1
|
Mu K, Kitts DD. Intestinal polyphenol antioxidant activity involves redox signaling mechanisms facilitated by aquaporin activity. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102948. [PMID: 37922763 PMCID: PMC10643476 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascertaining whether dietary polyphenols evoke an antioxidant or prooxidant activity, which translates to a functional role required to maintain intestinal cell homeostasis continues to be an active and controversial area of research for food chemists and biochemists alike. We have proposed that the paradoxical function of polyphenols to autoxidize to generate H2O2 is a required first step in the capacity of some plant phenolics to function as intracellular antioxidants. This is based on the fact that cell redox homeostasis is achieved by a balance between H2O2 formation and subsequent outcomes of antioxidant systems function. Maintaining optimal extracellular and intracellular H2O2 concentrations is required for cell survival, since low levels are important to upregulate endogenous antioxidant capacity; whereas, concentrations that go beyond homeostatic control typically result in an inflammatory response, growth arrest, or eventual cell death. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of water channel membrane proteins that facilitate cellular transportation of water and other small molecule-derived solutes, such as H2O2, in all organisms. In the intestine, AQPs act as gatekeepers to regulate intracellular uptake of H2O2, generated from extracellular polyphenol autoxidation, thus enabling an intracellular cell signaling responses to mitigate onset of oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation. In this review, we highlight the potential role of AQPs to control important underlying mechanisms that define downstream regulation of intestinal redox homeostasis, specifically. It has been established that polyphenols that undergo oxidation to the quinone form, resulting in subsequent adduction to a thiol group on Keap1-Nrf2 complex, trigger Nrf2 activation and a cascade of indirect intracellular antioxidant effects. Here, we propose a similar mechanism that involves H2O2 generated from specific dietary polyphenols with a predisposition to undergo autoxidation. The ultimate bioactivity is regulated and expressed by AQP membrane function and thus, by extension, represents expression of an intracellular antioxidant chemoprotection mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Mu
- Food Science, Food Nutrition and Health Program. Faculty of Land and Food System, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, B.C, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David D Kitts
- Food Science, Food Nutrition and Health Program. Faculty of Land and Food System, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, B.C, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
High-Level Production of Catechol from Glucose by Engineered Escherichia coli. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8070344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechol (CA) is an aromatic compound with important applications in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical fields. As an alternative strategy to petroleum-based chemical synthesis, the production of catechol by using microbial cell factories has attracted great interest. However, the toxicity of catechol to microbial cells significantly limits the efficient production of bio-based catechol via one-step fermentation. Therefore, in this study, a two-step strategy for the efficient synthesis of CA was designed. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) was first efficiently produced by the engineered Escherichia coli strain AAA01 via fermentation, and then PCA in the fermentative broth was converted into CA by the whole-cell biocatalyst AAA12 with PCA decarboxylase. By optimizing the expression of flavin isoprenyl transferases and protocatechuic acid decarboxylases, the titer of CA increased from 3.4 g/L to 15.8 g/L in 12 h through whole-cell biocatalysis, with a 365% improvement; after further optimizing the reaction conditions for whole-cell biocatalysis, the titer of CA achieved 17.7 g/L within 3 h, which is the highest titer reported so far. This work provides an effective strategy for the green biomanufacturing of toxic compounds by Escherichia coli cell factories.
