1
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Qu D, Xi L, Li Y, Yang H, Chen X, Jin W, Yan F. Characterizing the composition of volatile compounds in different types of Chinese bacon using GC-MS, E-nose, and GC-IMS. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465056. [PMID: 38878742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Chinese bacon is highly esteemed by consumers worldwide due to its unique aroma. The composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) varies significantly among different types of Chinese bacon. This study analyzed the VOCs of Chinese bacon from Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi, and Shaanxi provinces using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), an electronic nose (E-nose), and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The results demonstrate that the combination of GC-MS and GC-IMS effectively distinguishes Chinese bacon from different regions. Notably, Guangxi bacon lacks a smoky aroma, which sets it apart from the other types. However, it contains many esters that play a crucial role in its flavor profile. In contrast, phenols, including guaiacol, which is typical in smoked bacon, were present in the bacon from Sichuan, Hunan, and Shaanxi but were absent in Guangxi bacon. Furthermore, Hunan bacon exhibited a higher aldehyde content than Sichuan bacon. 2-methyl-propanol and 3-methyl-butanol were identified as characteristic flavor compounds of Zhenba bacon. This study provides a theoretical foundation for understanding and identifying the flavor profiles of Chinese bacon. Using various analytical techniques to investigate the flavor compounds is essential for effectively distinguishing bacon from different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory Bio-resources, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723001, China; QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C.I.C. Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Linjie Xi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China.
| | - Yongkun Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Hanyue Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Wengang Jin
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Fei Yan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory Bio-resources, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723001, China; Qinba State Key Laboratory of biological resources and ecological environment, Shaanxi, Hanzhong 723000, China
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2
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Abstract
Metabolomics aims to profile the extensive array of metabolites that exists in different types of matrices using modern analytical techniques. These techniques help to separate, identify, and quantify the plethora of chemical compounds at various analytical platforms. Hence, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has emerged as an advanced analytical approach, exclusively owing to the 3D separation of metabolites and their isomers. Furthermore, separated metabolites are identified based on their mass fragmentation pattern and CCS (collision cross-section) values. The IMS provides an advanced alternative dimension to separate the isomeric metabolites with enhanced throughput with lesser chemical noise. Thus, the present review highlights the types, factors affecting the resolution, and applications of IMMS (Ion mobility mass spectrometry) for isomeric separations, and ionic contaminants in the plant samples. Furthermore, an overview of IMS-based applications for the identification of plant metabolites (volatile and non-volatile) over the last few decades has been discussed, followed by future assumptions for creating IM-based databases. Such approaches could be significant to accelerate and improve our knowledge of the vast chemical diversity found in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Joshi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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3
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Yu X, Sun Y, Shen X, Li W, Cai H, Guo S, Sun Z. Effect of different isolation sources of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis on volatile metabolites in fermented milk. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101224. [PMID: 38384690 PMCID: PMC10878853 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (L. lactis subsp. lactis) is a commonly used starter cultures in fermented dairy products, contributing distinct flavor and texture characteristics with high application value. However, the strains from different isolates have different contributions to milk fermentation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of L. lactis subsp. lactis isolated from various sources on the volatile metabolites present in fermented milk. In this study, L. lactis subsp. lactis from different isolation sources (yogurt, koumiss and goat yogurt) was utilized as a starter culture for fermentation. The volatile metabolites of fermented milk were subsequently analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrography (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The results indicated significant differences in the structure and abundance of volatile metabolites in fermented milk produced with different isolates (R2Y = 0.96, Q2 = 0.88). Notably, the strains isolated from goat yogurt appeared to enhance the accumulation of ketones (goat yogurt vs yogurt milk: 50 %; goat yogur vs koumiss: 27.3 %)and aldehydes (goat yogurt vs yogurt milk: 21.4 %; goat yogurt vs koumiss: 54.5 %) in fermented milk than strains isolated from koumiss and yogurt milk. It significantly promoted the production of 8 flavor substances (1 substance with OAV ≥ 1 and 6 substances with OAV > 0.1) and enhanced the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine. This study provides valuable insights for the application of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolated from different sources in fermented dairy production and screening of potential starter cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Weicheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Hongyu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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4
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Christmann J, Weber M, Rohn S, Weller P. Nontargeted Volatile Metabolite Screening and Microbial Contamination Detection in Fermentation Processes by Headspace GC-IMS. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3794-3801. [PMID: 38386844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Gas chromatography combined with ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) is a powerful separation and detection technique for volatile organic compounds (VOC). This combination is characterized by exceptionally low detection limits in the low ppbv range, high 2-dimensional selectivity, and robust operation. These qualities make it an ideal tool for nontarget screening approaches. Fermentation broths contain a substantial number of VOC, either from the medium or produced by microbial metabolism, that are currently not regularly measured for process monitoring. In this study, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Levilactobacillus brevis, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were exemplarily used as model organisms and cultivated, and the headspace was analyzed by GC-IMS. Additionally, mixed cultures for every combination of two of the microorganisms were also characterized. Multivariate data analysis of the GC-IMS data revealed that it is possible to differentiate between the microorganisms using PLS-DA with a prediction accuracy of 0.92. The mixed cultures could be separated from the pure cultures with accuracies between 0.87 and 1.00 depending on the organism. GC-IMS data correlate with the optical density and can be used to follow and model growth curves. The root mean squared errors ranged between 10 and 20% of the maximum value, depending on the organism. Peak identification with reference compounds did not reveal specific marker compounds, rather the pattern was found to be responsible for the model performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Christmann
- Institute for Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalysis, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-1, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Weber
- Institute for Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalysis, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-1, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Weller
- Institute for Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalysis, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Ding B, Zhao S, Zhang W, Lin Y, Xiong L. The Effect of Co-Culture with Different Pichia kluyveri and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Volatile Compound and Characteristic Fingerprints of Mulberry Wine. Foods 2024; 13:422. [PMID: 38338556 PMCID: PMC10855979 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, changes in volatile compounds co-fermented by different Pichia kluyveri with Saccharomyces cerevisiae were analyzed using GC-IMS and compared with S. cerevisiae fermentation, to investigate the production of aroma in mulberry wine during the fermentation process. A total of 61 compounds were accurately identified, including 21 esters, 10 alcohols, 8 aldehydes, 6 ketones, and 19 other volatiles. Compared with the single strain fermentation (S. cerevisiae), the content of 2-methylpropyl acetate, allyl Isothiocyanate, ethyl crotonate, isobutyl propanoate, and butyl 2-methylbutanoate, co-fermentation groups (S. cerevisiae with different P. kluyveri) showed a significant decrease. Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and organic acid were lower in both the F(S-P1) and F(S-P2) groups than in the F(S) group throughout fermentation. The 2-methylpentanoic acid only was contained in the F(S) group. The co-fermentation with different P. kluyveri could also be well distinguished. The content of Benzaldehyde and 4-methylphenol in the F(S-P1) group was significantly lower than that in the F(S-P2) group. The PCA results revealed effective differentiation of mulberry wine fermented by different fermentation strains from GC-IMS. The result showed that P. kluyveri could establish a new flavor system for mulberry wine, which plays a crucial role in enhancing the flavor of fruit wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ding
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (B.D.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Shutian Zhao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (B.D.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Wenxue Zhang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (B.D.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.X.)
- School of Liquor-Brewing Engineering, Sichuan University of Jinjiang College, Meishan 620860, China
| | - Ying Lin
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (B.D.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (B.D.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.X.)
