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Verônica Cardoso de Souza B, de Morais Sousa M, Augusto Gasparotto Sattler J, Cristina Sousa Gramoza Vilarinho Santana A, Bruno Fonseca de Carvalho R, de Sousa Lima Neto J, de Matos Borges F, Angelica Neri Numa I, Braga Ribeiro A, César Cunha Nunes L. Nanoencapsulation and bioaccessibility of polyphenols of aqueous extracts from Bauhinia forficata link. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 5:100144. [PMID: 36404894 PMCID: PMC9672949 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bauhinia forficata Link is a plant rich in polyphenols that has been used mainly for its hypoglycemic activity, which is related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. However, the beneficial effect of these bioactive compounds is directly dependent on their bioaccessibility and bioavailability, requiring processing techniques that can improve and preserve their biological activities. This work aimed to obtain nanocapsulated extracts from the infusion (ESIN) and decoction (ESDC) of B. forficata Link leaves, by spray drying. The encapsulating agents used were maltodextrin and colloidal silicon dioxide. The nanocapsules were characterized by HPLC-PDA-ESI-IT-MS n , evaluated the bioaccessibility of polyphenols after simulated digestion and their antioxidant activity. Additionally, an extensive physicochemical characterization of the nanocapsulated extracts was carried out and their stability and technological parameters were evaluated. The ESIN and ESDC extracts had yields of 57.3 % and 62.7 %, with average nanocapsules sizes of 0.202 μm and 0.179 μm, low humidity and water activity (<0.5), powder density and proper flow properties (Hausner ratio ≤ 1.25; Carr index 18-19 %). Scanning electron microscopy showed a spherical and amorphous morphology and low viscosity, which may have favored the solubility profile. The phenolic compounds of the nanocapsules degraded after 400 °C, showing high thermal stability. The infrared spectra identified the presence of maltodextrin and phenolic compounds and that there were no reactions between them. Chromatography confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, mainly flavonols and their O-glycosylated derivatives, as well as carbohydrates, probably maltodextrin. Simulated in vitro digestion showed that polyphenols and flavonoids from ESIN and ESDC nanocapsules were bioaccessible after the gastric phase (49.38 % and 64.17 % of polyphenols and 64.08 % and 36.61 % of flavonoids) and duodenal (52.68 % and 79.06 % of polyphenols and 13.24 % and 139.03 % of flavoids), with a variation from 52.27 % to 70.55 % of the antioxidant activity maintained, by the ORAC method, after gastric digestion and still 25 %, after duodenal. Therefore, the nanoencapsulation of extracts of B. forficata is a viable option for the preservation of their bioactive compounds, making them bioaccessible and with antioxidant activity, which make them suitable for incorporation into various nutraceutical formulations, such as capsules, tablets and sachets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana de Morais Sousa
- Department of Hospitality, Leisure and Food Production, Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Piaui, Campus Zona Sul, São Pedro, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Gasparotto Sattler
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fernando de Matos Borges
- Post-Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Iramaia Angelica Neri Numa
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Braga Ribeiro
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF – Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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Fortunato RH, Nores MJ. "Cow's Hoof" ( Bauhinia L., Leguminosae): A Review on Pharmacological Properties of Austral South American Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:31. [PMID: 36616160 PMCID: PMC9823647 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The genus Bauhinia s.l. (Leguminosae), known as cow's hoof, unha de boi or pata de vaca, has been used in traditional medicine worldwide. The aim of the present review is to summarize the studies published on the biological activity of the main native medicinal species reported in austral South America. Of the 14 species present in the region, 10 are consumed as leaf infusions to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as used for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and to treat various diseases. Pharmacological properties have been recorded in seven species. Antioxidant, anticoagulant, antihypertensive, diuretic, antimicrobial and antitumor properties have been reported in B. forficata. Together with B. holophylla, they are important for their antidiabetic properties, since several studies indicate their effectiveness as a hypoglycemic agent. B. bauhinioides is distinguished for its anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic activities and S. microstachya for its analgesic properties. Anti-ulcer and wound healing activities recorded in B. holophylla and B. ungulata, respectively, are of particular interest. Most of the species possess antitumor activity. The antioxidant capacity of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds make these plants good candidates to assist or treat various alterations related with oxidative stress, such as diabetic complications. Thus, these species constitute promising targets for new bioactive substance research and phytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Jimena Nores
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), UNC, Vélez Sarsfield 1611, Argentina
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Beneficial Effects of Bauhinia rufa Leaves on Oxidative Stress, Prevention, and Treatment of Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8790810. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8790810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic disease worldwide, associated with oxidative stress and the development of several other diseases. Bauhinia rufa (Bong.) Steud. is a native Brazilian Cerrado medicinal plant popularly used for the treatment of obesity. In this context, we investigated the chemical composition of the methanolic extract of B. rufa leaves (MEBr) and evaluated the antioxidant activity and its impact on the prevention and treatment of obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD 60%). Additionally, the acute oral toxicity of MEBr was evaluated. In MEBr, 17 glycosylated compounds were identified, including myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, coumaroyl, cyanoglucoside, and megastigmane. In vitro, MEBr showed antioxidant activity in different methods: DPPH•, ABTS•+, FRAP, iron-reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching, and inhibition of DNA fragmentation. In human erythrocytes, MEBr increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Under oxidative stress, MEBr reduced oxidative hemolysis, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels generated in erythrocytes. Mice treated acutely with MEBr (2000 mg/kg) showed no signs of toxicity. During 90 days, the mice received water or MEBr simultaneously with HFD for induction of obesity. At this stage, MEBr was able to reduce the gain of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) and prevent the increase of MDA in the heart and brain. After 180 days of HFD for obesity induction, mice that received MEBr simultaneously with HFD (HFD-MEBr) in the last 60 days of treatment (120-180 days) showed a reduction of retroperitoneal and mesenteric WAT deposits and MDA levels in the heart, liver, kidney, and brain, compared to the HFD-Control group. These effects of MEBr were similar to mice treated with sibutramine (HFD-Sibutramine, 2 mg/kg). Combined, the results show that compounds from the leaves of B. rufa affect controlling oxidative stress and actions in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Thus, associated oxidative stress reduction and body composition modulation, in obese people, can contribute to the prevention of obesity-related comorbidities and improve quality of life.
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Chávez-Bustos EA, Morales-González A, Anguiano-Robledo L, Madrigal-Santillán EO, Valadez-Vega C, Lugo-Magaña O, Mendoza-Pérez JA, Fregoso-Aguilar TA. Bauhinia forficata Link, Antioxidant, Genoprotective, and Hypoglycemic Activity in a Murine Model. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3052. [PMID: 36432781 PMCID: PMC9692633 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bauhinia forficata L. is a tree used in alternative medicine as an anti-diabetic agent, with little scientific information about its pharmacological properties. The hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and genoprotective activities of a methanolic extract of B. forficata leaves and stems combined were investigated in mice treated with streptozotocin (STZ). Secondary metabolites were determined by qualitative phytochemistry. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method at four concentrations of the extract. The genoprotective activity was evaluated in 3 groups of mice: control, anthracene (10 mg/kg), and anthracene + B. forficata (500 mg/kg) and the presence of micronuclei in peripheral blood was measured for 2 weeks. To determine the hypoglycemic activity, the crude extract was prepared in a suspension and administered (500 mg/kg, i.g.) in previously diabetic mice with STZ (120 mg/kg, i.p.), measuring blood glucose levels every week as well as the animals' body weight for six weeks. The extract showed good antioxidant activity and caused a decrease in the number of micronuclei. The diabetic mice + B. forficata presented hypoglycemic effects in the third week of treatment, perhaps due to its secondary metabolites. Therefore, B. forficata is a candidate for continued use at the ethnomedical level as an adjuvant to allopathic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Anayetzi Chávez-Bustos
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Department de Fisiología. Av., Wilfrido Massieu S/N, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México C.P. 07700, Mexico
| | - Angel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz S/N Esquina Miguel Othón de Mendizabal, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México C.P. 07738, Mexico
| | - Liliana Anguiano-Robledo
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México C.P. 11340, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Osiris Madrigal-Santillán
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, Alcaldía. Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México C.P. 11340, Mexico
| | - Cármen Valadez-Vega
- Área Académica de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, San Agustín Tlaxiaca C.P. 42080, Mexico
| | - Olivia Lugo-Magaña
- Preparatoria Número 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Benito Juárez S/N, Constitución, Pachuca de Soto C.P. 42060, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alberto Mendoza-Pérez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Department de Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales. Av., Wilfrido Massieu S/N, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México C.P. 07700, Mexico
| | - Tomás Alejandro Fregoso-Aguilar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Department de Fisiología. Av., Wilfrido Massieu S/N, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México C.P. 07700, Mexico
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Bauhinia forficata Link Infusions: Chemical and Bioactivity of Volatile and Non-Volatile Fractions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175415. [PMID: 36080183 PMCID: PMC9457595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate Bauhinia forficata infusions prepared using samples available in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As such, infusions at 5% (w/v) of different brands and batches commercialized in the city (CS1, CS2, CS3, and CS4) and samples of plant material botanically identified (BS) were evaluated to determine their total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC), antioxidant capacity (ABTS•+, DPPH•, and FRAP assays), phytochemical profile, volatile compounds, and inhibitory effects against the α-amylase enzyme. The results showed that infusions prepared using BS samples had lower TPC, TFC and antioxidant potential than the commercial samples (p < 0.05). The batch averages presented high standard deviations mainly for the commercial samples, corroborating sample heterogeneity. Sample volatile fractions were mainly composed of terpenes (40 compounds identified). In the non-volatile fraction, 20 compounds were identified, with emphasis on the CS3 sample, which comprised most of the compounds, mainly flavonoid derivatives. PCA analysis demonstrated more chemical diversity in non-volatile than volatile compounds. The samples also inhibited the α-amylase enzyme (IC50 value: 0.235−0.801 mg RE/mL). Despite the differences observed in this work, B. forficata is recognized as a source of bioactive compounds that can increase the intake of antioxidant compounds by the population.
