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Sharma R, Nath PC, Das P, Rustagi S, Sharma M, Sridhar N, Hazarika TK, Rana P, Nayak PK, Sridhar K. Essential oil-nanoemulsion based edible coating: Innovative sustainable preservation method for fresh/fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. Food Chem 2024; 460:140545. [PMID: 39047488 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing plant-based sources for the preservation of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables offers a natural and chemical-free method. However, the inherent instability of plant bioactive compounds underscores the necessity for encapsulation techniques. Essential oil-based nanoemulsions (EO-NEs) stand out among food additives due to their distinctive antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This review delves into recent advancements in the application of EO-NEs as edible coatings for fresh and fresh-cut produce. It examines the efficacy of EO-NEs in enhancing the preservation of fruits and vegetables by harnessing their bioactive compounds for antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. Additionally, the review accentuates the efficacy of EO-NEs in inhibiting biofilm formation on fruits and vegetables. It reveals that coatings derived from plant-source nanoemulsions exhibit exceptional mechanical, optical, and microstructural qualities, as well as superior water barrier properties. In contrast to conventional emulsions, nanocoatings facilitate the gradual and controlled release of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds during food storage. This feature enhances bioactivity, extends shelf life, and enhances the nutritional profile of products. By preserving and protecting shelf stability, EO-NEs contribute to the maintenance of vegetable freshness. Nonetheless, ensuring their commercial viability necessitates additional research into the toxicity of EO-based nanoemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Sharma
- Department of Food Technology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chinniyampalayam, 641062, Coimbatore, India
| | - Pinku Chandra Nath
- Food Science and Technology Division, Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Baridua, 793101, India
| | - Puja Das
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar 783370, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- Department of Food Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Research Centre for Life Science and Healthcare, Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute (CBI), University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Natarajan Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chinniyampalayam, 641062, Coimbatore, India
| | - Tridip Kumar Hazarika
- Department of Horticulture, Aromatic, and Medicinal Plants, Mizoram University, Mizoram 796004, India
| | - Priya Rana
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
| | - Prakash Kumar Nayak
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar, Kokrajhar 783370, India.
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, India.
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Sajid M, Mehmood S, Yuan Y, Yue T, Khalid MZ, Mujtaba A, Alharbi SA, Ansari MJ, Zinedine A, Rocha JM. Biosafety measures for Alicyclobacillus spp. strains across various levels of biohazard. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 191:114840. [PMID: 38944144 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Alicyclobacillus bacteria are important contaminants in the beverage industry because their spores remain in the product after usual pasteurization. At the same time, their impact on human health has yet to be characterized, as it is generally assumed to be low or non-existent. However, these bacteria are causing quality concerns mainly due to odor and taste changes of the product. Since potential health effects are not precisely known, an experimental assessment was performed, including a biosafety assessment of six viable and non-viable vegetative and spore forms of Alicyclobacillus spp. strains using cell cultures and rodent study. The monolayer of Caco-2 (Cancer coli-2) cells was investigated for its adsorption effect on the epithelium of the small intestine of mice. Lactate dehydrogenase leakage (LDH) and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) tests were used to ensure the integrity of the cell membrane and tight junctions. The methylthiazole tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay examined in vitro cytotoxicity in Caco-2 and HepG2 cell lines. The hemolysis of erythrocytes was spectrophotometrically measured. The results showed negligible cytotoxicity or non-toxic response in mice. In conclusion, Alicyclobacillus spp. exhibited biocompatibility with negligible cytotoxicity and minimal safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sajid
- Institute of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, 46000, Punjab, Pakistan; College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, 46000, Punjab, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Muhammad Zubair Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmad Mujtaba
- Institute of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, 46000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), 244001- India.
| | - Abdellah Zinedine
- BIOMARE Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences PO Box 20, Chouaib Doukkali University, EL Jadida, 24000, Morocco.
