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Liu M, Wang X, Li Y, Jin D, Jiang Y, Fang Y, Lin Q, Ding Y. Effects of OSA-starch-fatty acid interactions on the structural, digestibility and release characteristics of high amylose corn starch. Food Chem 2024; 454:139742. [PMID: 38795623 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-starch-fatty acid (FA) interactions on the structural, digestibility and release characteristics of high amylose corn starch (HAS). FTIR and XRD analysis showed that the hydrophobic interaction between HAS and FA promoted the covalent binding between OSA and HAS. With the increasing of the FA chain length, the complex index, degree of substitution, R1047/1022 and relative crystallinity of OSA-HAS-FA increased first and then decreased, whereas the first-order rate coefficient and percentage of digested in infinite time showed an opposite trend. Structural changes and the molecular interactions of OSA-HAS-FA with 12‑carbon FA resulted in highest resistant starch content (45.43%) and encapsulation efficiency of curcumin (Cur) (47.98%). In vitro release test revealed that Cur could be gradually released from OSA-HAS-FA in simulated gastric, intestinal and colonic fluids. Results provided novel insights into HAS-FA complex grafted with OSA as carrier for colon-specific of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang 402460, China
| | - Yihui Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Danni Jin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023,China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yongbo Ding
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Güven Ö, Şensoy İ. Effect of fibers on starch structural changes during hydrothermal treatment: multiscale analyses, and evaluation of dilution effects on starch digestibility. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5724-5734. [PMID: 38380826 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary fibers (DFs) may influence the structural, nutritional and techno-functional properties of starch within food systems. Moreover, DFs have favorable effects on the digestive system and potentially a lower glycemic index. These potential benefits may change depending on DF type. Starch processed in the presence of soluble and insoluble fibers can undergo different structural and functional changes, and the present study investigated the effects of short-chain and long-chain inulin and cellulose on the structural and digestive properties of wheat starch. RESULTS The combined use of differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the structural changes in starch and inulin at different levels. Short-chain and long-chain inulin had higher water retention capacity and a potential to limit starch gelatinization. The FTIR results revealed an interaction between starch and inulin. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed morphological changes in starch and inulin after the hydrothermal treatment. Cellulose fiber was not affected by the hydrothermal treatment and had no influence on starch behavior. The structural differences observed through XRD, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy analyses between starch with and without inulin fibers did not significantly impact starch digestibility, except for the dilution effect caused by adding DFs. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the importance of utilizing different analytical tools to assess changes in food samples at different scales. Although short-chain and long-chain inulin could potentially limit starch gelatinization, the duration of the heat treatment (90 °C for 10 min) was sufficient to ensure complete starch gelatinization. The dilution effect caused by adding fibers was the primary reason for the effect on starch digestibility. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Güven
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlkay Şensoy
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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Ma W, Tang J, Cheng H, Tian J, Wu Z, Zhou J, Xu E, Chen J. High-Resistant Starch Based on Amylopectin Cluster via Extrusion: From the Perspective of Chain-Length Distribution and Structural Formation. Foods 2024; 13:2532. [PMID: 39200459 PMCID: PMC11353313 DOI: 10.3390/foods13162532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) has the advantage of reshaping gut microbiota for human metabolism and health, like glycemic control, weight loss, etc. Among them, RS3 prepared from pure starch is green and safe, but it is hard to achieve structural control. Here, we regulate the crystal structure of starch with different chain-length distributions (CLDs) via extrusion at low/high shearing levels. The change in CLDs in extruded starch was obtained, and their effects on the fine structure (Dm, dBragg, dLorentz, degree of order and double helix, degree of crystal) of RS and its physicochemical properties were investigated by SAXS, FTIR, XRD and 13C NMR analyses. The results showed that the RS content under a 250 r/min extrusion condition was the highest at 61.52%. Furthermore, the crystalline system induced by high amylopectin (amylose ≤ 4.78%) and a small amount of amylose (amylose ≥ 27.97%) was favorable for obtaining a high content of RS3-modified products under the extruding environment. The control of the moderate proportion of the A chains (DP 6-12) in the starch matrix was beneficial to the formation of RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (W.M.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Junyu Tang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (W.M.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Huan Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (W.M.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (J.T.)
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China;
| | - Jinhu Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (W.M.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Zhengzong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China;
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China;
| | - Enbo Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (W.M.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (J.T.)
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China;
| | - Jianchu Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (W.M.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (J.T.)
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4
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Tagliasco M, Font G, Renzetti S, Capuano E, Pellegrini N. Role of particle size in modulating starch digestibility and textural properties in a rye bread model system. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114565. [PMID: 38945564 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
In cereal products, the use of flour containing clusters of intact cells has been indicated as a potential strategy to decrease starch digestion. Rye possesses more uniform and thicker cell walls than wheat but its protective effect against starch digestion has not been elucidated. In this study, rye flours with three different particle sizes, large (LF) (∼1700 μm), medium (MF) (∼1200 μm), and small (SF) (∼350 μm), were used to produce model bread. The textural properties of these breads were analysed using Textural Profile Analysis (TPA). The starch digestibility of both the flour and the bread was measured using Englyst's method, while the presence of intact cell clusters was examined using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Additionally, the disintegration of bread digesta during simulated digestion was assessed through image analysis. CLSM micrographs revealed that bread made with MF and LF retained clusters of intact cells after processing, whereas bread made with SF showed damaged cell walls. Starch digestibility in LF and MF was lower (p ≤ 0.05) than that in SF. Bread produced with MF and LF exhibited the least (p ≤ 0.05) cohesive and resilient texture, disintegrated more during digestion, and exhibited higher starch digestibility (p ≤ 0.05) than bread made with SF. These results highlight the central role of bread texture on in vitro starch digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Tagliasco
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via Sondrio 2/A, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Guillem Font
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefano Renzetti
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Capuano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via Sondrio 2/A, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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5
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Abdul Hadi N, Marefati A, Purhagen J, Rayner M. Physicochemical and functional properties of short-chain fatty acid starch modified with different acyl groups and levels of modification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131523. [PMID: 38608987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Rice and quinoa starches are modified with short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) with different SCFA acyl chain lengths and levels of modification. This work is aimed to investigate the impact of modifying rice and quinoa starches with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on various physicochemical properties, including particle size, protein and amylose content, thermal behavior, pasting characteristics, and in vitro digestibility. Both native and SCFA-starches showed comparable particle sizes, with rice starches ranging from 1.58 to 2.22 μm and quinoa starches from 5.18 to 5.72 μm. SCFA modification led to lower protein content in both rice (0.218-0.255 %) and quinoa starches (0.537-0.619 %) compared to their native counterparts. Esterification led to the reduction of gelatinization and pasting temperatures as well as the hardness of the paste of SCFA-starches were reduced while paste clarity increased. The highest level of modification in SCFA-starch was associated with the highest amount of resistant starch fraction. Principal component analysis revealed that modification levels exerted a greater influence on starch properties than the types of SCFA used (acetyl, propionyl, and butyryl). These findings is importance in considering the degree of substitution or level of modification when tailoring starch properties through SCFA modification, with implications for various applications in food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Abdul Hadi
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden; Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - A Marefati
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J Purhagen
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Rayner
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden; Science and Innovation Center, Oatly AB, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 19, 22363 Lund, Sweden
