1
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Wu Z, Zhang W, Zhao X, Xu X. Gastrointestinal digestion behavior and bioavailability of greenly prepared highly loaded myofibrillar-luteolin vehicle. Food Res Int 2024; 187:114413. [PMID: 38763665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the highly loaded myofibrillar protein (MP)-luteolin (Lut) complexes were noncovalently constructed by using green high-pressure homogenization technology (HPH) and high-pressure micro-fluidization technology (HPM), aiming to optimize the encapsulation efficiency of flavonoids in the protein-based vehicle without relying on the organic solvent (i.e. DMSO, ethanol, etc.). The loading efficiency of Lut into MPs could reach 100 % with a concentration of 120 μmol/g protein by using HPH (103 MPa, 2 passes) without ethanol adoption. The in vitro gastrointestinal digestion behavior and antioxidant activity of the complexes were then compared with those of ethanol-assisted groups. During gastrointestinal digestion, the MP digestibility of complexes, reaching more than 70.56 % after thermal treatment, was higher than that of sole protein. The release profile of Lut encapsulated in ethanol-containing and ethanol-free samples both well fitted with the Hixson-Crowell release kinetic model (R2 = 0.92 and 0.94, respectively), and the total phenol content decreased by ≥ 40.02 % and ≥ 62.62 %, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and Fe2+) of the digestive products was significantly improved by 23.89 %, 159.69 %, 351.12 % (ethanol groups) and 13.43 %, 125.48 %, 213.95 % (non-ethanol groups). The 3 mg/mL freeze-dried digesta significantly alleviated lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. The triglycerides and malondialdehyde contents decreased by at least 57.62 % and 67.74 % after digesta treatment. This study provides an easily approached and environment-friendly strategy to construct a highly loaded protein-flavonoid conjugate, which showed great potential in the formulation of healthier meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
| | - Xinglian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
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2
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Yang H, Mu Y, Zheng D, Puopolo T, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Gao S, Seeram NP, Ma H, Huang X, Li L. Caseinate-coated zein nanoparticles as potential delivery vehicles for guavinoside B from guava: Molecular interactions and encapsulation properties. Food Chem 2024; 456:140066. [PMID: 38901076 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Guavinoside B (GUB) is a characteristic constituent from guava with strong antioxidant activity; however, its low water solubility limits its utilization. Herein, we investigated the interaction between GUB and zein, a prolamin with self-assembling property, using multiple spectroscopic methods and fabricated GUB-zein-NaCas nanoparticles (GUB-Z-N NPs) via the antisolvent coprecipitation approach. GUB caused fluorescence quenching to zein via the static quenching mechanism. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and computational analysis revealed that GUB bound to zein via van der Waals interaction, hydrogen bond, and hydrophobic forces. The GUB-Z-N NPs were in the nanometric size range (< 200 nm) and exhibited promising encapsulation efficiency and redispersibility after freeze-drying. These particles remained stable for up to 31 days at 4 °C and great resistance to salt and pH variation, and displayed superior antioxidant activity to native GUB. The current study highlights the potential of zein-based nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for GUB in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoning Yang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Tess Puopolo
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Lejie Zhang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Sai Gao
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
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3
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Chen J, Zhang Z, Li H, Sun M, Tang H. Preparation, structural characterization, and functional attributes of zein-lysozyme-κ-carrageenan ternary nanocomposites for curcumin encapsulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132264. [PMID: 38734340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The low water solubility and inadequate bioavailability of curcumin significantly hinder its broad biological applications in the realms of food and medicine. There is limited information currently available regarding the particle characteristics and functional capabilities of zein-lysozyme-based nanomaterials. Thereby, the primary goal of the current work is to effectively develop innovative zein-lysozyme-κ-carrageenan complex nanocomposites (ZLKC) as a reliable carrier for curcumin encapsulation. As a result, ZLKC nanoparticles showed a smooth spherical nanostructure with improved encapsulation efficiency. Fourier-transform infrared, fluorescence spectroscopy, dissociation assay, and circular dichroism analysis revealed that hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding were pivotal in the construction and durability of these composites. X-ray diffraction examination affirmed the lack of crystallinity in curcumin encapsulated within nanoparticles. The incorporation of κ-carrageenan significantly improved the physicochemical stability of ZLKC nanoparticles in diverse environmental settings. Additionally, ZLKC nanocomposites demonstrated enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, as well as sustained release characteristics. Therefore, these findings demonstrate the potential application of ZLKC nanocomposites as delivery materials for encapsulating bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Zhuangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huihui Li
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Mengchu Sun
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Hongjin Tang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China.
