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Meng D, Dong X, He X, Pan R, Sun M, Chu Y, Tong Z, Yi X, Fan H, Gao T, Duan J. Effects of wheat varieties, fungicides and application time on Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol contamination control in wheat. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4784-4794. [PMID: 37471098 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yield loss and toxin contamination caused by wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB) have always been a worldwide concern. Cultivating disease-resistant varieties and fungicide application are effective measures to control FHB. The comprehensive control technology system for FHB and toxin contamination of wheat in Anhui Province needs further improvement. This study compared the control efficacy of different wheat varieties, fungicides and application times on wheat FHB and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination, and the dynamic change of DON accumulation after application. RESULTS Among the 93 main wheat varieties in Anhui Province, the disease-resistant and low-toxic wheat variety "Ningmai 26" was more suitable for planting in the central part of Anhui Province. At the same time, "Yangmai 22" was used for subsequent experiments. The field efficacy trials of different fungicides showed that 30% prothioconazole oil dispersion (OD) had the highest control efficacy on FHB and DON contamination, reaching 94.33 and 77.49%, respectively. The study on the optimum application time of prothioconazole showed that the 0-20% flowering stage was the key point of DON control. The survey of the dynamic changes of DON accumulation showed that prothioconazole could significantly reduce the level of DON accumulation while inhibiting the accumulation rate of DON. At the same time, the control fungicide carbendazim increased the level of DON contamination. CONCLUSION This study will provide excellent germplasm resources for cultivating disease-resistant and low-toxic wheat varieties, and provide a theoretical reference for establishing a collaborative prevention and control system of disease control and toxin reduction. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- DanDan Meng
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - XianFang He
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - MingNa Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Chu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Zhou Tong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - XiaoTong Yi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - TongChun Gao
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
| | - JinSheng Duan
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, China
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2
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Ju C, Jiang F, Gao Y, Chen T, Cao J, Lv J, Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Guo W, Huang J. Effects of Fungicides and Nontarget Pesticides on Accumulation of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivlenol in Wheat. TOXICS 2023; 11:768. [PMID: 37755778 PMCID: PMC10535342 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is an important virulence factor of the Fusarium head blight of wheat and threatens the health of humans. The effect of fungicides on DON production after stressing wheat to produce H2O2 and the effect of nontarget pesticides on DON accumulation are largely unknown. Five pesticides were selected to explore the effect of pesticide-induced oxidative stress on DON production in vitro and in vivo. Epoxiconazole and hexaconazole significantly induced an increase in H2O2 in vitro, and H2O2 further stimulated the production of DON and the expression of the Tri5 gene. Imidacloprid, isoproturon, and mesosulfuron-methyl had no direct effect in vitro. All pesticides activated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in wheat and caused the excessive accumulation of H2O2. However, excessive H2O2 did not stimulate the accumulation of DON. Imidacloprid indirectly stimulated the production of DON in vivo, which may be due to its impact on the secondary metabolism of wheat. In brief, pesticide-induced H2O2 in vitro is an important factor in stimulating DON production, but the stressed physiological H2O2 in wheat is not sufficient to stimulate DON production. The bioaccumulation results indicated that imidacloprid and epoxiconazole increase the risk of DON contamination, especially under field spraying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ju
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Fan Jiang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuan Gao
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Tongwu Chen
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiakuo Cao
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Junbo Lv
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yanxiang Zhao
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinguang Huang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (C.J.); (F.J.); (Y.G.); (T.C.); (J.C.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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3
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Zhang J, Tang X, Cai Y, Zhou WW. Mycotoxin Contamination Status of Cereals in China and Potential Microbial Decontamination Methods. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040551. [PMID: 37110209 PMCID: PMC10143121 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of mycotoxins in cereals can pose a significant health risk to animals and humans. China is one of the countries that is facing cereal contamination by mycotoxins. Treating mycotoxin-contaminated cereals with established physical and chemical methods can lead to negative effects, such as the loss of nutrients, chemical residues, and high energy consumption. Therefore, microbial detoxification techniques are being considered for reducing and treating mycotoxins in cereals. This paper reviews the contamination of aflatoxins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, and ochratoxin A in major cereals (rice, wheat, and maize). Our discussion is based on 8700 samples from 30 provincial areas in China between 2005 and 2021. Previous research suggests that the temperature and humidity in the highly contaminated Chinese cereal-growing regions match the growth conditions of potential antagonists. Therefore, this review takes biological detoxification as the starting point and summarizes the methods of microbial detoxification, microbial active substance detoxification, and other microbial inhibition methods for treating contaminated cereals. Furthermore, their respective mechanisms are systematically analyzed, and a series of strategies for combining the above methods with the treatment of contaminated cereals in China are proposed. It is hoped that this review will provide a reference for subsequent solutions to cereal contamination problems and for the development of safer and more efficient methods of biological detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Xi Tang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifan Cai