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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Lin Z, Li J, Huang Q. Characterizations on a GRAS Electrospun Lipid-Polymer Composite Loaded with Tetrahydrocurcumin. Foods 2024; 13:1672. [PMID: 38890901 PMCID: PMC11172270 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrospun/sprayed fiber films and nanoparticles were broadly studied as encapsulation techniques for bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, many of them involved using non-volatile toxic solvents or non-biodegradable polymers that were not suitable for oral consumption, thus rather limiting their application. In this research, a novel electrospun lipid-polymer composite (ELPC) was fabricated with whole generally recognized as safe (GRAS) materials including gelatin, medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and lecithin. A water-insoluble bioactive compound, tetrahydrocurcumin (TC), was encapsulated in the ELPC to enhance its delivery. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was utilized to examine the morphology of this ELPC and found that it was in a status between electrospun fibers and electrosprayed particles. It was able to form self-assembled emulsions (droplets visualized by CLSM) to deliver active compounds. In addition, this gelatin-based ELPC self-assembled emulsion was able to form a special emulsion gel. CLSM observation of this gel displayed that the lipophilic contents of the ELPC were encapsulated within the cluster of the hydrophilic gelatin gel network. The FTIR spectrum of the TC-loaded ELPC did not show the fingerprint pattern of crystalline TC, while it displayed the aliphatic hydrocarbon stretches from MCT and lecithin. The dissolution experiment demonstrated a relatively linear release profile of TC from the ELPC. The lipid digestion assay displayed a rapid digestion of triglycerides in the first 3-6 min, with a high extent of lipolysis. A Caco-2 intestinal monolayer transport study was performed. The ELPC delivered more TC in the upward direction than downwards. MTT study results did not report cytotoxicity for both pure TC and the ELPC-encapsulated TC under 15 μg/mL. Caco-2 cellular uptake was visualized by CLSM and semi-quantified to estimate the accumulation rate of TC in the cells over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Lin
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Jun Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Altemimi AB, Farag HAM, Salih TH, Awlqadr FH, Al-Manhel AJA, Vieira IRS, Conte-Junior CA. Application of Nanoparticles in Human Nutrition: A Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:636. [PMID: 38474764 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology in human nutrition represents an innovative advance in increasing the bioavailability and efficiency of bioactive compounds. This work delves into the multifaceted dietary contributions of nanoparticles (NPs) and their utilization for improving nutrient absorption and ensuring food safety. NPs exhibit exceptional solubility, a significant surface-to-volume ratio, and diameters ranging from 1 to 100 nm, rendering them invaluable for applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery, as well as elevating food quality. The encapsulation of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants within NPs introduces an innovative approach to counteract nutritional instabilities and low solubility, promoting human health. Nanoencapsulation methods have included the production of nanocomposites, nanofibers, and nanoemulsions to benefit the delivery of bioactive food compounds. Nutrition-based nanotechnology and nanoceuticals are examined for their economic viability and potential to increase nutrient absorption. Although the advancement of nanotechnology in food demonstrates promising results, some limitations and concerns related to safety and regulation need to be widely discussed in future research. Thus, the potential of nanotechnology could open new paths for applications and significant advances in food, benefiting human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar B Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Halgord Ali M Farag
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Harem Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Harem Hospital, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Tablo H Salih
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
- Harem Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Harem Hospital, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Farhang H Awlqadr
- Halabja Research Center, Halabja Technical College Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani 46002, Iraq
| | | | - Italo Rennan Sousa Vieira
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, RJ, Brazil
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Stahl MA, Lüdtke FL, Grimaldi R, Gigante ML, Ribeiro APB. Characterization and stability of solid lipid nanoparticles produced from different fully hydrogenated oils. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113821. [PMID: 38163721 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The use of lipids from conventional oils and fats to produce solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) attracting interest from the food industry, since due their varying compositions directly affects crystallization behavior, stability, and particle sizes (PS) of SLN. Thus, this study aimed evaluate the potential of fully hydrogenated oils (hardfats) with different hydrocarbon chain lengths to produce SLN using different emulsifiers. For that, fully hydrogenated palm kern (FHPkO), palm (FHPO), soybean (FHSO), microalgae (FHMO) and crambe (FHCO) oils were used. Span 60 (S60), soybean lecithin (SL), and whey protein isolate (WPI) were used as emulsifiers. The physicochemical characteristics and crystallization properties of SLN were evaluated during 60 days. Results indicates that the crystallization properties were more influenced by the hardfat used. SLN formulated with FHPkO was more unstable than the others, and hardfats FHPO, FHSO, FHMO, and FHCO exhibited the appropriate characteristics for use to produce SLN. Concerning emulsifiers, S60- based SLN showed high instability, despite the hardfat used. SL-based and WPI-based SLN formulations, showed a great stability, with crystallinity properties suitable for food incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Aparecida Stahl
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Luisa Lüdtke
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Renato Grimaldi
