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Development of a depuration protocol for commercially important edible bivalve molluscs of India: Ensuring microbiological safety. Food Microbiol 2023; 110:104172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Liu P, Zhang L, Li Y, Feng H, Zhang X, Zhang M. rGO-PDMS Flexible Sensors Enabled Survival Decision System for Live Oysters. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1308. [PMID: 36772351 PMCID: PMC9919715 DOI: 10.3390/s23031308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The shell-closing strength (SCS) of oysters is the main parameter for physiological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of SCS as an indicator of live oyster health. This study developed a flexible pressure sensor system with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the sensitive layer to monitor SCS in live oysters (rGO-PDMS). In the experiment, oysters of superior, medium and inferior grades were selected as research objects, and the change characteristics of SCS were monitored at 4 °C and 25 °C. At the same time, the time series model was used to predict the survival rate of live oyster on the basis of changes in their SCS characteristics. The survival times of superior, medium and inferior oysters at 4 °C and 25 °C were 31/25/18 days and 12/10/7 days, respectively, and the best prediction accuracies for survival rate were 89.32%/82.17%/79.19%. The results indicate that SCS is a key physiological indicator of oyster survival. The dynamic monitoring of oyster vitality by means of flexible pressure sensors is an important means of improving oyster survival rate. Superior oysters have a higher survival rate in low-temperature environments, and our method can provide effective and reliable survival prediction and management for the oyster industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoshuan Zhang
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +86-133-6639-6640 (X.Z.); +86-158-0106-2668 (M.Z.)
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +86-133-6639-6640 (X.Z.); +86-158-0106-2668 (M.Z.)
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Chinnadurai S, Elavarasan K, Geethalakshmi V, Kripa V, Mohamed KS. Temperature, salinity and body-size influences depuration of heavy metals in commercially important edible bivalve molluscs of India. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135879. [PMID: 35926743 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of temperature, salinity and body-size on depuration of naturally accumulated heavy metals in clams, mussels and oysters harvested from Ashtamudi and Vembanad estuaries of Kerala, India were investigated using a static depuration system. Before depuration, the concentrations of heavy metals such as Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn were analysed and it was found that the Fe, Zn, Cu and Pb contents in all the three bivalve molluscs were above the prescribed limit which poses a significant health risk to bivalve consumers. To protect consumer food safety, depuration experiments were conducted at varying temperatures, salinities and body-sizes. The clams, mussels and oysters depurated under the room temperature depuration system (RTDS) showed a better reduction of heavy metals compared with low-temperature depuration system (LTDS). ANOVA showed clams and mussels depurated at RTDS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the heavy metals than LTDS. However, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in oysters between RTDS and LTDS. Further, clams and mussels depurated at low salinity (15-psμ) showed high resistance against Pb reduction. But, all the heavy metals, particularly, Pb, Fe, Zn and Cu were effectively removed at higher salinity depuration (25-psμ and 35-psμ). Moreover, irrespective of the body-size of clams, mussels and oysters used for depuration, a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in all metals (Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb and Cu) was observed. Relatively, the medium-size bivalves showed higher reductions compared to small-size bivalves. Based on the experiments conducted, we recommend 48 h depuration using the static system under room temperature (30 ± 1 °C) with a salinity range of (25-35 psμ) using medium-size bivalves (clam>30 mm; mussel >45 mm, and oyster >65 mm length) as optimum conditions for producing safe bivalves for consumption in the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chinnadurai
- Molluscan Fisheries Division, ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PB No. 1603, Kochi, Kerala State, 682018, India; ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala State, 682029, India; Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka State, India.
