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Abbas Y, Yun S, Mehmood A, Shah FA, Wang K, Eldin ET, Al-Qahtani WH, Ali S, Bocchetta P. Co-digestion of cow manure and food waste for biogas enhancement and nutrients revival in bio-circular economy. Chemosphere 2023; 311:137018. [PMID: 36374782 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) with suitable substrate ratios may have the potential to improve biogas process and could play a better role in nutrient management for biocircular economy. The goal of this study was to enhance biogas yield from AcoD of cow manure (CM) and canteen food waste (CFW), and pertinent co-digestion of suitable substrate ratios for nutrient management i. e NPK from linear to biocircular economy, using ruminant intestinal fluid as a source of inoculum. A mesophilic (37 ± 1 °C) laboratory-scale AcoD with varying CFW/CM ratios of (0:1, 1:4, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 4:1, and 1:0) based on wet weight was performed. The AcoD systems of different CFW/CM ratios were evaluated with a loading rate of 400 g/L in the presence of 100 g cow intestinal fluid (CIF) inoculation. All experimental AcoD systems yielded greater biogas (147-300 cm3/g VS) than the mono-digestion in which only CM (135 cm3/g VS) and CFW (146 cm3/g VS) were digested anaerobically. The AcoD system of CFW/CM with 4:1 showed the highest biogas yield (300 cm3/g VS), and VS and COD reduction rate (39.51% and 65.15%, respectively), and nutrient contents (6.53%). Moreover, the experiment results were verified by modified Gompertz model. This work provided a window of opportunity to examine the anaerobic co-digestion technology beyond biogas production and to put the current low-cost technology to use for nutrient management and as a better component of the biocircular economy for agriculture in Pakistan in order to achieve sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Abbas
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Sining Yun
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China.
| | - Ayaz Mehmood
- Department of Soil and Climate Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan.
| | - Fayyaz Ali Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad-Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad. 22060, Pakistan
| | - Kaijun Wang
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Elsayed Tag Eldin
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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Sajjad M, Khan AJ, Eldin SM, Alothman AA, Ouladsmane M, Bocchetta P, Arifeen WU, Javed MS, Mao Z. A New CuSe-TiO 2-GO Ternary Nanocomposite: Realizing a High Capacitance and Voltage for an Advanced Hybrid Supercapacitor. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 13:nano13010123. [PMID: 36616031 PMCID: PMC9824226 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A high capacitance and widened voltage frames for an aqueous supercapacitor system are challenging to realize simultaneously in an aqueous medium. The severe water splitting seriously restricts the narrow voltage of the aqueous electrolyte beyond 2 V. To overcome this limitation, herein, we proposed the facile wet-chemical synthesis of a new CuSe-TiO2-GO ternary nanocomposite for hybrid supercapacitors, thus boosting the specific energy up to some maximum extent. The capacitive charge storage mechanism of the CuSe-TiO2-GO ternary nanocomposite electrode was tested in an aqueous solution with 3 M KOH as the electrolyte in a three-cell mode assembly. The voltammogram analysis manifests good reversibility and a remarkable capacitive response at various currents and sweep rates, with a durable rate capability. At the same time, the discharge/charge platforms realize the most significant capacitance and a capacity of 920 F/g (153 mAh/g), supported by the impedance analysis with minimal resistances, ensuring the supply of electrolyte ion diffusion to the active host electrode interface. The built 2 V CuSe-TiO2-GO||AC-GO||KOH hybrid supercapacitor accomplished a significant capacitance of 175 F/g, high specific energy of 36 Wh/kg, superior specific power of 4781 W/kg, and extraordinary stability of 91.3% retention relative to the stable cycling performance. These merits pave a new way to build other ternary nanocomposites to achieve superior performance for energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajjad
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Abdul Jabbar Khan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huangggang 438000, China
| | - Sayed M. Eldin
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Asma A. Alothman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Ouladsmane
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Waqas Ul Arifeen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si 38541, Gyeongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Sufyan Javed
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Correspondence: (M.S.J.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhiyu Mao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Correspondence: (M.S.J.); (Z.M.)