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6
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Zhang Q, Tang J, Deng J, Cai Z, Jiang X, Zhu C. Effect of Capsaicin Stress on Aroma-Producing Properties of Lactobacillus plantarum CL-01 Based on E-Nose and GC-IMS. Molecules 2023; 29:107. [PMID: 38202690 PMCID: PMC10780002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin stress, along with salt stress, could be considered the main stressors for lactic acid bacteria in traditional fermented pepper products. Until now, insufficient attention has been paid to salt stress, while the effect of capsaicin on the aroma-producing properties of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is unclear. The present study attempted to illustrate the effect of capsaicin stress on the aroma-producing properties of L. plantarum CL-01 isolated from traditionally fermented peppers based on E-nose and GC-IMS. The results showed that E-nose could clearly distinguish the overall flavor differences of L. plantarum CL-01 under capsaicin stress. A total of 48 volatile compounds (VOCs) were characterized by means of GC-IMS, and the main VOCs belonged to acids and alcohols. Capsaicin stress significantly promoted L. plantarum CL-01 to produce alpha-pinene, ethyl crotonate, isobutyric acid, trans-2-pentenal, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 1-penten-3-one, 2-pentanone, 3-methyl-1-butanol-D, and 2-heptanone (p < 0.05). In addition, under capsaicin stress, the contents of 1-penten-3-one, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 5-methylfurfuryl alcohol, isobutanol, 2-furanmethanethiol, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane, 1-propanethiol, diethyl malonate, acetic acid, beta-myrcene, 2-pentanone, ethyl acetate, trans-2-pentenal, 2-methylbutyl acetate, and 2-heptanone produced by L. plantarum CL-01 were significantly increased along with the fermentation time (p < 0.05). Furthermore, some significant correlations were observed between the response values of specific E-nose sensors and effective VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.Z.); (J.T.); (Z.C.)
| | - Junni Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.Z.); (J.T.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jing Deng
- Cuisine Science Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu 610100, China;
| | - Zijian Cai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.Z.); (J.T.); (Z.C.)
| | - Xiaole Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.Z.); (J.T.); (Z.C.)
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7
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Schaefer C, Lippmann M, Beukers M, Beijer N, van de Kamp B, Knotter J, Zimmermann S. Detection of Triacetone Triperoxide by High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17099-17107. [PMID: 37946366 PMCID: PMC10666079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometry (HiKE-IMS) is a versatile technique for the detection of gaseous target molecules that is particularly useful in complex chemical environments, while the instrumental effort is low. Operating HiKE-IMS at reduced pressures from 10 to 60 mbar results in fewer ion-neutral collisions than at ambient pressure, reducing chemical cross-sensitivities and eliminating the need for a preceding separation dimension, e.g., by gas chromatography. In addition, HiKE-IMS allows operation over a wide range of reduced electric field strengths E/N up to 120 Td, allowing separation of ions by low-field ion mobility and exploiting the field dependence of ion mobility, potentially allowing separation of ion species at high E/N despite similar low-field ion mobilities. Given these advantages, HiKE-IMS can be a useful tool for trace gas analysis such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP) detection. In this study, we employed HiKE-IMS to detect TATP. We explore the ionization of TATP and the field-dependent ion mobilities, providing a database of the ion mobilities depending on E/N. Confirming the literature results, ionization of TATP by proton transfer with H3O+ in HiKE-IMS generates fragments, but using NH4+ as the primary reactant ion leads to the TATP·NH4+ adduct. This adduct fragments at high E/N, which could provide additional information for reliable detection of TATP. Thus, operating HiKE-IMS at variable E/N in the drift region generates a unique fingerprint of TATP made of all ion species related to TATP and their ion mobilities depending on E/N, potentially reducing the rate of false positives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schaefer
- Institute
of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of
Sensors and Measurement Technology, Leibniz
University Hannover, Appelstr. 9A, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Martin Lippmann
- Institute
of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of
Sensors and Measurement Technology, Leibniz
University Hannover, Appelstr. 9A, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Michiel Beukers
- Research
Group Technologies for Criminal Investigations, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, M.H Tromplaan 28, Enschede 7513AB, The Netherlands
- Knowledge
Centre of Digitalization, Intelligence, and Technology, Police Academy of The Netherlands, Arnhemseweg 348, Apeldoorn 7334AC, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Beijer
- Research
Group Technologies for Criminal Investigations, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, M.H Tromplaan 28, Enschede 7513AB, The Netherlands
- Knowledge
Centre of Digitalization, Intelligence, and Technology, Police Academy of The Netherlands, Arnhemseweg 348, Apeldoorn 7334AC, The Netherlands
| | - Ben van de Kamp
- Research
Group Technologies for Criminal Investigations, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, M.H Tromplaan 28, Enschede 7513AB, The Netherlands
- Knowledge
Centre of Digitalization, Intelligence, and Technology, Police Academy of The Netherlands, Arnhemseweg 348, Apeldoorn 7334AC, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Knotter
- Research
Group Technologies for Criminal Investigations, Saxion University of Applied Sciences, M.H Tromplaan 28, Enschede 7513AB, The Netherlands
- Knowledge
Centre of Digitalization, Intelligence, and Technology, Police Academy of The Netherlands, Arnhemseweg 348, Apeldoorn 7334AC, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Institute
of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of
Sensors and Measurement Technology, Leibniz
University Hannover, Appelstr. 9A, Hannover 30167, Germany
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8
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Abdel-Nasser A, Hathout AS, Badr AN, Barakat OS, Fathy HM. Extraction and characterization of bioactive secondary metabolites from lactic acid bacteria and evaluating their antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activity. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 38:e00799. [PMID: 37206916 PMCID: PMC10189384 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxins are toxic carcinogens and mutagens formed by some moulds, specifically Aspergillus spp. Therefore, this study aimed to extract and identify bioactive secondary metabolites from Lactobacillus species, to evaluate their efficacy in reducing fungal growth and aflatoxin production and to investigate their toxicity. The bioactive secondary metabolites of Lactobacillus species showed variable degrees of antifungal activity, whereas L. rhamnosus ethyl acetate extract No. 5 exhibited the highest antifungal activity and, thus, was selected for further identification studies. Data revealed that L. rhamnosus ethyl acetate extract No. 5 produced various organic acids, volatile organic compounds and polyphenols, displayed antifungal activity against A. flavus, and triggered morphological changes in fungal conidiophores and conidiospores. L. rhamnosus ethyl acetate extract No. 5 at a 9 mg/mL concentration reduced AFB1 production by 99.98%. When the effect of L. rhamnosus ethyl acetate extract No. 5 on brine shrimp mortality was studied, the extract attained a 100% mortality at a concentration of 400 µg/mL, with an IC50 of 230 µg/mL. Meanwhile, a mouse bioassay was performed to assess the toxicity of L. rhamnosus ethyl acetate extract No. 5, whereas there were no harmful effects or symptoms in mice injected with L. rhamnosus ethyl acetate extract at concentrations of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mg/kg body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Abdel-Nasser
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Amal S. Hathout
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ahmed N. Badr
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Olfat S. Barakat
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hayam M. Fathy
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
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9
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Zhao L, Wang Y, Wang D, He Z, Gong J, Tan C. Effects of Different Probiotics on the Volatile Components of Fermented Coffee Were Analyzed Based on Headspace-Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102015. [PMID: 37238833 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was used to study the effects of four kinds of probiotics on the volatile components of fermented coffee. The fingerprints showed that 51 compounds were confirmed and quantified, including 13 esters, 11 aldehydes, 9 alcohols, 6 ketones, 3 furans, 5 terpenes (hydrocarbons), 2 organic acids, 1 pyrazine, and 1 sulfur-containing compound. After fermenting, the aroma of the green beans increases while that of the roasted beans decreases. After roasting, the total amount of aroma components in coffee beans increased by 4.48-5.49 times. The aroma differences between fermented and untreated roasted beans were more significant than those between fermented and untreated green beans. HS-GC-IMS can distinguish the difference in coffee aroma, and each probiotic has a unique influence on the coffee aroma. Using probiotics to ferment coffee can significantly improve the aroma of coffee and provide certain application prospects for improving the quality of commercial coffee beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zejuan He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiashun Gong
- Agro-Products Processing Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chao Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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10
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Ruiz MJ, Salatti-Dorado JA, Cardador MJ, Frizzo L, Jordano R, Arce L, Medina LM. Relationship between Volatile Organic Compounds and Microorganisms Isolated from Raw Sheep Milk Cheeses Determined by Sanger Sequencing and GC-IMS. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020372. [PMID: 36673464 PMCID: PMC9858180 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the interest of consumers regarding artisan cheeses worldwide has increased. The ability of different autochthonous and characterized lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to produce aromas and the identification of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for flavor in cheeses are important aspects to consider when selecting strains with optimal aromatic properties, resulting in the diversification of cheese products. The objective of this work is to determine the relationship between VOCs and microorganisms isolated (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae) from raw sheep milk cheeses (matured and creamy natural) using accuracy and alternative methods. On combining Sanger sequencing for LAB identification with Gas Chromatography coupled to Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC−IMS) to determinate VOCs, we describe cheeses and differentiate the potential role of each microorganism in their volatilome. The contribution of each LAB can be described according to their different VOC profile. Differences between LAB behavior in each cheese are shown, especially between LAB involved in creamy cheeses. Only L. lactis subsp. hordniae and L. mesenteroides show the same VOC profile in de Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) cultures, but for different cheeses, and show two differences in VOC production in skim milk cultures. The occurrence of Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae from cheese is reported for first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Ruiz
