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Ashique S, Mukherjee T, Mohanty S, Garg A, Mishra N, Kaushik M, Bhowmick M, Chattaraj B, Mohanto S, Srivastava S, Taghizadeh-Hesary F. Blueberries in focus: Exploring the phytochemical potentials and therapeutic applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH 2024; 18:101300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2024.101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
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Naskar R, Ghosh A, Bhattacharya R, Chakraborty S. A critical appraisal of geroprotective activities of flavonoids in terms of their bio-accessibility and polypharmacology. Neurochem Int 2024; 180:105859. [PMID: 39265701 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids, a commonly consumed natural product, elicit health-benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-allergic, hepatoprotective, anti-carcinogenic and neuroprotective activities. Several studies have reported the beneficial role of flavonoids in improving memory, learning, and cognition in clinical settings. Their mechanism of action is mediated through the modulation of multiple signalling cascades. This polypharmacology makes them an attractive natural scaffold for designing and developing new effective therapeutics for complex neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Flavonoids are shown to inhibit crucial targets related to neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), including acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, β-secretase, γ-secretase, α-synuclein, Aβ protein aggregation and neurofibrillary tangles formation. Conserved neuro-signalling pathways related to neurotransmitter biogenesis and inactivation, ease of genetic manipulation and tractability, cost-effectiveness, and their short lifespan make Caenorhabditis elegans one of the most frequently used models in neuroscience research and high-throughput drug screening for neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we critically appraise the neuroprotective activities of different flavonoids based on clinical trials and epidemiological data. This review provides critical insights into the absorption, metabolism, and tissue distribution of various classes of flavonoids, as well as detailed mechanisms of the observed neuroprotective activities at the molecular level, to rationalize the clinical data. We further extend the review to critically evaluate the scope of flavonoids in the disease management of neurodegenerative disorders and review the suitability of C. elegans as a model organism to study the neuroprotective efficacy of flavonoids and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roumi Naskar
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Anirrban Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, 700135, India
| | - Raja Bhattacharya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, 700135, India.
| | - Sandipan Chakraborty
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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Ahles S, Joris PJ, Plat J. Short-term Aronia melanocarpa extract supplementation improves cognitive performance: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study in healthy young adults. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1545-1553. [PMID: 38656355 PMCID: PMC11329521 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence on the potential beneficial effects of anthocyanin-rich foods and supplements on cognitive performance is mainly based on acute or long-term studies in older adults. However, short-term studies focusing on a younger population are lacking. Therefore, short-term effects of Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) supplementation on cognitive performance were investigated in healthy young adults. Potential underlying mechanisms were also addressed. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study was performed involving 35 apparently healthy young adults. Participants consumed AME (180 mg anthocyanins/day) or a placebo for 1 week, separated by at least 2 weeks of wash-out. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). Furthermore, arterial stiffness (carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity), retinal microvascular calibers (fundus photography), and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations were measured at baseline and after 1 week. RESULTS Participants had a mean age of 25 ± 4 years and an average BMI of 23.4 ± 2.7 kg/m2. Compliance was excellent and the study product was well-tolerated. As compared to placebo, movement time was significantly reduced by 4.8% within the five-choice reaction time test after 1 week of AME supplementation (intervention effect: - 12 ms; p < 0.05). Memory and executive function did however not change. Serum BDNF concentrations were significantly higher after AME supplementation as compared to placebo (+ 5.7%; intervention effect: 1.8 ng/mL; p < 0.05). However, arterial stiffness and retinal microvascular calibers were not affected. CONCLUSION Short-term AME supplementation beneficially affected cognitive performance as attention and psychomotor speed improved. Serum BDNF concentrations were increased, but vascular function markers were not affected. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on Clinical Trials under NCT03793777 on January 4th, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Ahles
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- BioActor BV, Gaetano Martinolaan 50, 6229 GS, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Joris
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Hunt T, Pontifex MG, Vauzour D. (Poly)phenols and brain health - beyond their antioxidant capacity. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 39043619 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
(Poly)phenols are a group of naturally occurring phytochemicals present in high amounts in plant food and beverages with various structures and activities. The impact of (poly)phenols on brain function has gained significant attention due to the growing interest in the potential benefits of these dietary bioactive molecules for cognitive health and neuroprotection. This review will therefore summarise the current knowledge related to the impact of (poly)phenols on brain health presenting evidence from both epidemiological and clinical studies. Cellular and molecular mechanisms in relation to the observed effects will also be described, including their impact on the gut microbiota through the modulation of the gut-brain axis. Although (poly)phenols have the potential to modulate the gut-brain axis regulation and influence cognitive function and decline through their interactions with gut microbiota, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, further research, including randomised controlled trials and mechanistic studies, is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and establish causal relationships between (poly)phenol intake and brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hunt
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Ellis LR, Boesch C, Dye L. Effects of Anthocyanins on Cognition and Vascular Function: A Systematic Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300502. [PMID: 38961529 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Good vascular function is crucial for cerebral blood flow and cognitive performance. Diets high in anthocyanins have been shown to improve vascular function and are associated with improvements in cognition. This systematic review investigates randomized controlled trials examining the impact of anthocyanin intake on both cognition and vascular function. METHODS AND RESULTS Of the 1486 studies identified through searching Ovid Medline and AMED, PsychInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus, 20 studies are selected which measured cognitive and vascular function. Overall, positive effects on verbal and working memory are observed, which are supported by studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging to demonstrate increased blood flow in brain regions related to these cognitive domains. However, effects of anthocyanins on blood pressure and markers of endothelial function are inconsistent. CONCLUSION This systematic review provides evidence for a positive effect of anthocyanins on cognition and insight into the relevance of endothelial function. Anthocyanins are widely available and can be easily consumed in a range of different fruits, vegetables, and other products. Further studies should establish the optimal daily intake of anthocyanins for cardiovascular and cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy R Ellis
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Louise Dye
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Institute of Sustainable Food, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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Karademir Y, Mackie A, Tuohy K, Dye L. Effects of Ferulic Acid on Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300526. [PMID: 38342596 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Plant (poly) phenolic compounds have been reported to decrease the risk of developing dementia and have been associated with maintenance of cognitive performance in normal ageing. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic acid, present in a wide variety of foods including cereals, fruits, vegetables, and coffee. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the effect of FA on cognitive function in humans and animals. METHODS AND RESULTS The search terms "Ferulic acid AND cognit*" and "Ferulic acid OR feruloyl OR ferula AND (memory OR attention OR learning OR recognition)" are used in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMED, OVID (Medline/PsycInfo), and CINAHL through October 2023. No human studies are identified that matched the inclusion criteria. Twenty-six animal studies are identified. A small number (n = 5) of these studies examined FA in healthy animals whilst the remainder examined animal models of dementia. Alzheimer's disease (n = 11) is the most prevalent model. CONCLUSION Overall, results from studies employing disease models suggest that FA ameliorates induced cognitive decline in a time and dose-dependent manner. Similarly, studies in healthy animals show a beneficial effect of FA. However, further studies are required to determine the effects of FA on human cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Karademir
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Louise Dye
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Institute of Sustainable Food & Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 2LT, UK
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Velichkov M, Bezur Z, van Reekum CM, Williams CM. A biphasic response to blueberry supplementation on depressive symptoms in emerging adults: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:1071-1088. [PMID: 38300292 PMCID: PMC11139700 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03311-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to examine the acute and chronic effects of wild blueberry supplementation on mood, executive function, and serum biomarkers of neuroplasticity, inflammation, and oxidative stress in emerging adults with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. METHODS In this double-blind trial, 60 emerging adults (Mage = 20.0 years, 32% male) with self-reported depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to receive a single blueberry drink (acute phase), followed by 6 weeks of daily blueberry supplementation (chronic phase), or a matched placebo drink. The primary outcome was Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scores at 6-week follow-up. Further measures included momentary affect (PANAS-X) and accuracy on an executive function task. The data were analyzed using ANCOVAs adjusted for baseline values, sex, and habitual fruit and vegetable intake. Estimated marginal means were calculated to compare the treatment arms. RESULTS The blueberry drink significantly improved positive affect (p = 0.026) and executive function (p = 0.025) at 2 h post-ingestion, with change scores being positively correlated in the blueberry group (r = 0.424, p = 0.017). However, after six weeks of supplementation the reduction in BDI-II scores was greater in the placebo group by 5.8 points (95% CI: 0.8-10.7, p = 0.023). Generalized anxiety and anhedonia also decreased significantly more in the placebo group. No significant differences were found for any of the biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Six weeks of wild blueberry supplementation were inferior to placebo in reducing depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, the correlated improvements in positive affect and executive function after a single dose of blueberries point to a beneficial, albeit transient, psychological effect. These contrasting results suggest a biphasic, hormetic-like response that warrants further investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04647019, dated 30 November, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Velichkov
