1
|
Guo R, Liang X, Su M, Yao B, Yan S, Han Y, Cui J. Occurrence, migration and health risks of fluorescent whitening agents and phthalates in bottled water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134631. [PMID: 38901257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and health risks of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) in bottled water were reported for the first time. FWA184 and FWA393 were the most frequently detected FWAs, with mean concentrations of 3.99-17.00 ng L-1. Phthalates (PAEs) such as dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were prevalent in bottled water, with mean levels of 40.89-716.66 ng L-1, and their concentrations in bottled water were much higher than those of FWAs. FWAs and PAEs in bottles and caps were extracted using organic solvent, and the correlation analysis showed that FWA393 and DEHP most likely originated from bottles, while bottle caps were the main sources of DBP and DiBP. The calculated risk quotients (RQs) of target substances and all age groups were considerably lower than the threshold of 0.1, indicating that consuming bottled water containing these plastic additives was unlikely to pose health risks for people of all ages. However, RQ values for underage people were several times higher than those for adults and hence cannot be neglected; therefore, special attention should be paid to understand the potential risks posed by the exposure to these plastic additives during early life stages, especially the infant stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyao Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaoge Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Mengfei Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yonghui Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Jiansheng Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Umeh OR, Ophori DU, Ibo EM, Eke CI, Oyen TP. Groundwater systems under siege: The silent invasion of microplastics and cock-tails worldwide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124305. [PMID: 38830527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) contamination is one of the significant escalating environmental concerns worldwide, and this stems from the increasing production and unlawful disposal of plastic materials. Regretfully, the synthesis of plastic materials is expected to triple in the upcoming years. Nevertheless, MPs pollution in marine, aquatic, and terrestrial settings has received much attention, unlike in groundwater systems. This study exhaustively reviewed varying degrees of recent publications in various search engines and provided a detailed state of current knowledge and research progress vis-à-vis MPs and cock-tail pollution in groundwater systems. Evidently, groundwater sources are severely contaminated as a result of growing anthropogenic activities and vertical movement of MPs and cock-tails from the atmospheric, terrestrial, and aquatic environments, however, fewer researchers have fixated their attention on estimating the occurrence of MPs in groundwater resources, while sufficient information regarding their sources, sampling methods, abundance, transport pathways, fate, modeling techniques, appropriate and adequate data, sorption properties, separation from other environmental media, toxicity, and remedial measures are extensively lacking. In addition, MPs may combine with other toxic emerging contaminants to improve migration and toxicity; however, no research has been conducted to fully understand cock-tail migration mechanisms and impacts in groundwater systems. Over time, groundwater may be regarded as the primary sink for MPs, if effective actions are neglected. Overall, this study detected a lack of concern and innumerable voids in this field; hence, vital and nascent research gaps were identified for immediate, advanced, and interdisciplinary research investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odera R Umeh
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Duke U Ophori
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Eziafakaego M Ibo
- Department of Environmental Management, Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute, Ibadan, Oyo State, 200002, Nigeria.
| | - Chima I Eke
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Toritseju P Oyen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alijagic A, Suljević D, Fočak M, Sulejmanović J, Šehović E, Särndahl E, Engwall M. The triple exposure nexus of microplastic particles, plastic-associated chemicals, and environmental pollutants from a human health perspective. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108736. [PMID: 38759545 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) is increasing at a dramatic rate globally, posing risks for exposure and subsequent potential adverse effects on human health. Apart from being physical objects, MP particles contain thousands of plastic-associated chemicals (i.e., monomers, chemical additives, and non-intentionally added substances) captured within the polymer matrix. These chemicals are often migrating from MPs and can be found in various environmental matrices and human food chains; increasing the risks for exposure and health effects. In addition to the physical and chemical attributes of MPs, plastic surfaces effectively bind exogenous chemicals, including environmental pollutants (e.g., heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants). Therefore, MPs can act as vectors of environmental pollution across air, drinking water, and food, further amplifying health risks posed by MP exposure. Critically, fragmentation of plastics in the environment increases the risk for interactions with cells, increases the presence of available surfaces to leach plastic-associated chemicals, and adsorb and transfer environmental pollutants. Hence, this review proposes the so-called triple exposure nexus approach to comprehensively map existing knowledge on interconnected health effects of MP particles, plastic-associated chemicals, and environmental pollutants. Based on the available data, there is a large knowledge gap in regard to the interactions and cumulative health effects of the triple exposure nexus. Each component of the triple nexus is known to induce genotoxicity, inflammation, and endocrine disruption, but knowledge about long-term and inter-individual health effects is lacking. Furthermore, MPs are not readily excreted from organisms after ingestion and they have been found accumulated in human blood, cardiac tissue, placenta, etc. Even though the number of studies on MPs-associated health impacts is increasing rapidly, this review underscores that there is a pressing necessity to achieve an integrated assessment of MPs' effects on human health in order to address existing and future knowledge gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andi Alijagic
