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Negi T, Kumar A, Sharma SK, Rawat N, Saini D, Sirohi R, Prakash O, Dubey A, Dutta A, Shahi NC. Deep eutectic solvents: Preparation, properties, and food applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28784. [PMID: 38617909 PMCID: PMC11015381 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) emerge as innovative 21st-century solvents, supplanting traditional ones like ethanol and n-hexane. Renowned for their non-toxic, biodegradable, and water-miscible nature with reduced volatility, DESs are mostly synthesized through heating and stirring method. Physicochemical properties such as polarity, viscosity, density and surface tension of DESs influenced their application. This review paper gives the overview of application of eco-benign DESs in fruits, vegetables, cereals, pulses, spices, herbs, plantation crops, oil seed crops, medicinal and aromatic plants, seaweed, and milk for the extraction of bioactive compounds. Also, it gives insight of determination of pesticides, insecticides, hazardous and toxic compounds, removal of heavy metals, detection of illegal milk additive, purification of antibiotics and preparation of packaging film. Methodologies for separating bioactive compounds from DESs extracts are systematically examined. Further, safety regulations of DESs are briefly discussed and reviewed literature reveals prevalent utilization of DES-based bioactive compound rich extracts in cosmetics, indicating untapped potential of their application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru Negi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Satish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neha Rawat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepa Saini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, 303329, Rajasthan, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ashutosh Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anuradha Dutta
- Department of Foods & Nutrition, College of Community Sciences, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Navin Chand Shahi
- Department of Post-Harvest Process and Food Engineering, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
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Ianni F, Scandar S, Mangiapelo L, Blasi F, Marcotullio MC, Cossignani L. NADES-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Coriander Seeds: A Systematic Optimization Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2048. [PMID: 38136168 PMCID: PMC10741060 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Coriandrum sativum L. seeds are widely recognized for their traditional use in medicine. Among the most investigated components, the terpenoid linalool and monounsaturated petroselinic acid have attracted interest for their nutritional value. Instead, minor attention was paid to the polyphenolic fraction, resulting still being incomplete today. This study aimed to develop a systematic approach in which green natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) were combined with conventional (maceration, MAC) or non-conventional (ultrasound-assisted extraction, UAE) techniques in a one-step methodology to recover polyphenols from coriander seeds. The NADES system choline chloride-citric acid (ChCl:CA, 1:1) was firstly evaluated, coupled with MAC or UAE, and then compared with ChCl-Urea (ChCl:Ur, 1:1) and ChCl-Glucose (ChCl:Glu, 1:1) under optimal conditions (20 min extraction time). The system ChCl:Ur UAE significantly improved the extraction of chlorogenic acid and its isomer (453.90 ± 4.77 and 537.42 ± 1.27 µg/g, respectively), while the system ChCl:Glu UAE improved the extraction of protocatechuic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids (131.13 ± 6.16, 269.03 ± 4.15 and 57.36 ± 0.06 µg/g, respectively). The highest levels of rutin were obtained with ChCl:CA-based NADES when the MAC technique was applied (820.31 ± 28.59 µg/g). These findings indicate that the NADES composition could be appropriately modulated to tailor extraction towards higher levels of a desirable bioactive for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ianni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food, Biochemical, Physiological and Nutrition Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Samir Scandar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Morphological, Biomolecular, Nutraceutical and Health Sciences (SIMBIONUS), University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Luciano Mangiapelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food, Biochemical, Physiological and Nutrition Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesca Blasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food, Biochemical, Physiological and Nutrition Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Maria Carla Marcotullio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Morphological, Biomolecular, Nutraceutical and Health Sciences (SIMBIONUS), University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Lina Cossignani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Food, Biochemical, Physiological and Nutrition Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (L.M.); (F.B.); (L.C.)
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Zhao J, Quinto M, Zakia F, Li D. Microextraction of essential oils: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464357. [PMID: 37696126 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Liquid phase microextraction (LPME) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) are popular extraction techniques for sample preparation due to their green and highly efficient single-step extraction efficiency. With the increasing attention to essential oils, their evaluation and analysis are significant in analytical sciences. In this review, starting from a brief description of the recent advances in the last decade, the attention has been focused on the up-to-date research works and applications based on liquid and solid phase microextraction for essential oil analyses. Particular attention has been given to the approaches using ionic liquids, eutectic solvents, gas flow assisted, and novel composite materials. In the end, the technological convergence of novel microextraction of essential oils in the future has been prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Maurizio Quinto
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China; Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Fatima Zakia
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China; Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, Jilin, China.