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mirna Lúcia Gigante
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Badan Ribeiro
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil
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Di Cristo L, Ude VC, Tsiliki G, Tatulli G, Romaldini A, Murphy F, Wohlleben W, Oomen AG, Pompa PP, Arts J, Stone V, Sabella S. Grouping of orally ingested silica nanomaterials via use of an integrated approach to testing and assessment to streamline risk assessment. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:68. [PMID: 36461106 PMCID: PMC9719179 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomaterials can exist in different nanoforms (NFs). Their grouping may be supported by the formulation of hypotheses which can be interrogated via integrated approaches to testing and assessment (IATA). IATAs are decision trees that guide the user through tiered testing strategies (TTS) to collect the required evidence needed to accept or reject a grouping hypothesis. In the present paper, we investigated the applicability of IATAs for ingested NFs using a case study that includes different silicon dioxide, SiO2 NFs. Two oral grouping hypotheses addressing local and systemic toxicity were identified relevant for the grouping of these NFs and verified through the application of oral IATAs. Following different Tier 1 and/or Tier 2 in vitro methods of the TTS (i.e., in vitro dissolution, barrier integrity and inflammation assays), we generated the NF datasets. Furthermore, similarity algorithms (e.g., Bayesian method and Cluster analysis) were utilized to identify similarities among the NFs and establish a provisional group(s). The grouping based on Tier 1 and/or Tier 2 testing was analyzed in relation to available Tier 3 in vivo data in order to verify if the read-across was possible and therefore support a grouping decision. RESULTS The measurement of the dissolution rate of the silica NFs in the oro-gastrointestinal tract and in the lysosome identified them as gradually dissolving and biopersistent NFs. For the local toxicity to intestinal epithelium (e.g. cytotoxicity, membrane integrity and inflammation), the biological results of the gastrointestinal tract models indicate that all of the silica NFs were similar with respect to the lack of local toxicity and, therefore, belong to the same group; in vivo data (although limited) confirmed the lack of local toxicity of NFs. For systemic toxicity, Tier 1 data did not identify similarity across the NFs, with results across different decision nodes being inconsistent in providing homogeneous group(s). Moreover, the available Tier 3 in vivo data were also insufficient to support decisions based upon the obtained in vitro results and relating to the toxicity of the tested NFs. CONCLUSIONS The information generated by the tested oral IATAs can be effectively used for similarity assessment to support a grouping decision upon the application of a hypothesis related to toxicity in the gastrointestinal tract. The IATAs facilitated a structured data analysis and, by means of the expert's interpretation, supported read-across with the available in vivo data. The IATAs also supported the users in decision making, for example, reducing the testing when the grouping was well supported by the evidence and/or moving forward to advanced testing (e.g., the use of more suitable cellular models or chronic exposure) to improve the confidence level of the data and obtain more focused information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisana Di Cristo
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907D3 PharmaChemistry, Nanoregulatory Group, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Victor C. Ude
- grid.9531.e0000000106567444Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS UK
| | - Georgia Tsiliki
- grid.19843.370000 0004 0393 5688Institute for the Management of Information Systems, Athena Research Center, Marousi, Greece
| | - Giuseppina Tatulli
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessio Romaldini
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907D3 PharmaChemistry, Nanoregulatory Group, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fiona Murphy
- grid.9531.e0000000106567444Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS UK
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- grid.3319.80000 0001 1551 0781Department Material Physics and Department of Experimental Toxicology & Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Agnes G. Oomen
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands ,grid.7177.60000000084992262Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pier P. Pompa
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Vicki Stone
- grid.9531.e0000000106567444Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS UK
| | - Stefania Sabella
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907D3 PharmaChemistry, Nanoregulatory Group, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
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WPI Hydrogels with a Prolonged Drug-Release Profile for Antimicrobial Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061199. [PMID: 35745772 PMCID: PMC9231275 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious sequelae caused by surgery are a significant problem in modern medicine due to their reduction of therapeutic effectiveness and the patients’ quality of life.Recently, new methods of local antimicrobial prophylaxis of postoperative sequelae have been actively developed. They allow high local concentrations of drugs to be achieved, increasing the antibiotic therapy’s effectiveness while reducing its side effects. We have developed and characterized antimicrobial hydrogels based on an inexpensive and biocompatible natural substance from the dairy industry—whey protein isolate—as matrices for drug delivery. The release of cefazolin from the pores of hydrogel structures directly depends on the amount of the loaded drug and occurs in a prolonged manner for three days. Simultaneously with the antibiotic release, hydrogel swelling and partial degradation occurs. The WPI hydrogels absorb solvent, doubling in size in three days and retaining cefazolin throughout the duration of the experiment. The antimicrobial activity of cefazolin-loaded WPI hydrogels against Staphylococcus aureus growth is prolonged in comparison to that of the free cefazolin. The overall cytotoxic effect of cefazolin-containing WPI hydrogels is lower than that of free antibiotics. Thus, our work shows that antimicrobial WPI hydrogels are suitable candidates for local antibiotic therapy of infectious surgical sequelae.
