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Li M, Zhang X, Gao Z, Wu M, Ren T, Wu C, Wang J, Geng Y, Lv W, Zhou Q, Zhao W. Metabolomic insights into the profile, bioaccessibility, and transepithelial transport of polyphenols from germinated quinoa during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion/Caco-2 cell transport, and their prebiotic effects during colonic fermentation. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114339. [PMID: 38729694 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The health-promoting activities of polyphenols and their metabolites originating from germinated quinoa (GQ) are closely related to their digestive behavior, absorption, and colonic fermentation; however, limited knowledge regarding these properties hinder further development. The aim of this study was to provide metabolomic insights into the profile, bioaccessibility, and transepithelial transport of polyphenols from germinated quinoa during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and Caco-2 cell transport, whilst also investigating the changes in the major polyphenol metabolites and the effects of prebiotics during colonic fermentation. It was found that germination treatment increased the polyphenol content of quinoa by 21.91%. Compared with RQ group, 23 phenolic differential metabolites were upregulated and 47 phenolic differential metabolites were downregulated in GQ group. Compared with RQ group after simulated digestion, 7 kinds of phenolic differential metabolites were upregulated and 17 kinds of phenolic differential metabolites were downregulated in GQ group. Compared with RQ group after cell transport, 7 kinds of phenolic differential metabolites were upregulated and 9 kinds of phenolic differential metabolites were downregulated in GQ group. In addition, GQ improved the bioaccessibilities and transport rates of various polyphenol metabolites. During colonic fermentation, GQ group can also increase the content of SCFAs, reduce pH value, and adjust gut microbial populations by increasing the abundance of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobiota, and Spirochaeota at the phylum level, as well as Bifidobacterium, Megamonas, Bifidobacterium, Brevundimonas, and Bacteroides at the genus level. Furthermore, the GQ have significantly inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Based on these results, it was possible to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of polyphenol metabolism in GQ and highlight its beneficial effects on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijiao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zhe Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Mengying Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Ting Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Chen Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Yanlou Geng
- National Semi-arid Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Wei Lv
- National Semi-arid Agricultural Engineering Technology Research Center, Shijiazhuang 050011, PR China
| | - Qian Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Wen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
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Tang N, Ji L, Shi X, Xiong Y, Xiong X, Zhao H, Song H, Wang J, Zhang L, You S, Ji G, Liu B, Wu N. Effects of Ganjianglingzhu Decoction on Lean Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Based on Untargeted Metabolomics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:502. [PMID: 38675462 PMCID: PMC11053674 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is usually associated with obesity. However, it is crucial to recognize that NAFLD can also occur in lean individuals, which is frequently overlooked. Without an approved pharmacological therapy for lean NAFLD, we aimed to investigate whether the Ganjianglingzhu (GJLZ) decoction, a representative traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), protects against lean NAFLD and explore the potential mechanism underlying these protective effects. The mouse model of lean NAFLD was established with a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet in male C57BL/6 mice to be compared with the control group fed the methionine-choline-sufficient (MCS) diet. After four weeks, physiological saline, a low dose of GJLZ decoction (GL), or a high dose of GJLZ decoction (GH) was administered daily by gavage to the MCD group; the MCS group was given physiological saline by gavage. Untargeted metabolomics techniques were used to explore further the potential mechanism of the effects of GJLZ on lean NAFLD. Different doses of GJLZ decoction were able to ameliorate steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress in the liver; GL performed a better effect on lean NAFLD. In addition, 78 candidate differential metabolites were screened and identified. Combined with metabolite pathway enrichment analysis, GL was capable of regulating the glucose and lipid metabolite pathway in lean NAFLD and regulating the glycerophospholipid metabolism by altering the levels of sn-3-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate and lysoPC(P-18:0/0:0). GJLZ may protect against the development of lean NAFLD by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, inhibiting the levels of sn-3-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate and lysoPC(P-18:0/0:0) in glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Tang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Lei Ji
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Xinyu Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Yalan Xiong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Xinying Xiong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Hanhua Zhao
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Hualing Song
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Jianying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
| | - Shengfu You
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Guang Ji