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Ishfaq S, Nisar S, Iqbal S, Ali S, Ali ST, Din E, Alsaiari NS, Dahlous KA, Javed MS, Bocchetta P. A New MBH Adduct as an Efficient Ligand in the Synthesis of Metallodrugs: Characterization, Geometrical Optimization, XRD, Biological Activities, and Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238150. [PMID: 36500251 PMCID: PMC9735827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the synthesis, characterization, geometrical optimization, and biological studies of new MBH-based organometallic compounds of medicinal significance. The ligand (MNHA) was prepared via the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) synthetic route, from aromatic aldehyde containing multiple functional groups. Metal complexes were prepared in an alkaline medium and under other suitable reaction conditions. Spectral and elemental analyses were used to identify the structural and molecular formulas of each compound. Optimized geometry was determined through density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP and 6-311++ G (d,p) basis set for the MBH adduct, whereas structures of novel complexes were optimized with the semi-empirical PM6 method. Powder XRD analysis furnished the crystal class of complexes, with Co3+, Cr3+, and Mn2+ being cubic, while Ni2+ was hexagonal, and Cu2+ was orthorhombic. Moreover, the ligand, along with Ni2+ and Co3+ complexes, showed profound antibacterial action against S. aureus, E. coli, B. pumilis, and S. typhi. Additionally, all of the complexes were shown to persist in the positive antioxidant potential of the ligand. Contrarily, not a single metal complex conserved the antifungal potentials of the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Ishfaq
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Nisar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (E.D.); (M.S.J.)
| | - Sadaf Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Kotli, Kotli 11100, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tariq Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - ElSayed Din
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (E.D.); (M.S.J.)
| | - Norah Salem Alsaiari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholood A. Dahlous
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sufyan Javed
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Correspondence: (S.N.); (E.D.); (M.S.J.)
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Khan QU, Begum N, Rehman ZU, Khan AU, Tahir K, Tag El Din ESM, Alothman AA, Habila MA, Liu D, Bocchetta P, Javed MS. Development of Efficient and Recyclable ZnO-CuO/g-C 3N 4 Nanocomposite for Enhanced Adsorption of Arsenic from Wastewater. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3984. [PMID: 36432270 PMCID: PMC9698871 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (III) is a toxic contaminant in water bodies, especially in drinking water reservoirs, and it is a great challenge to remove it from wastewater. For the successful extraction of arsenic (III), a nanocomposite material (ZnO-CuO/g-C3N4) has been synthesized by using the solution method. The large surface area and plenty of hydroxyl groups on the nanocomposite surface offer an ideal platform for the adsorption of arsenic (III) from water. Specifically, the reduction process involves a transformation from arsenic (III) to arsenic (V), which is favorable for the attachment to the -OH group. The modified surface and purity of the nanocomposite were characterized by SEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR, HRTEM, and BET models. Furthermore, the impact of various aspects (temperatures, pH of the medium, the concentration of adsorbing materials) on adsorption capacity has been studied. The prepared sample displays the maximum adsorption capacity of arsenic (III) to be 98% at pH ~ 3 of the medium. Notably, the adsorption mechanism of arsenic species on the surface of ZnO-CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite at different pH values was explained by surface complexation and structural variations. Moreover, the recycling experiment and reusability of the adsorbent indicate that a synthesized nanocomposite has much better adsorption efficiency than other adsorbents. It is concluded that the ZnO-CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite can be a potential candidate for the enhanced removal of arsenic from water reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qudrat Ullah Khan
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
- Zhongshan-Fudan Joint Innovation Center, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Nabila Begum
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Afaq Ullah Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kamran Tahir
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - El Sayed M. Tag El Din
- Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Asma A. Alothman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Habila
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dahai Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Muhammad Sufyan Javed
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Ahmed S, Rui W, Altaf F, Khan J, Bocchetta P, Zhang H. Ultrafast Studies of ZrTe 3 by Transient Absorption Spectrometer. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:5420. [PMID: 35955354 PMCID: PMC9369582 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) tri-TMDCs carrier dynamics provide a platform for studying excitons through Ultrafast Pump-Probe Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. Here we studied the ZrTe3 nanosheets (NTs) exciton dynamics by transient absorption (TA) spectrometer. We observed different carrier dynamics in the ZrTe3 NTs sample at different pump powers and with many wavelengths in the transient absorption spectrometer. The shorter life decay constant is associated with electron-phonon relaxation. Similarly, the longer-life decay constant represents the long live process that is associated with charge separation. The interactions between carrier-phonons at nanoscale materials can be changed by phonons quantum confinements. The hot carrier lifetime determined the strength of carrier phonon interactions. The value of fast decay in the conduction band is due to carrier relaxation or the carrier gets trapped due to surface states or localized defects. The value of slow decay is due to the recombination of surface state and localized defects processes. The lifetime declines for long wavelengths as size decreases. Whereas, during short wavelength-independent decay, carrier characteristics have been observed. TA spectroscopy is employed to investigate insight information of the carrier's dynamical processes such as carrier lifetime, cooling dynamics, carrier diffusion, and carrier excitations. The absorption enhanced along excitons density with the increase of pump power, which caused a greater number of carriers in the excited state than in the ground state. The TA signals consist of trap carriers and (electron-hole) constituents, which can be increased by TA changes that rely on photoexcitation and carrier properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmed