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An insight into the effect of food nanoparticles on the metabolism of intestinal cells. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Formulation and functionalization of linalool nanoemulsion to boost its antibacterial properties against major foodborne pathogens. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Akter S, Addepalli R, Netzel M, Fletcher M, Sultanbawa Y, Osborne S. Impact of polyphenol-rich extracts of Terminalia ferdinandiana fruits and seeds on viability of human intestinal and liver cells in vitro. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2021; 2:100024. [PMID: 35415635 PMCID: PMC8991618 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2021.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian fruit consumed by Indigenous Australians for centuries. Commercial interest in T. ferdinandiana has increased in recent years due to its high vitamin C content, however, food safety assessments are lacking. To explore the safety of extracts prepared from T. ferdinandiana using different solvents, in vitro cell viability of undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2, HT29-MTX-E12, and HepG2 cells was measured using the CyQUANT® NF Cell Proliferation Assay. Changes to cell viability produced IC50 values between 3650 and 14400 µg/mL for all extracts and cell lines tested with HepG2 cells impacted the most by T. ferdinandiana extracts, followed by HT29-MTX-E12 cells, and undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells. Different solvents also produced extracts with variable effects on cell viability that were dependent on tissue source, however, extracts from seedcoats appeared to impact cell viability less than fruit extracts. The IC50 values for ellagic acid, an abundant phytochemical in T. ferdinandiana, varied from 1190 to 2390 µg/mL across different cells and were significantly lower than extract IC50 values. Findings from this study will help to inform future safety studies, select which solvents to use when preparing T. ferdinandiana extracts, and decide whether fruit flesh should be separated from seeds during extract preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Akter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Rama Addepalli
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Michael Netzel
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Mary Fletcher
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Simone Osborne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
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Xavier M, Parente IA, Rodrigues PM, Cerqueira MA, Pastrana L, Gonçalves C. Safety and fate of nanomaterials in food: The role of in vitro tests. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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12
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Tarhan O, Spotti MJ. Nutraceutical delivery through nano-emulsions: General aspects, recent applications and patented inventions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111526. [PMID: 33517153 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured emulsions have a significant potential for encasing, transport and delivery of hydrophilic and lipophilic nutraceuticals and other bioactive compounds by providing enhanced stability and functionality in food and pharmaceutical applications. As highlighted in recent researches, essential fatty acids (EFA) and oils (EO), antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, pro and prebiotics, and co-enzymes, are common bioactives encapsulated in nanoscale delivery systems in order to protect them from degradation during processing and storage, and to improve bioavailability after their consumption. Nanoemulsions (NEs) as delivery systems for nutraceuticals comprise either oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) biphasic dispersion with nano-sized droplets, which are stabilized through an active surfactant. Both high- and low- energy methods are used to produce well-structured and stable NEs with advanced structural and rheological features. The in vitro and in vivo studies are focused to assess the nutraceutical releasing profile, gastrointestinal transportation and cytotoxicity of nutraceutical loaded NE. Within the last three decades, a number of NE systems have been developed for certain purposes and submitted for patent approval. Currently, there are many issued patents published as well as and applications under process. This review focus on the current status of food-grade NEs in terms of formation, characterization, relevant applications of nutraceutical delivery, and the recent developments including patented systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Tarhan
- Food Engineering Department, Uşak University, 1 Eylül Campus, 64100, Uşak, Turkey.