- Laboratory of Food Analysis “Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina”, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Esperanza 3080, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - José A. Salatti-Dorado
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - María J. Cardador
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Laureano Frizzo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis “Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina”, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Esperanza 3080, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Rafael Jordano
- Food Science and Technology Department, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence, Charles Darwin Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Lourdes Arce
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Luis M. Medina
- Food Science and Technology Department, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence, Charles Darwin Annex Building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain
- Correspondence:
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11
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Analysis of the changes of volatile flavor compounds in a traditional Chinese shrimp paste during fermentation based on electronic nose, SPME-GC-MS and HS-GC-IMS. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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12
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Li C, Tian S, You J, Liu J, Li E, Wang C, Wang Q, Zhu Z, Fan D, Tian R. Qualitative determination of volatile substances in different flavored cigarette paper by using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) combined with chemometrics. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12146. [PMID: 36685456 PMCID: PMC9850002 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the difference of volatile substances among flavored cigarette paper, which are supplied by several manufacturers with different batches, the stability of the complex system of scented cigarette paper was analyzed and evaluated. In this study, Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was used to detect the aroma compounds of 23 flavored cigarette paper samples. Based on fingerprint analysis, the differences and changes of aroma compounds of different samples were studied in the form of data visualization. Principal component analysis, partial least squares regression analysis, cluster heatmap analysis and artificial neural network analysis were used to evaluate the stability of different cigarette paper. The results show that: A total of 29 volatile substances were identified from different scented cigarette paper. Fingerprint analysis revealed that the volatile substances of different cigarette paper samples were roughly the same, but not the content. The results of chemometrics analysis showed that there were significant differences in the characteristic aroma compounds of cigarette paper from different manufacturers. HS-GC-IMS technology combined with chemometrics method could be applied to determine the difference of volatile substances among different flavored cigarette paper, which theoretically and technically supported the quality stability maintenance and identification of flavored cigarette paper processed in different places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China,Cigarette Product Quality Test Center, Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming 650023, China
| | - Senlin Tian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Junheng You
- Cigarette Product Quality Test Center, Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming 650023, China
| | - Jinyun Liu
- Ministry of Technology, Yunnan Industrial Tobacco Hi-tech Material Co., Ltd., Kunming 650106, China
| | - E’xian Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Chunqiong Wang
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Station, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Cigarette Product Quality Test Center, Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming 650023, China
| | - Zijian Zhu
- Chemmind Technologies Ltd., Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Duoqing Fan
- Cigarette Product Quality Test Center, Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming 650023, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Runtao Tian
- Chemmind Technologies Ltd., Beijing, 100022, China,Corresponding author.
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13
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Zhao M, Ma H, Hou Y, Li J, Zou T, Zhang D, Wen R, Li H, Song H. Characterization of Key Odor-Active Off-Flavor Compounds in Aged Pasteurized Yogurt by Sensory-Directed Flavor Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14439-14447. [PMID: 36317964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the key odor-active compounds contributing to the off-flavor of aged pasteurized yogurt (APY) using sensory-directed flavor analysis. Additionally, different extraction methods were compared to determine their effects on the volatile compounds, including dynamic headspace sampling (DHS), solid-phase microextraction, and stir bar sorptive extraction, and DHS was found to be suitable for this study. The results showed that comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry analysis (GC × GC-O-MS) had more advantages in separating and identifying the volatile compounds than the traditional GC-O-MS. A total of 17 odor-active compounds were determined in the fresh pasteurized yogurt and APY samples by DHS coupled with GC × GC-O-MS. The dynamic headspace dilution analysis demonstrated that 2-heptanone and hexanal were the most vital components in APY with the highest flavor dilution factor. Furthermore, the spiking and omission experimental results revealed that the odor-active compounds, such as 2-heptanone, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanal, and (E)-2-heptenal, were the key odor-active off-flavor contributors in APY. Therefore, these compounds could be used as potential indicators to determine the freshness of pasteurized yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Hairan Ma
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, China
| | - Yaqiong Hou
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, China
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zou
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, 100048 Beijing, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, China
| | - Rong Wen
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd., 011500 Hohhot, China
| | - Huanlu Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Sensory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, 100048 Beijing, China
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14
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Liao W, Shen J, Manickam S, Li S, Tao Y, Li D, Liu D, Han Y. Investigation of blueberry juice fermentation by mixed probiotic strains: regression modeling, machine learning optimization and comparison with fermentation by single strain in the phenolic and volatile profiles. Food Chem 2022; 405:134982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Marnpae M, Chusak C, Balmori V, Kamonsuwan K, Dahlan W, Nhujak T, Hamid N, Adisakwattana S. Probiotic Gac fruit beverage fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei: Physiochemical properties, phytochemicals, antioxidant activities, functional properties, and volatile flavor compounds. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Li S, Du D, Wang J, Wei Z. Application progress of intelligent flavor sensing system in the production process of fermented foods based on the flavor properties. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3764-3793. [PMID: 36259959 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2134982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fermented foods are sensitive to the production conditions because of microbial and enzymatic activities, which requires intelligent flavor sensing system (IFSS) to monitor and optimize the production process based on the flavor properties. As the simulation system of human olfaction and gustation, IFSS has been widely used in the field of food with the characteristics of nondestructive, pollution-free, and real-time detection. This paper reviews the application of IFSS in the control of fermentation, ripening, and shelf life, and the potential in the identification of quality differences and flavor-producing microbes in fermented foods. The survey found that electronic nose (tongue) is suitable to monitor fermentation process and identify food authenticity in real time based on the changes of flavor profile. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance technology can be used to analyze the flavor metabolism of fermented foods at various production stages and explore the correlation between flavor substances and microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Li
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Du
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenbo Wei
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Screening of a Novel Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MMB-05 and Lacticaseibacillus casei Fermented Sandwich Seaweed Scraps: Chemical Composition, In Vitro Antioxidant, and Volatile Compounds Analysis by GC-IMS. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182875. [PMID: 36141001 PMCID: PMC9498330 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid fermentation is a promising method for developing sandwich seaweed scraps. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of fermentation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MMB-05, Lactiplantibacillus casei FJAT-7928, mixed bacteria (1:1, v/v) and control on the physicochemical indexes, in vitro antioxidant activity, and volatile compounds of Porphyra yezoensis sauce. Sensory evaluation was also performed. The results indicated that all lactic acid bacteria strains grew well in P. yezoensis sauce after 72 h of fermentation, with the viable cell counts of L. plantarum MMB-05 exceeding 10.0 log CFU/mL, the total phenolic content increasing by 16.54%, and the lactic acid content increasing from 0 to 44.38 ± 0.11 mg/mL. Moreover, the metabolism of these strains significantly increased the content of umami, sweet and sour free amino acids in P. yezoensis sauce. The total antioxidant capacity of L. plantarum MMB-05, L. casei FJAT-7928, mix and control groups increased by 594.59%, 386.49%, 410.27%, and 287.62%, respectively. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) analysis suggested that aldehydes and ketones accounted for the largest proportion, and the relative contents of acids and alcohols in P. yezoensis sauce increased significantly after lactic acid bacteria fermentation. In addition, the analysis of dynamic principal component analysis (PCA) and fingerprinting showed that the volatile components of the four treatment methods could be significantly distinguished. Overall, the L. plantarum MMB-05 could be recommended as an appropriate starter for fermentation of sandwich seaweed scraps, which provides a fundamental knowledge for the utilization of sandwiched seaweed scraps.