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Sik B, Kovács K, Lakatos E, Kapcsándi V, Székelyhidi R. Increasing the functionality of sponge cakes by mint, and cocoa powder addition. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20029. [PMID: 37809425 PMCID: PMC10559764 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
While sponge cake is one of the most well-liked cookies in the world, mint and cocoa have both been shown to be excellent sources of antioxidant compounds. Therefore, the aim of the study was to create functional sponge cakes with the addition of Dutch cocoa powder and different types of mint, with proven increased total antioxidant and polyphenol content. Additionally, made an effort to produce functional sponge cakes enhanced with cocoa powder and dried, ground mint leaves. To accomplish this, the cakes with cocoa addition were also added 1, 3, and 5% of the ground mint variety, and then the changes in their antioxidant and polyphenol content were assessed. To prove the functionality of cakes, total polyphenol content was detected by Folin-Ciocalteu, while all antioxidant content was measured by the FRAP method. The spectrophotometric analysis supported the functionality of sponge cakes and the baking losses of identified components. The total polyphenol content of baked goods ranged from 1.37 to 1.66 mg GAE/g for peppermint cakes, from 1.66 to 1.87 mg GAE/g for spearmint cakes, and from 1.20 to 1.68 mg GAE/g for strawberry mint sponge cakes. The total antioxidant content of the functional cakes changed between 1.84 and 2.82 mg AAE/g for peppermint cakes, from 1.84 to 4.00 mg AAE/g for spearmint cakes, and from 1.56 to 2.94 mg GAE/g for strawberry mint sponge cakes. The natural control samples, and control sponge cakes made without mint addition with only cocoa powder always had lower levels of polyphenols and antioxidants. All samples had baking loss (control samples had the highest in all cases), but strawberry mint samples had the least of it when it came to antioxidant content and spearmint samples had the least in the case of polyphenol content. Overall, mints and Dutch cocoa powder are appropriate for the production of functional bakery goods because they give the final product a tasty flavor and provide a significant amount of antioxidants and polyphenols despite baking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Sik
- Department of Food Science, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosomagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony Street 15-17, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Food Science, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosomagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony Street 15-17, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Erika Lakatos
- Department of Food Science, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosomagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony Street 15-17, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Viktória Kapcsándi
- Department of Food Science, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosomagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony Street 15-17, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Rita Székelyhidi
- Department of Food Science, Albert Kázmér Faculty of Mosomagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, Lucsony Street 15-17, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
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Usmani Z, Sharma M, Tripathi M, Lukk T, Karpichev Y, Gathergood N, Singh BN, Thakur VK, Tabatabaei M, Gupta VK. Biobased natural deep eutectic system as versatile solvents: Structure, interaction and advanced applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163002. [PMID: 37003333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emphasis on the development of green replacements to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) can be attributed to the rising concerns over human health and detrimental impacts of conventional solvents towards the environment. A new generation of solvents inspired by nature and extracted from plant bioresources has evolved over the last few years, and are referred to as natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). NADES are mixtures of natural constituents like sugars, polyalcohols, sugar-based alcohols, amino acids and organic acids. Interest in NADES has exponentially grown over the last eight years, which is evident from an upsurge in the number of research projects undertaken. NADES are highly biocompatible as they can be biosynthesized and metabolized by nearly all living organisms. These solvents pose several noteworthy advantages, such as easy synthesis, tuneable physico-chemical properties, low toxicity, high biodegradability, solute sustainability and stabilization and low melting point. Research on the applicability of NADES in diverse areas is gaining momentum, which includes as - media for chemical and enzymatic reactions; extraction media for essential oils; anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent; extraction of bioactive composites; as chromatographic media; preservatives for labile compounds and in drug synthesis. This review gives a complete overview of the properties, biodegradability and toxicity of NADES which we propose can assist in further knowledge generation on their significance in biological systems and usage in green and sustainable chemistry. Information on applications of NADES in biomedical, therapeutic and pharma-biotechnology fields is also highlighted in the current article along with the recent progress and future perspectives in novel applications of NADES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Usmani
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 793101, India; Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut-Condorcet, 7800 ATH, Belgium
| | - Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh 224001, India
| | - Tiit Lukk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Yevgen Karpichev
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Nicholas Gathergood
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Brahma N Singh
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
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Syarifah AN, Suryadi H, Hayun H, Simamora A, Mun’im A. Detoxification of comfrey ( Symphytum officinale L.) extract using natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1012716. [PMID: 36937831 PMCID: PMC10020234 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1012716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) contains rosmarinic acid which has different pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the medicinal use of comfrey is limited by the hepatotoxic effect of lycopsamine in comfrey, which overshadows the health benefits of rosmarinic acid. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have a wide range of extraction properties, that provides a new approach to the detoxification of comfrey. In the present study, betaine-based and choline chloride-based NADES were screened for selective extraction of rosmarinic acid over lycopsamine. Ultrasonication was used in conjunction with NADES extraction. The chemical profile of the NADES extracts on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatotoxic activities were investigated using some chemical reagents. Betaine-urea (1:2 molar ratio, 50% water) obtained the highest content of rosmarinic acid and a low level of lycopsamine (1.934 and 0.018 mg/g, respectively). Betaine-urea was also shown to be more effective to extract rosmarinic acid compared to methanol-UAE under the same conditions, which gave lower rosmarinic acid and higher lycopsamine levels (0.007 and 0.031 mg/g, respectively). Betaine-urea extracts showed higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as compared with other NADES extracts, however, had lower hepatotoxic profile. This study recommends the use of betaine-urea to detroxify comfrey to open wider opportunities for the development of comfrey for medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andiri Niza Syarifah