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Frasson SF, Colussi R, Hackbart HCDS, Borges CD, Flores WH, Mendonça CRB. Rice starch modification by thermal treatments with avocado oil: Autoclave versus microwave methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131426. [PMID: 38583836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical alterations in rice starch modified by heat-moisture treatment (HMT) using an autoclave and a microwave, in association with avocado oil (AO), and evaluate the effects on thermal and structural properties, in vitro digestibility, and estimated glycemic index (eGI). Samples were adjusted to 30 % (w/w) moisture and 2, 4 and 8 % AO. HMT was conducted at 110 °C for 1 h in the autoclave (A0%, A2%, A4%, and A8%) and at 50 °C for 3 min in the microwave (M0%, M2%, M4%, and M8%). Both procedures did not alter the starch crystallinity pattern (type-A). Pasting viscosity, setback, relative crystallinity, and gelatinisation enthalpy decreased as the AO content increased in both HMT processes. The M8% showed reduced digestibility, decreased eGI (72.99, p < 0.05), and lower starch hydrolysis concentration (62.75 %, p < 0.05). The application of HMT with the addition of AO may be an interesting process for obtaining resistant starch since its content increased after both treatments (A8%, M4%, and M8%). The microwave process proved efficient, making it possible to use a lower temperature, less time, and less energy for modification and obtain starches with improved characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Feksa Frasson
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, 01, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Colussi
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Food Chemical Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Helen Cristina Dos Santos Hackbart
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel, Federal University of Pelotas, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Dellinghausen Borges
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, 01, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Center for Pharmaceutical and Food Chemical Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Wladimir Hernandez Flores
- Federal University of Pampa, Bagé Campus, Avenue Maria Anunciação Gomes de Godoy 1650, 96400-100 Bagé, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carla Rosane Barboza Mendonça
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, 01, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Center for Pharmaceutical and Food Chemical Sciences, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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7
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Zhou X, Huang T, Deng S, Liu H, Yu W. Variations in the effects of extrusion treatments and ferulic acid addition on starch digestibility with different botanical backgrounds. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 329:121768. [PMID: 38286543 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, the effects of extrusion using a haake rheometer with a twin-roll mixer, with and without FA addition, on the structures and in vitro digestibility of starches from different sources were investigated. After extruding for 15 min at 90 °C with a moisture content of 40 %, no matter FA was added or not, lager Ap molecules were preferentially debranched, while Am with longer CL were depolymerized simultaneously, resulting to reduced averaged molecular size of Ap and shortened Am chains. Of all starches, regardless of their botanical backgrounds, although synergic effects were found between extrusion and FA addition on reducing their relative crystallinity and the ordered structures, distinctly different effects on the in vitro digestibility of these starches have also been observed especially regarding the digestion of starch branches with DP > 10 Particularly, the Am chains with DP 10-1000 was remaining undigested when FA was added. This study provides important information concerning how to adjust starch digestibility into a healthy range through altering the starch structures using extrusion technique with the addition of phytochemicals or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Zhou
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, China
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shulin Deng
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, China.
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Jinan University, Huangpu West Avenue 601, Guangzhou City 510632, China.
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8
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Yu Y, Hao Z, Wang B, Deng C, Hu J, Bian Y, Wang T, Zheng M, Yu Z, Zhou Y. Effects of two celery fibers on the structural properties and digestibility of glutinous rice starch: A comparative study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130776. [PMID: 38471614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The present study focused on the extraction of water-soluble dietary fiber (CSDF) and water-insoluble dietary fiber (CIDF) from celery. It investigated their effects on glutinous rice starch's (GRS) physicochemical, structural, and digestive properties. The results showed that as the addition of the two dietary fibers increased, they compounded with GRS to varying degrees, with the complexing index reaching 69.41 % and 60.81 %, respectively. The rheological results indicated that the two dietary fibers reduced the viscosity of GRS during pasting and inhibited the short-term regrowth of starch. The FTIR and XRD results revealed that the two fibers interacted with GRS through hydrogen bonding, effectively inhibiting starch retrogradation. Furthermore, both fibers increased the pasting temperature of GRS, thus delaying its pasting and exhibiting better thermal stability. Regarding digestibility, the starch gels containing dietary fibers exhibited significantly reduced digestibility, with RS significantly increased by 8.15 % and 8.95 %, respectively. This study provides insights into the interaction between two dietary fibers and GRS during processing. It enriches the theoretical model of dietary fiber-starch interaction and provides a reference for the application development of starch-based functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Yu
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zongwei Hao
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Baixue Wang
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Changyue Deng
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jingwei Hu
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yiran Bian
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Taosuo Wang
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhenyu Yu
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yibin Zhou
- Food Processing Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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9
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Kaur J, Manchanda P, Kaur H, Kumar P, Kalia A, Sharma SP, Taggar MS. In-Silico Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Genes Involved in Resistant Starch Biosynthesis in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01121-w. [PMID: 38509332 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01121-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), an important horticultural crop is a member of the family Solanaceae and is mainly grown for consumption at global level. Starch, the principal component of tubers, is one of the significant elements for food and non-food-based applications. The genes associated with biosynthesis of starch have been investigated extensively over the last few decades. However, a complete regulation pathway of constituent of amylose and amylopectin are still not deeply explored. The current in-silico study of genes related to amylose and amylopectin synthesis and their genomic organization in potato is still lacking. In the current study, the nucleotide and amino acid arrangement in genome and twenty-two genes linked to starch biosynthesis pathway in potato were analysed. The genomic structure analysis was also performed to find out the structural pattern and phylogenetic relationship of genes. The genome mining and structure analysis identified ten specific motifs and phylogenetic analysis of starch biosynthesis genes divided them into three different clades on the basis of their functioning and phylogeny. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) of amylose biosynthesis pathway genes in three contrast genotypes revealed the down-gene expression that leads to identify potential cultivar for functional genomic approaches. These potential lines may help to achieve higher content of resistant starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Pooja Manchanda
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
| | - Harleen Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Adesh Medical College & Hospital, Mohri, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136135, India
| | - Anu Kalia
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Sat Pal Sharma
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Monica Sachdeva Taggar
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
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Cahyana Y, Annisa NDN, Khoerunnisa TK, Sulastri S, Marta H, Rialita T, Yuliana T, Aït-Kaddour A, Şumnu G. Banana starch modified by heat moisture treatment and annealing: Study on digestion kinetics and enzyme affinity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128771. [PMID: 38101675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Starch modification by annealing (ANN) and heat-moisture treatment (HMT) results in a lower crystallinity compared to native but the change of B crystalline type to A type is only observed in HMT starch. All starches possess two different digestion rate constants i.e. k1 (at rapid phase) and k2 (at slow phase) which may be linked to the preserved intact starch granule following thermal treatment. HMT starch contains higher content of slowly digestible starch (C2∞) compared to the C2∞ of the other starches. The lower enzyme binding to HMT starch (Kd value increases from 0.12 mg/mL in native starch to 0.83 mg/mL) may be linked to the increase in the degree of ordered structure of the granule surface (observed from the absorption band ratio of 1000 cm-1/1022 cm-1). The lower affinity may lead to a lower k1 value. This holds true for ANN and native starch which displays similar k1, Kd value and degree of ordered to disordered structure. Lower k2 in HMT starch compared to the corresponding k2 in the other starches may be linked to the slower enzyme diffusion into the core of starch granule due to the tightly packed structure of A crystalline type in HMT starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Cahyana
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia.
