1
|
Wang G, Li E, Gallo A, Perrone G, Varga E, Ma J, Yang B, Tai B, Xing F. Impact of environmental factors on ochratoxin A: From natural occurrence to control strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120767. [PMID: 36455768 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination and the associated issues of food security, food safety and economic loss are widespread throughout the world. The occurrence of OTA depends on ochratoxigenic fungi, foodstuffs and their environment. In this review, natural occurrence and control strategy of OTA, with a focus on the impact of environmental factors, are summarized. First, this manuscript introduces potentially contaminated foodstuffs, including the emerging ones which are not regulated in international legislation. Secondly, it gives an update of native producers based on foodstuffs and OTA biosynthesis. Thirdly, complicated environmental regulation is disassembled into individual factors in order to clarify their regulatory effect and mechanism. Finally, to emphasize control OTA at all stages of foodstuffs from farm to table, strategies used at crop planting, harvest, storage and processing stages are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Erfeng Li
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300392, China
| | - Antonia Gallo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Perrone
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Varga
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Junning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bolei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bowen Tai
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fuguo Xing
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Y, Chen J, Zhu Q, Wan J. Ochratoxin A in Dry-Cured Ham: OTA-Producing Fungi, Prevalence, Detection Methods, and Biocontrol Strategies-A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100693. [PMID: 36287962 PMCID: PMC9612072 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional dry-cured hams are easily contaminated by toxigenic fungi during the fermentation and ripening stages. The detection and positive rates of ochratoxin A (OTA) are the highest among mycotoxins detected in traditional dry-cured hams, indicating that OTA in hams is a potential safety hazard to human health. This review addresses the mycotoxin-producing fungal species, the toxigenic conditions causing OTA contamination worldwide, the prevalence of OTA contamination in dry-cured hams, and the detection methods applied in OTA analysis. Additionally, this study introduces methods to prevent and control OTA in traditional dry-cured hams. The growth of common mycotoxin-producing fungi and the accumulation of mycotoxins in dry-cured ham can be controlled by a microbial starter. This review provides an important theoretical foundation for the research and control of OTA in traditional dry-cured hams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshan Chen
- Department of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiujin Zhu
- Department of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jing Wan
- Department of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-178-3034-8541
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gützkow KL, Al Ayoubi C, Vasco LS, Rohn S, Maul R. Analysis of ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1 and its biosynthetic precursors in cheese – Method development and market sample screening. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
4
|
Abdel-Hadi A, Alshehri B, Waly M, Aboamer M, Banawas S, Alaidarous M, Palanisamy M, Awad M, Baazeem A. Predictive Modeling and Validation on Growth, Production of Asexual Spores and Ochratoxin A of Aspergillus Ochraceus Group under Abiotic Climatic Variables. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1321. [PMID: 34204446 PMCID: PMC8235597 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to generate predictive models for growth, sporulation, and ochratoxin A (OTA) production under abiotic climatic variables, including temperatures (15-35 °C) and water activity levels (0.99-0.90 aw) by Aspergillus ochraceus group. The data were divided into three sets: one for training, one for testing, and the third one for model validation. Optimum growth occurred at 0.95 aw and 25 °C and 0.95 aw and 30 °C for A. westerdijkiae and A. steynii, respectively. Significantly improved A. westerdijkiae and A. steynii spore production occurred at 0.95 aw and 20 °C and 0.90 aw and 35 °C, respectively. A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae produced the majority of OTA at 35 °C and 0.95 aw and 25-30 °C at 0.95-0.99 aw, respectively. The accuracy of the third-order polynomial regression model reached 96% in growth cases, 94.7% in sporulation cases, and 90.9% in OTA production cases; the regression coefficients (R2) ranged from 0.8819 to 0.9978 for the Aspergillus ochraceus group. A reliable agreement was reached between the predicted and observed growth, sporulation, and OTA production. The effects of abiotic climatic variables on growth, sporulation, and OTA production of A. ochraceus group have been effectively defined, and the models generated were responsible for adequately predicted and validated models against data from other strains within A. ochraceus group that had been published in the literature under the current treatments. These models could be successfully implemented to predict fungal growth and OTA contamination on food matrices for these strains under these conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Hadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (M.P.)
