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Dikici E, Önal Acet B, Acet Ö, Odabaşı M. “Lab-on-pol” colormatic sensor platforms: Melamine detection with color change on melamine imprinted membranes. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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2
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Kharajinezhadian R, Javad Chaichi M, Nazari O, Mansour Lakouraj M, Hasantabar V. Fraud monitoring using a new disposable photoluminescence sensor in milk. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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3
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Yadav AK, Gattupalli M, Dashora K, Kumar V. Key Milk Adulterants in India and their Detection Techniques: a Review. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Safety Assessment of Locusta migratoria Powder Enriched Peanut-Based Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF). ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CIBINIENSIS. SERIES E: FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aucft-2022-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Migratory locust has been widely reported as a quality protein source. However, there are food safety problems related with the usage of insects as food. In this study, migratory locust powder (MLP) was used as a protein supply alternative to milk powder (MP) in peanut-based RUTFs. Seven formulations were obtained at different substitution levels (0 – 30%) of MP with MLP. Pesticide residues, aflatoxins, triazine and toxic metals were analysed using a GC-MS system and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Formulation with 30% MLP and without milk have the highest level of organochlorine (3.22 µg/kg), organophosphorus (0.40-4.56µg/kg) amongst others. Aflatoxins of the therapeutic foods increased with increasing levels of MLP. The heavy metals, melamine, and cyanuric acid of the RUTFs were below the standard permissible limits. Migratory locust powder could be used as an alternate protein source in the formulation of peanut based RUTFs without posing health threat.
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Abstract
Milk adulteration is a common problem in developing countries, and it can lead to fatal diseases in humans. Despite several studies to identify different adulterants in milk samples, the effects of multiple adulterants remain unexplored. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) paper-based microfluidic device is designed and fabricated to simultaneously detect multiple chemical adulterants in milk. This device comprises a top cover, a bottom cover, and a middle layer composed of transportation and a detection zone. By making cuts on the middle layer’s support, the device’s flow path is characterised by optimum and uniform velocity. For the first time, seven adulterants (urea, detergents, soap, starch, hydrogen peroxide, sodium-hydrogen-carbonate, and salt) are detected in the milk sample simultaneously with specificity evaluation and detailed color interference analysis. Only 1–2 mL of sample volume is required to detect 7 adulterants at one time. We have used only 10 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\upmu$$\end{document}μL of the reagent’s volume for the colorimetric reaction and found the results within a few seconds. Observation reveals that the limit of detection (LOD) of the adulterants lies in the range between \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$0.2\%$$\end{document}0.2% (vol./vol.) using the colorimetric detection technique. The unknown quantity of the added adulterants is measured using the calibration curves obtained from the experiments results. The repeatability and reproducibility of the process, sensitivity, and the linear range of detection of the calibration curves and the statistical study of the color intensity data are thoroughly analysed herein. In any resource-limited setting, this simple, portable, and user-friendly 3D microfluidic device is expected to be used for testing liquid foods before consumption.
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Park S, Cho T, Rhee M. Characterization of the nitrite production of mesophilic spore-forming bacteria during the handling of reconstituted infant formula. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Hu T, Xu J, Shang M, Zhao Q, Cao Y. Photonic crystal sensor for melamine based on magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles self-assembled with an amphiphilic random copolymer. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:215. [PMID: 35524922 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MMINPs) were obtained with a one-step process through miniemulsion self-assembly using an amphiphilic random copolymer as both an emulsifier and MMINP coating, oleic acid-modified magnetite nanoparticles as magnetic cores, and melamine (MEL) as the template molecule. MMINPs were assembled under an external magnetic field to construct photonic crystal (PC) sensor for naked-eye detection of MEL. The MMINPs were characterized by FT-IR, TEM, TGA, and VSM. The analytical performances of the magnetic molecularly imprinted PC sensor for MEL (MEL-MMIPCs) were investigated with respect to sensitivity, response time, selectivity, and stability. As the MEL concentration increases from 1.0 to 1.0 × 106 μg/l, the reflection wavelength of MEL-MMIPCs shifted from 497 to 709 nm, and was linear with the logarithm of MEL concentration in this range. The detection limit was 0.21 μg/l (S/N = 3) and response time was within 30 s. The MEL-MMIPC sensor had an imprinting factor of 5.09, and selectivity factors for the analogs cyanuric acid and atrazine were 8.76 and 5.75, respectively, indicating the high sensitivity and selectivity. After 10 cycles of elution/response, MEL-MMIPCs still had a good ability to recognize MEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyi Hu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiasheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Meng Shang
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuhua Cao
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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8
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Delatour T, Becker F, Krause J, Romero R, Gruna R, Längle T, Panchaud A. Handheld Spectral Sensing Devices Should Not Mislead Consumers as Far as Non-Authentic Food Is Concerned: A Case Study with Adulteration of Milk Powder. Foods 2021; 11:foods11010075. [PMID: 35010202 PMCID: PMC8750415 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rising trend of consumers being offered by start-up companies portable devices and applications for checking quality of purchased products, it appears of paramount importance to assess the reliability of miniaturized sensors embedded in such devices. Here, eight sensors were assessed for food fraud applications in skimmed milk powder. The performance was evaluated with dry- and wet-blended powders mimicking adulterated materials by addition of either ammonium sulfate, semicarbazide, or cornstarch in the range 0.5-10% of profit. The quality of the spectra was assessed for an adequate identification of the outliers prior to a deep assessment of performance for both non-targeted (soft independent modelling of class analogy, SIMCA) and targeted analyses (partial least square regression with orthogonal signal correction, OPLS). Here, we show that the sensors have generally difficulties in detecting adulterants at ca. 5% supplementation, and often fail in achieving adequate specificity and detection capability. This is a concern as they may mislead future users, particularly consumers, if they are intended to be developed for handheld devices available publicly in smartphone-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Delatour
- Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.R.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Florian Becker
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Julius Krause
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Roman Romero
- Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Robin Gruna
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Thomas Längle
- Fraunhofer IOSB, Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation, Fraunhoferstrasse 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (J.K.); (R.G.); (T.L.)