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4
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Lei Y, Lee Y. Nanoencapsulation and delivery of bioactive ingredients using zein nanocarriers: approaches, characterization, applications, and perspectives. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1037-1057. [PMID: 38440671 PMCID: PMC10908974 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Zein has garnered widespread attention as a versatile material for nanosized delivery systems due to its unique self-assembly properties, amphiphilicity, and biocompatibility characteristics. This review provides an overview of current approaches, characterizations, applications, and perspectives of nanoencapsulation and delivery of bioactive ingredients within zein-based nanocarriers. Various nanoencapsulation strategies for bioactive ingredients using various types of zein-based nanocarrier structures, including nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanoemulsions, and nanogels, are discussed in detail. Factors affecting the stability of zein nanocarriers and characterization methods of bioactive-loaded zein nanocarrier structures are highlighted. Additionally, current applications of zein nanocarriers loaded with bioactive ingredients are summarized. This review will serve as a guide for the selection of appropriate nanoencapsulation techniques within zein nanocarriers and a comprehensive understanding of zein-based nanocarriers for specific applications in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01489-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Lei
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Youngsoo Lee
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University at Pullman, Pullman, WA 203, L.J. Smith Hall, 1935 E. Grimes Way99164-6120 USA
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5
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Chen X, Qin H, Zhai JM, Wang JH, Zhang YH, Chen Y, Wu YC, Li HJ. Co-encapsulation of curcumin and anthocyanins in bovine serum album-fucoidan nanocomplex with a two-step pH-driven method. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3100-3112. [PMID: 38072653 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin (CUR) and anthocyanins (ACN) are recommended due to their bioactivities. However, their nutritional values and health benefits are limited by their low oral bioavailability. The incorporation of bioactive substances into polysaccharide-protein composite nanoparticles is an effective way to enhance their bioavailability. Accordingly, this study explored the fabrication of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-fucoidan (FUC) hybrid nanoparticles using a two-step pH-driven method for the delivery of CUR and ACN. RESULTS Under a 1:1 weight ratio of BSA to FUC, the point of zero charge moved from pH ⁓ 4.7 for BSA to around 2.5 for FUC-coated BSA, and the formation of BSA-FUC nanocomplex was pH-dependent by showing the maximum CUR emission wavelength shifting from 546 nm (CUR-loaded BSA-FUC at pH 4.7) and 544 nm (CUR/ACN-loaded BSA-FUC nanoparticles at pH 4.7) to 540 nm (CUR-loaded BSA-FUC at pH 6.0) and 539 nm (CUR/ACN-loaded BSA-FUC nanoparticles at pH 6.0). Elevated concentrations of NaCl from 0 to 2.5 mol L-1 caused particle size increase from about 250 to about 800 nm, but showing no effect on the encapsulation efficiency of CUR. The CUR and ACN entrapped, respectively, in the inner and outer regions of the BSA-FUC nanocomplex were released at different rates. After incubation for 10 h, more than 80% of ACN was released, while less than 25% of CUR diffused into the receiving medium, which fitted well to Logistic and Weibull models. CONCLUSION In summary, the BSA-FUC nanocomposites produced by a two-step pH-driven method could be used for the co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nutraceuticals. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhai
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Jun-Hu Wang
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Yu-He Zhang
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
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6
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Shehzad Q, Liu Z, Zuo M, Wang J. The role of polysaccharides in improving the functionality of zein coated nanocarriers: Implications for colloidal stability under environmental stresses. Food Chem 2024; 431:136967. [PMID: 37604006 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Zein has gained popularity over the past few years as an incredible food and bio-based materials. The potential functions and health benefits of zein microcapsules or micro-/nanoparticles in bioactive components delivery, structured emulsion, etc., have received great attention. However, the development has been limited by colloidal destabilization, especially when thermal processing is involved. There is a recent trend in developing zein-polysaccharide complexes (ZPCs), which has tremendously improved the performance of zein-based colloidal carrier systems or emulsions. Increasing our understanding of zein interactions and their contribution to the structure of various macromolecules can help us to develop novel biomaterials that can be used in food, agriculture, biomedicine, and cosmetics. In addition, these nanocarriers are suitable for the encapsulation and delivery of bioactive compounds which have positive perspective in food industry. Therefore, this article aimed to review recent advances in the ZPCs that can be applied to functional or health-promoting foods, with a focus on the characteristics of different ZPCs, factors and mechanisms affecting the stability (especially thermal stability) of these complexes, and their application in food industry as a carrier for BCs. Further, the stability of ZPCs based emulsions under processing and physiological environments, as well some typical effective methods are introduced. Also, the principal challenges and prospects were enumerated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qayyum Shehzad
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Zelong Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Min Zuo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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7
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Zhong Q, Reyes-Jurado F, Calumba KF. Structured soft particulate matters for delivery of bioactive compounds in foods and functioning in the colon. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:277-293. [PMID: 38090993 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00866e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The present review discusses challenges, perspectives, and current needs of delivering bioactive compounds (BCs) using soft particulate matters (SPMs) for gut health. SPMs can entrap BCs for incorporation in foods, preserve their bioactivities during processing, storage, and gastrointestinal digestion, and deliver BCs to functioning sites in the colon. To enable these functions, physical, chemical, and biological properties of BCs are integrated in designing various types of SPMs to overcome environmental factors reducing the bioavailability and bioactivity of BCs. The design principles are applied using food grade molecules with the desired properties to produce SPMs by additionally considering the cost, sustainability, and scalability of manufacturing processes. Lastly, to make delivery systems practical, impacts of SPMs on food quality are to be evaluated case by case, and health benefits of functional foods incorporated with delivery systems are to be confirmed and must outweigh the cost of preparing SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | | | - Kriza Faye Calumba
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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8
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Wang L, Mao J, Zhou Q, Deng Q, Zheng L, Shi J. A curcumin oral delivery system based on sodium caseinate and carboxymethylpachymaran nanocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126698. [PMID: 37678690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The food industry has paid lots of attentions to curcumin because of its potential bioactive qualities. However, its use is severely constrained by its low bioavailability, stability and water solubility. Herein, we created sodium caseinate and carboxymethylpachymaran (CMP) nanoparticles (SMCNPs) that were loaded with curcumin. The composite nanoparticles were spherical, as characterized by SEM and TEM, the fluorescence spectroscopy, FTIR and XRD research revealed that hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction were the main drivers behind the creation of the nanoparticles. The SMCNPs exhibited lower particle size, greater dispersion and higher encapsulation rate when the mass ratio of sodium caseinate to CMP was 3:5 (particle size of 166.8 nm, PDI of 0.15, and encapsulation efficiency of 88.07 %). The composite nanoparticles had good antioxidant activity, physical stability and sustained release effect on intestinal tract during the in vitro simulation experiments, successfully preventing the early release of curcumin into gastric fluid. Finally, cytotoxicity studies told that the prepared composite nanoparticles have good biocompatibility and can inhibit the growth of tumor cells (HT-29). In conclusion, using CMP and sodium caseinate as carriers in this study may open up a fresh, environmentally friendly, and long-lasting way to construct a bioactive material delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jin Mao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Qianchun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crop, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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9
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Silva PM, Gonçalves C, Pastrana LM, Coimbra MA, Vicente AA, Cerqueira MA. Recent advances in oral delivery systems of resveratrol: foreseeing their use in functional foods. Food Funct 2023; 14:10286-10313. [PMID: 37947452 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03065b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we review the current state-of-the-art on the use of micro- and nano-delivery systems, a possible solution to some of the drawbacks associated with the incorporation of resveratrol in foods. Specifically, we present an overview of a wide range of micro-nanostructures, namely, lipidic and polymeric, used for the delivery of resveratrol. Also, the gastrointestinal fate of resveratrol-loaded micro-nanostructures, as a critical parameter for their use as functional food, is explored in terms of stability, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability. Different micro-nanostructures are of interest for the development of functional foods given that they can provide different advantages and properties to these foods and even be tailor-made to address specific issues (e.g., controlled or targeted release). Therefore, we discuss a wide range of micro-nanostructures, namely, lipidic and polymeric, used to deliver resveratrol and aimed at the development of functional foods. It has been reported that the use of some production methodologies can be of greater interest than others, for example, emulsification, solvent displacement and electrohydrodynamic processing (EHDP) enable a greater increase in bioaccessibility. Additionally, the use of coatings facilitates further improvements in bioaccessibility, which is likely due to the increased gastric stability of the coated micro-nanostructures. Other properties, such as mucoadhesion, can also help improve bioaccessibility due to the increase in gut retention time. Additionally, cytotoxicity (e.g., biocompatibility, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory) and possible sensorial impact of resveratrol-loaded micro- and nano-systems in foods are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Gonçalves
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Lorenzo M Pastrana
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Antonio A Vicente
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory (LABBELS), Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Miguel A Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal.
