids and phenolic compounds from biquinho pepper (Capsicum chinense). J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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10
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García-López JI, Niño-Medina G, Olivares-Sáenz E, Lira-Saldivar RH, Barriga-Castro ED, Vázquez-Alvarado R, Rodríguez-Salinas PA, Zavala-García F. Foliar Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Zinc Sulfate Boosts the Content of Bioactive Compounds in Habanero Peppers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E254. [PMID: 31366005 PMCID: PMC6724079 DOI: 10.3390/plants8080254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The physiological responses of habanero pepper plants (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) to foliar applications of zinc sulphate and zinc nano-fertilizer were evaluated in greenhouse trials. The effect of the supplement on fruit quality of habanero pepper was particularly observed. Habanero pepper plants were grown to maturity, and during the main stages of phenological development, they were treated with foliar applications of Zn at concentrations of 1000 and 2000 mg L-1 in the form of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Additional Zn was not supplied to the control treatment plants. ZnO NPs at a concentration of 1000 mg L-1 positively affected plant height, stem diameter, and chlorophyll content, and increased fruit yield and biomass accumulation compared to control and ZnSO4 treatments. ZnO NPs at 2000 mg L-1 negatively affected plant growth but significantly increased fruit quality, capsaicin content by 19.3%, dihydrocapsaicin by 10.9%, and Scoville Heat Units by 16.4%. In addition, at 2000 ZnO NPs mg L-1 also increased content of total phenols and total flavonoids (soluble + bound) in fruits (14.50% and 26.9%, respectively), which resulted in higher antioxidant capacity in ABTS (2,2'azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) (15.4%, 31.8%, and 20.5%, respectively). These results indicate that application of ZnO NPs could be employed in habanero pepper production to improve yield, quality, and nutraceutical properties of fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué I García-López
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex-Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Niño-Medina
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex-Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - Emilio Olivares-Sáenz
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex-Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ricardo H Lira-Saldivar
- Departamento de Agroplasticultura, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), CP. 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Enrique Díaz Barriga-Castro
- Departamento de Agroplasticultura, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), CP. 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Rigoberto Vázquez-Alvarado
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex-Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Pablo A Rodríguez-Salinas
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex-Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Francisco Zavala-García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Laboratorio de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Agronomía, Francisco Villa S/N, Col. Ex-Hacienda el Canadá, C.P. 66050 General Escobedo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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11
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Ridzuan R, Rafii MY, Ismail SI, Mohammad Yusoff M, Miah G, Usman M. Breeding for Anthracnose Disease Resistance in Chili: Progress and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3122. [PMID: 30314374 PMCID: PMC6213496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chili anthracnose is one of the most devastating fungal diseases affecting the quality and yield production of chili. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge concerning the chili anthracnose disease, as well as to explore the use of marker-assisted breeding programs aimed at improving anthracnose disease resistance in this species. This disease is caused by the Colletotrichum species complex, and there have been ongoing screening methods of chili pepper genotypes with resistance to anthracnose in the field, as well as in laboratories. Conventional breeding involves phenotypic selection in the field, and it is more time-consuming compared to molecular breeding. The use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) on the basis of inheritance, the segregation ratio of resistance to susceptibility, and the gene-controlling resistance may contribute to the development of an improved chili variety and speed up the selection process, while also reducing genetic drag in the segregating population. More importantly, by using molecular markers, the linkage groups are determined dominantly and co-dominantly, meaning that the implementation of a reliable method to produce resistant varieties is crucial in future breeding programs. This updated information will offer a supportive direction for chili breeders to develop an anthracnose-resistant chili variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihana Ridzuan
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Y Rafii
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Martini Mohammad Yusoff
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Gous Miah
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Magaji Usman
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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12