Collapse
|
3
|
Manda G, Rojo AI, Martínez-Klimova E, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Cuadrado A. Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid: From Herbal Medicine to Clinical Development for Cancer and Chronic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:151. [PMID: 32184727 PMCID: PMC7058590 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a phenolic lignan obtained from Larrea tridentata, the creosote bush found in Mexico and USA deserts, that has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous diseases such as cancer, renal, cardiovascular, immunological, and neurological disorders, and even aging. NDGA presents two catechol rings that confer a very potent antioxidant activity by scavenging oxygen free radicals and this may explain part of its therapeutic action. Additional effects include inhibition of lipoxygenases (LOXs) and activation of signaling pathways that impinge on the transcription factor Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor (NRF2). On the other hand, the oxidation of the catechols to the corresponding quinones my elicit alterations in proteins and DNA that raise safety concerns. This review describes the current knowledge on NDGA, its targets and side effects, and its synthetic analogs as promising therapeutic agents, highlighting their mechanism of action and clinical projection towards therapy of neurodegenerative, liver, and kidney disease, as well as cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Manda
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana I Rojo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz (idiPAZ), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Klimova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz (idiPAZ), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Budisa N, Schneider T. Expanding the DOPA Universe with Genetically Encoded, Mussel-Inspired Bioadhesives for Material Sciences and Medicine. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2163-2190. [PMID: 30830997 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Catechols are a biologically relevant group of aromatic diols that have attracted much attention as mediators of adhesion of "bio-glue" proteins in mussels of the genus Mytilus. These organisms use catechols in the form of the noncanonical amino acid l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as a building block for adhesion proteins. The DOPA is generated post-translationally from tyrosine. Herein, we review the properties, natural occurrence, and reactivity of catechols in the design of bioinspired materials. We also provide a basic description of the mussel's attachment apparatus, the interplay between its different molecules that play a crucial role in adhesion, and the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of these proteins. Our focus is on the microbial production of mussel foot proteins with the aid of orthogonal translation systems (OTSs) and the use of genetic code engineering to solve some fundamental problems in the bioproduction of these bioadhesives and to expand their chemical space. The major limitation of bacterial expression systems is their intrinsic inability to introduce PTMs. OTSs have the potential to overcome these challenges by replacing canonical amino acids with noncanonical ones. In this way, PTM steps are circumvented while the genetically programmed precision of protein sequences is preserved. In addition, OTSs should enable spatiotemporal control over the complex adhesion process, because the catechol function can be masked by suitable chemical protection. Such caged residues can then be noninvasively unmasked by, for example, UV irradiation or thermal treatment. All of these features make OTSs based on genetic code engineering in reprogrammed microbial strains new and promising tools in bioinspired materials science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nediljko Budisa
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Strasse 10, Berlin, 10623, Germany.,Chair of Chemical Synthetic Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Tobias Schneider
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Strasse 10, Berlin, 10623, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sutcliffe TC, Winter AN, Punessen NC, Linseman DA. Procyanidin B2 Protects Neurons from Oxidative, Nitrosative, and Excitotoxic Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:E77. [PMID: 29027929 PMCID: PMC5745487 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant generation of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals can cause severe damage to key cellular components, resulting in cell apoptosis. Similarly, excitotoxicity leads to protease activation and mitochondrial dysfunction, which subsequently causes cell death. Each of these factors play critical roles in the neuronal cell death underlying various neurodegenerative diseases. Procyanidin B2 (PB2) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound found in high concentrations in cocoa, apples, and grapes. Here, we examine the neuroprotective effects of PB2 in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) exposed to various stressors. CGNs were pre-incubated with PB2 and then neuronal stress was induced as described below. Mitochondrial oxidative stress was triggered with HA14-1, an inhibitor of the pro-survival Bcl-2 protein which induces glutathione-sensitive apoptosis. Glutamate and glycine were used