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Effect of hydroxypr1opylation on physical properties, antifungal and mycotoxin inhibitory activities of clove oil emulsions coated with chitosan. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yan Z, Chen W, van der Lee T, Waalwijk C, van Diepeningen AD, Feng J, Zhang H, Liu T. Evaluation of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in 410 Chinese Wheat Cultivars Selected for Their Climate Conditions and Ecological Niche Using Natural Infection Across Three Distinct Experimental Sites. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:916282. [PMID: 35712562 PMCID: PMC9195592 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting wheat cultivars with stable resistance to Fusarium Head blight (FHB) and toxin accumulation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy to reduce the risk of yield losses and contamination with mycotoxins. To facilitate the deployment of stable cultivar resistance, we evaluated FHB resistance and resistance to mycotoxin accumulation in 410 wheat lines bred by local breeders from four major wheat growing regions in China after natural infection at three distinct locations (Hefei, Yangzhou and Nanping). Significant differences in disease index were observed among the three locations. The disease indexes (DI's) in Nanping were the highest, followed by Yangzhou and Hefei. The distribution of DI's in Yangzhou showed the best discrimination of FHB resistance in cultivars. Growing region and cultivar had significant effect on DI and mycotoxins. Among the climate factors, relative humidity and rainfall were the key factors resulting in the severe disease. Even though most cultivars were still susceptible to FHB under the strongly conducive conditions applied, the ratio of resistant lines increased in the Upper region of the Yangtze River (UYR) and the Middle and Lower Region of the Yangtze River (MLYR) between 2015 and 2019. Deoxynivalenol (DON) was the dominant mycotoxin found in Hefei and Yangzhou, while NIV was predominant in Nanping. Disease indexes were significantly correlated with DON content in wheat grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, China
| | - Theo van der Lee
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Cees Waalwijk
- Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, China
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection, Gangu, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianshui, China
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6
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Pei P, Xiong K, Wang X, Sun B, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Yu J. Predictive growth kinetic parameters and modelled probabilities of deoxynivalenol production by Fusarium graminearum on wheat during simulated storing conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:349-361. [PMID: 35365897 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mathematical models were employed to predict the growth kinetic parameters of F. graminearum and the accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) during wheat storage as a function of different moisture contents (MCs) and temperatures. METHODS AND RESULTS The colony counting method was used to quantify F. graminearum growth under different environmental conditions, and kinetic and probability models were developed to describe the effect of different MCs and temperatures on fungal growth and DON production during wheat storage. Among the employed secondary models (Arrhenius-Davey, Gibson, and Cardinal), the general polynomial best predicted the fungal growth rate under varying temperature and MC during wheat storage. According to the logistic model, DON contamination was correctly predicted in 96.5% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The maximum growth rate of fungi was 0.4889±0.092 Log CFU g-1 d-1 at 25°C and 30% moisture according to the polynomial model. At below 17°C and ≤15% moisture, no fungal growth was observed. The probability model of toxin production showed no toxin production at less than 15% moisture (aw ≤ 0.76) and below 15°C. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first application of a probability model of DON production during wheat storage, providing a reference for preventing fungal growth and mycotoxin accumulation by F. graminearum during wheat storage and guaranteeing food product safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penggang Pei
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU),, Beijing, China.,Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU),, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU),, Beijing, China.,College of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU),, Beijing, China.,Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyao Zhao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU),, Beijing, China.,College of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU),, Beijing, China.,College of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Jiabin Yu
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China.,College of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
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7
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Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Deoxynivalenol in Wheat-Based Products Based Different Wheat-Producing Area for the Inhabitants in Shanghai, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121015. [PMID: 34946997 PMCID: PMC8703861 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the major mycotoxins that contaminate cereals. In this study, we determined the DON level in wheat-based products from Chinese five main production areas collected in Shanghai and calculated the daily intake of DON for inhabitants using the point evaluation and the probabilistic evaluation based on Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed the positive rates of DON in the products were higher than 80.0%, with the concentrations ranging from 41.8 to 1110 µg/kg. The estimated mean daily intakes of DON for 7- to 10-year-old children and adults groups were below 1 µg/kg bw/day, the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), suggesting no health risks for the consumers. However, the 99th percentiles of dietary DON exposures for children and adults exceeded the PMTDI, indicating adverse health effects might occur if the two groups intake highly contaminated wheat-based products. The potential health risks for the two groups exposed to DON in the wheat-based products from the Middle and Lower Yangtze Valley (MLYV) were higher than those from the other areas in China.