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Choi JY, Desta KT, Lee SJ, Kim YH, Shin SC, Kim GS, Lee SJ, Shim JH, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Abd El-Aty AM. LC-MS/MS profiling of polyphenol-enriched leaf, stem and root extracts of Korean Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc and determination of their antioxidant effects. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4171. [PMID: 29240230 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols from ethyl acetate extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of Korean Humulus japonicus were comprehensively profiled using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 36 polyphenols were detected, of which 26 were structurally characterized based on their [M - H]- peak, tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation pattern, UV-vis absorption and published data. Validation data provided satisfactory results for the evaluated parameters. The determination coefficients were ≥0.9812. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.017-0.573 and 0.056-1.834 mg/L, respectively, indicating good performance limits. The accuracy (expressed as percentage recovery) at 50 and 100 mg/L was 71.4-99.7 and 75.1-105.1%, with precisions (expressed as relative standard deviation) of 1.5-7.3 and 0.8-4.1%, respectively, indicating acceptable accuracy and precision values. The leaves were rich in total polyphenols (3089.9 ± 6.4 mg/kg of fresh sample) followed by the stems (1313.9 ± 6.4 mg/kg of fresh sample) and roots (655.2 ± 2.7 mg/kg of fresh sample). Antioxidant activity, determined by α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, revealed the lowest EC50 value for the leaf extracts, indicating a higher scavenging activity in this tissue followed by the roots and stems. Overall, the results indicated that H. japonicus is rich in polyphenols and could be a potential alternative to Humulus lupulus (hop plant) in the brewery industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kebede Taye Desta
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmet Hacımüftüoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Kim TJ, Choi J, Kim KW, Ahn SK, Ha SH, Choi Y, Park NI, Kim JK. Metabolite Profiling of Peppers of Various Colors Reveals Relationships Between Tocopherol, Carotenoid, and Phytosterol Content. J Food Sci 2017; 82:2885-2893. [PMID: 29125620 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peppers are widely consumed in Korea; the varietal development of peppers with increased content of beneficial plant metabolites is, therefore, of considerable interest. This requires a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic profile of pepper plants and the factors affecting this profile. To this end, we determined the content of various metabolites, such as hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and capsaicinoids in peppers of various colors (green, red, pale green, and violet peppers) and in a high-pungency (green) pepper. We also performed principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) to determine the relationships among these metabolites in peppers. PCA results indicated no significant variances among the 3 sample replicates. The HCA showed correlations between the metabolites resulting from common or closely linked biosynthesis pathways. Our results showed that carotenoids correlated positively with tocopherols and negatively with phytosterols; our findings also indicated a close relationship between the methylerythritol 4-phosphate and mevalonic acid biosynthesis pathways, providing evidence in favor of an earlier hypothesis regarding crosstalk across the chloroplast membrane. We, thus, demonstrate that metabolic profiling combined with multivariate analysis is a useful tool for analyzing metabolic networks. PRACTICAL APPLICATION A total of 71 metabolites were measured in 5 peppers of different colors. The metabolic profiling with multivariate analysis revealed that tocopherol content had a positive correlation with the carotenoid content and a negative correlation with the phytosterol content. The results of this study may help in breeding programs to produce new germplasm with enhanced nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Kim
- Div. of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon Natl. Univ., Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyuk Choi
- Div. of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon Natl. Univ., Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Won Kim
- Div. of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon Natl. Univ., Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Kil Ahn
- Div. of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon Natl. Univ., Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Ha
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Inst., Kyung Hee Univ., Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Choi
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Inst. of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Il Park