to induce excitotoxicity. Sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide generating compound, was used to induce nitrosative stress. We observed significant dose-dependent protection of CGNs with PB2 for all of the above insults, with the greatest neuroprotective effect being observed under conditions of nitrosative stress. Intriguingly, the neuroprotective effect of PB2 against nitric oxide was superoxide-dependent, as we have recently shown for other catechol antioxidants. Finally, we induced neuronal stress through the removal of depolarizing extracellular potassium and serum (5K conditions), which is a classical model of intrinsic apoptosis in CGNs. PB2 did not display any significant protection against 5K-induced apoptosis at any concentration tested. We conclude that PB2 offers neuronal protection principally as an antioxidant by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species instead of through modulation of pro-survival cell signaling pathways. These findings suggest that PB2 may be an effective neuroprotective agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C Sutcliffe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
| | - Aimee N Winter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
| | - Noelle C Punessen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
| | - Daniel A Linseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Winter AN, Ross EK, Khatter S, Miller K, Linseman DA. Chemical basis for the disparate neuroprotective effects of the anthocyanins, callistephin and kuromanin, against nitrosative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 103:23-34. [PMID: 27986528 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative and nitrosative stress are major factors in neuronal cell death underlying neurodegenerative disease. Thus, supplementation of antioxidant defenses may be an effective therapeutic strategy for diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. In this regard, treatment with nutraceutical antioxidants has garnered increasing attention; however, the differential neuroprotective effects of structurally similar nutraceuticals, which may affect their suitability as therapeutic agents, has not been directly examined. In this study we compare the ability of two anthocyanins, callistephin (pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside) and kuromanin (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside) to protect cerebellar granule neurons from damage induced by either oxidative or nitrosative stress. These anthocyanins differ by the presence of a single hydroxyl group on the B-ring of kuromanin, forming a catechol moiety. While both compounds protected neurons from oxidative stress induced by glutamate excitotoxicity, a stark contrast was observed under conditions of nitrosative stress. Only kuromanin displayed the capacity to defend neurons from nitric oxide (NO)-induced apoptosis. This protective effect was blocked by addition of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase, indicating that the neuroprotective mechanism is superoxide dependent. Based on these observations, we suggest a unique mechanism by which slight structural variances, specifically the absence or presence of a catechol moiety, lend kuromanin the unique ability to generate superoxide, which acts as a scavenger of NO. These findings indicate that kuromanin and compounds that share similar chemical characteristics may be more effective therapeutic agents for treating neurodegenerative diseases than callistephin and related (non-catechol) compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee N Winter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Erika K Ross
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Sonia Khatter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Keith Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States
| | - Daniel A Linseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States; Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States; Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver CO 80208, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Razzaq H, Saira F, Yaqub A, Qureshi R, Mumtaz M, Saleemi S. Interaction of gold nanoparticles with free radicals and their role in enhancing the scavenging activity of ascorbic acid. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:266-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
8
|
Abstract
For more than half a century free radical-induced alterations at cellular and organ levels have
been investigated as a probable underlying mechanism of a number of adverse health conditions. Consequently,
significant research efforts have been spent for discovering more effective and potent antioxidants /
free radical scavengers for treatment of these adverse conditions. Being by far the most used antioxidants
among natural and synthetic compounds, mono- and polyphenols have been the focus of both experimental
and computational research on mechanisms of free radical scavenging. Quantum chemical studies have provided
a significant amount of data on mechanisms of reactions between phenolic compounds and free radicals outlining a
number of properties with a key role for the radical scavenging activity and capacity of phenolics. The obtained quantum
chemical parameters together with other molecular descriptors have been used in quantitative structure-activity relationship