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Wang R, Hua C, Hu Y, Li L, Sun Z, Li T. Two Different Inoculation Methods Unveiled the Relative Independence of DON Accumulation in Wheat Kernels from Disease Severity on Spike after Infection by Fusarium Head Blight. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050353. [PMID: 34069221 PMCID: PMC8156083 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) causes wheat yield loss and mycotoxin (deoxynivalenol, DON) accumulation in wheat kernel. Developing wheat cultivars with overall resistance to both FHB spread within a spike and DON accumulation in kernels is crucial for ensuring food security and food safety. Here, two relatively novel inoculation methods, bilateral floret inoculation (BFI) and basal rachis internode injection (BRII), were simultaneously employed to evaluate disease severity and DON content in kernels in a segregating population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from Ning 7840 (carrying Fhb1) and Clark (without Fhb1). Under both inoculation methods, four contrasting combinations of disease severity and DON content were identified: high severity/high DON (HSHD), high severity/low DON (HSLD), low severity/high DON (LSHD) and low severity/low DON (LSLD). Unexpectedly, the BRII method clearly indicated that disease severity was not necessarily relevant to DON concentration. The effects of Fhb1 on disease severity, and on DON concentrations, agreed very well across the two methods. Several lines carrying Fhb1 showed extremely higher severity and (or) DON content under both inoculation methods. The “Mahalanobis distance” (MD) method was used to rate overall resistance of a line by inclusion of both disease severity and DON content over both methods to select LSLD lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tao Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-8797-7806
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9
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Zhang J, Wang J, Fang H, Yu H, Zhao Y, Shen J, Zhou C, Jin Y. Pterostilbene inhibits deoxynivalenol-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Toxicon 2020; 189:10-18. [PMID: 33181164 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
More and more studies have showed that tricothecene mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON) caused cytotoxicity in mammary alveolar cells-large T antigen cells (MAC-T). Therefore, research on reducing the cytotoxicity of DON has gradually attracted attention. In this study, we aim to explore the potential of pterostilbene (PTE) to protect MAC-T cells from DON-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response. MAC-T cells were treated with 0.25 μg/mL DON or 2.0504 μg/mL PTE or 0.25 μg/mL DON and 2.0504 μg/mL PTE together, incubated for 9 h. PTE effectively improved cell viability, cell proliferation and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and malondialdehyde (MDA), and improved glutathione (GSH) depletion. Moreover, PTE effectively regulated the mRNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), kelch-like ech-associated protein 1 (Keap1), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). PTE significantly inhibited nuclear factor kappa-B P65 (NF-κB P65), nuclear factor kappa-B P50 (NF-κB P50), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) mRNA levels in DON-induced MAC-T cells. PTE also significantly reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in DON-induced MAC-T cells. Additionally, ELISA revealed that PTE inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6 proteins produced in DON-induced MAC-T cells. These findings together provided strong evidence to support that PTE can effectively alleviate the damage to cells caused by DON, and it may be used as an effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant to prevent the damage of mycotoxins to the animal body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - JunMei Wang
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - HengTong Fang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - JingLin Shen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - ChangHai Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - YongCheng Jin
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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10
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Risk assessment and spatial analysis of deoxynivalenol exposure in Chinese population. Mycotoxin Res 2020; 36:419-427. [PMID: 32829468 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-020-00406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most commonly found mycotoxins across the world, and it mainly contaminates staple food crops. This study aims to evaluate the dietary exposure of DON and to provide a geographical profile of DON exposure in China. The concentrations of DON and its acetylated derivatives in 15,004 cereal samples (10,192 wheat flour, 1750 maize meal, 892 oat flakes, and 2170 polished rice) were collected from 30 provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities across China during 2010-2017, through a national food safety risk surveillance system. The consumption data for cereals were obtained from China National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002, and 67,923 respondents from the same 30 regions were included in the analysis. Among all the cereals considered, the concentration was the highest in wheat flour, with the mean concentration of 250.8 μg/kg. Applying a worst-case scenario, some individuals were possibly at risk, but the probability of acute effects was low. The mean and median exposure for the entire population was 0.61 and 0.36 μg/kg bw/day, respectively, below the (PM) TDI, indicating an acceptable overall health risk in Chinese population. Wheat contributed to 86% of the total DON exposure. Significant discrepancy was observed between the exposure and the contamination of DON. The high-exposure cluster area was in northern China, whilst the most seriously contaminated regions were all located in the southeast, which formed a seriously contaminated area.
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11
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Mishra S, Srivastava S, Divakar A, Mandal P, Dewangan J, Chaturvedi S, Wahajuddin M, Kumar S, Tripathi A, Rath SK. Celecoxib reduces Deoxynivalenol induced proliferation, inflammation and protein kinase C translocation via modulating downstream targets in mouse skin. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 326:109128. [PMID: 32416088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to mycotoxins is mostly by ingestion but also occurs by the dermal and inhalation routes. The present study for the first time demonstrated that mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON), permeates through Swiss albino mice skin, which demands awareness of health risks in people who are dermally exposed to mycotoxins especially agricultural farmers. Despite the widespread contamination of DON in food commodities studies to alleviate DON's toxicity are sparsely reported. Thus effective measures to combat mycotoxins associated toxicity remains an imperative aspect to be considered from the angle of dermal exposure. Topical application of Celecoxib (1-2 mg), followed by DON (100 μg) application on the dorsal side of mice, resulted in substantial decrease in DON-induced (i) edema, hyperplasia, cell proliferation (ii) inhibition of cytokine and prostaglandin-E2 levels (iii) phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, p38, MAPKKs, CREB, P90-RSK (iv) downregulation of c-Jun, c- Fos, phospho-NF-kB and their downstream target proteins cyclin D1 and COX-2. Using Ro-31-8220 (Protein-Kinase-C inhibitor), it was observed PKC was responsible for DON induced upregulation of COX-2 and iNOS proteins. Treatment of Celecoxib decreased DON-induced translocation of Protein Kinase C isozymes (α,ε,γ), demonstrating the role of PKC in DON-mediated biochemical and molecular alterations responsible for its dermal toxicity. The present findings indicate that topical application of celecoxib is effective in the management of inflammatory skin disorders induced by foodborne fungal toxin DON. The skin permeation potential of Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor NSAID, was also assessed, and the results indicated that the permeation was relatively lower as compared to the oral mode of administration. Hence topical use of celecoxib may be preferred over oral dosing because of lower systemic absorption and to avoid the unwanted side effects. This study provides a prospect for exploring the clinical efficacy of topically applied COX-2 inhibitors for the management of inflammatory skin disorders induced by foodborne fungal toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Mishra