| | - Maria Julia Spotti
- Food Technology Institute, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, National University of Litoral, 1 de Mayo 3250, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Exploring the effects of carrier oil type on in vitro bioavailability of β-carotene: A cell culture study of carotenoid-enriched nanoemulsions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Marchese E, D’onofrio N, Balestrieri ML, Castaldo D, Ferrari G, Donsì F. Bergamot essential oil nanoemulsions: antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 75:279-290. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2019-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bergamot essential oil (BEO) is well-known for its food preservation activity, as well as anticancer efficacy. However, the poor BEO water solubility and deriving low bioaccessibility have limited its wider applications. The incorporation in nanoemulsions of BEO and its refined fractions was investigated to enhance its dispersibility in water to promote its antimicrobial activity, tested against Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its cytotoxicity already at low concentrations. Different nanoemulsion formulations were tested based on food-grade ingredients, which were characterized in terms of hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index, and physical stability. The antimicrobial activity against all the tested micro-organisms was observed to be higher for BEO in its initial composition, than the light fraction, richer in d-limonene, ß-pinene, and γ-terpinene, or the heavy fraction, richer in linalyl acetate and linalool. Remarkably, the use of BEO nanoemulsions notably enhanced the antimicrobial activity for all the tested oils. BEO exhibited also a measurable cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cells, which was also enhanced by the use of the different nanoemulsions tested, in comparison with free oil, which discourages the direct use of BEO nanoemulsions as a food preservative. Conversely, BEO nanoemulsions might find use in therapeutic applications as anticarcinogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Marchese
- Department of Industrial Engineering , University of Salerno , via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 , Fisciano , Italy
| | - Nunzia D’onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” , Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine , Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” , Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 , Napoli , Italy
| | - Domenico Castaldo
- ProdAl Scarl , via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 , Fisciano , Italy
- Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA), Azienda Speciale della CCIAA di Reggio Calabria , Via Generale Tommasini 2, 89127 , Reggio Calabria , Italy
- Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (MiSE) , Via Molise 2 , Roma , Italy
| | - Giovanna Ferrari
- Department of Industrial Engineering , University of Salerno , via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 , Fisciano , Italy
- ProdAl Scarl , via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 , Fisciano , Italy
| | - Francesco Donsì
- Department of Industrial Engineering , University of Salerno , via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 , Fisciano , Italy
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Yao M, Li Z, Julian McClements D, Tang Z, Xiao H. Design of nanoemulsion-based delivery systems to enhance intestinal lymphatic transport of lipophilic food bioactives: Influence of oil type. Food Chem 2020; 317:126229. [PMID: 32078989 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The impact of nanoemulsions containing triglycerides with different fatty acid chain lengths on the bioavailability of a highly lipophilic bioactive: 5-demethylnobiletin (5-DN) was investigated. 5-DN was encapsulated in nanoemulsions fabricated using either medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) or long-chain triglycerides (LCT). They were then subjected to in vitro digestion, and the resulting mixed micelles was applied to a Caco-2 cell model. Higher 5-DN bioaccessibility was found for the MCT-nanoemulsion (13%) than for the LCT-nanoemulsion (7%). However, only 30% 5-DN in MCT crossed the Caco-2 monolayer and 50% was metabolized, while 60% 5-DN in LCT crossed the monolayer and only 10% was metabolized. More lipid droplets and chylomicrons were also formed for the LCT nanoemulsions, indicating greater 5-DN transported through lymph. Although MCT gave a higher 5-DN bioaccessibility, the final amount of 5-DN absorbed and transported to the lymph was inferior to that of the LCT formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Yao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhengze Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Zhonghai Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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Nunes R, Pereira BD, Cerqueira MA, Silva P, Pastrana LM, Vicente AA, Martins JT, Bourbon AI. Lactoferrin-based nanoemulsions to improve the physical and chemical stability of omega-3 fatty acids. Food Funct 2020; 11:1966-1981. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02307k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids are highly susceptible to oxidation and have an intense odour and poor water solubility, which make their direct applications in foods extremely difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nunes
- Centre of Biological Engineering
- University of Minho
- Braga
- Portugal
| | - Beatriz D'Avó Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering
- University of Minho
- Braga
- Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory
| | | | - Pedro Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering
- University of Minho
- Braga
- Portugal
| | | | | | - Joana T. Martins
- Centre of Biological Engineering
- University of Minho
- Braga
- Portugal
| | - Ana I. Bourbon
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory
- Braga
- Portugal
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17
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Thrifty, Rapid Intestinal Monolayers (TRIM) Using Caco-2 Epithelial Cells for Oral Drug Delivery Experiments. Pharm Res 2019; 36:172. [PMID: 31659456 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caco-2 monolayers are the most common model of the intestinal epithelium and are critical to the development of oral drug delivery strategies and gastrointestinal disease treatments. However, current monolayer systems are cost- and/or time-intensive, hampering progress. This study evaluates two separate methods to reduce resource input: FB Essence as a fetal bovine serum (FBS) alternative and a new, 3-day Caco-2 system deemed "thrifty, rapid intestinal monolayers" (TRIM). METHODS Caco-2 cells were cultured with FB Essence and compared to cells in 10% FBS for proliferation and monolayer formation. TRIM were compared to commonly-used 21-day and Corning® HTS monolayer systems, as well as mouse intestines, for permeability behavior, epithelial gene expression, and tight junction arrangement. RESULTS No amount of FB Essence maintained Caco-2 cells beyond 10 passages. In contrast, TRIM compared favorably in permeability and gene expression to intestinal tissues. Furthermore, TRIM cost $109 and required 1.3 h of time per 24-well plate, compared to $164 and 3.7 h for 21-day monolayers, and $340 plus 1.0 h for the HTS system. CONCLUSIONS TRIM offer a new approach to generating Caco-2 monolayers that resemble the intestinal epithelium. They are anticipated to accelerate the pace of in vitro intestinal experiments while easing financial burden.
