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Zhang Z, Li H, Duan C, Chen G, Liu Y, Lu M. A high-performance electrochemical sensor based on dendritic Au/Zn modified carbon cloth for the determination of nitrite in aquaculture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175346. [PMID: 39117201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite is a common nitrogen-containing compound that possesses high biological toxicity, thereby posing a serious threat to aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a rapid and quantitative determination approach for nitrite. In this study, the aim was to prepare a novel electrochemical sensor to determine nitrite. This was achieved by synthesizing Au/Zn dendritic complexes on a carbon cloth self-supported electrode after plasma treated by a stepwise strategy of electrodeposition and in-situ corrosion. In accordance with the optimal experimental conditions, the electrode exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for the electrooxidation of nitrite ions (pH = 8.0), accompanied by a considerable enhancement in peak anodic current in comparison to the unmodified electrode. The sensor exhibited a wide linear range (1-833 μM, 833-8330 μM), high sensitivity (3506 μA mM-1 cm-2, 538 μA mM-1 cm-2), a low detection limit (0.43 μM), and excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability for the determination of nitrite. Furthermore, the prepared sensor was successfully applied to the detection of nitrite in tap water, fish holding pond water and duck pond water, demonstrating good recovery and no significant difference from the spectrophotometric results. The results suggest that the electrochemical sensor developed in this study represents a straightforward yet efficacious approach to the development of advanced portable sensors for aquaculture applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Guo Chen
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Yiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, 400716 Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 401121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, 312000 Zhejiang, PR China.
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Wang X, Wang X, Wu J, Yu J, Zeng H, Yang H, Peng H, Zhou G, Peng J. Preparation of dicationic ionic liquid modified silica stationary phase for mixed-mode liquid chromatography and its application for food additive detection. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1321:343018. [PMID: 39155102 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food safety has become an essential aspect of public concern and there are lots of detection means. Liquid chromatography plays a dominating role in food safety inspection because of its high separation efficiency and reproducibility. However, with the increasing complexity of real samples and monitoring requirements, conventional single-mode chromatography would require frequent column replacement and cannot separate different kinds of analytes on a single column simultaneously, which is costly and time-consuming. There is a great need for fabricating mixed-mode stationary phases and validating the feasibility of employing mixed-mode stationary phases for food safety inspection. RESULTS This work fabricated multifunctional stationary phases for liquid chromatography to determine diverse food additives under the mixed mode of RPLC/HILIC/IEC. Two dicationic ionic liquid silanes were synthesized and bonded onto the silica gel surface. The functionalized silica was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Both columns provide satisfactory separation performance towards 6 hydrophilic nucleosides, 4 hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and 5 anions. Great repeatability of retention (RSD <0.1 %) and column efficiency (100330 plate/m) were obtained. Thermomechanical analysis and linear solvation energy relationship investigated the retention mechanism. Finally, the better in two prepared columns was employed to separate and determine the contents of NO2- and NO3- in vegetables(highest 4906 mg kg-1 NO3- in spinach), preservatives in bottled beverages (180.8 mg kg-1 sodium benzoate in soft drink), and melamine in milk with satisfactory performance and recovery rates ranging from 96.4 % to 105.6 %. SIGNIFICANCE This work developed a novel scheme for preparing mixed-mode stationary phases by dicationic ionic liquid which provides great separation selectivity. Most importantly, this work proved the superiority of employing mixed-mode stationary phases for food safety inspection, which might avoid high-cost and frequent changes of columns and chromatography systems in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Xingrui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jiayu Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Hanlin Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Hanqi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Huanjun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| | - Jingdong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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Feng J, Feng L, Sun S, Wang X, Zhi H, Shang R, Yang Y, Wang L, Yan Z, Hu L. Folic acid capping Bi 3+-doped Ag quantum dots for enzyme-like dual-mode recognition of toxic S 2- and visual sensing of NO 2. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1319:342963. [PMID: 39122276 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NO2- and S2- are two kinds of common toxic anions widely distributed in environmental water, soil and food products. Human beings have suffered a lot of diseases from intake of excessive NO2- or S2-, i.e., infantile methemoglobin, cancer and even to death. Although tremendous efforts have been afforded to monitor NO2- and S2-, most were high instrument-depended with complex processing procedures. To keep food safety and to protect human health, it will be a huge challenge to develop a convenient and efficient way to monitor S2- and NO2- in practice. RESULTS A kind of folic acid capping Bi3+-doped Ag quantum dots (FA@Bi3+-Ag QDs) was developed for the first time by one-pot homogeneous reduced self-assembly. Not only did FA@Bi3+-Ag QDs possess intrinsic fluorescent property, it expressed synergistic peroxidase-like activity to catalyze the redox of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and H2O2 with Km/vmax of 0.087 mM/6.61 × 10-8 M s-1 and 6.42 mM/6.25 × 10-7 M s-1 respectively. Interestingly, trace S2- could exclusively alter its fluorescent property and peroxidase-like activity, exhibiting significant hypochromic and "turn-on" fluorescent effects. While trace NO2- could make FA@Bi3+-Ag QDs-TMB-H2O2 system hyperchromic. Under the optimized conditions, FA@Bi3+-Ag QDs were applied for dual-mode recognition of S2- and visual sensing of NO2- in real food samples with satisfactory recoveries, i.e., 100.7-107.9 %/95.8-104.7 % and 97.2-104.8 % respectively. The synergistic enzyme-mimic mechanism of FA@Bi3+-Ag QDs and its selective response mechanisms to S2- and NO2- were also proposed. SIGNIFICANCE This represents the first nanozyme-based FA@Bi3+-Ag QDs system for dual-mode recognition of S2- and visual sensing of NO2-, well meeting the basic requirement in drinking water set by WHO. It will offer a promising way for multi-mode monitoring of different pollution using the same nanozyme-based sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Lei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Xujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Huitian Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Ruhui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Yingchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Zhengquan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China.
| | - Lei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province & Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China.
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4
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Man Y, Yu K, Tan H, Jin X, Tao J, Pan L. A microfluidic concentration gradient colorimetric system for rapid detection of nitrite in surface water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133133. [PMID: 38043431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic concentration gradient colorimetric detection system consisting of a microfluidic concentration gradient colorimetric detection chip, a self-built colorimetric signal acquisition box and a self-written smartphone APP was constructed for the rapid, in-field and visual quantitative detection of nitrite. Specifically, nitrite with initial concentration of C0 can be automatically diluted into 8 concentration gradients characterized by arithmetic series, and the concentrations are 0, 0.20 C0, 0.33 C0, 0.46 C0, 0.59 C0, 0.72 C0, 0.86 C0 and C0. The colorimetric signal acquisition box avoided the interference of light spots on data acquisition. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the quantitative detection of nitrite was achieved by the proposed two-step colorimetric method based on the inhibition of AuNPs signal amplification, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.14 mg/L. The microfluidic concentration gradient colorimetric detection system was able to detect nitrite as low as 0.43 mg/L and showed a good specificity. The practical application was investigated by analyzing 10 actual samples of river and lake water, pure water and tap water. The recoveries of the microfluidic concentration gradient colorimetric detection system ranged from 94.92% to 105.60%, which indicates that the method had a good application prospect in the detection of practical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Man
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China; Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
| | - Kaijia Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Huimin Tan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China; Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China; Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China; Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ligang Pan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China; Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Hao X, Shen A, Li M, Duan R, Hou L, Zhao X, Li Z, Zhao Y, Zhang P, Wang X, Li X, Yang Y. Simple method for visual detection of nitrite using fluorescence and colorimetry by poly (tannic acid) nanoparticles. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1263:341280. [PMID: 37225329 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The nitration reaction of nitrite and phenolic substances was first used to identify and detect NO2- by taking fluorescent poly (tannic acid) nanoparticles (FPTA NPs) as sensing platform. With the low cost, good biodegradable and convenient water-soluble FPTA NPs, a fluorescent and colorimetric dual modes detecting assay was realized. In fluorescent mode, the linear detection range of NO2- was 0-36 μM, the LOD was as low as 3.03 nM, and the response time was 90 s. In colorimetric mode, the linear detection range of NO2- was 0-46 μM, and the LOD was as low as 27 nM. Besides, a smartphone with FPTA NPs@ agarose hydrogel formed a portable detection platform to test the fluorescent and visible color changes of FPTA NPs for NO2- sensing as well as for accurate visualization and quantitative detection of NO2- in actual water and food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Hao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ao Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mengwen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruochen Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lala Hou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiuqing Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ziqi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Panqing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yunxu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Chen L, Fan T, Li W, Song J, Zhang J, Wang L, Han K. A turn-on fluorescent nano-probe base on methanobactin-AuNPs for simple and efficient detection of nitrite. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 286:121960. [PMID: 36240700 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite ions are important markers threatening humans and environmental security. A highly selective method for rapid detection of nitrite needs to be developed. Herein, a novel and rapid fluorescence method for nitrite determination is established on the basis of diazotization-coupling reaction of methanobactin (Mb) extracted by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b with nitrite on the fluorescence. In the presence of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the fluorescence of AuNPs was strongly quenched by the Mb because the sulfhydryl or amino structures on the surface of Mb could be bound to the surface of AuNPs by forming Au-S or Au-N bonds. Upon addition of nitrite, the Mb easily reacts with nitrite to form azo products in the acidic medium. Then, with the increase of nitrite concentration, the Mb-AuNPs fluorescence was gradually recovered, realizing the turn-on fluorescence sensing of nitrite. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method has a good linear relationship with nitrite concentration in the range of 0-8.0 μM and 8.0-50.0 μM, and the detection limit is 16.21 nM. In addition, satisfactory results were obtained for nitrite analysis using milk, ham sausage and leaf mustard as real samples, which demonstrated that the method as-developed would have great practical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China.
| | - Tianjiao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China
| | - Ke Han
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, PR China
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7
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A new fluorescent probe based on metallic deep eutectic solvent for visual detection of nitrite and pH in food and water environment. Food Chem 2023; 398:133935. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Taweekarn T, Wongniramaikul W, Boonkanon C, Phatthanawiwat K, Pasitsuparoad P, Ritchie RJ, Choodum A. Griess-doped polyvinyl alcohol thin film for on-site simultaneous sample preparation and nitrite determination of processed meat products. Food Chem 2022; 389:133085. [PMID: 35489258 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To facilitate on-site nitrite determination for processed meat products, Griess-doped polyvinyl alcohol film was synthesized in the bottom of a plastic tube for in-tube determination. The tube's aperture was used to control the sample dimensions. Each sample, cut into eight sectors, was subjected to nitrite extraction by water. Use of tap water or commercial drinking water vs. ultrapure water was associated with < 2% differences in nitrite levels. The use of film and digital image colorimetry showed a low limit of detection (12.6 ± 0.5 µg L-1), good precision (1.0%RSD, n = 5 days), and good accuracy (93.2 ± 3.5 to 108.5 ± 1.8%recovery). Using these methods, sodium nitrite concentrations in 700 processed meat products for sale in Phuket, Thailand, were found to range from 6.8 ± 0.2 to 113.6 ± 1.3 mg kg-1. These results showed no significant differences with the HPLC standard method (p > 0.05, n = 45).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarawee Taweekarn
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand
| | - Worawit Wongniramaikul
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand
| | - Chanita Boonkanon
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand
| | - Kharittha Phatthanawiwat
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand
| | - Pakorn Pasitsuparoad
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand
| | - Raymond J Ritchie
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand
| | - Aree Choodum
- Integrated Science and Technology Research Center, Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu, Phuket 83120 Thailand.