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wang Rui
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Faizah Altaf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Bagh 12500, Pakistan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Jahanzeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Han Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Kumar Y, Uke SJ, Kumar A, Merdikar SP, Gupta M, Thakur AK, Bocchetta P, Gupta A, Kumar V, Kumar Y. Triethanolamine–ethoxylate (TEA-EO) assisted hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical β-MnO2 nanorods: effect of surface morphology on capacitive performance. Nano Ex 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abef21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study we are presenting the synthesis of MnO2 nanorods using hydrothermal method assisted by facile tri-ethanolamine-ethoxylate. Structural (x-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement), functional (Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) and morphological (Field emission scanning electron microscope, Transmission electron microscopy) characterization conform the β-MnO2 nanostructure with a rod-like morphology and uniform thickness. The morphological variations of the nanorod thickness can be easily controlled by simply monitoring the reaction temperature. Comparative investigations of β-MnO2 samples synthesized at two different reaction temperatures (viz. 100 °C and 120 °C) used as a supercapacitive electrode material have been performed with the aid of different electrochemical techniques. With different electrolytes (Li2SO4 and Na2SO4), supercapacitor device is tested using Cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge discharge. Interestingly, the low temperature synthesized β-MnO2 nanorods sample exhibit superior electrochemical performance in 1 mol l−1 Li2SO4 electrolyte in terms of high specific capacitance (462 Fg−1 at10 mVs−1), energy density (9.72 WhKg−1), and outstanding cyclic stability (90.26% over 2000 cycles).
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Chami S, Joly N, Bocchetta P, Martin P, Aliouche D. Polyacrylamide Grafted Xanthan: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Rheological Behavior for Polymer Flooding. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13091484. [PMID: 34063011 PMCID: PMC8124169 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of polymer-flooding systems in secondary and tertiary oil recovery represents a real challenge for oil industry. In this work, our main objective is to explore possibilities of making use of xanthan-g-polyacrylamide for polymer flooding in a particular Devonian oilfield of medium salinity. The graft polymer was synthesized by using microwave-assisted graft copolymerization reaction of acrylamide on xanthan. The synthesized copolymer with optimized grafting parameters has been characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Analysis (DSC). Rheological analysis by steady shear and oscillatory flow experiments have been subsequently performed for xanthan and grafted xanthan under reservoir conditions. In steady shear, as expected the grafted polymer solutions flow as shear-thinning materials and apparent viscosity showed good fits with Cross's model. The viscosity losses due to salinity or temperature are more controlled for the grafted xanthan compared to pristine xanthan. When the grafted polymer concentration is increased to 2000 ppm the losses were halved. In oscillatory shear, the copolymer solutions followed a global behavior of semi-dilute entangled systems; furthermore, all dynamic properties were influenced by the brine salinity. Compared to xanthan, the elastic properties of xanthan-g-polyacrylamide solutions have been significantly improved in saline media and the losses in elasticity of grafted polymer solutions are lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souheyla Chami
- Laboratory of Polymers Treatment & Forming, Faculty of Technology, M’Hamed Bougara University, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria; (S.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Univ Artois, UniLaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France;
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Patrick Martin
- Univ Artois, UniLaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Djamel Aliouche
- Laboratory of Polymers Treatment & Forming, Faculty of Technology, M’Hamed Bougara University, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria; (S.C.); (D.A.)
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Bharti, Kumar A, Ahmed G, Gupta M, Bocchetta P, Adalati R, Chandra R, Kumar Y. Theories and models of supercapacitors with recent advancements: impact and interpretations. Nano Ex 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abf8c2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Supercapacitors provide remarkable eco-friendly advancement in energy conversion and storage with a huge potential to control the future economy of the entire world. Currently, industries focus on the design and engineering aspects of supercapacitors with high performance (high energy), flexibility (by the use of composite polymer based electrolytes), high voltage (ionic liquid) and low cost. The paper reviews the modelling techniques like Empirical modelling, Dissipation transmission line models, Continuum models, Atomistic models, Quantum models, Simplified analytical models etc. proposed for the theoretical study of Supercapacitors and discusses their limitations in studying all the aspects of Supercapacitors. It also reviews the various software packages available for Supercapacitor (SC) modelling and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. The paper also reviews the Experimental advancements in the field of electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs), pseudo capacitors and hybrid/asymmetric supercapacitors and discusses the commercial progress of supercapacitors as well.