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18
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Dey TK, Koley H, Ghosh M, Dey S, Dhar P. Effects of nano-sizing on lipid bioaccessibility and ex vivo bioavailability from EPA-DHA rich oil in water nanoemulsion. Food Chem 2019; 275:135-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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19
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Production of a microbial emulsifier with biotechnological potential for environmental applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 174:459-466. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Sajid M, Mehmood S, Niu C, Yuan Y, Yue T. Effective Adsorption of Patulin from Apple Juice by Using Non-Cytotoxic Heat-Inactivated Cells and Spores of Alicyclobacillus Strains. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E344. [PMID: 30149638 PMCID: PMC6162514 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10090344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a major threat to many food products, especially apple and apple products, causing human health risks and economic losses. The aim of this study was to remove PAT from apple juice by using the heat-inactivated (HI) cells and spores of seven Alicyclobacillus strains under controlled conditions. The HI cells and spores of seven strains adsorbed PAT effectively, and the HI cells and spores of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius DSM 451 (A51) showed maximum PAT adsorption capacity of up to 12.621 μg/g by HI cells and 11.751 μg/g by HI spores at 30 °C and pH 4.0 for 24 h. Moreover, the PAT adsorption process followed the pseudo-first order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model; thermodynamic parameters revealed that PAT adsorption is a spontaneous exothermic physisorption process. The results also indicated that PAT adsorption is strain-specific. The HI cells and spores of Alicyclobacillus strains are non-cytotoxic, and the bioadsorption of PAT did not affect the quality of the juice. Furthermore, the cell wall surface plays an important role in the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sajid
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Chen Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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21
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Prakash A, Baskaran R, Paramasivam N, Vadivel V. Essential oil based nanoemulsions to improve the microbial quality of minimally processed fruits and vegetables: A review. Food Res Int 2018; 111:509-523. [PMID: 30007714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the convenience and nutritional value, minimally processed fruits and vegetables (MPFV) are one of the rapid growing sectors in the food industry. However, their microbiological safety is a cause of great concern. Essential oils (EOs), known for potent antimicrobial efficacy have been shown to reduce microbial load in MPFV, but their low water solubility, high volatility and strong organoleptic properties limit their wide use. Encapsulating EOs to nanoemulsion offers a viable remedy for such limitations. Due to the unique properties of the EOs nanoemulsion, there has been an increasing interest in their fabrication and use in food system. The present review article encompasses the overview of the prominent microflora present in MPFV, the recent developments on the fabrication and stability of EOs based nanoemulsion, their in vitro antimicrobial activity and their application in MPFV. This review also discusses the EOs based nanoemulsions antimicrobial mechanism of action and their regulatory issues related to their use. Application of EOs based nanoemulsion either as washing disinfectant or with incorporation into edible coatings have been shown to considerably improve the microbial quality and safety of MPFV. This efficacy has been further shown to increase when combined with other hurdles. However, further studies are required on the toxicity of EOs based nanoemulsion to assure its commercial exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Prakash
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK-II), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Revathy Baskaran
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570020, India
| | - Nithyanand Paramasivam
- Biofilm Biology Lab, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vellingiri Vadivel
- Chemical Biology Lab (ASK-II), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamilnadu, India.
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Martínez-Ballesta MC, Gil-Izquierdo Á, García-Viguera C, Domínguez-Perles R. Nanoparticles and Controlled Delivery for Bioactive Compounds: Outlining Challenges for New "Smart-Foods" for Health. Foods 2018; 7:E72. [PMID: 29735897 PMCID: PMC5977092 DOI: 10.3390/foods7050072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a field of research that has been stressed as a very valuable approach for the prevention and treatment of different human health disorders. This has been stressed as a delivery system for the therapeutic fight against an array of pathophysiological situations. Actually, industry has applied this technology in the search for new oral delivery alternatives obtained upon the modification of the solubility properties of bioactive compounds. Significant works have been made in the last years for testing the input that nanomaterials and nanoparticles provide for an array of pathophysiological situations. In this frame, this review addresses general questions concerning the extent to which nanoparticles offer alternatives that improve therapeutic value, while avoid toxicity, by releasing bioactive compounds specifically to target tissues affected by specific chemical and pathophysiological settings. In this regard, to date, the contribution of nanoparticles to protect encapsulated bioactive compounds from degradation as a result of gastrointestinal digestion and cellular metabolism, to enable their release in a controlled manner, enhancing biodistribution of bioactive compounds, and to allow them to target those tissues affected by biological disturbances has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- MCarment Martínez-Ballesta
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo 25, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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23