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9
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Roobab U, Fidalgo LG, Arshad RN, Khan AW, Zeng XA, Bhat ZF, Bekhit AEDA, Batool Z, Aadil RM. High-pressure processing of fish and shellfish products: Safety, quality, and research prospects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3297-3325. [PMID: 35638360 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Seafood products have been one of the main drivers behind the popularity of high-pressure processing (HPP) in the food industry owing to a high demand for fresh ready-to-eat seafood products and food safety. This review provides an overview of the advanced knowledge available on the use of HPP for production of wholesome and highly nutritive clean label fish and shellfish products. Out of 653 explored items, 65 articles published during 2016-2021 were used. Analysis of the literature showed that most of the earlier work evaluated the HPP effect on physicochemical and sensorial properties, and limited information is available on nutritional aspects. HPP has several applications in the seafood industry. Application of HPP (400-600 MPa) eliminates common seafood pathogens, such as Vibrio and Listeria spp., and slows the growth of spoilage microorganisms. Use of cold water as a pressure medium induces minimal changes in sensory and nutritional properties and helps in the development of clean label seafood products. This technology (200-350 MPa) is also useful to shuck oysters, lobsters, crabs, mussels, clams, and scallops to increase recovery of the edible meat. High-pressure helps to preserve organoleptic and functional properties for an extended time during refrigerated storage. Overall, HPP helps seafood manufacturers to maintain a balance between safety, quality, processing efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms of pressure-induced modifications and clean label strategies to minimize these modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liliana G Fidalgo
- Department of Technology and Applied Sciences, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rai Naveed Arshad
- Institute of High Voltage & High Current, School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Waheed Khan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Manufacturing, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuhaib F Bhat
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, SKUAST-Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ala El-Din A Bekhit
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Zahra Batool
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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10
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Han E, Zhang M, Pan Y, Cai J. Electrochemical Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle SERS Substrate Coupled with Diazotization for Sensitive Detection of Nitrite. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15082809. [PMID: 35454502 PMCID: PMC9028913 DOI: 10.3390/ma15082809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The accurate determination of nitrite in food samples is of great significance for ensuring people's health and safety. Herein, a rapid and low-cost detection method was developed for highly sensitive and selective detection of nitrite based on a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor combined with electrochemical technology and diazo reaction. In this work, a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)/indium tin oxide (ITO) chip as a superior SERS substrate was obtained by electrochemical self-assembled AuNPs on ITO with the advantages of good uniformity, high reproducibility, and long-time stability. The azo compounds generated from the diazotization-coupling reaction between nitrite, 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP), and N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NED) in acid condition were further assembled on the surface of AuNP/ITO. The detection of nitrite was realized using a portable Raman spectrometer based on the significant SERS enhancement of azo compounds assembled on the AuNP/ITO chip. Many experimental conditions were optimized such as the time of electrochemical self-assembly and the concentration of HAuCl4. Under the optimal conditions, the designed SERS sensor could detect nitride in a large linear range from 1.0 × 10-6 to 1.0 × 10-3 mol L-1 with a low limit of detection of 0.33 μmol L-1. Additionally, nitrite in real samples was further analyzed with a recovery of 95.1-109.7%. Therefore, the proposed SERS method has shown potential application in the detection of nitrite in complex food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Han
- Correspondence: (E.H.); (J.C.)
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11
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Pavlovic R, Di Cesare F, Longo F, Abballe F, Panseri S, Bonanni RC, Baccelliere R, Neri B, Chiesa LM. Undeclared (Poly)phosphates Detection in Food of Animal Origin as a Potential Tool toward Fraud Prevention. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071547. [PMID: 34359417 PMCID: PMC8304278 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(Poly)phosphates are approved as water-preserving and emulsifying agents that improve the appearance and consistency of many food products. The labelling of added (poly)phosphates is essential for protecting vulnerable population groups and to prevent unfair trade practices resulting in economic fraud. The problems with (poly)phosphates' utilisation concerns both analytical and legislative issues, such as: (1) their straightforward detection; (2) excessive addition altering freshness perception and misleading consumers; (3) uncontrolled usage increasing foodstuff weight; (4) application in products where they are not permitted; and (5) no indication on the label. Bearing all these issues in mind, the main purpose of this study was the quantification and screening of the (poly)phosphates profile in meat, marine and dairy products (160 samples), of which 43 were without declared (poly)phosphate treatment. Analysis was completed by high-performance ion-exchange chromatography either with conductometric detection or coupled to Q-Exactive Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. Although the (poly)phosphates profiles varied greatly according to species and processing type, the following criteria for detection of illicit treatment were established: high orthophosphate level, quantified short-chain (poly)phosphate anions and the presence of long-chain forms. In conclusion, the instrumental platforms used in this study can be recommended to inspection bodies as reliable methods for the detection of food adulteration with (poly)phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Pavlovic
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.P.); (F.D.C.); (L.M.C.)