- Dept. of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju Natl. Univ., 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Div. of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon Natl. Univ., Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Choi JY, Desta KT, Saralamma VVG, Lee SJ, Lee SJ, Kim SM, Paramanantham A, Lee HJ, Kim YH, Shin HC, Shim JH, Warda M, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Jeong JH, Shin SC, Kim GS, Abd El-Aty AM. LC-MS/MS characterization, anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant activities of polyphenols from different tissues of Korean Petasites japonicus (Meowi). Biomed Chromatogr 2017. [PMID: 28623844 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Korean Petasites japonicus is a perennial plant used in folk medicine as a remedy for many diseases and popularly consumed as spring greens. Ten polyphenols were characterized from the leaves, stems and roots of this plant via high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Individual polyphenols were quantified for the first time using calibration curves of six structurally related external standards. Validation data indicated that coefficients of determinations (R2 ) were ≥0.9702 for all standards. Recoveries measured at 50 and 100 mg/L were 80.0-91.9 and 80.3-105.3%, respectively. Precisions at these two concentration levels were 0.7-6.1 and 1.1-5.5%, respectively. The total number of identified components was largest for the leaves and smallest for the stems. The leaf and root polyphenolic extracts showed anti-inflammatory effects by inducing LPS-activated COX-2 and iNOS protein levels in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The antioxidant capacity of the polyphenols, when evaluated for DPPH (α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl)ˑ , ABTS+ [2-2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] and superoxide radical scavenging activities, and in ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assays, was highest in the leaf and lowest in the stem. This trend suggests that the antioxidant capacities depend primarily on polyphenol concentration in each tissue. The current findings suggest that polyphenols derived from P. japonicas tissues could have potential as functional health foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kebede Taye Desta
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Venu Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma
- Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Anjugam Paramanantham
- Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Lee
- Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmet Hacımüftüoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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15
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Flavone polyphenols dominate in Thymus schimperi Ronniger : LC–ESI–MS/MS characterization and study of anti-proliferative effects of plant extract on AGS and HepG2 cancer cells. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.035 pmid: 28411462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Desta KT, Kim GS, El-Aty AA, Raha S, Kim MB, Jeong JH, Warda M, Hacımüftüoğlu A, Shin HC, Shim JH, Shin SC. Flavone polyphenols dominate in Thymus schimperi Ronniger : LC–ESI–MS/MS characterization and study of anti-proliferative effects of plant extract on AGS and HepG2 cancer cells. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1053:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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PADILHA HKM, PEREIRA EDS, MUNHOZ PC, VIZZOTTO M, VALGAS RA, BARBIERI RL. Genetic variability for synthesis of bioactive compounds in peppers (Capsicum annuum) from Brazil. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.6740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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18
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Song Y, Desta KT, Kim GS, Lee SJ, Lee WS, Kim YH, Jin JS, Abd El-Aty AM, Shin HC, Shim JH, Shin SC. Polyphenolic profile and antioxidant effects of various parts of Artemisia annua L. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:588-95. [PMID: 26285146 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An annual Korean weed, Artemisia annua L., has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of a number of diseases. Remarkably, among the 32 polyphenols characterized in various parts of plant tissue, including flowers, leafs, stems and roots, 10 compounds were detected for the first time using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The quantification method was validated using structurally related external standards with determination coefficients (R(2) ) ≥0.9995. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.068-3.932 and 0.226-13.108 mg/L, respectively. The recoveries estimated at 50 and 100 mg/L ranged between 60.6-92.2 and 61.3-111%, respectively, with relative standard deviations <12%. The roots contained the largest concentration of identified components, while the flowers contained the least. The antioxidant capacity evaluated in terms of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation-scavenging activities and reducing power was highest in the roots and lowest in the flowers. The findings are well correlated and suggest that the antioxidant capacities principally depend upon the polyphenol concentrations in each part of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Song
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kebede Taye Desta
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Jin
- Division of High Technology Materials Research, Busan Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Busan, 618-230, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, 500-757, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Republic of Korea
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19
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Desta KT, Kim GS, Kim YH, Lee WS, Lee SJ, Jin JS, Abd El-Aty AM, Shin HC, Shim JH, Shin SC. The polyphenolic profiles and antioxidant effects ofAgastache rugosaKuntze (Banga) flower, leaf, stem and root. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:225-31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kebede Taye Desta
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Gon-Sup Kim
- Research Institute of Life Sciences and College of Veterinary Medicine; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-702 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Jin