| | - K Elavarasan
- ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala State, 682029, India
| | - V Geethalakshmi
- ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, Kerala State, 682029, India
| | - V Kripa
- Molluscan Fisheries Division, ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PB No. 1603, Kochi, Kerala State, 682018, India
| | - K S Mohamed
- Molluscan Fisheries Division, ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, PB No. 1603, Kochi, Kerala State, 682018, India
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Sorée M, Delavat F, Lambert C, Lozach S, Papin M, Petton B, Passerini D, Dégremont L, Hervio Heath D. Life history of oysters influences Vibrio parahaemolyticus accumulation in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4401-4410. [PMID: 35384247 PMCID: PMC9790381 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in humans is associated with raw oyster consumption. Evaluation of V. parahaemolyticus presence in oysters is of most interest because of the economic and public health issues that it represents. To explore V. parahaemolyticus accumulation and depuration in adult Crassostrea gigas, we developed a GFP-tagged V. parahaemolyticus strain (IFVp201-gfp+ ), as well as a rapid and efficient quantification method in C. gigas oysters haemolymph by flow cytometry. Impact of the life history of C. gigas on accumulation and depuration of V. parahaemolyticus IFVp201 was subsequently investigated. We found that naive oysters, i.e. grown in controlled facilities with UV treated seawater, accumulated significantly more IFVp201 than environmental oysters, i.e. grown in intertidal environment. We hypothesized that environmental oysters could have been immune primed, thus could limit V. parahaemolyticus accumulation. Meanwhile, both naive and environmental oysters had similar depuration rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Sorée
- Ifremer, MASAENantesF‐44311France,Ifremer, SGMMPlouzanéF‐29280France
| | | | | | - Solen Lozach
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMARPlouzanéF‐29280France
| | | | - Bruno Petton
- Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, LEMARPlouzanéF‐29280France
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Chen L, Shi H, Zhang X, Xue C, Nie C, Yang F, Shao Y, Xue Y, Zhang H, Li Z. The effect of depuration salinity on the survival, nutritional composition, biochemical responses and proteome of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) during anhydrous living-preservation. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Chen L, Shi H, Li Z, Yang F, Zhang X, Xue Y, Zhang H, Xue C. Molecular mechanism of protein dynamic change in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) during depuration at different salinities uncovered by mass spectrometry-based proteomics combined with bioinformatics. Food Chem 2022; 394:133454. [PMID: 35753254 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Salinity stress during depuration of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) leads to degradation in quality; therefore, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating dynamic changes during depuration is needed. Here, C. gigas was depurated for 72 h at salinities ranging from 26 to 38 g/L, a ± 10-20% fluctuation from that in the production area, and the gill proteomes were analyzed by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH-MS). Of the 1218 proteins analyzed, 241 were differentiating proteins (DPs). Salinity stress led to increased levels of DPs associated with glycolysis and the extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathway, and decreased levels of DPs associated with the citric acid cycle, lipid metabolism, genetic information processing, and cell transformation, especially in oysters exposed to 38 g/L salinity (+20%). Controlling salinity fluctuation within ± 10% of the production area during depuration was conducive to maintaining quality in C. gigas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yu Shan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China
| | - Haohao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yu Shan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China
| | - Zhaojie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yu Shan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yu Shan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Food and Agricultural Products Testing Agency, Technology Center of Qingdao Customs District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yu Shan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Food and Agricultural Products Testing Agency, Technology Center of Qingdao Customs District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No. 5, Yu Shan Road, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for MarineScience and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, PR China.