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Damir Suljević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Muhamed Fočak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jasmina Sulejmanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Elma Šehović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71 000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Eva Särndahl
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre (iRiSC), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Magnus Engwall
- Man-Technology-Environment Research Center (MTM), Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai R, Fan R, Xie C, Liu Q, Liu Q, Yan C, Cui J, He W. Microplastics are overestimated due to poor quality control of reagents. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132068. [PMID: 37494798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are widely distributed in the environment and pose potential ecological risks, increasing to be one of the most important environmental pollutants. However, when assessing the characteristics of microplastic contamination in environmental samples, inadequate quality control measures for the working solutions may introduce additional microplastic contamination and lead to an overestimation of microplastic abundance in the samples. In this study, we evaluated the microplastic contamination characteristics in commonly used flotation and digestion reagents to assess errors caused by microplastics in the reagents. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in the reagents ranged from 0.8 to 43.4 items/g, with the abundance of microplastics in flotation reagents being lower than that in digestion reagents. The shapes of the detected microplastics included particles, fibers, and fragments, and their size and outline were generally small, with most being below 100 µm. The most common types of polymers detected were polyethylene and polypropylene. In order to improve the universality and readability of the results, the detected microplastic abundances were converted into the actual application concentration of the working fluid. It was found that the potential contamination of microplastics in untreated flotation solutions ranged from 1.5 to 30.8 items/mL, while in digestion solutions ranged from 0.1 to 2.3 items/mL. Our study emphasizes the need for quality control measures, such as suction filtration, when evaluating microplastics in environmental samples or conducting chemical and biological tests related to microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runhao Bai
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruiqi Fan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changhong Xie
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changrong Yan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jixiao Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Institute of Western Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Wenqing He
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Institute of Western Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, Xinjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nacaratte F, Cuevas P, Becerra-Herrera M, Manzano CA. Early screening of suspected microplastics in bottled water in the Santiago Metropolitan Region of Chile. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122118. [PMID: 37414125 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Bottled water has emerged as a possible healthier alternative due to concerns about the quality of drinking water sources. However, recent studies have detected worrying concentrations of environmental contaminants in bottled water, including microplastics. Therefore, it is an emerging need to quantify their concentrations in local suppliers which could differ among countries and regions. In this work, we used fluorescence microscopy with Nile Red for the identification and quantification of potential microplastics in twelve brands of bottled water distributed in the Santiago Metropolitan Region of Chile. The average concentration of microplastics was 391 ± 125 p L-1, while the highest concentration observed was 633 ± 33 p L-1. Microplastics between 5 and 20 μm were the major contributors, a size fraction that has been reported to be susceptible to accumulate in the digestive tract or generate potential alterations in the lymphatic and circulatory systems. The estimated daily intake value for per capita was estimated to be 229 p kg-1 year-1 for people weighing 65 kg and 198 p kg-1 year-1 for those weighing 75 kg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fallon Nacaratte
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, RM, Chile.
| | - Paula Cuevas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, RM, Chile
| | | | - Carlos A Manzano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, RM, Chile; School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li T, Zhang W, Yu H, Hai C, Wang Y, Yu S, Tsedevdorj SO. Research status and prospects of microplastic pollution in lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:485. [PMID: 36933078 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11043-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging pollutant, microplastics have attracted widespread concern around the world. Research on microplastics was first conducted in oceans, and in recent years, inland water, especially lakes, has gradually become a hot spot. This paper systematically reviews the sampling, separation, purification, and identification technologies used to assess microplastics in lakes and summarizes the occurrence of lake microplastics worldwide. The results show that microplastics are widespread in lake water and sediment. There are obvious geographical differences in the occurrence of microplastics. The abundance of microplastics in different lakes varies greatly. The forms are mostly fibrous and fragments, and the main polymers are polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE). Previous papers have failed to comment in as much detail on the microplastic sampling techniques employed within lake systems. The sampling and analysis methods are critical to accurately evaluating contamination results. Due to the widespread presence of microplastics and the lack of uniform standards, there are various sampling methods. Trawls and grabs are most widely used in the sampling of lake water bodies and sediment, and sodium chloride and hydrogen peroxide are the most widely used media for flotation and digestion, respectively. In the future, it will be critical to establish unified standards for lake microplastic sampling and analysis technology, further explore the migration mechanism of microplastics in lake systems, and pay attention to the impact of microplastics on lake ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- School of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- School of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China.