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit 71524, Egypt;
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Mohammed Waly
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (M.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Aboamer
- Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (M.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Saeed Banawas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (M.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Mohammed Alaidarous
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Manikandan Palanisamy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Mohamed Awad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit 71524, Egypt;
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Alaa Baazeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ackerman A, Wenndt A, Boyles R. The Sorghum Grain Mold Disease Complex: Pathogens, Host Responses, and the Bioactive Metabolites at Play. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:660171. [PMID: 34122480 PMCID: PMC8192977 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.660171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Grain mold is a major concern in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production systems, threatening grain quality, safety, and nutritional value as both human food and livestock feed. The crop's nutritional value, environmental resilience, and economic promise poise sorghum for increased acreage, especially in light of the growing pressures of climate change on global food systems. In order to fully take advantage of this potential, sorghum improvement efforts and production systems must be proactive in managing the sorghum grain mold disease complex, which not only jeopardizes agricultural productivity and profitability, but is also the culprit of harmful mycotoxins that warrant substantial public health concern. The robust scholarly literature from the 1980s to the early 2000s yielded valuable insights and key comprehensive reviews of the grain mold disease complex. Nevertheless, there remains a substantial gap in understanding the complex multi-organismal dynamics that underpin the plant-pathogen interactions involved - a gap that must be filled in order to deliver improved germplasm that is not only capable of withstanding the pressures of climate change, but also wields robust resistance to disease and mycotoxin accumulation. The present review seeks to provide an updated perspective of the sorghum grain mold disease complex, bolstered by recent advances in the understanding of the genetic and the biochemical interactions among the fungal pathogens, their corresponding mycotoxins, and the sorghum host. Critical components of the sorghum grain mold disease complex are summarized in narrative format to consolidate a collection of important concepts: (1) the current state of sorghum grain mold in research and production systems; (2) overview of the individual pathogens that contribute to the grain mold complex; (3) the mycotoxin-producing potential of these pathogens on sorghum and other substrates; and (4) a systems biology approach to the understanding of host responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlyn Ackerman
- Cereal Grains Breeding and Genetics, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Florence, SC, United States
| | - Anthony Wenndt
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, The School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Richard Boyles
- Cereal Grains Breeding and Genetics, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Florence, SC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Susca A, Anelli P, Haidukowski M, Probyn CE, Epifani F, Logrieco AF, Moretti A, Proctor RH. A PCR method to identify ochratoxin A-producing Aspergillus westerdijkiae strains on dried and aged foods. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 344:109113. [PMID: 33652337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxins are a group of mycotoxins that frequently occur as contaminants in agricultural commodities and foods, including dry-cured meats and cheeses. The fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae is frequently isolated from aged foods and can produce ochratoxin A (OTA). However, individual strains of the fungus can have one of two OTA production phenotypes (chemotypes): OTA production and OTA nonproduction. Monitoring and early detection of OTA-producing fungi in food are the most effective strategies to manage OTA contamination. Therefore, we examined genome sequence data from five A. westerdijkiae strains isolated from the surface of cheese from southern Italy to identify genetic markers indicative of the twoOTA chemotypes. This analysis revealed a naturally occurring deletion of the OTA regulatory gene, otaR, in an OTA-nonproducing isolate.We used this information to design a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that could identify A. westerdijkiae and distinguish between the two OTA chemotypes. In this method, the PCR primers were complementary to conserved sequences flanking otaR and yielded different-sized amplicons from strains with the different chemotypes. The primers did not yield ota-region-specific amplicons from other OTA-producing species. Because the method is specific to A. westerdijkiae and can distinguish between the two OTA chemotypes, it has potential to significantly improve OTA monitoring programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Susca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy.
| | - Pamela Anelli
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Miriam Haidukowski
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Crystal E Probyn
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Filomena Epifani
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio F Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Robert H Proctor
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tarazona A, Gómez JV, Mateo F, Jiménez M, Romera D, Mateo EM. Study on mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels in Spain. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
8
|