| | - Nadia Dewi Nur Annisa
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Tiara Kurnia Khoerunnisa
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Sri Sulastri
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Herlina Marta
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Tita Rialita
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Tri Yuliana
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Abderrahmane Aït-Kaddour
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agroindustrial Technology, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia; VetAgro Sup, INRAE (National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment), Université Clermont-Auvergne, 63370 Lempdes, France
| | - Gülüm Şumnu
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Ye S, Qin J, Zongo AWS, Li J, Liang H, Li B. Physicochemical properties, phenolic content and in vitro digestion profile of Chinese black rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Food Funct 2023; 14:9767-9781. [PMID: 37840531 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03199c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Yangxian black rice, as one of the ancient Chinese black rice varieties, is widely planted in the Yangxian area of China. This study investigated the physicochemical properties, phenolic content and in vitro digestion profile of Chinese black rice under gradient milling treatment. The chemical composition, color, pasting and thermal properties of black rice with different milling degrees were comprehensively compared. In vitro digestion analysis indicated that cooked rice flour had higher rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and lower resistant starch (RS) contents compared with the uncooked one. Besides, all cooked black rice samples exhibited high predicted glycemic index (pGI) value and whole black rice showed a lower pGI than refined rice. The microstructure and the abundance of phenolic compounds in the solid matrix during different treatments or digestion stages were observed by CLSM. Furthermore, a total of 102 phenolic constituents were absolutely quantified by targeted metabolomics techniques. Methanol extraction and moderate cooking treatment contributed to the release of phenolic compounds from the solid matrix of whole black rice. Besides, compared to the gastric digestion stage, the transition in the intestinal environment caused a decrease in the majority of the analyzed polyphenols. Identifying the phenolic constituents was favorable for a better elucidation of the chemical basis of the function and nutritional value of Chinese black rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jiabin Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Abel Wend-Soo Zongo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Hongshan Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Industrial Fermentation, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
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12
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Xiang G, Li J, Lin Q, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Guo X, Pan Q, Liu Q, Fu X, Yang Y, Han W, Fang Y. The effect of heat-moisture treatment changed the binding of starch, protein and lipid in rice flour to affect its hierarchical structure and physicochemical properties. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100785. [PMID: 37780235 PMCID: PMC10534091 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of removing proteins, lipids and starch on the structure, physicochemical properties and digestion properties of rice flour (with 30% moisture) treated with heat moisture treatment (HMT). According to the results, HMT caused the adhesion and agglomeration of the rice flour, promoted the binding between starch, protein and lipid molecular chains and led to the formation of complexes (especially starch-lipid complexes), which hindered the removal of non-starch components. Compared to the untreated rice flour, the HMT treated lipid-removal rice flour had small changes in their crystallinity, gelatinization temperature and viscosity property. After removing protein, the crystallinity, peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown and starch digestibility were sharply increased. In particular, the peak viscosity increased from 811 cP to 1746 cP and the enthalpy change increased from 5.33 J/g to 10.18 J/g. These findings are helpful in understanding the contribution of removing endogenous proteins and lipids to the physicochemical changes of HMT treated rice flour during its heating process and thus can be helpful in controlling the quality of rice flour through HMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyuan Xiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yili Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yuqin Ding
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Qianru Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Qiongxiang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangjin Fu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wenfang Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing 210023, China
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13
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Demangeat A, Hornero-Ramirez H, Meynier A, Sanoner P, Atkinson FS, Nazare JA, Vinoy S. Complementary Nutritional Improvements of Cereal-Based Products to Reduce Postprandial Glycemic Response. Nutrients 2023; 15:4401. [PMID: 37892479 PMCID: PMC10609865 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High glycemic response (GR) is part of cardiometabolic risk factors. Dietary polyphenols, starch digestibility, and dietary fibers could play a role in modulating GR. We formulated cereal products with high dietary fibers, polyphenols, and slowly digestible starch (SDS) contents to test their impact on the glycemic index (GI) and insulin index (II). Twelve healthy subjects were randomized in a crossover-controlled study to measure the GI and II of four biscuits according to ISO-26642(2010). Two types of biscuits were enriched with dietary fibers and polyphenols and high in SDS, and two similar control biscuits with low levels of these compounds were compared. The subjects consumed 50 g of available carbohydrates from the biscuits or from a glucose solution (reference). Glycemic and insulinemic responses were monitored for 2 h after the start of the consumption. The two enriched biscuits led to low GI and II (GI: 46 ± 5 SEM and 43 ± 4 SEM and II: 54 ± 5 SEM and 45 ± 3 SEM) when controls had moderate GI and II (GI: 57 ± 5 SEM and 58 ± 5 SEM and II: 61 ± 4 SEM and 61 ± 4 SEM). A significant difference of 11 and 15 units between the GI of enriched and control products was obtained. These differences may be explained by the polyphenol contents and high SDS levels in enriched products as well as potentially the dietary fiber content. This study provides new proposals of food formulations to induce beneficial health effects which need to be confirmed in a longer-term study in the context of the SINFONI consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Demangeat
- Nutrition Research, Paris-Saclay Tech Center, Mondelez International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (A.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Hugo Hornero-Ramirez
- Centre de Recherche En Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Cens, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69310 Lyon, France; (H.H.-R.)
| | - Alexandra Meynier
- Nutrition Research, Paris-Saclay Tech Center, Mondelez International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (A.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Philippe Sanoner
- Symrise-Diana Food SAS, Campus 2, 7 Allée Ermengarde d’Anjou, ZAC Atalante Champeaux, 35011 Rennes, France;
| | - Fiona S. Atkinson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and the Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- Centre de Recherche En Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Cens, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69310 Lyon, France; (H.H.-R.)
| | - Sophie Vinoy
- Nutrition Research, Paris-Saclay Tech Center, Mondelez International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (A.D.); (A.M.)