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10
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Sun S, Zhang X, Li J, Li Y, Zhou C, Xiang S, Tan M. Preparation and evaluation of ovalbumin-fucoidan nanoparticles for nicotinamide mononucleotide encapsulation with enhanced stability and anti-aging activity. Food Chem 2023; 418:135982. [PMID: 36996645 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been recognized as a promising bio-active compound in relieving aging-related mitochondrial dysfunction. Self-assembled nanoparticles were prepared based on interaction between ovalbumin (OVA) and fucoidan to improve the stability and bio-accessibility of NMN. The OVA-fucoidan nanoparticles (OFNPs) displayed outstanding thermal stability and entrapment ability of NMN. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining characterization indicated that NMN encapsulated by OFNPs could effectively alleviate the cellular senescence of d-galactose-induced senescent cells. In vivo Caenorhabitis elegans experiment demonstrated that NMN-loaded OFNPs caused less accumulation of lipofuscin and protected NMN from thermal damage. Compared with free NMN, the NMN-loaded OFNPs prolonged lifespan from 28 to 31 days, increased 26% reproductive ability, and improved 12% body length of Caenorhabitis elegans. The results indicated that the use of nanocarriers could be a good strategy to improve anti-oxidative stress and anti-aging ability of NMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Sun
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xuedi Zhang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Li
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengfu Zhou
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyuan Xiang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Gangjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
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11
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Zhong M, Sun Y, Song H, Wang S, Qi B, Li X, Li Y. Ethanol as a switch to induce soybean lipophilic protein self-assembly and resveratrol delivery. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100698. [PMID: 37397220 PMCID: PMC10314170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-based nanoparticles or nanocarriers of emulsion systems have piqued the interest of nutrition and health care goods. As a result, this work examines the characterisation of ethanol-induced soybean lipophilic protein (LP) self-assembly for resveratrol (Res) encapsulation, particularly the influence on emulsification. By varying the ethanol content ([E]) in the range of 0-70% (v/v), the structure, size, and morphology of LP nanoparticles may be adjusted. Similarly, the self-assembled LPs have a strong [E] dependency on the encapsulation efficiency of Res. For [E] = 40% (v/v), Res had the highest encapsulation efficiency (EE) and load capacity (LC) of 97.1% and 141.0 μg/mg nanoparticles, respectively. Most of the Res was encapsulated by the hydrophobic core of LP. Moreover, for [E] = 40% (v/v), LP-Res showed significantly improved emulsifying properties, independent of low-oil or high-oil emulsion systems. Furthermore, the ethanol-induced production of appropriate aggregates increased emulsion system stability, hence increasing Res retention during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yufan Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hanyu Song
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150028, China
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12
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Li D, Wei Z, Li X. Development, Characterization and Resveratrol Delivery of Hollow Gliadin Nanoparticles: Advantages over Solid Gliadin Nanoparticles. Foods 2023; 12:2436. [PMID: 37444174 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hollow nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention due to their advantages such as high loading capacity and superior stability. However, the complexity of the preparation process and harmfulness of the used raw materials have limited their application in the food field. Based on this, hollow gliadin nanoparticles (HGNPs) were developed using a Na2CO3 sacrificial template method. The findings of this study suggested that HGNPs could be regarded as a delivery system for resveratrol (Res) and they exhibited excellent delivery performance. Compared with solid gliadin nanoparticles (SGNPs), the HGNPs displayed smaller particle sizes, better physical stability, higher encapsulation efficiency, stronger resistance to ultraviolet light and a more sustained release of Res in the gastrointestinal tract. This work is of practical significance for the development and utilization of protein-based nanoparticles with hollow structures as a delivery system for sensitive bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
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13
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Li R, Zhang Z, Chen J, Li H, Tang H. Investigating of zein-gum arabic-tea polyphenols ternary complex nanoparticles for luteolin encapsulation: Fabrication, characterization, and functional performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125059. [PMID: 37244348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin has extensive biological effects, but its low water-solubility and oral bioavailability have restricted its application. In this study, we successfully prepared new zein-gum arabic (GA)-tea polyphenols (TP) ternary complex nanoparticles (ZGTL) as a delivery system to encapsulate luteolin using an anti-solvent precipitation method. Consequently, ZGTL nanoparticles showed negatively charged smooth spherical structures with smaller particle size and higher encapsulation ability. X-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous state of luteolin in the nanoparticles. Hydrophobic, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interactions contributed to the formation and stability of ZGTL nanoparticles, as indicated by fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectra analyses. The inclusion of TP improved the physicochemical stability and luteolin retention rate of ZGTL nanoparticles by forming more compact nanostructures under different environmental conditions, including pH, salt ion concentration, temperature, and storage. Additionally, ZGTL nanoparticles exhibited stronger antioxidant activity and better sustainable release capacity under simulated gastrointestinal conditions due to TP incorporation. These findings demonstrate that ZGT complex nanoparticles have potential applications as an effective delivery system for encapsulating bioactive substances in food and medicine fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Zhuangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jin Chen
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Huihui Li
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China
| | - Hongjin Tang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, PR China.