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7
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Campbell VM, Chouljenko A, Hall SG. Depuration of live oysters to reduce Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus: A review of ecology and processing parameters. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3480-3506. [PMID: 35638353 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of raw oysters, whether wild-caught or aquacultured, may increase health risks for humans. Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are two potentially pathogenic bacteria that can be concentrated in oysters during filter feeding. As Vibrio abundance increases in coastal waters worldwide, ingesting raw oysters contaminated with V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus can possibly result in human illness and death in susceptible individuals. Depuration is a postharvest processing method that maintains oyster viability while they filter clean salt water that either continuously flows through a holding tank or is recirculated and replenished periodically. This process can reduce endogenous bacteria, including coliforms, thus providing a safer, live oyster product for human consumption; however, depuration of Vibrios has presented challenges. When considering the difficulty of removing endogenous Vibrios in oysters, a more standardized framework of effective depuration parameters is needed. Understanding Vibrio ecology and its relation to certain depuration parameters could help optimize the process for the reduction of Vibrio. In the past, researchers have manipulated key depuration parameters like depuration processing time, water salinity, water temperature, and water flow rate and explored the use of processing additives to enhance disinfection in oysters. In summation, depuration processing from 4 to 6 days, low temperature, high salinity, and flowing water effectively reduced V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus in live oysters. This review aims to emphasize trends among the results of these past works and provide suggestions for future oyster depuration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vashti M Campbell
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander Chouljenko
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven G Hall
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Mu R, Liu C, Parveen S, Webster D, Pang J. Controlled Recirculating Wet Storage Purging V. parahaemolyticus in Oysters. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050553. [PMID: 35631074 PMCID: PMC9145652 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This work explored the effects of salinity and temperature on the efficacy of purging V. parahaemolyticus from eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Oysters were inoculated with a 5-strain cocktail of V. parahaemolyticus to levels of 104 to 105 MPN (most probable number)/g and depurated in a controlled re-circulating wet-storage system with artificial seawater (ASW). Both salinity and temperature remarkably affected the efficacy for the depuration of V. parahaemolyticus from oysters during wet-storage. The wet-storage process at salinity 20 ppt at 7.5 °C or 10 °C could achieve a larger than 3 log (MPN/g) reduction of Vibrio at Day 7, which meets the FDA’s requirement as a post-harvest process for V. parahaemolyticus control. At the conditions of 10 °C and 20 ppt, a pre-chilled system could achieve a 3.54 log (MPN/g) reduction of Vibrio in oysters on Day 7. There was no significant difference in the shelf life between inoculated and untreated oysters before the depuration, with a same survival rate (stored in a 4 °C cooler for 15 days) of 93%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojun Mu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Chengchu Liu
- Sea Grant College Extension Program, University of Maryland Extension and Maryland-Sea Grant Extension, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Salina Parveen
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA;
| | - Donald Webster
- Wye Research & Education Center, University of Maryland Extension, Queenstown, MD 21658, USA;
| | - Jie Pang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (J.P.)
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Cong X, Wang Q, Sun C, Yu F, Chen L, Sun Z, Shi H, Xue C, Li Z. Temperature effects on the nutritional quality in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) during ultraviolet depuration. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1651-1659. [PMID: 34472630 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oysters are mainly consumed in the raw form, so it is important to get rid of bacteria and other harmful substances. Ultraviolet (UV) sterilization depuration is a commonly used method and does not produce chemical residues or act directly on shellfish, resulting in minimal adverse effects on flavor. This study simulated the industrial depuration process using UV sterilization to depurate Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). The effects of different temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) on the quality and taste components of C. gigas were investigated by measuring changes in physiological and biochemical indexes in C. gigas tissue samples. RESULTS At the end of depuration, no oyster mortality occurred, but it was up to 55% at 25 °C at 84 h. Glycogen content decreased the most at 25 °C at 48 h. The fatty acid content was higher at 20 and 25 °C. Succinic acid content decreased significantly and was higher at 20 and 25 °C at 48 h with no significant difference. Total free amino acid (FAA) content was significantly higher at 20 °C, however, there were no significant differences in nucleotide content at any temperature at 48 h. Adenylate energy charge (AEC) values decreased, with higher values at 15 and 25 °C, and equivalent umami concentration (EUC) values increased, with higher values at 20 and 25 °C. CONCLUSION Considering the changes in flavor substances and mortality rate, 20 °C is the appropriate temperature for UV sterilization depuration of C. gigas to produce better edible quality. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Cong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanqianhui Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lipin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongkai Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haohao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P.R. China
| | - Zhaojie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P.R. China
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Kladchenko ES, Andreyeva AY, Kukhareva TA, Rychkova VN, Soldatov AA, Mindukshev IV. Impact of Low Salinity on Hemocytes Morphology and Functional Aspects in Alien Clam Anadara
kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2075111721020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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IMPACT OF LOW SALINITY ON HEMOCYTES MORPHOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS IN INVASIVE CLAM ANADARA KAGOSHIMENSIS (TOKUNAGA, 1906). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.35885/1996-1499-2021-14-1-95-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Impact of low salinity on morphology and function of hemocytes in ark clam species Anadara kagoshimensis was investigated using light microscopy and flow cytometry. In control group the water salinity was adjusted to 19.6‰, and experimental group was maintained at 14.8‰ and 8.8‰. Two cell types, amebocytes and erythrocytes, were identified in control group of ark clams. Erythrocytes constituted the main type of the cells, and amounted to 92.3±3.9 %. Hyposalinity changed that proportion: the number of amebocytes decreased 2.7 times and number of erythrocytes increased 7.6 times. Morphometric characteristics of hemocytes didn’t show statistically significant changes. As far as salinity decreased, the number of erythrocyte shades in hemolymph increased (3.5 times at salinity 8.8‰) and, in hemocytes, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production grew (3.5. times at salinity 8.8‰).
