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Liu Y, Lai H, Ming P, Chen P, Wang S, Zhai H. A ratiomectic aptasensor with enhanced signals based on peroxidase-like enzymes and NH 2-MIL-101@MoS 2 for trace detection of deoxynivalenol in traditional Chinese herbs. Food Chem 2024; 441:138381. [PMID: 38218150 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of the deoxynivalenol (DON) in the human body poses a significant health risk that is often overlooked, and we urgently need an ultra-sensitive rapid detection platform. Due to the porosity of NH2-MIL-101@MoS2, an increased loading of toluidine blue (TB) serves to create a signal reference. Cobalt@carbon (CoC) derived from metal organic frameworks was combined with NH2-MIL-101(NH2-MIL-101@CoC) to form an enzyme-free Nanoprobe (Apt-pro) with significant catalytic properties. The ratio (IBQ /ITB) was changed by varying the electrochemical signal of benzoquinone (BQ) (IBQ) and the amount of TB deposition (ITB). This aptasensor was successfully applied to detect DON in malt and peach seed, which exhibited a great linear range from 1 fg/mL to 10 ng/mL and low detection limit of 0.31 fg/mL for DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haohong Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pingtao Ming
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengsheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Haiyun Zhai
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Wang Y, Ou X, He HJ, Kamruzzaman M. Advancements, limitations and challenges in hyperspectral imaging for comprehensive assessment of wheat quality: An up-to-date review. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101235. [PMID: 38420503 PMCID: PMC10900407 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential of hyperspectral imaging technology (HIT) for the determination of physicochemical and nutritional components, evaluation of fungal/mycotoxins contamination, wheat varieties classification, identification of non-mildew-damaged wheat kernels, as well as detection of flour adulteration is comprehensively illustrated and reviewed. The latest findings (2018-2023) of HIT in wheat quality evaluation through internal and external attributes are compared and summarized in detail. The limitations and challenges of HIT to improve assessment accuracy are clearly described. Additionally, various practical recommendations and strategies for the potential application of HIT are highlighted. The future trends and prospects of HIT in evaluating wheat quality are also mentioned. In conclusion, HIT stands as a cutting-edge technology with immense potential for revolutionizing wheat quality evaluation. As advancements in HIT continue, it will play a pivotal role in shaping the future of wheat quality assessment and contributing to a more sustainable and efficient food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Wang
- School of Life Science & Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xingqi Ou
- School of Life Science & Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hong-Ju He
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Mohammed Kamruzzaman
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Bosman AJ, Freitag S, Ross GMS, Sulyok M, Krska R, Ruggeri FS, Salentijn GI. Interconnectable 3D-printed sample processing modules for portable mycotoxin screening of intact wheat. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:342000. [PMID: 38057054 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing demand for food and feed products is stretching the capacity of the food value chain to its limits. A key step for ensuring food safety is checking for mycotoxin contamination of wheat. However, this analysis is typically performed by rather complex and expensive chromatographic methods, such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These costly methods require extensive sample preparation that is not easily carried out at different points along the food supply chain. To overcome such challenges in sample processing, an inexpensive and portable sample preparation device was needed, that required low skill, for rapid sample-to-result mycotoxin screening. RESULTS We describe 3D-printed and interconnectable modules for simple, integrated and on-site sample preparation, including grinding of wheat kernels, and solvent-based extraction. We characterized these 3D-printed modules for mycotoxin screening and benchmarked them against a laboratory mill using commercial lateral flow device(s) (LFD) and in-house validated LC-MS/MS analysis. Different integrated sieve configurations were compared based on grinding efficiency, and we selected a sieve size of 2 mm allowing grinding of 10 g of wheat within 5 min. Moreover, 10 first time-users were able to operate the grinder module with minimal instructions. Screening for deoxynivalenol (DON) in naturally contaminated samples at the regulatory/legal limit (1.25 mg kg-1) was demonstrated using the developed 3D-printed prototype. The whole process only takes 15 min, from sample preparation to screening result. The results showed a clear correlation (R2 = 0.96) between the LFD and LC-MS/MS. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrate the potential of 3D-printed sample handling equipment as a valuable extension of existing analytical procedures, facilitating the on-site implementation of rapid methods for the determination of mycotoxins in grains. The presented prototype is inexpensive with material costs of 2.5€, relies on biodegradable 3D printing filament and can be produced with consumer-grade printers, making the prototype readily available. As a future perspective, the modular character of our developed tool kit will allow for adaptation to other hard food commodities beyond the determination of DON in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk J Bosman
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Freitag
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Georgina M S Ross
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Sulyok
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Rudolf Krska
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queens University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Francesco Simone Ruggeri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Gert Ij Salentijn
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Zou Y, Xia T, Zuo Y, Gu Y, Zhang J, Wei J, Qian J, Hao N, Wang K. Dual-mode sensing chip for photoelectrochemical and electrochromic visual determination of deoxynivalenol mycotoxin. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:466. [PMID: 37953315 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The successful development of a dual-mode sensing chip for deoxynivalenol (DON) detection using photoelectrochemical (PEC) and electrochromic visualization techniques is reported. By laser etching technology, different functional areas, including the photoanode, the cathode, and the electrochromic area, are fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass. Then, these three areas are further respectively modified with PEC active materials, platinum nanoparticles, and Prussian blue. Under light illumination, photocurrents generate between the photoanode and the cathode due to the separation of photo-induced electrons and holes in the TiO2/3DNGH material. Meanwhile, the photo-induced electrons are transferred to Prussian blue on the visualization area, which will be reduced to colorless Prussian white. The binding of DON molecules and aptamers can promote electron transfer and reduce the recombination of electrons and holes, allowing for simultaneous quantitative detection of DON using either the photocurrent or color change. The sensor chip has a broad detection range of DON concentrations of 1 fg⋅mL-1 to 100 pg⋅mL-1 in the PEC mode with the limit of detection of 0.37 fg⋅mL-1, and 1 to 250 ng⋅mL-1 in the visualization mode with the limit of detection of 0.51 ng⋅mL-1. This portable dual-mode sensor chip can be used in both laboratory and field settings without the need for specialized instruments, making it a powerful tool for ensuring food safety. At the same time, the analysis of the standard addition method of the actual sample by using the sensor chip shows that, in the PEC mode, the recoveries of the dual-mode aptasensor chip were 91.3 to 99.0% with RSD values of 1.73~2.55%, and in visualization mode, the recoveries of the dual-mode aptasensor chip were 99.2 to 102.0% with RSD values of 1.00~6.21%, which indicate good accuracy and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gu
- Institute for Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology of Jiangsu, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Mineral Salt Deep Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Hao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