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonal Srivastava
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aman Divakar
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Payal Mandal
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jayant Dewangan
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Muhammad Wahajuddin
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sadan Kumar
- Immunotoxicology Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anurag Tripathi
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srikanta Kumar Rath
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Wan J, Chen B, Rao J. Occurrence and preventive strategies to control mycotoxins in cereal-based food. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:928-953. [PMID: 33331688 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins contamination in cereal-based food is ubiquitous according to systematic review of the scientific documentation of worldwide mycotoxin contamination in cereal and their products between 2008 and 2018, thus representing food safety issue especially in developing tropical countries. Food processing plays a vital role to prevent mycotoxin contamination in food. Therefore, it is with great urgency to develop strategies to inhibit fungi growth and mycotoxin production during food processing. This review begins by discussing physicochemical properties of five most common mycotoxins (aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone) found in cereal grains, regulation for mycotoxins in food, and their potential negative impact on human health. The fate of mycotoxins during major cereal-based food processing including milling, breadmaking, extrusion, malting, and brewing was then summarized. In the end, traditional mitigation strategies including physical and chemical and potential application of biocontrol agent and essential oil nanoemulsions that can be applied during food processing were discussed. It indicated that no single method is currently available to completely prevent mycotoxin contamination in cereal foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wan
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND.,School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bingcan Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
| | - Jiajia Rao
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
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Reduction of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat with Superheated Steam and Its Effects on Wheat Quality. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11070414. [PMID: 31315243 PMCID: PMC6669746 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11070414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most commonly found mycotoxin in scabbed wheat. In order to reduce the DON concentration in scabbed wheat with superheated steam (SS) and explore the feasibility to use the processed wheat as crisp biscuit materials, wheat kernels were treated with SS to study the effects of SS processing on DON concentration and the quality of wheat. Furthermore, the wheat treated with SS were used to make crisp biscuits and the texture qualities of biscuits were measured. The results showed that DON in wheat kernels could be reduced by SS effectively. Besides, the reduction rate raised significantly with the increase of steam temperature and processing time and it was also affected significantly by steam velocity. The reduction rate in wheat kernels and wheat flour could reach 77.4% and 60.5% respectively. In addition, SS processing might lead to partial denaturation of protein and partial gelatinization of starch, thus affecting the rheological properties of dough and pasting properties of wheat flour. Furthermore, the qualities of crisp biscuits were improved at certain conditions of SS processing.
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Chen C, Turna NS, Wu F. Risk assessment of dietary deoxynivalenol exposure in wheat products worldwide: Are new codex DON guidelines adequately protective? Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Qiu J, Xu J, Shi J. Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050248. [PMID: 31052282 PMCID: PMC6562770 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a widespread and destructive fungal disease. In addition to the substantial yield and revenue losses, diseased grains are often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, making them unsuitable for human consumption or use as animal feed. As a vital food and feed ingredient in China, the quality and safety of wheat and its products have gained growing attention from consumers, producers, scientists, and policymakers. This review supplies detailed data about the occurrence of Fusarium toxins and related intoxications from the 1980s to the present. Despite the serious situation of toxin contamination in wheat, the concentration of toxins in flour is usually lower than that in raw materials, and food-poisoning incidents have been considerably reduced. Much work has been conducted on every phase of toxin production and wheat circulation by scientific researchers. Regulations for maximum contamination limits have been established in recent years and play a substantial role in ensuring the stability of the national economy and people's livelihoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Zhang Y, Pei F, Fang Y, Li P, Zhao Y, Shen F, Zou Y, Hu Q. Comparison of concentration and health risks of 9 Fusarium mycotoxins in commercial whole wheat flour and refined wheat flour by multi-IAC-HPLC. Food Chem 2019; 275:763-769. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Occurrence and Quantitative Risk Assessment of Twelve Mycotoxins in Eggs and Chicken Tissues in China. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110477. [PMID: 30453492 PMCID: PMC6265989 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs), deoxynivalenols (DONs), and zearalenones (ZENs) are common mycotoxins that contaminate feedstuff, causing contamination of poultry products. In our study, these mycotoxins were quantified in 152 egg samples collected from markets in Jiangsu (JS), Zhejiang (ZJ), and Shanghai (SH) and in 70 chicken tissue samples (liver, heart, and gizzard) from ZJ in China. The main mycotoxins observed in egg samples were DON, 15-AcDON, and ZEN, although only ZEN family mycotoxins (ZEN, α-ZEL, β-ZEL, and α-ZAL) were detected in chicken tissues. Furthermore, for the first time, we assessed the health risks of exposure of three populations (children, adults, and elder adults) to DONs (DON, 3-AcDON, and 15-AcDON) and ZEN in eggs (from three different areas) and to ZEN in chicken tissues. We show that the mean dietary intake (DI) values and the 97.5th percentile DI values of DON and ZEN through egg ingestion were lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) (1 μg/kg body weight (BW)/day) for the three populations in the three geographical areas studied. However, eggs contaminated with high levels of DONs and ZEN contributed to a large proportion of the PMTDI of these mycotoxins, especially in children and elder adults. Although ZEN was highly detected in the chicken tissues, no significant health risk was observed.
