1
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Gao F, Wang Y, Liu B, Du J, Wang T, Yu D. Quercetin on the properties of rice bran oil body: Focused surface charge, oxidative stability and digestive properties. Food Chem 2024; 455:139927. [PMID: 38843714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
To further enhance the stability of rice bran oil body (RBOB) emulsions, this study examined the impact of various concentrations of quercetin (QU) on the microstructure, rheological properties, oxidative stability, and digestive properties of RBOB emulsions. The results indicated that by incorporating QU concentration, the particle size of RBOB emulsions could be significantly reduced to 300 nm; QU could improve the surface hydrophobicity, the emulsifying activity index and emulsification stability index of RBOB emulsions of 550, 0.078 m2/g and 50.78 min, respectively; the storage stability of RBOB emulsions was further improved; the higher concentration of QU could delay the oxidation of RBOB emulsions, among which, the 500 μmol/L concentration inhibited the strongest effect of oil oxidation. It also improved the thermal stability of RBOB emulsions. After gastrointestinal digestion, the free fatty acids release rate of RBOB emulsions with QU addition decreased to 14.68%, and RBOB emulsions were slowly hydrolyzed. Therefore, adding QU to RBOB helps to improve its stability and delay digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yaguang Wang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Boyu Liu
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Du
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Dianyu Yu
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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2
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Barea P, Melgosa R, Benito-Román Ó, Illera AE, Beltrán S, Sanz MT. Green fractionation and hydrolysis of fish meal to improve their techno-functional properties. Food Chem 2024; 452:139550. [PMID: 38735108 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A green strategy employing water as solvent has been adopted to obtain protein hydrolysates from fish meal (FM), its water-soluble fraction (WSP), and its non-water-soluble fraction (NSP). The techno-functional properties of the hydrolysates have been investigated and compared to hydrolysates obtained with Alcalase®. In general, SWH hydrolysates presented higher content of free amino acids and higher degree of hydrolysis, which reflected on the molecular size distribution. However, Alcalase® hydrolysates presented better solubility (from 74 ± 4% for NSP at pH = 2 up to 99 ± 1% for WSP at pH = 4-7). According to fluorescence experiments, FM and NSP hydrolysates showed the highest surface hydrophobicity, which has been related to better emulsifying properties and higher emulsion stability. The emulsions stabilized with 2%wt. of SWH-treated NSP showed the smallest particle sizes, with D[4,3] = 155 nm at day 0, and good stability, with D[4,3] = 220 nm at day 7, proving that water fractionation followed by SWH treatment is a good method to improve the techno-functional properties of the hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Barea
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo Melgosa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Óscar Benito-Román
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Alba Esther Illera
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Sagrario Beltrán
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Sanz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science (Chemical Engineering Division), University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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3
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Kaynarca GB. Characterization and molecular docking of sustainable wine lees and gelatin-based emulsions: innovative fat substitution. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:7429-7440. [PMID: 38702916 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine how various amounts (0.00, 0.58, 1.52 and 4.50 g 100 g-1) of wine lees (WL), which contains numerous essential components, impact the emulsifying properties of fish gelatin (FG) at a low concentration (0.5 g 100 g-1) in the high-fat phase (65 g 100 g-1). This study conducted rheology, physicochemical technical and characterization analyses on the emulsions to provide sustainable and innovative approaches for spreadable oils. RESULTS The addition of WL to FG emulsions improved oxidative stability, emulsion stability and bioactive compounds. The zeta potential (-101 ± 5.62 mV) of 0.58 g 100 g-1 WL-containing emulsion (PE1) was found to be high, whereas particle size (347.6 ± 5.25 nm) and polydispersity index (0.50) were statistically low. It was also found that the addition of WL improved the intermolecular interactions, crystallinity and microstructural properties of the emulsions. All these results were supported by simulating the molecular configuration between FG and WL. The compounds gallic acid, caffeic acid, myricetin, quercetin and resveratrol showed a strong affinity to FG, with free binding energies of -5.50, -5.88, -6.53, -6.68 and -6.66 kcal mol-1, respectively. CONCLUSION As a result, WL-supported FG has the potential to be used as an alternative to egg proteins to develop sustainable low-cost spreadable emulsions. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Bedis Kaynarca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
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4
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Ma Z, Zhao J, Zou Y, Mao X. The enhanced affinity of moderately hydrolyzed whey protein to EGCG promotes the isoelectric separation and unlocks the protective effects on polyphenols. Food Chem 2024; 450:138833. [PMID: 38653053 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The instability and discoloration of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) constrain its application in functional dairy products. Concurrently, challenges persist in the separation and utilization of whey in the dairy industry. By harnessing the interactions between polyphenols and whey proteins or their hydrolysates, this study proposed a method that involved limited enzymatic hydrolysis followed by the addition of EGCG and pH adjustment around the isoelectric point to obtain whey protein hydrolysates (WPH)-EGCG. Over 92 % of protein-EGCG complexes recovered from whey while ensuring the preservation of α-lactalbumin. The combination between EGCG and WPH depended on hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, significantly enhanced the thermal stability and storage stability of EGCG. Besides, the intestinal phase retention rate of EGCG in WPH-EGCG complex was significantly increased by 23.67 % compared to free EGCG. This work represents an exploratory endeavor in the improvement of EGCG stability and expanding the utilization approaches of whey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiale Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Tianjin Haihe Dairy Co., LTD, China
| | - Xueying Mao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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5
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Zhang Y, Dong J, Wang F, Li Q, Fan Y, Zhao X, Hao L, Hou H. Stability of oil-in-water emulsion and immunomodulating activity in S180 tumor-bearing mice. J Food Sci 2024. [PMID: 39150694 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The stability and nutritional integrity of emulsions are susceptible to various factors including thermal treatment, solid-liquid ratio, and sterilization. In this study, the physicochemical stability and immunomodulatory activities of an oil-in-water emulsion containing immune peptides (TUFSE) were assessed through particle size, zeta potential, related cytokines, and so on. When the temperature was 70°C and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4, the emulsion revealed stability at high-pressure homogenization, with the small particle size. The loss rates of vitamins were 8.57%-62.26% in 6 months at 25°C. After treatment with cyclophosphamide (CTX), lymphocyte proliferation activity in TUFSE-H group increased (p < 0.05), and immune globulin levels were notably elevated (p < 0.05) in TUFSE groups compared to model group. It confirms the parameters of the emulsion, suggesting its ability to be prepared with minimal vitamin loss while simultaneously improving the disease status in CTX-treated tumor-bearing mice. It shows potential as an immune-enhancing supplement with significant potential value. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study validated the parameters of the oil-in-water emulsion and showed that it can be stably prepared with minor vitamin loss while simultaneously improving the disease status in CTX-treated tumor-bearing mice. TUFSE-H group exhibited a notable increase in lymphocytes proliferation activity, whereas serum cytokines and immune globulin levels were elevated compared to MC group, indicating its potential as an immune-enhancing supplement with substantial value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jingning Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - FeiFei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Li Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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6
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Li X, Wu Y, Guan W, Yang J, Wang Y. Epigallocatechin gallate modification of physicochemical, structural and functional properties of egg yolk granules. Food Chem 2024; 449:139279. [PMID: 38599106 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare protein-polyphenol covalent complexes by treating egg yolk granules (EYG) with alkali in the presence of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and characterize the physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of these covalent complexes. Results revealed that the optimal covalent binding occurred when the concentration of EGCG reached 0.15% (w/w), resulting in a grafting rate of 1.51 ± 0.03%. As the amount of EGCG increased, corresponding increases were observed in the particle size and ζ-potential of the complexes, thereby enhancing their stability. Furthermore, our analysis using fluorescence spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and SDS-PAGE collectively demonstrated the formation of a covalent complex between EYG and EGCG. Notably, the covalent complexes exhibited improved antioxidant activity and emulsifying properties. Overall, this study establishes a theoretical framework for the future practical application of EYG, emphasizing the potential of EGCG to modify its structural and functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Wenle Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Jianrong Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China
| | - Yuemeng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Yantai Institute of Technology, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China.