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Sacco P, Pedroso-Santana S, Kumar Y, Joly N, Martin P, Bocchetta P. Ionotropic Gelation of Chitosan Flat Structures and Potential Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:660. [PMID: 33513925 PMCID: PMC7865838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The capability of some polymers, such as chitosan, to form low cost gels under mild conditions is of great application interest. Ionotropic gelation of chitosan has been used predominantly for the preparation of gel beads for biomedical application. Only in the last few years has the use of this method been extended to the fabrication of chitosan-based flat structures. Herein, after an initial analysis of the major applications of chitosan flat membranes and films and their usual methods of synthesis, the process of ionotropic gelation of chitosan and some recently proposed novel procedures for the synthesis of flat structures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Sacco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Seidy Pedroso-Santana
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, 4030000 Concepción, Chile;
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, ARSD College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India;
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d’Artois—UniLasalle, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France; (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrick Martin
- Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Université d’Artois—UniLasalle, ULR7519, F-62408 Béthune, France; (N.J.); (P.M.)
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Bocchetta P, Frattini D, Ghosh S, Mohan AMV, Kumar Y, Kwon Y. Soft Materials for Wearable/Flexible Electrochemical Energy Conversion, Storage, and Biosensor Devices. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E2733. [PMID: 32560176 PMCID: PMC7345738 DOI: 10.3390/ma13122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation wearable technology needs portable flexible energy storage, conversion, and biosensor devices that can be worn on soft and curved surfaces. The conformal integration of these devices requires the use of soft, flexible, light materials, and substrates with similar mechanical properties as well as high performances. In this review, we have collected and discussed the remarkable research contributions of recent years, focusing the attention on the development and arrangement of soft and flexible materials (electrodes, electrolytes, substrates) that allowed traditional power sources and sensors to become viable and compatible with wearable electronics, preserving or improving their conventional performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Domenico Frattini
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea;
| | - Srabanti Ghosh
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad de Alcala (UAH), Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Allibai Mohanan Vinu Mohan
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India;
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, ARSD College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India;
| | - Yongchai Kwon
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea;
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
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11
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Bocchetta P. Ionotropic Gelation of Chitosan for Next-Generation Composite Proton Conducting Flat Structures. Molecules 2020; 25:E1632. [PMID: 32252314 PMCID: PMC7180786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Ionotropic gelation of cost-effective and eco-friendly biopolymer chitosan (Chit) is a novel and promising approach to the one-step synthesis of proton-conducting fuel cell bio-membranes.The method discovered by the author in 2011 and subsequently drowned among very few papers. This work aimed to relaunch this method through clear and effective communication of new unpublished results emphasizing the key aspects of this topic for successful dissemination of the results and significant future developments. (2) Methods and results: The mechanism of in-situ ionotropic gelation of Chit on an alumina substrate by phosphotungtate anions (PWA3-) was discussed and analyzed. The study sheds light on the effect of prolonged post-treatment in phosphotungstic acid (PWA) solution on the obtained chitosan/phosphotungstate (Chit-PWA) flat structures. Methods used included combined structural (XRD), thermal-gravimetric (DTG), electrochemical (in-situ EIS), compositional (EDX),morphological analysis (SEM), as well as the performances in a low temperature H2/O2 fuel cell(4) Conclusions: This contribution discloses novel possibilities aimed at increasing the impact of ionotropic gelation of chitosan on the scientific community working on the synthesis of novel proton conductive bio-composite membranes and structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Bozzini B, Bocchetta P, Kourousias G, Gianoncelli A. Electrodeposition of Mn-Co/Polypyrrole Nanocomposites: An Electrochemical and In Situ Soft-X-ray Microspectroscopic Investigation. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9010017. [PMID: 30970694 PMCID: PMC6432351 DOI: 10.3390/polym9010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the lateral variations in the elemental and chemical state of constituents induced by electrochemical reactions at nanoscales is crucial for the advancement of electrochemical materials science. This requires in situ studies to provide observables that contribute to both modeling beyond the phenomenological level and exactly transducing the functionally relevant quantities. A range of X-ray coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) approaches have recently been proposed for imaging beyond the diffraction limit with potentially dramatic improvements in time resolution with chemical sensitivity. In this paper, we report a selection of ptychography results obtained in situ during the electrodeposition of a metal–polymer nanocomposite. Our selection includes dynamic imaging during electrochemically driven growth complemented with absorption and phase spectroscopy with high lateral resolution. We demonstrate the onset of morphological instability feature formation and correlate the chemical state of Mn with the local growth rate controlled by the current density distribution resulting from morphological evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Bozzini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - George Kourousias
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. strada statale 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34012 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. strada statale 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34012 Trieste, Italy.
