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Deng W, Zheng H, Zhu Z, Deng Y, Shi Y, Wang D, Zhong Y. Effect of Surfactant Formula on the Film Forming Capacity, Wettability, and Preservation Properties of Electrically Sprayed Sodium Alginate Coats. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112197. [PMID: 37297442 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are always added to coating formulations to ensure good adhesion of edible coatings to a product's surface and to maintain freshness. In this study, the effects of the mix surfactants Tween 20 and Span 80 with different hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) values on the film-forming ability, wettability, and preservation capacity of blueberry sodium alginate coating were investigated. The results indicated that Tween 20 obviously ensured favorable wettability and improved the uniformity and mechanical properties of the resulting film. While the addition of Span 80 reduced the mean particle size of the coating, enhanced the water resistance of the film, and helped to reduce blueberry weight loss. A sodium alginate coating with low viscosity and medium HLB could better inhibit the galactose, sucrose, and linoleic acid metabolism of blueberries, reduce the consumption of phenols, promote the accumulation of flavonoids, and thus display superior coating performance. In summary, sodium alginate coating with medium HLB had comprehensive advantages in film-forming ability and wettability and was conducive to the fresh-keeping role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Deng
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huiyuan Zheng
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zichun Zhu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuchen Shi
- Shanghai SOLON Information Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Wang Y, Wu X, Lu Y, Fu H, Liu S, Zhao J, Long C. Ferric Chloride Controls Citrus Anthracnose by Inducing the Autophagy Activity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020230. [PMID: 36836344 PMCID: PMC9962583 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causes citrus anthracnose, which seriously endangers the pre-harvest production and post-harvest storage of citrus due to its devastating effects on fruit quality, shelf life, and profits. However, although some chemical agents have been proven to effectively control this plant disease, little to no efforts have been made to identify effective and safe anti-anthracnose alternatives. Therefore, this study assessed and verified the inhibitory effect of ferric chloride (FeCl3) against C. gloeosporioides. Our findings demonstrated that FeCl3 could effectively inhibit C. gloeosporioides spore germination. After FeCl3 treatment, the germination rate of the spores in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) groups decreased by 84.04% and 89.0%, respectively. Additionally, FeCl3 could effectively inhibit the pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides in vivo. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses demonstrated the occurrence of wrinkled and atrophic mycelia. Moreover, FeCl3 induced autophagosome formation in the test pathogen, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. Additionally, a positive correlation was identified between the FeCl3 concentration and the damage rate of the fungal sporophyte cell membrane, as the staining rates of the control (untreated), 1/2 MIC, and MIC FeCl3 treatment groups were 1.87%, 6.52%, and 18.15%, respectively. Furthermore, the ROS content in sporophyte cells increased by 3.6%, 29.27%, and 52.33% in the control, 1/2 MIC, and MIC FeCl3 groups, respectively. Therefore, FeCl3 could reduce the virulence and pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides. Finally, FeCl3-handled citrus fruit exhibited similar physiological qualities to water-handled fruit. The results show that FeCl3 may prove to be a good substitute for the treatment of citrus anthracnose in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Guangxi Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Citrus Breeding and Cultivation Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yongqing Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huimin Fu
- Guangxi Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Citrus Breeding and Cultivation Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chaoan Long
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Wuhan 430070, China
- National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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Cunha AG, Brito ES, Moura CF, Ribeiro PR, Miranda MRA. UPLC–qTOF-MS/MS-based phenolic profile and their biosynthetic enzyme activity used to discriminate between cashew apple ( Anacardium occidentale L.) maturation stages. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1051:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Salla TD, Astarita LV, Santarém ER. Defense responses in plants of Eucalyptus elicited by Streptomyces and challenged with Botrytis cinerea. PLANTA 2016; 243:1055-1070. [PMID: 26794965 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Elicitation of E. grandis plants with Streptomyces PM9 reduced the gray-mold disease, through increasing the levels of enzymes directly related to the induction of plant defense responses, and accumulation of specific phenolic compounds. Members of Eucalyptus are economically important woody species, especially as a raw material in many industrial sectors. Species of this genus are susceptible to pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea (gray mold). Biological control of plant diseases using rhizobacteria is one alternative to reduce the use of pesticides and pathogen attack. This study evaluated the metabolic and phenotypic responses of Eucalyptus grandis and E. globulus plants treated with Streptomyces sp. PM9 and challenged with the pathogenic fungus B. cinerea. Metabolic responses were evaluated by assessing the activities of the enzymes polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase as well as the levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The incidence and progression of the fungal disease in PM9-treated plants and challenged with B. cinerea were evaluated. Treatment with Streptomyces sp. PM9 and challenge with B. cinerea led to changes in the activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase as well as in the levels of phenolic compounds in the plants at different time points. Alterations in enzymes of PM9-treated plants were related to early defense responses in E. grandis. Gallic and chlorogenic acids were on average more abundant, although caffeic acid, benzoic acid and catechin were induced at specific time points during the culture period. Treatment with Streptomyces sp. PM9 significantly delayed the establishment of gray mold in E. grandis plants. These results demonstrate the action of Streptomyces sp. PM9 in inducing plant responses against B. cinerea, making this organism a potential candidate for biological control in Eucalyptus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiris D Salla
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 12C, sala 213, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro V Astarita
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 12C, sala 213, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Eliane R Santarém
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 12C, sala 213, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil.
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Zhou Y, Li S, Zeng K. Exogenous nitric oxide-induced postharvest disease resistance in citrus fruit to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:505-512. [PMID: 25639938 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in numerous plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. To investigate the effects of NO on the control of postharvest anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in citrus fruit and its possible mechanisms, citrus fruit were treated with an NO donor. RESULTS The results showed that exogenous NO released from 50 µmol L(-1) sodium nitroprusside aqueous solution could effectively reduce the disease incidence and lesion diameter of citrus fruit inoculated with C. gloeosporioides during storage at 20 °C. Exogenous NO could regulate hydrogen peroxide levels, stimulate the synthesis of phenolic compounds, and induce phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase activities, and the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. Furthermore, exogenous NO could inhibit weight loss, improve the ascorbic acid and titratable acidity content, and delay the increase in total soluble solids content in citrus fruit during storage at 20 °C. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the use of exogenous NO is a potential method for inducing the disease resistance of fruit to fungal pathogens and for extending the postharvest life of citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunmin Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
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