Gil-Serna J, Vázquez C, Patiño B. The Genomic Regions That Contain Ochratoxin A Biosynthetic Genes Widely Differ in Aspergillus Section Circumdati Species. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E754. [PMID: 33260416 PMCID: PMC7760312 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12120754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus section Circumdati includes 27 species, some of which are considered ochratoxin A (OTA) producers. However, there is considerable controversy about their potential OTA synthesis ability. In this work, the complete genomes of 13 species of Aspergillus section Circumdati were analyzed in order to study the cluster of OTA biosynthetic genes and the region was compared to those previously reported in A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae. The results obtained reveal that the genomes of some species in this section, including A. affinis, A. cretensis, A. elegans, A. muricatus, A. pulvericola, A. roseoglobulosus, and A. subramanianii, contain a potentially functional OTA biosynthetic cluster. Therefore, they might be able to synthesize the toxin. On the contrary, A. melleus, A. ochraceus, A. ostianus, A. persii, A. sclerotiorum, A. sesamicola, and A. westlandensis contain a truncated version of the cluster that lacks many of the genes involved in OTA biosynthesis, which might be related to their inability to produce OTA. The gain/loss pattern is different in all species, which suggests that the genetic evolution of this region might be due to independent events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Gil-Serna
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Nováis 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.V.); (B.P.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Iacumin L, Arnoldi M, Comi G. Effect of a Debaryomyces hansenii and Lactobacillus buchneri Starter Culture on Aspergillus westerdijkiae Ochratoxin A Production and Growth during the Manufacture of Short Seasoned Dry-Cured Ham. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1623. [PMID: 33096725 PMCID: PMC7589860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, specific dry-cured hams have started to be produced in San Daniele and Parma areas. The ingredients are similar to protected denomination of origin (PDO) produced in San Daniele or Parma areas, and include pork leg, coming from pigs bred in the Italian peninsula, salt and spices. However, these specific new products cannot be marked as a PDO, either San Daniele or Parma dry cured ham, because they are seasoned for 6 months, and the mark PDO is given only to products seasoned over 13 months. Consequently, these products are called short-seasoned dry-cured ham (SSDCH) and are not branded PDO. During their seasoning period, particularly from the first drying until the end of the seasoning period, many molds, including Eurotium spp. and Penicillium spp., can grow on the surface and work together with other molds and tissue enzymes to produce a unique aroma. Both of these strains typically predominate over other molds. However, molds producing ochratoxins, such as Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium nordicum, can simultaneously grow and produce ochratoxin A (OTA). Consequently, these dry-cured hams may represent a potential health risk for consumers. Recently, Aspergillus westerdijkiae has been isolated from SSDCHs, which could represent a potential problem for consumers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to inhibit A. westerdijkiae using Debaryomyces hansenii or Lactobacillus buchneri or a mix of both microorganisms. Six D. hansenii and six L. buchneri strains were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit A. westerdijkiae. The strains D. hansenii (DIAL)1 and L. buchneri (Lb)4 demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity and were selected for in situ tests. The strains were inoculated or co-inoculated on fresh pork legs for SSDCH production with OTA-producing A. westerdijkiae prior to the first drying and seasoning. At the end of seasoning (six months), OTA was not detected in the SSDCH treated with both microorganisms and their combination. Because both strains did not adversely affect the SSDCH odor or flavor, the combination of these strains are proposed for use as starters to inhibit OTA-producing A. westerdijkiae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giuseppe Comi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/a, 33100 Udine, Italy; (L.I.); (M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Anelli P, Haidukowski M, Epifani F, Cimmarusti MT, Moretti A, Logrieco A, Susca A. Fungal mycobiota and mycotoxin risk for traditional artisan Italian cave cheese. Food Microbiol 2019; 78:62-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Durand N, Fontana A, Meile JC, Suàrez-Quiroz ML, Schorr-Galindo S, Montet D. Differentiation and quantification of the ochratoxin A producers Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus westerdijkiae using PCR-DGGE. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 59:158-165. [PMID: 30240041 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic, teratogenic, immunotoxic, and carcinogenic mycotoxin which is produced in tropical zones mainly by Aspergillus carbonarius, A. niger, A. ochraceus, and A. westerdijkiae. A. ochraceus and A. westerdijkiae species are phenotypically and genomically very close but A. westerdijkiae produce OTA at a very higher level than A. ochraceus. These species have been differentiated recently. The DNA primer pairs which were drawn so far are not specific and a genomic region of the same size is amplified for both species or they are too specific, and in this case, the DNA of a single species is amplified. To help preventing OTA contamination of foodstuffs, the PCR-DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) method was used to discriminate between A. ochraceus and A. westerdijkiae DNA fragments of the same size but with different sequences and thus faster access to a diagnosis of the toxigenic potential of the fungal microflora. The proposed methodology was able to differentiate A. westerdijkiae from A. ochraceus with only one primer pairs in a single run. A calibration based on initial DNA content was obtained from image analysis of the DGGE gels and a method of quantification of the two strains was proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noël Durand
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Angélique Fontana
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Meile
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sabine Schorr-Galindo
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Montet
