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Development of a Pass-through SPE Cartridge for the Rapid Determination of Fipronil and Its Metabolites in Chicken Eggs by LC-MS/MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li S, Tang X, Lu Y, Xu J, Chen J, Chen H. An improved method for the separation of carotenoids and carotenoid isomers by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:539-548. [PMID: 33200871 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids consist of a series of conjugated isoprene units that are characteristically highly conjugated through double bonds, leading to the formation of many isomers that are susceptible to oxidation and other chemical modifications. Extreme hydrophobicity and high complexity make carotenoids difficult to identify and quantify. We implemented the use of a common Syncronis C18 column with strong eluting solvent, here isopropanol, to successfully separate a mixture of 23 carotenoids standards with different structural properties. In addition, the method differentiated between three groups of isomeric carotenoids (lycopene/δ-carotene/γ-carotene/ε-carotene/α-carotene/β-carotene, α-cryptoxanthin/β-cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin/lutein) by optimizing the gradient profile and using liquid chrmatography-mass spectrometry. The LOD ranged from 0.05 to 5.51 ng/mL, and the recovery of carotenoids in Mytilus coruscus was from 63.54 to 93.25%, with standard deviations <10%. Twenty-five carotenoids were detected with a total content of 857 ± 55.1 mg/kg, and three isomeric carotenoids were identified: ε-carotene, α-carotene, and β-carotene. Our results show that this methodology is a significant improvement over other alternatives for analyzing carotenoids because of its compatibility with carotenoids of different categories, and most importantly, its ability to resolve isomeric carotenes, which is significant not only for assessing carotenoid species, but also for the tracing of metabolic pathways of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,Food Testing Laboratory, Ningbo Customs Technology Center, Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Haimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Liu B, Zhou Q, Zhu J, Lin G, Yu D, Ao T. Time course of nutritional and functional property changes in egg yolk from laying hens fed docosahexaenoic acid-rich microalgae. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4616-4625. [PMID: 32868006 PMCID: PMC7598007 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine microalgae (MA) has received wide attention as a promising source of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) enrichment in animal products to improve the health status and wellbeing of the consumers. This study evaluated dynamic changes in n-3 LC-PUFA, color, and functional properties as well as atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices of egg yolk from hens fed graded levels (0, 0.5, and 1.0%) of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)–rich MA (Aurantiochytrium sp.) during a 56-D feeding period. Egg freshness parameters and yolk lipid oxidative stability were also measured after 0, 14, and 28 D of refrigerated storage. The hen performance and egg quality (except for yolk color) were not affected (P > 0.05) by MA supplementation. Docosahexaenoic acid contents in yolk from hens fed 1.0% MA increased quadratically with feeding time with a plateau at about 30 D (P < 0.05). Afterward, the DHA content leveled off to a constant value (946.3 mg/100 g yolk) with the n-6/n-3 ratio at 3.5: 1. Dietary inclusion of 1.0% of MA also significantly decreased the atherogenic and thrombogenic indices of yolk lipid (P < 0.05). Because the microalgal carotenoids incorporated into egg yolk, the L∗ value of yolk from hens fed MA decreased whereas a∗ value increased (P < 0.05), corresponding to yolk Roche color scores. As expected, there were no significant changes in yolk functional properties (e.g., viscosity and emulsifying activity) related to DHA enrichment (P > 0.05). Microalgal carotenoids enrichment also helped attenuate fatty acid oxidation of the DHA-enriched yolk and increase their lipid oxidative stability. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with up to 1.0% of MA significantly increased DHA contents with more health-promoting n-6/n-3 ratio and atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, as well as more intense yolk color within consumers' acceptability, and the feeding strategy had a minimal impact on yolk physical and functional properties or oxidative stability during subsequent refrigerated storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Institute of Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Institute of Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Institute of Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Gang Lin
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agricultural Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Dongyou Yu
- Institute of Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Tuoying Ao
- Center for Applied Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
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Wang J, Jia R, Celi P, Ding X, Bai S, Zeng Q, Mao X, Xu S, Zhang K. Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves the antioxidant capacity of eggs. Food Funct 2020; 11:534-543. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02157d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with EGCG led to an increase in egg antioxidant activity and antioxidant chemical substances, tryptophan and carotenoid. This may be associated with its increasing effect on the oxidative stress related regulators expression (P38MAPK, Nrf2 and HO-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Ru Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Pietro Celi
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
- DSM Nutritional Products
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Shiping Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
| | - Keying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition
- Ministry of Education
- Animal Nutrition Institute
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu
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A comparison study of five different methods to measure carotenoids in biofortified yellow cassava (Manihot esculenta). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209702. [PMID: 30592746 PMCID: PMC6310354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The most commonly used method for measuring carotenoid concentration is high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Nevertheless, easier, quicker, and less costly proxy methods exist. We aimed to determine the diagnostic performance of several proxy methods: the spectrophotometer, iCheck Carotene, and near-infrared spectroscopy using both a desktop (dNIRS) and a portable (pNIRS) device for the measurement of total carotenoid concentration (TCC) and all-trans-β-carotene concentration (trans-BC) in 30 fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) storage roots in comparison with HPLC. The spectrophotometer presented the highest predictability for TCC, followed by iCheck, dNIRS, and pNIRS. The dNIRS showed the highest predictability and agreement for trans-BC. The pNIRS showed the poorest repeatability and greatest underestimations compared with HPLC. The agreement between all methods was lower for higher carotenoid concentration, with the exception of the spectrophotometer. According to our results, and for screening purposes, the measurement of carotenoids in fresh cassava roots can be carried out by spectrophotometer, iCheck Carotene and NIRS methods depending on the availability of equipment.