| | - Alexandre Panchaud
- Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Nestlé Research, Route du Jorat 57, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland; (R.R.); (A.P.)
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9
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Öztürk S, Demir N. Development of a novel IMAC sorbent for the identification of melamine in dairy products by HPLC. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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10
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Li L, Chin WS. Rapid and sensitive SERS detection of melamine in milk using Ag nanocube array substrate coupled with multivariate analysis. Food Chem 2021; 357:129717. [PMID: 33964627 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a facile Ag nanocube (NC) array substrate was fabricated for rapid SERS detection of melamine in milk. This easily-prepared substrate exhibited high Raman enhancement factor (~1.02 × 105) and good reproducibility with ~10.75% spot-to-spot variation in Raman intensity. Our proposed method can detect melamine as low as 0.01 ppm in standard solutions and 0.5 ppm in real milk samples after a simple one-step solvent extraction. Two multivariate analysis tools including partial least squares and support vector machines (SVM) were explored to develop reliable regression models for quantitative SERS analysis of melamine. By comparison, SVM regression models exhibited better predictive performance, especially in liquid milk, with root mean square error (RMSE) of calibration = 5.5783, coefficient of determination (R2) of calibration = 0.9807, RMSE of prediction = 1.9636, and R2 of prediction = 0.9736. Hence, this study offers a rapid and sensitive detection of adulterant melamine in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wee Shong Chin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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11
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Sun Y, Zhai X, Xu Y, Liu C, Zou X, Li Z, Shi J, Huang X. Facile fabrication of three-dimensional gold nanodendrites decorated by silver nanoparticles as hybrid SERS-active substrate for the detection of food contaminants. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Yu J, Chen Y, Zhang J, Chen S, Wang Q, Qin Z, Tang Z. Development of a miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometer coupled with an improved substrate-enhanced laser-induced acoustic desorption source (SE-LIAD/TOF-MS). Analyst 2021; 146:4365-4373. [PMID: 34128507 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00696g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel, compact and sensitive SE-LIAD/TOF-MS has been described. It facilitates fast sample preparation, and a full mass spectrum is acquired efficiently and sensitively. More importantly, it features the detection of non-acidic and non-basic or non-polar species, which is not suitable for determination by ESI and MALDI techniques. In this technique, standard samples, carbazole and melamine, are prepared on a Ti foil with a quartz plate attached to the backside of the Ti foil to perform a laser-induced acoustic desorption experiment (SE-LIAD) coupled to TOF-MS for analysis. Enhanced signals are observed with about 5.6 to 13.8 times higher than that obtained in the standard LIAD method, dependent on different ionization techniques. Compared to the EI spectra, the PI spectra for both species show intact and sharp molecular peaks. The limits of detection (LOD) of melamine were evaluated experimentally in the range from ∼2-6 pg (EI/MS mode) to ∼0.3-0.5 ng (VUV-SPI/MS mode). Thus, the method in this study exhibits rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis with good sensitivity, being free of the complex matrix influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yuwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Shanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Qiaolin Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and electronic information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China. and Key Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Zhengbo Qin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, School of Physics and electronic information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Zichao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Cheng H, Xia S, Zhou Y, Lin B. A High-matched Melamine Sensor Using Core/shell Nano Particles of Fe 3O 4@Polyrutin-COOH and Ionic Liquid as Imprinted Polymeric Monomers. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:745-749. [PMID: 31956157 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe here a magnetic molecular imprinted polymeric ionic liquid (MMIPIL) film by using a functionalized ionic liquid (3-vinyl-4-amino-5-imidazole carboxamide chloride, IL) and Fe3O4@Polyrutin-COOH as a functional monomer and supporting materials. The change in the direction of the charge density in the structure of MMIPIL polymer resulted in a red shift of about 100 nm for the characteristic group of -C=O. Polyrutin containing an electron-rich benzene ring and multiple hydroxyl groups not only prevented the aggregation of Fe3O4, but also benefitted to immobilize template molecules. More symmetric amino groups in the template molecules generated more hydrogen bonds and other synergistic effects between MEL and the functional monomers, which resulted in a highly-matched and highly stable MMIPIL sensor. The proposed magnetic sensor lowered the matching potential, and enhanced the signal for the detection of melamine (MEL) in milk powder. Under the optimum conditions, the MEL template molecule showed a significant linear relationship between 5.0 × 10-3 and 0.8 μg/L with a detection limit (S/N = 3) of 1.5 × 10-3 μg/L. The MMIPIL sensor showed wonderful selectivity and exhibited facile, fast and efficient results in the monitoring MEL with recoveries of between 96.5 and 108.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Cheng
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Siyu Xia
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binbin Lin
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