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Hu Z, Qian S, Fan K, Yu Y, Liu X, Liu H, Meng J, Zhao Z, Han Z. Natural occurrence of ustiloxins in rice from five provinces in China and the removal efficiencies of different milling steps. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6272-6279. [PMID: 37163670 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread incidence of "false smut" disease in rice has caused extensive ustiloxin contamination around the world. Until now there has been a lack of knowledge regarding the natural occurrence of ustiloxins in paddy. The development of efficient removal methods is also still a challenge that remains unexplored. RESULTS In the current study, three main ustiloxins - ustiloxin A (UA), ustiloxin B (UB), and ustiloxin G (UG) - were determined simultaneously by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in 206 paddy samples collected in 2021 from five rice-producing provinces in China. The predominant ustiloxin was UA with an occurrence of 46.1% and an average concentration of 49.71 μg kg-1 . This was followed by UB (31.1%, 13.31 μg kg-1 ) and UG (18.4%, 9.19 μg kg-1 ). No targeted ustiloxins were detected in white rice samples randomly collected from supermarkets in Shanghai. To reveal the causes, two approaches were tested for the removal of the ustiloxins: most of the targeted ustiloxins (>93%) were removed in brown rice by husking and, subsequently, all targeted ustiloxins (100%) were removed by whitening. CONCLUSION A wide distribution of ustiloxins was discovered in paddy samples in this study. The UA contaminations were significantly different depending on their origin, with the highest occurrence in paddy from Shanghai and Jiangsu, southeast coast provinces in China. Contamination by UG was also found in paddy for the first time and was strongly correlated with those of UA and UB. A combination of husking and whitening has been verified to be a practicable and promising way to ensure efficient removal and food safety. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Hu
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen'an Qian
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinan Yu
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajia Meng
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- College of Food Science & Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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6
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Mayer BP, Dreyer ML, Prieto Conaway MC, Valdez CA, Corzett T, Leif R, Williams AM. Toward Machine Learning-Driven Mass Spectrometric Identification of Trichothecenes in the Absence of Standard Reference Materials. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13064-13072. [PMID: 37607517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
While a significant body of work exists on the detection of commonly known trichothecene toxins, biological, environmental, and other transformational processes can generate many under-characterized and unknown modified trichothecenes. Lacking both analytical reference standards and associated mass spectral databases, identification of these modified compounds reflects both a challenge and a critical gap from forensic and public health perspectives. We report here the application of machine learning (ML) techniques toward identification of discriminative fragment ions from mass spectrometric data that can be exploited to detect evidence of type A and B trichothecenes. The goal of this work is to establish a new method for the identification of unknown, though structurally similar trichothecenes, by leveraging objective ML techniques. Discriminative fragments derived from a series of gradient-boosted machine learners are then used to develop ML-driven precursor ion scan (PIS) methods on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (QQQ) for screening of "unknown unknown" trichothecenes. Specifically, we apply the PIS method to a laboratory-synthesized trichothecene, a first step in demonstrating the power of alternative, machine learning-driven mass spectrometric methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Mayer
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Mark L Dreyer
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Maria C Prieto Conaway
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Carlos A Valdez
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Todd Corzett
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Roald Leif
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Audrey M Williams
- Forensic Science Center, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue L-090, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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Zeng K, Yang J, Su H, Yang S, Gu X, Zhang Z, Zhao H. Enhanced Competitive Immunomagnetic Beads Assay Assisted with PAMAM-Gold Nanoparticles Multi-Enzyme Probes for Detection of Deoxynivalenol. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050536. [PMID: 37232897 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of deoxynivalenol (DON) in grains has attracted widespread concern. It is urgently needed to develop a highly sensitive and robust assay for DON high-throughput screening. Antibody against DON was assembled on the surface of immunomagnetic beads orientationally by the aid of Protein G. AuNPs were obtained under the scaffolding of poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM). DON-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was combined on the periphery of AuNPs/PAMAM by a covalent link to develop DON-HRP/AuNPs/PAMAM. Magnetic immunoassay based on DON-HRP/AuNPs/PAMAM was optimized and that based on DON-HRP/AuNPs and DON-HRP was adopted as comparison. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.447 ng/mL, 0.127 ng/mL and 0.035 ng/mL for magnetic immunoassays based on DON-HRP, DON-HRP/Au and DON-HRP/Au/PAMAM, respectively. Magnetic immunoassay based on DON-HRP/AuNPs/PAMAM displayed higher specificity towards DON and was utilized to analyze grain samples. The recovery for the spiked DON in grain samples was 90.8-116.2% and the method presented a good correlation with UPLC/MS. It was found that the concentration of DON was in the range of ND-3.76 ng/mL. This method allows the integration of dendrimer-inorganic NPs with signal amplification properties for applications in food safety analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zeng
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hao Su
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinkai Gu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, 100 Minjiang Ave, Quzhou 324000, China
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Gab-Allah MA, Choi K, Kim B. Type B Trichothecenes in Cereal Grains and Their Products: Recent Advances on Occurrence, Toxicology, Analysis and Post-Harvest Decontamination Strategies. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:85. [PMID: 36828399 PMCID: PMC9963506 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol) and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3G) are secondary toxic metabolites produced mainly by mycotoxigenic Fusarium fungi and have been recognized as natural contaminants in cereals and cereal-based foods. The latest studies have proven the various negative effects of type B trichothecenes on human health. Due to the widespread occurrence of Fusarium species, contamination by these mycotoxins has become an important aspect for public health and agro-food systems worldwide. Hence, their monitoring and surveillance in various foods have received a significant deal of attention in recent years. In this review, an up-to-date overview of the occurrence profile of major type B trichothecenes and DON-3G in cereal grains and their toxicological implications are outlined. Furthermore, current trends in analytical methodologies for their determination are overviewed. This review also covers the factors affecting the production of these mycotoxins, as well as the management strategies currently employed to mitigate their contamination in foods. Information presented in this review provides good insight into the progress that has been achieved in the last years for monitoring type B trichothecenes and DON-3G, and also would help the researchers in their further investigations on metabolic pathway analysis and toxicological studies of these Fusarium mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Gab-Allah
- Organic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Reference Materials Lab, National Institute of Standards, P.O. Box 136, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Kihwan Choi
- Organic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjoo Kim
- Organic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Lin XW, Li FL, Wang S, Xie J, Pan QN, Wang P, Xu CH. A Novel Method Based on Multi-Molecular Infrared (MM-IR) AlexNet for Rapid Detection of Trace Harmful Substances in Flour. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Reliable and Accessible Method for Trichothecenes Type B Determination in Oat Products. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Camardo Leggieri M, Mazzoni M, Bertuzzi T, Moschini M, Prandini A, Battilani P. Electronic Nose for the Rapid Detection of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat Using Classification and Regression Trees. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090617. [PMID: 36136555 PMCID: PMC9506558 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin represents a significant concern for the safety of food and feed products, and wheat represents one of the most susceptible crops. To manage this issue, fast, reliable, and low-cost test methods are needed for regulated mycotoxins. This study aimed to assess the potential use of the electronic nose for the early identification of wheat samples contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON) above a fixed threshold. A total of 214 wheat samples were collected from commercial fields in northern Italy during the periods 2014−2015 and 2017−2018 and analyzed for DON contamination with a conventional method (GC-MS) and using a portable e-nose “AIR PEN 3” (Airsense Analytics GmbH, Schwerin, Germany), equipped with 10 metal oxide sensors for different categories of volatile substances. The Machine Learning approach “Classification and regression trees” (CART) was used to categorize samples according to four DON contamination thresholds (1750, 1250, 750, and 500 μg/kg). Overall, this process yielded an accuracy of >83% (correct prediction of DON levels in wheat samples). These findings suggest that the e-nose combined with CART can be an effective quick method to distinguish between compliant and DON-contaminated wheat lots. Further validation including more samples above the legal limits is desirable before concluding the validity of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Camardo Leggieri