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Pagels F, Almeida C, Vasconcelos V, Guedes AC. Cosmetic Potential of Pigments Extracts from the Marine Cyanobacterium Cyanobium sp. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080481. [PMID: 36005483 PMCID: PMC9409843 DOI: 10.3390/md20080481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current mindset in the cosmetics market about sustainable ingredients had increased the search for new sources of natural active ingredients. Cyanobacteria are a great source of functional ingredients for cosmetics, as a producer of pigments with described bioactive potential (carotenoids and phycobiliproteins). This work aimed to evaluate the cosmetic potential of marine cyanobacterium Cyanobium sp. pigment-targeted extracts (carotenoids and phycobiliproteins), evaluating their in vitro safety through cytotoxicity assays, cosmetic-related enzyme inhibition, ingredient stability, and putative product (serum formulation). Results showed no cytotoxicity from the extracts in skin-related cell lines. Carotenoid extract showed anti-hyaluronidase capacity (IC50 = 108.74 ± 5.74 mg mL−1) and phycobiliprotein extract showed anti-hyaluronidase and anti-collagenase capacity (IC50 = 67.25 ± 1.18 and 582.82 ± 56.99 mg mL−1, respectively). Regarding ingredient and serum stability, both ingredients showed higher stability at low-temperature conditions, and it was possible to maintain the pigment content and bioactive capacity stable during the tested period, although in higher temperatures the product was degraded in a week. As a major conclusion, both extracts can be potential natural and sustainable ingredients for cosmetic uses, with relatively simple formulation and storage, and can be promising natural anti-aging ingredients due to their bioactive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pagels
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (F.P.); (A.C.G.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cíntia Almeida
- ISS—Ínclita Seaweed Solutions, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (F.P.); (A.C.G.)
- FCUP—Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - A. Catarina Guedes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (F.P.); (A.C.G.)
- ISS—Ínclita Seaweed Solutions, Novo Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
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Konda Y, Ankireddy AR, Velavalapalli VM, Paidikondala K, Pasula A, Gundla R. Synthesis, Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antibacterial Activities of the New Chiral (R)-3,3′-Disubstituted BINOL-Phosphates. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222050206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Franco DS, da Boit Martinello K, Georgin J, Netto MS, Foletto EL, Silva LF, dos Reis GS, Dotto GL. Pore volume and surface diffusion model (PVSDM) applied for single and binary dye adsorption systems. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Aquino AJ, Pereira-Filho ER, Oliveira RV, Cass QB. Chromatography Conditions Development by Design of Experiments for the Chemotype Differentiation of Four Bauhinia Species. Front Chem 2022; 10:800729. [PMID: 35677597 PMCID: PMC9169091 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.800729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive use of medicinal herbs to traditionally treat disease persists for generations, and scientific evidence on plant-derived extracts has indicated their numerous biological activities. The Bauhinia, popular known as cow’s paw (“pata de vaca”), with more than 60 native species, are extensively used in Brazilian popular medicine for the control of diabetes. Therefore, in 2009, B. forficata, B. variegata and/or B. affinis were included in the Brazilian National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to SUS (RENISUS - Brazil). In this context, this work reports the results of the chemical differentiation of B. forficata, B. variegata, B. longifolia, and B. affinis using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry and unsupervised chemometric tools. Chromatographic conditions were optimized by using the design of experiments (DoE) and chromatographic knowledge. Furthermore, the chemical profile of the studied species was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis that differentiated the four species of Bauhinia, and 55 compounds were also inferred by MS2 experiments, some of them for the first time in B. affinis. In this manner, this work provides important information that could be used in quality control, development of new pharmaceuticals, and food products based on Bauhinia leaves, as well as to explain ethnomedicinal properties, pharmacological and toxicological actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Aquino
- Separare—Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cromatografia, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Edenir R. Pereira-Filho
- Grupo de Análise Instrumental Aplicada (GAIA), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Regina V. Oliveira
- Separare—Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cromatografia, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Regina V. Oliveira, ; Quezia B. Cass,
| | - Quezia B. Cass
- Separare—Núcleo de Pesquisa em Cromatografia, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Regina V. Oliveira, ; Quezia B. Cass,
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Mondal SC, Eun JB. Mechanistic insights on burdock (Arctium lappa L.) extract effects on diabetes mellitus. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:999-1008. [PMID: 35873376 PMCID: PMC9300799 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is amongst the most common chronic diseases, being responsible for various problems in humans and contributing to increased mortality rates worldwide. Fructooligosaccharide, which can be produced from the roots of burdock (Arctium lappa L.), has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological proprieties, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic effects. Moreover, burdock also contains chlorogenic acid, which has been used in traditional medicine as an antioxidant. Considering its natural origin and minimal toxicity, burdock fructooligosaccharides (BFO) has gained considerable attention from researchers owing its wide, efficient, and beneficial action against DM. Although the effectiveness of fructooligosaccharide and chlorogenic acid has been extensively discussed, limited information is available on the application of burdock for DM treatment. In this review, we discuss the beneficial contributions, and the recent in vitro and in vivo analytical findings on A. lappa extract as DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Chandra Mondal
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Chonnam, National University, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
- Department of Food Processing and Preservation, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200 Bangladesh
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Chonnam, National University, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Rm#110, CALS Bldg 3, Gwangju, 61186 South Korea
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Secondary or Specialized Metabolites, or Natural Products: A Case Study of Untargeted LC–QTOF Auto-MS/MS Analysis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061025. [PMID: 35326473 PMCID: PMC8963255 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The large structural diversity of specialized metabolites represents a substantial challenge in untargeted metabolomics. Modern LC–QTOF instruments can provide three- to four-digit numbers of auto-MS/MS spectra from sample sets. This case study utilizes twelve structurally closely related flavonol glycosides, characteristic specialized metabolites of plant tissues, some of them isomeric and isobaric, to illustrate the possibilities and limitations of their identification. This process requires specific software tools that perform peak picking and feature alignment after spectral deconvolution and facilitate molecular structure base searching with subsequent in silico fragmentation to obtain initial ideas about possible structures. The final assignment of a putative identification, so long as spectral databases are not complete enough, requires structure searches in a chemical reference database, such as SciFindern, in attempts to obtain additional information about specific product ions of a metabolite candidate or check its feasibility. The highlighted problems in this process not only apply to specialized metabolites in plants but to those occurring in other organisms as well. This case study is aimed at providing guidelines for all researchers who obtain data from such analyses but are interested in deeper information than just Venn diagrams of the feature distribution in their sample groups.