(QSAR) analyses for the design of new more effective phenolic antioxidants and for identification of the most useful
natural antioxidant phenolics. This review aims at presenting the state of the art in quantum chemical and QSAR studies
of phenolic antioxidants and at analysing the trends observed in the field in the last decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petko Alov
- Department of QSAR and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. 105 Acad. G. Bonchev St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mirazizi F, Bahrami A, Haghbeen K, Shahbani Zahiri H, Bakavoli M, Legge RL. Rapid and direct spectrophotometric method for kinetics studies and routine assay of peroxidase based on aniline diazo substrates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:1162-9. [PMID: 26526616 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxidases are ubiquitous enzymes that play an important role in living organisms. Current spectrophotometrically based peroxidase assay methods are based on the production of chromophoric substances at the end of the enzymatic reaction. The ambiguity regarding the formation and identity of the final chromophoric product and its possible reactions with other molecules have raised concerns about the accuracy of these methods. This can be of serious concern in inhibition studies. A novel spectrophotometric assay for peroxidase, based on direct measurement of a soluble aniline diazo substrate, is introduced. In addition to the routine assays, this method can be used in comprehensive kinetics studies. 4-[(4-Sulfophenyl)azo]aniline (λmax = 390 nm, ɛ = 32 880 M(-1) cm(-1) at pH 4.5 to 9) was introduced for routine assay of peroxidase. This compound is commercially available and is indexed as a food dye. Using this method, a detection limit of 0.05 nmol mL(-1) was achieved for peroxidase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mirazizi
- a Department of Chemistry , Islamic Azad University of Mashhad , Mashhad , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Azita Bahrami
- b National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kamahldin Haghbeen
- c Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hossein Shahbani Zahiri
- d National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakavoli
- e Department of Chemistry , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , The Islamic Republic of Iran , and
| | - Raymond L Legge
- f Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Du L, Li J, Chen C, Liu Y. Nanocarrier: A potential tool for future antioxidant therapy. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1061-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.924625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
11
|
Festa M, Caputo M, Cipolla C, D'Acunto CW, Rossi AG, Tecce MF, Capasso A. The involvement of xanthohumol in the expression of annexin in human malignant glioblastoma cells. Open Biochem J 2013; 7:1-10. [PMID: 23407460 PMCID: PMC3568876 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01307010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant and resistant tumor of the central nervous system in humans and new therapeutic strategies are urgently required. Recently, we have shown that the potential chemotherapeutic polyphenol xanthohumol (XH), isolated from Humulus Lupulus, induces apoptosis of human T98G glioblastoma cells by increasing reactive oxygen species and activating MAPK pathways. Then we have found, by western blotting and microscopic analysis, that XH up-regulates cytosolic levels of ANXA1 and induces translocation of the protein on the cell membrane of T98G cells in a time-dependent manner with significant effects observed after 24 h. On the basis of the above evidence, the aim of this work was to investigate the role of intracellular and cell membrane localized ANXA1 in GBM cells. RT-PCR analysis has shown that XH up-regulates mRNA levels of ANXA1 after 16 h treatment. To demonstrate the involvement of ANXA1 in apoptosis of GBM cells we down-regulated ANXA1 expression with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and then analysed apoptosis in the presence and absence of apoptotic stimuli. Importantly, apoptosis induced by XH was reduced in siRNA-ANXA1 transfected cells where western blot analysis shows a significant reduction of ANXA1 protein levels. To investigate the role of ANXA1 expression on the cell membrane of T98G cells as potential "eat-me" signal we studied phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by human macrophages. We incubated apoptotic T98G cells with human blood monocyte derived macrophages (M=). After co-incubation period we analysed the percentage of M= phagocytosing the apoptotic cells by cytofluorimetric FACS analysis and by confocal microscopy. Our results show that XH induces phagocytosis of apoptotic T98G cells by human M= in a concentration-effect manner, a processes that is dependent on caspase mediated apoptosis. ANXA1 acts as an "eat-me" signal on the cell membrane of T98G cells, and interestingly, apoptotic siRNA-ANXA1 transfected cells are not completely ingested by M=. These results were confirmed by incubating apoptotic cells with a neutralizing anti-ANXA1 antiboby and ANXA1 membrane depletion by EDTA washing. ANXA1 was also detected in supernatants of apoptotic cells and the incubation of enriched supernatants enhanced the percentage of phagocytosis by M=. These results demonstrated that ANXA1 is involved both in the apoptosis and phagocytosis of glioblastoma cells. This study shows a possible role of ANXA1 in maintenance of brain homeostasis and may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for neuro-inflammatory diseases and chemotherapy targets in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Festa