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzoni
- Department of Livestock Population Genomics, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraβe 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Terenzio Bertuzzi
- Department of Animal Science, Food, and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moschini
- Department of Animal Science, Food, and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Department of Animal Science, Food, and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paola Battilani
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via E. Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0523-599254
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12
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Kumar D, Yadav GP, Dalbhagat CG, Mishra HN. Effects of Cold Plasma on Food Poisoning Microbes and Food Contaminants including Toxins and Allergens: A Review. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Kumar
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - Gorenand Prasad Yadav
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - Chandrakant Genu Dalbhagat
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - Hari Niwas Mishra
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
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13
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Zhang Z, Cai Y, Fan K, Huang Q, Zhao X, Cao H, Zhao Z, Tangni EK, Han Z. Development of a reliable UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of zearalenone and zearalenone-14-glucoside in various feed products. Front Chem 2022; 10:955266. [PMID: 36034652 PMCID: PMC9399508 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.955266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A reliable ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (UHPLC-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of two mycotoxins, that is, zearalenone (ZEN) and zearalenone-14-glucoside (ZEN-14G) in formula feed, concentrated feed, and premixed feed products. An improved sample pretreatment was achieved with the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) cartridges efficiently removing the impurities and enriching the target analytes in different feeds. The critical parameters affecting the performance of the solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure were carefully optimized, and 20% acetonitrile in water as the loading solution, 50% methanol in water as the washing solvent, and 5 ml of methanol as the elution solvent yielded the optimal purification efficiencies. The established method was thoroughly validated in terms of linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.999), sensitivity (limit of quantification in the range of 0.50-5.00 μg kg-1), recovery (89.35 ± 2.67% to 110.93 ± 1.56%), and precision (RSD, 3.00-14.20%), and it was then successfully applied to investigate a total of 60 feed samples. Among them, 50 samples were found to be contaminated with ZEN (an incidence of 83.3%) at levels ranging from 0.63 to 615.24 μg kg-1, whereas 22 samples were contaminated with ZEN-14G (an incidence of 36.7%) in the range of 0.89-15.31 μg kg-1. The developed method proved to be a specific and reliable tool for intensive monitoring of ZEN and ZEN-14G in complex feed matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Zhang
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaling Cai
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwen Huang
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuying Zhao
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Cao
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Emmanuel K. Tangni
- Organic Contaminants and Additives, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zheng Han
- Institute for Agro-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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14
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Lin X, Li C, Meng X, Yu W, Duan N, Wang Z, Wu S. CRISPR-Cas12a-mediated luminescence resonance energy transfer aptasensing platform for deoxynivalenol using gold nanoparticle-decorated Ti 3C 2T x MXene as the enhanced quencher. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128750. [PMID: 35364533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a typical mycotoxin in cereals and poses tremendous threats to the ecological environment and public health. Therefore, exploiting sensitive and robust analytical methods for DON is particularly important. Here, we fabricated a CRISPR-Cas12a-mediated luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) aptasensor to detect DON by using single-stranded DNA modified upconversion nanoparticles (ssDNA-UCNPs) as anti-interference luminescence labels and gold nanoparticle-decorated Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets (MXene-Au) as enhanced quenchers. The DON aptamer can activate the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a to indiscriminately cut nearby ssDNA-UCNPs into small fragments, which prevents ssDNA-UCNPs from adsorbing onto MXene-Au, and the upconversion luminescence (UCL) remains. Upon the binding of the aptamer with DON, the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a was suppressed, and the ssDNA-UCNPs were not cleaved and easily adsorbed onto MXene-Au, which caused UCL quenching. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection was determined to be 0.64 ng/mL with a linear range of 1 - 500 ng/mL. In addition, the sensor was successfully applied to detect DON in corn flour and Tai Lake water with recoveries of 96.2 - 105% and 95.2 - 104%, respectively. This platform achieves a sensitive and specific analysis of DON and greatly broadens the detection range of CRISPR-Cas sensors for non-nucleic acids hazards in the environment and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Changxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiangyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenyan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Nuo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shijia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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15
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Yang Z, Zhang W, Yin Y, Fang W, Xue H. Metal-organic framework-based sensors for the detection of toxins and foodborne pathogens. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Borba VSD, Furlong VB, Cerqueira MBR, Badiale-Furlong E. Fate of trichothecenes B in rice and parboiling process as a mitigation strategy. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Rajput SA, Liang SJ, Wang XQ, Yan HC. Lycopene Protects Intestinal Epithelium from Deoxynivalenol-Induced Oxidative Damage via Regulating Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091493. [PMID: 34573125 PMCID: PMC8466454 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a threatening mycotoxin primarily present in the agricultural environment, especially in food commodities and animal forages, and exerts significant global health hazards. Lycopene (LYC) is a potent antioxidant carotenoid mainly present in tomatoes and other fruits with enormous health benefits. The present study was designed to ascertain whether LYC could protect DON-induced intestinal epithelium oxidative injury by regulating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling in the intestine of mice. A total of forty-eight mice were randomly distributed into four groups (n = 12), Control (CON), 10 mg/kg BW LYC, 3 mg/kg BW DON, and 3 mg/kg DON + 10 mg/kg LYC BW (DON + LYC). The experimental groups were treated by intragastric administration for 11 days. Our results showed that LYC significantly increased average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and repaired intestinal injury and barrier dysfunction, as evident by increased trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and decreased diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, as well as up-regulated tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1) under DON exposure. Furthermore, LYC treatment stabilized the functions of intestinal epithelial cells (Lgr5, PCNA, MUC2, LYZ, and Villin) under DON exposure. Additionally, LYC alleviated DON-induced oxidative stress by reducing ROS and MDA accumulation and enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, T-SOD, T-AOC, and GSH-Px), which was linked with the activation of Nrf2 signaling and degradation of Keap1 expression. Conclusively, our findings demonstrated that LYC protects intestinal epithelium from oxidative injury by modulating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway under DON exposure. These novel findings could lead to future research into the therapeutic use of LYC to protect the DON-induced harmful effects in humans and/or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiu-Qi Wang
- Correspondence: (X.-Q.W.); (H.-C.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-20-38295462 (X.-Q.W.)
| | - Hui-Chao Yan
- Correspondence: (X.-Q.W.); (H.-C.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-20-38295462 (X.-Q.W.)
