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Ziyatdinova G, Antonova T, Davletshin R. Voltammetric Sensor Based on the Poly( p-aminobenzoic Acid) for the Simultaneous Quantification of Aromatic Aldehydes as Markers of Cognac and Brandy Quality. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2348. [PMID: 36850946 PMCID: PMC9960838 DOI: 10.3390/s23042348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cognac and brandy quality control is an actual topic in food analysis. Aromatic aldehydes, particularly syringaldehyde and vanillin, are one of the markers used for these purposes. Therefore, simple and express methods for their simultaneous determination are required. The voltammetric sensor based on the layer-by-layer combination of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and electropolymerized p-aminobenzoic acid (p-ABA) provides full resolution of the syringaldehyde and vanillin oxidation peaks. Optimized conditions of p-ABA electropolymerization (100 µM monomer in Britton-Robinson buffer pH 2.0, twenty cycles in the polarization window of -0.5 to 2.0 V with a potential scan rate of 100 mV·s-1) were found. The poly(p-ABA)-based electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Electrooxidation of syringaldehyde and vanillin is an irreversible two-electron diffusion-controlled process. In the differential pulse mode, the sensor allows quantification of aromatic aldehydes in the ranges of 0.075-7.5 and 7.5-100 µM for syringaldehyde and 0.50-7.5 and 7.5-100 µM for vanillin with the detection limits of 0.018 and 0.19 µM, respectively. The sensor was applied to cognac and brandy samples and compared to chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Ziyatdinova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Tatyana Antonova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Rustam Davletshin
- Department of High Molecular and Organoelement Compounds, Kazan Federal University, Kremleyevskaya 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
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Magerusan L, Pogacean F, Pruneanu S. Eco-friendly synthesis of sulphur-doped graphenes with applicability in caffeic acid electrochemical assay. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108228. [PMID: 35970121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new electrode based on glassy carbon modified with a sulphur-doped graphene material was successfully developed and applied for caffeic acid (CA) voltammetric detection and quantification. The structural features of sulphur-doped graphene (exfGR-S) characterized by different physicochemical and analytical techniques are presented. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique was employed to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of both bare glassy carbon (GCE) and modified GCE/exfGr-S electrodes towards CA oxidation. The study revealed that the modified electrode exhibits superior electrochemical performances compared to the bare electrode, with a broad CA detecting range (from 0.1 to 100.0 µM), a low detection limit 3.03 × 10-8 M), excellent anti-interference capabilities, as well as good stability and repeatability. The developed electrochemical sensor appears to be a promising candidate for real sample quality control analysis since it successfully displayed its ability to directly detect CA in commercially available coffee product without any pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Magerusan
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat Street, No. 67-103, RO, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Florina Pogacean
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat Street, No. 67-103, RO, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Stela Pruneanu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat Street, No. 67-103, RO, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Brainina KZ, Shpigun LK. State‐of‐the‐art electrochemistry for the assessment of oxidative stress and integral antioxidant activity of biological environments. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khiena Z. Brainina
- Laboratory of analytical chemisty and separation methods N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Liliya K. Shpigun
- Laboratory of analytical chemisty and separation methods N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
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Analytical Capabilities of Coulometric Sensor Systems in the Antioxidants Analysis. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9050091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The definition of antioxidants (AOs), their classification and properties as well as electrochemical sensor systems for AOs analysis are briefly discussed. The analytical capabilities of coulometric titration with electrogenerated titrants as sensor systems for AOs determination have been considered in detail. The attention focused on the individual AO quantification that was mainly used in the pharmaceutical analysis and estimation of total antioxidant parameters (total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing power (FRP) and ceric reducing/antioxidant capacity (CRAC)) allowing the fast screening of the target samples including their quality control. The main advantages of coulometric sensor systems are pointed out. The selective quantification of individual AO in a complex matrix using a combination of chromatography with coulometric or coulometric array detection under potentiostatic mode is discussed. The future development of coulometric sensor systems for AOs analysis is focused on the application of novel coulometric titrants and the application of coulometric detection in flow injection analysis.
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Abstract
Antioxidants are compounds that prevent or delay the oxidation process, acting at a much smaller concentration, in comparison to that of the preserved substrate. Primary antioxidants act as scavenging or chain breaking antioxidants, delaying initiation or interrupting propagation step. Secondary antioxidants quench singlet oxygen, decompose peroxides in non-radical species, chelate prooxidative metal ions, inhibit oxidative enzymes. Based on antioxidants’ reactivity, four lines of defense have been described: Preventative antioxidants, radical scavengers, repair antioxidants, and antioxidants relying on adaptation mechanisms. Carbon-based electrodes are largely employed in electroanalysis given their special features, that encompass large surface area, high electroconductivity, chemical stability, nanostructuring possibilities, facility of manufacturing at low cost, and easiness of surface modification. Largely employed methods encompass voltammetry, amperometry, biamperometry and potentiometry. Determination of key endogenous and exogenous individual antioxidants, as well as of antioxidant activity and its main contributors relied on unmodified or modified carbon electrodes, whose analytical parameters are detailed. Recent advances based on modifications with carbon-nanotubes or the use of hybrid nanocomposite materials are described. Large effective surface area, increased mass transport, electrocatalytical effects, improved sensitivity, and low detection limits in the nanomolar range were reported, with applications validated in complex media such as foodstuffs and biological samples.