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Baocheng Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Na Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (N.T.); (X.S.); (Y.X.); (X.X.); (H.S.); (J.W.); (L.Z.); (G.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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An L, Yuan Y, Chen H, Li M, Ma J, Zhou J, Zheng L, Ma H, Chen Z, Hao C, Wu X. Comprehensive widely targeted metabolomics to decipher the molecular mechanisms of Dioscorea opposita thunb. cv. Tiegun quality formation during harvest. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101159. [PMID: 38328697 PMCID: PMC10847880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Dioscorea opposita Thumb. cv. Tiegun is commonly consumed as both food and traditional Chinese medicine, which has a history of more than two thousand years. Harvest time directly affects its quality, but few studies have focused on metabolic changes during the harvesting process. Here, a comprehensive metabolomics approach was performed to determine the metabolic profiles during six harvest stages. Thirty eight metabolites with significant differences were determined as crucial participants. Related metabolic pathways including phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis and tryptophan metabolism were the most active pathways during harvest. The results revealed that temperature has a significant impact on quality formation, which suggested that Dioscorea opposita thumb. cv. Tiegun harvested after frost had higher potential value of traditional Chinese medicine. This finding not only offered valuable guidance for yam production, but also provided essential information for assessing its quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongliang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - He Chen
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Meng Li
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lufei Zheng
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products of CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zenglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chenyu Hao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xujin Wu
- Institute of Quality and Safety for Agro-products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Grain Quality and Safety and Testing Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Yang X, Zhang W, Lan Y, Zhang J, Zheng W, Wu J, Zhang C, Dang B. An investigation into the effects of various processing methods on the characteristic compounds of highland barley using a widely targeted metabolomics approach. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114061. [PMID: 38395553 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the influence of diverse processing methods (cooking (CO), extrusion puffing (EX), and steam explosion puffing (SE), stir-frying (SF) and fermentation (FE)) on highland barley (Qingke) chemical composition using UHPLC-MS/MS based widely targeted metabolomics. Overall, 827 metabolites were identified and categorized into 16 classes, encompassing secondary metabolites, amino acids, nucleotides, lipids, etc. There 43, 85, 131, 51 and 98 differential metabolites were respectively selected from five comparative groups (raw materials (RM) vs CO/EX/SE/SF/FE), mainly involved in amino acids, nucleotides, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Compared to other treated groups, FE group possessed the higher content of crude protein (15.12 g/100 g DW), and the relative levels of free amino acids (1.32 %), key polyphenols and arachidonic acid (0.01 %). EX group had the higher content of anthocyanins (4.22 mg/100 g DW), and the relative levels of free amino acids (2.02 %) and key polyphenols. SE group showed the higher relative levels of phenolic acids (0.14 %), flavonoids (0.20 %) and alkaloids (1.17 %), but the lowest free amino acids (0.75 %). Different processing methods all decreased Qingke's antioxidant capacity, with the iron reduction capacity (988.93 μmol/100 g DW) in SE group was the lowest. On the whole, FE and EX were alleged in improving Qingke's nutritional value. CO and SF were also suitable for Qingke processing since fewer differential metabolites were identified in CO vs RM and SF vs RM groups. Differential metabolites were connected to 14 metabolic pathways, with alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism being central. This study contributed theoretical groundwork for the scientific processing and quality control of Qingke products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Yang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Wengang Zhang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yongli Lan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Wancai Zheng
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Qinghai Tianyoude Technology Investment Management Group Co., Ltd., Xining 810016, China
| | - Chengping Zhang
- Qinghai Tianyoude Technology Investment Management Group Co., Ltd., Xining 810016, China
| | - Bin Dang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China; Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
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Tian Y, Shi Y, Zhu Y, Li H, Shen J, Gao X, Cai B, Li W, Qin K. The modern scientific mystery of traditional Chinese medicine processing--take some common traditional Chinese medicine as examples. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25091. [PMID: 38312540 PMCID: PMC10835376 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique traditional pharmaceutical technology in China, which is the most important feature that distinguishes Chinese medicine from natural medicine and plant medicine. Since the record in Huangdi Neijing (Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor), till now, the processing of TCM has experienced more than 2000 years of inheritance, innovation, and development, which is a combination of TCM theory and clinical practice, and plays an extremely important position in the field of TCM. In recent years, as a clinical prescription of TCM, Chinese herbal pieces have played a significant role in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 and exhibited their unique value, and therefore they have become the highlight of China's clinical treatment protocol and provided Chinese experience and wisdom for the international community in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper outlines the research progress in the processing of representative TCM in recent years, reviews the mechanism of the related effects of TCM materials after processing, such as changing the drug efficacy and reducing the toxicity, puts forward the integration and application of a variety of new technologies and methods, so as to reveal the modern scientific mystery of the processing technology of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yun Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore, 529757, Singapore