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Bocchetta P, Sánchez CR, Taurino A, Bozzini B. Accurate Assessment of the Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalytic Activity of Mn/Polypyrrole Nanocomposites Based on Rotating Disk Electrode Measurements, Complemented with Multitechnique Structural Characterizations. J Anal Methods Chem 2016; 2016:2030675. [PMID: 28042491 PMCID: PMC5155125 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2030675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on the quantitative assessment of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalytic activity of electrodeposited Mn/polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites for alkaline aqueous solutions, based on the Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) method and accompanied by structural characterizations relevant to the establishment of structure-function relationships. The characterization of Mn/PPy films is addressed to the following: (i) morphology, as assessed by Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM); (ii) local electrical conductivity, as measured by Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM); and (iii) molecular structure, accessed by Raman Spectroscopy; these data provide the background against which the electrocatalytic activity can be rationalised. For comparison, the properties of Mn/PPy are gauged against those of graphite, PPy, and polycrystalline-Pt (poly-Pt). Due to the literature lack of accepted protocols for precise catalytic activity measurement at poly-Pt electrode in alkaline solution using the RDE methodology, we have also worked on the obtainment of an intralaboratory benchmark by evidencing some of the time-consuming parameters which drastically affect the reliability and repeatability of the measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Carolina Ramírez Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo de Materiales-CIDEMAT, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Antonietta Taurino
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, IMM-CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Benedetto Bozzini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Bocchetta P, Alemán B, Amati M, Fanetti M, Goldoni A, Gregoratti L, Kiskinova M, Mele C, Sezen H, Bozzini B. ORR stability of Mn–Co/polypyrrole nanocomposite electrocatalysts studied by quasi in-situ identical-location photoelectron microspectroscopy. Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Bocchetta P, Amati M, Gregoratti L, Kiskinova M, Sezen H, Taurino A, Bozzini B. Morphochemical evolution during ageing of pyrolysed Mn/polypyrrole nanocomposite oxygen reduction electrocatalysts: A study based on quasi-in situ photoelectron spectromicroscopy. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bozzini B, Bocchetta P, Gianoncelli A, Mele C, Kiskinova M. Electrodeposition and Ageing of Mn-Based Binary Composite Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Bozzini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione; Università del Salento; via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione; Università del Salento; via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra-Sinctrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. S.S. 14; km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Trieste-Basovizza Italy
| | - Claudio Mele
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione; Università del Salento; via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Maya Kiskinova
- Elettra-Sinctrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. S.S. 14; km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Trieste-Basovizza Italy
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Bocchetta P, Amati M, Bozzini B, Catalano M, Gianoncelli A, Gregoratti L, Taurino A, Kiskinova M. Quasi-in-situ single-grain photoelectron microspectroscopy of Co/PPy nanocomposites under oxygen reduction reaction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:19621-19629. [PMID: 25369153 DOI: 10.1021/am504111s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports an investigation into the aging of pyrolyzed cobalt/polypyrrole (Co/PPy) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts, based on quasi-in-situ photoelectron microspectroscopy. The catalyst precursor was prepared by potentiostatic reverse-pulse coelectrodeposition from an acetonitrile solution on graphite. Accelerated aging was obtained by quasi-in-situ voltammetric cycling in an acidic electrolyte. Using photoelectron imaging and microspectroscopy of single Co/PPy grains at a resolution of 100 nm, we tracked the ORR-induced changes in the morphology and chemical state of the pristine material, consisting of uniformly distributed ∼20 nm nanoparticles, initially consisting of a mixture of Co(II) and Co(III) oxidation states in almost equal amounts. The evolution of the Co 2p, O 1s, and N 1s spectra revealed that the main effects of aging are a gradual loss of the Co present at the surface and the reduction of Co(III) to Co(II), accompanied by the emergence and growth of a N 1s signal, corresponding to electrocatalytically active C-N sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento , via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Bozzini B, Bocchetta P, Gianoncelli A, Mele C, Kiskinova M. Electrodeposition of Co/CoO nanoparticles onto graphene for ORR