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Liu S, Kannegulla A, Kong X, Sun R, Liu Y, Wang R, Yu Q, Wang AX. Simultaneous colorimetric and surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of melamine from milk. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 231:118130. [PMID: 32044710 PMCID: PMC8711265 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a dual-mode readout sensing mechanism that can effectively distinguish true and false-positive signals of melamine in milk by combining colorimetric analysis and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The colorimetry analysis takes advantage of color change of plasmonic nanoparticles upon the presence of melamine. We discovered that Ag colloids with 20 nm diameter was suitable for both colorimetric and SERS methods. However, the colorimetric method may present false-positive signals with the presence of interfering compounds. SERS spectroscopy can overcome this limitation and directly obtain signature spectra from the same plasmonic NPs used for the colorimetric assay without any modification. Melamine/s-triazine can be reliably differentiated by probing the SERS spectra based on surface-selection rules. The limit of detection of sensing melamine from milk by this method could reached to 0.05 ppm. Therefore, the combination of colorimetric and SERS method not only allows for rapid preliminary screening of melamine by naked eyes, but also greatly reduces false-positive signals by surface selection rules in SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, Liaoning 113001, PR China
| | - Akash Kannegulla
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Xianming Kong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, Liaoning 113001, PR China.
| | - Ran Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, Liaoning 113001, PR China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, Liaoning 113001, PR China
| | - Qian Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, Liaoning 113001, PR China.
| | - Alan X Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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15
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Curcumin mediated PEG thiol acid conjugated gold nanoparticles for the determination of melamine. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Shi H, Nie Q, Yang M, Wang C, Liu E, Ji Z, Fan J. A ratiometric fluorescence probe for melamine detection based on luminescence resonance energy transfer between the NaYF4:Yb, Er upconversion nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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17
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18
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Roland RM, Bhawani SA, Wahi R, Ibrahim MNM. Synthesis, characterization, and application of molecular imprinting polymer for extraction of melamine from spiked milk, water, and blood serum. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1672077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Marcella Roland
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Showkat Ahmad Bhawani
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Rafeah Wahi
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
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Sushma U, Srivastava AK, Krishnan MH. Melamine Detection in Food matrices employing Chicken Antibody (IgY): A Comparison between Colorimetric and Chemiluminescent Methods. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666181205120323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:Melamine, contains 67% nitrogen by mass, and is adulterated in foods to uplift false protein. There is an urgent requirement to develop fast screening techniques for monitoring melamine in foods.Objective:To develop rapid, high throughput detection techniques for melamine in the food matrix.Methods:IgY antibodies were developed against melamine in the hen, isolated and used for detection of melamine. The detection by colorimetric and chemiluminescent methods was compared.Results:The detection range for melamine was 1 ng-25 µg by the colorimetric method and 10 fg/mL-25 ng/mL by the chemiluminescent method. There was a very low matrix effect, where the recovery was 86 to 106 % by colorimetric method and 71 to 98 % by the chemiluminescent method.Conclusion:Both colorimetric and chemiluminescent methods could be employed for the fast and consistent melamine detection in the food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Sushma
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India
| | - Alok K. Srivastava
- Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India
| | - Manonmani H. Krishnan
- Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, Karnataka, India
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20
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Feasibility of Utilizing Stable-Isotope Dimethyl Labeling in Liquid Chromatography⁻Tandem Mass Spectrometry-Based Determination for Food Allergens-Case of Kiwifruit. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101920. [PMID: 31109069 PMCID: PMC6571768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable-isotope dimethyl labeling is a highly reactive and cost-effective derivatization procedure that could be utilized in proteomics analysis. In this study, a liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode (LC-MS-MRM) platform for the quantification of kiwi allergens was first developed using this strategy. Three signature peptides for target allergens Act d 1, Act d 5, and Act d 11 were determined and were derivatized with normal and deuterated formaldehyde as external calibrants and internal standards, respectively. The results showed that sample preparation with the phenol method provided comprehensive protein populations. Recoveries at four different levels ranging from 72.5-109.3% were achieved for the H-labeled signature peptides of Act d 1 (SPA1-H) and Act d 5 (SPA5-H) with precision ranging from 1.86-9.92%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was set at 8 pg mL-1 for SPA1-H and at 8 ng mL-1 for SPA5-H. The developed procedure was utilized to analyze seven kinds of hand-made kiwi foods containing 0.0175-0.0515 mg g-1 of Act d 1 and 0.0252-0.0556 mg g-1 of Act d 5. This study extended the applicability of stable-isotope dimethyl labeling to the economical and precise determination of food allergens and peptides.