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Akhavan S, Assadpour E, Katouzian I, Jafari SM. Lipid nano scale cargos for the protection and delivery of food bioactive ingredients and nutraceuticals. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Zhao C, Shen X, Guo M. Stability of lutein encapsulated whey protein nano-emulsion during storage. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192511. [PMID: 29415071 PMCID: PMC5802924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a hydrophobic carotenoid that has multiple health functions. However, the application of lutein is limited due to its poor solubility in water and instability under certain conditions during storage. Hereby we generated lutein loaded nano-emulsions using whey protein isolate (WPI) or polymerized whey protein isolate (PWP) with assistance of high intensity ultrasound and evaluate their stability during storage at different conditions. We measured the particle size, zeta-potential, physical stability and lutein content change. Results showed that the PWP based nano-emulsion system was not stable in the tested Oil/Water/Ethanol system indicated by the appearance of stratification within only one week. The WPI based nano-emulsion system showed stable physiochemical stability during the storage at 4°C. The lutein content of the system was reduced by only 4% after four weeks storage at 4°C. In conclusion, our whey protein based nano-emulsion system provides a promising strategy for encapsulation of lutein or other hydrophobic bioactive molecules to expand their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xue Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingruo Guo
- Department of food science, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
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25
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Designing of ω-3 PUFA enriched biocompatible nanoemulsion with sesame protein isolate as a natural surfactant: Focus on enhanced shelf-life stability and biocompatibility. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Fabrication and characterization of biocompatible hybrid nanoparticles from spontaneous co-assembly of casein/gliadin and proanthocyanidin. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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28
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Teo A, Lee SJ, Goh KK, Wolber FM. Kinetic stability and cellular uptake of lutein in WPI-stabilised nanoemulsions and emulsions prepared by emulsification and solvent evaporation method. Food Chem 2017; 221:1269-1276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Synthesis and characterization of nontoxic chitosan-coated Fe3O4 particles for patulin adsorption in a juice-pH simulation aqueous. Food Chem 2017; 221:317-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Fabrication and functional attributes of lipidic nanoconstructs of lycopene: An innovative endeavour for enhanced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 152:482-491. [PMID: 28196351 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the anticancer efficacy of lycopene loaded lipidic nanostructured particles. With a homogenization-evaporation technique, lycopene loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (LYC-SLNs) were fabricated with different ratios of biocompatible viz. compritol ATO 888 and gelucire, and evaluated for their micromeretics properties, in vitro release, in vitro cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and apoptosis induced in MCF-7 cells. Effects of anticancer potential of LYC-SLNs on the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX), a well-established anticancer agent, was evaluated thereafter. Cell culture experiments revealed a considerably higher cellular uptake of LYC-SLNs in MCF-7 cells, as compared to the free LYC. The concentration and time dependent cell survival of MCF-7 cells was significantly reduced by LYC-SLNs, as compared to their free LYC counterparts. Additionally, the combined cytotoxicity of the LYC and its nanostructured formulation with MTX was evaluated. The results of cytotoxicity and apoptotic study revealed synergism at all-time points up to 48h. In a nutshell, the combination regimen could be promising approach to improve the therapeutic benefits of anticancer agents.
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31
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Salvia-Trujillo L, Soliva-Fortuny R, Rojas-Graü MA, McClements DJ, Martín-Belloso O. Edible Nanoemulsions as Carriers of Active Ingredients: A Review. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2017; 8:439-466. [PMID: 28125342 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-030216-025908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There has been growing interest in the use of edible nanoemulsions as delivery systems for lipophilic active substances, such as oil-soluble vitamins, antimicrobials, flavors, and nutraceuticals, because of their unique physicochemical properties. Oil-in-water nanoemulsions consist of oil droplets with diameters typically between approximately 30 and 200 nm that are dispersed within an aqueous medium. The small droplet size usually leads to an improvement in stability, gravitational separation, and aggregation. Moreover, the high droplet surface area associated with the small droplet size often leads to a high reactivity with biological cells and macromolecules. As a result, lipid digestibility and bioactive bioavailability are usually higher in nanoemulsions than conventional emulsions, which is an advantage for the development of bioactive delivery systems. In this review, the most important factors affecting nanoemulsion formation and stability are highlighted, and a critical analysis of the potential benefits of using nanoemulsions in food systems is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Salvia-Trujillo
- Department of Food Technology, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain 25198;
| | - Robert Soliva-Fortuny
- Department of Food Technology, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain 25198;
| | - M Alejandra Rojas-Graü
- Department of Food Technology, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain 25198;
| | - D Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Olga Martín-Belloso
- Department of Food Technology, Agrotecnio Center, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain 25198;
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32
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Hurley BP, Pirzai W, Eaton AD, Harper M, Roper J, Zimmermann C, Ladics GS, Layton RJ, Delaney B. An experimental platform using human intestinal epithelial cell lines to differentiate between hazardous and non-hazardous proteins. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 92:75-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Effect of maleylation on physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein isolate. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2016; 53:1784-97. [PMID: 27413206 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein isolate was studied. Acylation increased whiteness value and dissociation of proteins, but reduced free sulfhydryl and disulfide content (p < 0.05). Intrinsic fluorescence emission and FTIR spectra revealed distinct perturbations in maleylated proteins' tertiary and secondary conformations. Increase in surface hydrophobicity, foaming capacity, emulsion stability, protein surface load at oil-water interface and decrease in surface tension at air-water interface, occurred till moderate level of modification. While maleylation impaired foam stability, protein solubility and emulsion capacity were markedly ameliorated (p < 0.05), which are concomitant with decreased droplet size distribution (d 32). In-vitro digestibility and cytotoxicity tests suggested no severe ill-effects of modified proteins, especially up to low degrees of maleylation. The study shows good potential for maleylated rapeseed proteins as functional food ingredient.
