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Huang Z, Meng S, Xue J, Li Y, Zhao Y, Huang J, Zhou W, Kuang N, Song X, Huang H, Zhang F, Li H, Tang Y, Sun B. Inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae promotes selenium accumulation and transformation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108834. [PMID: 38879988 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the fifteen essential nutrients required by the human body. Mycorrhizal microorganisms play a crucial role in enhancing selenium availability in plants. However, limited research exists on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on selenium accumulation and transport in pepper plants. This study employed a pot experiment to investigate the changes in pepper plant growth, selenium accumulation, and transformation following inoculation with AMF and varying concentrations of exogenous selenium. The results indicate that exogenous selenium application in pepper has dual effects. At low concentrations (≤8 mg L⁻1), it promotes growth and nutrient accumulation, whereas high concentrations (>16 mg L⁻1) inhibit these processes. AMF inoculation positively influences selenium accumulation and transport in peppers, significantly increasing yield per plant by 17.89%, vitamin C content by 67.36%, flavonoid content by 43.26%, capsaicin content by 14.82%, DPPH radical scavenging rate by 18.18%, and ABTS radical scavenging rate by 27.81%. Additionally, it significantly reduces selenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT) enzyme activity, while minimally affecting ATP sulfurylase (ATPS) and adenosyl sulfate reductase (APR) enzyme activities. The combined treatment of AMF and 8 mg L⁻1 exogenous selenium has been proven to be the most effective for selenium enrichment in peppers, offering new insights into utilizing exogenous selenium and AMF inoculation to enhance selenium content in peppers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiling Meng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinzi Xue
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Yatian Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Wende Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Kuang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Song
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China.
| | - Bo Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China.
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Li X, Zeng G, Du X, Zhou R, Lian J, Liu J, Guo X, Tang Z. Effects of polyethylene and biodegradable microplastics on the physiology and metabolic profiles of dandelion. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 352:124116. [PMID: 38718962 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics, such as poly(butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA), are potential alternatives to conventional polyethylene (PE), both of which are associated with the production of microplastics (MPs). However, the toxicity of these compounds on medicinal plants and their differential effects on plant morphophysiology remain unclear. This study supplemented soils with MPs sized at 200 μm at a rate of 1% w/w and incubated them for 50 days to investigate the impact of MPs on the growth and metabolites of dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.). The results demonstrated that the investigated MPs decreased the growth of dandelion seedlings, induced oxidative stress, and altered the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase). Based on the comprehensive toxicity assessment results, the ecological toxicity was in the following order: PE MPs > PBAT MPs > PLA MPs. Metabolomics analyses revealed metabolic reprogramming in dandelion plants, leading to the enrichment of numerous differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in the leaves. These pathways include carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, suggesting that dandelions respond to MP stress by enhancing the activity of sugar, organic acid, and amino acid metabolic pathways. In addition, phenolic acids and flavonoids are critical for maintaining the balance in the antioxidant defense system. Our results provide substantial insights into the toxicity of biodegradable MPs to plants and shed light on plant defense and adaptation strategies. Further assessment of the safety of biodegradable MPs in terrestrial ecosystems is essential to provide guidance for environmentally friendly management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Guangnian Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xinyi Du
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ranran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiapan Lian
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xiaorui Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
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Ikram S, Li Y, Lin C, Yi D, Heng W, Li Q, Tao L, Hongjun Y, Weijie J. Selenium in plants: A nexus of growth, antioxidants, and phytohormones. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 296:154237. [PMID: 38583194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for both human and animals. Plants serve as the primary source of Se in the food chain. Se concentration and availability in plants is influenced by soil properties and environmental conditions. Optimal Se levels promote plant growth and enhance stress tolerance, while excessive Se concentration can result in toxicity. Se enhances plants ROS scavenging ability by promoting antioxidant compound synthesis. The ability of Se to maintain redox balance depends upon ROS compounds, stress conditions and Se application rate. Furthermore, Se-dependent antioxidant compound synthesis is critically reliant on plant macro and micro nutritional status. As these nutrients are fundamental for different co-factors and amino acid synthesis. Additionally, phytohormones also interact with Se to promote plant growth. Hence, utilization of phytohormones and modified crop nutrition can improve Se-dependent crop growth and plant stress tolerance. This review aims to explore the assimilation of Se into plant proteins, its intricate effect on plant redox status, and the specific interactions between Se and phytohormones. Furthermore, we highlight the proposed physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying Se-mediated phytohormone-dependent plant growth modulation and identified research opportunities that could contribute to sustainable agricultural production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufian Ikram
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Chai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Debao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hongjun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Weijie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Ma Q, Wang H, Wu E, Zhang H, Feng Y, Feng B. Widely targeted metabolomic analysis revealed the effects of alkaline stress on nonvolatile and volatile metabolites in broomcorn millet grains. Food Res Int 2023; 171:113066. [PMID: 37330826 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Broomcorn millet (BM) is a future smart food. However, no information is available on the metabolism of BM grains under alkaline stress. In this study, the effects of alkaline stress on nonvolatile and volatile metabolites in the BM grains of two varieties (S223 and T289) were investigated through metabolomics approaches. All 933 nonvolatile metabolites and 313 volatile metabolites were identified, with 114 and 89 nonvolatile metabolites and 16 and 20 volatile metabolites accumulating differentially under normal vs. alkaline stresses of S223 and T289, respectively. The results indicated that alkaline stress altered phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, flavone and flavonol, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, as well as arginine, proline, tryptophan, and ascorbate metabolism. The effects of alkaline stress were not identical between the two varieties, which could lead to variations in active substance content. These results provide valuable information for further studies on food chemistry and the functional food development of BM grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Honglu Wang