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7
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Tang T, Ninh Le T, Li J, Su Y, Gu L, Chang C, Yang Y. Immunomodulatory activity of ovotransferrin-chlorogenic acid complexes enhanced by high-intensity ultrasound (HIU): A structure-function relationship study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134635. [PMID: 39134190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) treatment on the physiochemical, conformational, and immunomodulatory activity of the OVT-CA complex, emphasizing the structure-function relationship. HIU treatment reduced particle size, improved dispersion, and increased electronegativity of the complex. It facilitated binding between OVT and CA, achieving a maximum degree of 45.22 mg/g CA grafting and reducing interaction time from 2 h to 15 min. HIU-induced cavitation and shear promoted the exposure of -SH and unfolding of OVT, leading to increased surface hydrophobicity of the complex and transformation of its structure from β-sheet to α-helix. Additionally, CA binds to OVT in the C-lobe region, and HIU treatment modulates the intermolecular forces governing the complex formation, particularly by reinforcing hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and introducing electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, HIU treatment increased the immunomodulatory activity of the complex, which was attributed to complex structural changes facilitating enhanced cell membrane affinity, antigen recognition, and B-cell epitope availability. Hierarchical cluster and Pearson correlation analysis confirmed that HIU treatment duration had a greater impact than power on both the structure and activity of the complex, and an optimal HIU treatment duration within 30 min was found to be crucial for activity enhancement. Moreover, structural changes, including ζ-potential, particle size/turbidity, and surface hydrophobicity, were closely correlated with immunomodulatory activity. This study highlights the potential application of HIU in developing protein-polyphenol immunomodulatory agents for public health and food nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, S14 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Thanh Ninh Le
- Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, S14 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore; Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Quyet Thang commune, Thai Nguyen city 24119, Viet Nam
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yujie Su
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Cuihua Chang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Yanjun Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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8
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Dai Y, Lu X, Li R, Li Y, Dong H, Zhu D, Cao Y, Zhou W, Li J. Effects of ultrasound treatment on the structure, function properties and in vitro digestion of Sipunculus nudus protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134422. [PMID: 39127287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Sipunculus nudus (S. nudus), an edible marine invertebrate, is rich in myofibrillar proteins. However, its extremely low water solubility and relatively firm texture limit its practical applications. This study aimed to investigate the consequences of different ultrasound amplitude treatments on the structure, functional properties, and digestive characteristics of S. nudus salt soluble protein (SSP). The results showed that ultrasound treatment significantly reduced the particle size, surface tension, and the unordered structure of SSP, while having not impact the zeta potential. Additionally, the results of infrared spectroscopy and intrinsic fluorescence spectrum revealed that ultrasound treatment enhanced the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction within the components of SSP, leading to a more compact and uniformly distributed protein structure. These changes increased the solubility (increased from 12.07 % to 37.59 %) and optimized the functional properties of SSP (foamability and emulsifiability). Further, the results of in vitro digestion simulation revealed that the antioxidant proteopeptides of SSP were mainly produced in the small intestine, with the ABTS+ radical scavenging capacity ranging from 140 to 170 μg Trolox/mL. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of the digestive fluid was enhanced with increasing ultrasound amplitude. This work linked structural changes in denatured proteins to their functional properties and digestive characteristics. This study provided a new direction for developing easily digestible food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Dai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xuli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Ruyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Haolan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Donghong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yupo Cao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Jihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, GuangDong 524001, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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9
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Wang Y, Guo M, Wu P, Fan K, Zhang W, Chen C, Ren F, Wang P, Luo J, Yu J. New insights into the destabilization of fat globules in ultra-instantaneous UHT milk induced by added plasmin: Molecular mechanisms and the effect of membrane structure on plasmin action. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 240:113987. [PMID: 38795586 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Residual plasmin activity in whole ultra-instantaneous UHT (UI-UHT) milk causes rapid fat rise during storage, seriously affecting consumers' purchase intentions. In this work, the molecular mechanisms underlying fat destabilization in whole UI-UHT milk by added plasmin were investigated based on the hydrolysis behavior of interfacial proteins. By using SDS-PAGE and peptidomic analysis, we found that the hydrolysis of interfacial proteins by plasmin led to a decrease in the amount and coverage of interfacial proteins and an increase in zeta-potential value, causing the flocculation and coalescence of fat globules. Moreover, the hydrolysis pattern varied in different categories of interfacial proteins by plasmin. In total, 125 peptides in all samples were identified. Plasmin tended to hydrolyze most major milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins into protein fragments (>10 kDa) rather than peptides (<10 kDa). In contrast, peptides derived from caseins were more preferentially identified within a relatively short incubation time. It was the co-hydrolysis of caseins and some major MFGM proteins as anchors that destroyed the stability of MFGM. Furthermore, studies on the effect of trilayer membrane structure remaining at the interface on the hydrolysis rate of major MFGM proteins by plasmin revealed that ADPH and BTN were very sensitive to plasmin action, while PAS 7 was very resistant to plasmin action. Overall, membrane structure reduced the susceptibility of some major MFGM proteins to plasmin and provided protective effects. Therefore, this study provided important insights into the hydrolysis behavior of interfacial proteins in whole UI-UHT milk induced by plasmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengyuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - PeiPei Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Ke Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410114, China.
| | - Jinghua Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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10
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Wang F, Li J, Qi Q, Mao Y, Yan X, Li X, Mu Y, Zhang H, Zhao C, Liu J. Structural, physicochemical and digestive properties of non-covalent and covalent complexes of ultrasound treated soybean protein isolate with soybean isoflavone. Food Res Int 2024; 189:114571. [PMID: 38876583 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The non-covalent and covalent complexes of ultrasound treated soybean protein isolate (SPI) and soybean isoflavone (SI) were prepared, and the structure, physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion characteristics of SPI-SI complexes were investigated. Ultrasonic treatment increased the non-covalent and covalent binding degree of SPI with SI, and the 240 W ultrasonic covalent complexes had higher binding efficiency. Appropriate ultrasonic treatment caused more uniform particle size distribution, lower average particle size and higher surface charge, which enhanced the free sulfhydryl groups and surface hydrophobicity, thus improving the stability, solubility and emulsifying properties of complexes. Ultrasonic treatment resulted in more disordered secondary structure, tighter tertiary conformation, higher thermal stability and stronger SPI-SI covalent interactions of complexes. These structural modifications of particles had important effects on the chemical stability and gastrointestinal digestion fate of SI. The ultrasonic covalent complexation had a greater resistance to heat-induced chemical degradation of SI and improved its chemical stability. Furthermore, the 240 W ultrasonic covalent complexes showed lower protein digestibility during digestion, and provided stronger protection for SI, which improved the digestion stability and antioxidant activity. Therefore, appropriate ultrasound promoted SPI-SI interactions to improve the stability and functional properties of complexes, which provided a theoretical basis for the development of new complexes and their applications in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Jinying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Qi Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Yuxuan Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Xiaopian Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Xinqi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Yanfei Mu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Chengbin Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
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11
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Lu Y, Jiang Y, Liu J, Yang X, Zhao Y, Fan F. Preparation and Properties of Walnut Protein Isolate-Whey Protein Isolate Nanoparticles Stabilizing High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsions. Foods 2024; 13:2389. [PMID: 39123580 PMCID: PMC11311381 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To enhance the functional properties of walnut protein isolate (WalPI), hydrophilic whey protein isolate (WPI) was selected to formulate WalPI-WPI nanoparticles (nano-WalPI-WPI) via a pH cycling technique. These nano-WalPI-WPI particles were subsequently employed to stabilize high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPEs). By adjusting the mass ratio of WalPI to WPI from 9:1 to 1:1, the resultant nano-WalPI-WPI exhibited sizes ranging from 70.98 to 124.57 nm, with a polydispersity index of less than 0.326. When the mass ratio of WalPI to WPI was 7:3, there were significant enhancements in various functional properties: the solubility, denaturation peak temperature, emulsifying activity index, and emulsifying stability index increased by 6.09 times, 0.54 °C, 318.94 m2/g, and 552.95 min, respectively, and the surface hydrophobicity decreased by 59.23%, compared with that of WalPI nanoparticles (nano-WalPI), with the best overall performance. The nano-WalPI-WPI were held together by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic forces, which preserved the intact primary structure and improved resistance to structural changes during the neutralization process. The HIPEs stabilized by nano-WalPI-WPI exhibited an average droplet size of less than 30 μm, with droplets uniformly dispersed and maintaining an intact spherical structure, demonstrating superior storage stability. All HIPEs exhibited pseudoplastic behavior with good thixotropic properties. This study provides a theoretical foundation for enhancing the functional properties of hydrophobic proteins and introduces a novel approach for constructing emulsion systems stabilized by composite proteins as emulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Lu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiongna Liu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiaoqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China;
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yueliang Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Fangyu Fan
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.L.); (Y.J.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China;
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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12
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Tao J, Zhu L, Zhu L, Lei L, Zhao G. Colloidal lignin particle reinforces the stability of Pickering emulsions prepared with zein nanoparticle. Food Chem 2024; 460:140581. [PMID: 39067384 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Zein nanoparticle (ZNP) is at the forefront of research on Pickering emulsions, valued for its self-assembling and surfactant-free nature. Nevertheless, its emulsion stability is undermined by inadequate amphiphilicity. Colloidal lignin particle (CLP), characterized by its antithetical charge and amphiphilic nature, appears the promising for augmenting the stability of ZNP-based emulsion. This study meticulously investigated the impact of CLP on the colloidal properties and emulsifying performance of ZNP. The results revealed that electrostatic interactions between ZNP and CLP significantly mitigated the charge of ZNP and improved its hydrophilic/lipophilic balance. Under optimized conditions (1.0 wt% particle concentration, pH 4.0, 50% oil content), CLP notably reduced droplet sizes (41-225 μm) and enhanced the stability of ZNP-based Pickering emulsion, particularly at ZNP/CLP ratios of 6:4 and 5:5. In nature, CLP improved the stability ZNP-based Pickering emulsions via increased interfacial adsorption, enhanced steric hindrance, and reinforced viscous structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Tao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Lijun Zhu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Luyi Zhu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Lin Lei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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13
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Huang M, Tian M, Tan C, Ying R, Ahmad M, Hao G, Liao Q. Thermal stability, antioxidant activity and bioavailability of pea protein-naringin Pickering emulsion for enhanced delivery applications. Food Res Int 2024; 188:114393. [PMID: 38823852 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