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18
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Cao M, Li Q, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhai H, Ma J, Sun L, Wan X, Tang Y. Determination of Deoxynivalenol and Its Derivative in Corn Flour and Wheat Flour Using Automated On-line Solid-Phase Extraction Combined with LC-MS/MS. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:248-254. [PMID: 32591852 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02920-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An automated on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with LC-MS/MS method was developed for determination of deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyl-DON and 15-acetyl-DON in corn flour and wheat flour samples. The extraction solvent of the samples was injected into the automated on-line SPE system to remove matrix interference. After washing step, the targets were eluted from the SPE cartridge into liquid chromatography (LC) column. Several SPE parameters including injection volume, elution volume and eluting flow rate were assessed and optimized. Method validation was evaluated and good linearity was obtained (R2 > 99%) with the limit of detection of 0.1-0.2 μg/kg. Recoveries were evaluated in spiked corn flour and wheat flour samples at three concentrations and the values ranged from 86.5% to 99.7%. The benefit of the present method with automated on-line SPE system is the ability to inject directly pure extracts into LC-MS/MS, offering faster analyses and improving analysis efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Cao
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Hongwen Zhai
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Junmei Ma
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, China
| | - Xianghong Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yiwei Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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19
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Zhou S, Xu L, Kuang H, Xiao J, Xu C. Fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic sensor for ultrasensitive monitoring deoxynivalenol in agricultural products. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Kadlček L, Nováková E, Šafránková I, Pokorný R, Horký P, Jiroušek M, Winkler J. The Spectrum of Weed Species and Fungal Pathogens in Stands of Alternative Fodder Crop Lolium Multiflorum Var. Westerwoldicum Growing up in a Drought-Prone Area in the Czech Republic. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun.2021.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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21
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Zhuang K, Zhang C, Zhang W, Xu W, Tao Q, Wang G, Wang Y, Ding W. Effect of different ozone treatments on the degradation of deoxynivalenol and flour quality in Fusarium-contaminated wheat. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2020.1849406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guozheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bulk Grain and Oil Deep Processing Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Mwihia EW, Lyche JL, Mbuthia PG, Ivanova L, Uhlig S, Gathumbi JK, Maina JG, Eshitera EE, Eriksen GS. Co-Occurrence and Levels of Mycotoxins in Fish Feeds in Kenya. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E627. [PMID: 33008105 PMCID: PMC7600487 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined the presence, levels and co-occurrence of mycotoxins in fish feeds in Kenya. Seventy-eight fish feeds and ingredients were sampled from fish farms and fish feed manufacturing plants and analysed for 40 mycotoxins using high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Twenty-nine (73%) mycotoxins were identified with 76 (97%) samples testing positive for mycotoxins presence. Mycotoxins with the highest prevalences were enniatin B (91%), deoxynivalenol (76%) and fumonisin B1 (54%) while those with the highest maximum levels were sterigmatocystin (<30.5-3517.1 µg/kg); moniliformin (<218.9-2583.4 µg/kg) and ergotamine (<29.3-1895.6 µg/kg). Mycotoxin co-occurrence was observed in 68 (87%) samples. Correlations were observed between the fumonisins; enniatins B and zearalenone and its metabolites. Fish dietary exposure estimates ranged between <0.16 and 43.38 µg/kg body weight per day. This study shows evidence of mycotoxin presence and co-occurrence in fish feeds and feed ingredients in Kenya. Fish exposure to these levels of mycotoxins over a long period of time may lead to adverse health effects due to their possible additive, synergistic or antagonist toxic effects. Measures to reduce fish feed mycotoxin contamination should be taken to avoid mycotoxicosis in fish and subsequently in humans and animals through residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evalyn Wanjiru Mwihia
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton 20115, Kenya
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 8146, 0454 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi 00625, Kenya; (P.G.M.); (J.K.G.)
| | - Jan Ludvig Lyche
- Department of Food Safety and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 8146, 0454 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Paul Gichohi Mbuthia
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi 00625, Kenya; (P.G.M.); (J.K.G.)
| | - Lada Ivanova
- Toxinology Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, Pb 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway; (L.I.); (S.U.)
| | - Silvio Uhlig
- Toxinology Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, Pb 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway; (L.I.); (S.U.)
| | - James K. Gathumbi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi 00625, Kenya; (P.G.M.); (J.K.G.)
| | - Joyce G. Maina
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Kangemi 00625, Kenya;
| | - Eric Emali Eshitera
- Department of Animal Health and Production, School of Natural Resource and Animal Sciences, Maasai Mara University, P.O. Box 861, Narok 20500, Kenya;
| | - Gunnar Sundstøl Eriksen
- Toxinology Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, Pb 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway; (L.I.); (S.U.)
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23
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Gonçalves C, Mischke C, Stroka J. Determination of deoxynivalenol and its major conjugates in cereals using an organic solvent-free extraction and IAC clean-up coupled in-line with HPLC-PCD-FLD. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1765-1776. [PMID: 32870740 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1800829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A method for the determination of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its major conjugates in cereals was developed including an immunoaffinity column (IAC) clean-up coupled in-line with high-performance liquid chromatography, post-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection. An IAC for DON with cross-reactivity to 15-AcDON, 3-AcDON and DON-3-G enabled this approach. The isolated analytes were introduced into the chromatographic system without aliquotation employing the hot water elution technique, resulting in the desired low LOQ values for monitoring these analytes in cereals. The absence of any organic solvent during sample preparation in combination with an in-line IAC clean-up renders the method simple, fast, and environmentally friendly. Special attention was paid to inherent IACs properties such as cross-reactivity, analytes' competition and capacity. The method was applied to determine DON and its major conjugates in barley, wheat and maize in the range of 10-1000 µg kg-1 of DON, 10-300 µg kg-1 of DON-3-G and 15-AcDON and 10-100 µg kg-1 of 3-AcDON. The apparent recoveries varied from 87% to 110% (average of 98%) and the intermediate precision was below 13.5% RSD (except for DON-3-G in wheat). Fifteen maize, wheat and barley samples were analysed revealing levels of DON conjugates that accounted from 9% to 60% of the "total DON" content (m/m). In general, the frequency and the measured mass fractions decreased in the following order: DON>DON-3-G>15-AcDON>3-AcDON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gonçalves
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) , Geel, Belgium
| | - Carsten Mischke
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) , Geel, Belgium
| | - Joerg Stroka
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) , Geel, Belgium
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24
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Shi Y, Liu W, Zhao P, Liu C, Zheng L. Rapid and nondestructive determination of deoxynivalenol (DON) content in wheat using multispectral imaging (MSI) technology with chemometric methods. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3390-3396. [PMID: 32930227 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00859a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is susceptible to contamination by deoxynivalenol (DON) which is regarded as a class III carcinogen. In this paper, a rapid and nondestructive method for DON content determination and contamination degree discrimination in wheat was developed by using a multispectral imaging (405-970 nm) system. Genetic algorithm (GA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as preprocessing methods, were used to obtain the best spectral characteristics. The determination model was established by combining preprocessing methods and chemometric methods including partial least squares (PLS), support vector machines (SVM) and back propagation neural network (BPNN). The best quantitative determination result was obtained based on GA-SVM with a correlation coefficient of prediction (Rp), root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) of 0.9988, 365.3 μg kg-1 and 8.6, respectively. Furthermore, the accuracy of contamination degree classification was up to 94.29% in the prediction set by using the PCA-PLS model. The results showed that the combination of multispectral imaging technology and chemometrics was an effective and nondestructive method for the determination of DON in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yule Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Intelligent Control and Compute Vision Lab, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Pengguang Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Changhong Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
- Research Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Food Safety, Anhui Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System, Hefei, 230009, China
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25
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Ong CC, Siva Sangu S, Illias NM, Chandra Bose Gopinath S, Saheed MSM. Iron nanoflorets on 3D-graphene-nickel: A ‘Dandelion’ nanostructure for selective deoxynivalenol detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 154:112088. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Yan P, Liu Z, Liu S, Yao L, Liu Y, Wu Y, Gong Z. Natural Occurrence of Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives in Chinese Maize and Wheat Collected in 2017. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E200. [PMID: 32235760 PMCID: PMC7150931 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), along with 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON), occur in grains and cereal products and is often hazardous to humans and livestock. In this study, 579 wheat samples and 606 maize samples intended for consumption were collected from China in 2017 and analyzed to determine the co-occurrence of type-B trichothecenes (DON, 3-ADON, and 15-ADON). All the wheat samples tested positive for DON, while 99.83% of the maize samples were DON-positive with mean DON concentrations of 165.87 and 175.30 μg/kg, respectively. Per the Chinese standard limits for DON, 3.63% of wheat and 2.97% of the maize samples were above the maximum limit of 1000 μg/kg. The DON derivatives (3-ADON and 15-ADON) were less frequently found and were present at lower levels than DON in wheat. 3-ADON and 15-ADON had incidences of 13.53% and 76.40%, respectively, in maize. By analyzing the distribution ratio of DON and its derivatives in wheat and maize, DON (95.51%) was the predominant toxin detected in wheat samples, followed by 3.97% for the combination of DON + 3-ADON, while DON + 3-ADON + 15-ADON and DON + 15-ADON were only found in 0.17% and 0.35% of wheat samples, respectively. Additionally, a large amount of the maize samples were contaminated with DON + 15-ADON (64.19%) and DON (22.11%). The samples with a combination of DON + 3-ADON and DON + 3-ADON + 15-ADON accounted for 1.32% and 12.21%, respectively. Only one maize sample did not contain all three mycotoxins. Our study shows the necessity of raising awareness of the co-occurrence of mycotoxin contamination in grains from China to protect consumers from the risk of exposure to DON and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Yan
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhezhe Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shiqiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liyun Yao
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (P.Y.); (Z.L.); (S.L.); (L.Y.); (Y.L.)