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Xu LL, Wen YQ, Liu YL, Ma YX. Occurrence of deoxynivalenol in maize germs from North China Plain and the distribution of deoxynivalenol in the processed products of maize germs. Food Chem 2018; 266:557-562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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19
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Zhao Y, Guan X, Zong Y, Hua X, Xing F, Wang Y, Wang F, Liu Y. Deoxynivalenol in wheat from the Northwestern region in China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2018; 11:281-285. [PMID: 30091682 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2018.1503340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Because of global warming and changes in farming systems, Fusarium head blight has gradually spread towards high-latitude regions such as Northwestern China. A survey was conducted to assess the prevalence and concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat harvested during 2013 from the Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, and Xinjiang provinces in China. DON concentration in 181 wheat samples was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with ultraviolet detection. Of the wheat samples, 82.9% were contaminated with DON, with a mean DON concentration of 500 μg/kg. According to the Chinese standard limits for DON, 10% of the positive samples were above the maximum limit of 1000 μg/kg. Regions with higher humidity showed higher levels of DON in the wheat samples. These results show the necessity of raising awareness of DON contamination in people from Northwestern China to protect their health from the risk of exposure to DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueju Zhao
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Xuanli Guan
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Ying Zong
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Hua
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Fuguo Xing
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
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20
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Increase of Deoxynivalenol during the malting of naturally Fusarium infected Chinese winter wheat. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Yuan QS, Yang P, Wu AB, Zuo DY, He WJ, Guo MW, Huang T, Li HP, Liao YC. Variation in the Microbiome, Trichothecenes, and Aflatoxins in Stored Wheat Grains in Wuhan, China. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10050171. [PMID: 29695035 PMCID: PMC5983228 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Contamination by fungal and bacterial species and their metabolites can affect grain quality and health of wheat consumers. In this study, sequence analyses of conserved DNA regions of fungi and bacteria combined with determination of trichothecenes and aflatoxins revealed the microbiome and mycotoxins of wheat from different silo positions (top, middle, and bottom) and storage times (3, 6, 9, and 12 months). The fungal community in wheat on the first day of storage (T0) included 105 classified species (81 genera) and 41 unclassified species. Four species had over 10% of the relative abundance: Alternaria alternata (12%), Filobasidium floriforme (27%), Fusarium graminearum (12%), and Wallemia sebi (12%). Fungal diversity and relative abundance of Fusarium in wheat from top silo positions were significantly lower than at other silo positions during storage. Nivalenol and deoxynivalenol in wheat were 13–34% higher in all positions at 3 months compared to T0, and mycotoxins in wheat from middle and bottom positions at 6 to 12 months were 24–57% higher than at T0. The relative abundance of toxigenic Aspergillus and aflatoxins were low at T0 and during storage. This study provides information on implementation and design of fungus and mycotoxin management strategies as well as prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Song Yuan
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Peng Yang
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ai-Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Dong-Yun Zuo
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wei-Jie He
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Mao-Wei Guo
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Tao Huang
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - He-Ping Li
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yu-Cai Liao
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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22
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Diao X, Han Y, Liu C. The Fungicidal Activity of Tebuconazole Enantiomers against Fusarium graminearum and Its Selective Effect on DON Production under Different Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3637-3643. [PMID: 29562133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole, which consists of a pair of enantiomers with different fungicidal activities, is one of the most common fungicides used in the control of Fusarium graminearum. In this study, the fungicidal activity of rac-tebuconazole and its enantiomers against F. graminearum was determined at 0.997, 0.975, and 0.950 aw and at 20, 25, and 30 °C on wheat-based media. Then, F. graminearum was treated with rac-tebuconazole and its enantiomers at the EC10, EC50, and EC90 levels under different culture conditions, and DON production was measured. Finally, expression of the DON biosynthetic genes ( TRI5 and TRI6) was quantified by real-time RT-PCR after incubation with EC50 doses of rac-tebuconazole and its enantiomers for 4, 8, and 14 days at 30 °C and aw 0.997. The results showed that the fungicidal activity of tebuconazole was strongly influenced by temperature, aw, and the combined factors. (-)-Tebuconazole is higher in fungicidal activity than (+)-tebuconazole and rac-tebuconazole with 24-99-fold and 1.8-6.7-fold, respectively. However, (-)-tebuconazole was generally more favorable for DON production than (+)-tebuconazole under the same conditions. Additionally, (-)-tebuconazole and rac-tebuconazole induced significantly increased expression of the DON biosynthetic genes ( TRI5 and TRI6) compared to the control by the 14th day of treatment. In this research, the combination condition of 30 °C and 0.997 aw is the most suitable for DON production by F. graminearum. The test strains of F. graminearum treated with the EC10 dose of (-)-tebuconazole produced the greatest amounts of DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Diao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou , 510642 , China
| | - Yiye Han
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou , 510642 , China
| | - Chenglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province , South China Agricultural University , Wushan Road 483 , Tianhe District, Guangzhou , 510642 , China
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Park J, Chang H, Kim D, Chung S, Lee C. Long-Term Occurrence of Deoxynivalenol in Feed and Feed Raw Materials with a Special Focus on South Korea. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10030127. [PMID: 29547546 PMCID: PMC5869415 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fusarium fungi produce toxic substances called mycotoxins, which can cause disease and harmful effects in grains, livestock, and humans. Deoxynivalenol (DON), also known as vomitoxin, is one of the Fusarium mycotoxins that is known to cause vomiting in livestock. This study shows the occurrence of deoxynivalenol in feedstuffs (compound feed and feed ingredients) between 2009 and 2016 in South Korea. A total of 653 domestic samples were collected at five time points, including 494 compound feed samples and 159 feed ingredient samples. DON contamination levels were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with pretreatment using an immunoaffinity column (IAC). The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated at 1–10 µg/kg and 3–35 µg/kg, respectively. Two compound feeds (two gestating sow feed samples) out of 160 pig feed samples exceeded the European Commission (EC) guidance value, while no feed ingredient samples exceeded the EC or South Korean guidance values. There were statistically significant differences in the mean contamination levels of compound feed and feed ingredients that indicated a decreasing trend over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Park
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Hansub Chang
- National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea.
| | - Dongho Kim
- National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea.