- Graduate Program, Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Depok, Indonesia
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herman Suryadi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Hayun Hayun
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical, Medicinal and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Adelina Simamora
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Indonesia
- National Metabolomic Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Mun’im
- National Metabolomic Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Abdul Mun’im,
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Mushtaq M, Butt FW, Akram S, Ashraf R, Ahmed D. Deep Eutectic Liquids as Tailorable Extraction Solvents: A Review of Opportunities and Challenges. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-27. [PMID: 36148704 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2125284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Liquids (DELs) fall among the rapidly evolving discoveries of the 21st century, and these liquids are considered as alternative solvents to toxic and volatile organic liquids. Nevertheless, the emerging trend regarding the use of DELs in every field of physical and biological sciences, a lot of ambiguities and misconceptions exist about their formation, mechanism, and efficiencies observed or projected. A review of available technical data makes it obvious that these liquids have the potential to revolutionize the underdeveloped areas of analytical chemistry particularly the extraction/enrichment of analytes. To ensure the green and sustainable use of DELs, the researchers need to have a thorough understanding of DELs, their classification, chemistry, the nature and strength of molecular entanglements, and their tailorable features. Many researchers have declared these liquids recyclable but more attentive trials are needed to develop an authentic and straightforward DELs recycling methodology. The present review covers sound background knowledge and expert opinions about the technical definition of DELs, their classification, formation, recyclability, and tailorable features for their application as extraction solvent/sorbent in analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faizan Waseem Butt
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumia Akram
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Dildar Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Kaoui S, Chebli B, Ait Baddi G, Basaid K, Mir Y. Response surface modeling and optimization of the extraction conditions using lactic acid-based deep eutectic solvents as green alternative extraction media for Mentha pulegium. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:906-914. [PMID: 35707926 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most recurrently available organic solvents are toxic and inflammable and pose high risks to human health. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been developed as promising green alternatives. OBJECTIVE We aimed to extract polyphenolic compounds from Mentha pulegium using lactic acid-based deep eutectic solvents. Extraction parameters were optimized by response surface methodology. MATERIAL AND METHODS Combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction, three different lactic acid-based deep eutectic solvents were investigated for the extraction of polyphenols. Methanol (80%, v/v) was used for comparison. The optimized influencing factors were: water content in solvent, extraction time, and temperature. The design was adopted including 17 experiments with three center points. RESULTS All NADESs tested showed an excellent extraction efficacy compared to 80% methanol. Under the optimized conditions, with 45% of water, at 30°C, and for extraction 90 min, the highest extraction yields were recorded using lactic acid:sodium acetate (3:1), achieving 173.35 ± 0.02 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (dw) of polyphenols and 95 ± 0.09% antioxidant activity. After extraction for 90 min at 80°C with 18% of water, we obtained 164.06 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g dw and 94 ± 0.02% antioxidant activity using lactic acid:glucose (5:1). Efficient recovery (64.92 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g dw and 97 ± 0.1% antioxidant activity) was achieved using lactic acid:glycine (3:1) with 31% of water, at 35°C, and extraction for 30 min. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that with optimized parameters, the proposed natural solvents are excellent alternatives to chemical ones for the extraction of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Kaoui
- Laboratory of Mechanic Process Energy and Environment, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Chebli
- Laboratory of Mechanic Process Energy and Environment, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Ghita Ait Baddi
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur et le Management de l'Energie (LASIME) Equipe Bioporcèdès et Environnement, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Khadija Basaid
- Laboratory of Mechanic Process Energy and Environment, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Youssef Mir