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Zsofia Bezur
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Carien M van Reekum
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Claire M Williams
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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Bayazid AB, Lim BO. Therapeutic Effects of Plant Anthocyanin against Alzheimer's Disease and Modulate Gut Health, Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2024; 16:1554. [PMID: 38892488 PMCID: PMC11173718 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and neurogenerative disease (NDD), and it is also one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The number of AD patients is over 55 million according to 2020 Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI), and the number is increasing drastically without any effective cure. In this review, we discuss and analyze the potential role of anthocyanins (ACNs) against AD while understanding the molecular mechanisms. ACNs have been reported as having neuroprotective effects by mitigating cognitive impairments, apoptotic markers, neuroinflammation, aberrant amyloidogenesis, and tauopathy. Taken together, ACNs could be an important therapeutic agent for combating or delaying the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Borhan Bayazid
- Medicinal Biosciences, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Beong Ou Lim
- Medicinal Biosciences, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Human Bioscience Corporate R&D Center, Human Bioscience Corp., 268 Chungwondaero, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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Daskalova E, Pencheva M, Denev P. Black Chokeberry ( Aronia melanocarpa) Juice Supplementation Improves Oxidative Stress and Aging Markers in Testis of Aged Rats. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4452-4470. [PMID: 38785538 PMCID: PMC11119763 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a process that continues until the end of an individual's life, although with reduced activity with advancing age. Inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis are events considered as predictors of pathogenesis and the development of age-related diseases observed in aged testes. The use of natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties has a beneficial effect on the inflammatory and oxidative status of the aged testis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of supplementation with antioxidant-rich black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) juice on several markers of oxidative stress and aging in rat testis. In total, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into three experimental groups: young controls aged 2 months, old controls aged 27 months, and 27-month-old rats supplemented with black chokeberry juice at a dose of 10 mL/kg for 3 months. A. melanocarpa juice supplementation led to reduced oxidative stress, manifested by increased immunoexpression of nNOS, eNOS, and MAS1 in the seminiferous tubules and in the Leydig cells. The morphometrically determined tubule structure data showed no significant differences between the three groups. However, the intensity of the immunoreaction for TRK-C and NT3 in Leydig cells was demonstrably higher in the supplemented old animals compared with the old controls. There was a significantly higher number of blood vessels around the seminiferous tubules in the supplemented animals compared to the old controls. These data indicate that supplementation with A. melanocarpa juice slows down aging processes in the testis and preserves the functional activity of Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Daskalova
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Mina Pencheva
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Petko Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Haj-Khlifa A, Aziz F, Tastift MA, Sellami S, Rais H, Hammoud M, Fdil N, Kissani N, Gamrani H, Bouyatas MM. Ameliorative effect of Ononis natrix against chronic lead poisoning in mice: neurobehavioral, biochemical, and histological study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04142-3. [PMID: 38472511 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most common heavy metals with toxicological effects on many tissues in humans as well as animals. In order to counteract the toxic effects of this metal, the administration of synthetic or natural antioxidants is thus required. The aim of this study was to examine the beneficial effect of the aqueous extract of Ononis natrix (AEON) against lead acetate-induced damage from a behavioral, biochemical, and histological point of view. Forty-eight male mice were divided into four equal groups: Ctr (control); Pb (lead acetate 1g/l); Pb + On 100 mg/kg (lead acetate 1 g/l + AEON 100 mg/kg); Pb + On 500 mg/kg (lead acetate 1 g/l + AEON 500 mg/kg). AEON was administered orally from day 21 after the start of lead exposure up to the end of the experiment. The results revealed that lead induced behavioral disorders, increased serum levels of liver markers (AST, ALT, and bilirubin), as well as kidney markers (urea and creatinine). At the same time, levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) increased significantly. Moreover, Pb caused structural changes in the liver and kidneys of Pb-exposed mice. However, AEON administration significantly improved all lead-induced brain, liver, and kidney dysfunctions. Our results suggest that AEON could be a source of molecules with therapeutic potential against brain, liver, and kidney abnormalities caused by lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Haj-Khlifa
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Unit (ENPE), Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia,, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Faissal Aziz
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity, and Climate Change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 2390, 40000, Marrakech, BP, Morocco
| | - Maroua Ait Tastift
- Laboratory of Agri-Food, Biotechnology, and Valorization of Plant Resources, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Avenue Prince Moulay Abdellah, 40000, Marrakech, BP 2390, Morocco
| | | | - Hanane Rais
- Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco
- Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry, Anatomic Pathology Department, University Hospital Center (CHU) Mohammed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Miloud Hammoud
- Metabolics Platform, Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Abbad, 40000, Marrakech, BP, Morocco
| | - Naima Fdil
- Metabolics Platform, Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Sidi Abbad, 40000, Marrakech, BP, Morocco
| | - Najib Kissani
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Unit (ENPE), Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia,, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Moulay Mustapha Bouyatas
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Unit (ENPE), Departement of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia,, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco.
- Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Safi, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
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Amidfar M, Garcez ML, Askari G, Bagherniya M, Khorvash F, Golpour-Hamedani S, de Oliveira J. Role of BDNF Signaling in the Neuroprotective and Memory-enhancing Effects of Flavonoids in Alzheimer's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:984-995. [PMID: 37702162 DOI: 10.2174/1871527323666230912090856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foods rich in flavonoids are associated with a reduced risk of various chronic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In fact, growing evidence suggests that consuming flavonoid- rich foods can beneficially affect normal cognitive function. Animal models have shown that many flavonoids prevent the development of AD-like pathology and improve cognitive deficits. OBJECTIVE Identifying the molecular causes underlying the memory-enhancing effect of flavonoid-rich foods makes it possible to provide the best diet to prevent cognitive decline associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease. Based on the most recent scientific literature, this review article critically examines the therapeutic role of dietary flavonoids in ameliorating and preventing the progression of AD and enhancement of memory with a focus on the role of the BDNF signaling pathway. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched up to March 2023 and limited to English language. Search strategies were using the following keywords in titles and abstracts: (Flavonoid-rich foods OR Flavonoids OR Polyphenols); AND (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor OR BDNF OR CREB OR) AND (Alzheimer's disease OR memory OR cognition OR). RESULTS Flavonoid-rich foods including green tea, berries, curcumin and pomegranate exert their beneficial effects on memory decline associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease mostly through the direct interaction with BDNF signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The neuroprotective effects of flavonoid-rich foods through the CREB-BDNF mechanism have the potential to prevent or limit memory decline due to aging and Alzheimer's disease, so their consumption throughout life may prevent age-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Amidfar
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Graduate Program of Research and Extension (CEPEG), University Center of Espirito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariborz Khorvash
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Golpour-Hamedani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Gorzelany J, Kapusta I, Pluta S, Belcar J, Pentoś K, Basara O. Effect of Gaseous Ozone and Storage Time on Polyphenolic Profile and Sugar Content in Fruits of Selected Vaccinium corymbosum L. Genotypes. Molecules 2023; 28:8106. [PMID: 38138592 PMCID: PMC10745583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the best sources of antioxidant and health-promoting bioactive substances is the fruit of V. corymbosum. A potent oxidizing agent, ozone (O3), can effectively eliminate bacteria. The application of ozone gas to V. corymbosum fruit during storage had a favorable impact on the fruit's phenolic component and sugar content in the current investigation. After 7 days of storage, phenolic content in all highbush blueberry cultivars and clones tested increased on average by 28.60%, including anthocyanins by 34%. After 14 days of storage, an average increase of 16.50% in phenolic compounds was observed, including a 20.53% increase in anthocyanins. Among all the tested varieties, clone BOR-21 treated with a dose of 0.01 mL·L-1 ozone for 30 min after 14 days had the highest TPC-143.73 mg·100 g-1 f.w. The sugar content of berries treated with a dose of 0.01 mL·L-1 ozone for 30 min, on day 7 and day 14 of storage increased by 9.2% and 6.3%, respectively. On day 7, the highest amount of total sugar (22.74 g·100 g-1) was observed in Duke cultivar after being exposed to 0.01 mL·L-1 ozone for 15 min. The ozonation treatments enhanced the fruit's saturation with nutrients, which raises the fruit's value as food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Józef Gorzelany
- Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, University of Rzeszów, St. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland; (J.G.); (J.B.); (O.B.)