After successfully addressing to mitigate bitterness of naringin through construction Pickering emulsion using pea protein (PP) and naringin (NG) in our previous study, we now probed thermal stability, antioxidant efficacy, and bioavailability. FTIR analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy indicated predominant interactions between PP and NG were hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. TGA and DSC analyses demonstrated that PP-NG complexes exhibited superior heat-resistance compared to pure PP and NG. Thermal stability assessments indicated a significant retention of NG in the PP-NG Pickering emulsion than the control NG across varied temperatures (4 °C, 25 °C, 37 °C, and 65 °C). Moreover, the antioxidant activity of PP-NG emulsion was dependent on the concentration of NG, as evidenced by DPPH and ABTS free radicals scavenging abilities, ferric reducing power, and lipid peroxidation resistance. Additionally, PP-NG Pickering emulsion exhibited substantially high bioavailability (92.01 ± 3.91%). These results suggest a promising avenue for the application of NG with improved characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meigui Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengwei Tian
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ruifeng Ying
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Gang Hao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiuhong Liao
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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14
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Li T, Kong X, Shao Z, Zhang Y, Yang C, Liu K, Xin Y, Chen F, Dong Y. Characteristic and stability changes of peanut oil body emulsion during the process of demulsification using heptanoic acid. Food Chem 2024; 460:140301. [PMID: 39067429 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, the changes in oil body emulsion (OBE) during heptanoic acid demulsification (HD) were investigated from the macro and microscopic points of view. Specifically, the OBE particle size increased from 3.04 to 8.41 µm, while the zeta potential absolute decreased to 2.89 mV. The interfacial tension and apparent viscosity of OBE were reduced significantly. Heptanoic acid could contribute to oil droplets aggregation. The findings indicated that high-molecular proteins, including lipoxygenase (97.58 kDa) and arachin (70.28 kDa), detached from the OBs' interface. HD caused alterations in the secondary structure of protein and the environment around proteins changed. The HD mechanism was speculated that the addition of heptanoic acid resulted in the reduction in pH and changes of environment surrounding OBE, which triggered polymerization and the phase transformation of the oil droplets. Overall, this study is vital for solving the problem of demulsification during aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Food and Reserves Storage, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiangrui Kong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihua Shao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yiyang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chenxian Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Kunlun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Food and Reserves Storage, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Xin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fusheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yifan Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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15
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Huang X, Xia B, Liu Y, Wang C. Non-covalent interactions between rice protein and three polyphenols and potential application in emulsions. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101459. [PMID: 38803669 PMCID: PMC11129171 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice protein (RP) and polyphenols are often used in functional foods. This study investigated the non-covalent interactions between RP and three polyphenols (curcumin, CUR; quercetin, QUE; resveratrol, RES) and used the complexes as emulsifiers to create emulsions. Three polyphenols interacted with RP to varying extents, with QUE showing the greatest binding affinity and inducing the greatest alterations in its secondary structure. Molecular docking analysis elucidated the driving forces between them including hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces. Combination with QUE or RES induced structural changes of RP, increasing particle size of complexes. The synergistic effect of polyphenols and protein also enhanced radical scavenging capacity of complexes. Compared to pure protein, all complexes successfully created emulsions with smaller particle size (378-395 nm vs. 470 nm), higher absolute potential (37.43-38.26 mV vs. 35.62 mV), and greater lipid oxidation stability by altering protein conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Boxue Xia
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yaxuan Liu
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Cuina Wang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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16
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Rao S, Jia C, Lu X, Yu Y, Wang Z, Yang Z. Acid-Heat-Induced Fabrication of Nisin-Loaded Egg White Protein Nanoparticles: Enhanced Structural and Antibacterial Stability. Foods 2024; 13:1741. [PMID: 38890971 PMCID: PMC11172011 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As a natural cationic peptide, Nisin is capable of widely inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria. However, it also has drawbacks such as its antimicrobial activity being susceptible to environmental factors. Nano-encapsulation can improve the defects of nisin in food applications. In this study, nisin-loaded egg white protein nanoparticles (AH-NEn) were prepared in fixed ultrasound-mediated under pH 3.0 and 90 °C. Compared with the controls, AH-NEn exhibited smaller particle size (112.5 ± 2.85 nm), smaller PDI (0.25 ± 0.01), larger Zeta potential (24 ± 1.18 mV), and higher encapsulation efficiency (91.82%) and loading capacity (45.91%). The turbidity and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated that there are other non-covalent bonding interactions between the molecules of AH-NEn besides the electrostatic forces, which accounts for the fact that it is structurally more stable than the controls. In addition, by the results of fluorescence intensity, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was shown that thermal induction could improve the solubility, heat resistance, and encapsulation of nisin in the samples. In terms of antimicrobial function, acid-heat induction did not recede the antimicrobial activity of nisin encapsulated in egg white protein (EWP). Compared with free nisin, the loss rate of bactericidal activity of AH-NEn was reduced by 75.0% and 14.0% following treatment with trypsin or a thermal treatment at 90 °C for 30 min, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqi Rao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.R.); (C.J.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Caochen Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.R.); (C.J.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiangning Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.R.); (C.J.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yisheng Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.R.); (C.J.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhirong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.R.); (C.J.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhenquan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.R.); (C.J.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, China
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17
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Geng T, Pan L, Liu X, Li Z, Liu J, Dong D, Cui B, Liu H. Characterization of modified starch-based complexes-stabilized linolenic acid emulsions and their enhanced oxidative stability in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132548. [PMID: 38782323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
A new approach of fabricating α-linolenic acid emulsions with enhanced oxidative stability in vitro digestion was established, using covalent octenyl succinic anhydride starch (OSAS)-soy protein (SP)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) complexes as emulsifiers. The physicochemical characteristics and surface morphology of emulsions were mainly characterized by rheological measurements, laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM). Results indicated that emulsions had dense interfacial layers and strong network structures. As a result, the stability and antioxidant ability of emulsions were improved significantly. In addition, the oxidative stability of emulsions in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was explored. Results showed that emulsions could maintain better oxidative stability owing to antioxidant activity of covalent OSAS-SP-EGCG complexes under gastrointestinal conditions. In particular, lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde contents of emulsions prepared by 1:4 complexes were lower than 0.35 mmol/L and 20.5 nmol/mL, respectively, approximately half those of emulsions stabilized by OSAS (0.65 mmol/L and 39.5 nmol/mL). It was indicated that covalent OSAS-SP-EGCG complexes could effectively inhibit α-linolenic acid oxidation in emulsions during vitro gastrointestinal digestion. This work will provide a theoretical basis for the development of α-linolenic acid emulsions, which will help to broaden application of α-linolenic acid in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenglong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Lidan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zimei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Die Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Bio-Health Technology Group Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266400, China
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18
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Agustinisari I, Mulia K, Harimurti N, Nasikin M, Rienoviar, Herawati H, Manalu LP. The Potency of Maillard Conjugates Containing Whey Protein as Natural Emulsifier. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2024; 2024:3254132. [PMID: 38962097 PMCID: PMC11222009 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3254132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
There is a continued need for the advancement of natural emulsifiers to replace synthetic emulsifiers, driven by human health concerns. This study is aimed at producing protein-polysaccharide conjugates through the Maillard reaction and at evaluating its ability as an emulsifier based on its emulsifying properties. The proteins used in this study were bovine milk whey protein and soy protein isolates, while the polysaccharides were maltodextrin and pectin. The protein-polysaccharide conjugation used a Maillard reaction under dry heating conditions. The protein and polysaccharide mass ratios were 1 : 2 and 1 : 3. The results showed that the types of proteins and polysaccharides and their mass affect the surface tension of the conjugate products. Whey protein-pectin conjugates with a mass ratio of 1 : 2 and a concentration of 1% had the lowest surface tension at 43.77 dyne/cm2. This conjugate sample also showed the highest emulsifying index at 27.20 m2/g. The conjugate powder containing pectin as a polysaccharide showed better emulsifying activity than that of those containing maltodextrin. However, the smallest droplet size of the emulsion (256.5 nm) resulted from the emulsification process using whey protein-maltodextrin conjugates as an emulsifier. The FTIR and gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis confirmed the conjugation formation. In general, protein-polysaccharide conjugates containing whey protein could potentially act as a natural emulsifier for food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iceu Agustinisari
- Research Center for AgroindustryNational Research and Innovation AgencyKST Soekarno Cibinong, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Kamarza Mulia
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Niken Harimurti
- Research Center for AgroindustryNational Research and Innovation AgencyKST Soekarno Cibinong, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Nasikin
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Rienoviar
- Research Center for AgroindustryNational Research and Innovation AgencyKST Soekarno Cibinong, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Heny Herawati
- Research Center for AgroindustryNational Research and Innovation AgencyKST Soekarno Cibinong, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Lamhot Parulian Manalu
- Research Center for AgroindustryNational Research and Innovation AgencyKST Soekarno Cibinong, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
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19
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Ma Q, Zhou T, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Li X, Liu L, Zhang X, Kouame KJEP, Chen S. Ultrasound modification on milk fat globule membrane and soy lecithin to improve the physicochemical properties, microstructure and stability of mimicking human milk fat emulsions. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 105:106873. [PMID: 38608436 PMCID: PMC11024657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Starting from the consideration of the structure of human milk fat globule (MFG), this study aimed to investigate the effects of ultrasonic treatment on milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and soy lecithin (SL) complexes and their role in mimicking human MFG emulsions. Ultrasonic power significantly affected the structure of the MFGM-SL complex, further promoting the unfolding of the molecular structure of the protein, and then increased solubility and surface hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the microstructure of mimicking MFG emulsions without sonication was unevenly distributed, and the average droplet diameter was large. After ultrasonic treatment, the droplets of the emulsion were more uniformly dispersed, the particle size was smaller, and the emulsification properties and stability were improved to varying degrees. Especially when the ultrasonic power was 300 W, the mimicking MFG emulsion had the highest encapsulation rate and emulsion activity index and emulsion stability index were increased by 60.88 % and 117.74 %, respectively. From the microstructure, it was observed that the spherical droplets of the mimicking MFG emulsion after appropriate ultrasonic treatment remain well separated without obvious flocculation. This study can provide a reference for the screening of milk fat globules mimicking membrane materials and the further utilization and development of ultrasound in infant formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Yanjie Zhao
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, 010010 Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China.