- MIBCM, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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Rodinkov O, Znamenskaya E, Spivakovsky V, Shilov R, Shishov A. Deep eutectic solvents-based headspace single-drop microextraction for the chromatographic determination of phenols and aliphatic alcohols in atmospheric air. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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A greener and sustainable route for medicinal plant analysis: Recycle utilization of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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The Feasibility of the Alcohol-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: From Thermophysical Characterization to Application in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Systems. J SOLUTION CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-022-01157-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li K, Nam JH, Kang S, Liu Y, Lee J. Carvone and its eutectic mixtures as novel, biodegradable, and tunable solvents to extract hydrophobic compounds in substitution for volatile toxic solvents. Food Chem 2021; 374:131630. [PMID: 34839972 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Finding safe solvents with low viscosities has been in great demand in extraction processes. Herein, R-(-)-carvone, a natural monoterpenoid rich in spearmint, was mixed with naturally occurring fatty acids and terpenes. Most eutectic mixtures presented a wide liquid window in the solid-liquid equilibrium phase diagrams. Carvone mixtures at the ideal eutectic points were characterized for physicochemical properties. Despite varying properties, all the tested solvents were immiscible with water and displayed low viscosity with reasonable biodegradability. Sigma potentials of the mixtures were applied to machine learning algorithms, suggesting carvone mixtures as substitutes for polar protic and dipolar aprotic solvents. Carvone mixtures could be successfully applied to liquid-liquid extraction of a red algae called laver, which is rich in natural hydrophobic and hydrophilic pigments of high value. This study proposes carvone as a new bio-based source of hydrophobic solvents and the eutectic mixtures as biodegradable and tunable solvents to extract hydrophobic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Nam
- Department of Big Data Science, Korea University-Sejong Campus, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgi Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuli Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmi Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Method Validation and Evaluation of Safrole Persistence in Cowpea Beans Using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226914. [PMID: 34834007 PMCID: PMC8618816 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinsecticides are regarded as important alternatives for controlling agricultural pests. However, few studies have determined the persistence of these compounds in stored grains. This study aimed at optimizing and validating a fast and effective method for extraction and quantification of residues of safrole (the main component of Piper hispidinervum essential oil) in cowpea beans. It also sought to assess the persistence of this substance in the grains treated by contact and fumigation. The proposed method used headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Factors such as temperature, extraction time and type of fiber were assessed to maximize the performance of the extraction technique. The performance of the method was appraised via the parameters selectivity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision, and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ of safrole were 0.0057 and 0.019 μg kg−1, respectively and the determination coefficient (R2) was >0.99. The relative recovery ranged from 99.26 to 104.85, with a coefficient of variation <15%. The validated method was applied to assess the persistence of safrole residue in grains, where concentrations ranged from 1.095 to 0.052 µg kg−1 (contact) and from 2.16 to 0.12 µg kg −1 (fumigation). The levels measured up from the fifth day represented less than 1% of the initial concentration, proving that safrole have low persistence in cowpea beans, thus being safe for bioinsecticide use. Thus, this work is relevant not only for the extraction method developed, but also for the possible use of a natural insecticide in pest management in stored grains.
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Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) as Green Extraction Media of Beneficial Bioactive Phytochemicals. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a mixture of two or more components and are classified as ionic solvents with special properties such as low volatility, high solubility, low melting points, low-cost materials and are less toxic to humans. Using DES has been suggested as an eco-friendly, green method for extraction of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and are a safe alternative for nutritional, pharmaceutical and various sector applications. Conventional solvent extraction methods present drawbacks such as long extraction period, safety issues, harmful to the environment, costly and large volume of solvents required. The extraction method with DES leads to higher extraction yield and better bioactivity results as compared to the conventional solvents. This review provides a summary of research progress regarding the advantages of using DES to extract bioactive compounds such as phenolic acid, flavonoids, isoflavones, catechins, polysaccharides, curcuminoids, proanthocyanidin, phycocyanin, gingerols, ginsenosides, anthocyanin, xanthone, volatile monoterpenes, tannins, lignin, pectin, rutin, tert-butyl hydroquinone, chlorogenic acids, resveratrol and others, as opposed to using conventional solvents. The bioactivity of the extracts is determined using antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor activities. Hence, DESs are considered potential green media with selective and efficient properties for extracting bioactive ingredients from medicinal plants.
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Antioxidant and antibacterial evaluation of Manuka leaves (Leptospermum scoparium) extracted by hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gupta V, Thakur R, Das AB. Effect of natural deep eutectic solvents on thermal stability, syneresis, and viscoelastic properties of high amylose starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:575-583. [PMID: 34302868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to use natural deep eutectic solvents to modify the thermal, textural, freeze-thaw, and rheological properties of high amylose rice starch. Three different natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) composed of sugar and organic acids were applied to modify the properties of starch dispersion. In presence of NADES, the onset temperature of starch was decreased, in comparison with starch in aqueous and glycerol medium. During thermal decomposition, starch with the aqueous and glycerol systems showed two-step weight losses whereas with NADES starch showed single-stage weight losses or decomposition. Moreover, negligible syneresis was observed for starch-NADES dispersion after 3rd cycle of the freeze-thaw process. The flow behavior of starch-NADES dispersion follows Herschel-Bulkley models as R2 (0.996 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.999) are higher than the Mizrahi-Berk model. The flow behavior index (n) of starch-NADES dispersion was closer to 1, indicated a nearly Newtonian fluid. The loss modulus (G″) value of starch-NADES dispersions was markedly higher than the corresponding storage modulus (G') value and thus materials behaved like viscoelastic liquid. The present study manifested a green way to modify the properties of the high amylose starch to improve the processing stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Gupta
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, India
| | - Rahul Thakur
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, India
| | - Amit Baran Das
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, India.