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Pedroso Pereira LT, Putnik P, Tadashi Iwase CH, de Oliveira Rocha L. Deoxynivalenol: insights on genetics, analytical methods and occurrence. Curr Opin Food Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Jiang Q, Wu J, Yao K, Yin Y, Gong MM, Yang C, Lin F. Paper-Based Microfluidic Device (DON-Chip) for Rapid and Low-Cost Deoxynivalenol Quantification in Food, Feed, and Feed Ingredients. ACS Sens 2019; 4:3072-3079. [PMID: 31713421 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination causes over $5 billion of economic loss per year in the North American food and feed industry. A rapid, low-cost, portable, and reliable method for on-site detection of deoxynivalenol (DON), a representative mycotoxin predominantly occurring in grains, would be helpful to control mycotoxin contamination. In this study, a paper-based microfluidic chip capable of measuring DON (DON-Chip) in food, feed, and feed ingredients was developed. The DON-Chip incorporated a colorimetric competitive immunoassay into a paper microfluidic device and used gold nanoparticles as a signal indicator. Furthermore, a novel ratiometric analysis method was proposed to improve detection resolvability. Detection of DON in the aqueous extracts from solid food, feed, or feed ingredients was successfully validated with a detection range of 0.01-20 ppm (using dilution factors from 10 to 104). Compared with conventional methods, the DON-Chip method could greatly reduce the cost and time of mycotoxin detection in the food and feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P. R. China
| | | | - Kang Yao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, P. R. China
| | - Max M. Gong
- Bock Department of Biomedical Engineering, Trine University, One University Avenue, Angola, Indiana 46703, United States
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Stastny K, Stepanova H, Hlavova K, Faldyna M. Identification and determination of deoxynivalenol (DON) and deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) in pig colostrum and serum using liquid chromatography in combination with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS (HR)). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1126-1127:121735. [PMID: 31394401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common mycotoxins produced by field fungi (especially Fusarium). Contamination of livestock feed is a significant risk factor, especially for pigs that are highly susceptible to the toxic effects of deoxynivalenol. In this study, validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (U-HPLC) combined with a HR-Orbitrap-MS analysis method is described for the identification and quantitative determination of the mycotoxin compounds (DON and deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1)) in pig colostrum (milk) and serum. Pre-treatment of the samples involved a deproteinisation step with methanol followed by a purification step by solid phase extraction (HLB cartridges). The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with 1.7 μm-particle size using a water-methanol mobile phase. Detection of analytes was achieved on the tandem hybrid mass spectrometer Q Exactive, with a heated electrospray ionisation probe measured in positive mode (H-ESI+). For the confirmation of identification, a mass spectrometer was utilized in the full scan mode with resolving power (PR) = 140,000 (FWHM) and for quantification analysis, it was utilized in the parallel reaction monitoring mode (PRM). The method has been fully validated according to the requirements of Commission Decision 2002/657/EC for confirmatory analyses, plus the addition of a mass accuracy (MA) parameter. For the confirmation of the presence of these analytes in pig colostrum and serum, matching of the retention time with mass accuracy for the precursor ion from MS and product ions from MS/MS was used. A deuterium isotopically labelled internal standard and a matrix-matched calibration curve were employed for quantification. The linear range of quantification was 0.5-20 μg L-1 and the correlation coefficient (R2) was >0.999 for all calibrations. The limit of detection for DON and DOM-1 in colostrum was 0.48 μg L-1 and 0.54 μg L-1, respectively, and in serum 0.24 μg L-1 and 0.36 μg L-1, respectively. The limit of quantification for DON and DOM-1 in colostrum was 0.80 μg L-1 and 0.89 μg L-1, respectively, and in serum 0.39 μg L-1 and 0.60 μg L-1, respectively. The method was successfully evaluated using the obtained samples of pig colostrum and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Stastny
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, Brno 62100, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Stepanova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, Brno 62100, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Hlavova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, Brno 62100, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, Brno 62100, Czech Republic
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Kamle M, Mahato DK, Devi S, Lee KE, Kang SG, Kumar P. Fumonisins: Impact on Agriculture, Food, and Human Health and their Management Strategies. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E328. [PMID: 31181628 PMCID: PMC6628439 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11060328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fumonisins producing fungi, Fusarium spp., are ubiquitous in nature and contaminate several food matrices that pose detrimental health hazards on humans as well as on animals. This has necessitated profound research for the control and management of the toxins to guarantee better health of consumers. This review highlights the chemistry and biosynthesis process of the fumonisins, their occurrence, effect on agriculture and food, along with their associated health issues. In addition, the focus has been put on the detection and management of fumonisins to ensure safe and healthy food. The main focus of the review is to provide insights to the readers regarding their health-associated food consumption and possible outbreaks. Furthermore, the consumers' knowledge and an attempt will ensure food safety and security and the farmers' knowledge for healthy agricultural practices, processing, and management, important to reduce the mycotoxin outbreaks due to fumonisins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Kamle
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli-791109, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Dipendra K Mahato
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Sheetal Devi
- SAB Miller India Ltd., Sonipat, Haryana 131001, India.
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
| | - Sang G Kang
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
- Stemforce, 302 Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli-791109, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
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Prevalent Mycotoxins in Animal Feed: Occurrence and Analytical Methods. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050290. [PMID: 31121952 PMCID: PMC6563184 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, we have been witnessing a steady tendency in the increase of global demand for maize, wheat, soybeans, and their products due to the steady growth and strengthening of the livestock industry. Thus, animal feed safety has gradually become more important, with mycotoxins representing one of the most significant hazards. Mycotoxins comprise different classes of secondary metabolites of molds. With regard to animal feed, aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, and zearalenone are the more prevalent ones. In this review, several constraints posed by these contaminants at economical and commercial levels will be discussed, along with the legislation established in the European Union to restrict mycotoxins levels in animal feed. In addition, the occurrence of legislated mycotoxins in raw materials and their by-products for the feeds of interest, as well as in the feeds, will be reviewed. Finally, an overview of the different sample pretreatment and detection techniques reported for mycotoxin analysis will be presented, the main weaknesses of current methods will be highlighted.