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The Importance of Developing Electrochemical Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for a Rapid Detection of Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030382. [PMID: 33806514 PMCID: PMC8001462 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to pin out the importance of developing a technique for rapid detection of antioxidants, based on molecular imprinting techniques. It covers three major areas that have made great progress over the years in the field of research, namely: antioxidants characterization, molecular imprinting and electrochemistry, alone or combined. It also reveals the importance of bringing these three areas together for a good evaluation of antioxidants in a simple or complex medium, based on selectivity and specificity. Although numerous studies have associated antioxidants with molecular imprinting, or antioxidants with electrochemistry, but even electrochemistry with molecular imprinting to valorize different compounds, the growing prominence of antioxidants in the food, medical, and paramedical sectors deserves to combine the three areas, which may lead to innovative industrial applications with satisfactory results for both manufacturers and consumers.
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Yi H, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Yang X. Potentiometric and UV-Vis spectrophotometric titrations for evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of chicoric acid. RSC Adv 2020; 10:11876-11882. [PMID: 35496633 PMCID: PMC9050702 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01248c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentiometric/spectrophotometric titrations have revealed the antioxidation behavior and mechanisms of chicoric acid (ChA, versus trolox) against ABTS˙+ radical cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Yi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- China
| | - Qingji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education)
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
- China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province
- School of Medicine
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410013
- China
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Electrochemical Sensing of Caffeic Acid Using Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Layer by Sinusoidal Voltage Procedure. CHEMOSENSORS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors7040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The increasing demand for sensitive electrochemical sensors in various medical and industrial applications promotes the fabrication of novel sensing materials with improved electrocatalytic and analytical performances. This work deals with the development of a composite material based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) layer for electrochemical determination of caffeic acid (CA). CA is a phenolic compound with excellent antioxidant properties that is present in vegetables, fruits, and alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Its analytical quantification is of great interest in food production monitoring and healthcare applications. Therefore, the development of sensitive analytical devices for CA monitoring is required. The AuNPs have been prepared in situ onto PEDOT coated glassy carbon electrode (GC) by means of an innovative procedure consisting on the use of a sinusoidal voltage (SV) superimposed on a constant potential. The physico-chemical properties of the PEDOT-AuNPs composite material were investigated by a range of techniques including cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, and scanning electron microscopy. The glassy carbon electrode/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-gold nanoparticles-sinusoidal voltage (GC/PEDOT-AuNPs-SV) sensor exhibited good analytical performance toward the CA quantification with a linear response over a wide concentration range from 10 µM to 1 mM. In addition, the proposed GC/PEDOT-AuNPs-SV sensor was successfully applied in the determination of total polyphenols content expressed as equivalents of CA in juice samples.
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Simultaneous voltammetric determination of gallic and ellagic acids in cognac and brandy using electrode modified with functionalized SWNT and poly(pyrocatechol violet). FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sánchez Arribas A, Moreno M, Moreno GA, Bermejo E, Zapardiel A, Chicharro M. Characterization of White Wines by Electrochemical Indexes Obtained Using Carbon Nanotube-modified Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Sánchez Arribas
- Dpto. Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid Spain
| | - Mónica Moreno
- Dpto. Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid Spain
| | - Gabriel A. Moreno
- Dpto. Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid Spain
| | - Esperanza Bermejo
- Dpto. Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid Spain
| | - Antonio Zapardiel
- Dpto. Ciencias Analíticas.; Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia.; P° Senda del Rey 9 Madrid Spain
| | - Manuel Chicharro
- Dpto. Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Madrid Spain
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Muñoz R, García-Hernández C, Medina-Plaza C, García-Cabezón C, Fernández-Escudero JA, Barajas E, Medrano G, Rodriguez-Méndez ML. A different approach for the analysis of grapes: Using the skin as sensing element. Food Res Int 2018; 107:544-550. [PMID: 29580518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an alternative method to monitor the phenolic maturity of grapes was developed. In this approach, the skins of grapes were used to cover the surface of carbon paste electrodes and the voltammetric signals obtained with the skin-modified sensors were used to obtain information about the phenolic content of the skins. These sensors could easily detect differences in the phenolic composition of different Spanish varieties of grapes (Mencía, Prieto Picudo and Juan García). Moreover, sensors were able to monitor changes in the phenolic content throughout the ripening process from véraison until harvest. Using PLS-1 (Partial Least Squares), correlations were established between the voltammetric signals registered with the skin-modified sensors and the phenolic content measured by classical methods (Glories or Total Polyphenol Index). PLS-1 models provided additional information about Brix degree, density or sugar content, which usually used to establish the harvesting date. The quality of the correlations was influenced by the maturation process and the structural and mechanical skin properties. Thus the skin sensors fabricated with Juan García and Prieto Picudo grapes (that showed faster polyphenolic maturation and a higher amount of extractable polyphenols than Mencía), showed good correlations and therefore could be used to monitor the ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz