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Performance evaluation of ultra violet assisted vertical re-circulating depuration system on microbial, heavy metal reduction and composition of black clam (Villorita cyprinoides). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Spaur M, Davis BJK, Kivitz S, DePaola A, Bowers JC, Curriero FC, Nachman KE. A systematic review of post-harvest interventions for Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw oysters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:140795. [PMID: 32731065 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-cholera Vibrio bacteria are a major cause of foodborne illness in the United States. Raw oysters are commonly implicated in gastroenteritis caused by pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In response to outbreaks in 1997-1998, the US Food and Drug Administration developed a nation-wide quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) of V. parahaemolyticus in raw oysters in 2005. The QMRA identified information gaps that new research may address. Incidence of sporadic V. parahaemolyticus illness has recently increased and, as oyster consumption increases and sea temperatures rise, V. parahaemolyticus outbreaks may become more frequent, posing health concerns. Updated and region-specific QMRAs will improve the accuracy and precision of risk of infection estimates. OBJECTIVES We identify research to support an updated QMRA of V. parahaemolyticus from oysters harvested in Chesapeake Bay and Puget Sound, focusing on observational and experimental research on post-harvest practices (PHPs) published from 2004 to 2019. METHODS A predefined search strategy was applied to PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Science.gov, NAL Agricola, and Google Scholar. Study eligibility criteria were defined using a population, intervention, comparator, and outcome statement. Reviewers independently coded abstracts for inclusion/exclusion using predefined criteria. Data were extracted and study quality and relevance evaluated based on published guidance for food safety risk assessments. Findings were synthesized using a weight of evidence approach. RESULTS Of 12,174 articles retrieved, 93 were included for full-text review. Twenty-seven studies were found to be high quality and high relevance, including studies on cold storage, high hydrostatic pressure, depuration, and disinfectant, and other PHPs. High hydrostatic pressure consistently emerged as the most effective PHP in reducing abundance of V. parahaemolyticus. DISCUSSION Limitations of the knowledge base and review approach involve the type and quantity of data reported. Future research should focus on PHPs for which few or no high quality and high relevance studies exist, such as irradiation and relaying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Spaur
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Benjamin J K Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Spatial Science for Public Health Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Health Sciences Center for Chemical Regulation and Food Safety, Exponent, Inc., Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Scott Kivitz
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Angelo DePaola
- Angelo DePaola Consulting, Coden, AL, United States of America
| | - John C Bowers
- Office of Analytics and Outreach, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Frank C Curriero
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Spatial Science for Public Health Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Keeve E Nachman
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Johns Hopkins Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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Ottaviani D, Pieralisi S, Chierichetti S, Rocchegiani E, Hattab J, Mosca F, Tiscar PG, Leoni F, Angelico G. Vibrio parahaemolyticus control in mussels by a Halobacteriovorax isolated from the Adriatic sea, Italy. Food Microbiol 2020; 92:103600. [PMID: 32950141 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the application of a Halobacteriovorax isolated from water of the Adriatic Sea (Italy) in controlling V. parahaemolyticus in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Two 72 h laboratory-scale V. parahaemolyticus decontamination experiments of mussels were performed. The test microcosm of experiment 1 was prepared using predator/prey free mussels experimentally contaminated with Halobacteriovorax/V. parahaemolyticus at a ratio of 103 PFU/105 CFU per ml, while that of experiment 2 using mussels naturally harbouring Halobacteriovorax that were experimentally contaminated with 105 CFU per ml of V. parahaemolyticus. For experiment 1, was also tested a control microcosm only contaminated with 105 CFU per ml of V. parahaemolyticus.. Double layer agar plating and pour plate techniques were used to enumerate Halobacteriovorax and V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. 16 S rRNA analysis was used to identify Halobacteriovorax. For both experiments in the test microcosm the concentration of prey remained at the same level as that experimentally added, i.e. 5 log for the entire analysis period. In experiment 1, V. parahaemolyticus counts in mussels were significantly lower in the test microcosm than the control with the maximum difference of 2.2 log at 24 h. Results demonstrate that Halobacteriovorax can modulate V. parahaemolyticus level in the mussels. The public impact of V. parahaemolyticus in bivalves is relevant and current decontamination processes are not always effective. Halobacteriovorax is a suitable candidate in the development of a biological approach to the purification of V. parahaemolyticus in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Ottaviani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pieralisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Serena Chierichetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Rocchegiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jasmine Hattab