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d'Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tarazona A, Gómez JV, Gavara R, Mateo-Castro R, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Jiménez M, Mateo EM. Risk management of ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A in maize grains by bioactive EVOH films containing individual components of some essential oils. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 269:107-119. [PMID: 29421354 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus steynii and Aspergillus tubingensis are possibly the main ochratoxin A (OTA) producing species in Aspergillus section Circumdati and section Nigri, respectively. OTA is a potent nephrotoxic, teratogenic, embryotoxic, genotoxic, neurotoxic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive compound being cereals the first source of OTA in the diet. In this study bioactive ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) films containing cinnamaldehyde (CINHO), linalool (LIN), isoeugenol (IEG) or citral (CIT) which are major components of some plant essential oils (EOs) were produced and tested against A. steynii and A. tubingensis growth and OTA production in partly milled maize grains. Due to the favourable safety profile, these bioactive compounds are considered in the category "GRAS". The study was carried out under different water activity (0.96 and 0.99 aw), and temperature (24 and 32 °C) conditions. ANOVA showed that class of film, fungal species, aw and temperature and their interactions significantly affected growth rates (GR), ED50 and ED90 and the doses for total fungal growth inhibition and OTA production. The most effective EVOH films against both species were those containing CINHO. ED50, ED90 and doses for total growth and OTA inhibition were 165-405, 297-614, 333-666 μg of EVOH-CINHO/plate (25 g of maize grains), respectively, depending on environmental conditions. The least efficient were EVOH-LIN films. ED50, ED90 and doses for total growth and OTA inhibition were 2800->3330, >3330 and >3330 μg of EVOH-LIN/plate (25 g of maize grains), respectively. The effectiveness of the bioactive films increased with increasing doses. Overall, A. tubingensis was less sensitive to treatments than A. steynii. Depending on the species, aw and temperature affected GR and OTA production in a different way. In A. steynii cultures, optimal growth occurred at 0.96 aw and 32 °C while optimal OTA production happened at 0.99 aw and 32 °C. In A. tubingensis cultures optimal growth happened at 0.99 aw and 32 °C, although the best conditions for OTA production were 0.99 aw and 24 °C. Thus, these species can be very competitive in warm climates and storage conditions. The EVOH-CINHO films followed by EVOH-IEG and EVOH-CIT films, designed in this study and applied in vapour phase, can be potent antifungal agents against A. steynii and A. tubingensis and strong inhibitors of OTA biosynthesis in maize grains at very low doses. This is the first study on the impact that interacting environmental conditions and bioactive films containing individual components of EOs have on the growth of these ochratoxigenic fungi and on OTA production in maize grains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tarazona
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - José V Gómez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Gavara
- Packaging Lab, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, CSIC, Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rufino Mateo-Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry. University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - José V Gimeno-Adelantado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry. University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Misericordia Jiménez
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva M Mateo
- Microbiology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Institute for Research INCLIVA, Av. Menéndez y Pelayo 4, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Gil-Serna J, García-Díaz M, González-Jaén MT, Vázquez C, Patiño B. Description of an orthologous cluster of ochratoxin A biosynthetic genes in Aspergillus and Penicillium species. A comparative analysis. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 268:35-43. [PMID: 29324288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the most important mycotoxins due to its toxic properties and worldwide distribution which is produced by several Aspergillus and Penicillium species. The knowledge of OTA biosynthetic genes and understanding of the mechanisms involved in their regulation are essential. In this work, we obtained a clear picture of biosynthetic genes organization in the main OTA-producing Aspergillus and Penicillium species (A. steynii, A. westerdijkiae, A. niger, A. carbonarius and P. nordicum) using complete genome sequences obtained in this work or previously available on databases. The results revealed a region containing five ORFs which predicted five proteins: halogenase, bZIP transcription factor, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, non-ribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase in all the five species. Genetic synteny was conserved in both Penicillium and Aspergillus species although genomic location seemed to be different since the clusters presented different flanking regions (except for A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae); these observations support the hypothesis of the orthology of this genomic region and that it might have been acquired by horizontal transfer. New real-time RT-PCR assays for quantification of the expression of these OTA biosynthetic genes were developed. In all species, the five genes were consistently expressed in OTA-producing strains in permissive conditions. These protocols might favour futures studies on the regulation of biosynthetic genes in order to develop new efficient control methods to avoid OTA entering the food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gil-Serna
- Department of Microbiology III, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta García-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology III, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa González-Jaén
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Covadonga Vázquez
- Department of Microbiology III, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Patiño
- Department of Microbiology III, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Merla C, Andreoli G, Garino C, Vicari N, Tosi G, Guglielminetti ML, Moretti A, Biancardi A, Arlorio M, Fabbi M. Monitoring of ochratoxin A and ochratoxin-producing fungi in traditional salami manufactured in Northern Italy. Mycotoxin Res 2018; 34:107-116. [DOI: 10.1007/s12550-017-0305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
|
17
|