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18
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Gao C, Wang R, Zhang F, Sun Z, Meng X. The process monitors of probiotic fermented sour cherry juice based on the HS-GC-IMS. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Meng Q, Jia X, Zhang H, Wang Z, Liu W. Almost perfect sequence modulated multiplexing ion mobility spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9329. [PMID: 35618651 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Multiplexing ion mobility spectrometry with multiple ion injection pulses was used to achieve a high duty cycle and thus improve the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio while maintaining high resolving power compared with the traditional single-pulse signal averaging method. Historically, an ion mobility spectrum was reconstructed by various multiplexing methods including Fourier transform ion mobility spectrometry (FT-IMS), Hadamard transform ion mobility spectrometry (HT-IMS), and linear frequency modulation correlation ion mobility spectrometry (LFM-CIMS) sequence or Barker code. METHODS To achieve an artifact-free multiplexing ion mobility spectrum, an almost perfect sequence (APS) with correlation technique was proposed to modulate the Bradbury-Nielson ion gate and was compared with FT-IMS, HT-IMS, LFM-IMS, and the traditional single-pulse signal averaging method. RESULTS Experimental results showed that there are no artifact peaks in the APS-IMS spectra except an inverted mirror peak, and the S/N ratio was improved 5-8 times with a repetition time of 40-60 ms, corresponding to the improvement in the duty cycle. With the same duty cycle and similar acquisition time, APS-IMS showed a higher S/N ratio than HT-IMS for its unique autocorrelation response. CONCLUSIONS The APS-IMS technique offered a higher duty cycle and relatively shorter modulation period compared with reported multiplexing methods and is suitable to track rapidly changing signals without losing information and adding extra transformation artifact peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hanghang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
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20
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Zhang K, Gao L, Zhang C, Feng T, Zhuang H. Analysis of Volatile Flavor Compounds of Corn Under Different Treatments by GC-MS and GC-IMS. Front Chem 2022; 10:725208. [PMID: 35860630 PMCID: PMC9290320 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.725208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To establish a rapid and accurate method for detecting volatile components of corn, which will guide the production of corn products beloved by consumers. The fingerprints of corns under different treatments, including native, washing, blanching, precooling, freezing, steaming, boiling, frying, and freeze-drying, were depicted via gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was found via the Venn diagram and relative odor activity value (ROAV) that n-hexanal, 1-octene-3-ol, decylaldehyde, and 2-pentylthiazole could be the key flavor compounds present in corns. In addition, according to volatile fingerprint characteristics and the aroma profile of sensory evaluation, it was found that corns could be divided into four categories, which was consistent with the results of GC-IMS. Also, the results of the sensory panel showed that steamed, boiled, and fried corns were much more popular than corns under other treatments with the panel. The results indicated that a rapid method to classify products was established by GC-IMS. A suitable processing technology could produce a specific flavor, and further refined research might be focused on finding the best way to process corns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyi Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingling Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Can Zhang, ; Haining Zhuang,
| | - Tao Feng
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haining Zhuang
- School of Health and Society Care, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Can Zhang, ; Haining Zhuang,
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21
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Gu S, Wang Z, Wang J. Untargeted rapid differentiation and targeted growth tracking of fungal contamination in rice grains based on headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3673-3682. [PMID: 34890123 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milled rice are prone to be contaminated with spoilage or toxigenic fungi during storage, which may pose a real threat to human health. Most traditional methods require long periods of time for enumeration and quantification. However, headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) technology could characterize the complex volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from samples in a non-destructive and environmentally friendly manner. Thus, this study described an innovative HS-GC-IMS strategy for analyzing VOC profiles to detect fungal contamination in milled rice. RESULTS A total of 24 typical target compounds were identified. Analysis of variance-partial least squares regression (APLSR) showed significant correlations between the target compounds and colony counts of fungi. While the changes of selected volatile components (acetic acid, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and oct-en-3-ol) in fungi-inoculated rice had sufficiently high positive correlations with the colony counts, the logistic model could effectively be used to monitor the growth of individual fungus (R2 = 0.902-0.980). PLSR could effectively be used to predict fungal colony counts in rice samples (R2 = 0.831-0.953), and the different fungi-inoculated rice samples at 24 h could be successfully distinguished by support vector machine (SVM) (94.6%). The ability of HS-GC-IMS to monitor fungal infection would help to prevent contaminated rice grains from entering the food chain. CONCLUSIONS This result indicated that HS-GC-IMS three-dimensional fingerprints may be appropriate for the early detection of fungal infection in rice grains. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gu
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhe Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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22
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Liu S, Liu Y, Wang T, Zhang J. The effects of different light storage conditions on volatile flavor compounds and sensory properties of melon fruit. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Lin LJ, Zeng J, Tian QM, Ding XQ, Zhang XY, Gao XY. Effect of the bacterial community on the volatile flavour profile of a Chinese fermented condiment – Red sour soup – During fermentation. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Ling H, Shi H, Chen X, Cheng K. Detection of the microbial diversity and flavour components of northeastern Chinese soybean paste during storage. Food Chem 2022; 374:131686. [PMID: 34906801 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A combination of 16S rDNA and GC-IMS was used to study the changes in the composition of microorganisms and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the storage of northeastern Chinese soybean paste. Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota dominated the microbial communities of the soybean paste at the phylum level, bacterial profiles of different samples were different at genus level. Fifty-one VOCs were identified from soybean paste, most of which existed in the early storage stage. Most esters and alcohols decreased with the extension of the storage time, while acids and pyrazines accumulated in the later period of storage. Esters, alcohols, acids and aldehyde compounds are the key substances in the volatile components of soybean paste, which give the soybean paste the sour, sweet, rose, mushroom and smoky flavor characteristics. The biomarker Bacillus-velezensis in soybean paste is directly related to ester features; Kroppenstedtia, Sporolactobacillus-nakayamae, and Corynebacterium-stationis are positively associated with the biosynthesis of aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Ling
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
| | - Huiling Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150500, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; Dongguan Institute of Technology Innovation, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Keke Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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Shifts in the Bacterial Community Related to Quality Properties of Vacuum-Packaged Peeled Potatoes during Storage. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081147. [PMID: 35454734 PMCID: PMC9032337 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To reveal the potential relationship between the bacterial community and quality attributes of vacuum-packaged peeled potatoes, the bacterial community dynamics, visual quality, organic acids, flavor and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during 12 days of storage under 10 °C were studied, and a correlation analysis was performed between the bacterial community and VOCs. During the whole storage, the dominant bacteria changed from Ralstonia, Pseudomonas, Pantoea and Comamonas to Clostridia, Clostridium, Lacrimispora, Lactococcus and Leuconostoc. The visual quality and hardness deteriorated significantly on day 12; meanwhile, lactic and acetic acid content accumulated to 0.79 and 4.87 mg/g FW, respectively. Potatoes’ flavor deteriorated severely after 8 days, as evidenced by results of an electronic nose (e-nose). A total of 37 VOCs were detected, and the total content showed an increasing trend from 2164.85 to 10658.68 μg/kg during the whole storage. A correlation analysis showed that Enterobacteriaceae, Erwinia, Lacrimispora, Lactococcus, Serratia, Pantoea, Clostridium, Flavobacterium and Clostridia were positively correlated with the biosynthesis of VOCs. In addition, 10 spoilage markers were screened according to a variable importance in projection (VIP) ≥ 1. Ethanol, which was the most abundant spoilage marker, was significantly related to Enterobacteriaceae, Erwinia, Lacrimispora and Lactococcus. The results of this study have great practical significance for prolonging the shelf life of fresh-cut agricultural produce.