| | - Jinyang Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xun Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kunming Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
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Li T, Chen K, Wang X, Wang Y, Su Y, Guo Y. Mass Spectrometry Rearrangement Ions and Metabolic Pathway-Based Discovery of Indole Derivatives during the Aging Process in Citrus reticulata 'Chachi'. Foods 2023; 13:8. [PMID: 38201037 PMCID: PMC10778486 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid analysis and characterization of compounds using mass spectrometry (MS) may overlook trace compounds. Although targeted analysis methods can significantly improve detection sensitivity, it is hard to discover novel scaffold compounds in the trace. This study developed a strategy for discovering trace compounds in the aging process of traditional Chinese medicine based on MS fragmentation and known metabolic pathways. Specifically, we found that the characteristic component of C. reticulata 'Chachi', methyl N-methyl anthranilate (MMA), fragmented in electrospray ionization coupled with collision-induced dissociation (CID) to produce the rearrangement ion 3-hydroxyindole, which was proven to exist in trace amounts in C. reticulata 'Chachi' based on comparison with the reference substance using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Combining the known metabolic pathways of 3-hydroxyindole and the possible methylation reactions that may occur during aging, a total of 10 possible indole derivatives were untargeted predicted. These compounds were confirmed to originate from MMA using purchased or synthesized reference substances, all of which were detected in C. reticulata 'Chachi' through LC-MS/MS, achieving trace compound analysis from untargeted to targeted. These results may contribute to explaining the aging mechanism of C. reticulata 'Chachi', and the strategy of using the CID-induced special rearrangement ion-binding metabolic pathway has potential application value for discovering trace compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (K.C.); (X.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ke Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (K.C.); (X.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (K.C.); (X.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yue Su
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (K.C.); (X.W.); (Y.G.)
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Yang L, Zhai Y, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Hou B, Zhang B, Wang Z. Widely Targeted Metabolomics Reveals the Effects of Soil on the Metabolites in Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Molecules 2023; 28:4925. [PMID: 37446587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tiegun), a type of homologous medicinal plant, mainly grows in sandy soil (SCY) and loessial soil (LCY). However, the effects of the soil on the metabolites in SCY and LCY remain unclear. Herein, this study aims to comprehensively elucidate the metabolites in SCY and LCY. A UPLC-MS/MS-based, widely targeted metabolomics approach was adapted to compare the chemical composition of SCY and LCY. A total of 988 metabolites were detected, including 443 primary metabolites, 510 secondary metabolites, and 35 other compounds. Notably, 177 differential metabolites (classified into 12 categories) were identified between SCY and LCY; among them, 85.9% (152 differential metabolites) were upregulated in LCY. LCY significantly increased the contents of primary metabolites such as 38 lipids and 6 nucleotides and derivatives, as well as some secondary metabolites such as 36 flavonoids, 28 phenolic acids, 13 alkaloids, and 6 tannins. The results indicate that loessial soil can improve the nutritional and medicinal value of D. opposita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanping Yang
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Yangyang Zhai
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Baohua Hou
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Baobao Zhang
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- College of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
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Xian L, Tian J, Long Y, Ma H, Tian M, Liu X, Yin G, Wang L. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses provide new insights into the nutritional quality during the endosperm development of different ploidy rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1210134. [PMID: 37409294 PMCID: PMC10319422 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1210134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Autotetraploid rice is developed from diploid rice by doubling the chromosomes, leading to higher nutritional quality. Nevertheless, there is little information about the abundances of different metabolites and their changes during endosperm development in autotetraploid rice. In this research, two different kinds of rice, autotetraploid rice (AJNT-4x) and diploid rice (AJNT-2x), were subjected to experiments at various time points during endosperm development. A total of 422 differential metabolites, were identified by applying a widely used metabolomics technique based on LC-MS/MS. KEGG classification and enrichment analysis showed the differences in metabolites were primarily related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, biosynthesis of cofactors, and so on. Twenty common differential metabolites were found at three developmental stages of 10, 15 and 20 DAFs, which were considered the key metabolites. To identify the regulatory genes of metabolites, the experimental material was subjected to transcriptome sequencing. The DEGs were mainly enriched in starch and sucrose metabolism at 10 DAF, and in ribosome and biosynthesis of amino acids at 15 DAF, and in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites at 20 DAF. The numbers of enriched pathways and the DEGs gradually increased with endosperm development of rice. The related metabolic pathways of rice nutritional quality are cysteine and methionine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, lysine biosynthesis and histidine metabolism, and so on. The expression level of the genes regulating lysine content was higher in AJNT-4x than in AJNT-2x. By applying CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology, we identified two novel genes, OsLC4 and OsLC3, negatively regulated lysine content. These findings offer novel insight into dynamic metabolites and genes expression variations during endosperm development of different ploidy rice, which will aid in the creation of rice varieties with better grain nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xian