| | - Ireneusz Kapusta
- Department of Food Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, St. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Stanisław Pluta
- Department of Horticultural Crop Breeding, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3 Street, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland;
| | - Justyna Belcar
- Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, University of Rzeszów, St. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland; (J.G.); (J.B.); (O.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Pentoś
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37b Chełmonskiego Street, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Oskar Basara
- Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, University of Rzeszów, St. Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland; (J.G.); (J.B.); (O.B.)
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Yunusa S, Hassan Z, Müller CP. Mitragynine inhibits hippocampus neuroplasticity and its molecular mechanism. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1488-1501. [PMID: 37924443 PMCID: PMC10661785 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitragynine (MIT), the primary indole alkaloid of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), has been associated with addictive and cognitive decline potentials. In acute studies, MIT decreases spatial memory and inhibits hippocampal synaptic transmission in long-term potentiation (LTP). This study investigated the impacts of 14-day MIT treatment on hippocampus synaptic transmission and its possible underlying mechanisms. METHODS Under urethane anesthesia, field excitatory post-synaptic potentials (fEPSP) of the hippocampal CA1 region were recorded in the Sprague Dawley (SD) rats that received MIT (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg), morphine (MOR) 5 mg/kg, or vehicle (ip). The effects of the treatments on basal synaptic transmission, paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), and LTP were assessed in the CA1 region. Analysis of the brain's protein expression linked to neuroplasticity was then performed using a western blot. RESULTS The baseline synaptic transmission's amplitude was drastically decreased by MIT at 5 and 10 mg/kg doses, although the PPF ratio before TBS remained unchanged, the PPF ratio after TBS was significantly reduced by MIT (10 mg/kg). Strong and persistent inhibition of LTP was generated in the CA1 region by MIT (5 and 10 mg/kg) doses; this effect was not seen in MIT (1 mg/kg) treated rats. In contrast to MIT (1 mg/kg), MIT (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly raised the extracellular glutamate levels. After exposure to MIT, GluR-1 receptor expression remained unaltered. However, NMDAε2 receptor expression was markedly downregulated. The expression of pCaMKII, pERK, pCREB, BDNF, synaptophysin, PSD-95, Delta fosB, and CDK-5 was significantly downregulated in response to MIT (5 and 10 mg/kg) exposure, while MOR (5 mg/kg) significantly raised synaptophysin and Delta fosB expression. CONCLUSION Findings from this work reveal that a smaller dose of MIT (1 mg/kg) poses no risk to hippocampal synaptic transmission. Alteration in neuroplasticity-associated proteins may be a molecular mechanism for MIT (5 and 10 mg/kg)-induced LTP disruption and cognitive impairments. Data from this work posit that MIT acted differently from MOR on neuroplasticity and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleiman Yunusa
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Bauchi State University Gadau, PMB 65 Itas/Gadau, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
| | - Zurina Hassan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Christian P Müller
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Psychiatric and Psychotherapeutic University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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14
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Dutta BJ, Rakshe PS, Maurya N, Chib S, Singh S. Unlocking the therapeutic potential of natural stilbene: Exploring pterostilbene as a powerful ally against aging and cognitive decline. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102125. [PMID: 37979699 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of natural stilbenes, with a particular focus on pterostilbene (PTE), has emerged as a promising avenue of research targeting age-associated conditions encompassing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cognitive decline. This comprehensive investigation delves into the intricate mechanisms through which PTE, a polyphenolic compound abundant in grapes and blueberries, exerts its advantageous effects as an anti-aging agent. Central to its action is the modulation of hallmark aging processes, including oxidative damage, inflammatory responses, telomere attrition, and cellular senescence. PTE's ability to effectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier amplifies its potential for safeguarding neural health, thereby facilitating the regulation of neuronal signalling cascades, synaptic plasticity, and mitochondrial functionality. Through engagement with sirtuin proteins, it orchestrates cellular resilience, longevity, and metabolic equilibrium. Encouraging findings from preclinical studies portray PTE as a robust candidate for counteracting age-linked cognitive decline, augmenting memory consolidation, and potentially ameliorating neurodegenerative maladies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The synthesis of current scientific insights accentuates the promising translational prospects of PTE as a potent, naturally derived therapeutic agent against cognitive impairments associated with aging. Consequently, these collective findings lay a solid groundwork for forthcoming clinical inquiries and innovative therapeutic interventions in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Jyoti Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Pratik Shankar Rakshe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Niyogita Maurya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Shivani Chib
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Badal - Bathinda Rd, Ghudda, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar, India.