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Tonelli CA, de Oliveira SQ, Silva Vieira AAD, Biavatti MW, Ritter C, Reginatto FH, Campos AMD, Dal-Pizzol F. Clinical efficacy of capsules containing standardized extract of Bauhinia forficata Link (pata-de-vaca) as adjuvant treatment in type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized, double blind clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114616. [PMID: 34506937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bauhinia forficata Link, is a Brazilian native plant and popularly known as pata-de-vaca ("paw-of-cow"). The tea prepared with their leaves has been extensively used in the Brazilian traditional practices for the diabetes treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of capsules containing granules of a standardized extract of B. forficata leaves as adjuvant treatment on the glycemic control of patients with type-2 diabetes melitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS A double-blind, randomized clinical trial using capsules containing granules prepared by wet granulation of a standardized extract from B. forficata leaves as adjuvant treatment, was conducted. 92 patients aged 18-75 years from an outpatient clinic with type-2 diabetes were randomly assigned by a simple randomization scheme, in a 1:1 ratio to receive capsules of B. forficata or placebo for four months. The capsules used contain 300 mg of standardized extract from B. forficata leaves, yielding 2% of total flavonoid content per capsule. Primary outcome was glycated hemoglobin levels and fasting plasma glucose at 4 months. Possible harms were also determined. RESULTS The findings showed that at 4 months, the mean fasting plasma glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin were both significantly lower in the B. forficata group than in the placebo group. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the adjunctive use of capsules containing standardized extract of B. forficata can add to regular oral anti-diabetics in the metabolic and inflammatory control of type-2 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos André Tonelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Simone Quintana de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Andriele Aparecida da Silva Vieira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maique Weber Biavatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ritter
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Reginatto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Angela Machado de Campos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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JUNG EP, ALVES RC, ROCHA WFDC, MONTEIRO SDS, RIBEIRO LDO, MOREIRA RFA. Chemical profile of the volatile fraction of Bauhinia forficata leaves: an evaluation of commercial and in natura samples. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.34122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Przytyk JUNG
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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14
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Crisóstomo-Ayala KA, Sabater-Jara AB, Pérez Manriquez C, Ferreres F, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Pedreño MÁ, Hernández de la Torre M, Sanchez-Olate M, Ríos Leal DG. Comparative Study of Metabolomic Profile and Antioxidant Content of Adult and In Vitro Leaves of Aristotelia chilensis. PLANTS 2021; 11:plants11010037. [PMID: 35009040 PMCID: PMC8747544 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to identify the bioactive compounds present in adult maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) leaves from different stages of development and seasons of the year and compare them with leaves obtained from maqui plants grown in vitro. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of maqui leaf extracts by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn showed the presence of different polyphenolic compounds classified into galloyl and caffeoyl quinic acids, ellagitannins and ellagic acid- and flavonoid-derivatives. In general, the total phenolic content of the in vitro samples was higher than that of ex vitro samples, whereas the total flavonoid content was higher in winter basal leaves. Additionally, the analysis by HPLC-MS showed that the extract from spring basal leaves was enriched in quercetin, catechin, kaempferol and 3-caffeoyl quinic acids, while in the in vitro leaves extract, quercetin was not present. As regards lipophilic compounds identified by GC/MS, the samples of in vitro leaves showed a high presence of α-tocopherol and β-sitosterol. In contrast, the samples of adult leaves presented a hight level of linolenic and linoleic acids. These results suggest that maqui leaves could be an excellent source of antioxidants and lipophilic compounds for many industries, such as the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Andrea Crisóstomo-Ayala
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Belén Sabater-Jara
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Claudia Pérez Manriquez
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion 4030000, Chile;
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation (REM) Group, Campus Los Jerónimos, Universidad Católica de Murcia, UCAM, s/n, 30107 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Maria Ángeles Pedreño
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.B.S.-J.); (M.Á.P.)
| | - Martha Hernández de la Torre
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Olate
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
| | - Darcy Graciela Ríos Leal
- Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 631, Barrio Universitario, Casilla 160-C-Correo 3, Concepcion 4030000, Chile; (M.H.d.l.T.); (M.S.-O.); (D.G.R.L.)
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15
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Hussain N, Ishak I, Coorey R, Ghani MA, Ping TC. Tocopherols. A CENTUM OF VALUABLE PLANT BIOACTIVES 2021:707-731. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822923-1.00011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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16
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Murugan M, Rajendran K, Velmurugan T, Muthu S, Gundappa M, Thangavel S. Antagonistic and antioxidant potencies of Centrosema pubescens benth extracts against nosocomial infection pathogens. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Miklavčič Višnjevec A, Schwarzkopf M. Phenolic Compounds in Poorly Represented Mediterranean Plants in Istria: Health Impacts and Food Authentication. Molecules 2020; 25:E3645. [PMID: 32785191 PMCID: PMC7466117 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are well-known bioactive compounds in plants that can have a protective role against cancers, cardiovascular diseases and many other diseases. To promote local food development, a comprehensive overview of the phenolic compounds' composition and their impact on human health from typical Mediterranean plants such as Punica granatum L., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Arbutus unedo L., Celtis australis L., Ficus carica L., Cynara cardunculus var. Scolymus L. is provided. Moreover, the potential use of these data for authenticity determination is discussed. Some of the plants' phenolic compounds and their impact to human health are very well determined, while for others, the data are scarce. However, in all cases, more data should be available about the content, profile and health impacts due to a high variation of phenolic compounds depending on genetic and environmental factors. Quantifying variation in phenolic compounds in plants relative to genetic and environmental factors could be a useful tool in food authentication control. More comprehensive studies should be conducted to better understand the importance of phenolic compounds on human health and their variation in certain plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Miklavčič Višnjevec
- Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Glagoljaška 8, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Primorska, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia;
| | - Matthew Schwarzkopf
- Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Glagoljaška 8, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Primorska, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia;
- InnoRenew CoE, Livade 6, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
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18
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Cechinel-Zanchett CC, Bolda Mariano LN, Boeing T, da Costa JDC, Da Silva LM, Bastos JK, Cechinel-Filho V, de Souza P. Diuretic and Renal Protective Effect of Kaempferol 3- O-Alpha-l-rhamnoside (Afzelin) in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1980-1989. [PMID: 32453565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that kaempferitrin, the main flavonoid from Bauhinia forficata Link leaves, induces diuresis and saluresis when orally given to rats. Since afzelin (AFZ) and kaempferol (KFL) are active compounds from the biometabolism of kaempferitrin, the diuretic and renal protective properties of these two compounds were evaluated. While the acute treatment with AFZ evoked a diuretic action associated with an increase in Cl- excretion and a Ca2+-sparing effect, KFL did not present any activity. The pretreatment with a muscarinic receptor blocker or with an inhibitor of the cyclooxygenase fully avoided AFZ-induced diuresis. AFZ also induced a prolonged (7-day treatment) diuretic effect in normotensive (NTR) and hypertensive rats (SHR), with an increase of urinary Na+ and Cl- excretion, while it decreased the elimination of Ca2+. AFZ was able to decrease ROS and nitrite generation on kidney homogenates in comparison with the SHR group treated with the vehicle, as well as mitigated the changes in the renal corpuscle region (glomerulus and Bowman's capsule). Moreover, AFZ significantly reduced calcium oxalate crystal formation in urine, with inhibition rates of 41% for the NTR and 92% for the SHR group. Taken together, this study shows that AFZ exerts acute and prolonged diuretic effects plus protective renal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camile Cecconi Cechinel-Zanchett
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luísa Nathália Bolda Mariano
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thaise Boeing
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Carvalho da Costa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Café - CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luísa Mota Da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jairo K Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Café - CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel-Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Palsikowski PA, Besen LM, Klein EJ, Silva C, Silva EA. Optimization of ultrasound‐assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from
B. forficata
subsp.