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Chunxing Hai
- School of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Shan Yu
- School of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China
| | - Ser-Od Tsedevdorj
- Department of Geography, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mongolian National University of Education, Ulaanbaatar, 14191, Mongolia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lofty J, Ouro P, Wilson CAME. Microplastics in the riverine environment: Meta-analysis and quality criteria for developing robust field sampling procedures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160893. [PMID: 36516921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Current sampling approaches for quantifying microplastics (MP) in the riverine water column and riverbed are unstandardised and fail to document key river properties that impact on the hydrodynamic and transport processes of MP particles, hindering our understanding of MP behaviour in riverine systems. Using ten criteria based on the reportage of the catchment area, river characteristics of sampling sites and approach, we reviewed the sampling procedures employed in 36 field-based river studies that quantify MP presence in the water column and benthic sediment. Our results showed that a limited number of studies conducted reliable sampling procedures in accordance with the proposed quality criteria, with 35 of the 36 studies receiving a score of zero for at least one criterion, indicating the omission of critical information relating to the study's sample size and the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the sampled river. On the other hand, a good number of studies adequately documented the spatial information of the sampling sites, the vertical location of sample collection, and sampling equipment used. An idealised MP sampling approach is presented to ensure that future studies are harmonised and variables underpinning MP transport in rivers are reported. In addition, a meta-analysis on MP particle characteristics from these studies found that concentrations in the riverine water column and benthic sediment are highly variable, varying by five and seven orders of magnitude respectively, and are heavily dependent on the sampling equipment used. Polypropylene (PP), polyethene, (PE), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were the most frequently reported MP polymers, while irregular-shaped particles, fibres, spheres, and films were the most commonly reported shapes in the river studies. These results highlight the urgent need to standardise sampling procedures and include key contextual information to improve our understanding of MP behaviour and transport in the freshwater environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lofty
- Hydro-Environmental Research Centre, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales, UK
| | - P Ouro
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - C A M E Wilson
- Hydro-Environmental Research Centre, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiao X, Liu X, Mei T, Xu M, Lu Z, Dai H, Pi F, Wang J. Estimation of contamination level in microplastic-exposed crayfish by laser confocal micro-Raman imaging. Food Chem 2022; 397:133844. [PMID: 35932688 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Crayfish is one of the most important freshwater aquaculture species in China. The potential risks of crayfish consumption caused by environmental microplastic pollution have attracted much attention. In this study, a total of 72 crayfish samples were exposed to the microplastic concentrations of 1 mg/L, 3 mg/L, and 9 mg/L for 7, 14, and 28 days, and microplastic contamination levels in crayfish were then explored by laser confocal micro-Raman (LCM-Raman) imaging and scanning electron microscope (SEM). LCM-Raman imaging showed better performance in microplastics identification. Besides, the average percentage of the contaminated area in visualized LCM-Raman images was used to quantitatively assess contamination levels. Following 28 days of exposure to 9 mg/L microplastics, microplastic accumulation reached about 13,000 particles per crayfish. The results confirmed that LCM-Raman imaging combined with image processing technology could be used to construct a high-performance analytical strategy for the assessment of microplastic contamination in crayfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Wuhan 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingna Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Wuhan 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiahua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Wuhan 430023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mei T, Wang J, Xiao X, Lv J, Li Q, Dai H, Liu X, Pi F. Identification and Evaluation of Microplastics from Tea Filter Bags Based on Raman Imaging. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182871. [PMID: 36140997 PMCID: PMC9497986 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) contamination is a public issue for the environment and for human health. Plastic-based food filter bags, including polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, nylon 6 (NY6), and polyethylene, are widely used for soft drink sub-packaging, increasing the risk of MPs in foods and the environment. Three types of commercially available filter bags, including non-woven and woven bags, were collected, and MPs released after soaking were mapped using Raman imaging combined with chemometrics. Compared with peak area imaging at a single characteristic peak, Raman imaging combined with direct classical least squares calculation was more efficient and reliable for identifying MP features. Up to 94% of the bags released MPs after soaking, and there was no significant correlation with soaking conditions. Most MPs were tiny fragments and particles, and a few were fibrous MPs 620–840 μm in size. Woven NY6 filter bags had the lowest risk of releasing MPs. Source exploration revealed that most MPs originated from fragments and particles adsorbed on the surface of bags and strings. The results of this study are applicable to filter bag risk assessment and provide scientific guidance for regulating MPs in food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingna Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Xiaofeng Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jingwen Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qiaocong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Huang Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sangkham S, Faikhaw O, Munkong N, Sakunkoo P, Arunlertaree C, Chavali M, Mousazadeh M, Tiwari A. A review on microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: Their occurrence, exposure routes, toxic studies, and potential effects on human health. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113832. [PMID: 35716489 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging environmental pollutants, having a major ecotoxicological concern to humans and many other biotas, especially aquatic animals. The physical and chemical compositions of MPs majorly determine their ecotoxicological risks. However, comprehensive knowledge about the exposure routes and toxic effects of MPs/NPs on animals and human health is not fully known. Here this review focuses on the potential exposure routes, human health impacts, and toxicity response of MPs/NPs on human health, through reviewing the literature on studies conducted in different in vitro and in vivo experiments on organisms, human cells, and the human experimental exposure models. The current literature review has highlighted ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contacts as major exposure routes of MPs/NPs. Further, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, inflammation, immune response, neurotoxicity, metabolic disruption, and ultimately affecting digestive systems, immunology, respiratory systems, reproductive systems, and nervous systems, as serious health consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarawut Sangkham
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Muang District, Phayao 56000, Thailand.