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Ochoa Sanabria C, Hogan N, Madder K, Gillott C, Blakley B, Reaney M, Beattie A, Buchanan F. Yellow Mealworm Larvae ( Tenebrio molitor) Fed Mycotoxin-Contaminated Wheat-A Possible Safe, Sustainable Protein Source for Animal Feed? Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050282. [PMID: 31117211 PMCID: PMC6563207 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the potential for accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) in yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) reared on high DON Fusarium-infected wheat and investigate the effects on production, survival and nutritional traits. Wheat containing 200 μg/kg DON was used as the control diet. A different source of wheat was sorted into six fractions and mixed to obtain low (2000 μg/kg), medium (10,000 μg/kg) and high (12,000 μg/kg) levels of DON. Each diet was replicated five times with 300 or 200 mealworms per replicate for the feeding and breeding trials, respectively. Trial termination occurred when the first two pupae were observed (32–34 days). There was no difference in the concentrations of DON detected in the larvae between diets that ranged from 122 ± 19.3 to 136 ± 40.5 μg/kg (p = 0.88). Excretion of DON was 131, 324, 230 and 742 μg/kg for control, low, medium and high, respectively. Nutritional analysis of larvae showed maximum crude protein of 52% and crude fat of 36%. Ash, fiber, chitin, fatty-acids and amino-acid content were consistent across diets. Survival was greater than 96% for all life stages and average daily gain ranged from 1.9 ± 0.1 to 2.1 ± 0.1 mg/day per mealworm. Larvae accumulated low levels of DON from Fusarium-infected wheat diets suggesting contaminated wheat could be used to produce a sustainable, safe protein source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ochoa Sanabria
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Natacha Hogan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada.
| | - Kayla Madder
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Cedric Gillott
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | - Barry Blakley
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
| | - Martin Reaney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Aaron Beattie
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Fiona Buchanan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
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De Girolamo A, Cervellieri S, Cortese M, Porricelli ACR, Pascale M, Longobardi F, von Holst C, Ciaccheri L, Lippolis V. Fourier transform near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy as efficient tools for rapid screening of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1946-1953. [PMID: 30270446 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most common Fusarium mycotoxin occurring in wheat and wheat-derived products, with several adverse and toxic effects in animals and humans. Although bran fractions produced by milling wheat have numerous health benefits, cereal bran is the part of the grain with the highest concentration of DON, thus representing a risk for consumers. Increased efforts have been made to develop analytical methods suitable for rapid DON screening. RESULTS The applicability of Fourier transform near-infrared (FTNIR), or mid-infrared (FTMIR) spectroscopy, and their combination for rapid analysis of DON in wheat bran, was investigated for the classification of samples into compliant and non-compliant groups regarding the EU legal limit of 750 µg kg-1 . Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA) were employed as classification techniques using a cutoff value of 400 µg kg-1 DON to distinguish the two classes. Depending on the classification model, overall discrimination rates were from 87% to 91% for FTNIR and from 86% to 87% for the FTMIR spectral range. The FTNIR spectroscopy gave the highest overall classification rate of wheat bran samples, with no false compliant samples and 18% false noncompliant samples when the PC-LDA classification model was applied. The combination of the two spectral ranges did not provide a substantial improvement in classification results in comparison with FTNIR. CONCLUSIONS Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy in combination with classification models was an efficient tool to screen many DON-contaminated wheat bran samples and assess their compliance with EU regulations. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa De Girolamo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cervellieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Cortese
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Michelangelo Pascale
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Longobardi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Ciaccheri
- Institute of Applied Physics 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lippolis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
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Lippolis V, Cervellieri S, Damascelli A, Pascale M, Di Gioia A, Longobardi F, De Girolamo A. Rapid prediction of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran by MOS-based electronic nose and characterization of the relevant pattern of volatile compounds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:4955-4962. [PMID: 29577312 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin, mainly produced by Fusarium sp., most frequently occurring in cereals and cereal-based products. Wheat bran refers to the outer layers of the kernel, which has a high risk of damage due to chemical hazards, including mycotoxins. Rapid methods for DON detection in wheat bran are required. RESULTS A rapid screening method using an electronic nose (e-nose), based on metal oxide semiconductor sensors, has been developed to distinguish wheat bran samples with different levels of DON contamination. A total of 470 naturally contaminated wheat bran samples were analyzed by e-nose analysis. Wheat bran samples were divided in two contamination classes: class A ([DON] ≤ 400 µg kg-1 , 225 samples) and class B ([DON] > 400 µg kg-1 , 245 samples). Discriminant function analysis (DFA) classified wheat bran samples with good mean recognizability in terms of both calibration (92%) and validation (89%). A pattern of 17 volatile compounds of wheat bran samples that were associated (positively or negatively) with DON content was also characterized by HS-SPME/GC-MS. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the e-nose method could be a useful tool for high-throughput screening of DON-contaminated wheat bran samples for their classification as acceptable / rejectable at contamination levels close to the EU maximum limit for DON, reducing the number of samples to be analyzed with a confirmatory method. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Lippolis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cervellieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Damascelli
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Pascale
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Di Gioia
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa De Girolamo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
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Occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in cereal-based food products marketed through e-commerce stores and an assessment of dietary exposure of Chinese consumers to DON. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Xu JJ, Zhou J, Huang BF, Cai ZX, Xu XM, Ren YP. Simultaneous and rapid determination of deoxynivalenol and its acetylate derivatives in wheat flour and rice by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detection. J Sep Sci 2018; 39:2028-35. [PMID: 27059149 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A simple and reliable method of ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo-diode array detection has been proposed for the simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in wheat flour and rice, especially focusing on the optimization of sample extraction, cleanup, and chromatographic separation conditions. Sample pretreatment consisted of a first step using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe based extraction procedure and a subsequent cleanup step based on solid-phase extraction. The method was extensively validated in wheat flour and rice, obtaining satisfactory analytical performance with good linearity (R(2) ≥ 0.999), acceptable recoveries (80.0-104.4%), and repeatability (RSDs 1.3-10.7%). The limits of detection (21.7-57.4 μg/kg) and quantitation (72.3-191.4 μg/kg) for deoxynivalenols were lower than those usually permitted by various countries' legislation in these food matrices. The method was applied to 34 wheat and rice samples. The results were further compared with results of ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Xu
- Lab of Physicochemical Research, Department of Physicochemical & Toxicology, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bai-Fen Huang
- Lab of Physicochemical Research, Department of Physicochemical & Toxicology, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeng-Xuan Cai
- Lab of Physicochemical Research, Department of Physicochemical & Toxicology, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Min Xu
- Lab of Physicochemical Research, Department of Physicochemical & Toxicology, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi-Ping Ren
- Lab of Physicochemical Research, Department of Physicochemical & Toxicology, Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, China