| | - Xiuxiu Zhang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Kouadio Jean Eric-Parfait Kouame
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St. Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
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20
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Ozgolet M, Cakmak ZHT, Bozkurt F, Sagdic O, Karasu S. Optimization of extraction parameters of protein isolate from milk thistle seed: Physicochemical and functional characteristics. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3346-3359. [PMID: 38726413 PMCID: PMC11077193 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, optimization of milk thistle protein extraction parameters was carried out in terms of purity and yield. In addition, the characterization of proteins isolated from milk thistle seeds was conducted. The optimal conditions for achieving the highest purity of protein (MTP) from milk thistle seeds were identified as extraction pH 9.47, temperature 30°C, and extraction time 180 min. Conversely, optimal values for overall protein yield (MTY) were determined at extraction pH 12, temperature 50°C, and extraction time 167 min. The proteins obtained under these two sets of conditions (MTP and MTY) demonstrated comparable oil absorption capacity (OAC), foaming, and emulsifying capabilities, as well as stability, aligning with findings from previous studies on seed protein. Both proteins had the highest protein solubilities at pH 11. Both proteins' zeta potentials were closest to zero at pH 4, demonstrating their closeness to the isoelectric point. MTP and MTY had poorer antioxidant capabilities than the other protein isolates/concentrates. MTP and MTY contain high β sheet concentrations that might enhance thermal stability and lower the digestibility of proteins. In conclusion, the protein extraction process demonstrated a high potential for achieving both substantial yield and remarkable purity with some decent technological and functional properties, thus holding promise for various applications in diverse fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Ozgolet
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringYildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Zeynep Hazal Tekin Cakmak
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringYildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Fatih Bozkurt
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringYildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Osman Sagdic
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringYildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Salih Karasu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical EngineeringYildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey
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21
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Zhong W, Wang Q, Li M, Deng X, Shen X. Co-assembled whey protein and proanthocyanidins as a promising biocarrier for hydrophobic pterostilbene: Fabrication, characterization, and cellular antioxidant potential. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2690-2705. [PMID: 37949399 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The usage of food-derived polyphenols with different polarities has been limited by their instability and incompatibility. Therefore, a biocarrier was developed by co-assembly of whey protein isolate (WPI) and hydrophilic proanthocyanidin (PC) for loading hydrophobic pterostilbene (PTE). Such biocarrier has superior affinity for PTE than WPI alone, as determined by encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity assay, fluorescence quenching analysis, and molecular docking, whereas the assembly process was characterized by particle size and zeta potential, 3-dimensional fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. Circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra confirmed the α-helix to β-sheet and random coil transition of proteins during the formation of nanocomplexes. Whey protein isolate acted as a mediator through altering the binding mode of PC and PTE, allowing them to perform significant synergistic effects in enhancing 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and reducing H2O2-induced cell damage. This research may serve to develop new protein/polyphenol co-loading systems and offer a reliable nutritional fortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Zhong
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Xue Shen
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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22
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Wang Z, Tang W, Sun Z, Liu F, Wang D. An innovative Pickering W/O/W nanoemulsion co-encapsulating hydrophilic lysozyme and hydrophobic Perilla leaf oil for extending shelf life of fish products. Food Chem 2024; 439:138074. [PMID: 38091791 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
A Pickering water-in-oil-in-water nanoemulsion co-encapsulating lysozyme (LYS) and Perilla leaf oil (PO) was prepared using whey protein isolate-tannin acid conjugated nanoparticles (WPI-TA NPs) as emulsifiers, called LYS-PO-NE, and subsequently analyzed. The nano size and multiple phases was confirmed based on the results of confocal laser scanning microscope, scanning electron microscope, and droplet size analysis. LYS-PO-NE had high encapsulation efficiencies of 89.36 % (PO) and 43.91 % (LYS) and both could be released at a slow and continuous rate. The PO addition increased the droplet size, and the LYS addition delayed the release of PO. LYS-PO-NE also showed good storage, pH, thermal, and salt stability, and an effective combined bactericidal activity of LYS and PO against spoilage bacteria. Furthermore, the results of chilled salmon storage experiments indicated that LYS-PO-NE could extend the shelf life of chilled salmon to at least 6 days, demonstrating the potential in the shelf life for fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaitian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wenxiang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhilan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Daoying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China.
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23
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Zhu H, Wang L, Li X, Shi J, Scanlon M, Xue S, Nosworthy M, Vafaei N. Canola Seed Protein: Pretreatment, Extraction, Structure, Physicochemical and Functional Characteristics. Foods 2024; 13:1357. [PMID: 38731728 PMCID: PMC11083811 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the global population has led to an unprecedented demand for dietary protein. Canola seeds, being a widely utilized oil resource, generate substantial meal by-products following oil extraction. Fortunately, canola meals are rich in protein. In this present review, foremost attention is directed towards summarizing the characteristics of canola seed and canola seed protein. Afterwards, points of discussion related to pretreatment include an introduction to pulsed electric field treatment (PEF), microwave treatment (MC), and ultrasound treatment (UL). Then, the extraction method is illustrated, including alkaline extraction, isoelectric precipitation, acid precipitation, micellization (salt extraction), and dry fractionation and tribo-electrostatic separation. Finally, the structural complexity, physicochemical properties, and functional capabilities of rapeseed seeds, as well as the profound impact of various applications of rapeseed proteins, are elaborated. Through a narrative review of recent research findings, this paper aims to enhance a comprehensive understanding of the potential of canola seed protein as a valuable nutritional supplement, highlighting the pivotal role played by various extraction methods. Additionally, it sheds light on the broad spectrum of applications where canola protein demonstrates its versatility and indispensability as a resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Zhu
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - John Shi
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Martin Scanlon
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Sophia Xue
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Matthew Nosworthy
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Nazanin Vafaei
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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24
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Hou K, Fu X, Chen H, Niu H. Characterization and emulsifying ability evaluation of whey protein-pectin conjugates formed by glycosylation. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 329:121790. [PMID: 38286557 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a method that enhances the functional properties of proteins by covalently attaching sugars to them. This study aimed at preparing three conjugates (WP-HG, WP-SBP, and WP-RGI) by dry heating method to research the influence of different pectin structures on the functional properties of WP and characterize properties and structures of these conjugates. The research results manifested that the degree of glycosylation (DG) of HG, SBP and RGI were 13.13 % ± 0.07 %, 23.27 % ± 0.3 % and 36.39 % ± 0.3 % respectively, suggesting that the increase of the number of branch chains promoted the glycosylation reaction. The formation of the conjugate was identified by the FT-IR spectroscopy technique. And SEM showed that WP could covalently bind to pectin, resulting in a smoother and denser surface of the conjugates. The circular dichroism analysis exhibited that the glycosylation reaction altered the secondary structure of WP and decreased the α-Helix content. This structural change in the protein spatial conformation led to a decrease in the hydrophobicity of protein surface. But the addition of pectin further regulated the hydrophilic-hydrophobic ratio on the surface of the protein, thus improving the emulsification properties of WP. In addition, the glycosylation could improve the stability of the emulsion, giving it a smaller droplet size, higher Zeta-potential and more stable properties. In a word, this study pointed out the direction for the application of different pectin structures in the development of functional properties of glycosylation products in food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Hou
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Xiong Fu
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Haiming Chen
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Hui Niu
- SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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25
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Wei X, Li H, Liu Y, Lin Q, Wu X, Wu W. Effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate modification on the structure and emulsion stability of rice bran protein in the presence of soybean protein isolate. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130269. [PMID: 38387630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