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Soohyun Chung
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Chan Lee
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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24
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Xing F, Liu X, Wang L, Selvaraj JN, Jin N, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Distribution and variation of fungi and major mycotoxins in pre- and post-nature drying maize in North China Plain. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Lee HJ, Ryu D. Worldwide Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Cereals and Cereal-Derived Food Products: Public Health Perspectives of Their Co-occurrence. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7034-7051. [PMID: 27976878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cereal grains and their processed food products are frequently contaminated with mycotoxins. Among many, five major mycotoxins of aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone are of significant public health concern as they can cause adverse effects in humans. Being airborne or soilborne, the cosmopolitan nature of mycotoxigenic fungi contribute to the worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins. On the basis of the global occurrence data reported during the past 10 years, the incidences and maximum levels in raw cereal grains were 55% and 1642 μg/kg for aflatoxins, 29% and 1164 μg/kg for ochratoxin A, 61% and 71,121 μg/kg for fumonisins, 58% and 41,157 μg/kg, for deoxynivalenol, and 46% and 3049 μg/kg for zearalenone. The concentrations of mycotoxins tend to be lower in processed food products; the incidences varied depending on the individual mycotoxins, possibly due to the varying stability during processing and distribution of mycotoxins. It should be noted that more than one mycotoxin, produced by a single or several fungal species, may occur in various combinations in a given sample or food. Most studies reported additive or synergistic effects, suggesting that these mixtures may pose a significant threat to public health, particularly to infants and young children. Therefore, information on the co-occurrence of mycotoxins and their interactive toxicity is summarized in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Lee
- School of Food Science, University of Idaho , 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2312, Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
| | - Dojin Ryu
- School of Food Science, University of Idaho , 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2312, Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
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Ji F, Mokoena MP, Zhao H, Olaniran AO, Shi J. Development of an immunochromatographic strip test for the rapid detection of zearalenone in wheat from Jiangsu province, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175282. [PMID: 28489899 PMCID: PMC5425148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A colloidal gold (ICS) test was developed for rapid detection of zearalenone (ZEN) in wheat samples. The mAb against ZEN was prepared in our laboratory and labelled with colloidal gold as a probe for the ICS test. The conditions were optimized and 30 nm colloidal gold nanoparticles were chosen for optimal performance. Millipore 135 was chosen as the NC membrane for its level of sensitivity. The optimum amount of coated antigen ZEN-OVA and anti-ZEN mAb was 0.5 mg/mL and 8 μg/mL, respectively. The ICS test, which has a detection limit of 15 ng/mL for ZEN, could be completed in 5 min. Analysis of ZEN in 202 wheat samples over three consecutive years revealed that data obtained from the ICS test were in a good agreement with LC-MS/MS data. This result demonstrated that the ICS test could be used as a qualitative tool to screen on-site for ZEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ji
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding/Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality/Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, China/ Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Mduduzi P. Mokoena
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding/Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality/Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, China/ Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ademola O. Olaniran
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding/Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality/Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture, China/ Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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Wu L, Li J, Li Y, Li T, He Q, Tang Y, Liu H, Su Y, Yin Y, Liao P. Aflatoxin B 1, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in feed ingredients and complete feed from different Province in China. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2016; 7:63. [PMID: 27790372 PMCID: PMC5075205 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was carried out to provide a reference for monitory of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds were collected from different Province in China from 2013 to 2015. METHODS A total of 443 feed ingredients, including 220 corn, 24 wheat, 24 domestic distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS), 55 bran, 20 wheat shorts and red dog, 37 imported DDGS, 34 corn germ meal and 29 soybean meal as well as 127 complete feeds including 25 pig complete feed (powder), 90 pig complete feed (pellet), six duck complete feed and six cattle complete feed were randomly collected from different Province in China, respectively, by high-performance chromatography in combined with UV or fluorescence analysis. RESULTS The incidence rates of AFB1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds were 80.8, 92.3 and 93.9 %, respectively. The percentage of positive samples for DON ranged from 66.7 to 100 %. Domestic DDGS and imported DDGS presented the most serious contamination AFB1, ZEN and DON contamination levels of feeds ranged from 61.5 to 100 %, indicated that serious contamination over the studied 3-year period. CONCLUSION The current data provide clear evidence that AFB1, ZEN and DON contamination of feed ingredients and complete feeds in different Province in China is serious and differs over past 3-year. The use of corn, domestic DDGS, imported DDGS and corn germ meal, which may be contaminated with these three mycotoxins, as animal feed may triggered a health risk for animal. Feeds are most contaminated with DON followed by ZEN and AFB1. Mycotoxins contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds should be monitored routinely in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Yunhu Li
- Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, The Party and Government Office, Donghu Road, Changsha, 410123 China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Qinghua He
- ShenZhen University, Shenzhen, 518061 China
| | - Yulong Tang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Hongnan Liu
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Yongteng Su
- NanJing Agriculture University, Nanjing, 210095 China.,JiangSu Aomai Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 211226 China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
| | - Peng Liao
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644# Yuandaer Road, Changsha, 410125 China