Pruinosa
. CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula A. Palsikowski
- Center of Engineering and Exact Sciences Western Paraná State University Toledo Brazil
| | - Letícia M. Besen
- Center of Engineering and Exact Sciences Western Paraná State University Toledo Brazil
| | - Elissandro J. Klein
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
| | - Camila Silva
- Department of Technology University State of Maringá Umuarama Brazil
| | - Edson A. Silva
- Center of Engineering and Exact Sciences Western Paraná State University Toledo Brazil
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20
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Franco RR, Mota Alves VH, Ribeiro Zabisky LF, Justino AB, Martins MM, Saraiva AL, Goulart LR, Espindola FS. Antidiabetic potential of Bauhinia forficata Link leaves: a non-cytotoxic source of lipase and glycoside hydrolases inhibitors and molecules with antioxidant and antiglycation properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 123:109798. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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21
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Ferreira-Filho JCC, Marre ATDO, de Sá Almeida JS, Lobo LDA, Farah A, Romanos MTV, Maia LC, Valença AMG, Fonseca-Gonçalves A. Therapeutic Potential of Bauhinia forficata Link in Dental Biofilm Treatment. J Med Food 2020; 23:998-1005. [PMID: 31999500 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and anti-demineralizing effects of a tincture from Bauhinia forficata Link tincture (BFLT) were evaluated in vitro and ex vivo. Susceptibility tests (minimum inhibitory and microbicidal concentrations-MIC and time-kill assay-MMC) were performed against planktonic oral microorganisms. The contents of phenolic compounds were investigated. Cytotoxic potential was evaluated on oral fibroblasts after 1-5 min exposure to BFLT. Blocks of sound bovine enamel (N = 60) were inoculated with a saliva pool and sustained in a multiple plaque growth system for 48 h to form a biofilm. Biofilm blocks were randomly divided into groups-G (n = 10): G1-Baseline (48 h maturation biofilm), G2-BFLT 23.2 mg/mL, G3-Ethanol 81.20 g/mL, G4-Chlorhexidine 0.12%, G5-Growth control, and G6-Blank control. Treatments (50 μL/1 min) were performed once a day for a week. Streptococcus spp. (S) and total microorganism (TM) counts were expressed as Log10 CFU/mL. Biofilm height was evaluated by confocal microscopy analyses (CMA). Final surface hardness was assessed and percentage of microhardness loss (% MHL) was calculated. Results were significant when P < .05. BFLT inhibited all tested microorganisms (MIC = 1.3-23.2 mg/mL) and promoted optical reduction (0.05-0.22 nm) of all microorganisms after 48-h treatment compared with controls. After 5-min treatment, BFLT showed low values of cell death (3.20%). G2-BFLT reduced S (6.61 ± 0.20) and TM (7.14 ± 0.38) compared with G1-Baseline (S = 7.82 ± 0.28; TM = 8.81 ± 0.67) and G5-Growth control (S = 7.48 ± 0.39; TM = 7.89 ± 0.68); but G4-chlororexidine (S = 6.11 ± 0.48; TM = 6.45 ± 0.16) showed the highest antibiofilm activity. CMA was not different among treatment groups. G2 showed lower % MHL compared with G5, although G4 presented the lowest. Results suggest BFLT is beneficial against dental caries, showing antimicrobial effects against a mature dental biofilm and no cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cesar C Ferreira-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro de Araújo Lobo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana Farah
- Institute of Nutrition, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Gondim Valença
- Department of Clinic and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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22
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Camaforte NADP, Saldanha LL, Vareda PMP, Rezende-Neto JM, Senger MR, Delgado AQ, Morgan HJN, Violato NM, Pieroni LG, Dokkedal AL, Silva-Júnior FP, Bosqueiro JR. Hypoglycaemic activity of Bauhinia holophylla through GSK3-β inhibition and glycogenesis activation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:269-279. [PMID: 31007116 PMCID: PMC6493280 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1599962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bauhinia L. species, including Bauhinia holophylla (Bong.) Steud. (Fabaceae), have traditionally been used to treat diabetes. Bauhinia is a complex botanical genus, and the indiscriminate use of the diverse Bauhinia species is reflected in the experimental divergence of their medicinal potential. OBJECTIVE The hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects, molecular mechanism of action and phytochemical properties of an authentic extract of B. holophylla leaves were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A phytochemical study of a 70% EtOH extract was performed using FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MSn and HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS. The extract (200 or 400 mg/kg b.w.) was administered for 14 days to streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss mice. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, blood parameters, gene and protein expression, and the in vivo and in vitro inhibition of intestinal glucosidases were assessed. RESULTS HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS analysis identified flavonoid derivatives of quercetin, myricetin, luteolin and kaempferol. Treatment with 400 mg/kg of the extract reduced blood glucose (269.0 ± 32.4 mg/dL vs. 468.0 ± 32.2 mg/dL for diabetic animals), improved glucose tolerance, decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and increased the mRNA expression of proteins involved in glucogenesis in the liver and muscle, such as PI3-K/Akt, GS, GSK3-β (ser-9), AMPK and Glut4. The activity of intestinal maltase was inhibited in vitro (IC50: 43.0 µg/mL for the extract compared to 516.4 µg/mL for acarbose) and in vivo. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Treatment with B. holophylla was associated with a marked hypoglycaemic effect through the stimulation of glycogenesis and inhibition of gluconeogenesis and intestinal glucose absorption, without increasing basal insulinaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - João M. Rezende-Neto
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mario R. Senger
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aislan Q. Delgado
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique J. N. Morgan
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laís Goyos Pieroni
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Floriano P. Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Polyphenol Compounds and Biological Activity of Caper ( Capparis spinosa L.) Flowers Buds. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8120539. [PMID: 31775254 PMCID: PMC6963175 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze potential health-promoting components of caper flower buds (Capparis spinosa L.) at six stages of development in two cultivars. Polyphenol compounds (flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols) were identified by Liquid Chromatography- quadrupole Time-of-Flight -Mass Spectrofotometer/Mass Spectrofotometer (LC-qTOF-MS/MS) and quantified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array-Fluorescence Detector (UPLC-PDA-FL). Moreover, antioxidant properties (ABTS+•, FRAP, and ORAC), anti-diabetic potential (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and anti-aging activity (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE)) of the buds were examined. Total phenolic compounds in the investigated caper varied from 10,720 to 3256 mg/100 g dry weight (DW), and depended on a genotype and growing stage of caper flowers. Among six different growing stages, the one named 'nonpareilles' was characterized by significantly higher content of polyphenols than the remaining five stages. The flavonols in caper flowers represented a mixture of different glycosylated quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, and isorhamnetin derivatives, accounting for 38%-67%, 15%-36%, 4%-7%, and 0.8%-3%, respectively, of total flavonols,. Their contents strongly depended on the growth stage. 'Nonpareilles' and 'surfines' were richer in flavonols than 'fines' and 'gruesas'. Of the six investigated growth stages, 'nonpareilles' accumulated the greatest amounts of bioactive compounds that correlated with antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties, and were more potent BuChE than AChE inhibitors.
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24
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Palsikowski PA, Besen LM, Santos KA, da Silva C, da Silva EA. Supercritical CO2 oil extraction from Bauhinia forficata link subsp. pruinosa leaves: Composition, antioxidant activity and mathematical modeling. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Phenolic Analysis for Classification of Mulberry (Morus spp.) Leaves according to Cultivar and Leaf Age. J FOOD QUALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2807690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds in mulberry leaves harvested from three cultivars (Buriram 60, BR 60; Sakonnakhon, SK; and Khunphai, KH) at different leaf ages (tips, young, and old leaves) were identified and quantified using HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI/MS. A total of 13 phenolic compounds, which were mainly as caffeoylquinic acids and flavonol glycosides, were detectable. Predominant phenolic compounds were 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.5–13.1 mg/g dry weight), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.3–2.4 mg/g dry weight), and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (1.0–4.4 mg/g dry weight). Qualitative and quantitative differences in phenolic compounds in mulberry leaves were investigated among cultivars and leaf ages. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used for classification of the mulberry leaves. Based on the similarity of phenolic compounds, mulberry leaves were clustered into three groups: (1) tips of leaves from all cultivars; (2) young and old leaves of mulberry cv. BR 60; (3) young and old leaves of mulberry cv. SK and KH. Therefore, according to phenolic compounds in mulberry leaves, tips of leaves from all cultivars should be intended for production of functional healthy foods.
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26
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Zielinski AA, Haminiuk CW, Beta T. Evaluation of the Phenolics and in vitro Antioxidant Activity of Different Botanical Herbals Used for Tea Infusions in Brazil. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401313666171020114727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The consumption of herbal teas has gained much attention due to its healthpromoting
benefits, including antioxidant, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antiinflammatory
effects. These biological activities are associated in part to the antioxidant activity of
chemical compounds present in teas, especially flavonoids and phenolic acids.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate a total of 17 different botanical herbal infusions consumed
in Brazil in terms of their phenolic antioxidants.