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26
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Yang X, Zhang T, Yang D, Xie J. Application of gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry in the analysis of food volatile components. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2022.01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) is an emerging analytical technique that has the advantages of fast response, high sensitivity, simple operation, and low cost. The combination of the fast speed and resolution of GC with the high sensitivity of IMS makes GC-IMS play an important role in the detection of food volatile substances. This paper focuses on the basic principles and future development trend, and the comparative analysis of the functions, similarities and differences of GC-IMS, GC-MS and electronic nose in the detection of common volatile compounds. A comprehensive introduction to the main application of GC-IMS in food volatile components: fingerprint identification of sample differences and detection of characteristic compounds. On the basis of perfecting the spectral library, GC-IMS will have broad development prospects in food authentication, origin identification, process optimization and product classification, especially in the analysis and identification of trace volatile food flavor substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Tianxin Zhang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Dongdong Yang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jianchun Xie
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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27
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Han Y, Wang C, Zhang X, Li X, Gao Y. Characteristic volatiles analysis of
Dongbei Suancai
across different fermentation stages based on HS‐GC‐IMS with PCA. J Food Sci 2022; 87:612-622. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Han
- Institute of Food and Processing Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenyang Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Food and Processing Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenyang Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Institute of Food and Processing Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenyang Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Food and Processing Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenyang Liaoning People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Gao
- Institute of Food and Processing Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenyang Liaoning People's Republic of China
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28
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Li N, Huang G, Zhang Y, Zheng N, Zhao S, Wang J. Diversity of Volatile Compounds in Raw Milk with Different n-6 to n-3 Fatty Acid Ratio. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030252. [PMID: 35158576 PMCID: PMC8833492 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In production, milk that is more beneficial to human health is obtained by adjusting the ratio of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids; however, the effect the regulation will have on the volatile substances in milk is unknown. In this study, gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry combined with principal component analysis was used to establish the fingerprint of volatile substances in raw milk to identify the types of volatile substances. The results show that a total of 34 target compounds were identified, and there were differences in the types and contents of volatile compounds among different treatment groups. The main reason for these differences is that lipid is degraded and aldehydes and ketones are produced in the adjusted-proportion group. Abstract Fatty acid profiles may affect the flavor of milk. The diversity of volatile compounds in raw milk with different ratios of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids (8:1, 4:1, and 3:1) was studied. Gas chromatography–ion mobility spectroscopy (GC–IMS) is a promising technology for the accurate characterization and detection of volatile organic compounds in agricultural products, but its application in milk is rare or even unavailable. In this experiment, GC–IMS fingerprints along with principal component analysis (PCA) were used to study the flavor fingerprints of fresh milk samples with different percentages. Thirty-four typical target compounds were identified in total. A diversity of flavor compounds in raw milk with different n-6/n-3 was observed. After reduction of the proportion, the concentrations of volatile compounds, such as hexanoic acid (dimer and monomer), ethyl acetate, and 2-methylpropanoic acid (dimer and monomer) decreased, while those of 4-methyl-2-pentanone, pentanal, and acetone increased. We carried out PCA according to the signal strength of the identified volatile compounds, and the examination showed that it could precisely make a distinction among the samples in a comparative space. In conclusion, the results show that the volatile compounds are different as the proportion is different. The volatile compounds in raw milk are mainly hexanoic acid, ethyl acetate, and 2-methylpropanoic acid. After adjustment of the ratio, the flavor substances of the medium-ratio (MR) group were mainly ketones, while those of the low-ratio (LR) group were aldehydes. Therefore, in production, reducing the impact on volatile substances while adjusting the proportion of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids to obtain functional dairy products should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (N.L.); (G.H.); (N.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (N.L.); (G.H.); (N.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (N.L.); (G.H.); (N.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-01062816069 (Y.Z.); +86-01062816069 (J.W.)
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (N.L.); (G.H.); (N.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (N.L.); (G.H.); (N.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (N.L.); (G.H.); (N.Z.); (S.Z.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-01062816069 (Y.Z.); +86-01062816069 (J.W.)