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21
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Ballin NZ, Laursen KH. To target or not to target? Definitions and nomenclature for targeted versus non-targeted analytical food authentication. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Leng X, Tu Y, Wu Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Pei Q, Cui X, Huang J. Exonuclease III-aided recycling amplification of proximity ligation assay using thymine-melamine-thymine triplex structure for ultrasensitive fluorometric determination of melamine. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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23
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Fu Y, Jin H, Bu X, Gui R. Melamine-Induced Decomposition and Anti-FRET Effect from a Self-Assembled Complex of Rhodamine 6G and DNA-Stabilized Silver Nanoclusters Used for Dual-Emitting Ratiometric and Naked-Eye-Visible Fluorescence Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9819-9827. [PMID: 30160493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, blue-emitting silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) were prepared in a matrix of single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) on the basis of ambient hydrothermal reactions. DNA acted as the stabilizer or coating agent, and NaBH4 was used as the reducing agent. Through the interactions between rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) and the synthesized DNA-AgNCs, the self-assembled complex of DNA-AgNC-Rh6G was generated. Meanwhile, fluorescence emission of AgNCs was weakened as a result of fluorescence-resonance-energy transfer (FRET) from AgNCs (donor) to Rh6G (acceptor). In the DNA-AgNC-Rh6G complex aqueous suspension, the addition of melamine induced obvious emission recovery of AgNCs and fluorescence decrease of Rh6G, attributable to melamine-induced decomposition of the self-assembled complex and anti-FRET effects. There was a well-plotted linear relationship of ratiometric fluorescence intensities ( IAgNCs/ IRh6G) versus melamine concentration in the range of 0.1-10 μM, with a low detection limit of 25 nM. Responses of IAgNCs/ IRh6G to melamine were highly selective and sensitive over potential interferents. A novel dual-emitting ratiometric fluorescence sensor of melamine was facilely constructed on the basis of the DNA-AgNC-Rh6G complex. In particular, the sensor enabled visual fluorescence detection of melamine both in aqueous solution and on wetted filter paper. Superior detection results of the sensor were experimentally obtained and confirmed its high feasibility for melamine detection in practical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory , Qingdao University , Shandong 266071 , PR China
| | - Hui Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory , Qingdao University , Shandong 266071 , PR China
| | - Xiangning Bu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory , Qingdao University , Shandong 266071 , PR China
| | - Rijun Gui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory , Qingdao University , Shandong 266071 , PR China
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24
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Arfaoui F, Khlifi A, Bargaoui M, Khalfaoui M, Kalfat R. Thin Melamine Imprinted Sol Gel Coating on Silica Beads: Experimental and Statistical Physics Study. CHEMISTRY AFRICA-A JOURNAL OF THE TUNISIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-018-0015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Zhou Q, Tan XC, Guo XJ, Huang YJ, Zhai HY. Preparation and characterization of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction column coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for selective determination of melamine. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180750. [PMID: 30839739 PMCID: PMC6170576 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a selective molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MIP-SPE) column and established an extraction and enrichment method using this MIP-SPE column. By coupling with HPLC, we developed a new method to detect trace amounts of melamine in eggs. The MIP-SPE column was synthesized by in situ thermal-initiated polymerization using melamine as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linker and azodiisobutyronitrile as the initiator. HPLC was used to evaluate the identification and enrichment capability of the MIP-SPE column and for the measurement of melamine in the sample. The melamine concentration exhibited an excellent linear relationship in the range of 0.1-25.0 µg ml-1 (r = 0.9983). The identification capability of the MIP-SPE column was apparently superior to that of the non-imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction column; an average enrichment factor of 46.8-fold (RSD = 3.5%) was obtained for 0.4 µg ml-1 melamine by the MIP-SPE column. When the MIP-SPE HPLC method was applied to the detection of melamine in eggs, an average recovery rate of 93.5-102.0% (RSD = 3.6-4.9%) and a limit of detection of 0.05 µg kg-1 were obtained. This method is simple, fast and cost-effective; thus, it can greatly simplify the pre-treatment of complex samples and can be used in the detection of residual melamine in eggs and other products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - X. C. Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, GuangXi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530000, People's Republic of China
| | - X. J. Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Y. J. Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - H. Y. Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, GuangDong Pharmaceutical University, GuangZhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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26