González-Jartı N JM, Alfonso A, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Botana LM. UPLC-MS-IT-TOF Identification of Circumdatins Produced by Aspergillus ochraceus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4843-4852. [PMID: 28535676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A method based on the combined use of ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry-ion trap-time-of-flight (UPLC-MS-IT-TOF) detection was employed to identify the metabolite production of Aspergillus ochraceus, which is the major cause of food and feed contamination due to ochratoxin A. Under the proposed chromatographic conditions, seven metabolites belonging to the family of circumdatins were separated and identified. Their initial identification was performed through the exact molecular formula, as a function of their accurate mass. Collision-induced dissociation was applied to predict precursor and product ions, and the elemental composition of each compound was obtained. The elimination of nitrogenous groups followed by successive losses of carbonyl groups is the common fragmentation pathway of circumdatins. With the fragmentation data obtained, an UPLC-MS/MS method was created and optimized to detect circumdatins in corn samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M González-Jartı N
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - María J Sainz
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Mercedes R Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis M Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 27002 Lugo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Biocontrol of ochratoxigenic moulds ( Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium nordicum ) by Debaryomyces hansenii and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera during speck production. Food Microbiol 2017; 62:188-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
19
|
Jedidi I, Cruz A, González-Jaén MT, Said S. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A and their Aspergillus causal species in Tunisian cereals. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 10:51-58. [PMID: 27735214 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1247917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Occurrence of aflatoxins (AFs) AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2 and ochra toxin A (OTA) was studied in 65 samples of stored and freshly harvested wheat, barley and maize collected in Tunisia. The mycotoxins were simultaneously extracted and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. Determination of AF-producing (section Flavi) and OTA-producing Aspergillus species (sections Nigri and Circumdati) was conducted in these samples by species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that most of maize samples were contaminated with AFs, data after storage showing lower values than those collected at harvest. All contaminated maize samples contained AFG1 and AFG2, among which 27.78% also had AFB1 and AFB2. This AFs pattern was consistent with the A. parasiticus toxin profile. A. flavus however showed the highest frequency in maize but was also found in barley and wheat where no AFs were detected. In contrast, OTA was neither found in maize nor in barley and only one wheat sample contained OTA. A. niger was the only OTA-producing species detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Jedidi
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse , University of Sousse , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Alejandra Cruz
- b Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology , Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) , Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Salem Said
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse , University of Sousse , Sousse , Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bordini JG, Rossi CN, Ono MA, Hirooka EY, Sataque Ono EY. Exposure degree of broilers to ochratoxin A through naturally contaminated feed. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Gozzi Bordini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; State University of Londrina; P.O. Box 10.011 Londrina Paraná 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Carolina Nachi Rossi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; State University of Londrina; P.O. Box 10.011 Londrina Paraná 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Mario Augusto Ono
- Department of Pathological Sciences; State University of Londrina; P.O. Box 10.011 Londrina Paraná 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Elisa Yoko Hirooka
- Department of Food Science and Technology; State University of Londrina; P.O. Box 10.011 Londrina Paraná 86057-970 Brazil
| | - Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology; State University of Londrina; P.O. Box 10.011 Londrina Paraná 86057-970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Clustered array of ochratoxin A biosynthetic genes in Aspergillus steynii and their expression patterns in permissive conditions. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 214:102-108. [PMID: 26256718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus steynii is probably the most relevant species of section Circumdati producing ochratoxin A (OTA). This mycotoxin contaminates a wide number of commodities and it is highly toxic for humans and animals. Little is known on the biosynthetic genes and their regulation in Aspergillus species. In this work, we identified and analysed three contiguous genes in A. steynii using 5'-RACE and genome walking approaches which predicted a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (p450ste), a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (nrpsste) and a polyketide synthase (pksste). These three genes were contiguous within a 20742 bp long genomic DNA fragment. Their corresponding cDNA were sequenced and their expression was analysed in three A. steynii strains using real time RT-PCR specific assays in permissive conditions in in vitro cultures. OTA was also analysed in these cultures. Comparative analyses of predicted genomic, cDNA and amino acid sequences were performed with sequences of similar gene functions. All the results obtained in these analyses were consistent and point out the involvement of these three genes in OTA biosynthesis by A. steynii and showed a co-ordinated expression pattern. This is the first time that a clustered organization OTA biosynthetic genes has been reported in Aspergillus genus. The results also suggested that this situation might be common in Aspergillus OTA-producing species and distinct to the one described for Penicillium species.