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14
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Ji C, Khan MA, Chen K, Liang L. Coating of DNA and DNA complexes on zein particles for the encapsulation and protection of kaempferol and α-tocopherol. J FOOD ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2023.111520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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15
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Zhang H, Liu R, Wang J, Cui SW, Wang S, Wang B, Zhang N, Yang X, Li J, Wang H. Fabrication, characterization, and lipid-lowering effects of naringenin-zein-sodium caseinate-galactosylated chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123150. [PMID: 36621730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin is a natural flavonoid that is widely distributed in citrus fruits and pharmacologically demonstrated to licit lipid-lowering activity. However, the clinical relevance of naringenin is limited due to its poor water solubility and inefficient absorption. In this study, we designed and developed naringenin-zein-sodium caseinate-galactosylated chitosan nanoparticles (GC-NPs) for hepatocyte-specific targeting, with naringenin-zein-sodium caseinate-chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) as a control. Electrostatic adsorption was the primary binding mode in the GC-NPs and CS-NPs. Moreover, the particle size and zeta potential of GC-NPs were larger than those of CS-NPs and both types of nanoparticles had similar encapsulation rates. In vitro study experiments demonstrated that GC-NPs aggregated inside and outside of the cell membrane and significantly inhibited total triglyceride and cholesterol levels in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells (p < 0.05). In high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice, GC-NPs administration visibly improved the body weight, total cholesterol, and triglyceride content in the serum and liver, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels improved, which corresponded to liver histological results. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that GC-NPs exhibited higher lipid-lowering activity than CS-NPs and naringenin monomers. These results suggest that GC-NPs are effective for oral delivery of naringenin in lipid-lowering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jilite Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Inner Mongolia, Bayannur, China
| | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road W, Guelph N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Shaoyu Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Biao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Tianjin Food Safety Inspection Technology Institute, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin 300457, China.
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16
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Chen X, Wu YC, Qian LH, Zhang YH, Gong PX, Liu W, Li HJ. Fabrication of foxtail millet prolamin/caseinate/chitosan hydrochloride composite nanoparticles using antisolvent and pH-driven methods for curcumin delivery. Food Chem 2023; 404:134604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Ma L, Gao T, Cheng H, Li N, Huang W, Liang L. Encapsulation of Folic Acid and α-Tocopherol in Lysozyme Particles and Their Bioaccessibility in the Presence of DNA. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030564. [PMID: 36978812 PMCID: PMC10045426 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein particles have been reported as the potential carriers for the co-encapsulation of bioactive components. In this study, lysozyme, a basic protein, was used to simultaneously encapsulate folic acid and α-tocopherol at pH 4.0. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of folic acid or α-tocopherol increased with its respective concentration. Folic acid had no influence on the encapsulation of α-tocopherol. However, the encapsulation of folic acid was improved by α-tocopherol below 40 μg/mL but reduced by α-tocopherol at higher concentrations. The encapsulation by lysozyme shielded folic acid, α-tocopherol, or both partially from the attack of 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation. No masking effect of lysozyme encapsulation on α-tocopherol was found in DPPH antioxidant activity assay. Furthermore, the DNA coating was used to improve the dispersion of lysozyme with folic acid and α-tocopherol. The lysozyme/DNA particles with folic acid and α-tocopherol showed a homogenous size distribution of 180-220 nm with ζ-potential values between -33 and -36 mV. The release and bioaccessibility of folic acid in lysozyme/DNA with α-tocopherol were similar to that of folic acid alone, while the release of α-tocopherol was delayed and its bioaccessibility was improved by encapsulation in lysozyme/DNA with folic acid. The data gathered here would provide guidance for the use of lysozyme-based co-encapsulating carriers in the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ma
- State Key Lab. of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tiecheng Gao
- Fujian Zunjin Health Science and Technology Co., Ltd., and IBF International Inc., Quanzhou 362200, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Lab. of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ning Li
- Fujian Zunjin Health Science and Technology Co., Ltd., and IBF International Inc., Quanzhou 362200, China
| | - Weining Huang
- State Key Lab. of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Lab. of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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18
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Zhang X, Li Y, Wu Z, Li J, Li J, Deng S, Liu G. Development of carboxymethyl chitosan-coated zein/soy lecithin nanoparticles for the delivery of resveratrol. Food Funct 2023; 14:1636-1647. [PMID: 36691750 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work is to formulate a zein-based nanocomposite for the delivery of natural polyphenols. A proprietary atomizing/antisolvent precipitation (AAP) process was used to prepare carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)-coated zein/soy lecithin (SL) nanoparticles (ZLC NPs). At a suitable mass ratio of zein/SL/CMC (100 : 30 : 30), ZLC NPs with desirable redispersibility and physicochemical stability were successfully fabricated. After that, resveratrol (Res) as the representative natural polyphenol was encapsulated in ZLC NPs. The optimized Res/ZLC NPs exhibited a spherical morphology, small size (259.43 ± 2.47 nm), large zeta potential (-47.7 ± 0.66 mV), and high encapsulation efficiency (91.32 ± 4.01%) and loading capacity (5.27 ± 0.35%). Further characterization indicated that Res was encapsulated in the hydrophobic core of the ZLC matrix in an amorphous state. Compared to free Res, Res/ZLC NPs showed a 2.55-fold increase in the Res dissolution rate, a 2.27-fold increase in bioaccessibility, and a 1.69-fold increase in ABTS˙+ scavenging activity. Also, Res/ZLC NPs showed a higher Res retention rate (>68.0%) than free Res (<35.0%) over 45 days of storage. Therefore, ZLC NPs have promising potential as vehicles for natural polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| | - Yangjia Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| | - Zhenyao Wu
- Apeloa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| | - Junjian Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| | - Shiming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
| | - Guijin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
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19
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Liu G, An D, Li J, Deng S. Zein-based nanoparticles: Preparation, characterization, and pharmaceutical application. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1120251. [PMID: 36817160 PMCID: PMC9930992 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1120251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zein, as one of the natural and GRAS proteins in plant, is renewable, nontoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable. Over the past decade, many research efforts have been devoted to zein-based biomaterials for several industrial applications. Combining with research experiences in our research group, the preparation methods, characterizations and pharmaceutical applications of zein-based nanoparticles were summarized in this review. Zein NPs with different particle nanostructures have been prepared by chemical crosslinking, desolvating, dispersing and micromixing strategies. The pharmaceutical applications of zein NPs are mainly focus on the drug delivery. Zein NPs can improve the drug stability, increase the oral bioavailability, control the drug release and enhance the drug targeting, thereby improving the pharmaceutical effect effectively. More efforts are required to analyze the relationship among preparation methods, particle nanostructures and pharmaceutical properties in virtue of quality by design approach, and further promote the scale-up production and clinical application of zein NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijin Liu
- *Correspondence: Guijin Liu, ; Junjian Li, ; Shiming Deng,
| | | | - Junjian Li
- *Correspondence: Guijin Liu, ; Junjian Li, ; Shiming Deng,
| | - Shiming Deng
- *Correspondence: Guijin Liu, ; Junjian Li, ; Shiming Deng,
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20
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Huang X, Li T, Li S. Encapsulation of vitexin-rhamnoside based on zein/pectin nanoparticles improved its stability and bioavailability. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 6:100419. [PMID: 36582445 PMCID: PMC9792296 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of vitexin-rhamnoside (VR) isolated from hawthorn, it was encapsulated by the zein-pectin nanoparticles system. When the mass ratio of zein to pectin was 1:4, the particle size of nanoparticles was 222.7 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency of VR was 67%. Analysis with the scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the zein-VR-pectin nanoparticles were spherical and uniformly distributed. The hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions were the main forces to assemble the nanoparticles. The nanoparticle had good stability at pH 3-8.5 with particle sizes ranging from 234 to 251 nm, and the nanoparticles were able to resist the relatively lower ionic strength. In vitro simulated digestion and rat in vivo intestinal perfusion experiments showed that the nanoparticles exhibited significant slow-release properties and the highest absorption rate in the duodenal segment of rats, with Ka and Papp of 0.830 ± 0.11 and 17.004 ± 1.09. These results provided a theoretical and technological approach for the construction of flavonoids delivery system with slow-release properties and improved bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuoping Li
- Corresponding author. College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110086, China.