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Junqueira ACDO, Vinícius de Melo Pereira G, Viesser JA, de Carvalho Neto DP, Querne LBP, Soccol CR. Isolation and selection of fructose-consuming lactic acid bacteria associated with coffee bean fermentation. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2021.2007119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jéssica Aparecida Viesser
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Dão Pedro de Carvalho Neto
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Institute of Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Lana Bazan Peters Querne
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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ZHANG D, JI HW, LUO GX, CHEN H, LIU SC, MAO WJ. Insight into aroma attributes change during the hot-air-drying process of white shrimp using GC-MS, E-Nose and sensory analysis. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.70820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di ZHANG
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - Hong-Wu JI
- Guangdong Ocean University, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, China
| | | | - Hao CHEN
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - Shu-Cheng LIU
- Guangdong Ocean University, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, China
| | - Wei-Jie MAO
- Guangdong Ocean University, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, China
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31
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Chen Y, Li P, Liao L, Qin Y, Jiang L, Liu Y. Characteristic fingerprints and volatile flavor compound variations in Liuyang Douchi during fermentation via HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS. Food Chem 2021; 361:130055. [PMID: 34023693 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates volatile organic compound (VOC) compositional changes in Liuyang Douchi during fermentation via a HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS combination approach. A total of 115 VOCs were identified from Douchi, most of which were accumulated during pile fermentation. Notably, most alcohols and acids decreased with fermentation, while esters, ketones, pyrazines, and phenols accumulated during pile fermentation. Depending on the VOCs identified by GC-IMS/MS, the different fermentation stages of Douchi could be facilely distinguished. Of these, 49 VOCs were regarded as the marker VOCs of Douchi in different fermentation stage: hexanol, hexanal, and propanoic acid was the marker VOCs of the black beans before fermentation and contributing beany and grassy odors; 1-octen-3-ol and 3-octanone supplying a mushroom aroma to the Douchi fermented for 3-9 days; and esters and pyrazine, especially ethyl acetate and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, contributing the cocoa, fruity, and nutty aromas of matured Douchi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Pao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Luyan Liao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yeyou Qin
- Hunan Tantanxiang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Gu S, Zhang J, Wang J, Wang X, Du D. Recent development of HS-GC-IMS technology in rapid and non-destructive detection of quality and contamination in agri-food products. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Biosynthesis of 2-Heptanone, a Volatile Organic Compound with a Protective Role against Honey Bee Pathogens, by Hive Associated Bacteria. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112218. [PMID: 34835345 PMCID: PMC8624620 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Beehives are populated by bacterial species with a protective role against honey bee pathogens thanks to the production of bioactive metabolites. These compounds are largely unexploited despite their high potential interest for pest management. This study evaluated the capability of bacterial species associated with honey bees to produce 2-heptanone, a volatile organic compound with anesthetic properties of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. The production of this compound was quantified by SPME-GC-MS in a culture filtrate of nine bacterial strains isolated from the surface of honey bees, and the biosynthetic potential was evaluated in bacterial species associated with apiaries by searching for protein homologs putatively involved in its biosynthesis by using biocomputational tools. The findings pointed out that 2-heptanone was produced by Acetobacteraceae bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis and Apilactobacillus kunkeei isolates in concentrations between 1.5 and 2.6 ng/mL and that its production was strain-specific. Putative methylketone synthase homologs were found in Bacillus, Gilliamella, Acetobacteraceae, Bartonella and Lactobacillaceae, and the protein sequence results were distributed in nine Sequence Similarity Network (SSN) clusters. These preliminary results support the hypothesis that 2-heptanone may act as a mediator of microbial relationships in hives and provide contributions to assess the role and biosynthetic potential of 2-heptanone in apiaries.
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Saccà ML, Manici LM. Honey bee-associated bacteria as producers of bioactive compounds for protecting hives. A biosynthetic gene-based approach. Microbiol Res 2021; 252:126860. [PMID: 34521052 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Honey bee-associated bacteria are a source of natural compounds of interest for controlling hive decline which is threatening bee health globally. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of a series of extracellular compounds released by bacteria living on the external surface of honey bees were investigated. A biosynthetic gene-based approach was adopted by developing a battery of primers to target the genes involved in the biosynthesis of four groups of bioactive compounds (pyrrolizidine alkaloids, surfactin, 2-heptanone and helveticin J). The primers were tested on 51 bacterial isolates belonging to Bacillus thuringiensis, Acetobacteraceae bacterium, Bifidobacterium asteroides and Apilactobacillus kunkeei. The developed primers led to species-specific detection and characterization of the functional genes involved in the production of three out of four groups of compounds selected for this study. The findings suggest that microbial populations inhabiting apiaries harbor genes involved in the biosynthesis of metabolites linked to the reduction of important honey bee pathogens such as Varroa destructor, Paenibacillus larvae and Nosema ceranae. The gene-based approach adopted for evaluating the biosynthetic potential of bioactive compounds in hives is promising for investigating further compounds for low input control strategies of bee enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ludovica Saccà
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Corticella 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luisa Maria Manici
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Corticella 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy
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Štefániková J, Árvay J, Kunová S, Kowalczewski PŁ, Kačániová M. Aroma profile and lactic acid bacteria characteristic of traditional Slovak cheese "May bryndza". FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2021; 28:580-591. [PMID: 34515545 DOI: 10.1177/10820132211039916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the results of the characterization of a traditional Slovak cheese called "May bryndza" with regard to the profiles of volatile organic compounds and lactic acid bacteria. Samples of "May bryndza" cheese produced solely from unpasteurized ewe's milk were collected from 4 different Slovak farms, and samples of the cheese produced from a mixture of 2 types of milk (raw ewe's and pasteurized cow's milk) were collected from 3 different Slovak industrial dairies. There were 15 compounds detected and identified by the electronic nose. The impact of the kind of milk and the kind of dairy on the aroma profile of the product was not confirmed by PCA. The compounds with the highest relative contents in samples were acetoin (2.59%-24.55%), acetic acid (6.69%-13.39%), methoxy-phenyl-oxime (4.49%-8.52%), butanoic acid (1.89%-5.67%), and 2,3-butanediol (0.98%-4.08%), which were determined with gas chromatography. A total of 1533 isolates of LAB were obtained from the "May bryndza" cheese samples. Four families, five genera, and 19 species were identified with mass spectrometry, and isolated bacteria, both from the farm and industry dairies were the most frequently found to belong to Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Štefániková
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, 74489Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Július Árvay
- Department of Chemistry, 74489Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Simona Kunová
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, 74489Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Department of Fruit Sciences, Viticulture and Enology, 49645Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.,Department of Bioenergy and Food Technology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, 49726University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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Guo S, Wu T, Peng C, Wang J, Sun T, Zhang H. Metabolic footprint analysis of volatile metabolites by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry to discriminate between different fermentation temperatures during Streptococcus thermophilus milk fermentation. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8541-8553. [PMID: 34024608 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus thermophilus is widely used in the dairy industry to produce fermented milk. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry-based metabolomics was used to discriminate different fermentation temperatures (37°C and 42°C) at 3 time points (F0: pH = 6.50 ± 0.02; F1: pH = 5.20 ± 0.02; F2: pH = 4.60 ± 0.02) during S. thermophilus milk fermentation, and differences of fermentation physical properties and growth curves were also evaluated. Fermentation was completed (pH 4.60) after 6 h at 42°C and after 8 h at 37°C; there were no significant differences in viable cell counts and titratable acidity; water-holding capacity and viscosity were higher at 37°C than at 42°C. Different fermentation temperatures affected volatile metabolic profiles. After the fermentation was completed, the volatile metabolites that could be used to distinguish the fermentation temperature were hexanal, butyraldehyde, ethyl acetate, ethanol, 3-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and 2-methylpropionic acid. Specifically, at 37°C of milk fermentation, branched-chain AA had higher levels, and leucine, isoleucine, and valine were involved in growth and metabolism, which promoted accumulation of some short-chain fatty acids such as 3-methylbutanoic acid and 2-methylpanprooic acid. At 42°C, at 3 different time points during fermentation, ethanol from glycolysis all presented higher levels, including acetone and 3-methylbutanal, producing a more pleasant flavor in the fermented milk. This work provides detailed insight into S. thermophilus fermented milk metabolites that differed between incubation temperatures; these data can be used for understanding and eventually predicting metabolic changes during milk fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Chuantao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Jicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Tiansong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China.