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Mosca
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Università degli Studi di Teramo, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Località Piano d'Accio, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Leoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Angelico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Laboratorio Controllo Alimenti, via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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15
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Ndraha N, Wong HC, Hsiao HI. Managing the risk of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with oyster consumption: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1187-1217. [PMID: 33331689 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative bacterium that is naturally present in the marine environment. Oysters, which are water filter feeders, may accumulate this pathogen in their soft tissues, thus increasing the risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection among people who consume oysters. In this review, factors affecting V. parahaemolyticus accumulation in oysters, the route of the pathogen from primary production to consumption, and the potential effects of climate change were discussed. In addition, intervention strategies for reducing accumulation of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters were presented. A literature review revealed the following information relevant to the present study: (a) managing the safety of oysters (for human consumption) from primary production to consumption remains a challenge, (b) there are multiple factors that influence the concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters from primary production to consumption, (c) climate change could possibly affect the safety of oysters, both directly and indirectly, placing public health at risk, (d) many intervention strategies have been developed to control and/or reduce the concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters to acceptable levels, but most of them are mainly focused on the downstream steps of the oyster supply chain, and (c) although available regulation and/or guidelines governing the safety of oyster consumption are mostly available in developed countries, limited food safety information is available in developing countries. The information provided in this review may serve as an early warning for managing the future effects of climate change on the safety of oyster consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nodali Ndraha
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Hin-Chung Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Hsin-I Hsiao
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Institute of Food Safety and Risk Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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16
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Shen X, Su YC, Liu C, Oscar T, DePaola A. Efficacy of Vibrio parahaemolyticus depuration in oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Food Microbiol 2019; 79:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Telli AE, Doğruer Y. Discrimination of viable and dead Vibrio parahaemolyticus subjected to low temperatures using Propidium Monoazide - Quantitative loop mediated isothermal amplification (PMA-qLAMP) and PMA-qPCR. Microb Pathog 2019; 132:109-116. [PMID: 31034964 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cold (4 °C) and subzero (-18 °C, -45 °C) temperatures on the occurrence time of membrane damage to provide Propidium Monoazide (PMA) penetration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus inoculated to the sea bass. Direct plate counting (DPC) and PMA-based quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qLAMP) and qPCR was utilized for discrimination of dead and live bacteria on the designated storage days (1, 3, 7, and 14). The optimum amount of PMA was 50 μM for inhibition of amplification derived from dead cells in spiked samples. The number of live V. parahaemolyticus was detectable at the end of the 14. day using PMA-qLAMP and PMA-qPCR at all the temperatures. On the 7th day, culturability has lost at any of the storage temperatures and DPCs at -18 °C and -45 °C revealed a difference of about 1 log10 CFU/ml between 1st and 3rd days. The same difference was also observed in PMA-qLAMP and PMA-qPCR on the same days (0.59-0.95 log10 CFU/ml). Subzero temperatures have the highest rate of viability while causing the fastest decrease in culturability in sample groups as a result of the higher level of transition to VBNC state. qLAMP and qPCR methods in the PMA-treated and nontreated groups on the storage days at all temperatures gave similar results (p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ezgi Telli