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Yu J, Zhao L, Sun X, Sun C, Wang X. Application of choline chloride deep eutectic solvents and high-speed counter-current chromatography to the extraction and purification of flavonoids from the thorns of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:457-465. [PMID: 32945032 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Flavonoids are the most important and effective constituents in the thorns of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., which have been known to show antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and anticoagulant activities. However, efficient extraction and separation methods for these flavonoids are not currently established. OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient method for efficient extraction and rapid separation of flavonoids from the thorns of G. sinensis using choline chloride deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). METHODOLOGY As for extraction, DES composed of choline chloride and 1,4-butanediol at 1:4 mole ratio, at an extraction temperature of 55°C, 20% of water content, 1:30 mg/mL for solid-liquid ratio, and 45 min for extraction time were selected as the optimised extraction method for flavonoids from the thorns of G. sinensis. As for separation, dichloromethane-methanol-n-butanol-water (4:3:0.5:2, v/v) was applied to develop a successful strategy for purification of the flavonoids by HSCCC. RESULTS Totally, five flavonoids, including padmatin (1, 3.7 mg), isovitexin (2, 2.5 mg), 3',5,5',7-tetrahydroxyflavanonol (3, 11.2 mg), 7,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxyflavanonol (4, 4.1 mg), and quercetin (5, 3.8 mg), were successfully obtained from 250 mg of the extracted flavonoids by HSCCC. CONCLUSION Results demonstrated that the combination of DES and HSCCC is a powerful technique for the extraction, and isolation of flavonoids from the thorns of G. sinensis compared with conventional organic solvent extraction and column chromatography, which have been proven to provide higher extraction efficiency for flavonoids and rapidly obtain the quality control markers of flavonoids from the investigated plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqian Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Reyoung Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
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Jurić T, Mićić N, Potkonjak A, Milanov D, Dodić J, Trivunović Z, Popović BM. The evaluation of phenolic content, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita extracts obtained by natural deep eutectic solvents. Food Chem 2021; 362:130226. [PMID: 34118512 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this study was to evaluate whether six choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) could serve as solvents for the extraction of bioactives from the leaves of Mentha piperita. NADES extracted significantly higher amounts of phenols from peppermint than 70% ethanol and may be useful in the extraction of targeted major compounds from peppermint, like rosmarinic acid, at a similar level as 70% ethanol. The microdilution method for in vitro antibacterial activity showed that all NADES exhibit bacterial growth inhibition at a lower concentration than 70% ethanol, especially NADESs containing organic acids. The majority of NADES extracts neutralize DPPH radical at a lower concentration than conventional solvent and showed similar ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ ions in FRAP assay. NADES can be useful in the isolation of phenolic compounds from plant sources and should be considered as novel, sustainable, and low-cost solvents with a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Jurić
- Chemistry&Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Nikola Mićić
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Aleksandar Potkonjak
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Milanov
- Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Rumenački put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dodić
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Zorana Trivunović
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Boris M Popović
- Chemistry&Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Mansinhos I, Gonçalves S, Rodríguez-Solana R, Ordóñez-Díaz JL, Moreno-Rojas JM, Romano A. Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Combination: A Green Strategy to Improve the Recovery of Phenolic Compounds from Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:582. [PMID: 33918721 PMCID: PMC8069433 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of different natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) on the extraction of phenolic compounds from Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco, on the antioxidant activity, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase (Tyr) inhibitory capacities. Ten different NADES were used in this research and compared with conventional solvents. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for 60 min proved to be the best extraction condition, and proline:lactic acid (1:1) and choline chloride:urea (1:2) extracts showed the highest total phenolic contents (56.00 ± 0.77 mgGAE/gdw) and antioxidant activity [64.35 ± 1.74 mgTE/gdw and 72.13 ± 0.97 mgTE/gdw in 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2.2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods, respectively]. These extracts also exhibited enzymes inhibitory capacity particularly against Tyr and AChE. Even so, organic acid-based NADES showed to be the best extractants producing extracts with considerable ability to inhibit enzymes. Twenty-four phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-HRMS, being rosmarinic acid, ferulic acid and salvianolic acid B the major compounds. The results confirmed that the combination of UAE and NADES provide an excellent alternative to organic solvents for sustainable and green extraction, and have huge potential for use in industrial applications involving the extraction of bioactive compounds from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Mansinhos
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.)
| | - Sandra Gonçalves
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.)
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Solana
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.)
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Avenida Menendez-Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.O.-D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - José Luis Ordóñez-Díaz
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Avenida Menendez-Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.O.-D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Avenida Menendez-Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (J.L.O.-D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - Anabela Romano
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (I.M.); (R.R.-S.)