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Li F, Jiang D, Zhou J, Chen J, Li W, Zheng F. Mycotoxins in wheat flour and intake assessment in Shandong province of China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 9:170-5. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1154109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liu J, Sun L, Zhang J, Guo J, Chen L, Qi D, Zhang N. Aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in feed ingredients and complete feed from central China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 9:91-7. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1139003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zhang W, Deng X, Yu X, Pei X, Fu G, Wang X, Li B, Wang L. The recent Fusarium mycotoxin situation in grain and feed in China. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium mycotoxins, such as trichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEA) and fumonisins, are widely distributed in grain and animal feed and cause hazards to human and animal health. China, one of the largest producers of agricultural products and animal feed, constantly faces challenges in preventing and controlling Fusarium mycotoxins. The recent status of Fusarium mycotoxins in grain and feed is of interest to many stakeholders; however, no comprehensive review of this has been published to date. The objective of this article is to review the recent situation in China, including the contamination situation, its (probable) main causes and the updated regulations. Every district of China has been affected by Fusarium mycotoxin contamination to varying degrees, with the most seriously affected districts being East China, Central China and North China. The incidence rates of deoxynivalenol and ZEA were higher than those of other Fusarium mycotoxins in both grain and feed samples. It has been suggested that deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside should undergo the risk assessment and the development of a related legal limit in China. Among the multiple causes of Fusarium mycotoxin occurrence in China, geography and climate and the variable characteristics of plants are probably the two important causes. The latest legal limits for Fusarium mycotoxins in food were promulgated in 2011, and the legal limits in feed are in the process of being revised. This article aims to provide information for promoting an understanding of the recent situation and the challenges for combating Fusarium mycotoxin contamination of grain and feed in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- W.W. Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, 783#, Xindu Dadao, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China P.R
| | - X.D. Deng
- Sichuan International Travel Health Care Center, 1#, Tongzilin Bei Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
| | - X.P. Yu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, 783#, Xindu Dadao, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China P.R
| | - X.F. Pei
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, 16#, Section 3, Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
- Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 16#, Section 3, Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
| | - G.M. Fu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, 783#, Xindu Dadao, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China P.R
| | - X.L. Wang
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, 783#, Xindu Dadao, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China P.R
| | - B.B. Li
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, 783#, Xindu Dadao, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China P.R
| | - L.Y. Wang
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, 783#, Xindu Dadao, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China P.R
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Selvaraj JN, Zhao Y, Sangare L, Xing F, Zhou L, Wang Y, Xue X, Li Y, Liu Y. Limited survey of deoxynivalenol in wheat from different crop rotation fields in Yangtze-Huaihe river basin region of China. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Selvaraj JN, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zhao Y, Xing F, Dai X, Liu Y. Recent mycotoxin survey data and advanced mycotoxin detection techniques reported from China: a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:440-52. [PMID: 25604871 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination in agro-food systems has been a serious concern over the last few decades in China, where the Ministry of Health has set maximum limits for mycotoxins in different agro-products. Overall survey data show that aflatoxin contamination in infant cereals, edible oils, raw milk, ginger and its related products are far below Chinese regulatory limits. The absence of aflatoxin M1 contamination in infant milk powders indicates a high standard of control. Aflatoxins in liquorice roots and lotus seeds have been reported for the first time. For deoxynivalenol, high levels were found in wheat grown in the Yangtze Delta region, which is more prone to rainfall, supporting Fusarium infection. The emerging mycotoxins beauvericins and enniatins have been reported in the medicinal herbs in China. Ochratoxin A in wine was below the European Union regulatory limits, but fumonisins in maize need to be monitored and future regulatory control considered. Overall from all the survey data analysed in this review, it can be concluded that 92% of the samples analysed had mycotoxin levels below the Chinese regulatory limits. In terms of detection techniques in recent years, immuno-based assays have been developed largely due to their excellent sensitivity and ease of use. Assays targeting multiple mycotoxins like aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol have been reported using microarrays and suspension arrays targeting in particular maize, rice and peanuts. Aptamer-based assays against ochratoxin A and aflatoxins B1 and B2 have been developed involving fluorescence detection; and surface plasmon resonance immunosensors have been developed targeting wine, maize, wheat, wild rye, hay and peanut oil with high sensitivity (> 0.025 ng l(-1)). Commercialisation of these technologies is much needed for wider usage in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Nimal Selvaraj
- a Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing , Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , China
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Li MM, Guan EQ, Bian K. Effect of ozone treatment on deoxynivalenol and quality evaluation of ozonised wheat. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 32:544-53. [PMID: 25325346 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.976596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the secondary metabolite of Fusarium graminearum, which is always found in Fusarium head blight of wheat. In this study, gaseous ozone was used to treat both DON solution and scabbed wheat to investigate the effectiveness of ozone treatment on DON degradation and the effect of ozone on the quality parameters of wheat. It was found that gaseous ozone had a significant effect on DON reduction in solution, when 10 mg l(-1) gaseous ozone was used to treat a 1 μg ml(-1) of DON solution, the degradation rate of DON was 93.6% within 30 s. Lower initial concentrations of DON solution treated with higher concentrations of ozone, and longer times showed higher DON degradation rates. Gaseous ozone was effective against DON in scabbed wheat. The degradation rate of DON increased with ozone concentration and processing time. The correlation between the time and degradation rate was y = -1.1926x(2) + 11.427x - 8.7787. In the process of ozone oxidation, a higher moisture content of wheat was more sensitive than that of lower moisture content to ozone under the same conditions. All samples were treated with different concentrations of ozone for 4 h to investigate the effect of ozone on wheat quality. No significant detrimental changes in the starch pasting properties of wheat were observed after all the samples were treated with ozone within 4 h. On the other hand, there was a slight rise in the dough development time and stability time, which meant the quality of flour improved after ozone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Li