electrocatalysis: a study based on micro-X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence mapping. Acta Chim Slov 2014; 61:263-271. [PMID: 25125109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrodeposition of graphene-supported Co for ORR electrocatalysts from an acetonitrile solution has been studied by a multi-technique approach, combining a suite of spectroscopic methods with electrochemical measurements, allowing a molecular-level understanding of potentiostatic and pulsed-potential plating processes from the organic solvent onto a freestanding graphene film. The formation of the graphene film by the light-scribe approach has been monitored by Raman spectroscopy; the electrodeposition process has been clarified by cyclic voltammetry and the compositional and chemical-state distribution of Co have been investigated ex situ by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence mapping, showing that both spatial distribution and valence state are homogeneous and independent of the local current density. The deposit consists in micrometric aggregates of Co/CoO nanoparticles with diameter ca. 30 nm (pulsed) and 200 nm (potentiostatic deposition). Potentiostatic deposition allows to obtain better ORR electrocatalytic perfomance in terms of nnumber of transferred electrons, onset/ half-wave potential and current density.
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Bozzini B, Gianoncelli A, Bocchetta P, Dal Zilio S, Kourousias G. Fabrication of a sealed electrochemical microcell for in situ soft X-ray microspectroscopy and testing with in situ co-polypyrrole composite electrodeposition for Pt-free oxygen electrocatalysis. Anal Chem 2013; 86:664-70. [PMID: 24283887 DOI: 10.1021/ac403004v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report on the fabrication and testing of a novel concept of sealed electrochemical microcell for in situ soft X-ray microspectroscopy in transmission, dedicated for nonvacuum compatible electrolytes. The microcell, fabricated using ultraviolet lithography, at variance with previous versions of electrochemical wet cells, that featured an optical window glued on top of the electrode system and a very limited electrolyte volume, the device presented here is a single solid block based around a microfabricated channel with fixed optical windows and apt for microfluidic work. Moreover, this cell allows to employ an advanced electrodic geometry developed in our group - so far used only in open electrochemical cells for work with vacuum-compatible electrolytes - also with low-vapor pressure liquids, possibly saturated with the required gases. The cell optimal electrode design allows three-electrode electrochemical control typical of traditional electrochemical experiments. The first electrochemical experiments with this new cell explore the electrochemical growth of a Co-polypyrrole, a composite electrocatalyst material with promising performance to replace the expensive Pt catalyst in fuel-cell oxygen electrodes. Morphological and chemical-state distributions of Co codeposited with polypyrrole has been followed as a function of time and position, yielding unprecedented information on the processes relevant to the synthesis of this catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Bozzini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università di Lecce , via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Lecce, Italy
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Bocchetta P, Conciauro F, Santamaria M, Di Quarto F. Cs0.86(NH4)1.14SO4Te(OH)6 in porous anodic alumina for micro fuel cell applications. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Di Franco F, Bocchetta P, Santamaria M, Di Quarto F. Light induced electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on niobium oxide. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bocchetta P, Santamaria M, Di Quarto F. Comments on 'Formation and characterization of nanotubes of La(OH)3 obtained using porous alumina membranes'. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:88001-88002. [PMID: 20097972 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/8/088001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
New experimental evidence concerning the formation of La(OH)3 nanowires on anodic alumina membranes by cathodic polarization in 0.05 M lanthanum nitrate solution is provided to further support the conclusions previously reached in our work (Bocchetta et al 2007 Electrochem. Commun. 9 683-8) and recently criticized by González-Rovira et al (Nanotechnology 2008 19 495305). Some unconvincing aspects of the paper of González-Rovira et al, according to which the same electrochemical process should lead to the formation of hydroxycarbonate nanotubes, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bocchetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Processi e dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Bocchetta P, Santamaria M, Di Quarto F. Template electrosynthesis of La(OH)3 and Nd(OH)3 nanowires using porous anodic alumina membranes. Electrochem commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Quarto FD, Figà V, Bocchetta P, Santamaria M. Photoelectrochemical Synthesis of Polypyrrole on Anodic Ta[sub 2]O[sub 5] Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1149/1.2767457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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