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34
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Ni S, Hu C, Sun R, Zhao G, Xia Q. Nanoemulsions-Based Delivery Systems for Encapsulation of Quercetin: Preparation, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Studies. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparations; Hengrui Pharmaceutical co., LTD; Shanghai 200245 China
| | - Caibiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Qiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing 210096 China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology; Suzhou 215123 China
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35
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Arranz E, Corredig M, Guri A. Designing food delivery systems: challenges related to the in vitro methods employed to determine the fate of bioactives in the gut. Food Funct 2016; 7:3319-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00230g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This review discussesin vitroavailable approaches to study delivery and uptake of bioactive compounds and the associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arranz
- Food Science Department
- University of Guelph
- Guelph
- Canada
| | | | - Anilda Guri
- Food Science Department
- University of Guelph
- Guelph
- Canada
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Nanostructured delivery systems in food: latest developments and potential future directions. Curr Opin Food Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for nutraceuticals: Influence of carrier oil type on bioavailability of pterostilbene. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Zhou Z, Jin J, Yue T, Lee TC. Optimization of Covalent Immobilization of Extracellular Ice Nucleators from Erwinia herbicola on Magnetic Fe3O4/Chitosan Nanoparticles for Potential Application in Freeze Concentration. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-014-1318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhou Z, Lin S, Yue T, Lee TC. Adsorption of food dyes from aqueous solution by glutaraldehyde cross-linked magnetic chitosan nanoparticles. J FOOD ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Downey C, Daly F, O’Boyle K. An in vitro approach to assessing a potential drug interaction between MDMA (ecstasy) and caffeine. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:231-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yi J, Lam TI, Yokoyama W, Cheng LW, Zhong F. Cellular uptake of β-carotene from protein stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles prepared by homogenization-evaporation method. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1096-1104. [PMID: 24422504 DOI: 10.1021/jf404073c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With a homogenization-evaporation method, β-carotene (BC) loaded nanoparticles were prepared with different ratios of food-grade sodium caseinate (SC), whey protein isolate (WPI), or soy protein isolate (SPI) to BC and evaluated for their physiochemical stability, in vitro cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake by Caco-2 cells. The particle diameters of the BC loaded nanoparticles with 0.75% SC or 1.0% WPI emulsifiers were 75 and 90 nm, respectively. Mean particle diameters of three BC loaded nanoparticle nanoemulsions increased less than 10% at 4 °C while they increased more at 25 °C (10-76%) during 30 days of storage. The oxidative stability of BC loaded nanoparticles encapsulated by proteins decreased in the following order: SC > WPI > SPI. The retention rates of BC in nanoparticles were 63.5%, 60.5%, and 41.8% for SC, WPI, and SPI, respectively, after 30 days of storage at 25 °C. The BC's chemical stability was improved by increasing the concentration of protein. Both the rate of particle growth and the total BC loss at 25 °C were larger than at 4 °C. The color of BC loaded nanoparticles decreased with increasing storage in the dark without oxygen, similar to the decrease in BC content of nanoparticles at 4 and 25 °C. Almost no cytotoxicity due to BC loaded nanoparticles cellular uptake was observed, especially when diluted 10 times or more. The uptake of BC was significantly improved through nanoparticle delivery systems by 2.6-, 3.4-, and 1.7-fold increase, respectively, for SC, WPI, and SPI, as compared to the free BC. The results of this study indicate that protein stabilized, BC loaded nanoparticles can improve stability and uptake of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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