| | - Orasai Faikhaw
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Narongsuk Munkong
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Muang District, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Pornpun Sakunkoo
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Muang District, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Chumlong Arunlertaree
- Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Murthy Chavali
- Office of the Dean (Research) & Division of Chemistry, Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Alliance University, Chandapura-Anekal Main Road, Bengaluru 562106, Karnataka, India
| | - Milad Mousazadeh
- Student research committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ananda Tiwari
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shanmugam SD, Praveena SM, Sarkar B. Quality assessment of research studies on microplastics in soils: A methodological perspective. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134026. [PMID: 35189192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have become a global concern, and soil acts as a major sink for plastic pollution. Due to rapid development of soil microplastics research, various analysis methods have been developed, but require proper consistency and standard procedures. The objective of this study was to appraise a quality assessment concerning soil microplastics from a methodological perspective. Nine studies were selected for the quality assessment exercise based on methodological investigations on soil microplastics and were evaluated based on the adapted Criteria for Reporting and Evaluating Ecotoxicity Data (CRED) method. The highest score obtained by an individual study was 21 while the lowest was 14, leaving a wide score gap which indicated inconsistency amongst the studies. Criterion with the highest average score of 2.0 was obtained for sample size and data reporting. The lowest average score of 0.89 was for the negative control. In conclusion, the total average scores for all eleven criteria were 1.56. Current quality assessment perceived that there was room for improvement and betterment of quality assurance for studies on microplastics and a form of guideline on methodological aspects of soil microplastics studies. It was suggested that future microplastics studies should methodically include quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) protocols in every process to ensure that good quality data is produced and applied in the risk assessment process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamala Devi Shanmugam
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ateia M, Ersan G, Alalm MG, Boffito DC, Karanfil T. Emerging investigator series: microplastic sources, fate, toxicity, detection, and interactions with micropollutants in aquatic ecosystems - a review of reviews. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:172-195. [PMID: 35081190 PMCID: PMC9723983 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00443c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of review studies have been published focusing on microplastics (MPs) and their environmental impacts. With the microbiota colonization of MPs being firmly established, MPs became an important carrier for contaminants to step inside the food web all the way up to humans. Thus, the continuous feed of MPs into the ecosystem has sparked a multitude of scientific concerns about their toxicity, characterization, and interactions with microorganisms and other contaminants. The reports of common subthemes have agreed about many findings and research gaps but also showed contradictions about others. To unravel these equivocal conflicts, we herein compile all the major findings and analyze the paramount discrepancies among these review papers. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed all the highlights, research gaps, concerns, and future needs. The covered focus areas of MPs' literature include the sources, occurrence, fate, existence, and removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), toxicity, interaction with microbiota, sampling, characterization, data quality, and interaction with other co-contaminants. This study reveals that many mechanisms of MPs' behavior in aquatic environments like degradation and interaction with microbiota are yet to be comprehended. Furthermore, we emphasize the critical need to standardize methods and parameters for MP characterization to improve the comparability and reproducibility of the incoming research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ateia
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Gamze Ersan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA.
| | - Mohamed Gar Alalm
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal, H3C 3A7 Québec, Canada
- Department of Public Works Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Daria Camilla Boffito
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. CV Montréal, H3C 3A7 Québec, Canada
| | - Tanju Karanfil
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA.
| |
Collapse
|