- Group of Sensors UVASENS, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Dept. Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - J A Fernández-Escudero
- Estación Enológica de Castilla y León, C/Santísimo Cristo, 26, 47490 Rueda, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Enrique Barajas
- ITACYL Avenida de Burgos, KM.118, Finca Zamadueñas, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Germán Medrano
- R&D Dept. Bodega Cooperativa de Cigales, C/Las Bodegas, s/n, 47270 Cigales, Valladolid, Spain
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12
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Della Pelle F, Compagnone D. Nanomaterial-Based Sensing and Biosensing of Phenolic Compounds and Related Antioxidant Capacity in Food. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18020462. [PMID: 29401719 PMCID: PMC5854963 DOI: 10.3390/s18020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds (PCs) have received exceptional attention at the end of the past millennium and as much at the beginning of the new one. Undoubtedly, these compounds in foodstuffs provide added value for their well-known health benefits, for their technological role and also marketing. Many efforts have been made to provide simple, effective and user friendly analytical methods for the determination and antioxidant capacity (AOC) evaluation of food polyphenols. In a parallel track, over the last twenty years, nanomaterials (NMs) have made their entry in the analytical chemistry domain; NMs have, in fact, opened new paths for the development of analytical methods with the common aim to improve analytical performance and sustainability, becoming new tools in quality assurance of food and beverages. The aim of this review is to provide information on the most recent developments of new NMs-based tools and strategies for total polyphenols (TP) determination and AOC evaluation in food. In this review optical, electrochemical and bioelectrochemical approaches have been reviewed. The use of nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanomaterials and hybrid materials for the detection of polyphenols is the main subject of the works reported. However, particular attention has been paid to the success of the application in real samples, in addition to the NMs. In particular, the discussion has been focused on methods/devices presenting, in the opinion of the authors, clear advancement in the fields, in terms of simplicity, rapidity and usability. This review aims to demonstrate how the NM-based approaches represent valid alternatives to classical methods for polyphenols analysis, and are mature to be integrated for the rapid quality assessment of food quality in lab or directly in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Della Pelle
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64023 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Dario Compagnone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64023 Teramo, Italy.
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Ziyatdinova G, Kozlova E, Budnikov H. Polyquercetin/MWNT-modified Electrode for the Determination of Natural Phenolic Antioxidants. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Ziyatdinova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry; Kazan Federal University, Kremlyevskaya, 18; Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Kozlova
- Analytical Chemistry Department, A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry; Kazan Federal University, Kremlyevskaya, 18; Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
| | - Herman Budnikov
- Analytical Chemistry Department, A. M. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry; Kazan Federal University, Kremlyevskaya, 18; Kazan 420008 Russian Federation
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14
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The effects of enzymatic pre-treatment and type of yeast on chemical properties of white wine. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Ziyatdinova GK, Kozlova EV, Budnikov HC. Chronoamperometric evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of tea on a polyquercetin-modified electrode. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817040189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Issaad FZ, Fernandes IPG, Enache TA, Mouats C, Rodrigues IA, Oliveira-Brett AM. Flavonoids in Selected Mediterranean Fruits: Extraction, Electrochemical Detection and Total Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Zohra Issaad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
- Unité de Recherche de Chimie de l'Environnement et MoléculaireStructurale, CHEMS; Faculté des Sciences Exactes; Campus Chaabet Erssas, Université Constantine 1 25000 Constantine Algeria
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, CRBt, BPE 73; Ali Mendjeli, Nouvelle Ville 25000 Constantine Algeria
| | - Isabel P. G. Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Teodor A. Enache
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Chabane Mouats
- Unité de Recherche de Chimie de l'Environnement et MoléculaireStructurale, CHEMS; Faculté des Sciences Exactes; Campus Chaabet Erssas, Université Constantine 1 25000 Constantine Algeria
| | - Isaide A. Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal do Maranhão; São Luís, Maranhão 12 CEP: 65080-040 Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira-Brett
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology; University of Coimbra; 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
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Determination of polyphenol content and colour index in wines through PEDOT-modified electrodes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7329-38. [PMID: 27236311 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-modified electrodes have been used for the estimation of the polyphenolic content and of the colour index of different samples of wines. Synthetic wine solutions, prepared with different amount of oenocyanins, have been analysed spectrophotometrically and electrochemically in order to find a correlation between the total polyphenolic content or colour index and the current peak. The regression curves obtained have been used as external calibration lines for the analysis of several commercial wines, ranging from white to dark red wines. In this way, a rapid estimation of the total polyphenolic content and of the colour index may be accomplished from a single voltammetric measurement. Furthermore, principal component analysis has also been used to evaluate the effect of total polyphenolic content and colour index on the whole voltammetric signals within a selected potential range, both for the synthetic solutions and for the commercial products. Graphical abstract Electrochemical sensors for the rapid determination of colour index and polyphenol content in wines.
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An Electrochemical Nanosensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) for Detection of Gallic Acid in Fruit Juices. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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