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Rocha DFDL, Oliveira MDS, Furlong EB, Junges A, Paroul N, Valduga E, Backes GT, Zeni J, Cansian RL. Evaluation of the TLC quantification method and occurrence of deoxynivalenol in wheat flour of southern Brazil. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2017; 34:2220-2229. [PMID: 28786343 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1364872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated a QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) extraction method for use with a TLC quantification procedure for deoxynivalenol (DON). It also surveyed DON occurrence in wheat flour from the southern region of Brazil. Forty-eight wheat flour samples were analysed, divided into 2 different harvest lots, each consisting of 24 different brands. The detection and quantification limits of the method were 30 and 100 ng of DON on the TLC plate. The various concentrations of DON presented high linearity (R2 = 0.99). A negative matrix effect (-28%) of the wheat flour was verified, with suppression of the chromatographic signal of DON, and 80.2-105.4% recovery. The TLC method was reliable for DON evaluation, with a coefficient of variation of less than 10%. High-performance liquid chromatography of lot 2 samples confirmed the presence of DON in all samples identified DON-positive by the TLC technique. Of the 48 wheat flour samples in lots 1 and 2 analysed by TLC, 33.3 and 45.8% of the samples respectively were above the Brazilian legislation limit. Correlations were observed between the water activity and DON content, and between the fungal count and moisture content of the wheat flours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Felippin de Lima Rocha
- a Department of Food Technologyb Department of Chemistry and Foodc Department of Food Engineering , IFFarroupilha Campus Santo Augusto , Santo Augusto , Brazil
| | - Melissa Dos Santos Oliveira
- a Department of Food Technologyb Department of Chemistry and Foodc Department of Food Engineering , IFFarroupilha Campus Santo Augusto , Santo Augusto , Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale Furlong
- b Department of Chemistry and Food , Universidade Federal de Rio Grande (FURG) , Rio Grande , Brazil
| | - Alexander Junges
- c Department of Food Engineering , Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI-Erechim) , Erechim , Brazil
| | - Natalia Paroul
- c Department of Food Engineering , Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI-Erechim) , Erechim , Brazil
| | - Eunice Valduga
- c Department of Food Engineering , Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI-Erechim) , Erechim , Brazil
| | - Geciane Toniazzo Backes
- c Department of Food Engineering , Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI-Erechim) , Erechim , Brazil
| | - Jamile Zeni
- c Department of Food Engineering , Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI-Erechim) , Erechim , Brazil
| | - Rogério Luis Cansian
- c Department of Food Engineering , Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI-Erechim) , Erechim , Brazil
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Knutsen HK, Alexander J, Barregård L, Bignami M, Brüschweiler B, Ceccatelli S, Cottrill B, Dinovi M, Grasl-Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Hoogenboom LR, Nebbia CS, Oswald IP, Petersen A, Rose M, Roudot AC, Schwerdtle T, Vleminckx C, Vollmer G, Wallace H, De Saeger S, Eriksen GS, Farmer P, Fremy JM, Gong YY, Meyer K, Naegeli H, Parent-Massin D, Rietjens I, van Egmond H, Altieri A, Eskola M, Gergelova P, Ramos Bordajandi L, Benkova B, Dörr B, Gkrillas A, Gustavsson N, van Manen M, Edler L. Risks to human and animal health related to the presence of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated and modified forms in food and feed. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04718. [PMID: 32625635 PMCID: PMC7010102 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin primarily produced by Fusarium fungi, occurring predominantly in cereal grains. Following the request of the European Commission, the CONTAM Panel assessed the risk to animal and human health related to DON, 3-acetyl-DON (3-Ac-DON), 15-acetyl-DON (15-Ac-DON) and DON-3-glucoside in food and feed. A total of 27,537, 13,892, 7,270 and 2,266 analytical data for DON, 3-Ac-DON, 15-Ac-DON and DON-3-glucoside, respectively, in food, feed and unprocessed grains collected from 2007 to 2014 were used. For human exposure, grains and grain-based products were main sources, whereas in farm and companion animals, cereal grains, cereal by-products and forage maize contributed most. DON is rapidly absorbed, distributed, and excreted. Since 3-Ac-DON and 15-Ac-DON are largely deacetylated and DON-3-glucoside cleaved in the intestines the same toxic effects as DON can be expected. The TDI of 1 μg/kg bw per day, that was established for DON based on reduced body weight gain in mice, was therefore used as a group-TDI for the sum of DON, 3-Ac-DON, 15-Ac-DON and DON-3-glucoside. In order to assess acute human health risk, epidemiological data from mycotoxicoses were assessed and a group-ARfD of 8 μg/kg bw per eating occasion was calculated. Estimates of acute dietary exposures were below this dose and did not raise a health concern in humans. The estimated mean chronic dietary exposure was above the group-TDI in infants, toddlers and other children, and at high exposure also in adolescents and adults, indicating a potential health concern. Based on estimated mean dietary concentrations in ruminants, poultry, rabbits, dogs and cats, most farmed fish species and horses, adverse effects are not expected. At the high dietary concentrations, there is a potential risk for chronic adverse effects in pigs and fish and for acute adverse effects in cats and farmed mink.
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Peiris KHS, Dong Y, Davis MA, Bockus WW, Dowell FE. Estimation of the Deoxynivalenol and Moisture Contents of Bulk Wheat Grain Samples by FT-NIR Spectroscopy. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-11-16-0271-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamaranga H. S. Peiris
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, U.S.A
| | - Mark A. Davis
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A
| | - William W. Bockus
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A
| | - Floyd E. Dowell
- USDA-ARS, CGAHR, Stored Product Insect and Engineering Research Unit, Manhattan, KS, U.S.A. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer
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40
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Astoreca A, Ortega L, Fígoli C, Cardós M, Cavaglieri L, Bosch A, Alconada T. Analytical techniques for deoxynivalenol detection and quantification in wheat destined for the manufacture of commercial products. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2017. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2016.2121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The concern regarding toxicity from the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat that affects both economy and public health leads to the need to find appropriate detection methods for determining the degree of DON contamination in terms of the equipment available and the speed required for obtaining the incidence. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two alternative analytical techniques for DON quantification for use in the food industry with a reference technique. Samples of wheat and the commercial by-products were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet detector as the reference method and the results compared with those obtained from a rapid lateral-flow immunochromatographic device (Reveal Q+) and of a Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the HPLC and Reveal-Q+ data (0.45), although significant (P<0.0003), was lower than that obtained between HPLC and the FTIR method (0.94, P<0.0001). Both methods were considered efficient in quantifying DON levels in wheat-flour samples. This study was aimed at assisting the producers in choosing an appropriate tool for the purpose of analysis and upon consideration of the available equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Astoreca
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencia, Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 47 y 115, B1900ASH La Plata, Argentina
| | - L. Ortega
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencia, Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 47 y 115, B1900ASH La Plata, Argentina
| | - C. Fígoli
- CINDEFI, CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Laboratorio de Bioespectroscopía, calle 47 y 115, B1900ASH La Plata, Argentina
| | - M. Cardós
- Molino Campodónico, calle 58 No. 331, B1900BPM La Plata, Argentina
| | - L. Cavaglieri
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36 Km 601, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A. Bosch
- CINDEFI, CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Laboratorio de Bioespectroscopía, calle 47 y 115, B1900ASH La Plata, Argentina
| | - T. Alconada
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencia, Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 47 y 115, B1900ASH La Plata, Argentina
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Lu Y, Ma DY, Qi MG, Wang S. A competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the rapid detection of deoxynivalenol: development and application in agricultural products and feedstuff. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2017.1306491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dong-Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Mu Ge Qi
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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42
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Smeesters L, Meulebroeck W, Raeymaekers S, Thienpont H. Non-destructive detection of mycotoxins in maize kernels using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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Liu Y, Ran R, Hu C, Cui B, Xu Y, Liu H, Quan S, Li D, Li X, Wu Y, Zhang D, Shi J. The metabolic responses of HepG2 cells to the exposure of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2016. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2015.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As the number of reported deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination incidents increased steadily over the past decades, there has been a widespread interest in understanding the cellular mechanisms of the toxicological effects of DON using in vitro systems and omics technologies. The present investigation was conducted to understand the metabolomic changes in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) exposed to 10 μM DON for short term (4 h) and long term (12 h) periods, using a non-targeted metabolomics approach. Our results revealed a remarkable metabolic shift from short term to long term exposure to DON in HepG2 cells. Our metabolomics data also confirmed the role of DON induced oxidative stress in DON toxicity. Coupled with pattern recognition and pathway analysis, effects of DON on redox homeostasis, energy balance, lipid metabolism, and potential toxicological mechanisms were discussed, which would facilitate further studies on the risk assessment of the dietary mycotoxin DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