For improving the emulsion stability of rice bran protein (RBP), RBP was modified by different concentrations of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in the presence of soybean protein isolate (SPI), and RBP-EGCG-SPI conjugate was prepared by alkaline pH-shifting. The results showed that the addition of EGCG led to an increase in the bound phenol content and the flexibility of the secondary structure, a decrease in the free sulfhydryl and disulfide bond content of the RBP-EGCG-SPI conjugate. EGCG covalently bound to RBP and SPI through non-disulfide bonds. When the concentration of EGCG was 10 % (w/v), the emulsifying activity index and emulsion stability index of conjugate reached the maximum value (36.61 m2/g and 255.61 min, respectively), and the conjugate had the best emulsion stability. However, an EGCG concentration above 10 % (w/v) negatively affected the emulsion stability, with increasing particle size due to protein aggregation. Summarily, the modification of EGCG improved the emulsion stability of conjugate by regulating the spatial structure of RBP-EGCG-SPI conjugate. The work provided an important guide to further improve the emulsion stability of RBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialing Wei
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Helin Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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26
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Li Y, Zhao S, Xia X, Liu Q, Chen Q, Wang H, Kong B. Insights into the emulsifying effect and oxidation stability of myofibrillar protein-diacylglycerol emulsions containing catechin at different ionic strengths. Food Res Int 2024; 181:114144. [PMID: 38448104 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different ionic strengths on the emulsifying and oxidation stabilities of myofibrillar protein-diacylglycerol emulsions containing catechin (MP-DAG-C), in which lard, unpurified glycerolytic lard (UGL), and purified glycerolytic lard (PGL) were used as oil phases in this study, respectively. Results revealed that emulsifying ability was significantly improved by UGL and PGL (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the emulsifying activity and stability, absolute ξ-potential value, shear viscosity, and dynamic rheological characteristic of emulsions increased with the increase of ionic strength (P < 0.05) remarkablely, which reached the maximum value at 0.6-M sodium chloride (NaCl). The droplets of emulsions at 0.6-M ionic strength were smallest and distributed most uniformly compared to other NaCl conditions. The formation of thiobarbituric acid substances and carbonyls increased, and the total sulfydryl contents decreased as the extension of storage days (P < 0.05). However, the oxidation stability of MP-DAG-C emulsions was insignificantly decreased by ionic strengths (P > 0.05). The above results showed that MP-DAG-C emulsions could keep excellent emulsifying effects and oxidation stability under high ionic strengths. This study provides data support for the application of MP-DAG-C emulsions in emulsified meat products, which is benefit for promoting the development of high-quality emulsified meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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27
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Liu C, Sun F, Tian Y, Jiang L, Wang Z, Zhou L. Recovery of soy whey protein from soy whey wastewater at various cavitation jet pretreatment time and their structural and emulsifying properties. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101122. [PMID: 38261844 PMCID: PMC10796266 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein-polysaccharide composite is of great significance for the development of soluble protein recovery process. This study investigated the effects of cavitation jet (CJ) pretreatment at different time (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 s) intervals on the recovery of soy whey protein (SWP) from soy whey wastewater using chitosan (CH). In addition, the structure and properties of the SWP/CH complexes were examined. The results showed that the recovery yield of SWP reached 84.44 % when the CJ pretreatment time was 180 s, and the EAI and ESI values of the SWP/CH complex increased from 32.39 m2/g and 21 min to 48.47 m2/g and 32 min, respectively. In the CJ pretreatment process, SWP promotes the recombination with chitosan through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond, while hydrophobic interaction is also involved. This study has guiding significance for CJ technology in the recovery and utilization of protein in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Liu
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Fuwei Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yachao Tian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
| | - Lianzhou Jiang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Zhongjiang Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Linyi Zhou
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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28
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Jiang Z, Luo H, Huangfu Y, Gao Y, Zhang M, Bao Y, Ma W. High internal phase emulsions stabilized by whey protein covalently modified with carboxymethyl cellulose: Enhanced environmental stability, storage stability and bioaccessibility. Food Chem 2024; 436:137634. [PMID: 37847963 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of whey protein-carboxymethyl cellulose (WP-CMC) conjugates on the environmental stability, in vitro digestion stability, storage stability and bioaccessibility of high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) were investigated. Compared to the HIPEs stabilized by the mixture of WP and CMC, the HIPEs stabilized by WP-CMC were less sensitive to environmental changes by particle size and zeta-potential, and showed better stability and bioavailability of pine nut oil as well as β-carotene during simulated gastrointestinal digestion. In addition, the inclusion function and pine nut oil oxidative stability of the HIPEs stabilized by WP-CMC were better during 16 days of storage than those of the pine nut oil and HIPEs stabilized by the mixture of WP and CMC, and also expressed higher storage stability of β-carotene. These results suggested that the conjugate-stabilized emulsions developed in this study have potential applications as protectors and carriers of liposoluble active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehui Jiang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hao Luo
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yunpeng Huangfu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Meiqi Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yihong Bao
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
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29
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Li J, Wang Q, Meng F, Sun J, Liu H, Gao Y. Analysis of instability of starch-based Pickering emulsion under acidic condition of pH < 4 and improvement of emulsion stability. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129886. [PMID: 38325252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Starch-based Pickering emulsions exhibit high interfacial stability in a certain range of mild pH environments. On the contrary, many studies have reported that when the pH value is <4, it often leads to different degrees of emulsion instability. In this paper, the microscopic state of starch granules in the emulsion and its effect on the stability of the emulsion were observed and analyzed by atomic force microscope (AFM) in tapping mode. At the same time, Pickering emulsions in acidic environment were prepared by using the gel properties of methyl cellulose (MC) in synergy with esterified high amylose maize starch (M-HAMS) granules. The results show that in the emulsion with pH 3, the excessive H + ion inhibits the swelling of M-HAMS granules and prevents it from forming a stable gel structure, which is the main cause of emulsion instability. The polarity of MC with water contact angle (WCA) of 81.8° is similar to that of M-HAMS granules with WCA of 80.1°, and a uniform and ordered micro-nanostructure is formed in the aqueous phase. The prepared acidic (pH 3-4) emulsion has good stability during the observation period of 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Fanmin Meng
- R&D center, Valiant Co. Ltd., Yantai 264000, PR China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Huitao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China.
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30
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Mao T, Akshit FNU, Matiwalage I, Sasidharan S, Alvarez CM, Wescombe P, Mohan MS. Preferential Binding of Polyphenols in Blackcurrant Extracts with Milk Proteins and the Effects on the Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols. Foods 2024; 13:515. [PMID: 38397492 PMCID: PMC10887666 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk proteins are well-known delivery agents; however, there is no clear understanding of the competitive interactions of milk proteins with polyphenols in mixed complex systems. Here, we investigate the preferential competitive interactions of different polyphenols present in blackcurrant extract with milk proteins by quantifying the protein-bound polyphenols and comparing the factors affecting these interactions. In addition, bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity were studied after in vitro gastric digestion. Our results indicated that polyphenols from blackcurrant extracts were preferentially bound to caseins more than whey proteins, with noncovalent interactions causing secondary structural changes in the protein. The hydrophobicity and the charge of the polyphenols were negatively and positively related to the number of polyphenols bound to casein and whey proteins, respectively. Moreover, the bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of polyphenols were enhanced in the presence of milk proteins in milk-based blackcurrant samples when compared to polyphenol and protein-alone samples in the in vitro gastric phase. These findings underscore the critical role of milk proteins in encapsulating or delivering polyphenols. This will pave the way for boosting the bioavailability of polyphenols by complexing them with milk proteins and formulating functional dairy foods, integrating the beneficial effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Mao
- Alfred Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (T.M.); (F.A.)
| | - FNU Akshit
- Alfred Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (T.M.); (F.A.)
| | - Iresha Matiwalage
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 85084, New Zealand; (I.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.A.); (P.W.)
| | - Subha Sasidharan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 85084, New Zealand; (I.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.A.); (P.W.)
| | - Caren Meyn Alvarez
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 85084, New Zealand; (I.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.A.); (P.W.)
| | - Philip Wescombe
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 85084, New Zealand; (I.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.A.); (P.W.)
- Yili Innovation Center Oceania, Lincoln University, Lincoln 85084, New Zealand
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010000, China
| | - Maneesha S. Mohan
- Alfred Dairy Science Laboratory, Department of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (T.M.); (F.A.)
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 85084, New Zealand; (I.M.); (S.S.); (C.M.A.); (P.W.)