| | - Suhong Li
- Corresponding author. College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110086, China.
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21
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Wu B, Li Y, Li Y, Li H, Xia Q. The influence of Ca2+/K+ weight ratio on the physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion behavior of resveratrol-loaded Pickering emulsions encapsulated in alginate/κ-carrageenan hydrogel beads. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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22
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Zhao T, Huang K, Luo Y, Li Y, Cheng N, Mei X. Preparation and characterization of high internal phase Pickering emulsions stabilized by hordein-chitosan composite nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Sun Y, Wei Z, Xue C. Development of zein-based nutraceutical delivery systems: A systematic overview based on recent researches. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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24
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Pea protein based nanocarriers for lipophilic polyphenols: Spectroscopic analysis, characterization, chemical stability, antioxidant and molecular docking. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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25
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Wu B, Li Y, Li Y, Li H, Li L, Xia Q. Encapsulation of resveratrol-loaded Pickering emulsions in alginate/pectin hydrogel beads: Improved stability and modification of digestive behavior in the gastrointestinal tract. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:337-347. [PMID: 36152701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, alginate/pectin hydrogel beads were prepared with different mixing ratios (9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, and 5:5) to encapsulate resveratrol-loaded Pickering emulsions using Ca2+ crosslinking. The system with a suitable ratio of pectin and alginate can enhance the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study confirmed that the hydrogel beads were spherical, in which Pickering emulsion was distributed evenly within the polymer network. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) study indicated that the hydrogel beads were formed by physical cross-linking. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study demonstrated that resveratrol existed in hydrogel beads with an amorphous or dissolved form. Besides, the stability and antioxidant capacity suggested that hydrogel beads could offer protection to resveratrol by preventing degradation through environmental stresses, while maintaining its antioxidant capacity. Importantly, hydrogels significantly reduced the release of free fatty acids and resveratrol during in vitro digestion compared to emulsions, especially with the appropriate ratio of sodium alginate and pectin. Overall, Pickering emulsions-loaded alginate/pectin hydrogel beads could offer a novel option for the preparation of low-calorie foods and a potential substitute model for controlling the release of free fatty acids contributing to the transportation of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; School of Pharmacy Administration, Southeast University Chengxian Colleague, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Heng Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lele Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou 215123, China.
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26
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Single/co-encapsulation capacity and physicochemical stability of zein and foxtail millet prolamin nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Liu Q, Qin Y, Jiang B, Chen J, Zhang T. Development of self-assembled zein-fucoidan complex nanoparticles as a delivery system for resveratrol. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 216:112529. [PMID: 35561636 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a well-studied dietary polyphenol with diverse health-promoting bioactivities. However, the aqueous insolubility and chemical instability of resveratrol hamper its practical application. This study set out to address these limitations by constructing zein-fucoidan composite nanoparticles as a delivery system of resveratrol. The optimized resveratrol-loaded zein-fucoidan particles (RE-ZFP) were obtained at zein-to-fucoidan ratio of 2:1 (w/w) and zein-to-resveratrol ratio of 10:1 (w/w), and RE-ZFP showed evenly distributed and smoothly spherical microstructures, mean particle size of 121 nm, ζ-potential of - 41 mV, encapsulation efficiency for resveratrol of 95.4%. Electrostatic, steric, hydrophobic, and hydrogen-bonding interactions were major forces required to form RE-ZFP. In addition, RE-ZFP exhibited greater photostability and colloidal stability (including pH, ionic, and storage stabilities) than resveratrol-loaded zein particles (RE-ZP). Particularly, RE-ZFP showed fairly good pH stability. Moreover, zein-fucoidan-based delivery system exhibited a controlled release of resveratrol under in vitro digestion. Finally, zein-fucoidan nanocarriers presented extremely low cytotoxicity to HIEC-6 cells. All the findings demonstrate that the zein-fucoidan nanoparticles developed in the current work will be a prospective strategy for loading resveratrol and other hydrophobic bioactive ingredients and thus extending their application in nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Xing M, Zhao H, Ahmed R, Wang X, Liu J, Wang J, Guo A, Wang M. Fabrication of Resveratrol-loaded Zein Nanoparticles based on Flash Nanoprecipitation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Whey Protein Isolate Nanofibers Prepared by Subcritical Water Stabilized High Internal Phase Pickering Emulsion to Deliver Curcumin. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111625. [PMID: 35681375 PMCID: PMC9179974 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to design a Pickering emulsion (PE) stabilized by whey protein isolate nanofibers (WPINs) prepared with subcritical water (SW) to encapsulate and prevent curcumin (Cur) degradation. Cur-loaded WPINs–SW stabilized PE (WPINs–SW–PE) and hydrothermally prepared WPINs stabilized PE (WPINs–H–PE) were characterized using the particle size, zeta potential, Congo Red, CD, and TEM. The results indicated that WPINs–SW–PE and WPINs–H–PE showed regular spherical shapes with average lengths of 26.88 ± 1.11 μm and 175.99 ± 2.31 μm, and zeta potential values were −38.00 ± 1.00 mV and −34.60 ± 2.03 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiencies of WPINs–SW–PE and WPINs–H–PE for Cur were 96.72 ± 1.05% and 94.07 ± 2.35%. The bio-accessibility of Cur of WPINs–SW–PE and WPINs–H–PE were 57.52 ± 1.24% and 21.94 ± 2.09%. In addition, WPINs–SW–PE had a better loading effect and antioxidant activities compared with WPINs–H–PE. SW could be a potential processing method to prepare a PE, laying the foundation for the subsequent production of functional foods.