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Spasevski N, Dragojlović D, Čolović D, Vidosavljević S, Peulić T, Rakita S, Kokić B. Influence of dietary carrot and paprika on egg physical characteristics and yolk color. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr1801059s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Abate-Pella D, Freund DM, Slovin JP, Hegeman AD, Cohen JD. An improved method for fast and selective separation of carotenoids by LC-MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1067:34-37. [PMID: 28985484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are a large class of compounds that are biosynthesized by condensation of isoprene units in plants, fungi, bacteria, and some animals. They are characteristically highly conjugated through double bonds, which lead to many isomers as well susceptibility to oxidation and other chemical modifications. Carotenoids are important because of their potent antioxidant activity and are the pigments responsible for color in a wide variety of foods. Human consumption is correlated to many health benefits including prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and age-related disease. Extreme hydrophobicity, poor stability, and low concentration in biological samples make these compounds difficult to analyze and difficult to develop analytical methods for aimed towards identification and quantification. Examples in the literature frequently report the use of exotic stationary phases, solvents, and additives, such as ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and methyl tert-butyl ether that are incompatible with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In order to address these issues, we implemented the use of LC-MS friendly conditions using a low-hydrophobicity cyano-propyl column (Agilent Zorbax SB-CN). We successfully differentiated between isomeric carotenoids by optimizing two gradient methods and using a mixture of 11 standards and LC-MS in positive ionization mode. Three complex biological samples from strawberry leaf, chicken feed supplement, and the photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus were analyzed and several carotenoids were resolved in these diverse backgrounds. Our results show this methodology is a significant improvement over other alternatives for analyzing carotenoids because of its ease of use, rapid analysis time, high selectivity, and, most importantly, its compatibility with typical LC-MS conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Abate-Pella
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA; Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Dana M Freund
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA; Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
| | - Janet P Slovin
- Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, USDA/ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Adrian D Hegeman
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA; Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jerry D Cohen
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA; Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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Zaheer K. Hen egg carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and nutritional impacts on human health: a review. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2016.1266033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Zaheer
- Health and Nutrition, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Lutein Specific Relationships among Some Spectrophotometric and Colorimetric Parameters of Chicken Egg Yolk. J Poult Sci 2017; 54:271-277. [PMID: 32908436 PMCID: PMC7477263 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0160065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is an essential dietary carotenoid with health benefits and is inter alia responsible for the colouration of egg yolk. The relationship between lutein accumulation and egg yolk colouration was therefore studied in more detail. After feeding a low-luteine diet for 21 days, 14 birds (Lohmann brown hens aged 20 weeks) were fed a diet containing marigold (80 mg lutein/kg feed) and 14 other birds were fed a diet containing oleoresin (45 mg lutein/kg feed) for 21 days; for both groups of birds, this feeding period was followed by withdrawal for 21 days. The Roche Yolk Colour Fan (RYCF) score (0 to 15, where higher values denote greater colour intensity; R2=0.87; P<0.01) and redness (R2=0.89; P<0.01) increased with increasing lutein content of egg yolk. Total carotenoid content had a poor relationship with lightness (R2=0.13; P>0.05) and yellowness (R2=0.12; P>0.05) of the yolk. It may be concluded that increased lutein is potentially responsible for an increased RYCF score and redness (a*), but decreased yellowness (b*) and lightness (L*), of egg yolk.
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Esatbeyoglu T, Rimbach G. Canthaxanthin: From molecule to function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science; University of Kiel; Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science; University of Kiel; Germany
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Islam KMS, Khalil M, Männer K, Raila J, Rawel H, Zentek J, Schweigert FJ. Effect of dietary α-tocopherol on the bioavailability of lutein in laying hen. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 100:868-75. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. M. S. Islam
- Department of Animal Nutrition; Bangladesh Agricultural University; Mymensingh Bangladesh
- Institute of Nutritional Science; University of Potsdam; Nuthetal Germany
| | - M. Khalil
- Institute of Nutritional Science; University of Potsdam; Nuthetal Germany
| | - K. Männer
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Freie University; Berlin Germany
| | - J. Raila
- Institute of Nutritional Science; University of Potsdam; Nuthetal Germany
| | - H. Rawel
- Institute of Nutritional Science; University of Potsdam; Nuthetal Germany
| | - J. Zentek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition; Freie University; Berlin Germany
| | - F. J. Schweigert
- Institute of Nutritional Science; University of Potsdam; Nuthetal Germany
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