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Doğruer
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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18
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Pan L, Lin C, Zhang G, Mu G, Yang X. The effect of pre-process and transport strategies on survival, microbiologic, and physiologic of Patinopecten yessoensis. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:1422-1430. [PMID: 30258584 PMCID: PMC6145298 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The supply chain of shellfish is complex, with animals being subjected to several stressors during the depuration, temporary keeping, and waterless-low-temp transportation processing. In this paper, the recycled water system for depuration and temporary keeping was used to realize both depuration and temporary keeping of Patinopecten yessoensis. The samples were divided into three groups based on three different pre-process involved: samples in group 1 were depurated for 48 hr straight, whereas those in group 2 were first depured for 24 hr and then cooled for 24 hr; samples in group 3 was directly kept in a polyethylene insulation box. Then group 1 and group 2 were transported in a 3L polyethylene insulation box with ice packs (250 ml) to study the quality of transport based on the different pre-process. As a result, in group 1 (depuration for 48 hr), the first death occurred after 56 hr, and all shellfishes died after 102 hr with total bacterial density of 2,630 CFU/ml. In group 2 (depuration for 24 hr and temporary keeping for 24 hr), the first death occurred after 104 hr and the total number of bacteria was increasing steadily within 0-104 hr. After 120 hr, all shellfishes died with total bacterial density of 1,090 CFU/ml. In group 3 (directly transport), all shellfishes died in 64 hr. The total number of bacteria in groups 1 and 2 declined significantly in the depuration process. The bacteria number (p < 0.05) in group 3 was significantly different from that in groups 1 and 2. The crude protein, crude fat, and glycogen of all groups declined. However, compared to groups 1 and 3, the consumption of glycogen in group 2 (p < 0.05) was delayed by the gradual cooling procedure. Those results prove that the depuration and temporary keeping procedures can improve the sterilization of the bacteria. The survival rate is less sensitive to the temperature change. The results provide satisfactory references for the P. yessoensis' quality studies with depuration, temporary keeping, and waterless-low-temp transportation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Pan
- College of Transport Equipment and Ocean EngineeringDalian Maritime UniversityDalianChina
- College of Mechanical and Power EngineeringDalian Ocean UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chengxin Lin
- College of Transport Equipment and Ocean EngineeringDalian Maritime UniversityDalianChina
| | - GuoChen Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Power EngineeringDalian Ocean UniversityDalianChina
| | - Gang Mu
- College of Mechanical and Power EngineeringDalian Ocean UniversityDalianChina
| | - XiaoTong Yang
- College of Mechanical and Power EngineeringDalian Ocean UniversityDalianChina
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19
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Aagesen AM, Phuvasate S, Su YC, Häse CC. Characterizing the Adherence Profiles of Virulent Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:152-162. [PMID: 28717834 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of seafood-borne illness in the USA, and infections with V. parahaemolyticus typically result from eating raw or undercooked oysters. V. parahaemolyticus has been shown to be highly resistant to oyster depuration, suggesting that the bacterium possesses specific mechanisms or factors for colonizing oysters and persisting during depuration. In this study, we characterized eight different V. parahaemolyticus strains for differences in resistance to oyster depuration, biofilm formation, and motility. While each strain exhibited distinct phenotypes in the various assays, we determined that biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces, such as glass or plastic, does not directly correlate with bacterial retention in oysters during depuration. However, we did observe that the motility phenotype of a strain appeared to be a better indicator for persistence in the oyster. Further studies examining the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed colonization differences by these and other V. parahaemolyticus strains may provide beneficial insights into what critical factors are required for proficient colonization of the Pacific oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha M Aagesen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Sureerat Phuvasate
- Seafood Research and Education Center, Oregon State University, Astoria, OR, 97103, USA