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Zhang X, Lu Y, Zhao R, Wang C, Wang C, Zhang T. Study on simultaneous binding of resveratrol and curcumin to β-lactoglobulin: Multi-spectroscopic, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Maillard-Type Protein-Polysaccharide Conjugates and Electrostatic Protein-Polysaccharide Complexes as Delivery Vehicles for Food Bioactive Ingredients: Formation, Types, and Applications. Gels 2022; 8:gels8020135. [PMID: 35200516 PMCID: PMC8871776 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their combination of featured properties, protein and polysaccharide-based carriers show promising potential in food bioactive ingredient encapsulation, protection, and delivery. The formation of protein–polysaccharide complexes and conjugates involves non-covalent interactions and covalent interaction, respectively. The common types of protein–polysaccharide complex/conjugate-based bioactive ingredient delivery systems include emulsion (conventional emulsion, nanoemulsion, multiple emulsion, multilayered emulsion, and Pickering emulsion), microcapsule, hydrogel, and nanoparticle-based delivery systems. This review highlights the applications of protein–polysaccharide-based delivery vehicles in common bioactive ingredients including polyphenols, food proteins, bioactive peptides, carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals. The loaded food bioactive ingredients exhibited enhanced physicochemical stability, bioaccessibility, and sustained release in simulated gastrointestinal digestion. However, limited research has been conducted in determining the in vivo oral bioavailability of encapsulated bioactive compounds. An in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion model incorporating gut microbiota and a mucus layer is suggested for future studies.
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Bai Y, Chen X, Qi H. Characterization and bioactivity of phlorotannin loaded protein-polysaccharide nanocomplexes. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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33
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Surface coating of zein nanoparticles to improve the application of bioactive compounds: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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34
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Enhanced Stability and Oral Bioavailability of Cannabidiol in Zein and Whey Protein Composite Nanoparticles by a Modified Anti-Solvent Approach. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030376. [PMID: 35159526 PMCID: PMC8833932 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wide applications of cannabidiol (CBD) in the food and pharmaceutical industries are limited due to its low bioavailability, sensitivity to environmental pressures and low water solubility. Zein nanoparticles were stabilized by whey protein (WP) for the delivery of cannabidiol (CBD) using a modified anti-solvent approach. Particle size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency, and re-dispersibility of nanoparticles were influenced by the zein to WP ratio. Under optimized conditions at 1:4, zein–WP nanoparticles were fabricated with CBD (200 μg/mL) and further characterized. WP absorbed on zein surface via hydrogen bond, hydrophobic forces, and electrostatic attraction. The zein–WP nanoparticles showed excellent storage stability (4 °C, dark) and effectively protected CBD degradation against heat and UV light. In vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that CBD in zein–WP nanoparticles displayed 2-times and 1.75-fold enhancement in maximum concentration (C max) and the area under curve (AUC) as compared to free-form CBD. The data indicated the feasibility of developing zein–WP based nanoparticles for the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of CBD.
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35
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Chen Y, Gao X, Liu S, Cai Q, Wu L, Sun Y, Xia G, Wang Y. Establishment and Characterization of Stable Zein/Glycosylated Lactoferrin Nanoparticles to Enhance the Storage Stability and in vitro Bioaccessibility of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone. Front Nutr 2022; 8:806623. [PMID: 35047548 PMCID: PMC8763018 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.806623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the lactoferrin (LF) was glycosylated by dextran (molecular weight 10, 40, and 70 kDa, LF 10K, LF 40K, and LF 70K) via Maillard reaction as a stabilizer to establish zein/glycosylated LF nanoparticles and encapsulate 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF). Three zein/glycosylated LF nanoparticles (79.27–87.24 nm) with low turbidity (<0.220) and polydispersity index (PDI) (<0.230) were successfully established by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Compared with zein/LF nanoparticles, zein/glycosylated LF nanoparticles further increased stability to ionic strength (0–500 mM NaCl) at low pH conditions. Zein/glycosylated LF nanoparticles had nanoscale spherical shape and glycosylated LF changed surface morphology of zein nanoparticles. Besides, encapsulated 7,8-DHF exhibited an amorphous state inside zein/glycosylated LF nanoparticles. Most importantly, zein/glycosylated LF nanoparticles had good water redispersibility, high encapsulation efficiency (above 98.50%), favorable storage stability, and bioaccessibility for 7,8-DHF, particularly LF 40K. Collectively, the above research provides a theoretical reference for the application of zein-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shucheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qiuxing Cai
- College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guobin Xia
- Department of Pediatrics Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yueqi Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China.,Key Lab of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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36
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Gomes A, Sobral PJDA. Plant Protein-Based Delivery Systems: An Emerging Approach for Increasing the Efficacy of Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2021; 27:60. [PMID: 35011292 PMCID: PMC8746547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of plant protein-based delivery systems to protect and control lipophilic bioactive compound delivery (such as vitamins, polyphenols, carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids) has increased interest in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical fields. The quite significant ascension of plant proteins from legumes, oil/edible seeds, nuts, tuber, and cereals is motivated by their eco-friendly, sustainable, and healthy profile compared with other sources. However, many challenges need to be overcome before their widespread use as raw material for carriers. Thus, modification approaches have been used to improve their techno-functionality and address their limitations, aiming to produce a new generation of plant-based carriers (hydrogels, emulsions, self-assembled structures, films). This paper addresses the advantages and challenges of using plant proteins and the effects of modification methods on their nutritional quality, bioactivity, and techno-functionalities. Furthermore, we review the recent progress in designing plant protein-based delivery systems, their main applications as carriers for lipophilic bioactive compounds, and the contribution of protein-bioactive compound interactions to the dynamics and structure of delivery systems. Expressive advances have been made in the plant protein area; however, new extraction/purification technologies and protein sources need to be found Their functional properties must also be deeply studied for the rational development of effective delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Gomes