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14
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Perreau C, Desailly F, Grard S, Thondre PS, Ahlstrom L, Tammam J, Wils D. Slow Digestible Starch in Native Pea Starch ( Pisum sativum L.) Lowers Glycemic Response with No Adverse Effects on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Adults. J Med Food 2023; 26:760-767. [PMID: 38039382 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence achieved 470B in 2021. Diabetics are looking for foods that allow them to better manage the postprandial glycemia. Owing to its large amylose fraction, pea starch may contribute to formulate recipes with a lower glycemic index (GI). This study measured the rapidly, slowly digested and resistant fractions in pea starch and in a powder mix recipe. Starch fractions were determined according to the Englyst methodology. A nonblind repeat measure crossover design trial in healthy humans was used to study the GI of pea starch and maltodextrin powder mix recipes against glucose. Gastrointestinal symptoms were measured. Thirteen healthy volunteers aged 18-60 years with body mass index <30 kg/m2 and fasting blood glucose <6.1 mmol/L participated in the study. They consumed 25 g available carbohydrate portions of the test products. Blood glucose was measured at -5 and 0 min before consumption till 180 min after starting to eat. The slow digestible starch (SDS) content of native pea starch was 30% of the total starch content. The pea-based powder mix recipe contained 25% SDS in comparison with 9% for the maltodextrin-based recipe. The glucose response after pea starch was significantly lower compared with maltodextrin. The glucose response after pea starch recipe was significantly lower compared with maltodextrin recipe. There was no significant difference in mean scores for well-being and gastrointestinal symptoms after consumption of pea starch and maltodextrin or between the two recipes. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the presence of high SDS content in pea starch, which reduced postprandial glycemic response compared with maltodextrin. The pea starch recipe did not induce any negative gastrointestinal symptoms. Pea starch may, therefore, prove to be a beneficial ingredient in developing food products for improving glycemic control without undesirable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie Grard
- Food and Nutrition Customer Technical Services, Roquette Frères, Lestrem, France
| | - Pariyarath Sangeetha Thondre
- Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lis Ahlstrom
- Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Tammam
- Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Wils
- Nutrition and Health R&D, Roquette Frères, Lestrem, France
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15
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Cao W, Guan S, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Mst Nushrat Y, Liu Y, Tong Y, Yu S, Hua X. The digestive behavior of pectin in human gastrointestinal tract: a review on fermentation characteristics and degradation mechanism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37665605 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2253547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Pectin is widely spread in nature and it develops an extremely complex structure in terms of monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage types, and non-glycosidic substituents. As a non-digestible polysaccharide, pectin exhibits resistance to human digestive enzymes, however, it is easily utilized by gut microbiota in the large intestine. Currently, pectin has been exploited as a novel functional component with numerous physiological benefits, and it shows a promising prospect in promoting human health. In this review, we introduce the regulatory effects of pectin on intestinal inflammation and metabolic syndromes. Subsequently, the digestive behavior of pectin in the upper gastrointestinal tract is summarized, and then it will be focused on pectin's fermentation characteristics in the large intestine. The fermentation selectivity of pectin by gut bacteria and the effects of pectin structure on intestinal microecology were discussed to highlight the interaction between pectin and bacterial community. Meanwhile, we also offer information on how gut bacteria orchestrate enzymes to degrade pectin. All of these findings provide insights into pectin digestion and advance the application of pectin in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Cao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuyi Guan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuying Yuan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Yaxian Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Science, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yanjun Tong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuhuai Yu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao Hua
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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16
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Kaur B, Singh A, Suri S, Usman M, Dutta D. Minor millets: a review on nutritional composition, starch extraction/modification, product formulation, and health benefits. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4742-4754. [PMID: 36764833 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Minor millet grains are the abode of healthy constituents of human concern that contribute to healthy longevity. Additionally, they are excellent in nutritional value including macronutrients namely, protein (7-13%), carbohydrates (60-70%), fat (1.5-5%), fiber (2-7%) and for micronutrients as well namely; iron, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, etc. All these beneficial traits along with the availability of bioactive constituents (polyphenols and antioxidants) prove them to be therapeutic in action and also uplift the immunity among users. Employed isolation tactics for starch also govern yield characteristics and is usually preferred by way of wet method. Minor millets are abundant in starch (50-70%) thus application broadness is another attribute which could be addressed in vivid food segments. In case, native starches somehow possess least application credentials in food and non-food sectors thus modification is the only alternative to eliminate shortcomings. As in trend, modification using physical, chemical, and enzymatic ways have a wide impact on the properties of millet starch. The present review summarizes the nutritional, bioactive and therapeutic potential of minor millets, along with ways of starch modification and product development through millet involvement. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Kaur
- Department of Food Technology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Singh
- Department of Food Technology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh, Punjab, India
| | - Shweta Suri
- Amity Institute of Food Technology (AIFT), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Muhammad Usman
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Mirmadan Mohanlal Government Polytechnic, Nadia, India
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17
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Wu J, Warren FJ. The impact of the soluble protein fraction and kernel hardness on wheat flour starch digestibility. Food Chem 2023; 406:135047. [PMID: 36459801 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Wheat is the staple crop for 35% of the world's population, providing a major source of calories, mainly in the form of starch. The digestibility of wheat starch varies between different flours and products. Wheat products that are rapidly digested elicit large post-prandial glucose peaks associated with metabolic disorders. We investigated the impact of protein on starch digestion in three commercial flours with different grain hardness. A soluble extract of wheat proteins reduced starch digestion, even following gastric proteolysis. This extract was enriched in proteinaceous α-amylase inhibitors which were partially degraded during gastric proteolysis. Starch digestion kinetic analysis was carried out for flour samples pre-treated with different pepsin activities. The rate of starch digestion was altered following pepsin pre-digestion, and the extent of starch digestion increased in response to pepsin pre-digestion. We conclude that soluble proteinaceous alpha-amylase inhibitors present in wheat can escape gastric digestion and significantly contribute to reducing starch digestion in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
| | - Frederick J Warren
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.
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18
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Yang H, Zhao J, Ma H, Shi Z, Huang X, Fan G. Shading affects the starch structure and digestibility of wheat by regulating the photosynthetic light response of flag leaves. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123972. [PMID: 36906208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy haze-induced decreases in solar radiation represent an important factor that affects the structural properties of starch macromolecules. However, the relationship between the photosynthetic light response of flag leaves and the structural properties of starch remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of light deprivation (60 %) during the vegetative-growth or grain-filling stage on the leaf light response, starch structure, and biscuit-baking quality of four wheat cultivars with contrasting shade tolerance. Shading decreased the apparent quantum yield and maximum net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves, resulting in a lower grain-filling rate and starch content and higher protein content. Shading decreased the starch, amylose, and small starch granule amount and swelling power but increased the larger starch granule amount. Under shade stress, the lower amylose content decreased the resistant starch content while increasing the starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index. Shading during the vegetative-growth stage increased starch crystallinity, 1045/1022 cm-1 ratio, starch viscosity, and the biscuit spread ratio, while shading during the grain-filling stage decreased these values. Overall, this study indicated that low light affects the starch structure and biscuit spread ratio by regulating the photosynthetic light response of flag leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiarong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hongliang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610061, PR China.
| | - Xiulan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Gaoqiong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology & Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China.