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Navarro-Hortal MD, Romero-Márquez JM, Jiménez-Trigo V, Xiao J, Giampieri F, Forbes-Hernández TY, Grosso G, Battino M, Sánchez-González C, Quiles JL. Molecular bases for the use of functional foods in the management of healthy aging: Berries, curcumin, virgin olive oil and honey; three realities and a promise. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11967-11986. [PMID: 35816321 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As the number of older people has grown in recent decades, the search for new approaches to manage or delay aging is also growing. Among the modifiable factors, diet plays a crucial role in healthy aging and in the prevention of age-related diseases. Thus, the interest in the use of foods, which are rich in bioactive compounds such as functional foods with anti-aging effects is a growing market. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of action of foods considered as functional foods in aging, namely berries, curcumin, and virgin olive oil. Moreover, honey is also analyzed as a food with well-known healthy benefits, but which has not been deeply evaluated from the point of view of aging. The effects of these foods on aging are analyzed from the point of view of molecular mechanisms including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, genomic stability, telomere attrition, cellular senescence, and deregulated nutrient-sensing. A comprehensive study of the scientific literature shows that the aforementioned foods have demonstrated positive effects on certain aspects of aging, which might justify their use as functional foods in elderly. However, more research is needed, especially in humans, designed to understand in depth the mechanisms of action through which they act.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Navarro-Hortal
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose M Romero-Márquez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Jiménez-Trigo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Sánchez-González
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Quiles
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
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16
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Zaa CA, Marcelo ÁJ, An Z, Medina-Franco JL, Velasco-Velázquez MA. Anthocyanins: Molecular Aspects on Their Neuroprotective Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1598. [PMID: 38002280 PMCID: PMC10669056 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a type of flavonoids that give plants and fruits their vibrant colors. They are known for their potent antioxidant properties and have been linked to various health benefits. Upon consumption, anthocyanins are quickly absorbed and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Research based on population studies suggests that including anthocyanin-rich sources in the diet lower the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Anthocyanins exhibit neuroprotective effects that could potentially alleviate symptoms associated with such diseases. In this review, we compiled and discussed a large body of evidence supporting the neuroprotective role of anthocyanins. Our examination encompasses human studies, animal models, and cell cultures. We delve into the connection between anthocyanin bioactivities and the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration. Our findings highlight how anthocyanins' antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties contribute to their neuroprotective effects. These effects are particularly relevant to key signaling pathways implicated in the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In conclusion, the outcome of this review suggests that integrating anthocyanin-rich foods into human diets could potentially serve as a therapeutic approach for neurological conditions, and we identify promising avenues for further exploration in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A. Zaa
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15021, Peru
| | - Álvaro J. Marcelo
- School of Biology, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima 15088, Peru;
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutic Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - José L. Medina-Franco
- DIFACQUIM Research Group, School of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 04510, Mexico;
| | - Marco A. Velasco-Velázquez
- Texas Therapeutic Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 04510, Mexico
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17
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Krikorian R, Shidler MD, Summer SS. Early Intervention in Cognitive Aging with Strawberry Supplementation. Nutrients 2023; 15:4431. [PMID: 37892506 PMCID: PMC10610192 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-life dementia is a growing public health concern lacking effective treatment. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) develop over a preclinical period of many years beginning in midlife. The prevalence of insulin resistance, a prominent risk factor for late-life dementia, also accelerates in middle-age. Consumption of berry fruits, including strawberries, has been shown to influence metabolism as well as cognitive performance suggesting potential to mitigate risk for dementia. In this controlled trial, we enrolled overweight middle-aged men and women with insulin resistance and subjective cognitive decline and performed a 12-week intervention with daily administration of whole-fruit strawberry powder. Diet records showed that participants in both groups maintained the prescribed abstinence from berry product consumption outside the study. We observed diminished memory interference (p = 0.02; Cohen's f = 0.45) and a reduction of depressive symptoms (p = 0.04; Cohen's f = 0.39) for the strawberry-treated participants; benefits consistent with improved executive ability. However, there was no effect of the intervention on metabolic measures, possibly a consequence of the sample size, length of the intervention, or comparatively low anthocyanin dose. Anti-inflammatory actions of anthocyanins were considered as a primary mechanistic factor. The findings support the notion that strawberry supplementation has a role in dementia risk reduction when introduced in midlife. However, further investigation with longer intervention periods, larger samples, and differing dosing regimens will be required to assess the benefits of strawberry intake with respect to cognition and metabolic function in the context of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Krikorian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Marcelle D. Shidler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Suzanne S. Summer
- Bionutrition Core, Schubert Research Clinic, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
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18
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Grabska-Kobyłecka I, Szpakowski P, Król A, Książek-Winiarek D, Kobyłecki A, Głąbiński A, Nowak D. Polyphenols and Their Impact on the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development. Nutrients 2023; 15:3454. [PMID: 37571391 PMCID: PMC10420887 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that neurodegenerative diseases' development and progression are accelerated due to oxidative stress and inflammation, which result in impairment of mitochondrial function, cellular damage, and dysfunction of DNA repair systems. The increased consumption of antioxidants can postpone the development of these disorders and improve the quality of patients' lives who have already been diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases. Prolonging life span in developed countries contributes to an increase in the incidence ratio of chronic age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD (Parkinson's disease), AD (Alzheimer's disease), or numerous forms of age-related dementias. Dietary supplementation with neuroprotective plant-derived polyphenols might be considered an important element of healthy aging. Some polyphenols improve cognition, mood, visual functions, language, and verbal memory functions. Polyphenols bioavailability differs greatly from one compound to another and is determined by solubility, degree of polymerization, conjugation, or glycosylation resulting from chemical structure. It is still unclear which polyphenols are beneficial because their potential depends on efficient transport across the BBB (blood-brain barrier), bioavailability, and stability in the CNS (central nervous system). Polyphenols improve brain functions by having a direct impact on cells and processes in the CNS. For a direct effect, polyphenolic compounds must be able to overcome the BBB and accumulate in brain tissue. In this review, the latest achievements in studies (animal models and clinical trials) on the effect of polyphenols on brain activity and function are described. The beneficial impact of plant polyphenols on the brain may be summarized by their role in increasing brain plasticity and related cognition improvement. As reversible MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, polyphenols are mood modulators and improve neuronal self-being through an increase in dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline amounts in the brain tissue. After analyzing the prohealth effects of various eating patterns, it was postulated that their beneficial effects result from synergistic interactions between individual dietary components. Polyphenols act on the brain endothelial cells and improve the BBB's integrity and reduce inflammation, thus protecting the brain from additional injury during stroke or autoimmune diseases. Polyphenolic compounds are capable of lowering blood pressure and improving cerebral blood flow. Many studies have revealed that a nutritional model based on increased consumption of antioxidants has the potential to ameliorate the cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Randomized clinical trials have also shown that the improvement of cognitive functions resulting from the consumption of foods rich in flavonoids is independent of age and health conditions. For therapeutic use, sufficient quantities of polyphenols must cross the BBB and reach the brain tissue in active form. An important issue in the direct action of polyphenols on the CNS is not only their penetration through the BBB, but also their brain metabolism and localization. The bioavailability of polyphenols is low. The most usual oral administration also conflicts with bioavailability. The main factors that limit this process and have an effect on therapeutic efficacy are: selective permeability across BBB, gastrointestinal transformations, poor absorption, rapid hepatic and colonic metabolism, and systemic elimination. Thus, phenolic compounds have inadequate bioavailability for human applications to have any beneficial effects. In recent years, new strategies have been attempted in order to exert cognitive benefits and neuroprotective effects. Converting polyphenols into nanostructures is one of the theories proposed to enhance their bioavailability. The following nanoscale delivery systems can be used to encapsulate polyphenols: nanocapsules, nanospheres, micelles, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and liposomes. It results in great expectations for the wide-scale and effective use of polyphenols in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus far, only natural polyphenols have been studied as neuroprotectors. Perhaps some modification of the chemical structure of a given polyphenol may increase its neuroprotective activity and transportation through the BBB. However, numerous questions should be answered before developing neuroprotective medications based on plant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Grabska-Kobyłecka
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Szpakowski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Król
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Dominika Książek-Winiarek
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrzej Kobyłecki
- Interventional Cardiology Lab, Copernicus Hospital, Pabianicka Str. 62, 93-513 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Głąbiński
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113 Street, 90-549 Łódź, Poland; (P.S.); (D.K.-W.); (A.G.)
| | - Dariusz Nowak
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8 Street, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
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Corral-Serrano JC, Sladen PE, Ottaviani D, Rezek OF, Athanasiou D, Jovanovic K, van der Spuy J, Mansfield BC, Cheetham ME. Eupatilin Improves Cilia Defects in Human CEP290 Ciliopathy Models. Cells 2023; 12:1575. [PMID: 37371046 PMCID: PMC10297203 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoreceptor outer segment is a highly specialized primary cilium that is essential for phototransduction and vision. Biallelic pathogenic variants in the cilia-associated gene CEP290 cause non-syndromic Leber congenital amaurosis 10 (LCA10) and syndromic diseases, where the retina is also affected. While RNA antisense oligonucleotides and gene editing are potential treatment options for the common deep intronic variant c.2991+1655A>G in CEP290, there is a need for variant-independent approaches that could be applied to a broader spectrum of ciliopathies. Here, we generated several distinct human models of CEP290-related retinal disease and investigated the effects of the flavonoid eupatilin as a potential treatment. Eupatilin improved cilium formation and length in CEP290 LCA10 patient-derived fibroblasts, in gene-edited CEP290 knockout (CEP290 KO) RPE1 cells, and in both CEP290 LCA10 and CEP290 KO iPSCs-derived retinal organoids. Furthermore, eupatilin reduced rhodopsin retention in the outer nuclear layer of CEP290 LCA10 retinal organoids. Eupatilin altered gene transcription in retinal organoids by modulating the expression of rhodopsin and by targeting cilia and synaptic plasticity pathways. This work sheds light on the mechanism of action of eupatilin and supports its potential as a variant-independent approach for CEP290-associated ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul E. Sladen
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (P.E.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Daniele Ottaviani
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (P.E.S.); (D.O.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, 35122 Padova PD, Italy
| | - Olivia F. Rezek
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (P.E.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Dimitra Athanasiou
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (P.E.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Katarina Jovanovic
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (P.E.S.); (D.O.)
| | | | - Brian C. Mansfield
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B, Rockledge Drive, Montgomery County, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael E. Cheetham
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (P.E.S.); (D.O.)