Methods:
The analysis performed were total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total flavonols,
tannin content and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, and ORAC assays).
Data were processed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis).
Results:
The use of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) suggested an unsupervised classification relationship
based on level of functionality of the herbal teas. Higher levels of total phenolics, total flavonoids
and antioxidant activity were found in Anemopaegma mirandum while higher values of tannin
content and total flavonols were found in Peumus boldus. All antioxidant activity assays showed significant
correlations among each other (r > 0.84, p < 0.001), and with total phenolic and flavonoids (r
> 0.83, p < 0.001). Using HCA, three clusters were suggested and cluster 1 showed the highest functionality.
Conclusion:
The herbal infusions evaluated can be a good resource of bioactive compounds to consume
and supplementing food products. Nevertheless, future studies should focus on the evaluation of
these herbal teas using in vivo systems to understand the mechanisms of action when these different
herbal infusions are used as beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acácio A.F. Zielinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering - Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, 88010-970, Brazil
| | - Charles W.I. Haminiuk
- Graduate Programme of Food Technology, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, via Rosalina Maria dos Santos 1233 Campo Mourao Campus, CEP 87301-899 Campo Mourao, Brazil
| | - Trust Beta
- University of Manitoba, Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, 250 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Ankireddy AR, Paidikondala K, Gundla R, Balaraju T, Pagadala R, Banothu V. Synthesis of New Chiral (R)‐BINOL Derivatives under Microwave Irradiation and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and α‐Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Reddy Ankireddy
- Department of ChemistryGitam University, Hyderabad, Rudraram Mandal, Sangareddy District, Patancheru, Hyderabad Telangana 502329 India
| | - Kalyani Paidikondala
- Department of ChemistryGitam University, Hyderabad, Rudraram Mandal, Sangareddy District, Patancheru, Hyderabad Telangana 502329 India
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of ChemistryGitam University, Hyderabad, Rudraram Mandal, Sangareddy District, Patancheru, Hyderabad Telangana 502329 India
| | - Tuniki Balaraju
- Department of ChemistryGitam University, Hyderabad, Rudraram Mandal, Sangareddy District, Patancheru, Hyderabad Telangana 502329 India
| | - Ramakanth Pagadala
- Department of ChemistryCVR College of Engineering (Autonomous), Hyderabad Telangana 501510 India
| | - Venkanna Banothu
- Department of ChemistryJawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Kukatpally Housing Board Colony, Hyderabad Telangana 500085 India
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de Sousa JN, de Oliveira ABM, Ferreira AK, Silva E, de Sousa LMS, França Rocha MC, de JP, Júnior S, William Kaatz G, da Silva Almeida JRG, de Souza JSN, Medeiros Barreto H. Modulation of the resistance to norfloxacin in Staphylococcus aureus by Bauhinia forficata link. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:681-685. [PMID: 30938178 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1590714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Microdilution assays were performed in order to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the ethanoic extract from the leaves of Bauhinia forficate (EEBF) against different microorganisms. The extract did not present inner antimicrobial activities against the tested strains. However, EEBF was able to modulate the norfloxacin-resistance against Staphylococcus aureus SA1199-B that overproduce the NorA efflux pump, once sub-inhibitory concentrations of EEBF reduced the minimal inhibitory concentratio of the norfloxacin in 87.5%. This modulatory effect was also found when the antibiotic was replaced by ethidium bromide, suggesting that EEBF acts probably by inhibition of NorA, allowing the antibiotic accumulation intracellularly, and making the line more sensitive. These results point out the EEBF potential as a source of NorA inhibitors that could be used in combination with norfloxacin for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - E Silva
- Laboratory of Research in Microbiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Siqueira Júnior
- Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Glenn William Kaatz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - João Sammy Nery de Souza
- Nucleus of Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of the São Francisco Valley, Juazeiro, BA, Brazil
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Hashem MM, Salama MM, Mohammed FF, Tohamy AF, El Deeb KS. Metabolic profile and hepatoprotective effect of Aeschynomene elaphroxylon (Guill. & Perr.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210576. [PMID: 30629685 PMCID: PMC6328266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are life-threatening and need urgent medical treatments. Conventional treatment is expensive and toxic, so the urge for nutraceutical hepatoprotective agents is crucial. This study is considered the first metabolic profile of Aeschynomene elaphroxylon (Guill. & Perr.) extracts of; flowers, leaves & bark adopting UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS analysis to determine their bioactive metabolites, and it was designed to investigate the potential hepatoprotective activity of A. elaphroxylon flowers and bark extracts against CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Forty-nine compounds of various classes were detected in the three extracts, with triterpenoid saponins as the major detected metabolite. Flowers and bark extracts presented similar chemical profile while leaves extract was quite different. The antioxidant activities of the flowers, leaves & bark extracts were measured by in vitro assays as Fe+3 reducing antioxidant power and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity. It revealed that flowers and bark extracts had relatively high antioxidant activity as compared to leaves extract. Based on the metabolic profile and in vitro antioxidant activity, flowers and bark ethanolic extracts were chosen for alleviation of hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4 in rats. The hepatoprotective activity was studied through measuring hepatotoxicity biomarkers in serum (ALT, AST, and Albumin). Liver tissues were examined histopathologically and their homogenates were used in determining the intracellular levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, GSH), inflammatory markers (TNF-α). Flowers and bark ethanolic extracts exerted a significant hepatoprotective effect through reduction in the activities of ALT, AST and Albumin, the tested extracts reduced oxidative stress by increasing GSH content and reducing the MDA level. Furthermore, the extracts decreased levels of pro-inflammatory TNF-α. Moreover, the present study revealed the potentiality of A. elaphroxylon in ameliorating the CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. In this aspect, A. elaphroxylon can be used with other agents as a complementary drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M. Hashem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Maha M. Salama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Faten F. Mohammed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel F. Tohamy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kadriya S. El Deeb
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Tostes JBF, Siani AC, Monteiro SS, Melo VF, Costa JO, Valente LMM. Seasonal Flavonoid Profile and Kaempferitrin Content in the Leaf Extracts of <i>Bauhinia forficata</i> Subspecies <i>forficata</i> from Two Locations in Southeastern Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2019.101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sampaio CF, Lucchetta NR, Punhagui APF, Banedetti PR, Arakawa NS, Seiva FRF, Fernandes GSA. Alcohol extract of
Bauhinia forficata
link reduces lipid peroxidation in the testis and epididymis of adult Wistar rats. Microsc Res Tech 2018; 82:345-351. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ferreira Sampaio
- General Biology Department, Biological Sciences CenterState University of Londrina – UEL Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | - Nicla Renata Lucchetta
- General Biology Department, Biological Sciences CenterState University of Londrina – UEL Londrina Paraná Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Health Sciences CenterState University of Londrina – UEL Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Franco Punhagui
- General Biology Department, Biological Sciences CenterState University of Londrina – UEL Londrina Paraná Brazil
- General Pathology Department, Biological Sciences CenterState University of Londrina – UEL Londrina Paraná Brazil
| | | | - Nilton Syogo Arakawa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Health Sciences CenterState University of Londrina – UEL Londrina Paraná Brazil
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Odeyemi S, Bradley G. Medicinal Plants Used for the Traditional Management of Diabetes in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: Pharmacology and Toxicology. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112759. [PMID: 30366359 PMCID: PMC6278280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of medicinal plants for the management of diabetes mellitus is on the rise in the developing countries, including South Africa. There is increasing scientific evidence that supports the claims by the traditional healers. In this review, we compare the families of previously reported anti-diabetic plants in the Eastern Cape by rating the anti-diabetic activity, mode of action and also highlight their therapeutic potentials based on the available evidence on their pharmacology and toxicity. Forty-five plants mentioned in ethnobotanical surveys were subjected to a comprehensive literature search in the available electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Elsevier, by using “plant name” and “family” as the keywords for the primary searches to determine the plants that have been scientifically investigated for anti-diabetic activity. The search returned 25 families with Asteraceae highly reported, followed by Asphodelaceae and Alliaceae. Most of the plants have been studied for their anti-diabetic potentials in vivo and/or in vitro, with most of the plants having a higher percentage of insulin release and inhibition against carbohydrate digesting enzymes as compared with insulin mimetic and peripheral glucose uptake. Almost all the investigated plants also inhibit oxidative stress as part of their hypoglycemic activity with less toxicity. However, the isolation of their bioactive molecules is still lacking. This review provides a resource to enable thorough assessments of the therapeutic profiles of available medicinal plants used for the management of diabetes in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Further studies such as the identification of the active ingredients of potent plants still need to be carried out; this may lead to new molecules in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Odeyemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Graeme Bradley