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19
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Fabrication of octenyl succinic anhydride starch grafted with folic acid and its loading potential for doxorubicin hydrochloride. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123907. [PMID: 36870656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch with different folic acid (FA) grafting time was prepared and the degree of FA substitution at different grafting time was determined. The results of XPS quantitatively reflected the surface elemental composition of OSA starch grafted with FA. FTIR spectra further confirmed the successful introduction of FA on OSA starch granules. SEM images showed that the surface roughness of OSA starch granules was more obvious with higher FA grafting time. The particle size, zeta potential, and swelling properties were determined to study the effect of FA on the structure of OSA starch. TGA indicated that FA effectively enhanced the thermal stability of OSA starch at high temperature. The crystalline form of the OSA starch gradually transformed from A type to a hybrid A and V-type with the progress of FA grafting reaction. In addition, the anti-digestive properties of OSA starch were enhanced after grafting FA. Using doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) as the model drug, the loading efficiency of OSA starch grafted with FA for DOX reached 87.71 %. These results provide novel insights into OSA starch grafted with FA as potential strategy for loading DOX.
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20
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The Interplay of Dietary Fibers and Intestinal Microbiota Affects Type 2 Diabetes by Generating Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051023. [PMID: 36900540 PMCID: PMC10001013 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Foods contain dietary fibers which can be classified into soluble and insoluble forms. The nutritional composition of fast foods is considered unhealthy because it negatively affects the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Dietary fiber is resistant to digestive enzymes in the gut, which modulates the anaerobic intestinal microbiota (AIM) and fabricates SCFAs. Acetate, butyrate, and propionate are dominant in the gut and are generated via Wood-Ljungdahl and acrylate pathways. In pancreatic dysfunction, the release of insulin/glucagon is impaired, leading to hyperglycemia. SCFAs enhance insulin sensitivity or secretion, beta-cell function, leptin release, mitochondrial function, and intestinal gluconeogenesis in human organs, which positively affects type 2 diabetes (T2D). Research models have shown that SCFAs either enhance the release of peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from L-cells (entero-endocrine), or promotes the release of leptin hormone in adipose tissues through G-protein receptors GPR-41 and GPR-43. Dietary fiber is a component that influences the production of SCFAs by AIM, which may have beneficial effects on T2D. This review focuses on the effectiveness of dietary fiber in producing SCFAs in the colon by the AIM as well as the health-promoting effects on T2D.
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21
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Sahoo B, Kumari A, Sarkhel S, Jha S, Mukherjee A, Jain M, Mohan A, Roy A. Rice Starch Phase Transition and Detection During Resistant Starch Formation. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2163498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijendra Sahoo
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ankanksha Kumari
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shubhajit Sarkhel
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shipra Jha
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Arunima Mukherjee
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Mahima Jain
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Georgia, USA
| | - Anand Mohan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Georgia, Georgia, USA
| | - Anupam Roy
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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22
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Wu X, Jiang Y, Wang X, Fang Y, Lin Q, Ding Y. Structural and in vitro starch digestion properties of starch-fatty acid nanocomplexes: effect of chain lengths and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7239-7248. [PMID: 35730731 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The structural and digestion properties of starch-lipid complexes are closely related to the properties of lipids. The chain length and degree of unsaturation of fatty acids (FAs), which can affect the structural and digestion properties of starch-lipid nanocomplexes, therefore need to be examined in detail to gain a better understanding of this. In this study, the effects of chain length (10-18 carbons) and degree of unsaturation (0-2) of FA on the structural and in vitro starch digestion properties of high amylose corn starch (HAS)-FA nanocomplexes were investigated, as was the correlation between their structural alterations and digestibility. RESULTS This study showed that HAS-FA nanocomplexes with 10-carbon (38.55%) and 12-carbon (44.56%) FAs displayed high-resistant starch (RS) and slowly digestible starch (SDS) content, whereas those with 18-carbon FAs with two double bonds exhibited low RS + SDS content (23.41%). The complexing index, R1047/1022 , relative crystallinity, and enthalpy change in the HAS-FA nanocomplexes also increased with the reduction in the chain length (except for 10-carbon FA) and the degree of unsaturation of FAs, whereas the equilibrium hydrolysis percentage, kinetic constant and apparent amylose content showed an opposite trend. CONCLUSION Chain length and degree of unsaturation of FAs affected the digestibility of HAS-FA nanocomplexes. The HAS-FA nanocomplexes with 12-carbon FAs displayed high RS + SDS content with higher degrees of molecular order at long-range and short-range levels. Results provided guidelines to regulate the digestibility of starch-fatty acid nanocomplexes by varying the FA structures. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonian Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yuling Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Technology Institute of Silk and Mulberry, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, China
| | - Yong Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yongbo Ding
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food For Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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23
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Comparative Evaluation of Hydrothermally Produced Rice Starch-Phenolic Complexes: Contributions of Phenolic Type, Plasma-Activated Water, and Ultrasonication. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233826. [PMID: 36496635 PMCID: PMC9736625 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A thorough investigation of the viability of rice starch conjugation with three different phenolic compounds-gallic acid, sinapic acid, and crude Mon-pu (Glochidion wallichianum Muell Arg) (MP) extract-was conducted using a variety of developed methods which modified the techno-functionality and digestibility of the end product. With and without the aid of ultrasonication (US), phenolic compounds were complexed with hydrothermally pre-gelatinized rice starch prepared using distilled water or plasma-activated water (PAW). The in vitro digestibility, structural features, rheological and thermal properties, and in vitro antioxidant activity of starch-phenolic complexes were evaluated. The US-assisted starch-MP complex in water had the highest complexing index (CI) value (77.11%) and resistant starch (RS) content (88.35%), resulting in a more compact and stable ordered structure. In all complexes, XRD revealed a new minor crystalline region of V-type, which was stabilized by hydrogen bonding as defined by FTIR and H1-NMR. Polyphenols caused a looser gel structure of starch, as imaged by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Starch-phenolic complexes outperformed other complexes in terms of in vitro antioxidant activity. Gallic acid addition to starch molecules boosted DPPH scavenging activity, notably when synthesized in PAW regardless of US assistance, although having lower CI and RS values than the MP complex. Therefore, this research lays the groundwork for the efficient production of functional food ingredients based on rice starch and polyphenols.
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24
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Changes in Starch In Vitro Digestibility and Properties of Cassava Flour Due to Pulsed Electric Field Processing. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223714. [PMID: 36429307 PMCID: PMC9689122 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The research aimed to investigate the effect of pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on cassava flour at mild intensities (1, 2, and 4 kV/cm) combined with elevated levels of specific energy input (250−500 kJ/kg). Influences on starch digestibility, morphological characteristics, birefringence, short-range order and thermal properties were evaluated. Application of PEF at energy input no greater than 250 kJ/kg had negligible influence on the different starch digestion fractions of cassava flour but raised the rapidly digestible starch fraction at a combined electric field strength >1 kV/cm and energy input >350 kJ/kg. Morphological evaluation revealed that at this PEF combination, cassava starch’s external structure was consistently altered with swelling and disintegration, albeit some granules remained intact. Consequently, this led to disruption in the internal crystalline structure, supported by progressive loss of birefringence and significantly lower absorbance ratio at 1047/1022 cm−1. These physical and microstructural changes of the inherent starch promoted the shift in gelatinization temperatures to a higher temperature and reduced the gelatinization enthalpy. The study demonstrated that PEF can be utilized to change the starch fraction of cassava flour, which is driven by electric field strength and specific energy input, causing changes in the starch-related properties leading to increased digestibility.