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20
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Corral-Serrano JC, Sladen PE, Ottaviani D, Rezek FO, Jovanovic K, Athanasiou D, van der Spuy J, Mansfield BC, Cheetham ME. Eupatilin improves cilia defects in human CEP290 ciliopathy models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.12.536565. [PMID: 37205323 PMCID: PMC10187159 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.12.536565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The photoreceptor outer segment is a highly specialized primary cilium essential for phototransduction and vision. Biallelic pathogenic variants in the cilia-associated gene CEP290 cause non-syndromic Leber congenital amaurosis 10 (LCA10) and syndromic diseases, where the retina is also affected. While RNA antisense oligonucleotides and gene editing are potential treatment options for the common deep intronic variant c.2991+1655A>G in CEP290 , there is a need for variant-independent approaches that could be applied to a broader spectrum of ciliopathies. Here, we generated several distinct human models of CEP290 -related retinal disease and investigated the effects of the flavonoid eupatilin as a potential treatment. Eupatilin improved cilium formation and length in CEP290 LCA10 patient-derived fibroblasts, in gene-edited CEP290 knockout (CEP290 KO) RPE1 cells, and in both CEP290 LCA10 and CEP290 KO iPSCs-derived retinal organoids. Furthermore, eupatilin reduced rhodopsin retention in the outer nuclear layer of CEP290 LCA10 retinal organoids. Eupatilin altered gene transcription in retinal organoids, by modulating the expression of rhodopsin, and by targeting cilia and synaptic plasticity pathways. This work sheds light into the mechanism of action of eupatilin, and supports its potential as a variant-independent approach for CEP290 -associated ciliopathies. Abstract Figure
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Affiliation(s)
- JC Corral-Serrano
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - PE Sladen
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - D Ottaviani
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - FO Rezek
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - K Jovanovic
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - D Athanasiou
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - J van der Spuy
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - BC Mansfield
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - ME Cheetham
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
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21
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Lopresti AL, Smith SJ, Pouchieu C, Pourtau L, Gaudout D, Pallet V, Drummond PD. Effects of a polyphenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (Memophenol™) on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1144231. [PMID: 37063535 PMCID: PMC10095830 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1144231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPolyphenols are naturally occurring organic compounds found in plants. Research suggests that their intake reduces the risk of cognitive decline and related dementias. Grapes and blueberries are polyphenol-rich foods that have attracted attention for their potential cognitive-enhancing effects.PurposeExamine the effects of supplementation with a standardized and patented polyphenol-rich grape and blueberry extract (Memophenol™) on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Study designTwo-arm, 6 month, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.MethodsOne hundred and forty-three volunteers aged 60 to 80 years with mild cognitive impairment were supplemented with either 150 mg of Memophenol™, twice daily or a placebo. Outcome measures included computer-based cognitive tasks, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A), the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, and the CASP-19.ResultsCompared to the placebo, Memophenol™ supplementation was associated with greater improvements in the speed of information processing (p = 0.020), visuospatial learning (p = 0.012), and the BRIEF-A global score (p = 0.046). However, there were no other statistically significant between-group differences in the performance of other assessed cognitive tests or self-report questionnaires. Memophenol™ supplementation was well-tolerated with no reports of significant adverse reactions.ConclusionThe promising results from this trial suggest that 6-months of supplementation with Memophenol™ may improve aspects of cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment. Further research will be important to expand on the current findings and identify the potential mechanisms of action associated with the intake of this polyphenol-rich extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Lopresti
- Clinical Research Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre and Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Adrian L. Lopresti,
| | - Stephen J. Smith
- Clinical Research Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre and Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Véronique Pallet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeurO, UMR, Bordeaux, France
| | - Peter D. Drummond
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre and Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Spohr L, de Aguiar MSS, Bona NP, Luduvico KP, Alves AG, Domingues WB, Blödorn EB, Bortolatto CF, Brüning CA, Campos VF, Stefanello FM, Spanevello RM. Blueberry Extract Modulates Brain Enzymes Activities and Reduces Neuroinflammation: Promising Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:846-861. [PMID: 36357747 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders with high rates of prevalence and mortality. MDD is pathophysiologically complex, and treatment options are limited. Blueberries are rich in polyphenols and have neuroprotective potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of blueberry extract on neuroinflammatory and neuroplasticity parameters, as well as Na+/K+-ATPase, monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice subject to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior. We also analyzed the interaction between anthocyanins and indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenase (IDO). Male Swiss mice (60-day-old) received vehicle, fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), or blueberry extract (100 or 200 mg/kg) intragastrically for 7 days before intraperitoneal LPS (0.83 mg/kg) injection. Twenty-four hours after LPS administration, the mice were subjected to behavioral tests. Both fluoxetine and blueberry extract (200 mg/kg) decreased the immobility time in the forced swim test, without affecting locomotor activity. Fluoxetine attenuated the decrease of Na+/K+-ATPase in the cerebral cortex, while blueberry extract promoted this same effect in the hippocampus. Additionally, fluoxetine and blueberry extract attenuated the decrease in the activity of MAO-A in the hippocampus. Blueberry extract (200 mg/kg) also prevented LPS-induced increase in AChE activity in the hippocampus as well as LPS upregulation of relative mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10 in the cerebral cortex. Molecular docking analysis revealed binding sites for malvidin 3-galactoside (- 7.8 kcal/mol) and malvidin 3-glucoside (- 7.9 kcal/mol) residues with IDO. Taken together, these results indicate that blueberry extract improved depression-like behavior and attenuated the neurochemical and molecular changes in the brains of mice challenged with LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Spohr
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 29, Campus Capão do Leão, s/n, Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, RS, CEP 9601090, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Soares de Aguiar
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 29, Campus Capão do Leão, s/n, Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, RS, CEP 9601090, Brazil
| | - Natália Pontes Bona
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina Pereira Luduvico
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amália Gonçalves Alves
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - William Borges Domingues
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia - Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bierhals Blödorn
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia - Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiani Folharini Bortolatto
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - César Augusto Brüning
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Farias Campos
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia - Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Biomarcadores, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção - Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 29, Campus Capão do Leão, s/n, Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, RS, CEP 9601090, Brazil.
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Paramanik V, Kurrey K, Singh P, Tiwari S. Roles of genistein in learning and memory during aging and neurological disorders. Biogerontology 2023; 24:329-346. [PMID: 36828983 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Genistein (GEN) is a non-steroidal phytoestrogen that belongs to the isoflavone class. It is abundantly found in soy. Soy and its products are used as food components in many countries including India. The present review is focused to address roles of GEN in brain functions in the context of learning and memory as a function of aging and neurological disorders. Memory decline is one of the most disabling features observed during normal aging and age-associated neurodegenerative disorders namely Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), etc. Anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes in the brain with advancement of age and pathological conditions lead to decline of cognitive functions. GEN is chemically comparable to estradiol and binds to estrogen receptors (ERs). GEN acts through ERs and mimics estrogen action. After binding to ERs, GEN regulates a plethora of brain functions including learning and memory; however detailed study still remains elusive. Due to the neuroprotective, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, GEN is used to restore or improve memory functions in different animal models and humans. The present review may be helpful to understand roles of GEN in learning and memory during aging and neurological disorders, its direction of research and therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Paramanik
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology & Drug Targeting Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484 887, MP, India.
