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Sun T, Liang X, Xu X, Wang L, Xiao W, Ma Y, Wang R, Gu Y, Li S, Qiu Y, Sun D, Xu H, Lei P. In vitro digestion and fecal fermentation of basidiospore-derived exopolysaccharides from Naematelia aurantialba. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129756. [PMID: 38286376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides exhibit numerous health-enhancing attributes that are intricately linked to the breakdown, assimilation, and exploitation of polysaccharides within the organism. Naematelia aurantialba polysaccharides (NAPS-A), highly prized polysaccharides derived from mushrooms, remain shrouded in uncertainty regarding their characteristics pertaining to gastrointestinal digestion and gut microbial fermentation. The study aimed to understand the digestion and fecal fermentation patterns of NAPS-A. After simulated digestion, NAPS-A's physicochemical properties remained unchanged. However, during in vitro fecal fermentation, indigestible NAPS-A underwent significant changes in various properties, such as reducing sugar, chemical composition, constituent monosaccharides, Molecular weight, apparent viscosity, FT-IR spectra, and microscopic morphology. Notably, NAPS-A was effectively utilized by the gut microbiota, with unchanged properties after digestion but altered after fermentation. It influenced gut microbe composition by increasing beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Roseburia), lowering pH, and producing short-chain fatty acids. NAPS-A fermentation enriches carbohydrate, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolic pathways through PICRUSt prediction analysis. Overall, these findings emphasize NAPS-A's role in regulating gut bacteria and their metabolic functions, despite its challenging digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoning Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Linhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yuhang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dafeng Sun
- Kunming Edible Fungi Institute of All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Shao Y, Xiong M, Liu J, Gu Z, Wu Z, Cao L. LOC646762 Is Involved in Adipogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8464-8470. [PMID: 38405496 PMCID: PMC10882647 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been shown to participate in adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA-LOC646762 in adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Transcriptome sequencing revealed a positive correlation between LOC646762 transcription and expression of adipogenic marker genes in adipogenic differentiation. Moreover, LOC646762 overexpression did not negatively impact the cell proliferation of BMSCs. Besides, LOC646762 plays a crucial role in adipogenic differentiation, as evidenced by its positive correlation with adipogenic marker gene expression. Its possible interaction with its proposed target C/EBPβ suggests its involvement in essential pathways governing adipogenesis. Collectively, our study outcomes provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs and lay a strong foundation for further research in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Shao
- Jiujiang
City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The
First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Minqi Xiong
- The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Key
Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Zhiping Gu
- Jiujiang
City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The
First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Zhaoping Wu
- Jiujiang
City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The
First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Lingling Cao
- Jiujiang
City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, The
First Hospital of Jiujiang City, Jiujiang 332000, China
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3
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Fan S, Zhou Y, Zhao Y, Daglia M, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Bai J, Zhu L, Xiao X. Metabolomics reveals the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1 fermentation on the lipid-lowering capacity of barley β-glucans in an in vitro model of gut-liver axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126861. [PMID: 37714241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive polysaccharides known as the biological response modifiers, can directly interact with intestinal epithelium cells (IEC) and regulate key metabolic processes such as lipid metabolism. Here, the coculture of Caco-2/HT29 monolayer (>400 Ω × cm2) and HepG2 cells was developed to mimic the gut-liver interactions. This system was used to investigate the effects of raw and fermented barley β-glucans (RBG and FBG) on lipid metabolism by directly interacting with IEC. Both RBG and FBG significantly and consistently reduced the lipid droplets and triacylglycerol levels in monoculture and coculture of HepG2 overloaded with oleic acid. Notably, FBG significantly and distinctly elevated PPARα (p < 0.05) and PPARα-responsive ACOX-1 (p < 0.01) gene expressions, promoting lipid degradation in cocultured HepG2. Moreover, the metabolomics analyses revealed that FBG had a unique impact on extracellular metabolites, among them, the differential metabolite thiomorpholine 3-carboxylate was significantly and strongly correlated with PPARα (r = -0.68, p < 0.01) and ACOX-1 (r = -0.76, p < 0.01) expression levels. Taken together, our findings suggest that FBG-mediated gut-liver interactions play a key role in its lipid-lowering effects that are superior to those of RBG. These results support the application of Lactiplantibacillus fermentation for improving hypolipidemic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Fan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yurong Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yansheng Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Tu J, Adhikari B, Brennan MA, Bai W, Cheng P, Brennan CS. Shiitake polysaccharides acted as a non-competitive inhibitor to α-glucosidase and inhibited glucose transport of digested starch from Caco-2 cells monolayer. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113268. [PMID: 37803584 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The inhibition mechanism of shitake mushroom polysaccharides (Lentinula edodes polysaccharides, LEP) against α-glucosidase was studied by enzyme kinetic assay, fluorescence quenching and molecular docking. The effect of LEP on glucose transport of digested starch was investigated via an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 transwell model. LEP exhibited a stronger inhibiting effect (IC50 = 0.66 mg/mL) than acarbose and presented a non-competitive inhibition mechanism. The interaction between LEP and α-glucosidase primarily involved electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Molecular docking modelling showed that the four structures of LEP were bound to the allosteric tunnel or adjacent pocket of α-glucosidase via electrostatic force and hydrogen bonds. The (1 → 6)-linkages in LEP structures favoured its binding affinity to the α-glucosidase. The α-glucosidase inhibiting activity of LEP was also found to emanate from the reduction in glucose transport of digested starch as deducted from the in vitro digestion/Caco-2 transwell data. The release of glucose from digested starch cooked with LEP was significantly reduced (33.7%) compared to the digested starch without LEP. The findings from the current study suggest that LEP could be a promising ingredient to inhibit α-glucosidase activity as well as control the level of postprandial blood glucose when incorporated into starchy foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Tu
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2474, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2474, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Margaret Anne Brennan
- School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2474, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Weidong Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
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Tang C, Wang Y, Chen D, Zhang M, Xu J, Xu C, Liu J, Kan J, Jin C. Natural polysaccharides protect against diet-induced obesity by improving lipid metabolism and regulating the immune system. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113192. [PMID: 37689942 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Unhealthy dietary patterns-induced obesity and obesity-related complications pose a great threat to human health all over the world. Accumulating evidence suggests that the pathophysiology of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders is closely associated with dysregulation of lipid and energy metabolism, and metabolic inflammation. In this review, three potential anti-obesity mechanisms of natural polysaccharides are introduced. Firstly, natural polysaccharides protect against diet-induced obesity directly by improving lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Since the immunity also affects lipid and energy metabolism, natural polysaccharides improve lipid and energy metabolism by regulating host immunity. Moreover, diet-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress, defective autophagy and microbial dysbiosis can disrupt lipid and/or energy metabolism in a direct and/or inflammation-induced manner. Therefore, natural polysaccharides also improve lipid and energy metabolism and suppress inflammation by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress, promoting autophagy and regulating gut microbiota composition. Specifically, this review comprehensively summarizes underlying anti-obesity mechanisms of natural polysaccharides and provides a theoretical basis for the development of functional foods. For the first time, this review elucidates anti-obesity mechanisms of natural polysaccharides from the perspectives of their hypolipidemic, energy-regulating and immune-regulating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingguo Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Quality and safety of agricultural product, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China
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Tang C, Zhou R, Cao K, Liu J, Kan J, Qian C, Jin C. Current progress in the hypoglycemic mechanisms of natural polysaccharides. Food Funct 2023; 14:4490-4506. [PMID: 37083079 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Unhealthy dietary pattern-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus poses a great threat to human health all over the world. Accumulating evidence has revealed that the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus is closely associated with the dysregulation of glucose metabolism and energy metabolism, serious oxidative stress, prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress, metabolic inflammation and intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Most important of all, insulin resistance and insulin deficiency are two key factors inducing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nowadays, natural polysaccharides have gained increasing attention owing to their numerous health-promoting functions, such as hypoglycemic, energy-regulating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic activities. Therefore, natural polysaccharides have been used to alleviate diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Specifically, this review comprehensively summarizes the underlying hypoglycemic mechanisms of natural polysaccharides and provides a theoretical basis for the development of functional foods. For the first time, this review elucidates hypoglycemic mechanisms of natural polysaccharides from the perspectives of their regulatory effects on glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ruizheng Zhou
- Dongguan Institutes For Food and Drug Control, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Kexin Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunlu Qian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang H, Li Y, Dai Y, Ma L, Di D, Liu J. Screening, structural characterization and anti-adipogenesis effect of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. by an activity-oriented approach. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Zhang C, Kim E, Cui J, Wang Y, Lee Y, Zhang G. Influence of the ecological environment on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). Food Funct 2022; 13:7029-7045. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (APS) exhibit a variety of bioactivities; however, little information is available on the effects of the ecological environment on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and China-Korea Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Korea-China Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Jiamei Cui
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Korea-China Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and China-Korea Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
| | - Yunkyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Korea-China Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Guiguo Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and China-Korea Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
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