| | - Federica Di Cesare
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.P.); (F.D.C.); (L.M.C.)
| | - Francesca Longo
- Laboratorio Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.B.); (R.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Franco Abballe
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Strada Rivoltana, 20090 Rodano, Italy;
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.P.); (F.D.C.); (L.M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rossana Claudia Bonanni
- Laboratorio Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.B.); (R.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Rocco Baccelliere
- Laboratorio Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.B.); (R.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Bruno Neri
- Laboratorio Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (F.L.); (R.C.B.); (R.B.); (B.N.)
| | - Luca Maria Chiesa
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.P.); (F.D.C.); (L.M.C.)
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12
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Novel three‐dimensional senor based on nanodendrites for nitrite determination. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-021-01558-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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An environmentally friendly microfluidic paper-based analytical device for simultaneous colorimetric detection of nitrite and nitrate in food products. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Lai H, Li G, Zhang Z. Advanced materials on sample preparation for safety analysis of aquatic products. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:1174-1194. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huasheng Lai
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou P. R. China
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15
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Wang H, Jing X, Bi X, Bai B, Wang X. Quantitative Detection of Nitrite in Food Samples Based on Digital Image Colourimetry by Smartphone. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu Shanxi 030801 P.R. China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu Shanxi 030801 P.R. China
| | - Xinyuan Bi
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics Shanxi Agricultural University Taiyuan Shanxi 030006 P.R. China
| | - Bing Bai
- Institute of Forensic Science Public Security Bureau of Linfen Linfen Shanxi 041000 P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu Shanxi 030801 P.R. China
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16
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Ferysiuk K, Wójciak KM. Reduction of Nitrite in Meat Products through the Application of Various Plant-Based Ingredients. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E711. [PMID: 32764511 PMCID: PMC7464959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrite is the most commonly applied curing agent in the meat industry, and is known to affect human health. Nitrites impart a better flavor, taste and aroma; preserve the red-pinkish color of the meat; and prevent the risk of bacterial contamination of the cured meat, especially from Clostridium botulinum. Unfortunately, recent research has demonstrated some negative effects of this technique. Certain N-nitroso compounds have been shown to stimulate gastric cancer; therefore, most of the research groups are studying the effects of nitrates and nitrites. In this review, we discuss the various food sources of nitrites and nitrates and their current legal requirements for use in meat products. We also discuss the possible changes that might come up in the regulations, the concerns associated with nitrates and nitrites in meat products, and the use of plant-based nitrite and nitrate substitutes. All these topics will be considered with respect to ensuring a high level of microbiological protection, oxidative stability and acceptable sensory quality (color, taste and smell) in meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karolina M. Wójciak
- Department of Animal Raw Materials Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8 Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
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17
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Panseri S, Arioli F, Biolatti C, Mosconi G, Pavlovic R, Chiesa LM. Detection of polyphosphates in seafood and its relevance toward food safety. Food Chem 2020; 332:127397. [PMID: 32645675 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyphosphates are permitted as food additives (Regulation EC No 1129/2011) but their undeclared utilisation is considered fraudulent. They improve water holding capacity of the seafood, preventing biochemical/physical changes during commercialization. The key objective of this study was the detection of polyphosphate in various seafood categories, by means of high-performance ion-exchange chromatography with suppressed conductometry (HPIEC-SCD) coupled to Q-Exactive Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS-Orbitrap). Ten frozen cuttlefish samples did not reveal any treatment, while in ten frigate tunas, high concentration of orthophospate was found. Unambiguous hexametaphosphate presence was demonstrated in four prawn samples, while triphosphate was quantified (11.2 ± 4 ug/g) in another four prawn samples that contained orthophosphate (10225 ± 1102 ug/g), as well. Other samples sporadically encompassed polyphosphates profiles that varied according species and processing type. This analytical approach provided sustenance in better understanding regarding utilization of polyphosphates through HRMS fingerprinting of anionic species that would be specific in food safety control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Panseri