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
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Cechinel-Zanchett CC, de Andrade SF, Cechinel-Filho V. Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Toxicological Aspects of Bauhinia forficata: A Mini-Review Covering the Last Five Years. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini review focuses on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemical, and biological/pharmacological activity and toxicology of the medicinal plant, Bauhinia forficata reported during 2012–2016. The results confirmed the continuous use of this plant, especially the leaves, for medicinal purposes, particularly as remedies for the treatment of diabetes and other ailments. Other new biological potential was evidenced, including anti-ulcerogenic, hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective and diuretic effects. Clinical and toxicological studies have advanced gradually, requiring more detailed experiments, to ensure the safe use of this plant for medication. Some new flavonoids were detected in this species, but significant differences were observed when comparing the chemical composition of its sub-species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camile Cecconi Cechinel-Zanchett
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88.901–202-Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Faloni de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88.901–202-Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel-Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas and Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, 88.901–202-Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Ferreira-Filho JCC, Marre ATDO, Almeida JSDS, Lobo LA, Farah A, Valença AMG, Fonseca-Gonçalves A. Treatment of dental biofilm with a tincture of Bauhinia forficata leaves: an ex-vivo study. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3432-3435. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1477146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cesar C. Ferreira-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Soares de Sá Almeida
- Departament of Medical Microbiology, Professor Paulo de Góes Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Araújo Lobo
- Departament of Medical Microbiology, Professor Paulo de Góes Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Farah
- Institute of Nutrition, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Gondim Valença
- Departament of Clinic and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Franco RR, da Silva Carvalho D, de Moura FBR, Justino AB, Silva HCG, Peixoto LG, Espindola FS. Antioxidant and anti-glycation capacities of some medicinal plants and their potential inhibitory against digestive enzymes related to type 2 diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 215:140-146. [PMID: 29274842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants preparations are used by traditional medicine in the treatment of various diseases, such as type-2 diabetes mellitus. Some medicinal plants are capable of controlling the complications of this metabolic disease at different levels, for example, providing antioxidant compounds that act against oxidative stress and protein glycation and others which are capable of inhibiting the catalysis of digestive enzymes and thus contribute to the reduction of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Our objective was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-glycation activities of some medicinal plants and their potential inhibitory against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on the ethnobotanical researches carried out by academic studies conducted at the Federal University of Uberlandia, ten plants traditionally used in the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus were selected. Ethanol (EtOH) and hexane (Hex) extracts of specific parts of these plants were used in enzymatic assays to evaluate their inhibitory potential against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase, as well as their antioxidant (DPPH, ORAC and FRAP) and anti-glycation (BSA/fructose model) capacities. RESULTS The results indicate that EtOH extract of four of the ten analyzed plants exhibited more than 70% of antioxidant and anti-glycation capacities, and α-amylase and lipase inhibitory activities; no extract was able to inhibit more than 40% the α-glucosidase activity. The EtOH extracts of Bauhinia forficata and Syzygium. cumini inhibited α-amylase (IC50 8.17 ± 2.24 and 401.8 ± 14.7 μg/mL, respectively), whereas EtOH extracts of B. forficata, Chamomilla recutita and Echinodorus grandiflorus inhibited lipase (IC50 59.6 ± 10.8, 264.2 ± 87.2 and 115.8 ± 57.1 μg/mL, respectively). In addition, EtOH extracts of B. forficata, S. cumini, C. recutita and E. grandiflorus showed, respectively, higher antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC50 0.7 ± 0.1, 2.5 ± 0.2, 1.3 ± 0.2 and 35.3 ± 9.0 μg/mL) and anti-glycation activity (IC50 22.7 ± 4.4, 246.2 ± 81.7, 18.5 ± 2.8 and 339.0 ± 91.0 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS EtOH extracts of four of the ten species popularly cited for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus have shown promising antioxidant and anti-glycation properties, as well as the ability to inhibit the digestive enzymes α-amylase and lipase. Thus, our results open new possibilities for further studies in order to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of these medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Gomes Peixoto
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
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Santos M, Fortunato RH, Spotorno VG. Analysis of flavonoid glycosides with potential medicinal properties on Bauhinia uruguayensis and Bauhinia forficata subspecies pruinosa. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:2574-2578. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1460826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Santos
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Control de Procesos, CIDQ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renée H. Fortunato
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, CIRN. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Universidad de Morón, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana G. Spotorno
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, CIRN. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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The influence of electron beam radiation in the nutritional value, chemical composition and bioactivities of edible flowers of Bauhinia variegata L. var. candida alba Buch.-Ham from Brazil. Food Chem 2018; 241:163-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Kang MJ, Kwon EB, Yuk HJ, Ryu HW, Kim SY, Lee MK, Moon DO, Lee SU, Oh SR, Lee HS, Kim MO. Tripterygium regelii decreases the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol and cholesterol in HepG2 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:2285-2291. [PMID: 29090619 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1390392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the course of screening to find a plant material decreasing the activity of triacylglycerol and cholesterol, we identified Tripterygium regelii (TR). The methanol extract of TR leaves (TR-LM) was shown to reduce the intracellular lipid contents consisting of triacylglycerol (TG) and cholesterol in HepG2 cells. TR-LM also downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of the lipogenic genes such as SREBP-1 and its target enzymes. Consequently, TR-LM reduced the TG biosynthesis in HepG2 cells. In addition, TR-LM decreased SREBP2 and its target enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is involved in cholesterol synthesis. In this study, we evaluated that TR-LM attenuated cellular lipid contents through the suppression of de novo TG and cholesterol biosynthesis in HepG2 cells. All these taken together, TR-LM could be beneficial in regulating lipid metabolism and useful preventing the hyperlipidemia and its complications, in that liver is a crucial tissue for the secretion of serum lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ji Kang
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea.,b College of Pharmacy , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bin Kwon
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea.,b College of Pharmacy , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Joo Yuk
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea.,b College of Pharmacy , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Lee
- b College of Pharmacy , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Oh Moon
- c Department of Biology Education , Daegu University , Gyeongsan-si , Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ui Lee
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Lee
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Ock Kim
- a Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Cheongju , Republic of Korea
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Luthra T, Agarwal R, Estari M, Adepally U, Sen S. A novel library of -arylketones as potential inhibitors of α-glucosidase: Their design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo studies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13246. [PMID: 29038580 PMCID: PMC5643545 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
α-glucosidase is an essential enzyme located at the brush border of intestines. It is an important therapeutic target for type II diabetes. Herein we have designed a library of novel α-arylketones as inhibitors of α-glucosidase (yeast origin) via scaffold hopping and bioisosteric modification of known inhibitors of α-glucosidase. The design was validated through molecular docking that revealed strong binding interactions of the newly designed compounds against α-glucosidase. A library comprising of 15 compounds was synthesized in a combinatorial fashion, where the advanced amide intermediates were accessed through “shot gun” synthesis. The final compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C-NMR and with high resolution mass spectroscopy. In vitro screening of the compounds against yeast α-glucosidase revealed substantial inhibition with IC50s in the range of 4–10 μM (the standard drug acarbose inhibits α-glucosidase with an IC50 of 9.95 μM). Reaction kinetics suggested mixed type inhibition. Finally, in vivo studies of the most active compound 3c against Streptozotocin induced male albino Wistar rats revealed that its administration in the rats for about 4 weeks lead to a highly significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the fasting blood glucose (FBG) compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Moreover, lower dose of 3c had better control over FBG in contrast to high-dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Luthra
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, GautamBudh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Rahul Agarwal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, GautamBudh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Mamidala Estari
- Department of Zoology, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telengana, India
| | - Uma Adepally
- Institute of Science and Technology Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Subhabrata Sen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, GautamBudh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India.