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaqi Tian
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxi Long
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijin Ma
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Tian
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoying Yin
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Lan Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Jia W, Wu X. Potential biomarkers analysis and protein internal mechanisms by cold plasma treatment: Is proteomics effective to elucidate protein-protein interaction network and biochemical pathway? Food Chem 2023; 426:136664. [PMID: 37352708 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
New market trends of meat flavor, tenderness, and color quality indicators have prompted the research on meat preservation as a crucial topic to received attention. Present research about the effects of irradiation, cold plasma technology on meat is incomplete. There are strongly recommended that proteomics techniques be jointly to enhance the coverage of internal meat molecules for meat research. By identifying meat proteins, detecting biological functions, and quantifying the protein segments of specific meat biomarkers, which can be provided for the information of diagnostic components in preservative technologies. The current review provides scientific findings on various control strategies: (i) combine the data-independent acquisition to provide a reference for the meat molecular mechanism and rapid identification; (ii) design molecular networks biological functions assessment model; (iii) molecular investigations of cold plasma techniques and underlying mechanisms; (iv) explore the X-rays and γ-rays treatment in meat preservation and myoglobin change mechanism more comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xinyu Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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10
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Shang J, Wang J, Yan P, Yan C, Li J, Li J, Yong X, Wang Q, Xiong X, Xu H. Integrative strategy for quality control of Radix Bupleuri based on non-targeted metabolomic profiling and molecular networking. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:961-974. [PMID: 36602568 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Quality control of Radix Bupleuri (RB) can be challenging due to the complexity of origin, the similar morphological characteristics, and the diversity of the multiple components. In this study, an integrated strategy for extensive identification of metabolites in plants based on multiple data processing methods was proposed to distinguish four commercially available RB species. First, the pre-processed mass spectrometry data was uploaded to Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) for spectral library search and molecular network analysis, which can effectively differentiate isomers and reduce molecular redundancy. Second, the possible cleavage mode was summarized from the characteristic MS/MS fragment ions of saikoside standard, and then the possible structure of saikoside in the sample was deduced according to the cleavage patterns. Third, collected all kinds of RB components reported in the literature and matched the information in the samples to obtain more comprehensive information about metabolites. Finally, chemical markers were found employing chemometrics. This strategy not only increases the variety and number of identified components, but also improves the accuracy of the data. Based on this strategy, a total of 132 components were identified from different species of RB, and 14 chemical constituents were considered to be potential chemical markers to distinguish four kinds of RB. Among them, saikogenin a, hydroxy-saikosaponin a, hydroxy-saikosaponin d, and rutinum were of great significance for identification. The method proposed in this study not only successfully identified and distinguished four species of RB, but also laid a good theoretical foundation for regulating the RB market. This strategy provides promising perspectives in the accurate analysis of the ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Shang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengye Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Innovative Application of Metabolomics on Bioactive Ingredients of Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192974. [PMID: 36230049 PMCID: PMC9562173 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics, as a new omics technology, has been widely accepted by researchers and has shown great potential in the field of nutrition and health in recent years. This review briefly introduces the process of metabolomics analysis, including sample preparation and extraction, derivatization, separation and detection, and data processing. This paper focuses on the application of metabolomics in food-derived bioactive ingredients. For example, metabolomics techniques are used to analyze metabolites in food to find bioactive substances or new metabolites in food materials. Moreover, bioactive substances have been tested in vitro and in vivo, as well as in humans, to investigate the changes of metabolites and the underlying metabolic pathways, among which metabolomics is used to find potential biomarkers and targets. Metabolomics provides a new approach for the prevention and regulation of chronic diseases and the study of the underlying mechanisms. It also provides strong support for the development of functional food or drugs. Although metabolomics has some limitations such as low sensitivity, poor repeatability, and limited detection range, it is developing rapidly in general, and also in the field of nutrition and health. At the end of this paper, we put forward our own insights on the development prospects of metabolomics in the application of bioactive ingredients in food.
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