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Zhang SB, Maguire D, Zhang M, Tian Y, Yang S, Zhang A, Casey-Sawicki K, Han D, Ma J, Yin L, Guo Y, Wang X, Chen C, Litvinchuk A, Zhang Z, Swarts S, Vidyasagar S, Zhang L, Okunieff P. Mitochondrial DNA and functional investigations into the radiosensitivity of four mouse strains. Int J Cell Biol 2014; 2014:850460. [PMID: 24688546 PMCID: PMC3944901 DOI: 10.1155/2014/850460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether genetic radiosensitivity-related changes in mtDNA/nDNA ratios are significant to mitochondrial function and if a material effect on mtDNA content and function exists. BALB/c (radiosensitive), C57BL/6 (radioresistant), and F1 hybrid mouse strains were exposed to total body irradiation. Hepatic genomic DNA was extracted, and mitochondria were isolated. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ROS, and calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling were measured. Radiation influenced strain-specific survival in vivo. F1 hybrid survival was influenced by maternal input. Changes in mitochondrial content corresponded to survival in vivo among the 4 strains. Calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling was strain dependent. Isolated mitochondria from BALB/c mice were significantly more sensitive to calcium overload than mitochondria from C57BL/6 mice. Maternal input partially influenced the recovery effect of radiation on calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling in F1 hybrids; the hybrid with a radiosensitive maternal lineage exhibited a lower rate of recovery. Hybrids had a survival rate that was biased toward maternal input. mtDNA content and mitochondrial permeability transition pores (MPTP) measured in these strains before irradiation reflected a dominant input from the parent. After irradiation, the MPTP opened sooner in radiosensitive and hybrid strains, likely triggering intrinsic apoptotic pathways. These findings have important implications for translation into predictors of radiation sensitivity/resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven B. Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - David Maguire
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yeping Tian
- Department of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shanmin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Amy Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Katherine Casey-Sawicki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Deping Han
- First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Henan 45001, China
| | - Liangjie Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yongson Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Hospital of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 100044, China
| | - Chun Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Alexandra Litvinchuk
- Institute of Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Gomel, Belarus
| | - Zhenhuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Steven Swarts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sadasivan Vidyasagar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Paul Okunieff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, 2033 Mowry Road, P.O. Box 103633, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Clanton TL, Hogan MC, Gladden LB. Regulation of cellular gas exchange, oxygen sensing, and metabolic control. Compr Physiol 2013; 3:1135-90. [PMID: 23897683 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c120030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells must continuously monitor and couple their metabolic requirements for ATP utilization with their ability to take up O2 for mitochondrial respiration. When O2 uptake and delivery move out of homeostasis, cells have elaborate and diverse sensing and response systems to compensate. In this review, we explore the biophysics of O2 and gas diffusion in the cell, how intracellular O2 is regulated, how intracellular O2 levels are sensed and how sensing systems impact mitochondrial respiration and shifts in metabolic pathways. Particular attention is paid to how O2 affects the redox state of the cell, as well as the NO, H2S, and CO concentrations. We also explore how these agents can affect various aspects of gas exchange and activate acute signaling pathways that promote survival. Two kinds of challenges to gas exchange are also discussed in detail: when insufficient O2 is available for respiration (hypoxia) and when metabolic requirements test the limits of gas exchange (exercising skeletal muscle). This review also focuses on responses to acute hypoxia in the context of the original "unifying theory of hypoxia tolerance" as expressed by Hochachka and colleagues. It includes discourse on the regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, metabolic suppression, shifts in metabolic pathways, and recruitment of cell survival pathways preventing collapse of membrane potential and nuclear apoptosis. Regarding exercise, the issues discussed relate to the O2 sensitivity of metabolic rate, O2 kinetics in exercise, and influences of available O2 on glycolysis and lactate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Clanton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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4
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Lui JKC, Lipscombe R, Arthur PG. Detecting Changes in the Thiol Redox State of Proteins Following a Decrease in Oxygen Concentration Using a Dual Labeling Technique. J Proteome Res 2009; 9:383-92. [DOI: 10.1021/pr900702z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James K. C. Lui
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Proteomics International, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Richard Lipscombe
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Proteomics International, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Peter G. Arthur
- School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Proteomics International, Perth, Western Australia
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Boelsterli UA, Lim PLK. Mitochondrial abnormalities--a link to idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity? Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2006; 220:92-107. [PMID: 17275868 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major clinical problem and poses a considerable challenge for drug development as an increasing number of successfully launched drugs or new potential drugs have been implicated in causing DILI in susceptible patient subsets. Although the incidence for a particular drug is very low (yet grossly underestimated), the outcome of DILI can be serious. Unfortunately, prediction has remained poor (both for patients at risk and for new chemical entities). The underlying mechanisms and the determinants of susceptibility have largely remained ill-defined. The aim of this review is to provide both clinical and experimental evidence for a major role of mitochondria both as a target of drugs causing idiosyncratic DILI and as mediators of delayed liver injury. We develop a unifying hypothesis that involves underlying genetic or acquired mitochondrial abnormalities as a major determinant of susceptibility for a number of drugs that target mitochondria and cause DILI. The mitochondrial hypothesis, implying gradually accumulating and initially silent mitochondrial injury in heteroplasmic cells which reaches a critical threshold and abruptly triggers liver injury, is consistent with the findings that typically idiosyncratic DILI is delayed (by weeks or months), that increasing age and female gender are risk factors and that these drugs are targeted to the liver and clearly exhibit a mitochondrial hazard in vitro and in vivo. New animal models (e.g., the Sod2(+/-) mouse) provide supporting evidence for this concept. However, genetic analyses of DILI patient samples are needed to ultimately provide the proof-of-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs A Boelsterli
- Molecular Toxicology Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore.