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21
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Fan XH, Wang LT, Chang YH, An JY, Zhu YW, Yang Q, Meng D, Fu YJ. Application of green and recyclable menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents aqueous for the extraction of main taxanes from Taxus chinensis needles. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Abbasi NM, Farooq MQ, Anderson JL. Modulating solvation interactions of deep eutectic solvents formed by ammonium salts and carboxylic acids through varying the molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor and acceptor. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462011. [PMID: 33799072 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained increasing popularity in separation science due to the fact that their physico-chemical properties can be easily fine-tuned by varying the type or ratio of hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and hydrogen bond donor (HBD). While it is well-known that the molar ratio of HBA/HBD affects the melting point of a eutectic mixture, much less is understood regarding its effect on the magnitude of individual solvation interactions. This is largely due to the fact that established solvatochromic dye methods lack sensitivity when the HBA/HBD ratio is varied slightly in a eutectic mixture. Herein, this study is the first to measure the variation of DES solvation interactions with small changes in the molar ratio of HBA/HBD using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Solute-solvent interactions of three different DES systems comprised of ammonium salts and organic acids were examined. The probe molecules were studied for 18 eutectic mixtures of varied HBA and HBD composition. DES hydrogen bond basicity, hydrogen bond acidity, and dispersive-type interactions exhibited the greatest change when the molar ratio of HBA/HBD was varied in the eutectic mixture. Results from this study demonstrate that the HBA/HBD ratio can be used to modulate the solvation characteristics for this class of DESs in separations and that the stoichiometric ratio of the HBA/HBD is important in ensuring their reproducible preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Mujtaba Abbasi
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Muhammad Qamar Farooq
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jared L Anderson
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
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23
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Ali Redha A. Review on Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Natural Sources Using Green Deep Eutectic Solvents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:878-912. [PMID: 33448847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
For more sustainable and environmentally friendly scientific research, it is essential to apply green chemistry principles in all areas of science. A possible area in which green chemistry principles can significantly influence the productivity and the quality of the outcome is extraction of natural products. The conventional toxic solvents can be replaced by environmentally friendly solvents known as deep eutectic solvents, which fortunately, due to their unique properties, can significantly improve extraction efficiency. In this literature review, the extraction of a specific class of natural products, phenolic compounds, using different types of green deep eutectic solvents has been reviewed. Within this review, the composition of those solvents used to extract different types of phenolic compounds has been discussed. In addition, the factors affecting their extraction, extracting solvent component structure, molar ratio of extracting solvent components, extraction temperature, solid to extraction solvent ratio, and water content, have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ali Redha
- Chemistry Department, School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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24
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Chiocchio I, Mandrone M, Tomasi P, Marincich L, Poli F. Plant Secondary Metabolites: An Opportunity for Circular Economy. Molecules 2021; 26:495. [PMID: 33477709 PMCID: PMC7831927 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Moving toward a more sustainable development, a pivotal role is played by circular economy and a smarter waste management. Industrial wastes from plants offer a wide spectrum of possibilities for their valorization, still being enriched in high added-value molecules, such as secondary metabolites (SMs). The current review provides an overview of the most common SM classes (chemical structures, classification, biological activities) present in different plant waste/by-products and their potential use in various fields. A bibliographic survey was carried out, taking into account 99 research articles (from 2006 to 2020), summarizing all the information about waste type, its plant source, industrial sector of provenience, contained SMs, reported bioactivities, and proposals for its valorization. This survey highlighted that a great deal of the current publications are focused on the exploitation of plant wastes in human healthcare and food (including cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food additives). However, as summarized in this review, plant SMs also possess an enormous potential for further uses. Accordingly, an increasing number of investigations on neglected plant matrices and their use in areas such as veterinary science or agriculture are expected, considering also the need to implement "greener" practices in the latter sector.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Mandrone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.C.); (P.T.); (L.M.); (F.P.)