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31
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Yue XJ, Xu PW, Zhu Y, Hou SB, Luo XC, Zhao B. Effect of hydrochloric acid and citric acid with ultrasound processing on characteristics of superfine-ground pectic polysaccharides from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) peel. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129076. [PMID: 38161025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The structural properties and biological activities of okra pectic polysaccharides (OPs) were impacted by various extraction methods. Based on commonly grinding (40, 100 meshes) and superfine grinding okra powders, two extraction solvents (hydrochloric acid, HA; citric acid, CA) were used firstly. Next, the extraction yield, physical and chemical properties, molecular structure and functional properties of OPs were analyzed by non-ultrasonic treatment and ultrasound-assisted superfine grinding method. The outcomes demonstrated that the extraction yield of OPs rose as the particle size of the powder decreased. HA-OPs had higher molecular weight (Mw), apparent viscosity and emulsification ability than CA-OPs. CA-OPs had higher esterification degree (DE), solubility and total sugar content, and higher amounts of rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) segments. Compared with OPs without ultrasound-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted superfine grinding extraction exhibited higher sugar content, antioxidant capacity, emulsification ability, lower Mw, DE and apparent viscosity. Finally, the correlation between structure and function of OPs was further quantified. The antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with RG-I content, and negatively correlated with DE and Mw. The emulsification ability was mainly positively correlated with the GlcA of OPs. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of OPs foods with clear structure-function relationship, which would be instructive for the application of OPs in food and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Peng-Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Shou-Bu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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32
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Xu T, Li X, Wu C, Fan G, Li T, Zhou D, Zhu J, Wu Z, Hua X. Improved encapsulation effect and structural properties of whey protein isolate by dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128556. [PMID: 38061529 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The whey protein isolate (WPI) was modified by dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma (DBD) in order to improve its encapsulation efficiency of rutin. In this work, the effect of DBD treatment on structure and physicochemical properties of WPI and the interaction between DBD-treated WPI and rutin were investigated. The results showed that the structural change of WPI leaded to the exposure of internal hydrophobic groups, increasing the interaction site with rutin. The encapsulation efficiency of DBD-treated WPI (30 kV, 30 s) on rutin was improved by 12.42 % compared with control group. The results of multispectral analysis showed that static quenching occurred in the process of interaction between DBD-treated and rutin, hydrogen bond and van der Waals force were the main forces between them. Therefore, DBD treatment can be used as a method to improve the encapsulation efficiency of WPI on hydrophobic active substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caie Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Gongjian Fan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Xiaowen Hua
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 315201 Ningbo, China
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33
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Yu D, Xing K, Wang N, Wang X, Zhang S, Du J, Zhang L. Effect of dynamic high-pressure microfluidization treatment on soybean protein isolate-rutin non-covalent complexes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129217. [PMID: 38184043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In this investigation, soybean protein isolate-rutin (SPI-RT) complexes were treated using dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (DHPM). The effects of this process on the physicochemical and thermodynamic properties of SPI were investigated at different pressures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy provided evidence that the SPI structure had been altered. The binding of SPI to RT resulted in a decrease in the percentage of α-helices and random curls as well as an increase in the percentage of β-sheets. In particular, the α-helix content decreased from 29.84 % to 26.46 %, the random curl content decreased from 17.45 % to 15.57 %, and the β-sheet content increased from 25.37 % to 26.53 %. Moreover, fluorescence intensity decreased, and the emission peak of the complex was red-shifted by 6 nm, exposing the internal groups. Based on fluorescence quenching analysis, optimal SPI-RT complexation was achieved after 120-MPa DHPM treatment, and molecular docking analysis verified the interaction between SPI and RT. The minimum particle size, maximum absolute potential, and total phenolic content of the complexes were 78.06 nm, 21.4 mV and 74.35 nmol/mg protein, respectively. Furthermore, laser confocal microscopy revealed that the complex particles had the best microstructure. Non-covalent interactions between the two were confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Moreover, the hydrophobicity of the complex particle's surface increased to 16,045 after 120-MPa DHPM treatment. The results of this study suggest that DHPM strongly promotes the improvement of the physicochemical properties of SPI, and provide a theoretical groundwork for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianyu Yu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Kaiwen Xing
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | | | - Jing Du
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Yoo K, Kim S, Kim MJ, Oh W, Lee J. Effects of association colloidal structures on the oxygen solubility in oil-in-water emulsion matrix. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:569-577. [PMID: 38274193 PMCID: PMC10805683 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Although association colloidal structures are believed as major oxidation places, relationship of oxygen molecules with association colloids have not been evaluated in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. Oxygen solubility was determined in O/W emulsion containing dispersed phases with different charges of emulsifiers, numbers of dispersed droplets, and surface areas of dispersed droplets. The rates of lipid oxidation were also examined. O/W emulsion made of positively charged emulsifier had higher oxygen solubility than negatively charged and neutral emulsifiers. As number and surface area of oil droplet in O/W emulsion increased, higher oxygen solubility was observed, implying that dispersed phases could be places for oxygen molecules. O/W emulsion made of positively charged emulsifier had higher lipid oxidation than neutral emulsifier. O/W emulsion with more interfaces had lower oxidative stability, implying interfaces of association colloids could affect rates of lipid oxidation. Dispersed phase in O/W emulsion can be places for oxygen molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- KeunCheol Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 Republic of Korea
| | - SeHyeok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ja Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, Republic of Korea
| | - WonYoung Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 Republic of Korea
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35
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Tang T, Lv Y, Su Y, Li J, Gu L, Yang Y, Chang C. The differential non-covalent binding of epicatechin and chlorogenic acid to ovotransferrin and the enhancing efficiency of immunomodulatory activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129298. [PMID: 38199555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Seeking safe and environmentally friendly natural immunomodulators is a pressing requirement of humanity. This study investigated the differential binding characteristics of two polar polyphenols (PP), namely epicatechin (EC) and chlorogenic acid (CA), to ovotransferrin (OVT), and explored the relationship between structural transformations and immunomodulatory activity of OVT-PP complexes. Results showed that CA exhibited a stronger affinity for OVT than EC, mainly driven by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Complexation-induced conformational variations in OVT, including static fluorescence quenching, increased microenvironment polarity surrounding tryptophan and tyrosine residues, and the transition from disordered α-helix to stable β-sheet. Furthermore, the structural conformation transformation of OVT-PP complexes facilitated the enhancement of immunomodulatory activity, with the OVT-CA (10:2) complex demonstrating the best immunomodulatory activity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis revealed the immunomodulatory activities of the OVT-PP complexes were influenced by surface hydrophobicity (negatively correlated), β-sheet percentage and polyphenol binding constants. It could be inferred that PP complexation increased the surface polarity of OVT, consequently enhancing its immunomodulatory activity by promoting cell membrane affinity and antigen recognition. This study provides valuable guidance for effectively utilizing polyphenol-protein complexes in enhancing immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuanqi Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yujie Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Luping Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Cuihua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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36
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Wang D, Li H, Hou TY, Zhang ZJ, Li HZ. Effects of conjugated interactions between Perilla seed meal proteins and different polyphenols on the structural and functional properties of proteins. Food Chem 2024; 433:137345. [PMID: 37666124 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to perform alkali-induced covalent modification of perilla seed meal protein (PSMP) using different polyphenols: gallic acid (GA), protocatechuic acid (PCA), caffeic acid (CA), apigenin (API) and luteolin (LU). Covalent binding between different polyphenols and PSMP was found to occur, with PSMP-LU showing the highest binding rate of 90.89 ± 1.37 mg/g; the fluorescence spectrum of PSMP-CA showed a maximum blue shift of Δ13.4 nm; the solubility increased from 69.626 ± 1.39 % to 83.102 ± 0.98 %. In order to better understand how these covalent conjugates, stabilize -carotene in emulsions, they were utilized as emulsifiers in an emulsion delivery method. The work further reveals the formation of PSMP-polyphenol conjugates and develops a novel emulsification system to deliver readily decomposable functional factors, providing a potential scenario for the application of PSMP and bioactive conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - He Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| | - Tian-Yu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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37
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Kamer DDA. Synergistic formulation approach for developing pea protein and guar gum enriched olive oil-in-water emulsion gels as solid fat substitutes: Formulation optimization, characterization, and molecular simulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128718. [PMID: 38101676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to optimize the formulation of olive oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion gels by incorporating Pea Protein (PP) and Guar Gum (GG) as alternative options for solid fats. The optimum rheological (consistency index, apparent viscosity, recovery) and texture (firmness) properties of the emulsion gels were obtained using a mixture of 2 % PP, 1 % GG, 60 % Olive Oil (OO), and 37 % Water (W). The blend of PP2/GG1 showed the highest results for recovery and firmness, 111.27 % and 33.89 g, respectively. PP/GG blend emulsion gels exhibited higher absolute ζ-potential values, ranging between -72.3 and -77.4 mV. The polydispersity index (PDI) ranged from 0.185 to 0.535, with the most uniform distributions found in the PP/GG blend emulsion gels. Strong phase separation resistance indicated strong stability of PP-GG complex emulsion gels. Higher PP concentrations decreased emulsion oxidation. FTIR and XRD research showed that PP and GG interact strongly, indicating good compatibility. The free binding energy of the most stable configuration of the molecules was -6.8 kcal mol-1, indicating a high affinity. PP interacted with GG through 9 amino acid residues, with notable residues being Asp 224, Thr 235, Ala 332, Ile 334, and Arg 336, and their respective interaction distances ranged between 2.69 Å and 3.87 Å.