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High biodiversity in a limited mountain area revealed in the traditional production of Historic Rebel cheese by an integrated microbiota-lipidomic approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10374. [PMID: 33990664 PMCID: PMC8121794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89959-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Historic Rebel (HR) cheese is an Italian heritage cheese, produced from raw milk during the summer grazing period in the Alps. The aim of this work was (i) to characterize the cheese microbiota, by 16S rRNA gene amplicons sequencing, and the volatile and non-volatile lipophilic fraction, by Gas Chromatography and Dynamic Headspace Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, and (ii) to evaluate their respective associations. HR cheese was dominated by Firmicutes phylum (99% of the entire abundance). The core microbiota was formed by Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc and Pediococcus genera together representing 87.2–99.6% of the total abundance. The polyunsaturated fatty acids composition showed a high PUFA n-3, PUFA n-6 and CLA content, two fold higher than typical plain cheeses, positively correlated with pasture altitude. A complex volatilome was detected, dominated in terms of abundance by ketones, fatty acids and alcohols. Total terpene levels increased at higher altitudes, being the main terpenes compounds α-pinene, camphene and β-pinene. The HR cheese showed a great diversity of bacterial taxa and lipophilic fractions among producers, despite belonging to a small alpine area, revealing a scarce cheese standardization and a chemical fingerprint of a typical mountain cheese produced during the grazing period. A deeper knowledge of the variability of HR cheese due to its composition in microbial community and volatile compounds will be appreciated, in particular, by elite consumers looking for niche products, adding economic value to farming in these alpine areas.
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Li W, Chen YP, Blank I, Li F, Li C, Liu Y. GC × GC-ToF-MS and GC-IMS based volatile profile characterization of the Chinese dry-cured hams from different regions. Food Res Int 2021; 142:110222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thomas CF, Zeh E, Dörfel S, Zhang Y, Hinrichs J. Studying dynamic aroma release by headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-IMS): method optimization, validation, and application. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2577-2586. [PMID: 33655348 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03222-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To understand aroma perception from complex food matrices' determination of dynamic aroma release during simulated oral processing is necessary. In this study optimization, validation and application of a novel method coupling headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) is presented. Thirteen character impact compounds imparting different chemical properties are studied to understand capabilities and limitations of the method. It was shown for the first time that the temperature of the IMS sample inlet can be increased up to 200 °C without instrumental constraints. Linear calibration was possible for eleven of the thirteen compounds with one decade dynamic range. The limit of detection and quantitation were 2.1-63.0 ppb and 7.2-210.1 ppb, respectively. Diacetyl could be detected in negative polarity mode of IMS, however with lower precision compared to the compounds detected in positive mode. Limitations of the method were short HS-SPME extraction time, which in the case of caproic acid was not sufficient for reliable quantification. Additionally, δ-decalactone could not be detected due to maximum GC temperature of 200 °C. Application of the method to determine dynamic aroma release from a dairy matrix was successfully shown for nine compounds. Analysis of complex food matrix was performed with similar precision compared to analysis in aqueous solution, thus proving high robustness of the method towards matrix effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine F Thomas
- Department of Soft Matter Science and Dairy Technology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ellen Zeh
- Department of Soft Matter Science and Dairy Technology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Selina Dörfel
- Department of Soft Matter Science and Dairy Technology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Flavor Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstraße 12, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jörg Hinrichs
- Department of Soft Matter Science and Dairy Technology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
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Alikord M, Mohammadi A, Kamankesh M, Shariatifar N. Food safety and quality assessment: comprehensive review and recent trends in the applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4833-4866. [PMID: 33554631 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an analytical separation and diagnostic technique that is simple and sensitive and a rapid response and low-priced technique for detecting trace levels of chemical compounds in different matrices. Chemical agents and environmental contaminants are successfully detected by IMS and have been recently considered to employ in food safety. In addition, IMS uses stand-alone or coupled analytical diagnostic tools with chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Scientific publications show that IMS has been applied 21% in the pharmaceutical industry, 9% in environmental studies and 13% in quality control and food safety. Nevertheless, applications of IMS in food safety and quality analysis have not been adequately explored. This review presents the IMS-related analysis and focuses on the application of IMS in food safety and quality. This review presents the important topics including detection of traces of chemicals, rate of food spoilage and freshness, food adulteration and authenticity as well as natural toxins, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, veterinary, and growth promoter drug residues. Further, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), acrylamide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), biogenic amines, nitrosamine, furfural, phenolic compounds, heavy metals, food packaging materials, melamine, and food additives were also examined for the first time. Therefore, it is logical to predict that the application of the IMS technique in food safety, food quality, and contaminant analysis will be impressively increased in the future. HighlightsCurrent status of IMS for residues and contaminant detection in food safety.To assess all the detected contaminants in food safety, for the first time.Identified IMS-related parameters and chemical compounds in food safety control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Alikord
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kamankesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Halal Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Vitense P, Kasbohm E, Klassen A, Gierschner P, Trefz P, Weber M, Miekisch W, Schubert JK, Möbius P, Reinhold P, Liebscher V, Köhler H. Detection of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in Cultures From Fecal and Tissue Samples Using VOC Analysis and Machine Learning Tools. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:620327. [PMID: 33614764 PMCID: PMC7887282 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.620327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a novel approach to accelerate bacterial culture diagnostics of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). In the present study, cultures of fecal and tissue samples from MAP-infected and non-suspect dairy cattle and goats were explored to elucidate the effects of sample matrix and of animal species on VOC emissions during bacterial cultivation and to identify early markers for bacterial growth. The samples were processed following standard laboratory procedures, culture tubes were incubated for different time periods. Headspace volume of the tubes was sampled by needle trap-micro-extraction, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analysis of MAP-specific VOC emissions considered potential characteristic VOC patterns. To address variation of the patterns, a flexible and robust machine learning workflow was set up, based on random forest classifiers, and comprising three steps: variable selection, parameter optimization, and classification. Only a few substances originated either from a certain matrix or could be assigned to one animal species. These additional emissions were not considered informative by the variable selection procedure. Classification accuracy of MAP-positive and negative cultures of bovine feces was 0.98 and of caprine feces 0.88, respectively. Six compounds indicating MAP presence were selected in all four settings (cattle vs. goat, feces vs. tissue): 2-Methyl-1-propanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, heptanal, isoprene, and 2-heptanone. Classification accuracies for MAP growth-scores ranged from 0.82 for goat tissue to 0.89 for cattle feces. Misclassification occurred predominantly between related scores. Seventeen compounds indicating MAP growth were selected in all four settings, including the 6 compounds indicating MAP presence. The concentration levels of 2,3,5-trimethylfuran, 2-pentylfuran, 1-propanol, and 1-hexanol were indicative for MAP cultures before visible growth was apparent. Thus, very accurate classification of the VOC samples was achieved and the potential of VOC analysis to detect bacterial growth before colonies become visible was confirmed. These results indicate that diagnosis of paratuberculosis can be optimized by monitoring VOC emissions of bacterial cultures. Further validation studies are needed to increase the robustness of indicative VOC patterns for early MAP growth as a pre-requisite for the development of VOC-based diagnostic analysis systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Vitense
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elisa Kasbohm
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anne Klassen
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Gierschner
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Phillip Trefz
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfram Miekisch
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jochen K Schubert
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Petra Möbius
- National Reference Laboratory for Paratuberculosis, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
| | - Volkmar Liebscher
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Heike Köhler
- National Reference Laboratory for Paratuberculosis, Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany
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Morandi S, Battelli G, Silvetti T, Tringali S, Nunziata L, Villa A, Acquistapace A, Brasca M. Impact of salting and ripening temperatures on late blowing defect in Valtellina Casera PDO cheese. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Laaksonen O, Kahala M, Marsol-Vall A, Blasco L, Järvenpää E, Rosenvald S, Virtanen M, Tarvainen M, Yang B. Impact of lactic acid fermentation on sensory and chemical quality of dairy analogues prepared from lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seeds. Food Chem 2020; 346:128852. [PMID: 33476950 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lupine (Lupinus sp.) is a valuable source of plant proteins. There is little knowledge on the impact of food processing on composition and sensory properties of lupine products. In this research, we investigated the impact of fermentation with five starters of lactic acid bacteria on the sensory quality and flavor-active compounds in dairy analogues prepared from sweet lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.). The sensory qualities of unfermented and fermented products were studied with generic descriptive analysis and affective tests. Acids and sugars were analyzed with GC-FID and volatiles with HS-SPME-GC-MS and GC-O. Fermentation increased sourness and 'vinegar' odor and reduced the 'beany' odor and flavor as well as the unpleasantness of flavor. Formation of volatiles during the fermentation was dependent on the starters. However, all fermentations increased the contents of lactic, acetic, and hexanoic acids, while reducing the contents of hexanal, described as 'grassy' in the unfermented lupine sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Laaksonen
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Minna Kahala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Alexis Marsol-Vall
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Lucia Blasco
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Eila Järvenpää
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Sirli Rosenvald
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies (TFTAK), EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Mika Virtanen
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Marko Tarvainen
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland.