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, Semi-Industrial Building, Block C, São Paulo 05508-080, Brazil
| | - Paulo José do Amaral Sobral
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 250, Semi-Industrial Building, Block C, São Paulo 05508-080, Brazil
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Gagliardi A, Voci S, Bonacci S, Iriti G, Procopio A, Fresta M, Cosco D. SCLAREIN (SCLAREol contained in zeIN) nanoparticles: Development and characterization of an innovative natural nanoformulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:713-720. [PMID: 34717977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sclareol is a labdane diterpene which carries on a broad range of biological activities. However, its poor water solubility and bioavailability are the foremost drawbacks that limit its application in therapeutics. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a natural nanoformulation made up of a biopolymer i.e. zein and sclareol in order to address this issue and to enhance the pharmacological efficacy of the drug. The sclarein nanoparticles (sclareol-loaded zein nanosystems) showed a typical monomodal pattern, characterized by a mean diameter of ~120 nm, a narrow size distribution and a surface charge of ~-30 mV. The evaluation of the entrapment efficiency and the drug-loading capacity of the nanosystems demonstrated the noteworthy ability of the protein matrix to hold sclareol while allowing a gradual release of the compound over time. The nanosystems increased the cytotoxicity of sclareol at a drug concentration of ≥5 μM with respect to the free compound after just 24 h incubation against various cancer cell lines. Indeed, the interaction of tritiated sclarein formulations with cells showed a time-dependent cell uptake of the nanosystems commencing as early as 1 h from the onset of incubation, favouring a significant decrease of the efficacious concentration of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Gagliardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Silvia Voci
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Iriti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo Fresta
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donato Cosco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "S Venuta", I-88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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38
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Improving Physicochemical Stability of Quercetin-Loaded Hollow Zein Particles with Chitosan/Pectin Complex Coating. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091476. [PMID: 34573108 PMCID: PMC8470427 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow nanoparticles are preferred over solid ones for their high loading capabilities, sustained release and low density. Hollow zein particles are susceptible to aggregation with a slight variation in the ionic strength, pH and temperature of the medium. This study was aimed to fabricate quercetin-loaded hollow zein particles with chitosan and pectin coating to improve their physicochemical stability. Quercetin as a model flavonoid had a loading efficiency and capacity of about 86–94% and 2.22–5.89%, respectively. Infrared and X-ray diffraction investigations revealed the interaction of quercetin with zein and the change in its physical state from crystalline to amorphous upon incorporation in the composite particles. The chitosan/pectin coating improved the stability of quercetin-loaded hollow zein particles against heat treatment, sodium chloride and in a wide range of pH. The complex coating protected quercetin that was encapsulated in hollow zein particles from free radicals in the aqueous medium and enhanced its DPPH radical scavenging ability. The entrapment of quercetin in the particles improved its storage and photochemical stability. The storage stability of entrapped quercetin was enhanced both at 25 and 45 °C in hollow zein particles coated with chitosan and pectin. Therefore, composite hollow zein particles fabricated with a combination of polysaccharides can expand their role in the encapsulation, protection and delivery of bioactive components.
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Functionalized Chitosan Nanomaterials: A Jammer for Quorum Sensing. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152533. [PMID: 34372136 PMCID: PMC8348235 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The biggest challenge in the present-day healthcare scenario is the rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance due to the rampant use of antibiotics in daily therapeutics. Such drug resistance is associated with the enhancement of microbial virulence and the acquisition of the ability to evade the host’s immune response under the shelter of a biofilm. Quorum sensing (QS) is the mechanism by which the microbial colonies in a biofilm modulate and intercept communication without direct interaction. Hence, the eradication of biofilms through hindering this communication will lead to the successful management of drug resistance and may be a novel target for antimicrobial chemotherapy. Chitosan shows microbicidal activities by acting electrostatically with its positively charged amino groups, which interact with anionic moieties on microbial species, causing enhanced membrane permeability and eventual cell death. Therefore, nanoparticles (NPs) prepared with chitosan possess a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties that can adhere to microbial mucus membranes and release their drug load in a constant release manner. As the success in therapeutics depends on the targeted delivery of drugs, chitosan nanomaterial, which displays low toxicity, can be safely used for eradicating a biofilm through attenuating the quorum sensing (QS). Since the anti-biofilm potential of chitosan and its nano-derivatives are reported for various microorganisms, these can be used as attractive tools for combating chronic infections and for the preparation of functionalized nanomaterials for different medical devices, such as orthodontic appliances. This mini-review focuses on the mechanism of the downregulation of quorum sensing using functionalized chitosan nanomaterials and the future prospects of its applications.