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Contreras R, Lodeiro L, Rozas-Castro N, Ormazábal-Toledo R. On the role of water in the hydrogen bond network in DESs: an ab initio molecular dynamics and quantum mechanical study on the urea–betaine system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1994-2004. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06078j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We herein report an ab initio molecular dynamics study on a natural DES composed of urea and betaine in a 3 : 2 ratio, as a test case for evaluating the water effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Contreras
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Chile
- Las Palmeras 3425
- Casilla 653
- Chile
| | - Lucas Lodeiro
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Chile
- Las Palmeras 3425
- Casilla 653
- Chile
| | - Nicolás Rozas-Castro
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Chile
- Las Palmeras 3425
- Casilla 653
- Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ormazábal-Toledo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Chile
- Las Palmeras 3425
- Casilla 653
- Chile
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Farooq MQ, Abbasi NM, Anderson JL. Deep eutectic solvents in separations: Methods of preparation, polarity, and applications in extractions and capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1633:461613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ivanović M, Islamčević Razboršek M, Kolar M. Innovative Extraction Techniques Using Deep Eutectic Solvents and Analytical Methods for the Isolation and Characterization of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Plant Material. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1428. [PMID: 33114332 PMCID: PMC7690858 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest of the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries in naturally occurring bioactive compounds or secondary plant metabolites also leads to a growing demand for the development of new and more effective analysis and isolation techniques. The extraction of bioactive compounds from plant material has always been a challenge, accompanied by increasingly strict control requirements for the final products and a growing interest in environmental protection. However, great efforts have been made in this direction and today a considerable number of innovative extraction techniques have been developed using green, environmentally friendly solvents. These solvents include the deep eutectic solvents (DES) and their natural equivalents, the natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). Due to their adjustable physical-chemical properties and their green character, it is expected that DES/NADES could be the most widely used solvents in the future, not only in extraction processes but also in other research areas such as catalysis, electrochemistry or organic synthesis. Consequently, this review provided an up-to-date systematic overview of the use of DES/NADES in combination with innovative extraction techniques for the isolation of bioactive compounds from various plant materials. The topicality of the field was confirmed by a detailed search on the platform WoS (Web of Science), which resulted in more than 100 original research papers on DES/NADES for bioactive compounds in the last three years. Besides the isolation of bioactive compounds from plants, different analytical methods are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ivanović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Maša Islamčević Razboršek
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Kolar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Pavlić B, Teslić N, Zengin G, Đurović S, Rakić D, Cvetanović A, Gunes AK, Zeković Z. Antioxidant and enzyme-inhibitory activity of peppermint extracts and essential oils obtained by conventional and emerging extraction techniques. Food Chem 2020; 338:127724. [PMID: 32795878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Peppermint is widely used medicinal plant with distinguished bioactive potential, therefore, the aim of present work was to develop novel peppermint extracts with high activity by application of traditional and emerging separation techniques. Conventional hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) were applied for recovery of essential oil (EO), while organic solvent extraction using Soxhlet apparatus, microwave-assisted and ultrasound-assisted process and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were applied for non-selective recovery of peppermint lipophilic extracts. Extracts were characterized in terms of terpenoids profile with special emphasis on content of major compounds (mentol, menthone, isomenthol and eucalyptol). Antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP, chelating and phosphomolybdenum assay) and enzyme-inhibitory assays (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase and glucosidase inhibition) were used for screening of peppermint bioactivity. MWHD was recognized as alternative for traditional process in EO recovery, while SFE extracts were useful for green production of solvent-free peppermint extracts rich in terpenoids and other lipophilic bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branimir Pavlić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Teslić
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk Unviersity, Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Saša Đurović
- University of Belgrade, Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Rakić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Cvetanović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - A K Gunes
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk Unviersity, Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Zoran Zeković
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Blvd. cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
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El Achkar T, Moura L, Moufawad T, Ruellan S, Panda S, Longuemart S, Legrand FX, Costa Gomes M, Landy D, Greige-Gerges H, Fourmentin S. New generation of supramolecular mixtures: Characterization and solubilization studies. Int J Pharm 2020; 584:119443. [PMID: 32447025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel low melting mixtures (LMM) based on cyclodextrins (CD) and levulinic acid and inspired by the deep eutectic solvents (DES), were prepared. These supramolecular mixtures are the first reported CD-based mixtures that are liquid at room temperature. Density, viscosity and rheological measurements as well as differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to characterize these new LMM. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to monitor their stability. Furthermore, their ability to solubilize trans-anethole (AN) and related essentials oils were evaluated by static headspace-gas chromatography (SH-GC), in comparison with water. AN was up to 1300 times more soluble in the CD-based LMM than in water. Finally, multiple headspace extraction (MHE) was used to monitor the release of AN from these LMM. After 10 extractions, 20 to 40% of AN was released from the studied LMM, while 70% was released from water. The new CD-based LMM have potential applications for solubilization and delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy El Achkar
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France; Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, 1202 Jdeidet El Metn, Lebanon
| | - Leila Moura
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Tarek Moufawad
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France; Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS Lyon, UMR CNRS 5182, 46 Allée Italie, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Steven Ruellan
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Somenath Panda
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Stéphane Longuemart
- Unité Dynamique et Structures des Matériaux Moléculaires (UDSMM, EA 4476), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - François-Xavier Legrand
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - David Landy
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - Hélène Greige-Gerges
- Bioactive Molecules Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, 1202 Jdeidet El Metn, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Fourmentin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV,UR 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 59140 Dunkerque, France.
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30
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Mixing of menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents as a novel method to tune their properties. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Triaux Z, Petitjean H, Marchioni E, Boltoeva M, Marcic C. Deep eutectic solvent–based headspace single-drop microextraction for the quantification of terpenes in spices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:933-948. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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32
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Balaraman HB, Sivasubramaniyam A, Rathnasamy SK. High selective purification of Quercetin from Peanut hull using protic deep eutectic mixture based liquid–liquid microextraction. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Chen J, Li Y, Wang X, Liu W. Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Food Analysis: A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:E4594. [PMID: 31888138 PMCID: PMC6943427 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged recently as new and green solvents. DESs can be used for extraction and separation of both inorganic metallic components and organic compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, sugars, and aromatic amines from food samples. DESs possess a tunable property simply by adjusting the ratio of hydrogen bond acceptors to the hydrogen bond donors. As a green extraction medium, DESs have various applications in the pretreatment process and improve the efficiency of different food analyses. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies on the development, production, application, and efficacy of DESs in the pretreatment process of various food analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Safety & Quality of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.C.); (X.W.)