Collapse
|
22
|
Scaramuzza N, Diaferia C, Berni E. Monitoring the mycobiota of three plants manufacturing Culatello (a typical Italian meat product). Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 203:78-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
23
|
Aspergillus steynii and Aspergillus westerdijkiae as potential risk of OTA contamination in food products in warm climates. Food Microbiol 2015; 46:168-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
24
|
Abstract
Aspergillus section Circumdati or the Aspergillus ochraceus group, includes species with rough walled stipes, biseriate conidial heads, yellow to ochre conidia and sclerotia that do not turn black. Several species are able to produce mycotoxins including ochratoxins, penicillic acids, and xanthomegnins. Some species also produce drug lead candidates such as the notoamides. A polyphasic approach was applied using morphological characters, extrolite data and partial calmodulin, β-tubulin and ITS sequences to examine the evolutionary relationships within this section. Based on this approach the section Circumdati is revised and 27 species are accepted, introducing seven new species: A. occultus, A. pallidofulvus, A. pulvericola, A. salwaensis, A. sesamicola, A. subramanianii and A. westlandensis. In addition we correctly apply the name A. fresenii (≡ A. sulphureus (nom. illeg.)). A guide for the identification of these 27 species is provided. These new species can be distinguished from others based on morphological characters, sequence data and extrolite profiles. The previously described A. onikii and A. petrakii were found to be conspecific with A. ochraceus, whilst A. flocculosus is tentatively synonymised with A. ochraceopetaliformis, despite extrolite differences between the two species. Based on the extrolite data, 13 species of section Circumdati produce large amounts of ochratoxin A: A. affinis, A. cretensis, A. fresenii, A. muricatus, A. occultus, A. ochraceopetaliformis (A. flocculosus), A. ochraceus, A. pseudoelegans, A. pulvericola, A. roseoglobulosus, A. sclerotiorum, A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae. Seven additional species produce ochratoxin A inconsistently and/or in trace amounts: A. melleus, A. ostianus, A. persii, A. salwaensis, A. sesamicola, A. subramanianii and A. westlandensis. The most important species regarding potential ochratoxin A contamination in agricultural products are A. ochraceus, A. steynii and A. westerdijkiae.
Collapse
|
25
|
A new in vitro method to detect growth and ochratoxin A-producing ability of multiple fungal species commonly found in food commodities. Food Microbiol 2014; 44:243-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Algül I, Kara D. Determination and chemometric evaluation of total aflatoxin, aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and heavy metals content in corn flours from Turkey. Food Chem 2014; 157:70-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
27
|
Gil-Serna J, Vázquez C, García Sandino F, Márquez Valle A, González-Jaén MT, Patiño B. Evaluation of growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus steynii and Aspergillus westerdijkiae in green-coffee based medium under different environmental conditions. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
28
|
Kuruc JA, Manthey F, Simsek S, Wolf-Hall C. Survey of ochratoxin A in freshly harvested durum and hard red spring wheat in the United States, 2011 and 2012. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1005-9. [PMID: 24853526 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a toxin produced by some Penicillium and Aspergillus species around the world in a variety of food and feed, especially cereal grains, before harvest but primarily during storage. Durum and hard red spring (HRS) wheat samples were collected right after harvest as part of the U. S. regional crop quality survey in both 2011 (n = 560) and 2012 (n = 654) from the upper Great Plains. All samples were analyzed for OTA contamination using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Overall, 2.1% of the samples were positive for OTA. In 2011, OTA was detected in 1.0% of the durum wheat samples but was not found in HRS wheat. In 2012, 8.3 and 1.4% of the durum and HRS wheat samples, respectively, were positive for OTA. Of the 25 samples that had detectable OTA, 3 samples (12%), all of which were durum wheat, had OTA that exceeded 5 ng/g.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Kuruc
- Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Frank Manthey
- Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Senay Simsek
- Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA
| | - Charlene Wolf-Hall
- Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Reverberi M, Fabbri AA, Fanelli C. Ochratoxin A and Related Mycotoxins. Fungal Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1191-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Hayat A, Yang C, Rhouati A, Marty JL. Recent advances and achievements in nanomaterial-based, and structure switchable aptasensing platforms for ochratoxin A detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:15187-208. [PMID: 24201319 PMCID: PMC3871093 DOI: 10.3390/s131115187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aptamer-based bioreceptors that can easily adopt their surroundings have captured the attention of scientists from a wide spectrum of domains in designing highly sensitive, selective and structure switchable sensing assays. Through elaborate design and chemical functionalization, numerous aptamer-based assays have been developed that can switch their conformation upon incubation with target analyte, resulting in an enhanced output signal. To further lower the detection limits to picomolar levels, nanomaterials have attracted great interest in the design of aptamer-based sensing platforms. Associated to their unique properties, nanomaterials offer great promise for numerous aptasensing applications. This review will discuss current research activities in the aptasensing with typical example of detection of ochratoxin A (OTA). OTA, a secondary fungal metabolite, contaminates a variety of food commodities, and has several toxicological effects such as nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, teratogenic and immunotoxic activities. The review will introduce advances made in the methods of integrating nanomaterials in aptasensing, and will discuss current conformational switchable design strategies in aptasensor fabrication methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Hayat
- BIOMEM, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan Cedex 66860, France; E-Mails: (A.H.); (C.Y.); (A.R.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Cheng Yang
- BIOMEM, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan Cedex 66860, France; E-Mails: (A.H.); (C.Y.); (A.R.)
| | - Amina Rhouati
- BIOMEM, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan Cedex 66860, France; E-Mails: (A.H.); (C.Y.); (A.R.)