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Italy
| | - M Caputo
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Italy
| | - C Cipolla
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Italy
| | - CW D'Acunto
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Italy
| | - AG Rossi
- University of Edinburgh, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, UK
| | - MF Tecce
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Italy
| | - A Capasso
- University of Salerno, Department of Pharmacy, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chamoli T, Rawat MSM. A facile synthesis of new 3,3-disubstituted phthalides of pharmacological interest. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
13
|
Festa M, Capasso A, D'Acunto CW, Masullo M, Rossi AG, Pizza C, Piacente S. Xanthohumol induces apoptosis in human malignant glioblastoma cells by increasing reactive oxygen species and activating MAPK pathways. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:2505-2513. [PMID: 22111577 DOI: 10.1021/np200390x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the biologically active prenylated chalcone and potential anticancer agent xanthohumol (1) has been investigated on apoptosis of the T98G human malignant glioblastoma cell line. Compound 1 decreased the viability of T98G cells by induction of apoptosis in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Apoptosis induced by 1 was associated with activation of caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP cleavage and was mediated by the mitochondrial pathway, as exemplified by mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release, and downregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. Xanthohumol induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), an effect that was reduced by pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Intracellular ROS production appeared essential for the activation of the mitochondrial pathway and induction of apoptosis after exposure to 1. Oxidative stress due to treatment with 1 was associated with MAPK activation, as determined by ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 was attenuated using NAC to inhibit ROS production. After treatment with 1, ROS provided a specific environment that resulted in MAPK-induced cell death, with this effect reduced by the ERK1/2 specific inhibitor PD98059 and partially inhibited by the p38 inhibitor SB203580. These findings suggest that xanthohumol (1) is a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Festa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang J, He X, Gao H. The structure elucidation of mequindox and 1,4-bisdesoxymequindox: NMR analyses, FT-IR spectra, DFT calculations and thermochemical studies. J Mol Struct 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
A-CD Estrogens. I. Substituent Effects, Hormone Potency, and Receptor Subtype Selectivity in a New Family of Flexible Estrogenic Compounds. J Med Chem 2010; 54:433-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100513m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Li F, Awale S, Tezuka Y, Kadota S. Cytotoxicity of Constituents from Mexican Propolis against a Panel of Six Different Cancer Cell Lines. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000501018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of 39 compounds, including eighteen flavonoids (flavanones, 1–10; flavones, 11–17; flavanol, 18), sixteen phenolic acid derivatives (aromatic acids, 19–24; aldehyde, 25; esters, 26–34) and five glycerides (35–39), isolated from Mexican propolis, were evaluated against a panel of six different cancer cell lines; murine colon 26-L5 carcinoma, murine B16-BL6 melanoma, murine Lewis lung carcinoma, human lung A549 adenocarcinoma, human cervix HeLa adenocarcinoma and human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma. A phenylpropanoid-substituted flavanol, (2 R,3 S)-8-[4-phenylprop-2-en-1-one]-4’,7-dihydroxy-3’,5-dimethoxyflavan-3-ol (18), showed the most potent cytotoxicity against A549 cells (IC50, 6.2 μM) and HT-1080 cells (IC50, 3.9 μM), stronger than those of the clinically used anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (IC50, 7.5 μM and 5.4 μM, respectively). Based on the observed results, the structure–activity relationships are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Suresh Awale
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tezuka
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Kadota