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Enguo Wu
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Feng
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baili Feng
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Research Station of Crop Gene Resources &, Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Peng M, Chen Z, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhu S, Wang G. Preharvest Application of Sodium Nitroprusside Alleviates Yellowing of Chinese Flowering Cabbage via Modulating Chlorophyll Metabolism and Suppressing ROS Accumulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37290404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chinese flowering cabbage is prone to senescence and yellowing after harvest, leading to a huge postharvest loss. Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional plant growth regulator, but the effect of preharvest application of NO on the storage quality of Chinese flowering cabbage remains unclear. Preharvest application of 50 mg L-1 sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) to the roots obviously reduced leaf yellowing in Chinese flowering cabbage during storage. Proteomic analysis reveals 198 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in SNP-treated plants compared to the control. The main DEPs were significantly enriched in chlorophyll metabolisms, phenylpropanoid synthesis, and antioxidant pathways. SNP treatment enhanced chlorophyll biosynthesis and suppressed chlorophyll-degradation-related proteins and genes. It also modulated flavonoid-biosynthesis-related genes, and 21 significantly regulated flavonoids were identified in SNP-treated plants. The enhanced antioxidant capacity in SNP-treated plants was able to decrease chlorophyll catabolism by inhibiting peroxidase-mediated chlorophyll bleaching. Collectively, preharvest SNP treatment modulated chlorophyll metabolism and preserved chlorophyll content in leaves during storage. Moreover, SNP treatment enhanced flavonoid synthesis, suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation, and delayed the senescence process, thereby maintaining leaf greening in Chinese flowering cabbage. These findings highlight the role of exogenous NO in alleviating yellowing of leafy vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuosheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanjing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shijiang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, Engineering Research Center of Southern Horticultural Products Preservation, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Akbar MU, Aqeel M, Iqbal N, Zafar S, Noman A. Morpho-physiological characterization and metabolic profiling of rice lines for immunity to counter Helminthosporiumoryzae. Microb Pathog 2023; 179:106126. [PMID: 37100356 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Heliminthosporium oryzae is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that effect rice crops grown on millions of hectares. We evaluated nine newly establishing rice lines and one local variety for resistance against H. oryzae. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences in response to pathogen attack were recorded in all rice lines. Maximum disease resistance was recorded in Kharamana under pathogen attack as compared to uninfected plants. A comparison of decline in shoot length revealed that Kharamana and Sakh experienced minimum lost (9.21%, 17.23%) in shoot length respectively against control while Binicol exhibited highest reduction (35.04%) in shoot length due to H. oryzae attack. Post-infection observations of shoot fresh weight revealed 63% decline in Binicol and declared it as the most susceptible rice line. Sakh, Kharamana and Gervex exhibited minimum fresh weight decrease (19.86%, 19.24% and 17.64% respectively) as compared to other lines under pathogen attack. Maximum chlorophyll-a contents were recorded in Kharamana under control and post pathogen attackconditions. Following the inoculation of H. oryzae, SOD was increased up to 35% and 23% in Kharamana and Sakh. However, minimum POD activity was recorded in Gervex followed by Swarnalata, Kaosen and C-13 in non-inoculated and pathogen-inoculated plants. Significant decrease in ascorbic acid contents (73.7% and 70.8%) was observed in Gervex and Binicol that later contributed in their susceptibility to H. oryzae attack. Pathogen attack caused Significant (P ≤ 0.05) changes in secondary metabolites in all rice lines but minimum total flavonoids, anthocyanin and lignin were observed in Binicol in uninfected plants and attested its susceptibility to pathogen. In post-pathogen attack conditions, Kharamana showed best resistance against pathogen by exhibiting a significantly high and maximum value of morpho-physiological, and biochemical attributes. Our findings suggest that tested resistant lines can be further explored for multiple traits including molecular regulation of defense responses to breed immunity in rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sara Zafar
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Zhang L, Shi X, Hou H, Lin Q, Zhu S, Wang G. 6-Benzyladenine Treatment Maintains Storage Quality of Chinese Flowering Cabbage by Inhibiting Chlorophyll Degradation and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:334. [PMID: 36679047 PMCID: PMC9865578 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) is widely used to regulate the growth of horticultural crops. However, it is not clear how postharvest treatment with 6-BA at various concentrations affects the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage. In this study, harvested Chinese flowering cabbage was foliar sprayed with 6-BA solution at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg·L-1. All 6-BA treatments protected the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage, and the treatment with 20 and 40 mg·L-1 6-BA showed the most obvious effect. Treatment with 6-BA reduced leaf yellowing degree and weight loss rate; maintained high chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents; suppressed the declines in ascorbic acid and soluble protein; enhanced antioxidant capacity; and reduced oxidative damage in cabbage leaves. Furthermore, 6-BA treatment upregulated the expression of antioxidant genes and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, while inhibiting the expression of senescence-related gene (BrSAG12) and chlorophyll catabolic genes (BrPAO, BrPPH, BrSGR1, BrNYC1, BrRCCR). These results suggest that postharvest 6-BA treatment enhances antioxidant capacity, delays leaf senescence, and inhibits chlorophyll degradation, thereby maintaining the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage. The findings of this study provide a candidate method for preserving Chinese flowering cabbage after harvest.
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