| | - Jean Louis Marty
- BIOMEM, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan Cedex 66860, France; E-Mails: (A.H.); (C.Y.); (A.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen AJ, Tang D, Zhou YQ, Sun BD, Li XJ, Wang LZ, Gao WW. Identification of ochratoxin A producing fungi associated with fresh and dry liquorice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78285. [PMID: 24205182 PMCID: PMC3804526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of fungi on liquorice could contaminate the crop and result in elevated levels of mycotoxin. In this study, the mycobiota associated with fresh and dry liquorice was investigated in 3 producing regions of China. Potential toxigenic fungi were tested for ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Based on a polyphasic approach using morphological characters, β-tubulin and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene phylogeny, a total of 9 genera consisting of 22 fungal species were identified, including two new Penicillium species (Penicillium glycyrrhizacola sp. nov. and Penicillium xingjiangense sp. nov.). The similarity of fungal communities associated with fresh and dry liquorice was low. Nineteen species belonging to 8 genera were detected from fresh liquorice with populations affiliated with P. glycyrrhizacola, P. chrysogenum and Aspergillus insuetus comprising the majority (78.74%, 33.33% and 47.06% of total) of the community from Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang samples, respectively. In contrast, ten species belonging to 4 genera were detected from dry liquorice with populations affiliated with P. chrysogenum, P. crustosum and Aspergillus terreus comprising the majority (64.00%, 52.38% and 90.91% of total) of the community from Gansu, Ningxia and Xinjiang samples, respectively. Subsequent LC/MS/MS analysis indicated that 5 fungal species were able to synthesize OTA in vitro including P. chrysogenum, P. glycyrrhizacola, P. polonicum, Aspergillus ochraceus and A. westerdijkiae, the OTA concentration varied from 12.99 to 39.03 µg/kg. AFB1 was absent in all tested strains. These results demonstrate the presence of OTA producing fungi on fresh liquorice and suggest that these fungi could survive on dry liquorice after traditional sun drying. Penicillium chrysogenum derived from surrounding environments is likely to be a stable contributor to high OTA level in liquorice. The harvesting and processing procedure needs to be monitored in order to keep liquorice free of toxigenic fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Juan Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dan Tang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ying Qun Zhou
- China National Corporation of Traditional & Herbal Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bing Da Sun
- China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Jin Li
- Xinjiang Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnicdrug, Urumchi, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhi Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Effect of Penicillium nalgiovense as protective culture in processing of dry-fermented sausage “salchichón”. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
33
|
Luque MI, Córdoba JJ, Rodríguez A, Núñez F, Andrade MJ. Development of a PCR protocol to detect ochratoxin A producing moulds in food products. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
34
|
Rodríguez A, Rodríguez M, Martín A, Delgado J, Córdoba JJ. Presence of ochratoxin A on the surface of dry-cured Iberian ham after initial fungal growth in the drying stage. Meat Sci 2012; 92:728-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
35
|
García-Cela E, Gil-Serna J, Marín S, Acevedo H, Patiño B, Ramos A. Effect of preharvest anti-fungal compounds on Aspergillus steynii and A. carbonarius under fluctuating and extreme environmental conditions. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 159:167-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
36
|
Evaluation of hazard of aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and patulin production in dry-cured ham and early detection of producing moulds by qPCR. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Amézqueta S, Schorr-Galindo S, Murillo-Arbizu M, González-Peñas E, López de Cerain A, Guiraud J. OTA-producing fungi in foodstuffs: A review. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
38
|
Hayat A, Paniel N, Rhouati A, Marty JL, Barthelmebs L. Recent advances in ochratoxin A-producing fungi detection based on PCR methods and ochratoxin A analysis in food matrices. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
39
|
García-Cela E, Ramos A, Sanchis V, Marin S. Emerging risk management metrics in food safety: FSO, PO. How do they apply to the mycotoxin hazard? Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
40
|
García-Cela E, Ramos AJ, Sanchis V, Marin S. Ochratoxigenic moulds and effectiveness of grape field antifungals in a climatic change scenario. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:1455-1461. [PMID: 22131267 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in grapes and grape derivatives has been reported mainly in the Mediterranean area. Consequently, great efforts are being made to prevent the growth of Aspergillus on grapes. However, the European Commission suggests that climate change may result in increased temperatures and longer drought periods in southern Europe. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate how ochratoxigenic fungal growth and the efficiency of fungicides used at present might be affected by environmental conditions predicted with climate change. RESULTS The effectiveness of grape field antifungals (Switch, Flint Max and Equisetum arvense extract) under two alternating temperature, photoperiod and relative humidity (RH) scenarios (current: 20/30 °C, 16 h light/8 h darkness, 80% RH; predicted: 25/37 °C, 16 h light/8 h darkness, 75% RH) on the growth and OTA production of two Aspergillus carbonarius isolates and one Aspergillus ochraceus isolate on grapes was investigated. CONCLUSION Predicted conditions reduced A. carbonarius and limited A. ochraceus growth. Antifungals reduced fungal infection (by 40-84%), although no correlation between climatic conditions and effectiveness of the antifungals was found. However, Switch always showed the greatest reduction and E. arvense (0.02 g mL(-1) extract) the least. Higher temperatures affected OTA production by the isolates in different ways. In general, Switch and Flint Max reduced OTA production, while E. arvense stimulated it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Cela