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Santos MDD, Chen G, Almeida MC, Soares DM, de Souza GEP, Lopes NP, Lantz RC. Effects of Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives and C-Flavonoid from Lychnophora ericoides on in vitro Inflammatory Mediator Production. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we aimed at evaluating the effect of the major polar constituents of the medicinal plant Lychnophora ericoides on the production of inflammatory mediators produced by LPS-stimulated U-937 cells. The 6,8-di- C-β-glucosylapigenin (vicenin-2) presented no effect on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production, but inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, the production of prostaglandin (PG) E2 without altering the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) -2 protein. 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, at lower concentrations, had small but significant effects on reducing PGE2 levels; at higher doses these compounds stimulated PGE2 and also TNF-α production by the cells. All the caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, in a dose-dependent fashion, were able to inhibit monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 synthesis/release, with 4,5-DCQ being the most potent at the highest tested concentration. These results add important information on the effects of plant natural polyphenols, namely vicenin-2 and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, on the production of inflammatory mediators by cultured cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel David dos Santos
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeiräo Preto- SP, 14040-903, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Denis Melo Soares
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeiräo Preto- SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Glória Emília Petto de Souza
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeiräo Preto- SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Ribeiräo Preto- SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - R. Clark Lantz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Galluzzo P, Martini C, Bulzomi P, Leone S, Bolli A, Pallottini V, Marino M. Quercetin-induced apoptotic cascade in cancer cells: Antioxidantversusestrogen receptor α-dependent mechanisms. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53:699-708. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
19
|
Fabrication and electrochemical behavior of single-walled carbon nanotube/graphite-based electrode. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
20
|
Hernández-Muñoz LS, Gómez M, González FJ, González I, Frontana C. Towards a molecular-level understanding of the reactivity differences for radical anions of juglone and plumbagin: an electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical approach. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:1896-903. [DOI: 10.1039/b822684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
21
|
Halliwell B. Are polyphenols antioxidants or pro-oxidants? What do we learn from cell culture and in vivo studies? Arch Biochem Biophys 2008; 476:107-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2008.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 12/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
22
|
Harris CS, Mo F, Migahed L, Chepelev L, Haddad PS, Wright JS, Willmore WG, Arnason JT, Bennett SAL. Plant phenolics regulate neoplastic cell growth and survival: a quantitative structure-activity and biochemical analysis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 85:1124-38. [PMID: 18066115 DOI: 10.1139/y07-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The anti-tumour activities of many plant phenolics at high concentrations (>100 micromol/L) suggest their potential use as dietary supplements in cancer chemoprevention and cancer chemotherapy. However, it is not clear what impact phenolic compounds have at the physiological concentrations obtained through consumption of high phenolic diets on neoplastic cells. In the present study, 54 naturally occurring phenolics were evaluated at physiologically relevant concentrations for their capacity to alter PC12 cell viability in response to serum deprivation, the chemotherepeutic agent etoposide, and the apoptogen C2-ceramide. Surprisingly, novel mitogenic, cytoprotective, and antiapoptotic activities were detected. Quantitative structure-activity relationship modelling indicated that many of these activities could be predicted by compound lipophilicity, steric bulk, and (or) antioxidant capacity, with the exception of inhibition of ceramide-induced apoptosis. Where quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis was insufficient, biochemical assessment demonstrated that the benzoate orsellinic acid blocked downstream caspase-12 activation following ceramide challenge. These findings demonstrate substantive mitogenic, cytoprotective, and antiapoptotic biological activities of plant phenolics on neoplastic cells at physiologically relevant dietary concentrations that should be considered in chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cory S Harris
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nie Z, Liu KJ, Zhong CJ, Wang LF, Yang Y, Tian Q, Liu Y. Enhanced radical scavenging activity by antioxidant-functionalized gold nanoparticles: a novel inspiration for development of new artificial antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med 2007; 43:1243-54. [PMID: 17893037 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2007] [Revised: 06/12/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Because of its potent antioxidant function and important role in clinical treatment, alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) is a good starting point in the development of new synthetic antioxidants with improved properties. In this paper the first example of antioxidant-functionalized gold nanoparticles, Au@Trolox, was synthesized by self-assembly of thiol ligands derived from Trolox, a vitamin E analogue, on gold nanoparticles. DPPH* (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging experiments revealed that the rate constant for the reaction of Au@Trolox with DPPH* was about eight times greater than that for Trolox. The product analysis showed that both the quinonoid and the diepoxide forms were possible oxidized products of the chromanol group of Au@Trolox treated with DPPH* radical. No remarkable influence was found on the antioxidant activity of Au@Trolox when the coverage rate of the antioxidant group on the surface of the gold was varied. All our results proved that the assembly of chromanol groups on gold nanoparticles could efficiently enhance the activity of the vitamin E-derived antioxidant, which presents a potential new strategy for antioxidant design with novel perspectives in potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Nie