| | - Khuleshwari Kurrey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neurobiology Division, John Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Padmanabh Singh
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology & Drug Targeting Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484 887, MP, India
| | - Sneha Tiwari
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology & Drug Targeting Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484 887, MP, India
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24
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Feng RC, Dong YH, Hong XL, Su Y, Wu XV. Effects of anthocyanin-rich supplementation on cognition of the cognitively healthy middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:287-303. [PMID: 35960187 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of age-related cognitive decline has been on the rise as the global population age, putting the independence and quality of life of elderly at risk. Anthocyanin, as a subclass of dietary flavonoids, may have a beneficial impact on cognitive outcomes. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of dietary anthocyanin supplementation on cognition of the cognitively healthy middle-aged and older adults. DATA SOURCES PubMed, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, EMBASE, ProQuest and Cochrane databases were searched. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Thirteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Anthocyanin-rich supplementation was found to significantly improve the processing speed of the older adults (95%CI 0.08, 0.44; P = 0.004). No significant differences were observed between intervention and control groups on memory, attention, executive function and psychomotor performance. Current neuroimaging studies have found promising effects of anthocyanin supplementation on brain activation and cerebral perfusion. CONCLUSION Anthocyanin-rich supplementation may preserve cognitive processing speed and neuro-activities in older adults, which improves their daily functioning and quality of life. This review provides useful insights to guide direction and methodological designs for future studies to explore the underlying mechanisms of anthocyanins. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration No. CRD42021228007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo Chen Feng
- is with the High-Dependency Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Health Group, Singapore
| | - Yan Hong Dong
- are with the Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,is with the Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xian Li Hong
- is with the Medical Intensive Care Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Health Group, Singapore
| | - Ya Su
- is with the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Nursing, Shanghai, China.,is with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Xi Vivien Wu
- are with the Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,is with the NUSMED Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zulkifli NA, Hassan Z, Mustafa MZ, Azman WNW, Hadie SNH, Ghani N, Mat Zin AA. The potential neuroprotective effects of stingless bee honey. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1048028. [PMID: 36846103 PMCID: PMC9945235 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1048028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tropical Meliponini bees produce stingless bee honey (SBH). Studies have shown beneficial properties, including antibacterial, bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory, neurotherapeutic, neuroprotective, wound, and sunburn healing capabilities. High phenolic acid and flavonoid concentrations offer SBH its benefits. SBH can include flavonoids, phenolic acids, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, organic acids, amino acids, and protein, depending on its botanical and geographic origins. Ursolic acid, p-coumaric acid, and gallic acid may diminish apoptotic signals in neuronal cells, such as nuclear morphological alterations and DNA fragmentation. Antioxidant activity minimizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and lowers oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation by decreasing enzymes generated during inflammation. Flavonoids in honey reduce neuroinflammation by decreasing proinflammatory cytokine and free radical production. Phytochemical components in honey, such as luteolin and phenylalanine, may aid neurological problems. A dietary amino acid, phenylalanine, may improve memory by functioning on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathways. Neurotrophin BDNF binds to its major receptor, TrkB, and stimulates downstream signaling cascades, which are crucial for neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Through BDNF, SBH can stimulate synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis, promoting learning and memory. Moreover, BDNF contributes to the adult brain's lasting structural and functional changes during limbic epileptogenesis by acting through the cognate receptor tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB). Given the higher antioxidants activity of SBH than the Apis sp. honey, it may be more therapeutically helpful. There is minimal research on SBH's neuroprotective effects, and the related pathways contribute to it is unclear. More research is needed to elucidate the underlying molecular process of SBH on BDNF/TrkB pathways in producing neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdarina Ausi Zulkifli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Hassan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zulkifli Mustafa
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Norlina Wan Azman
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurma Hanim Hadie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurhafizah Ghani
- Basic and Medical Sciences Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Anani Aila Mat Zin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia and Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Xu J, Zhang W, Zhong S, Xie X, Che H, Si W, Tuo X, Xu D, Zhao S. Microcystin-leucine-arginine affects brain gene expression programs and behaviors of offspring through paternal epigenetic information. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159032. [PMID: 36167133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) adversely affects male reproduction and interferes with the development of the offspring. Here, we establish a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model to understand the cross-generational effects of MC-LR in a male-lineage transmission pattern. F0 embryos were reared in water containing MC-LR (0, 5, and 25 μg/L) for 90 days and the developmental indices of F1 and F2 embryos were then measured with no MC-LR treatment. The results show that paternal MC-LR exposure reduced the hatching rate, heart rate and body weight in F1 and F2 generations. Global DNA methylation significantly increased in sperm and testes with the elevation expressions of DNA methyltransferases. Meanwhile, DNA methylation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) promoter was increased in sperm after paternal MC-LR exposure. Subsequently, increased DNA methylation of bdnf promoter and decreased gene expression of bdnf in the brain of F1 male zebrafish were detected. F1 offspring born to F0 males exhibit the depression of BDNF/AKT/CREB pathway and recapitulate these paternal neurodevelopment phenotypes in F2 offspring. In addition, the DNA methylations of dio3b and gad1b promoters were decreased and gene expressions of gad1b and dio3b were increased, accompanied with neurotransmitter disturbances in the brain of F1 male zebrafish after paternal MC-LR exposure. These data revealed that MC-LR displays a potential epigenetic impact on the germ line, reprogramming the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of brain development, and contributing to aberrant expression of neurodevelopment-related genes and behavior disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Weiyun Zhang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shengzheng Zhong
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinxin Xie
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huimin Che
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Weirong Si
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xun Tuo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Sujuan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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27
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Mhalhel K, Sicari M, Pansera L, Chen J, Levanti M, Diotel N, Rastegar S, Germanà A, Montalbano G. Zebrafish: A Model Deciphering the Impact of Flavonoids on Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cells 2023; 12:252. [PMID: 36672187 PMCID: PMC9856690 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past century, advances in biotechnology, biochemistry, and pharmacognosy have spotlighted flavonoids, polyphenolic secondary metabolites that have the ability to modulate many pathways involved in various biological mechanisms, including those involved in neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory. Moreover, flavonoids are known to impact the biological processes involved in developing neurodegenerative diseases, namely oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, several flavonoids could be used as adjuvants to prevent and counteract neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Zebrafish is an interesting model organism that can offer new opportunities to study the beneficial effects of flavonoids on neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, the high genome homology of 70% to humans, the brain organization largely similar to the human brain as well as the similar neuroanatomical and neurochemical processes, and the high neurogenic activity maintained in the adult brain makes zebrafish a valuable model for the study of human neurodegenerative diseases and deciphering the impact of flavonoids on those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Mhalhel
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Mirea Sicari
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Lidia Pansera
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Jincan Chen
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Maria Levanti
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Université de la Réunion, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Plateforme CYROI, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Antonino Germanà
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalbano
- Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab., Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy
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28
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Bazyar H, Moradi L, Zaman F, Zare Javid A. The effects of rutin flavonoid supplement on glycemic status, lipid profile, atherogenic index of plasma, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), some serum inflammatory, and oxidative stress factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2023; 37:271-284. [PMID: 36101997 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of rutin flavonoid in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In this trial (double-blind, placebo-controlled), 50 T2DM patients (supplement, n = 25 and placebo, n = 25) were randomized and supplemented with 500 mg rutin or placebo per day for 3-months. At the beginning and at the end of the study, metabolic parameters including fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMO-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c and LDL-c), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), inflammatory and oxidative stress markers such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were assessed. The results showed a significant decrease in FBG, insulin, HbA1c, HOMO-IR, LDL-c, TG, VLDL, CHOL, LDL-c.HDL-c ratio, AIP, IL-6, and MDA and a significant increase in HDL-c, QUICKI index, BDNF, and TAC compared with the initial value (p for all <.05). In the adjusted model, the mean changes of FBG, insulin, HbA1c, HOMO-IR, LDL-c, CHOL, LDL.HDL ratio, AIP, MDA, and IL-6 were significantly lower and mean changes of QUICKI index, HDL-c, and TAC were significantly higher in the rutin group compared with the placebo group (adjusted p for all <.05). It seems that rutin may have beneficial effects on improving metabolic parameters, BDNF, and inflammatory and oxidative stress factors in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Bazyar
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Moradi
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ferdows Zaman
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zare Javid
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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29
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Patterns of polyphenol intake and risk of depressive symptomatology in a population-based cohort of older adults. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2628-2636. [PMID: 36308981 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Current evidence suggests that some isolated polyphenols (PP) may exert promising effects for the risk of depression in young adults, however studies among older adults remain limited. The aim of the current study was to examine the prospective association between patterns of PP intake and the risk of depressive symptomatology (DS) in older adults. METHODS The study sample was based on the Three-City (3C) Bordeaux cohort of adults aged 65 years and over and without DS at the time of recruitment. The intakes of PP, summarised into 21 PP classes, were determined using a 24-h recall combined with the Phenol-Explorer database. In addition, the patterns of PP intake were identified by a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). DS was evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) over a period of 15 years with a reassessment every 2-3 years. The incident DS was reported for CES-D score ≥16 and/or the use of antidepressant treatment. The association between the patterns of PP intake at baseline and the risk of DS was computed using multivariate random-effect logistic regression models. RESULTS Among the 1074 participants (mean age 75.7 y, SD 4.8 y), 423 (39.4%) developed a DS during the follow-up. Distinct patterns of PP intake were identified, explaining up to 50% of the variance. The two first patterns, mainly driven by stilbenes and dihydroflavonols and by hydroxyicnnamic acid and alkylmethoxyphenols respectively, were not associated with the odds of DS. Furthermore, a higher score on the third pattern, mainly driven by monomeric flavanols and theaflavins, was associated with a significant 27% lower risk of DS over time (Odd Ratio = 0.73, 95% Confidence Interval [0.55; 0.97]). CONCLUSION This prospective study suggested that a pattern high in monomeric flavanols and theaflavins intakes, mainly provided by tea, was associated with a reduced risk of DS in older adults. These results provide promising evidence on combined PP intakes that would require further confirmation in other samples.