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Dies H, Siampani M, Escobedo C, Docoslis A. Direct Detection of Toxic Contaminants in Minimally Processed Food Products Using Dendritic Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E2726. [PMID: 30126248 PMCID: PMC6111781 DOI: 10.3390/s18082726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We present a method for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based detection of toxic contaminants in minimally processed liquid food products, through the use of a dendritic silver nanostructure, produced through electrokinetic assembly of nanoparticles from solution. The dendritic nanostructure is produced on the surface of a microelectrode chip, connected to an AC field with an imposed DC bias. We apply this chip for the detection of thiram, a toxic fruit pesticide, in apple juice, to a limit of detection of 115 ppb, with no sample preprocessing. We also apply the chip for the detection of melamine, a toxic contaminant/food additive, to a limit of detection of 1.5 ppm in milk and 105 ppb in infant formula. All the reported limits of detection are below the recommended safe limits in food products, rendering this technique useful as a screening method to identify liquid food with hazardous amounts of toxic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Dies
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Maria Siampani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-54110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Carlos Escobedo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Aristides Docoslis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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27
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Chaibun T, La-o-vorakiat C, O’Mullane AP, Lertanantawong B, Surareungchai W. Fingerprinting Green Curry: An Electrochemical Approach to Food Quality Control. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1149-1155. [PMID: 29808674 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The detection and identification of multiple components in a complex sample such as food in a cost-effective way is an ongoing challenge. The development of on-site and rapid detection methods to ensure food quality and composition is of significant interest to the food industry. Here we report that an electrochemical method can be used with an unmodified glassy carbon electrode for the identification of the key ingredients found within Thai green curries. It was found that green curry presents a fingerprint electrochemical response that contains four distinct peaks when differential pulse voltammetry is performed. The reproducibility of the sensor is excellent as no surface modification is required and therefore storage is not an issue. By employing particle swarm optimization algorithms the identification of ingredients within a green curry could be obtained. In addition, the quality and freshness of the sample could be monitored by detecting a change in the intensity of the peaks in the fingerprint response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony P. O’Mullane
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
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28
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Tohidi M, Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti M, Ghafarinia V, Bonyadian M, Mohtasebi SS. Development of a metal oxide semiconductor-based artificial nose as a fast, reliable and non-expensive analytical technique for aroma profiling of milk adulteration. Int Dairy J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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29
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Scholl PF, Bergana MM, Yakes BJ, Xie Z, Zbylut S, Downey G, Mossoba M, Jablonski J, Magaletta R, Holroyd SE, Buehler M, Qin J, Hurst W, LaPointe JH, Roberts D, Zrybko C, Mackey A, Holton JD, Israelson GA, Payne A, Kim MS, Chao K, Moore JC. Effects of the Adulteration Technique on the Near-Infrared Detection of Melamine in Milk Powder. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:5799-5809. [PMID: 28617599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The United States Pharmacopeial Convention has led an international collaborative project to develop a toolbox of screening methods and reference standards for the detection of milk powder adulteration. During the development of adulterated milk powder reference standards, blending methods used to combine melamine and milk had unanticipated strong effects on the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of melamine. The prominent absorbance band at 1468 nm of melamine was retained when it was dry-blended with skim milk powder but disappeared in wet-blended mixtures, where spray-dried milk powder samples were prepared from solution. Analyses using polarized light microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mass spectrometry indicated that wet blending promoted reversible and early Maillard reactions with lactose that are responsible for differences in melamine NIR spectra between wet- and dry-blended samples. Targeted detection estimates based solely on dry-blended reference standards are likely to overestimate NIR detection capabilities in wet-blended samples as a result of previously overlooked matrix effects arising from changes in melamine hydrogen-bonding status, covalent complexation with lactose, and the lower but more homogeneous melamine local concentration distribution produced in wet-blended samples. Techniques used to incorporate potential adulterants can determine the suitability of milk reference standards for use with rapid detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Scholl
- Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Marti Mamula Bergana
- Research and Development, Abbott Nutrition Division, Abbott Laboratories , 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, Ohio 43219, United States
| | - Betsy Jean Yakes
- Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Zhuohong Xie
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention , 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, Maryland 20852-1790, United States
| | - Steven Zbylut
- General Mills, Incorporated , 330 University Avenue Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Gerard Downey
- Teagasc Food Research Centre , Ashtown, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - Magdi Mossoba
- Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Joseph Jablonski
- Division of Food Processing Science and Technology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) , 6502 South Archer Road, Bedford Park, Illinois 60501, United States
| | - Robert Magaletta
- Mondelez Global LLC , 3 Parkway North, Deerfield, Illinois 60015, United States
| | - Stephen E Holroyd
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre , Dairy Farm Road, Palmerston North 442, New Zealand
| | - Martin Buehler
- METER Group, Incorporated , 2365 Northeast Hopkins Court, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
| | - Jianwei Qin
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - William Hurst