- State Key Lab for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li B, Deng Q, Guo L, Zhang Z. Secondary chemiluminescence emission of the luminol-ferricyanide system induced by reducing agents. Mikrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-007-0859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
25
|
trans-Resveratrol induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells MCF-7 by the activation of MAP kinases pathways. GENES AND NUTRITION 2007; 2:295-305. [PMID: 18850184 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-007-0059-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/01/2007] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols represent a large class of plant-derived molecules with a general chemical structure that act as potent free radical scavengers. They have long been recognized to possess several therapeutic activities ranging from anti-thrombotic to antioxidant. Moreover, the capability of polyphenols to act as reducing or oxidizing molecules depends on the presence of environmental metals and on the concentrations used. In this work we demonstrated that the stilbene trans-resveratrol was able to commit human breast cancer MCF-7 cells to apoptosis. Mainly, we evidenced a pivotal role of the mitochondria in this phenomenon as cytochrome c release into the cytosol was found after the treatment. We further showed that trans-resveratrol was able to affect cellular redox state. In particular, it induced an early production of ROS and lipid oxidation, and only later compromised the GSH/GSSG ratio. This mode of action was mirrored by a temporally different activation of JNK and p38(MAPK), with the former rapidly induced and the latter weakly activated at long intervals. The results obtained demonstrate a pro-apoptotic activity for trans-resveratrol, and suggest a preferential activation of different classes of MAP kinases in response to different oxidative stimuli (ROS versus GSH/GSSG alteration).
Collapse
|
26
|
Yang DP, Ji HF, Tang GY, Ren W, Zhang HY. How many drugs are catecholics. Molecules 2007; 12:878-84. [PMID: 17851440 PMCID: PMC6149448 DOI: 10.3390/12040878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
By examination of the 8659 drugs recorded in the Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry (CMC) database, 78 catecholics (including five pyrogallolics) were identified, of which 17 are currently prescribed by FDA. Through analyzing the substituent patterns, ClogPs and O-H bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) of the catecholic drugs, some molecular features that may benefit circumventing the toxicity of catecholics were revealed: i) strong electron-donating substituents are excluded; ii) ClogP 3; iii) an energy penalty exists for quinone formation. Besides, the present analyses also suggest that the clinical usage and dosage of currently prescribed catecholic drugs are of importance in designing or screening catecholic antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Center for Advanced Study, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pino E, Aspée A, López-Alarcón C, Lissi E. Reactivity of hydroxynaphthalenes towards peroxyl radicals. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
28
|
Milhazes N, Cunha-Oliveira T, Martins P, Garrido J, Oliveira C, Rego AC, Borges F. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Profile of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Ecstasy”) and Its Metabolites on Undifferentiated PC12 Cells: A Putative Structure−Toxicity Relationship. Chem Res Toxicol 2006; 19:1294-304. [PMID: 17040098 DOI: 10.1021/tx060123i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The toxicological and redox profiles of MDMA and its major metabolites (MDA, alpha-methyldopamine, N-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine, 6-hydroxy-alpha-methyldopamine, 3-methoxy-alpha-methyldopamine) were studied to establish a structure-toxicity relationship and determine their individual contribution to cell death induction by apoptosis and/or necrosis. The results of the comparative toxicity study, using undifferentiated PC12 cells, strongly suggest that the metabolites possessing a catecholic group are more toxic to the cells than MDMA and metabolites with at least one protected phenolic group. Redox studies reveal that an oxidative mechanism seems to play an important role in metabolite cytotoxicity. Nuclear features of apoptosis and/or necrosis show that most of the metabolites, particularly N-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine, induce cell death by apoptosis, largely accompanied by necrotic features. No significant differences were found between MDMA and the metabolites, concerning overall characteristics of cell death. These results may be useful to ascertain the contribution of metabolism in MDMA neurotoxicity molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Milhazes