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30
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Othman MS, Obeidat ST, Aleid GM, Abdel-Daim MM, Habotta OA, Schwartz L, Al-Bagawi AH, Hussein MM, Bakkar A. Pergularia tomentosa coupled with selenium nanoparticles salvaged lead acetate-induced redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, and disruption of neurotransmission in rats’ brain. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the neuroprotective potential of either Pergularia tomentosa leaf methanolic extract (PtE) alone or in combination with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs-PtE) was investigated against lead acetate (PbAc)-induced neurotoxicity. Experimental rats were pretreated with PtE (100 mg/kg) or SeNPs-PtE (0.5 mg/kg) and injected intraperitoneally with PbAc (20 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. Notably, SeNPs-PtE decreased brain Pb accumulation and enhanced the level of dopamine and the activity of AChE compared to the control rats. In addition, elevated neural levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione along with decreased lipid peroxidation levels were noticed in pretreated groups with SeNPs-PtE. Moreover, SeNPs-PtE significantly suppressed neural inflammation, as indicated by lower levels of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor-kappa B p65, and nitric oxide in the examined brain tissue. The molecular results also unveiled significant down-regulation in iNOS gene expression in the brains of SeNPs-PtE-treated rats. In addition, SeNPs-PtE administration counteracted the neural loss by increasing B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels as well as decreasing BCL2-associated X protein and caspase-3 levels. To sum up, our data suggest that P. tomentosa extract alone or in combination with SeNPs has great potential in reversing the neural tissue impairment induced by PbAc via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. This study might have therapeutic implications in preventing and treating several lead-induced neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Othman
- Basic Sciences Department, University of Ha’il , 2240 , Hail , Saudi Arabia
| | - Sofian T. Obeidat
- Basic Sciences Department, University of Ha’il , 2240 , Hail , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada M. Aleid
- Basic Sciences Department, University of Ha’il , 2240 , Hail , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Phamacy Program, Batterjee Medical College , 6231 Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University , 41522 Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Ola A. Habotta
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University , 35516 , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Laurent Schwartz
- Oncology Department, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris , 71150 Paris , France
| | - Amal H. Al-Bagawi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha’il , 2240 , Hail , Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M. Hussein
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University , 11795 , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ashraf Bakkar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA) , 12585 Giza , Egypt
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Patel A, Rasheed A, Reilly I, Pareek Z, Hansen M, Haque Z, Simon-Fajardo D, Davies C, Tummala A, Reinhardt K, Bustabad A, Shaw M, Robins J, Vera Gomez K, Suphakorn T, Camacho Gemelgo M, Law A, Lin K, Hospedales E, Haley H, Perez Martinez JP, Khan S, DeCanio J, Padgett M, Abramov A, Nanjundan M. Modulation of Cytoskeleton, Protein Trafficking, and Signaling Pathways by Metabolites from Cucurbitaceae, Ericaceae, and Rosaceae Plant Families. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1380. [PMID: 36355554 PMCID: PMC9698530 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
One promising frontier within the field of Medical Botany is the study of the bioactivity of plant metabolites on human health. Although plant metabolites are metabolic byproducts that commonly regulate ecological interactions and biochemical processes in plant species, such metabolites also elicit profound effects on the cellular processes of human and other mammalian cells. In this regard, due to their potential as therapeutic agents for a variety of human diseases and induction of toxic cellular responses, further research advances are direly needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms induced by these agents. Herein, we focus our investigation on metabolites from the Cucurbitaceae, Ericaceae, and Rosaceae plant families, for which several plant species are found within the state of Florida in Hillsborough County. Specifically, we compare the molecular mechanisms by which metabolites and/or plant extracts from these plant families modulate the cytoskeleton, protein trafficking, and cell signaling to mediate functional outcomes, as well as a discussion of current gaps in knowledge. Our efforts to lay the molecular groundwork in this broad manner hold promise in supporting future research efforts in pharmacology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Meera Nanjundan
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Soler-Martínez R, Deulofeu M, Bagó-Mas A, Dubový P, Verdú E, Fiol N, Boadas-Vaello P. Central Neuropathic Pain Development Modulation Using Coffee Extract Major Polyphenolic Compounds in Spinal-Cord-Injured Female Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1617. [PMID: 36358318 PMCID: PMC9687351 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
It was recently shown that coffee polyphenolic extract exerts preventive effects on central neuropathic pain development, but it is unknown whether its beneficial effects are associated with only one of its major polyphenolic compounds or if the whole extract is needed to exert such effects. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the separate administration of major polyphenols from coffee extract exerts preventive effects on the development of central neuropathic pain in mice compared with the effects of the whole coffee extract. Thus, spinal-cord-injured female ICR-CD1 mice were daily treated with either coffee extract or its major polyphenolic compounds during the first week, and reflexive and nonreflexive pain responses were evaluated within the acute phase of spinal cord injury. In addition, the injury-induced gliosis and dorsal horn sprouting were evaluated with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the coffee extract prevented spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain, whereas its major polyphenolic compounds resulted in reflexive pain response attenuation. Both preventive and attenuation effects were associated with gliosis and afferent fiber sprouting modulation. Overall, the results suggested that coffee extract effects may be associated with potential synergistic mechanisms exerted by its major polyphenolic compounds and not by the sole effect of only one of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Soler-Martínez
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Meritxell Deulofeu
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Bagó-Mas
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Petr Dubový
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Neuroanatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Enrique Verdú
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Fiol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Agriculture and Food Technology, Polytechnic School, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pere Boadas-Vaello
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, E-17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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Banji OJ, Banji D, Makeen HA, Alqahtani SS, Alshahrani S. Neuroinflammation: The Role of Anthocyanins as Neuroprotectants. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2156-2174. [PMID: 35043761 PMCID: PMC9886846 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220119140835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a trigger for several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Exposure to noxious external stimuli induces homeostatic disturbances resulting in morphological changes in microglia, their activation, and elaboration of pro-inflammatory mediators. This leads to neuroinflammation with the progressive loss of neurons. Nutraceuticals such as anthocyanins are a class of brightly colored bioactive compounds present in fruits and vegetables with purported health benefits. They interfere with the activation of several signaling cascades that have a prominent role in preventing neuroinflammation. More importantly, anthocyanins can cross the blood-brain barrier and are safe. Hence, the current review focuses on the bioavailability of anthocyanins, clinical and in vitro evidence on their role in impeding the activation of transcription factors, modulating the immune milieu within the central nervous system, preventing the activation of microglia, and averting neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otilia J.F. Banji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA; ,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA; Tel: 966-557942761; E-mail:
| | - David Banji
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA;
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA;
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
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Understanding Acquired Brain Injury: A Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092167. [PMID: 36140268 PMCID: PMC9496189 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Any type of brain injury that transpires post-birth is referred to as Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). In general, ABI does not result from congenital disorders, degenerative diseases, or by brain trauma at birth. Although the human brain is protected from the external world by layers of tissues and bone, floating in nutrient-rich cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); it remains susceptible to harm and impairment. Brain damage resulting from ABI leads to changes in the normal neuronal tissue activity and/or structure in one or multiple areas of the brain, which can often affect normal brain functions. Impairment sustained from an ABI can last anywhere from days to a lifetime depending on the severity of the injury; however, many patients face trouble integrating themselves back into the community due to possible psychological and physiological outcomes. In this review, we discuss ABI pathologies, their types, and cellular mechanisms and summarize the therapeutic approaches for a better understanding of the subject and to create awareness among the public.