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Elbanna AH, Nooh MM, Mahrous EA, Khaleel AE, Elalfy TS. Extract of Bauhinia vahlii Shows Antihyperglycemic Activity, Reverses Oxidative Stress, and Protects against Liver Damage in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S607-S612. [PMID: 29142421 PMCID: PMC5669104 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have affirmed the effectiveness of some Bauhinia plants as antihyperglycemic agents. Objective: We investigated the possible effect of Bauhinia vahlii leaves extract in reducing hyperglycemia and reversing signs of organ damage associated with diabetes in streptozotocin (STZ) rat model. Materials and Methods: Both polar fraction of the B. vahlii leaves (defatted ethanolic extract [DEE]) and nonpolar fraction (n-hexane extract) were evaluated in vitro for α-glucosidase inhibition and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging potential. DEE was selected for further in vivo studies and was administered at two doses, i.e., 150 or 300 mg/kg to STZ-diabetic rats for 4 weeks. Results: Only DEE exhibited in vitro antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities and its oral administration at both dose levels resulted in significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Furthermore, signs of oxidative stress as indicated by hepatic reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels were completely reversed. In addition, histopathological examination and measurement of serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels showed that DEE protected the liver from signs of liver pathogenesis when compared to diabetic untreated animals and those treated with metformin. Phytochemical analysis of DEE showed high flavonoids content with quercitrin as the major constituent along with other quercetin glycosides. Conclusion: This study strongly highlights the possible beneficial effect of B. vahlii leaves extract in relieving hyperglycemia and liver damage in STZ-diabetic rats and recommends further investigation of the value of quercetin derivatives in controlling diabetes and ameliorating liver damage associated with it. SUMMARY The polar fraction of the Bauhinia vahlii leaves (defatted ethanolic extract [DEE]) exhibited both in vitro antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay and strong α-glucosidase inhibition while the nonpolar fraction (n-hexane extract) failed to show any activity in both assays. DEE was further investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model where oral administration of DEE at 2 doses (150 and 300 mg/kg) for 4 weeks resulted in significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin and reversal of oxidative stress signs as indicated by measurement of hepatic reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels. In addition, histopathological examination and measurement of serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels showed that DEE protected the liver from signs of pathogenesis observed in diabetic untreated rats. Phytochemical analysis of DEE showed high flavonoid content with quercitrin as the major constituent (62.9 ± 0.18 mg/mg).
Abbreviations used: ALT: Alanine transaminase, AST: Aspartate transaminase, DEE: Defatted ethanol extract, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, FBG: Fasting blood glucose, GAE: Gallic acid equivalent, GSH: Reduced glutathione, Hb1Ac: Glycated hemoglobin, HE: Hexane extract MDA: Malondialdehyde, QE: Quercetin equivalent, STZ: Streptozotocin, TAC: Total antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Elbanna
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Nooh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy A Mahrous
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal E Khaleel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taha S Elalfy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Alves EP, de F Lima R, de Almeida CM, Freires IA, Rosalen PL, Ruiz AL, Granville-Garcia AF, Godoy GP, Pereira JV, de Brito Costa EM. Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activity of Bauhinia forficata Link and Cnidoscolus quercifolius Extracts commonly Used in Folk Medicine. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:635-640. [PMID: 28816181 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bauhinia forficata and Cnidoscolus quercifolius plants are commonly used in folk medicine. However, few studies have investigated their therapeutic potential. AIM Herein, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of B. forficata and C. quercifolius extracts against microorganisms of clinical relevance and their antiproliferative potential against tumor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following tests were performed: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), inhibition of biofilm adhesion, and effects on cell morphology. Antiproliferative tests were carried out with human keratinocytes and six tumor lines. RESULTS Bauhinia forficata showed antimicrobial activity only against C. albicans with MIC of 15.62 ug/mL and MFC higher than 2000 ug/mL. It also inhibited biofilm adhesion and caused alterations in cell morphology. Cnidoscolus quercifolius showed no significant activity (MIC > 2.0 mg/mL) against the strains. Bauhinia forficata and C. quercifolius extracts showed cytostatic activity against the tumor cells. CONCLUSION Bauhinia forficata has promising anti-Cand/da activity and should be further investigated for its therapeutic potential. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of infectious processes has an important function nowadays, due to the limitations of the use of synthetic antibiotics available, related specifically to the microbial resistance emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika P Alves
- Department of Dentistry, Paraiba State University Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Rennaly de F Lima
- Department of Dentistry, Paraiba State University Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | - Irlan A Freires
- Department of Physiological Science, University of Campinas Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Rosalen
- Department of Physiological Science, University of Campinas Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Ltg Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Research, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo P Godoy
- Department of Dentistry, Paraiba State University Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Jozinete V Pereira
- Department of Dentistry, Paraiba State University Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Edja Mm de Brito Costa
- Department of Dentistry, Paraiba State University Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil, Phone: +5583999969623, e-mail:
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Fortunato RH, Varela BG, Castro MA, Nores MJ. Leaf venation pattern to recognize austral South American medicinal species of “cow's hoof” ( Bauhinia L., Fabaceae). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vinholes J, Vizzotto M. Synergisms in Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze and Eugenia uniflora L. Ethanolic Extracts. Pharmacognosy Res 2017; 9:101-107. [PMID: 28250662 PMCID: PMC5330093 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.197797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camellia sinensis, the most consumed and popular beverages worldwide, and Eugenia uniflora, a Brazilian native species, have been already confirmed to have beneficial effects in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, their potential acting together against an enzyme linked to this pathology has never been exploited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory properties of individual and combined ethanolic extracts of the leaves of C. sinensis and E. uniflora over alpha-glucosidase, a key digestive enzyme used on the Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) control. In addition, their inhibitory activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) and peroxyl radicals was also assayed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enzyme inhibition and antioxidant potential were assessed based on in vitro assays. Total phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and chlorophylls A and B were achieved using spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS E. uniflora was almost 40 times more active on alpha-glucosidase than C. sinensis and combined extracts showed a significant synergistic effect with an obtained IC50 value almost 5 times lower than the theoretical value. C. sinensis extract was twice more active than E. uniflora concerning DPPH•, in contrast, E. uniflora was almost 10 times more effective than C. sinensis on inhibition of peroxyl radicals with a significant synergistic effect for combined extracts. The extracts activities may be related with their phytochemicals, mainly phenolic compounds, and chlorophylls. CONCLUSION Combined C. sinensis and E. uniflora ethanolic extracts showed synergistic effect against alpha-glucosidase and lipid peroxidation. These herbal combinations can be used to control postprandial hyperglycemia and can also provide antioxidant defenses to patients with T2DM. SUMMARY Alfa-glucosidase and antioxidant Interaction between Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze and Eugenia uniflora L. ethanolic extracts was investigated.Extracts showed synergistic effect over alpha-glucosidase and peroxyl radicals.Total phenolic, carotenoids and chlorophylls A and B can be responsible by the observed activities.Extracts could be used as alternative to control postprandial hyperglycemia.Extracts could increase antioxidant defenses to patients with T2DM. Abbreviations Used: T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical; PNPG: 4-Nitrophenyl β-D-glucuronide; LOO: Lipid peroxidation; SEM: Standard error of the mean; CAE: Chlorogenic acid equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Vinholes
- Embrapa Clima Temperado, Rodovia BR-392, Km 78, 9° Distrito, Monte Bonito Caixa Postal 403, CEP: 96010-971 - Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vizzotto
- Embrapa Clima Temperado, Rodovia BR-392, Km 78, 9° Distrito, Monte Bonito Caixa Postal 403, CEP: 96010-971 - Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Bathula C, Ghosh S, Hati S, Tripathy S, Singh S, Chakrabarti S, Sen S. Bioisosteric modification of known fucosidase inhibitors to discover a novel inhibitor of α-l-fucosidase. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24939f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydantoin, thiohydantoin and pyridone analogs as α-l-fucosidase inhibitors through bioisosteric modification of known bovine α-l-fucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shreemoyee Ghosh
- Structural Biology and Bio-Informatics Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata
- India
| | - Santanu Hati
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
| | - Sayantan Tripathy
- Department of Life Sciences
- School of Natural Sciences
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Department of Life Sciences
- School of Natural Sciences
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology and Bio-Informatics Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
- Kolkata
- India
| | - Subhabrata Sen
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
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Mocan A, Schafberg M, Crișan G, Rohn S. Determination of lignans and phenolic components of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. using HPLC-ESI-ToF-MS and HPLC-online TEAC: Contribution of individual components to overall antioxidant activity and comparison with traditional antioxidant assays. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Bezerra AG, Negri G, Duarte-Almeida JM, Smaili SS, Carlini EA. Phytochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extract of Turnera diffusa Willd and evaluation of its effects on astrocyte cell death. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2016; 14:56-63. [PMID: 27074236 PMCID: PMC4872919 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082016ao3386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the phytochemical composition of hydroethanolic extracts from powdered aerial parts of Turnera diffusa Willd (Turneraceae; T. diffusa), as well as its toxicity in astrocytes. METHODS Chemical analyses of hydroethanolic extract from powdered aerial parts ofT. diffusa were carried out using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.In vitro assays using astrocytes culture were performed to evaluate cell death. RESULTS Flavone-C, O-diglycosides, such as, luteolin-8-C-[6-deoxy-2-O-rhamnosyl]-xylo-hexos-3-uloside, apigenin-8-C-[6-deoxy-2-O-rhamnosyl]-xylo-hexos-3-uloside and apigenin-7-O-6"-p-coumaroylglucoside were the main compounds found in this hydroethanolic extract. Concentration time-effect demonstrated the toxicity of this extract at a concentration of 1,000µg/mL in astrocyte culture, after 6 and 24 hours of incubation. CONCLUSION In phytochemical analyses, important antioxidants (mainly flavonoids) were observed. T. diffusa extracts presented cytotoxic effect in high concentrations, leading to increased cell death in astrocyte culture.