- The Hershey Company , Technical Center, 1025 Reese Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Joseph H LaPointe
- IonSense, Incorporated , 999 Broadway, Suite 404, Saugus, Massachusetts 01915, United States
| | - Dean Roberts
- Bruker Optics, Incorporated USA , 5465 East Cheryl Parkway, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, United States
| | - Carol Zrybko
- Mondelez Global LLC , 3 Parkway North, Deerfield, Illinois 60015, United States
| | - Andrew Mackey
- Mondelez Global LLC , 3 Parkway North, Deerfield, Illinois 60015, United States
| | - Jason D Holton
- Research and Development, Abbott Nutrition Division, Abbott Laboratories , 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, Ohio 43219, United States
| | - Greg A Israelson
- Research and Development Network, Quality Assurance, Nestlé Purina Petcare , 800 Chouteau Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63102, United States
| | - Anitra Payne
- Dairy Foods Research and Development, Land O'Lakes, Incorporated , Arden Hills, Minnesota 55112, United States
| | - Moon S Kim
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Kuanglin Chao
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture , 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Moore
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention , 12601 Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, Maryland 20852-1790, United States
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30
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Melamine Detection in Milk and Dairy Products: Traditional Analytical Methods and Recent Developments. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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31
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Nascimento CF, Santos PM, Pereira-Filho ER, Rocha FR. Recent advances on determination of milk adulterants. Food Chem 2017; 221:1232-1244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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32
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Fry H, Mietle K, Mähnert E, Zinke S, Schwieters M, Pydde E, Preiß-Weigert A. Interlaboratory validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of melamine and cyanuric acid in animal feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:1320-1332. [PMID: 28332413 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1307527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Melamine and cyanuric acid have been mixed illegally into food and feed to increase the nitrogen content, which results in deceptively high protein contents. As a consequence, a maximum level for melamine of 2.5 mg kg-1 feed was established by the European Union under Directive 2002/32/EC. The Technical Committee (TC) 327 of the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) commissioned the standardisation of a method for the analysis of melamine and cyanuric acid in animal feed. One main task in the standardisation process is the performance of a full international collaborative trial, which is described in this paper. After performing a pre-trial study, in the main study eight different feed samples with different concentration levels of melamine and/or cyanuric acid were distributed as double-blind samples to 13 participants. The minimum criterion of eight laboratories submitting results per sample is fulfilled for melamine but only partly for cyanuric acid. The evaluation showed for both analytes a Horwitz ratio (HorRat) well below 2, and meets the requirements stated in the appropriate international protocols. The results demonstrated that the method seems to be suitable for the analysis of melamine and cyanuric acid in animal feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildburg Fry
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Kerstin Mietle
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Eileen Mähnert
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Sebastian Zinke
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Mandy Schwieters
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Emanuele Pydde
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Angelika Preiß-Weigert
- a Department Safety in the Food Chain , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
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33
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Sanchis Y, Yusà V, Coscollà C. Analytical strategies for organic food packaging contaminants. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1490:22-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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34
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Jha SN, Jaiswal P, Grewal MK, Gupta M, Bhardwaj R. Detection of Adulterants and Contaminants in Liquid Foods-A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1662-84. [PMID: 25975571 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.798257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Milk and fruit juices have paramount importance in human diet. Increasing demand of these liquid foods has made them vulnerable to economic adulteration during processing and in supply chain. Adulterants are difficult to detect by consumers and thus necessitating the requirement of rapid, accurate and sensitive detection. The potential adulterants in milk and fruit juices and their limits set by different regulatory bodies have been briefly described in this review. Potential advantages and limitations of various techniques such as physicochemical methods, chromatography, immunoassays, molecular, electrical, spectroscopy with chemometrics, electronic nose, and biosensors have been described. Spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics has shown potential for rapid, precise, and sensitive detection of potential adulterants in these liquid foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Narayan Jha
- a Agricultural Structures and Environmental Control Division, Central Institute of Postharvest Engineering & Technology , Ludhiana , India
| | - Pranita Jaiswal
- a Agricultural Structures and Environmental Control Division, Central Institute of Postharvest Engineering & Technology , Ludhiana , India
| | - Manpreet Kaur Grewal
- a Agricultural Structures and Environmental Control Division, Central Institute of Postharvest Engineering & Technology , Ludhiana , India
| | - Mansha Gupta
- a Agricultural Structures and Environmental Control Division, Central Institute of Postharvest Engineering & Technology , Ludhiana , India