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7
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Hoffman DL, Salter JD, Brookes PS. Response of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation to steady-state oxygen tension: implications for hypoxic cell signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 292:H101-8. [PMID: 16963616 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00699.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are proposed to play an important role in hypoxic cell signaling. One currently accepted signaling paradigm is that the mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases in hypoxia. This is paradoxical, because oxygen is a substrate for ROS generation. Although the response of isolated mitochondrial ROS generation to [O(2)] has been examined previously, such investigations did not apply rigorous control over [O(2)] within the hypoxic signaling range. With the use of open-flow respirometry and fluorimetry, the current study determined the response of isolated rat liver mitochondrial ROS generation to defined steady-state [O(2)] as low as 0.1 microM. In mitochondria respiring under state 4 (quiescent) or state 3 (ATP turnover) conditions, decreased ROS generation was always observed at low [O(2)]. It is concluded that the biochemical mechanism to facilitate increased ROS generation in response to hypoxia in cells is not intrinsic to the mitochondrial respiratory chain alone but may involve other factors. The implications for hypoxic cell signaling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Hoffman
- Box 604 Anesthesiology, Univ. of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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8
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Han HM, Wei RS, Lai FA, Lai AF, Yin CC. Molecular nature of sulfhydryl modification by hydrogen peroxide on type 1 ryanodine receptor. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2006; 27:888-94. [PMID: 16787573 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2006.00386.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the molecular nature of sulfhydryl modification by hydrogen peroxide on type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1). METHODS Rabbit skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum was treated with hydrogen peroxide, then RyR1 complex was isolated. The proteins in the complex were analysed by electrophoresis, Western blot and electron microscopy. RESULTS (1) Hydrogen peroxide induces inter-subunit cross-linking within the tetrameric RyR1 molecule; (2) in parallel to inter-subunit cross-linking, the RyR1 molecule changes morphology; (3) the chemical and morphological changes are reversible: upon reduction by reducing agents, the RyR1 molecule regains its original state. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the molecular mechanism of RyR1 channel activity in sarcoplasmic reticulum regulated by hydrogen peroxide is through inter-subunit cross-linking within the tetrameric RyR1 molecule, which in turn induces structural changes of RyR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-mei Han
- Department of Biophysics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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9
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Bienert GP, Schjoerring JK, Jahn TP. Membrane transport of hydrogen peroxide. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2006; 1758:994-1003. [PMID: 16566894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 705] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Revised: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) belongs to the reactive oxygen species (ROS), known as oxidants that can react with various cellular targets thereby causing cell damage or even cell death. On the other hand, recent work has demonstrated that H2O2 also functions as a signalling molecule controlling different essential processes in plants and mammals. Because of these opposing functions the cellular level of H2O2 is likely to be subjected to tight regulation via processes involved in production, distribution and removal. Substantial progress has been made exploring the formation and scavenging of H2O2, whereas little is known about how this signal molecule is transported from its site of origin to the place of action or detoxification. From work in yeast and bacteria it is clear that the diffusion of H2O2 across membranes is limited. We have now obtained direct evidence that selected aquaporin homologues from plants and mammals have the capacity to channel H2O2 across membranes. The main focus of this review is (i) to summarize the most recent evidence for a signalling role of H2O2 in various pathways in plants and mammals and (ii) to discuss the relevance of specific transport of H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd P Bienert
- Plant and Soil Sciences Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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