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He T, Zhou T, Wan Y, Tan T. A Simple Strategy Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent for Determination of Aflatoxins in Rice Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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35
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Deep Eutectic Solvents as Extraction Media for Valuable Flavonoids from Natural Sources. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9194169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present review article attempts to summarize the use of deep eutectic solvents in the extraction of flavonoids, one of the most important classes of plant secondary metabolites. All of the applications reviewed have reported success in isolation and extraction of the target compounds; competitive, if not superior, extraction rates compared with conventional solvents; and satisfactory behavior of the extract in the latter applications (such as direct analysis, synthesis, or catalysis), wherever attempted.
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36
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Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Volatile Components Analysis in Ipomoea Cairica (L.) Sweet Leaves: Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green Extraction and Dilution Matrix. Foods 2019; 8:foods8060205. [PMID: 31212696 PMCID: PMC6617084 DOI: 10.3390/foods8060205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were used as both the extraction and dilution matrix in static headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) for the analysis of volatile components in Ipomoea cairica (L). Sweet (ICS) leaves. Six NADESs were prepared and the NADESs composed of choline chloride and glucose with a 1:1 molar ratio containing 15% water were preferred due to the better peak responses. A total of 77 volatiles in ICS leaves were detected and tentatively identified by mass spectral matching with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, 2014) Mass Spectral Library and the retention index-assisted qualitative method. These 77 volatile components were mainly terpenoids, aromatics, and aliphatics. Among them, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and 2, 4-di-tert-butylphenol were found to be the main components. This investigation verified that the use of NADESs is an efficient green extraction and dilution matrix of the SHS-GC-MS method for direct volatile component analysis of plant materials without extra extraction work.
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37
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Bioavailability and biological effects of bioactive compounds extracted with natural deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids: advantages over conventional organic solvents. Curr Opin Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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38
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Huang J, Guo X, Xu T, Fan L, Zhou X, Wu S. Ionic deep eutectic solvents for the extraction and separation of natural products. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1598:1-19. [PMID: 31005289 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Room ionic liquids (ILs) used as green solvents have received considerable attention and wide application in different research and industrial fields, such as chemistry, biology, catalysis, energy, and even environmental sciences. Recently, a new class of sustainable solvents named deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been developed, which share the promising solvent characteristics of ILs, such as thermal and chemical stability, low vapor pressure and design ability. In addition, the major advantages of DESs over ILs are their lower prices and easier preparation. Therefore, DESs have been considered to be a potential alternative to replace conventional organic solvents and ILs. Currently, the developed DESs may be classified into ionic and nonionic liquids. Typically, choline chloride (ChCl)/urea (1:2) is an ionic DES, while glucose/sucrose (1:1) is a nonionic DES. Although several reviews have covered advancements in DESs, in this review, we aim to provide a general insight into DESs, particularly ionic DESs, like choline-based DES, in terms of their preparation and application in the extraction of natural products (NPs) mainly from traditional Chinese medicines and the recovery of extracted compounds from their extracts. Additionally, various factors affecting the extraction efficiency of DESs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Research Center of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Xiuyun Guo
- Research Center of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Tianyi Xu
- Research Center of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Lanyan Fan
- Research Center of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhou
- Research Center of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Shihua Wu
- Research Center of Siyuan Natural Pharmacy and Biotoxicology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China.
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Hu Y, Cai T, Zhang H, Chen J, Li Z, Qiu H. Poly(itaconic acid)-grafted silica stationary phase prepared in deep eutectic solvents and its unique performance in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Talanta 2019; 191:265-271. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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40
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Natural deep eutectic solvents-mediated extractions: The way forward for sustainable analytical developments. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1038:1-10. [PMID: 30278889 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The concept of sustainable development has impacted in analytical chemistry changing the way of thinking processes and methods. It is important for analytical chemists to consider how sample preparation can integrate the basic concepts of Green Chemistry. In this sense, the replacement of traditional organic solvents is of utmost importance. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) have come to light as a green alternative. In the last few years, a growing number of contributions have applied these natural solvents proving their efficiency in terms of extraction ability, analyte stabilization capacity and detection compatibility. However, the arising question that has to be answered is: the use of NADES is enough to green an extraction process? This review presents an overview of knowledge regarding sustainability of NADES-based extraction procedures, focused on reported literature within the timeframe spanning from 2011 up to date. The contributions were analyzed from a green perspective in terms of energy, time, sample and solvent consumption. Moreover, we include a critical analysis to clarify whether the use of NADES as extraction media is enough for greening an analytical methodology; strategies to make them even greener are also presented. Finally, recent trends and future perspectives on how NADES-based extraction approaches in combination with computational methodologies can contribute are discussed.
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