| | - Rishi Bhardwaj
- a Agricultural Structures and Environmental Control Division, Central Institute of Postharvest Engineering & Technology , Ludhiana , India
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35
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Qin J, Kim MS, Chao K, Dhakal S, Lee H, Cho BK, Mo C. Detection and quantification of adulterants in milk powder using a high-throughput Raman chemical imaging technique. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 34:152-161. [PMID: 27879171 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1263880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Milk is a vulnerable target for economically motivated adulteration. In this study, a line-scan high-throughput Raman imaging system was used to authenticate milk powder. A 5 W 785 nm line laser (240 mm long and 1 mm wide) was used as a Raman excitation source. The system was used to acquire hyperspectral Raman images in a wave number range of 103-2881 cm-1 from the skimmed milk powder mixed with two nitrogen-rich adulterants (i.e., melamine and urea) at eight concentrations (w/w) from 50 to 10,000 ppm. The powdered samples were put in sample holders with a surface area of 150 ×100 mm and a depth of 2 mm for push-broom image acquisition. Varying fluorescence signals from the milk powder were removed using a correction method based on adaptive iteratively reweighted penalised least squares. Image classifications were conducted using a simple thresholding method applied to single-band fluorescence-corrected images at unique Raman peaks selected for melamine (673 cm-1) and urea (1009 cm-1). Chemical images were generated by combining individual binary images of melamine and urea to visualise identification, spatial distribution and morphological features of the two adulterant particles in the milk powder. Limits of detection for both melamine and urea were estimated in the order of 50 ppm. High correlations were found between pixel concentrations (i.e., percentages of the adulterant pixels in the chemical images) and mass concentrations of melamine and urea, demonstrating the potential of the high-throughput Raman chemical imaging method for the detection and quantification of adulterants in the milk powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Qin
- a USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory , Beltsville Agricultural Research Center , Beltsville , MD , USA
| | - Moon S Kim
- a USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory , Beltsville Agricultural Research Center , Beltsville , MD , USA
| | - Kuanglin Chao
- a USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory , Beltsville Agricultural Research Center , Beltsville , MD , USA
| | - Sagar Dhakal
- a USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory , Beltsville Agricultural Research Center , Beltsville , MD , USA
| | - Hoonsoo Lee
- a USDA/ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory , Beltsville Agricultural Research Center , Beltsville , MD , USA
| | - Byoung-Kwan Cho
- b Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Science , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Changyeun Mo
- c National Institute of Agricultural Science , Rural Development Administration , Jeonju-si , South Korea
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36
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Tang BC, Cai CB, Shi W, Xu L. Rapid Quantification of Melamine in Different Brands/Types of Milk Powders Using Standard Addition Net Analyte Signal and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2016; 2016:9256102. [PMID: 27525154 PMCID: PMC4971385 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9256102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Multivariate calibration (MVC) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy have demonstrated potential for rapid analysis of melamine in various dairy products. However, the practical application of ordinary MVC can be largely restricted because the prediction of a new sample from an uncalibrated batch would be subject to a significant bias due to matrix effect. In this study, the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy and the standard addition (SA) net analyte signal (NAS) method (SANAS) for rapid quantification of melamine in different brands/types of milk powders was investigated. In SANAS, the NAS vector of melamine in an unknown sample as well as in a series of samples added with melamine standards was calculated and then the Euclidean norms of series standards were used to build a straightforward univariate regression model. The analysis results of 10 different brands/types of milk powders with melamine levels 0~0.12% (w/w) indicate that SANAS obtained accurate results with the root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) values ranging from 0.0012 to 0.0029. An additional advantage of NAS is to visualize and control the possible unwanted variations during standard addition. The proposed method will provide a practically useful tool for rapid and nondestructive quantification of melamine in different brands/types of milk powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Cheng Tang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
| | - Chen-Bo Cai
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
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37
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SERS-based sensing technique for trace melamine detection – A new method exploring. Talanta 2016; 153:186-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Li Q, Meng X, Zhu D, Pang X, Wang K, Frew R, Chen G. Determination of Nonprotein Nitrogen Components of Milk by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1164180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Lu Y, Xia Y, Liu G, Pan M, Li M, Lee NA, Wang S. A Review of Methods for Detecting Melamine in Food Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2016; 47:51-66. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2016.1176889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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40