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25
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Sahoo B, Roy A. Structure–function relationship of resistant starch formation: Enhancement technologies and need for more viable alternatives for whole rice grains. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijendra Sahoo
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Ranchi Jharkhand India
| | - Anupam Roy
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Ranchi Jharkhand India
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26
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Xiang G, Li J, Han W, Yang Y, Lin Q, Yang Y, Liu Q, Guo X, Pan Q, Huang Z, Cao L. The Influence of Temperature Changes on the Rice Starch Structure and Digestive Characteristics: One and Two-Step Annealing. Foods 2022; 11:3641. [PMID: 36429234 PMCID: PMC9688990 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of annealing on the structural and physicochemical properties of rice starch below the onset temperature (To) by 5 °C and 15 °C. The results revealed that annealing improved the gelatinization temperature of rice starch, decreased the swelling power, solubility, and paste viscosity of rice starch, and had no significant effects on the morphological structure and crystal configuration of rice starch. In one-step annealing, the annealing temperature of 60 °C is more conducive to the rearrangement of starch molecules, so its crystallinity, short-range ordered structure, and gelatinization temperature are higher than at 50 °C; however, its RDS, SDS, and RS contents will be increased. During the two-step annealing treatment, the temperature change is not conducive to the molecular chain rearrangement and to the formation of perfect crystalline structure, which increases the sensitivity of enzymes to starch, so the RDS content of starch increases significantly, while the RS content decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyuan Xiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wenfang Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yaqin Yang
- National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ying Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qiongxiang Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qianru Pan
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhengyu Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lingxue Cao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Control of Diseases and Pests of South Plantation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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27
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Bilgic H, Sensoy I. Effect of psyllium and cellulose fiber addition on the structure and the starch digestibility of bread and crackers. FOOD STRUCTURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foostr.2022.100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Wu X, Tan M, Zhu Y, Duan H, Ramaswamy HS, Bai W, Wang C. The Influence of High Pressure Processing and Germination on Anti-Nutrients Contents, in Vitro Amino Acid Release and Mineral Digestibility of Soybeans. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Chumsri P, Panpipat W, Cheong LZ, Chaijan M. Formation of Intermediate Amylose Rice Starch-Lipid Complex Assisted by Ultrasonication. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162430. [PMID: 36010430 PMCID: PMC9407459 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the potential reduction in starch availability, as well as the production of the distinct physico-chemical characteristics of starch in order to improve health benefits, the formation of starch–lipid complexes has attracted significant attention for improving the quantity of resistant starch (RS) content in starchy-based foods. The purpose of this research was to apply ultrasonication to produce intermediate amylose rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Noui Khuea (NK) starch–fatty acid (FA) complexes. The effects of ultrasonically synthesized conditions (ultrasonic time, ultrasonic amplitude, FA chain length) on the complexing index (CI) and in vitro digestibility of the starch–FA complex were highlighted. The optimum conditions were 7.5% butyric acid with 20% amplitude for 30 min, as indicated by a high CI and RS contents. The ultrasonically treated starch–butyric complex had the highest RS content of 80.78% with a V-type XRD pattern and an additional FTIR peak at 1709 cm−1. The increase in the water/oil absorption capacity and swelling index were observed in the starch–lipid complex. The pasting viscosity and pasting/melting temperatures were lower than those of native starch, despite the fact that it had a distinct morphological structure with a high proportion of flaky and grooved forms. The complexes were capable of binding bile acid, scavenging the DPPH radical, and stimulating the bifidobacterial proliferation better than native starch, which differed depending on the FA inclusion. Therefore, developing a rice starch–lipid complex can be achieved via ultrasonication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramee Chumsri
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Worawan Panpipat
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-7567-2319; Fax: +66-7567-2302
| | - Ling-Zhi Cheong
- Zhejiang-Malaysia Joint Research Laboratory for Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Manat Chaijan
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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30
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Mulargia LI, Lemmens E, Reyniers S, Korompokis K, Gebruers K, Warren FJ, Delcour JA. The impact of cyclodextrins on the in vitro digestion of native and gelatinised starch and starch present in a sugar-snap cookie. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Xu X, Bean S, Wu X, Shi YC. Effects of protein digestion on in vitro digestibility of starch in sorghum differing in endosperm hardness and flour particle size. Food Chem 2022; 383:132635. [PMID: 35413766 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In vitro digestibility of starch in sorghum grains differing in endosperm hardness and flour particle size was investigated. The starch digestibility increased as the particle size of flour decreased, but no clear trend was observed in digestibility of starch in sorghum flours milled from grains with different hardness. The protein matrix affected the digestion of starch. The pH value (2.0 vs. 1.3) was a critical factor affecting protein digestion. Optimum pH (pH 2.0 for pepsin) digested more protein, resulting in a greater digestion of starch. Resistant starch (RS) content was 8.5-26.3% in isolated sorghum starch but higher (10.6-29.5%) in sorghum flours. Protein digestibility decreased after cooking while starch digestibility increased compared to native sorghum flours; disulfide bonds formed between protein molecules. RS content of cooked sorghum flour was much higher without pepsin treatment (16.93-23.99%) than that of cooked sorghum flour with pepsin treatment (4.86-12.53%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xu
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Scott Bean
- Grain Quality & Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USADA-ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- Grain Quality & Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USADA-ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA
| | - Yong-Cheng Shi
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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32
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Sevilmis B, Sensoy I. Effects of psyllium fiber on in vitro digestion and structure of different types of starches. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3213-3226. [PMID: 34796511 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Starch digestibility in foods strongly depends on the structure, other ingredients and processing conditions used. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psyllium fiber on gelatinization, crystallinity and in vitro digestibility of starches having different crystalline structures (A, B and C). Wheat, potato and tapioca starches with and without added psyllium fiber were heated at 90 °C for 10 min at three different solid:water (w:v) ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 1:5). The added fiber content was 50% (dry base) in the solid fraction for the fiber-added samples. RESULTS Wheat, potato and tapioca starches showed different structural, morphological and starch digestibility properties. The effect of cooking and fiber addition on starch digestion differed for the starch types, mainly wheat starch. Psyllium addition during cooking decreased the rapidly digestible starch (RDS) fractions while increasing the slowly digestible starch (SDS) and remaining/resistant starch (RS) fractions. The effect of psyllium fiber addition was not limited to restricting the swelling and gelatinization of starch granules during heating. Psyllium fiber effectively restricted the mobility of digestive enzymes during digestion. CONCLUSION Understanding the relationship between psyllium and starch digestibility for different types of starch could assist in designing food formulations with lower starch digestibility. These in vitro data, however, should be confirmed by in vivo studies. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basak Sevilmis
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilkay Sensoy
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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33
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Modulating the digestibility of cassava starch by esterification with phenolic acids. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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35
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Huang S, Chi C, Li X, Zhang Y, Chen L. Understanding the structure, digestibility, texture and flavor attributes of rice noodles complexation with xanthan and dodecyl gallate. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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36
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Sopade PA. Homogeneities in
in vitro
starch digestion of compositionally heterogenous white wheat breads. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Adeoye Sopade