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Arioli
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Biolatti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna, 148, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mosconi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Maria Chiesa
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
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18
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Development of paper-based microfluidic device for the determination of nitrite in meat. Food Chem 2020; 316:126396. [PMID: 32066068 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study employed the use of a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) to determine the concentration of nitrite in pork and enhanced the limit of detection by analyzing the coffee-ring effect. The µPAD was fabricated by designing and embedding wax channels onto the cellulose-based filter paper through printing and subjecting the paper to heat treatment to allow wax penetration. Nitrite concentration was determined by monitoring the colorimetric reaction that occurred between nitrite and the added Griess reagent. The limit of detection of this device for nitrite in pork was determined to be 19.2 mg kg-1 by analyzing the inner-chamber reaction, while it could be as low as 1.1 mg kg-1 if the coffee-ring region was analyzed. The overall analysis could be completed within 15 min. This µPAD-based method has potential applications to routinely screen the nitrite concentration of meat products and ensure food safety and consumer health.
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Kong Y, Cheng Q, He Y, Ge Y, Zhou J, Song G. A dual-modal fluorometric and colorimetric nanoprobe based on graphitic carbon nitrite quantum dots and Fe (II)-bathophenanthroline complex for detection of nitrite in sausage and water. Food Chem 2019; 312:126089. [PMID: 31896452 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A fluorometric and colorimetric dual-mode sensing platform based on graphitic carbon nitrite quantum dots (g-CNQDs) and Fe (II)-bathophenanthroline complex (BPS-Fe2+) was designed to the sensitive detection of nitrite (NO2-) in sausage and water. In this system, the fluorescence of g-CNQDs was quenched by BPS-Fe2+ complex due to the inner filter effect (IFE). When NO2- was present, Fe2+ was oxidized by nitrite to form BPS-Fe3+ complex with BPS, leading to the recovery of the fluorescence from g-CNQDs. Therefore, we constructed a "turn-off-on" fluorescence probe for detection of NO2-. Moreover, with the increase of NO2- concentration, the color of the solution changed from red to colorless, so the UV-vis measurements and on-site visual detection were realized. The method is capable of detecting NO2- in the concentration range of 2.32-34.8 μM with good selectivity and high sensitivity. In addition, the method has the potential to determine NO2- in water samples and sausage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Kong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qiao Cheng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yu He
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environment Response, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yili Ge
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environment Response, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Gongwu Song
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
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Li S, Wang T, Yue R, Wang H, Bai Q, Xiao H, Sui N, Wang L, Liu M, Yu WW. PdFe Ultrathin Nanosheets for Highly Sensitive Detection of Nitrite. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Ruiping Yue
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Hongshuai Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Qiang Bai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Hailian Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Ning Sui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Lina Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Manhong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - William W. Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
- Department of Chemistry and Physics Louisiana State University Shreveport, LA 71115 USA
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21
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Pietrzak K, Wardak C, Łyszczek R. Solid Contact Nitrate Ion‐selective Electrode Based on Cobalt(II) Complex with 4,7‐Diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pietrzak
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityFaculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis Marie Curie-Sklodowska Square 3 20-031 Lublin Poland
| | - Cecylia Wardak
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityFaculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis Marie Curie-Sklodowska Square 3 20-031 Lublin Poland
| | - Renata Łyszczek
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityFaculty of Chemistry, Department of General and Coordination Chemistry Marie Curie-Sklodowska Square 2 20-031 Lublin Poland
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