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38
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Guan H, Tian Y, Feng C, Leng S, Zhao S, Liu D, Diao X. Migration of Nutrient Substances and Characteristic Changes of Chicken White Soup Emulsion from Chicken Skeleton during Cooking. Foods 2024; 13:410. [PMID: 38338545 PMCID: PMC10855391 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The protein and fat in chicken skeleton can be emulsified in a boiling state to form milky white chicken soup. White chicken soup has a delicious taste, good nutritional value, a beautiful color, and volatile flavor compounds. However, cooking time significantly impacts the quality of white chicken soup. Herein, we investigated the influence of cooking time (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 min) on the migration of nutrient substances and characteristics changes in white chicken soup from chicken skeletons. The results showed that nutrients such as total lipids, water-soluble protein, total sugars, solid matter, and oligopeptides in the chicken skeletons' tissue continuously migrated into the soup during the cooking process. The total nutrient content in the chicken soup was highest after cooking for 180 min. Simultaneously, the white chicken soup obtained after cooking for 180 min had low interfacial tension and high whiteness, viscosity, and storage stability. The high stability index was associated with increased ζ potential and decreased particle size. The contact angle analysis results also indicated that the stability of the white chicken soup was improved when the cooking time reached 180 min. This research provides basic information for the production of high-quality white chicken soup.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dengyong Liu
- Meat Innovation Center of Liaoning Province, College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China; (H.G.); (Y.T.); (S.L.); (X.D.)
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39
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Yu J, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Gao Y, Mao L. Stabilization of oil-in-water high internal phase emulsions with octenyl succinic acid starch and beeswax oleogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127815. [PMID: 37918613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) based on beeswax (BW) oleogels and octenyl succinic acid starch (OSA starch) were prepared by a facile one-step method. Effects of the oleogelation of internal phase on the formation, stability and functionality of the HIPEs were investigated. OSA starch absorbed at the interface allowed high surface charge (|ζ| > 25 mV) of the droplets, and small droplet size (d ≈ 5 m). Microstructural observation suggested that the HIPEs were of O/W type with droplets packed tightly. With the increase in BW content (0-4 %), the particle size (4-7 μm) and ζ-potential (-25 ~ -30 mV) of the HIPEs were first decreased and then increased. Stability analysis revealed that the addition of BW effectively improved emulsion stability against centrifugation, freeze-thawing, changes in pH and ionic strength, and the HIPE with 2 % BW presented the best stability. Rheological tests indicated that the HIPEs with higher content of BW exhibited higher storage modulus, solid-like properties, and shear thinning behaviors. Creep-recovery results implied that the oleogelation enhanced the structure of HIPEs and improved the deformation resistance of the systems. When subjected to light and heat, oleogel-in-water HIPEs showed advantages in protecting β-carotene from degradation, and β-carotene in the HIPEs with 2 % BW had the lowest degradation rate. These findings suggested that gelation of oil phase could improve the stability of HIPEs and the encapsulation capability, which would be meaningful for the development of novel healthy food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Beverages, China National Light Industry, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Beverages, China National Light Industry, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruoning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Beverages, China National Light Industry, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanxiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Beverages, China National Light Industry, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Like Mao
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Beverages, China National Light Industry, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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40
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Choi Y, Lee H, Song JY, Baek M, Mun S. Development of polysaccharide-complexed nano-sized rice protein dispersion. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:431-439. [PMID: 38222904 PMCID: PMC10786790 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to improve water solubility of the rice protein (RP) by forming complexes with anionic polysaccharides, such as sodium alginate (SA) and xanthan gum (XG). In addition, utilization of the RP complexes as an emulsifier was evaluated. The prepared RP-SA or RP-XG complexes were analyzed by measuring their particle size, ζ-potential, and water solubility as well as by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The formation of a complex between RP-SA and RP-XG improved the water solubility and dispersibility of RP over a wide range of pH values (3, 5, 7, and 9). Confocal fluorescence images showed that the aggregation of RP molecules was prevented by the formation of complexes between RP and polysaccharides. When soybean oil-in-water emulsions were prepared with complexes, RP-SA (ratio 4:1) and RP-XG(ratio 4:1) complex-stabilized emulsions were stable for 4 weeks of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdoo Choi
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Lee
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Song
- Department of R and D, Berry and Biofood Reaserch Institute, Gochang County, Jeonbuk 56417 Republic of Korea
| | - Manhee Baek
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538 Republic of Korea
| | - Saehun Mun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538 Republic of Korea
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41
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Yuan Y, Chen C, Guo X, Li B, He N, Wang S. Noncovalent interactions between biomolecules facilitated their application in food emulsions' construction: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13285. [PMID: 38284579 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The use of biomolecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, saponins, and phospholipids, instead of synthetic emulsifiers in food emulsion creation has generated significant interest among food scientists due to their advantages of being nontoxic, harmless, edible, and biocompatible. However, using a single biomolecule may not always meet practical needs for food emulsion applications. Therefore, biomolecules often require modification to achieve ideal interfacial properties. Among them, noncovalent interactions between biomolecules represent a promising physical modification method to modulate their interfacial properties without causing the health risks associated with forming new chemical bonds. Electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonding are examples of noncovalent interactions that facilitate biomolecules' effective applications in food emulsions. These interactions positively impact the physical stability, oxidative stability, digestibility, delivery characteristics, response sensitivity, and printability of biomolecule-based food emulsions. Nevertheless, using noncovalent interactions between biomolecules to facilitate their application in food emulsions still has limitations that need further improvement. This review introduced common biomolecule emulsifiers, the promotion effect of noncovalent interactions between biomolecules on the construction of emulsions with different biomolecules, their positive impact on the performance of emulsions, as well as their limitations and prospects in the construction of biomolecule-based emulsions. In conclusion, the future design and development of food emulsions will increasingly rely on noncovalent interactions between biomolecules. However, further improvements are necessary to fully exploit these interactions for constructing biomolecule-based emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Product Green Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Congrong Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Product Green Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Product Green Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ni He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Starch & Protein Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Product Green Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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Ma J, Pan C, Chen H, Chen W, Pei J, Zhang M, Zhong Q, Chen W, Zeng G. Effects of protein concentration, ionic strength, and heat treatment on the interfacial and emulsifying properties of coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) globulins. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100984. [PMID: 38144867 PMCID: PMC10740072 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the effects of protein concentration (0.2 %-1.0 %), ionic strength (100-500 mM NaCl), and heat treatment (temperature: 80 and 90℃; time: 15 and 30 min) on the interfacial and emulsifying properties of coconut globulins (CG). When protein concentration was set at 0.2-0.6 %, the interfacial adsorption increased with the increasing of protein concentration. However, the lowest interfacial viscoelasticity was found when CG concentration was 0.6 %. When the protein concentration was higher than 0.6 %, the dilatational viscoelasticity increased with the increasing of protein concentration. The protein concentration showed positive effect on the emulsion stability of CG. The ionic strength showed positive effect on the interfacial adsorption but negative effects on the interfacial viscoelasticity and emulsion stability. Higher temperature and longer heating time brought worse interface behavior. The heated CG (90℃, 30 min) had the worst interfacial behavior but the best emulsion stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Ma
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chuang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National R&D Center for Aquatic Product Processing, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jianfei Pei
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qiuping Zhong
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenxue Chen
- HNU-HSF Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
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Wang Y, Zhou J, Tian X, Bai L, Ma C, Chen Y, Li Y, Wang W. Effects of Covalent or Noncovalent Binding of Different Polyphenols to Acid-Soluble Collagen on Protein Structure, Functionality, and Digestibility. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19020-19032. [PMID: 37991476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the structure, function, and digestibility of noncovalent complexes and covalent conjugates formed by acid-soluble collagen with polyphenols of different structures (quercetin, epicatechin, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, procyanidin, and tannic acid) were investigated. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that polyphenols were covalently bound to collagen by laccase catalytic oxidation. Biolayer interferometry revealed that the noncovalent binding strength of polyphenols to collagen from high to low was quercetin > gallic acid > chlorogenic acid > epicatechin, which was consistent with the trend of covalent polyphenol binding. Procyanidin and tannic acid had strong noncovalent binding, but their covalent binding ability was weak. Compared with the pure collagen, the complexes improved emulsification and antioxidant properties (more than 2.5 times), and the conjugates exhibited better thermal stability (99.4-106.8 °C) and antidigestion ability (reduced by more than 37%). The finding sheds new light on the use of collagen as a functional food ingredient in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jiaping Zhou
- Research Centre of Modern Analytical Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chenwei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, The College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- R&D Centre of Collagen Products, Xingjia Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China