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Bera H, Abosheasha MA, Ito Y, Ueda M. Etherified pullulan-polyethylenimine based nanoscaffolds improved chemosensitivity of erlotinib on hypoxic cancer cells. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 271:118441. [PMID: 34364579 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current research endeavor aimed to accomplish hypoxia-responsive polyethyleneimine-conjugated carboxymethyl pullulan-based co-polymer (CMP-HA-NI-PEI-NBA) bearing nitroaromatic subunits to efficiently deliver erlotinib (ERL) to reverse its hypoxia-induced resistance in cancer cells. As compared to a control co-polymer (CMP-HA-MI-PEI-BA) devoid of hypoxia-sensitive moieties, this scaffold demonstrated a hypochromic shift in the UV spectra and rapid dismantling of its self-assembled architecture upon exposure to simulated hypoxic condition. The hypoxia-responsive co-polymer encapsulated ERL with desirable loading capacity (DEE, 63.05 ± 2.59%), causing attenuated drug crystallinity. The drug release rate of the scaffold under reducing condition was faster relative to that of non-reducing environment. Their cellular uptake occurred through an energy-dependent endocytic process, which could exploit its caveolae/lipid raft-mediated internalization pathway. The ERL-loaded scaffolds more efficiently induced apoptosis and suppressed the proliferation of drug-resistant hypoxic HeLa cells than the pristine ERL. Hence, this study presented a promising drug delivery nanoplatform to overcome hypoxia-evoked ERL resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hriday Bera
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Mohammed A Abosheasha
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan; Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Motoki Ueda
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Wusigale, Wang T, Hu Q, Xue J, Khan MA, Liang L, Luo Y. Partition and stability of folic acid and caffeic acid in hollow zein particles coated with chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2282-2292. [PMID: 34102238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The carriers for hydrophobic bioactives have been extensively studied, while those for hydrophilic bioactives are still challenging. The partition of bioactives in the particles depends greatly on their solubility, interaction with carrier materials, as well as structure of carriers. In this study, chitosan-coated hollow zein particles using calcium phosphate as a sacrificing template (CS-HZ) were fabricated to co-encapsulate folic acid (FA) and caffeic acid (CA). Partition, photostability, and antioxidant capacity of bioactive compounds were also studied. The size, polydispersity index and ζ-potential of optimized CS-HZ were 176.3 nm, 0.14 and +39.3 mV, respectively, indicating their small and uniform dimension with excellent colloidal stability. FA interacted with chitosan to form complexes and then coated on the zein particles where CA was encapsulated. After co-encapsulation in CS-HZ, the photostability of both FA and CA was improved in comparison with encapsulation of single compound, with 85% of FA remaining after 240 min of UVA irradiation, and 90% of CA remaining after 80 min. Antioxidant activity of CA decreased upon encapsulation, but significantly increased after irradiation. Findings in this study shed some light on the design of carriers for co-delivery of hydrophilic compounds in acidic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusigale
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Taoran Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Qiaobin Hu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Jingyi Xue
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Muhammad Aslam Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yangchao Luo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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42
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Alvarado N, Abarca RL, Linares-Flores C. Two Fascinating Polysaccharides: Chitosan and Starch. Some Prominent Characterizations for Applying as Eco-Friendly Food Packaging and Pollutant Remover in Aqueous Medium. Progress in Recent Years: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1737. [PMID: 34073343 PMCID: PMC8198307 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The call to use biodegradable, eco-friendly materials is urgent. The use of biopolymers as a replacement for the classic petroleum-based materials is increasing. Chitosan and starch have been widely studied with this purpose: to be part of this replacement. The importance of proper physical characterization of these biopolymers is essential for the intended application. This review focuses on characterizations of chitosan and starch, approximately from 2017 to date, in one of their most-used applications: food packaging for chitosan and as an adsorbent agent of pollutants in aqueous medium for starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Alvarado
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel 8900000, Chile
| | - Romina L. Abarca
- Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Cristian Linares-Flores
- Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Procesos Sustentables, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel 8900000, Chile;
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Machado ND, Gutiérrez G, Matos M, Fernández MA. Preservation of the Antioxidant Capacity of Resveratrol via Encapsulation in Niosomes. Foods 2021; 10:988. [PMID: 33946473 PMCID: PMC8147147 DOI: 10.3390/foods10050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol which produces several benefits to human health, being the trans-isomer the most bioactive. However, its systemic absorption is limited due to its low water solubility, that reduces the oral bioavailability, and its chemical instability (owing to the trans-cis RSV isomer conversion upon light irradiation). Thus, encapsulation of this bioactive compound is required to protect it from destructive environmental conditions. Here, trans-RSV was encapsulated in food grade nanovesicles formed by Tween 80 and Span 80, with or without the addition of dodecanol (Dod) as membrane stabilizer. The size and shape of niosomes were evaluated by microscopy (TEM) and light scattering. RSV was successfully encapsulated in the vesicular systems (49-57%). The effect of Dod in the membrane bilayer was evaluated on the RSV in vitro release experiments under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The total antioxidant capacity of the encapsulated polyphenol was measured using radicals' assays (DPPH and ABTS). The niosomes were able to maintain almost the total antioxidant capacity of encapsulated RSV, also preserved the ~85% of trans-RSV, thus offering considerable protection against high energy irradiation. These results make these systems suitable for different applications, particularly for photosensitive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia D. Machado
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina;
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba, INFIQC-CONICET, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Gemma Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (G.G.); (M.M.)
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Matos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (G.G.); (M.M.)
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mariana A. Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina;
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-Química de Córdoba, INFIQC-CONICET, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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Sacco P, Pedroso-Santana S, Kumar Y, Joly N, Martin P, Bocchetta P. Ionotropic Gelation of Chitosan Flat Structures and Potential Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:660. [PMID: 33513925 PMCID: PMC7865838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The capability of some polymers, such as chitosan, to form low cost gels under mild conditions is of great application interest. Ionotropic gelation of chitosan has been used predominantly for the preparation of gel beads for biomedical application. Only in the last few years has the use of this method been extended to the fabrication of chitosan-based flat structures. Herein, after an initial analysis of the major applications of chitosan flat membranes and films and their usual methods of synthesis, the process of ionotropic gelation of chitosan and some recently proposed novel procedures for the synthesis of flat structures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Sacco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Seidy Pedroso-Santana
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile;
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, ARSD College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India;
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d’Artois—UniLasalle, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France; (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrick Martin
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d’Artois—UniLasalle, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France; (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Jhaveri J, Raichura Z, Khan T, Momin M, Omri A. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Insight into Properties, Functionalization and Applications in Drug Delivery and Theranostics. Molecules 2021; 26:E272. [PMID: 33430478 PMCID: PMC7827344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based development of drug delivery systems is an attractive area of research in formulation driven R&D laboratories that makes administration of new and complex drugs feasible. It plays a significant role in the design of novel dosage forms by attributing target specific drug delivery, controlled drug release, improved, patient friendly drug regimen and lower side effects. Polysaccharides, especially chitosan, occupy an important place and are widely used in nano drug delivery systems owing to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review focuses on chitosan nanoparticles and envisages to provide an insight into the chemistry, properties, drug release mechanisms, preparation techniques and the vast evolving landscape of diverse applications across disease categories leading to development of better therapeutics and superior clinical outcomes. It summarizes recent advancement in the development and utility of functionalized chitosan in anticancer therapeutics, cancer immunotherapy, theranostics and multistage delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvi Jhaveri
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India; (J.J.); (Z.R.)
| | - Zarna Raichura
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India; (J.J.); (Z.R.)
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Munira Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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