- Division of High Technology Research, Busan Center; Korea Basic Science Institute; Busan 618-230 Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu Seoul 143-701 Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; 12211 Giza Egypt
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University; 1 Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu Seoul 143-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Biotechnology Research Institute; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu 500-757 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Sciences; Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
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20
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Mokhtar M, Soukup J, Donato P, Cacciola F, Dugo P, Riazi A, Jandera P, Mondello L. Determination of the polyphenolic content of a Capsicum annuum L. extract by liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array and mass spectrometry detection and evaluation of its biological activity. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:171-8. [PMID: 25378270 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the polyphenolic profile of a pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) extract from Algeria and evaluate its biological activity. The total polyphenol content of the extract was determined as 1.373 mg of gallic acid equivalents (±0.0046), whereas the flavonoids were determined as 0.098 mg of quercetin (±0.0015). The determination of the complete polyphenolic profile of the extract was achieved by liquid chromatography with an RP-amide column in combination with photodiode array and mass spectrometry detection through an electrospray ionization interface. A total of 18 compounds were identified, of which five were reported for the first time in the sample tested. Quercetin rhamnoside was the most abundant compound (82.6 μg/g of fresh pepper) followed by quercetin glucoside (19.86 μg/g). The antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effects were also determined. For the antimicrobial tests assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, kaempferol showed the strongest inhibitory effect followed by quercetin and caffeic acids. In the study of the cytotoxicity of the extract, the cancer cells (U937) were more affected than the normal cells (peripheral blood mononucleated cells), with more than 62% inhibition at the highest concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Mokhtar
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Messina, Italy; Laboratory of Beneficial Microorganisms, Functional Food and Health (LMBAFS), Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem, Algeria
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21
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Dáder B, Gwynn-Jones D, Moreno A, Winters A, Fereres A. Impact of UV-A radiation on the performance of aphids and whiteflies and on the leaf chemistry of their host plants. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 138:307-16. [PMID: 25022465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation directly regulates a multitude of herbivore life processes, in addition to indirectly affecting insect success via changes in plant chemistry and morphogenesis. Here we looked at plant and insect (aphid and whitefly) exposure to supplemental UV-A radiation in the glasshouse environment and investigated effects on insect population growth. Glasshouse grown peppers and eggplants were grown from seed inside cages covered by novel plastic filters, one transparent and the other opaque to UV-A radiation. At a 10-true leaf stage for peppers (53 days) and 4-true leaf stage for eggplants (34 days), plants were harvested for chemical analysis and infested by aphids and whiteflies, respectively. Clip-cages were used to introduce and monitor the insect fitness and populations of the pests studied. Insect pre-reproductive period, fecundity, fertility and intrinsic rate of natural increase were assessed. Crop growth was monitored weekly for 7 and 12 weeks throughout the crop cycle of peppers and eggplants, respectively. At the end of the insect fitness experiment, plants were harvested (68 days and 18-true leaf stage for peppers, and 104 days and 12-true leaf stage for eggplants) and leaves analysed for secondary metabolites, soluble carbohydrates, amino acids, total proteins and photosynthetic pigments. Our results demonstrate for the first time, that UV-A modulates plant chemistry with implications for insect pests. Both plant species responded directly to UV-A by producing shorter stems but this effect was only significant in pepper whilst UV-A did not affect the leaf area of either species. Importantly, in pepper, the UV-A treated plants contained higher contents of secondary metabolites, leaf soluble carbohydrates, free amino acids and total content of protein. Such changes in tissue chemistry may have indirectly promoted aphid performance. For eggplants, chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoid levels decreased with supplemental UV-A over the entire crop cycle but UV-A exposure did not affect leaf secondary metabolites. However, exposure to supplemental UV-A had a detrimental effect on whitefly development, fecundity and fertility presumably not mediated by plant cues as compounds implied in pest nutrition - proteins and sugars - were unaltered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Dáder
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Calle Serrano 115 dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Dylan Gwynn-Jones
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, United Kingdom.
| | - Aránzazu Moreno
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Calle Serrano 115 dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Winters
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, United Kingdom.