| | - Yi-Cheng Su
- Seafood Research and Education Center, Oregon State University, Astoria, OR, 97103, USA
| | - Claudia C Häse
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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20
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Çağlak E, Karsli B, Koral S. Effects of the Depuration Process on Microbiological Quality and Nutritional Composition of Mediterranean Mussel ( Mytilus galloprovincialisLamarck, 1819). JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2016.1221014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Çağlak
- Department of Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Barış Karsli
- Department of Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Serkan Koral
- Department of Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
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21
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Parveen S, Jahncke M, Elmahdi S, Crocker H, Bowers J, White C, Gray S, Morris AC, Brohawn K. High Salinity Relaying to Reduce Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in Chesapeake Bay Oysters (Crassostrea virginica). J Food Sci 2017; 82:484-491. [PMID: 28099766 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cases of Vibrio infections in the United States have tripled from 1996 to 2009 and these infections are most often associated with the consumption of seafood, particularly oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Information is needed on how to reduce numbers of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in bi-valve molluscan shellfish (for example, oysters). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high salinity relaying or treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) as methods to reduce the abundance of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in oysters. For relaying field trials, oysters were collected from approved harvest waters, temperature abused outside under a tarp for 4 h, and then transferred to high (29 to 33 ppt.) and moderate (12 to 19 ppt.) salinities. For RAS treatment trial, oysters were transferred to 32 to 34 ppt. salinity at 15 °C. After 7, 14, 21, and in some instances 28 d, oysters were collected and analyzed for V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus levels using multiplex real-time PCR. Initial levels of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus ranged from 3.70 to 5.64 log10 MPN/g, and were reduced by 2 to 5 logs after 21 to 28 d in high salinity water (29 to 34 ppt.). Oyster mortalities averaged 4% or less, and did not exceed 7%. Relaying of oysters to high salinity field sites or transfer to high salinity RAS tanks was more effective in reducing V. vulnificus compared with V. parahaemolyticus. These results suggest that high salinity relaying of oysters is more effective in reducing V. vulnificus than V. parahaemolyticus in the oyster species used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina Parveen
- Univ. of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, U.S.A
| | - Michael Jahncke
- Virginia Tech., Virginia Seafood Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hampton, VA, 23669, U.S.A
| | - Sara Elmahdi
- Univ. of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, U.S.A
| | - Helen Crocker
- Virginia Tech., Virginia Seafood Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hampton, VA, 23669, U.S.A
| | - John Bowers
- U.S. FDA, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, College Park, MD, 20740, U.S.A
| | - Chanelle White
- Univ. of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, 21853, U.S.A
| | - Stephanie Gray
- Virginia Tech., Virginia Seafood Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hampton, VA, 23669, U.S.A
| | - Amanda C Morris
- Virginia Tech., Virginia Seafood Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Hampton, VA, 23669, U.S.A
| | - Kathy Brohawn
- Maryland Dept. of the Environment, Baltimore, MD, 21230, U.S.A
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22
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Baker GL. Food Safety Impacts from Post-Harvest Processing Procedures of Molluscan Shellfish. Foods 2016; 5:E29. [PMID: 28231124 PMCID: PMC5302340 DOI: 10.3390/foods5020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-harvest Processing (PHP) methods are viable food processing methods employed to reduce human pathogens in molluscan shellfish that would normally be consumed raw, such as raw oysters on the half-shell. Efficacy of human pathogen reduction associated with PHP varies with respect to time, temperature, salinity, pressure, and process exposure. Regulatory requirements and PHP molluscan shellfish quality implications are major considerations for PHP usage. Food safety impacts associated with PHP of molluscan shellfish vary in their efficacy and may have synergistic outcomes when combined. Further research for many PHP methods are necessary and emerging PHP methods that result in minimal quality loss and effective human pathogen reduction should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- George L Baker
- University of Florida, 104 Aquatic Food Products Laboratory, Gainesville, FL 32611-0370, USA.
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