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Günal-Köroğlu D, Lorenzo JM, Capanoglu E. Plant-Based Protein-Phenolic Interactions: Effect on different matrices and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113269. [PMID: 37803589 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the literature on the interaction between plant-based proteins and phenolics. The structure of the phenolic compound, the plant source of proteins, matrix properties (pH, temperature), and interaction mechanism (covalent and non-covalent) change the secondary structure, ζ-potential, surface hydrophobicity, and thermal stability of proteins as well as their functional properties including solubility, foaming, and emulsifying properties. Studies indicated that the foaming and emulsifying properties may be affected either positively or negatively according to the type and concentration of the phenolic compound. Protein digestibility, on the other hand, differs depending on (1) the phenolic concentration, (2) whether the food matrix is solid or liquid, and (3) the state of the food-whether it is heat-treated or prepared as a mixture without heat treatment in the presence of phenolics. This review comprehensively covers the effects of protein-phenolic interactions on the structure and properties of proteins, including functional properties and digestibility both in model systems and real food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Günal-Köroğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Jose Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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45
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Yan S, Wang Q, Yu J, Li Y, Qi B. Soy protein interactions with polyphenols: Structural and functional changes in natural and cationized forms. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100866. [PMID: 37780344 PMCID: PMC10534206 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, cationic soy protein (NSPI) was synthesized by grafting Ethylenediamine (EDA) onto soy protein isolate (SPI), and protein-gallic acid (GA) complexes were formed by mixing NSPI with GA in various ratios. We assessed the structure, particle size, thermal stability, emulsifying ability, and antioxidant capacity of NSPI and complexes. Results show that grafting with EDA introduced a positive charge to SPI and resulted in a uniform particle size, and enhanced thermal stability, emulsifying ability, and antioxidant capacity. In addition, NSPI presented more amino groups and stronger interactions with GA compared to SPI. EDA and GA synergistically increased the flexibility of SPI, reducing the α-helix content and increasing the random coil content. Moreover, the interactions between SPI, NSPI, and GA were static, and hydrophobic and electrostatic between GA and SPI and NSPI, respectively. Grafting SPI with EDA improved functionality and interactions with GA, implying that NSPI-GA complexes may function as emulsifiers and antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhang Yan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Jiaye Yu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
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Nava-Ramírez MDJ, Vázquez-Durán A, Figueroa-Cárdenas JDD, Hernández-Patlán D, Solís-Cruz B, Téllez-Isaías G, López-Coello C, Méndez-Albores A. Removal of Aflatoxin B 1 Using Alfalfa Leaves as an Adsorbent Material: A Comparison between Two In Vitro Experimental Models. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:604. [PMID: 37888635 PMCID: PMC10610884 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
An adsorbent material derived from alfalfa leaves was prepared and further characterized, and its efficacy for removing aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was investigated. Characterization consisted of the use of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), point of zero charge (pHpzc), zeta potential (ζ-potential), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and spectral analysis. To determine the adsorption capacity against AFB1 (250 ng AFB1/mL), pH-dependent and avian intestinal in vitro models were used. The adsorbent inclusion percentage was 0.5% (w/w). In general, the pH-dependent model gave adsorption percentages of 98.2%, 99.9%, and 98.2%, evaluated at pH values of 2, 5, and 7, respectively. However, when the avian intestinal model was used, it was observed that the adsorption percentage of AFB1 significantly decreased (88.8%). Based on the characterization results, it is proposed that electrostatic, non-electrostatic, and the formation of chlorophyll-AFB1 complexes were the main mechanisms for AFB1 adsorption. From these results, it can be concluded that the adsorbent derived from alfalfa leaves could be used as an effective material for removing AFB1 in in vitro digestion models that mimic the physiological reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Jesús Nava-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FES-C), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FES-C), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Juan de Dios Figueroa-Cárdenas
- Cinvestav-IPN Unidad de Querétaro, Libramiento Norponiente No. 2000, Fraccionamiento Real de Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico;
| | | | - Bruno Solís-Cruz
- UIM L5, FES-C, UNAM, Mexico City 54714, Mexico; (D.H.-P.); (B.S.-C.)
| | - Guillermo Téllez-Isaías
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Carlos López-Coello
- Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, UNAM, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM) L14 (Alimentos, Micotoxinas y Micotoxicosis), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FES-C), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.d.J.N.-R.); (A.V.-D.)
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47
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Almeida RF, Gomes MHG, Kurozawa LE. Rice bran protein increases the retention of anthocyanins by acting as an encapsulating agent in the spray drying of grape juice. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113237. [PMID: 37689965 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice bran protein concentrate (RPC), an industrial by-product, may emerge as a green alternative for substituting animal proteins in microencapsulating compounds of interest. This study applied RPC, combined with maltodextrin (MD) as carrier agents, in the spray drying of grape juice, a product rich in these bioactive compounds, seeking to protect anthocyanins from degradation. The effects of carrier agent concentration [C: 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 g of carrier agents (CA)/g of soluble solids of the juice (SS)] and RPC:CA ratio (P: 0%, as a control sample, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) on anthocyanin retention and powder properties were evaluated. At 1.00 g CA/g SS, the internal and total retentions of anthocyanins improved by 2.4 and 3.2 times, respectively, when the RPC:CA ratio increased from 0% to 20%. The protein also exhibited excellent surface activity on the grape juice and positively influenced the physicochemical properties of the microparticles. There was a reduction in stickiness, degree of caking, and hygroscopicity, in addition to an increased antioxidant capacity when protein was used in combination with MD, especially at 1.00 and 1.25 g CA/g SS. Therefore, this study demonstrated that RPC could enhance the protection of anthocyanins during the spray drying of grape juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Fernandes Almeida
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Henrique Gouveia Gomes
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Louise Emy Kurozawa
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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48
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Li D, Wu Y, Yin H, Feng W, Ma X, Xiao H, Xin W, Li C. Panax Notoginseng polysaccharide stabilized gel-like Pickering emulsions: Stability and mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125893. [PMID: 37473886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the polysaccharide from Panax Notoginseng (SPNP), a traditional herb in China, was used as an outstanding Pickering stabilizer to fabricate Pickering emulsions. The SPNP was characterized to be a porous network structure with a rough surface surrounded by some nanoparticles. Rheological measurement of the obtained Pickering emulsions demonstrated the formation of emulsion gels. Moreover, the emulsions exhibited excellent storage (14 days), pH (1.0-11.0), ionic strength (0-500 mM), and temperature (4-50 °C) stabilities. In addition, the Pickering emulsions showed a freeze-thaw stability, which is beneficial in food, cosmetic or biomedical applications when they may require freezing for storage and melting before use. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) results showed that SPNPs effectively adsorbed at the oil-water interface by forming a compact three-dimensional (3D) network structure and multilayer anchoring on the surface of the emulsion droplets, thus inhibiting the droplet coalescence and flocculation. This study provides a kind of Pickering emulsions applicable in food, biomedical and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafei Li
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yingni Wu
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haoran Yin
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wei Feng
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Ma
- College of Notoginseng Medicine and Pharmacy, Wenshan University, Wenshan 663000, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Wenfeng Xin
- College of Notoginseng Medicine and Pharmacy, Wenshan University, Wenshan 663000, China.
| | - Chengcheng Li
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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49
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Li D, Wang R, Ma Y, Yu D. Covalent modification of (+)-catechin to improve the physicochemical, rheological, and oxidative stability properties of rice bran protein emulsion. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126003. [PMID: 37517762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is the effects of (+)-catechin (CC) covalent cross-linking (CCCI) (0.05-0.25 %, w/v) on the physicochemical properties, rheological properties, and oxidative stability of rice bran protein (RBP) emulsion. Analysis of particle size, ζ-potential, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity, and emulsifying properties demonstrated that a concentration of 0.15 % (w/v) CCCI facilitated protein structure unfolding, resulting in reduced particle size, enhanced electrostatic repulsion, and improved emulsion stability. Moreover, the covalent complexes of RBP-0.15 %CC (w/v) exhibited increased viscosity and shear stress, reflected by the highest G' and G″ values, ultimately enhancing the oxidative stability. Furthermore, analysis using atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the RBP-0.15 %CC complexes exhibited the smallest particle size (164 nm) and displayed greater homogeneity. An increase in CC concentration to 0.25 % (w/v) resulted in a higher emulsion aggregation. The emulsions stabilized by CCCI exhibited superior rheological properties and enhanced oxidation stability compared to the control. In conclusion, an appropriate amount of CC can enhance the rheology and oxidation stability of the RBP emulsion, while CCCI treatment holds potential for expanding the utility of RBP in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Dianyu Yu
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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50
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Zhang YW, Li JH, Teng S, Peng ZQ, Jamali MA. Quality improvement of prerigor salted ground chicken breast with basic amino acids at low NaCl level. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102871. [PMID: 37406440 PMCID: PMC10466239 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prerigor salting effect is known to provide superior meat processing quality. Based on the urgent need for low salt meat products, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the prerigor salting effect when basic amino acids were introduced at 1% NaCl level. Ground chicken breast meat was salted with NaCl and basic amino acids at 30 min, 60 min, and 90 min postmortem for prerigor treatments. Compared to the 1% NaCl (w/w) treatment, the introduction of 0.06% basic amino acids (w/w) in the prerigor significantly led to an increase in myofibril fragmentation, myofibrillar protein solubility, emulsion activity, storage modulus change rate, gel water-holding capacity and hardness (P < 0.05). Furthermore, smaller and more uniformly sized droplets were produced in emulsion by basic amino acids. Individual basic amino acids had different prerigor salting effects, and it was indicated that basic amino acids could play a positive role in the prerigor salting effect when NaCl was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - J H Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - S Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Z Q Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - M A Jamali
- Department of Animal Products Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70060, Pakistan
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