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICA-CSIC), Calle Serrano 115 dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Kim WR, Kim EO, Kang K, Oidovsambuu S, Jung SH, Kim BS, Nho CW, Um BH. Antioxidant activity of phenolics in leaves of three red pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:850-9. [PMID: 24087837 DOI: 10.1021/jf403006c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant properties and phenolic profiles were first investigated in this paper on the leaves of three red pepper cultivars, Blackcuban (BCPL), Hongjinju (HPL), and Yeokgang-hongjanggun (YHPL). Of the ethanol extract of the three cultivars, BCPL showed potent antioxidant activities against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and the 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical. Nine antioxidative compounds from the red pepper leaves were isolated and identified as one polyamine phenolic conjugate, N-caffeoylputrescine (1); three chlorogenic acid derivatives, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (4), and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid butyl ester (9); one anthocyanin, delphinidin-3-[4-trans-coumaroyl-l-rhamnosyl(1→6)glucopyranoside]-5-O-glucopyranoside (3); and four flavone glycosides, luteolin-7-O-apiofuranosyl(1→2)glucopyranoside (5), luteolin-7-O-glucopyranoside (6), apigenin 7-O-apiofuranosyl(1→2)glucopyranoside (7), apigenin-7-O-glucopyranoside (8). 1 and 3 had the greatest potential for radical-scavenging activity and HepG2 cells protecting effect against oxidative stress. BCPL exhibited the highest content of 1 and 3. Of the three cultivars BCPL may be considered a good source of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Ri Kim
- Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute , Gangneung 210-340, Korea
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Lima GPP, Vianello F, Corrêa CR, Campos RADS, Borguini MG. Polyphenols in Fruits and Vegetables and Its Effect on Human Health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.511117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Seo ON, Kim GS, Kim YH, Park S, Jeong SW, Lee SJ, Jin JS, Shin SC. Determination of polyphenol components of Korean Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: Contribution to overall antioxidant activity. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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25
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Lee JH, Jeong SW, Cho YA, Park S, Kim YH, Bae DW, Chung JI, Kwak YS, Jeong MJ, Park SC, Shim JH, Jin JS, Shin SC. Determination of the variations in levels of phenolic compounds in soybean (Glycine max Merr.) sprouts infected by anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3081-6. [PMID: 23526300 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean sprouts (Kongnamool) are one of the most popular and nutritive traditional vegetables in East Asia. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most serious diseases of soybean sprouts. In order to obtain basic information for breeding and/or selecting soybean genotypes with increased natural defense against anthracnose, phenolic compounds were profiled for healthy and infected soybean (Glycine max Merr.) sprouts by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Tryptophan and eight phenolic compounds (daidzin, genistin, malonyldaidzin, malonylgenistin, daidzein, glycitein, genistein and coumestrol) were determined from healthy and inoculated sprouts. Total identified phenolic content was 40.02 ± 0.03 mg kg⁻¹, 99.4% of which was isoflavones. CONCLUSION The monitoring suggested that de novo induced glycitein appeared to act as a phytoalexin in the defence mechanism of the soybean sprouts against C. gloeosporioides, and constitutively formed seven phenolic components that functioned as phytoanticipins in the diseased soybean sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Han Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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26
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High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry detectors for a comprehensive characterization of phenolic and other polar compounds in three pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) samples. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Wahyuni Y, Ballester AR, Sudarmonowati E, Bino RJ, Bovy AG. Secondary metabolites of Capsicum species and their importance in the human diet. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:783-93. [PMID: 23477482 DOI: 10.1021/np300898z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The genus Capsicum (pepper) comprises a large number of wild and cultivated species. The plants are grown all over the world, primarily in tropical and subtropical countries. The fruits are an excellent source of health-related compounds, such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotenoids (provitamin A), tocopherols (vitamin E), flavonoids, and capsaicinoids. Pepper fruits have been used for fresh and cooked consumption, as well as for medicinal purposes, such as treatment of asthma, coughs, sore throats, and toothache. Depending on its uses, there are several main characters important for product quality; pungency, bright attractive colors, highly concentrated extracts, and a small number of seeds are the main characters on which quality is based and priced. Herein, a general overview of biochemical composition, medical properties of these compounds, and characteristics of quality attributes of pepper fruits is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Wahyuni
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Wang H, Guo S, Qian D, Qian Y, Duan JA. Comparative analysis of quinolizidine alkaloids from different parts of Sophora alopecuroides seeds by UPLC–MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 67-68:16-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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