| | - R. Ran
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, H9X 3V9 Montreal, Canada
| | - C. Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
| | - B. Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200245, China P.R
| | - Y. Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
- College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201418, China P.R
| | - H. Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
| | - S. Quan
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
| | - D. Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
| | - X. Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China P.R
| | - Y. Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China P.R
| | - D. Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
- Plant Genomics Center, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, Australia
| | - J. Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University – University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China P.R
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Lu L, Seenivasan R, Wang YC, Yu JH, Gunasekaran S. An Electrochemical Immunosensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Mycotoxins Fumonisin B1 and Deoxynivalenol. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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He JW, Yang R, Zhou T, Boland GJ, Scott PM, Bondy GS. An epimer of deoxynivalenol: purification and structure identification of 3-epi-deoxynivalenol. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1523-30. [PMID: 26247304 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1072771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In an investigation of deoxynivalenol (DON)-transformation products by Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8, the major product was identified as 3-epi-DON. This DON-transformation product was analysed by liquid chromatography and identified by congruent retention time and UV/Vis spectrum, as well as mass spectrometric data. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments including correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) and nuclear overhauser effect (NOE) were conducted for structural characterisation of 3-epi-DON. High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was applied to scale up the separation of 3-epi-DON from DON in a D. mutans 17-2-E-8 culture. From the culture where 100 mg DON was applied, 56 mg of 3-epi-DON (purity of 96.8%) was obtained from the HSCCC. The purified 3-epi-DON will be used for toxicological characterisation studies of this chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wei He
- a Guelph Food Research Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph, ON , Canada
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Rodríguez-Carrasco Y, Fattore M, Albrizio S, Berrada H, Mañes J. Occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and their dietary intake through beer consumption by the European population. Food Chem 2015; 178:149-55. [PMID: 25704695 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Since cereals are raw materials for production of beer and beer-based drinks, the occurrence mycotoxins in 154 beer samples was topic of investigation in this study. The analyses were conducted using QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination. The analytical method showed recoveries for vast majority of analytes ranged from 70% to 110%, relative standard deviations lower than 15% and limits of detection from 0.05 to 8 μg/L. A significant incidence of HT-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) were found in 9.1% and 59.7% of total samples, respectively. The exposure of European population to mycotoxins through beer consumption was assessed. No toxicological concern was associated to mycotoxins exposure for average beer consumers. Despite that, for heavy beer drinkers, the contribution of this commodity to the daily intake is not negligible, approaching or even exceeding the safety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Margherita Fattore
- Consorzio Interuniversitario INBB, Viale Medaglie d'Oro, 305, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Albrizio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Houda Berrada
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Jordi Mañes
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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47
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Bolechová M, Benešová K, Běláková S, Čáslavský J, Pospíchalová M, Mikulíková R. Determination of seventeen mycotoxins in barley and malt in the Czech Republic. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Berthiller F, Brera C, Crews C, Iha M, Krsha R, Lattanzio V, MacDonald S, Malone R, Maragos C, Solfrizzo M, Stroka J, Whitaker T. Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2013-2014. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2014.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights developments in the determination of mycotoxins over a period between mid-2013 and mid-2014. It continues in the format of the previous articles of this series, emphasising on analytical methods to determine aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, ergot alkaloids, fumonisins, ochratoxins, patulin, trichothecenes and zearalenone. The importance of proper sampling and sample preparation is briefly addressed in a dedicated section, while another chapter summarises new methods used to analyse botanicals and spices. As LC-MS/MS instruments are becoming more and more widespread in the determination of multiple classes of mycotoxins, another section is focusing on such newly developed multi-mycotoxin methods. While the wealth of published methods during the 12 month time span makes it impossible to cover every single one, this exhaustive review nevertheless aims to address and briefly discuss the most important developments and trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Berthiller
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism and Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - C. Brera
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety — GMO and Mycotoxins Unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - C. Crews
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - M.H. Iha
- Laboratório I de Ribeiro Preto, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, CEP 14085-410, Ribeiro Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - R. Krsha
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Metabolism and Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - V.M.T. Lattanzio
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - S. MacDonald
- The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - R.J. Malone
- Trilogy Analytical Laboratory, 870 Vossbrink Dr, Washington, MO 63090, USA
| | - C. Maragos
- USDA, ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N University St, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - M. Solfrizzo
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Via Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - J. Stroka
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - T.B. Whitaker
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, N.C. State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
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Rapid analysis of deoxynivalenol in durum wheat by FT-NIR spectroscopy. Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:3129-43. [PMID: 25384107 PMCID: PMC4247249 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourier-transform-near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy has been used to develop quantitative and classification models for the prediction of deoxynivalenol (DON) levels in durum wheat samples. Partial least-squares (PLS) regression analysis was used to determine DON in wheat samples in the range of <50–16,000 µg/kg DON. The model displayed a large root mean square error of prediction value (1,977 µg/kg) as compared to the EU maximum limit for DON in unprocessed durum wheat (i.e., 1,750 µg/kg), thus making the PLS approach unsuitable for quantitative prediction of DON in durum wheat. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was successfully used to differentiate wheat samples based on their DON content. A first approach used LDA to group wheat samples into three classes: A (DON ≤ 1,000 µg/kg), B (1,000 < DON ≤ 2,500 µg/kg), and C (DON > 2,500 µg/kg) (LDA I). A second approach was used to discriminate highly contaminated wheat samples based on three different cut-off limits, namely 1,000 (LDA II), 1,200 (LDA III) and 1,400 µg/kg DON (LDA IV). The overall classification and false compliant rates for the three models were 75%–90% and 3%–7%, respectively, with model LDA IV using a cut-off of 1,400 µg/kg fulfilling the requirement of the European official guidelines for screening methods. These findings confirmed the suitability of FT-NIR to screen a large number of wheat samples for DON contamination and to verify the compliance with EU regulation.
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Pasquali M, Migheli Q. Genetic approaches to chemotype determination in type B-trichothecene producing Fusaria. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 189:164-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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