- a College of Food Science and Technology; Henan Food Crop Collaborative Innovation Center, Henan University of Technology , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
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Deoxynivalenol: signaling pathways and human exposure risk assessment—an update. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:1915-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Occurrence of mycotoxins in feed ingredients and complete feeds obtained from the Beijing region of China. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2014; 5:37. [PMID: 25101169 PMCID: PMC4123309 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-5-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study was carried out to provide a reference for the control of mycotoxin contamination in feed ingredients and complete feeds for swine. Methods A total of 55 feed ingredients, including 14 corn, 13 wheat bran, 11 soybean meal and 17 dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) as well as 76 complete swine feeds including 7 creep feeds, 14 starter feeds, 14 grower feeds, 18 grower-finisher feeds, 10 gestating sow feeds, and 13 lactating sow feeds were randomly collected from 15 swine farms located in the Beijing region of China from July to August 2011. Immunoaffinity clean-up, using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in combination with UV or Fluorescence Detection, was used for quantitative analysis of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in the ingredients and complete feeds. Results DON and ZEA were the most prevalent mycotoxins found. DON was detected at percentages of 93, 92, 54, 100 and 97% with a mean level of 1.01, 0.44, 0.05, 1.36 and 0.65 ppm in the samples of corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, DDGS and complete feeds, respectively. The detected percentages of ZEA were 100, 100, 54, 100 and 100 with mean levels of 109.1, 14.9, 9.2, 882.7 and 58.9 ppb in the same samples. In the wheat bran and soybean meal samples, the content of all four mycotoxins were below the maximum limits set by Chinese regulations while the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 7, 57 and 7% for corn, and 7, 14 and 3% for the complete feeds for AFB1, DON and OTA respectively. DDGS showed the most serious mycotoxin contamination and the percentage of samples that exceeded regulatory limits were 6, 88 and 41%, for AFB1, DON and ZEA, respectively. Conclusions This paper is the first to present data on the natural occurrence of AFB1, DON, ZEA and OTA in ingredients and complete feeds obtained from swine farms in China’s Beijing region. The data shows that feed ingredients and complete swine feeds obtained from these farms are most often contaminated with DON followed by contamination with AFB1 and ZEA.
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Natural occurrence of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in wheat from Jiangsu province, China. Food Chem 2014; 157:393-7. [PMID: 24679796 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A three-year (2010-2012) survey was conducted to assess the prevalence and concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) in wheat from several regions of Jiangsu province, China, which are heavily impacted by Fusarium head blight. A total of 180 wheat samples were obtained from the infected fields that spread 21 counties. DON and ZEN levels were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). DON was found in 74.4% of samples at levels ranging from 14.52 to 41157.13 μg/kg (mean 488.02 μg/kg), while ZEN was found in 12.8% of samples at levels ranging from 10.13 to 3048.88 μg/kg (mean 73.04 μg/kg). In years and regions of higher rainfall, DON and ZEN levels were higher in samples. These results are necessary to take a vigilant attitude to prevent human intake of trichothecenes and protect human's health from the risk of exposure to these toxins.
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Oliveira PM, Zannini E, Arendt EK. Cereal fungal infection, mycotoxins, and lactic acid bacteria mediated bioprotection: From crop farming to cereal products. Food Microbiol 2014; 37:78-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Berthiller F, Burdaspal P, Crews C, Iha M, Krska R, Lattanzio V, MacDonald S, Malone R, Maragos C, Solfrizzo M, Stroka J, Whitaker T. Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2012-2013. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2014. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2013.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2012 and mid-2013. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone. A wide range of analytical methods for mycotoxin determination in food and feed were developed last year, in particular immunochemical methods and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods. After a section on sampling and sample preparation, due to the rapid spread and developments in the field of LC-MS/MS multimycotoxin methods, a separate section has been devoted to this area of research. It is followed by a section on mycotoxins in botanicals and spices, before continuing with the format of previous reviews in this series with dedicated sections on method developments for the individual mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Berthiller
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism and Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - P.A. Burdaspal
- National Centre for Food, Spanish Food Safety and Nutrition Agency, Carretera de Majadahonda a Pozuelo km 5, 228220 Majadahonda, Spain
| | - C. Crews
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - M.H. Iha
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Laboratrio I de Ribeiro Preto, Av Dr Arnaldo 355, CEP 14085-410, Ribeiro Preto SP, Brazil
| | - R. Krska
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism and Center for Analytical Chemistry, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - V.M.T. Lattanzio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/o, Bari 700126, Italy
| | - S. MacDonald
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - R.J. Malone
- Trilogy Analytical Laboratory, 870 Vossbrink Drive, Washington, MO 63090, USA
| | - C. Maragos
- USDA, ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - M. Solfrizzo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/o, Bari 700126, Italy
| | - J. Stroka
- Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), European Commission Joint Research Centre, Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - T.B. Whitaker
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, N.C. State University, P.O. Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
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