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Viesser JA, de Melo Pereira GV, de Carvalho Neto DP, Rogez H, Góes-Neto A, Azevedo V, Brenig B, Aburjaile F, Soccol CR. Co-culturing fructophilic lactic acid bacteria and yeast enhanced sugar metabolism and aroma formation during cocoa beans fermentation. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 339:109015. [PMID: 33340944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.109015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucose and fructose are the main fermentable sugars in cocoa pulp. During fermentation, glucose is consumed within 48-72 h and fructose only after 120 h, mainly associated with the preferential use of glucose by microorganisms. In the first stage of this study, the complete genome sequence of a lactic acid bacterium with high fructose consumption capacity (Lactobacillus plantarum LPBF35) was reported. The notable genomic features of L. plantarum LPBF35 were the presence of alcohol/acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene and improved PTS system, confirming its classification as a "facultatively" fructophilic bacterium. Subsequently, this bacterium was introduced into cocoa fermentation process in single and mixed cultures with Pediococcus acidilactici LPBF66 or Pichia fermentans YC5.2. Community composition by Illumina-based amplicon sequencing and viable counts indicated suppression of wild microflora in all treatments. At the beginning of the fermentation processes, cocoa pulp consisted of approximately 73.09 mg/g glucose and 73.64 mg/g fructose. The L. plantarum LPBF35 + P. fermentans YC5.2 process showed the lowest levels of residual sugars after 72 h of fermentation (7.89 and 4.23 mg/g, for fructose and glucose, respectively), followed by L. plantarum LPBF35 + Ped. acidilactici LPBF66 (8.85 and 6.42 mg/g, for fructose and glucose, respectively), single L. plantarum LPBF35 treatment (4.15 and 10.15 mg/g, for fructose and glucose, respectively), and spontaneous process (22.25 and 14.60 mg/g, for fructose and glucose, respectively). The positive interaction between L. plantarum LPBF35 and P. fermentans YC5.2 resulted in an improved formation of primary (ethanol, lactic acid, and acetic acid) and secondary (2-methyl-1-butanol, isoamyl acetate, and ethyl acetate) metabolites during fermentation. The primary metabolites accumulated significantly in cocoa beans fermented by P. fermentans YC5.2 + L. plantarum LPBF35, causing important reactions of color development and key flavor molecules formation. The results of this study suggest that fructophilic lactic acid bacteria and yeast is a microbial consortium that could improve sugar metabolism and aroma formation during cocoa beans fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica A Viesser
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Gilberto V de Melo Pereira
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Dão Pedro de Carvalho Neto
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Center for Valorisation of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds (CVACBA), Federal University of Pará, 66.095-780 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Biological Sciences Department, State University of Feira de Santana, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Flávia Aburjaile
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), 81531-970 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Afshari R, Pillidge CJ, Dias DA, Osborn AM, Gill H. Microbiota and Metabolite Profiling Combined With Integrative Analysis for Differentiating Cheeses of Varying Ripening Ages. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:592060. [PMID: 33324371 PMCID: PMC7726019 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cheese maturation and flavor development results from complex interactions between milk substrates, cheese microbiota and their metabolites. In this study, bacterial 16S rRNA-gene sequencing, untargeted metabolomics (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and data integration analyses were used to characterize and differentiate commercial Cheddar cheeses of varying maturity made by the same and different manufacturers. Microbiota and metabolite compositions varied between cheeses of different ages and brands, and could be used to distinguish the cheeses. Individual amino acids and carboxylic acids were positively correlated with the ripening age for some brands. Integration and Random Forest analyses revealed numerous associations between specific bacteria and metabolites including a previously undescribed positive correlation between Thermus and phenylalanine and a negative correlation between Streptococcus and cholesterol. Together these results suggest that multi-omics analyses has the potential to be used for better understanding the relationships between cheese microbiota and metabolites during ripening and for discovering biomarkers for validating cheese age and brand authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Afshari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Daniel A. Dias
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - A. Mark Osborn
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Harsharn Gill
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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46
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Gu S, Chen W, Wang Z, Wang J, Huo Y. Rapid detection of Aspergillus spp. infection levels on milled rice by headspace-gas chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) and E-nose. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Štefániková J, Árvay J, Miškeje M, Kačániová M. Determination of volatile organic compounds in Slovak bryndza cheese by the electronic nose and the headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to describe volatile organic compounds of the traditional Slovak bryndza cheese determined by using an electronic nose (e-nose) and a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) with head-space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). For the first time, e-nose based on the gas chromatography principle with a flame ionization detector was described to identify and quantify aroma active compounds of bryndza cheese from Slovakia. The e-nose detects aroma compounds of very small concentrations in real-time of a few minutes and identifies them by comparing Kovats´ retention indices with the NIST library. Bryndza cheese produced from unpasteurized ewe´s milk and from a mixture of raw ewe´s and pasteurized cow´s types of milk were collected from 2 different Slovak farms beginning in May through to September 2019. The flavour and aroma of bryndza cheese are apparently composed of compounds contained in milk and the products of fermentation of the substrate by bacteria and fungi. Regarding volatile organic compounds, 25 compounds were detected and identified by an electronic nose with a discriminant >0.900 with ethyl acetate, isopentyl acetate, 2-butanone, acetic acid, butanoic acid, and butane-2,3-dione confirmed by gas chromatography. We confirm the suitability of the electronic nose to be used for monitoring of bryndza cheese quality.
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48
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Wang H, Sun X, Song X, Guo M. Effects of kefir grains from different origins on proteolysis and volatile profile of goat milk kefir. Food Chem 2020; 339:128099. [PMID: 33152884 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microbial diversity in kefir grains is responsible for the production of goat milk kefir with unique peptides composition and volatile profile. High-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze bacterial and fungal diversity of three different kefir grains which were originated from China, Europe Germany and United States. Peptides and volatile profile in goat milk kefir were determined by proteomic platform and Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry, respectively. Clustering analysis indicated that the different content of Lactobacillus genera in different kefir grains was highly associated with the proteolytic ability in goat milk kefir. Contents of volatile compounds in goat milk kefir were also correlated to the bacteria and fungi in kefir grains (especially for Lactobacillus spp. and Saccharomyces spp.). The innovation of this study was to find a new way in exploration of the correlation of microbiota in kefir grains with the proteolytic ability and volatile profile of goat milk kefir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiaomeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Mingruo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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49
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Ion mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry coupled to gas chromatography for analysis of microbial contaminated cosmetic creams. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1128:52-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Recent progress in food flavor analysis using gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC–IMS). Food Chem 2020; 315:126158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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