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Lim J, Kim G, Mo C, Kim MS, Chao K, Qin J, Fu X, Baek I, Cho BK. Detection of melamine in milk powders using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging combined with regression coefficient of partial least square regression model. Talanta 2016; 151:183-191. [PMID: 26946026 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Illegal use of nitrogen-rich melamine (C3H6N6) to boost perceived protein content of food products such as milk, infant formula, frozen yogurt, pet food, biscuits, and coffee drinks has caused serious food safety problems. Conventional methods to detect melamine in foods, such as Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), are sensitive but they are time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive. In this research, near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging technique combined with regression coefficient of partial least squares regression (PLSR) model was used to detect melamine particles in milk powders easily and quickly. NIR hyperspectral reflectance imaging data in the spectral range of 990-1700nm were acquired from melamine-milk powder mixture samples prepared at various concentrations ranging from 0.02% to 1%. PLSR models were developed to correlate the spectral data (independent variables) with melamine concentration (dependent variables) in melamine-milk powder mixture samples. PLSR models applying various pretreatment methods were used to reconstruct the two-dimensional PLS images. PLS images were converted to the binary images to detect the suspected melamine pixels in milk powder. As the melamine concentration was increased, the numbers of suspected melamine pixels of binary images were also increased. These results suggested that NIR hyperspectral imaging technique and the PLSR model can be regarded as an effective tool to detect melamine particles in milk powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongguk Lim
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoung Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeun Mo
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon S Kim
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
| | - Kuanglin Chao
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Jianwei Qin
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Xiaping Fu
- College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
| | - Insuck Baek
- Department of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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Yang EY, Shin HS. Simultaneous and quantitative determination of anion biocides in soil by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.5806/ast.2015.28.5.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Line-Scan Macro-scale Raman Chemical Imaging for Authentication of Powdered Foods and Ingredients. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-015-1605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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43
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Meng Z, Shi Z, Liang S, Dong X, Lv Y, Sun H. Rapid screening and quantification of cyromazine, melamine, ammelide, ammeline, cyanuric acid, and dicyandiamide in infant formula by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Huang Y, Tian K, Min S, Xiong Y, Du G. Distribution assessment and quantification of counterfeit melamine in powdered milk by NIR imaging methods. Food Chem 2015; 177:174-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Finete VDLM, Gouvêa MM, Marques FFDC, Pereira Netto AD. Validation of a method of high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection for melamine determination in UHT whole bovine milk. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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46
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Wu Q, Long Q, Li H, Zhang Y, Yao S. An upconversion fluorescence resonance energy transfer nanosensor for one step detection of melamine in raw milk. Talanta 2015; 136:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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47
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A novel dispersive micro solid phase extraction using PCX as the sorbent for the determination of melamine and cyromazine in milk and milk powder by UHPLC-HRMS/MS. Talanta 2015; 134:144-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Schmidt WF, Broadhurst CL, Qin J, Lee H, Nguyen JK, Chao K, Hapeman CJ, Shelton DR, Kim MS. Continuous temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy of melamine and structural analog detection in milk powder. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 69:398-406. [PMID: 25664966 DOI: 10.1366/14-07600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyperspectral Raman imaging has the potential for rapid screening of solid-phase samples for potential adulterants. We can improve mixture analysis algorithms by defining a temperature range in which the contaminant spectrum changes dramatically and uniquely compared with unadulterated material. Raman spectra were acquired for urea, biuret, cyanuric acid, and melamine (pure and at 1% in dried milk powder) from 50 to 310 °C with a gradient of 1 °C min(-1). Adulterants were clearly indentified in the milk powder. Specific frequencies that were mainly associated with ring breathing, stretching, and in-plane deformation shifted with respect to temperature up to 12 cm(-1) in all four molecules. Specific frequencies significantly increased/decreased in intensity within narrow temperature ranges independent of whether the amine was mixed in milk. Correlation of Raman and differential scanning calorimetry data identified structural components and vibrational modes, which concur with or trigger phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter F Schmidt
- Environmental Microbiology and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Building 303, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Blvd., Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
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49
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Singh P, Gandhi N. Milk Preservatives and Adulterants: Processing, Regulatory and Safety Issues. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2014.994818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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50
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Domingo EDC, Tireli AA, Nunes CA, Batista AV, Guerreiro MC, Pinto SM. Rapid extraction of melamine in powdered milk for direct electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Talanta 2015; 132:535-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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