- Food Technology Department, Lleida University, XaRTA-UTPV, Lleida, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mechanisms involved in reduction of ochratoxin A produced by Aspergillus westerdijkiae using Debaryomyces hansenii CYC 1244. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 151:113-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
42
|
Rodríguez A, Rodríguez M, Luque MI, Justesen AF, Córdoba JJ. Quantification of ochratoxin A-producing molds in food products by SYBR Green and TaqMan real-time PCR methods. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 149:226-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
43
|
Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in stored barley grain in Spain and impact of PCR-based strategies to assess the occurrence of aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic Aspergillus spp. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 149:118-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
44
|
Khalesi M, Khatib N. The effects of different ecophysiological factors on ochratoxin A production. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2011; 32:113-121. [PMID: 21843789 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin biosynthesis is affected by peculiar agro-ecosystem dependent conditions. Accordingly, the correlation between mycotoxin contamination and environmental condition change scenarios should be carefully considered. This is because fungal colonization and mycotoxin contamination could critically impair the availability of food products, especially in poor countries. At any time, the agricultural products might become susceptible to fungal contamination and mycotoxin production in uncontrolled storage. From 2000 to 2010, many studies were carried out in the case of the effects of different parameters on ochratoxin A (OTA) production by fungi in order to avoid providing the appropriate conditions for producing OTA. Water activity (a(w)), temperature, type of species and the substrates were introduced as the most important in these articles. This paper reviews the major published articles regarding the different ecophysiological factors influencing on OTA production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Khalesi
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe-MaltBeerSci), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M(2)S), Katholic University of Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sardiñas N, Gil-Serna J, Santos L, Ramos AJ, González-Jaén MT, Patiño B, Vázquez C. Detection of potentially mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species in Capsicum powder by a highly sensitive PCR-based detection method. Food Control 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
46
|
Davolos D, Persiani AM, Pietrangeli B, Ricelli A, Maggi O. Aspergillus affinis sp. nov., a novel ochratoxin A-producing Aspergillus species (section Circumdati) isolated from decomposing leaves. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 62:1007-1015. [PMID: 21788229 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.034785-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two ochratoxin A (OTA)-producing Aspergillus isolates, recently collected from submerged riparian decomposing leaves in Italy, were found to have a similar morphology to Aspergillus cretensis (subgenus Circumdati, section Circumdati). However, marked differences emerged between these two novel isolates and A. cretensis as the former displayed different colony features and had larger vesicles, metulae, phialides and conidia, as well as a distinct sclerotial form and size. In order to determine the taxonomic status and to infer the evolutionary relationships of these two morphologically identical isolates, a molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed on all the officially recognized lineages in the section Circumdati. The DNA sequences and the deduced amino acid residues from the nuclear loci were analysed. Both rRNA and protein coding genes were assessed, which are widely used to differentiate taxa belonging to genus Aspergillus at various evolutionary levels. The 5.8S rDNA gene and internal transcribed spacers (ITS), the D1/D2 domains of the 28S rDNA gene, a region of the tubulin beta chain gene (benA) and part of the calmodulin gene (cmd) were amplified by PCR and then sequenced. The analysis of the rRNA regions and of the benA and cmd sequence data indicated that the two isogenic isolates belonged to a genetically distinct OTA-producing species of the genus Aspergillus. The isolates are proposed as representing a novel species, Aspergillus affinis sp. nov., with the type strain ATCC MYA-4773T=CBS 129190=417). Phylogenetically, A. affinis sp. nov. appeared to be very closely related to A. cretensis, from which it could be distinguished by means of a morphological trait analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Davolos
- Department of Productive Plants and Interaction with the Environment (DIPIA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Prevention (INAIL-exISPESL), Via Urbana, 167 - 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Persiani
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Pietrangeli
- Department of Productive Plants and Interaction with the Environment (DIPIA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Prevention (INAIL-exISPESL), Via Urbana, 167 - 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ricelli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry ICB-CNR, P. le A. Moro, 5 - 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Oriana Maggi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro, 5-00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|