- CEQOFFUP, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Flueraru M, So R, Willmore WG, Poulter MO, Durst T, Charron M, Wright JS. Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotective Activity of Naphthalenediols in Rat Cortical Neurons. Chem Res Toxicol 2006; 19:1221-7. [PMID: 16978027 DOI: 10.1021/tx060045z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some members of the naphthalenediol family have been shown in previous work on PC-12 cells to act as effective antioxidants while being relatively nontoxic. In the present work, we extend that study to examine the effect of naphthalenediols on rat primary cortical neurons exposed to AAPH (2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride), a source of peroxyl radicals. Compounds tested included the acetylated forms of 1,2-naphthalenediol, that is, 1,2-ND, as well as 1,4-ND, 2,3-ND, 1,8-ND, and the known highly potent antioxidant (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In cytoxicity studies, cells were exposed to the compounds for 24 h, leading to observed toxicity in the order of 1,4-ND > 1,2 ND >> 2,3-ND approximately EGCG > 1,8-ND. In cytoprotection studies, the desired compounds were incubated with neurons prior to AAPH exposure, and live cell counts were determined by trypan blue and/or MTT assays. Excellent protection, superior to EGCG, was provided by 2,3-ND and 1,8-ND. Additional studies using glutamate as a stressor showed that 1,8-ND had a significant protective effect at concentrations as low as 500 nM. The results can be understood on the basis of the tendency (or lack thereof) to form the corresponding quinone, which in turn depends on whether or not there is a loss of aromaticity in the ring adjacent to the quinone moiety. Thus, certain members of the family of naphthalenediols are quite cytotoxic, whereas others show promise as neuroprotective antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Flueraru
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada K1S 5B6, Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Moghaddam AB, Ganjali MR, Norouzi P, Latifi M. A Green Method for the Electroorganic Synthesis of New 1,3-Indandione Derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 54:1391-6. [PMID: 17015975 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This is an environmentally friendly method in the field of electroorganic reactions under controlled potential electrolysis, without toxic reagents at a carbon electrode in an undivided cell which involves the (EC) mechanism reaction and comprises two steps alternatively; (i) electrochemical oxidation and (ii) chemical reaction. In particular, the electrochemical oxidation of 4-tert-butylcatechol, 4-methylcatechol and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid in the presence of 2-phenyl-1,3-indandione has been studied in a water-acetonitrile (90 : 10) mixture. The research includes the use of a variety of experimental techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, controlled-potential electrolysis, and spectroscopic identification of products (FT-IR, (1)H-NMR, and MS spectrometry).
Collapse
|
31
|
Bayandori Moghaddam A, Kobarfard F, Hosseiny Davarani SS, Nematollahi D, Shamsipur M, Fakhari AR. Electrochemical study of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid in the presence of 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone: Application to electrochemical synthesis of new benzofuran derivative. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
32
|
Moghaddam AB, Kobarfard F, Fakhari AR, Nematollahi D, Davarani SSH. Mechanistic study of electrochemical oxidation of o-dihydroxybenzenes in the presence of 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone. Electrochim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
Zhang HY. One-compound-multiple-targets strategy to combat Alzheimer's disease. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:5260-4. [PMID: 16194540 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Revised: 09/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/08/2005] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present one-drug-one-target paradigm in drug discovery has been considered partially responsible for the more-funding-less-drug predicament in modern pharmaceutical industry. To hit the multiple targets implicated in complex diseases, two strategies, based on multicomponent or single-ingredient, are conceivable. Although the latter is more difficult to be fulfilled than the former, the recent progress made in the fight against Alzheimer's disease (AD) has brought us the first light of success of the latter strategy. In this review, both synthetic and natural multipotent agents are described, which hit two or more targets implicated in AD, e.g., acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase, amyloid-beta, tau protein, metal ions and reactive oxygen species. Nevertheless, due to the potential risks in safety, absorbability and pharmacokinetics of synthetic multipotent agents, natural counterparts seem more promising in the future development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Center for Advanced Study, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|