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α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors from Myrcia spp.: a stronger alternative to acarbose? J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 118:322-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Farag MA, Sakna ST, El-Fiky NM, Shabana MM, Wessjohann LA. Phytochemical, antioxidant and antidiabetic evaluation of eight Bauhinia L. species from Egypt using UHPLC-PDA-qTOF-MS and chemometrics. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 119:41-50. [PMID: 26410474 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bauhinia L. (Fabaceae) comprises ca. 300-350 plant species, many of which are traditionally used in folk medicine for their antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Bauhinia s.l. recently has been subdivided into 9 genera based on phylogenetic data: Bauhinia s.str., Barklya, Brenierea, Gigasiphon, Lysiphyllum, Phanera, Piliostigma, Schnella (American Phanera) and Tylosema. The aerial parts of 8 species corresponding to 5 genera were analyzed: Bauhinia forficata, Bauhinia variegata, B. variegata var. candida, Bauhinia galpinii, Schnella glabra, Piliostigma racemosa, Phanera vahlii and Lysiphyllum hookeri. Leaves and shoots were subjected to metabolite profiling via UHPLC-PDA-qTOF-MS coupled to multivariate data analyzes to identify compound compositional differences. A total of 90 metabolites were identified including polyphenols and fatty acids; flavonoid conjugates accounted for most of the metabolite variation observed. This study provides a comprehensive map of polyphenol composition in Bauhinia and phytochemical species aggregations are consistent with recent Bauhinia genus taxonomic relationship derived from phylogenetic studies. DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays were also performed to assess selected aspects of the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential for the examined species with respect to metabolite profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sarah T Sakna
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabaweya M El-Fiky
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marawan M Shabana
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Effect of Solvent System on Extractability of Lipidic Components of Scenedesmus obliquus (M2-1) and Gloeothece sp. on Antioxidant Scavenging Capacity Thereof. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6453-71. [PMID: 26492257 PMCID: PMC4626700 DOI: 10.3390/md13106453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are well known for their biotechnological potential, namely with regard to bioactive lipidic components-especially carotenoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), well-known for therapeutic applications based on their antioxidant capacity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of four distinct food-grade solvents upon extractability of specific lipidic components, and on the antioxidant capacity exhibited against both synthetic (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(•)) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS(+•))) and biological reactive species (O₂(•)⁻ and (•)NO⁻). A eukaryotic microalga (Scenedesmus obliquus (M2-1)) and a prokaryotic one (Gloeothece sp.) were used as case studies. Concerning total antioxidant capacity, the hexane:isopropanol (3:2) and acetone extracts of Sc. obliquus (M2-1) were the most effective against DPPH(•) and ABTS(+•), respectively. Gloeothece sp. ethanol extracts were the most interesting scavengers of O₂(•)⁻, probably due the high content of linolenic acid. On the other hand, acetone and hexane:isopropanol (3:2) extracts were the most interesting ones in (•)NO⁻ assay. Acetone extract exhibited the best results for the ABTS assay, likely associated to its content of carotenoids, in both microalgae. Otherwise, ethanol stood out in PUFA extraction. Therefore, profiles of lipidic components extracted are critical for evaluating the antioxidant performance-which appears to hinge, in particular, on the balance between carotenoids and PUFAs.
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Bieski IGC, Leonti M, Arnason JT, Ferrier J, Rapinski M, Violante IMP, Balogun SO, Pereira JFCA, Figueiredo RDCF, Lopes CRAS, da Silva DR, Pacini A, Albuquerque UP, Martins DTDO. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants by population of Valley of Juruena Region, Legal Amazon, Mato Grosso, Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 173:383-423. [PMID: 26234177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE The use of medicinal plants for treatment, cure and prevention of diseases has been described by many people since time immemorial. Because of this use, commercial and scientific interests have emerged, making it necessary to realize ethnobotanical surveys of medicinal plants species, which is important for subsequent chemical and pharmacological bioprospections. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at surveying, identifying, cataloging and documenting the medicinal plants species used in the Valley of Juruena, Northwestern Mato Grosso, Legal Amazon Brazil for the treatment of various human diseases, as well as assessed the species of interest for bioprospecting potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Informants were interviewed using semi-structured form to capture information on socio-demographic and ethnopharmacological data of medicinal plants such as vernacular name, uses, geographic origin, habit, form of preparation and part used. Results were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative means: indices of use-report (Ur) and informant consensus factor (ICF), for the selection of plant species with therapeutic potential. RESULTS Three hundred and thirty two (332) plants species belonging to 90 families were reported for medicinal purposes and totaling 3973 use-reports were reported by 365 (92.9%) of the people interviewed. Asteraceae (32.2%), Fabaceae (26.7%) and Lamiaceae (24.4%) families were the most represented, with majority being species native (64.45%) to Brazil. Leaves (64.5%) were the part of the plant most used and infusion (45.7%) was the most utilized form. Gastrointestinal disorders followed by respiratory complaints topped the list of use-reports. The native or naturalized plants with the highest use reports in the order of decreasing absolute frequency per each emic-category are Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapfc (104), Mentha pulegium L. (94), Arrabidaea chica (Humb. & Bonpl.) B. Verl. (97), Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze (71), Baccharis crispa Spreng (57), Phyllanthus niruri L. (48), Gossypium barbadense L. (44), Solidago microglossa DC. (40) and Bauhinia forficata L. (20). And the most cited exotics are: Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (151), Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f., (89) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (72). In some cases, high ICF values were found, which reflects high degree of homogeneity of consensus among informants in this region on medicinal plants. CONCLUSION The population of Valle of Juruena makes use of a wide array of medicinal plants distributed in all use categories with predominance of those use in the treatments of gastrointestinal and respiratory ailments. The therapeutic potential of some of the species of medicinal importance extensively utilized by the population of the region have been scientifically validated, and are therefore promising prototype of new drugs. However, there are some of these species whose ethnomedicinal uses are yet to be scientifically verified and thus constitute an unexplored terrain for future biological/pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isanete Geraldini Costa Bieski
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Marco Leonti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - John Thor Arnason
- Department Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jonathan Ferrier
- Department Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michel Rapinski
- Department Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ivana Maria Povoa Violante
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Sikiru Olaitan Balogun
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - João Filipe Costa Alves Pereira
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Feguri Figueiredo
- Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Célia Regina Araújo Soares Lopes
- Faculty of Biological and Agrarian Sciences, University of Mato Grosso State (UNEMAT), Campus Universitário de Alta Floresta, UNEMAT, 208, km 146, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, MT, Brazil
| | - Dennis Rodrigues da Silva
- Faculty of Biological and Agrarian Sciences, University of Mato Grosso State (UNEMAT), Campus Universitário de Alta Floresta, UNEMAT, 208, km 146, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, MT, Brazil
| | - Aloir Pacini
- Department of Anthropology, Rondon Museum, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Applied and Theoretical Ethnobiology (LEA), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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