- Food Process Engineering Consultants Abeokuta Cottage, Tia Lane Forest Lake QLD 4078 Australia
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37
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Atac LE, Sensoy I. Effects of psyllium and cellulose fibres on thermal, structural, and
in vitro
digestion behaviour of wheat starch. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Elif Atac
- Department of Food Engineering Middle East Technical University Universiteler Mahallesi Cankaya Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Ilkay Sensoy
- Department of Food Engineering Middle East Technical University Universiteler Mahallesi Cankaya Ankara 06800 Turkey
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38
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Rearranged supramolecular structure of resistant starch with polymorphic microcrystals prepared in high-solid enzymatic system. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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39
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Butterworth PJ, Bajka BH, Edwards CH, Warren FJ, Ellis PR. Enzyme kinetic approach for mechanistic insight and predictions of in vivo starch digestibility and the glycaemic index of foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022; 120:254-264. [PMID: 35210697 PMCID: PMC8850932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Starch is a principal dietary source of digestible carbohydrate and energy. Glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to foods containing starch vary considerably and glucose responses to starchy foods are often described by the glycaemic index (GI) and/or glycaemic load (GL). Low GI/GL foods are beneficial in the management of cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease). Differences in rates and extents of digestion of starch-containing foods will affect postprandial glycaemia. SCOPE AND APPROACH Amylolysis kinetics are influenced by structural properties of the food matrix and of starch itself. Native (raw) semi-crystalline starch is digested slowly but hydrothermal processing (cooking) gelatinises the starch and greatly increases its digestibility. In plants, starch granules are contained within cells and intact cell walls can limit accessibility of water and digestive enzymes hindering gelatinisation and digestibility. In vitro studies of starch digestion by α-amylase model early stages in digestion and can suggest likely rates of digestion in vivo and expected glycaemic responses. Reports that metabolic responses to dietary starch are influenced by α-amylase gene copy number, heightens interest in amylolysis. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS This review shows how enzyme kinetic strategies can provide explanations for differences in digestion rate of different starchy foods. Michaelis-Menten and Log of Slope analyses provide kinetic parameters (e.g., K m and k cat /K m ) for evaluating catalytic efficiency and ease of digestibility of starch by α-amylase. Suitable kinetic methods maximise the information that can be obtained from in vitro work for predictions of starch digestion and glycaemic responses in vivo.
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Key Words
- AMY1, human salivary α-amylase gene
- AMY2, human pancreatic α-amylase gene
- Alpha-amylase
- BMI, body mass index
- CE, catalytic efficiency
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Enzyme kinetics
- Fto, alpha-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase gene
- GI, glycaemic index
- GIT, gastrointestinal tract
- GL, glycaemic load
- GLUT2, glucose transporter 2
- Gene copy number
- HI, hydrolysis index
- IC50, inhibitor concentration causing 50% inhibition
- LOS, logarithm of slope plot
- Metabolic significance
- RDS, rapidly digestible starch
- RS, resistant starch
- Resistant starch
- SCFAs, short chain fatty acids
- SDS, slowly digestible starch
- SGLT1, sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter
- Starch digestion
- XRD, X-ray diffraction
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Butterworth
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Balázs H. Bajka
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Cathrina H. Edwards
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Frederick J. Warren
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Peter R. Ellis
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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40
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Liu X, Huang S, Chao C, Yu J, Copeland L, Wang S. Changes of starch during thermal processing of foods: Current status and future directions. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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41
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Fan L, Ye Q, Lu W, Chen D, Zhang C, Xiao L, Meng X, Lee YC, Wang HMD, Xiao C. The properties and preparation of functional starch: a review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2015375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lvting Fan
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Di Chen
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cen Zhang
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihan Xiao
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Chieh Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chaogeng Xiao
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Abstract
As the prevalence of obesity and diabetes has continued to increase rapidly in recent years, dietary approaches to regulating glucose homeostasis have gained more attention. Starch is the major source of glucose in the human diet and can have diverse effects, depending on its rate and extent of digestion in the small intestine, on postprandial glycemic response, which over time is associated with blood glucose abnormalities, insulin sensitivity, and even appetitive response and food intake. The classification of starch bioavailability into rapidly digestible starch, slowly digestible starch, and resistant starch highlights the nutritional values of different starches. As starch is the main structure-building macroconstituent of foods, its bioavailability can be manipulated by selection of food matrices with varying degrees of susceptibility to amylolysis and food processing to retain or develop new matrices. In this review, the food factors that may modulate starch bioavailability, with a focus on food matrices, are assessed for a better understanding of their potential contribution to human health. Aspects affecting starch nutritional properties as well as production strategies for healthy foods are also reviewed, e.g., starch characteristics (different type, structure, and modification), food physical properties (food form, viscosity, and integrity), food matrix interactions (lipid, protein, nonstarch polysaccharide, phytochemicals, organic acid, and enzyme inhibitor), and food processing (milling, cooking, and storage).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China;
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; .,Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1160, USA;
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44
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Eyinla TE, Sanusi RA, Maziya-Dixon B. Effect of processing and variety on starch digestibility and glycemic index of popular foods made from cassava (Manihot esculenta). Food Chem 2021; 356:129664. [PMID: 33813203 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly increasing even in populations with significant undernutrition. The role of energy dense staple crops such as cassava is under query and not yet well understood. In this study, varieties of cassava, made into popular SSA products (fufu and gari dough) were studied for their resistant starch (RS), rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and glycemic index (GI). While the glycemic properties of the varieties studied did not differ significantly, processing any variety into either fufu or gari distinctly impacted RS, RDS and predicted GI (pGI) differently. Specifically, fufu had highest range of RS (1.1-2.1 g/100 g) while gari dough had highest RDS (1.1-1.4 g/100 g) and pGI (54-67). The results from this probe imply that fufu, when consumed, will release glucose in a slower manner than gari, therefore may be better suited in the dietary prevention and management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toluwalope Emmanuel Eyinla
- Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5230, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 22133, Nigeria
| | - Rasaki Ajani Sanusi
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, PO Box 22133, Nigeria
| | - Busie Maziya-Dixon
- Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5230, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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Mahajan P, Bera MB, Panesar PS, Chauhan A. Millet starch: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:61-79. [PMID: 33727186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The demand for millets and their products is becoming popular globally due to their various health-promoting properties. The major constituent of the millet is its starch which contributes about 70% of total millet grain and decides the quality of millet-based food products. The application of starch for various purposes is dependent upon its physicochemical, structural, and functional properties. A native starch does not possess all the required properties for a specific use. However, product-specific properties can be achieved by modifying the structure of starches. Information deficit on millet starch has undermined its potential use in new food product design. The objective of this review is to examine the chemical composition, characterization, structural chemistry, digestibility, hydrolysis, and modification techniques of the millet starches. The review paper also discusses the various applications of native and modified starches in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Mahajan
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, 148106 Sangrur, Punjab, India
| | - Manab B Bera
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, 148106 Sangrur, Punjab, India.
| | - Parmjit S Panesar
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, 148106 Sangrur, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Chauhan
- Department of Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
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46
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Gallego-Lobillo P, Ferreira-Lazarte A, Hernández-Hernández O, Villamiel M. In vitro digestion of polysaccharides: InfoGest protocol and use of small intestinal extract from rat. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110054. [PMID: 33648279 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Starch, dextran, pectin and modified citrus pectin were subjected to intestinal digestion following InfoGest protocol and a rat small intestine extract (RSIE) treatment. Gastric stage did not show any modification in the structure of the carbohydrates, except for modified pectin. Regarding intestinal phases, starch was hydrolyzed by different ways, resulting in a complementary behavior between InfoGest and RSIE. Contrarily, digestion of dextran was only observed using RSIE. Similar situation occurred in the case of pectins with RSIE, obtaining a partial hydrolysis, especially in the modified citrus pectin. However, citrus pectin was the less prone to hydrolysis by enzymes. The results demonstrated that InfoGest method underestimates the significance of the carbohydrates hydrolysis at the small intestine, thus indicating that RSIE is a very reliable and useful method for a more realistic study of polysaccharides digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gallego-Lobillo
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alvaro Ferreira-Lazarte
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oswaldo Hernández-Hernández
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mar Villamiel
- Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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47
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Nishinari K, Fang Y. Molar mass effect in food and health. Food Hydrocoll 2021; 112:106110. [PMID: 32895590 PMCID: PMC7467918 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is demanded to supply foods with good quality for all the humans. With the advent of aging society, palatable and healthy foods are required to improve the quality of life and reduce the burden of finance for medical expenditure. Food hydrocolloids can contribute to this demand by versatile functions such as thickening, gelling, stabilising, and emulsifying, controlling texture and flavour release in food processing. Molar mass effects on viscosity and diffusion in liquid foods, and on mechanical and other physical properties of solid and semi-solid foods and films are overviewed. In these functions, the molar mass is one of the key factors, and therefore, the effects of molar mass on various health problems related to noncommunicable diseases or symptoms such as cancer, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, constipation, high blood pressure, knee pain, osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis and dysphagia are described. Understanding these problems only from the viewpoint of molar mass is limited since other structural characteristics, conformation, branching, blockiness in copolymers such as pectin and alginate, degree of substitution as well as the position of the substituents are sometimes the determining factor rather than the molar mass. Nevertheless, comparison of different behaviours and functions in different polymers from the viewpoint of molar mass is expected to be useful to find a common characteristics, which may be helpful to understand the mechanism in other problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, PR China
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-6565, Japan
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Li L, Liu Z, Zhang W, Xue B, Luo Z. Production and Applications of Amylose‐Lipid Complexes as Resistant Starch: Recent Approaches. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Food Science College Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D of Tibetan Agricultural and Pastoral Resources Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University Nyingchi Tibet 860000 China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Food Science College Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D of Tibetan Agricultural and Pastoral Resources Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University Nyingchi Tibet 860000 China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Institute of Agriculture Products Development and Food Science Research Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Science Lhasa 850032 China
| | - Bei Xue
- Food Science College Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D of Tibetan Agricultural and Pastoral Resources Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University Nyingchi Tibet 860000 China
| | - Zhang Luo
- Food Science College Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D of Tibetan Agricultural and Pastoral Resources Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University Nyingchi Tibet 860000 China
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Cesbron-Lavau G, Goux A, Atkinson F, Meynier A, Vinoy S. Deep Dive Into the Effects of Food Processing on Limiting Starch Digestibility and Lowering the Glycemic Response. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020381. [PMID: 33530525 PMCID: PMC7912248 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During processing of cereal-based food products, starch undergoes dramatic changes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of food processing on the starch digestibility profile of cereal-based foods using advanced imaging techniques, and to determine the effect of preserving starch in its native, slowly digestible form on its in vivo metabolic fate. Four different food products using different processing technologies were evaluated: extruded products, rusks, soft-baked cakes, and rotary-molded biscuits. Imaging techniques (X-ray diffraction, micro-X-ray microtomography, and electronic microscopy) were used to investigate changes in slowly digestible starch (SDS) structure that occurred during these different food processing technologies. For in vivo evaluation, International Standards for glycemic index (GI) methodology were applied on 12 healthy subjects. Rotary molding preserved starch in its intact form and resulted in the highest SDS content (28 g/100 g) and a significantly lower glycemic and insulinemic response, while the three other technologies resulted in SDS contents below 3 g/100 g. These low SDS values were due to greater disruption of the starch structure, which translated to a shift from a crystalline structure to an amorphous one. Modulation of postprandial glycemia, through starch digestibility modulation, is a meaningful target for the prevention of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Cesbron-Lavau
- Nutrition Research, Mondelēz International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (G.C.-L.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Aurélie Goux
- Nutrition Research, Mondelēz International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (G.C.-L.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Fiona Atkinson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and the Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Alexandra Meynier
- Nutrition Research, Mondelēz International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (G.C.-L.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Sophie Vinoy
- Nutrition Research, Mondelēz International R&D, 91400 Saclay, France; (G.C.-L.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-8311-4578
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50
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Huang Y, Dhital S, Liu F, Fu X, Huang Q, Zhang B. Cell wall permeability of pinto bean cotyledon cells regulate in vitro fecal fermentation and gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:6070-6082. [PMID: 34042922 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00488c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Processing induced structural changes of whole foods for the regulation of the colonic fermentation rate and microbiota composition are least understood and often overlooked. In the present study, intact cotyledon cells from pinto beans were isolated as a whole pulse food model and subjected to a series of processing temperatures to modulate the structure, most dominantly the cell wall permeability. The cell wall permeability, observed with the diffusion of fluorescently labeled dextran (FITC-dextran), was increased as a function of the hydrothermal temperature, which is in line with the rise in the in vitro fecal fermentation rate and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from the pinto bean cells. Further, the abundance of beneficial microbiota, such as Roseburia, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroides, and Coprococcus, were significantly higher for cells processed at 100 °C compared to the 60 °C-treated ones. We conclude that cell wall provides an effective barrier for the microbial fermentation of intact cells. With an increase in cell wall permeability, microbes and/or microbial enzymes have easier access to intracellular starch for fermentation, leading to an increase in the production of metabolites and the abundance of beneficial microbes. Thus, desired colonic fermentation profiles can be achieved with the controlled processing of whole foods for enhanced gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. and SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai 519175, China
| | - Sushil Dhital
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton Campus, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Feitong Liu
- H&H Group Global Research and Technology Center, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Xiong Fu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. and SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai 519175, China and Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. and SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai 519175, China and Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. and SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai 519175, China and Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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