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De Amicis R, Mambrini SP, Pellizzari M, Foppiani A, Bertoli S, Battezzati A, Leone A. Systematic Review on the Potential Effect of Berry Intake in the Cognitive Functions of Healthy People. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142977. [PMID: 35889934 PMCID: PMC9321916 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy poses health challenges, such as increasing the impairment of cognitive functions. Berries show a neuroprotective effect thanks to flavonoids, able to reduce neuroinflammatory and to increase neuronal connections. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the impact of berries supplementation on cognitive function in healthy adults and the elderly. Twelve studies were included for a total of 399 participants, aged 18–81 years (mean age: 41.8 ± 4.7 years). Six studies involved young adults (23.9 ± 3.7 years), and four studies involved the elderly (60.6 ± 6.4 years). Most studies investigated effects of a single berry product, but one used a mixture of 4 berries. Non-significant differences were detected across cognition domains and methodologies, but significant and positive effects were found for all cognitive domains (attention and concentration, executive functioning, memory, motor skills and construction, and processing speed), and in most cases they were present in more than one study and detected using different methodologies. Although some limitations should be taken into account to explain these results, the positive findings across studies and methodologies elicit further studies on this topic, to endorse the consumption of berries in healthy populations to prevent cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona De Amicis
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Paola Mambrini
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
- Laboratory of Metabolic Research, S. Giuseppe Hospital, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 28824 Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Marta Pellizzari
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Andrea Foppiani
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Simona Bertoli
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Alessandro Leone
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.P.M.); (M.P.); (A.F.); (S.B.); (A.B.); (A.L.)
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Effect of Blueberry Extract on Liver in Aged Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3490776. [PMID: 35898615 PMCID: PMC9314000 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3490776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging and age-related disorders are prominent issues. Aging is associated with a gradual impairment of physiology at the genetic, cellular, tissue, and whole organism level that directly influences the development of chronic diseases and organ failure. Blueberries, on the other hand, are well known for their high content of bioactive compounds and have demonstrated positive impacts on metabolic factors that influence health and general well-being. This study is aimed at evaluating the ameliorating the effects of blueberry on the liver of aged rats by monitoring changes in metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress, and inflammatory disruption. The aged group of rats was orally administered with blueberry extract (200 mg/kg) for a period of 4 weeks. The results revealed that aging was associated with an increase in body weight, liver weight, and metabolic parameters like serum insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and liver function markers accompanied with a decrease in vitamin D levels. Furthermore, the results showed a significant diminish in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione content with an elevation in lipid peroxidation, inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) as well as fibrotic markers (TGF-β1) in the liver of aged rats. Compared to the young rats (control group), blueberry effectively reversed age-mediated disruption of the aforementioned parameters. Hence, blueberries can be used as a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of age-related liver dysfunction and disease.
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Flanagan E, Cameron D, Sobhan R, Wong C, Pontifex MG, Tosi N, Mena P, Del Rio D, Sami S, Narbad A, Müller M, Hornberger M, Vauzour D. Chronic Consumption of Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) for 12 Weeks Improves Episodic Memory and Regional Brain Perfusion in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Groups Feasibility Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:849902. [PMID: 35662954 PMCID: PMC9160193 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ageing is highly associated with cognitive decline and modifiable risk factors such as diet are believed to protect against this process. Specific dietary components and in particular, (poly)phenol-rich fruits such as berries have been increasingly recognised for their protection against age-related neurodegeneration. However, the impact of cranberries on cognitive function and neural functioning in older adults remains unclear. Design A 12-week parallel randomised placebo-controlled trial of freeze-dried cranberry powder was conducted in 60 older adults aged between 50 and 80 years. Cognitive assessment, including memory and executive function, neuroimaging and blood sample collection were conducted before and after the intervention to assess the impact of daily cranberry consumption on cognition, brain function and biomarkers of neuronal signalling. Results Cranberry supplementation for 12 weeks was associated with improvements in visual episodic memory in aged participants when compared to placebo. Mechanisms of action may include increased regional perfusion in the right entorhinal cortex, the accumbens area and the caudate in the cranberry group. Significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol during the course of the intervention was also observed. No significant differences were, however, detected for BDNF levels between groups. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that daily cranberry supplementation (equivalent to 1 small cup of cranberries) over a 12-week period improves episodic memory performance and neural functioning, providing a basis for future investigations to determine efficacy in the context of neurological disease. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03679533 and at ISRCTN as ISRCTN76069316.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Flanagan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Donnie Cameron
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Rashed Sobhan
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Wong
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew G. Pontifex
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Saber Sami
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Arjan Narbad
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Müller
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Hornberger
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David Vauzour,
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Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Composition, and Hormone Content of Wild Edible Vegetables. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Wild edible plants have been used since antiquity as folk medicine and as preservatives in foods. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activities, phenolic compounds, and hormone contents of 12 species of edible wild plants belonging to 9 families, which are consumed as vegetables by the local people at Ergan Mountain in Erzincan in Turkey. Polygonum cognatum and Malva neglecta were determined to have more antioxidant enzyme activity, more phenolic compounds, and higher hormone content than the other species. The highest catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) values for P. cognatum were determined as 45.12, 94.83, 36.76, and 1218.35 EU g−1, respectively. The highest superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (AxPOD) content for M. neglecta were determined as 97.53 EU g−1 and 81.93 EU g−1, respectively. P. cognatum is the species in which the highest levels of the hormones indolacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA), cytokinin, zeatin and jasmonic acid were detected. The highest levels of caftaric acid (CA), catechin (CAE), ferulic acid (FA), malvidin-3-o-glucoside (MG), myricetin (MYR), rutin (RT), trans-coumaric acid (TPCA), tyrosol (TY), and vanilic acid (VA) compounds were found in M. neglecta. It was determined that Falcaria vulgaris species had the highest levels of ferulic acid (FA) and quercetin (QUE) phenolics. The results show that edible wild vegetables consumed and studied by the people of the region are an important source of natural antioxidants. The possibilities of using these wild plants as functional foods should be investigated.
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Krikorian R, Skelton MR, Summer SS, Shidler MD, Sullivan PG. Blueberry Supplementation in Midlife for Dementia Risk Reduction. Nutrients 2022; 14:1619. [PMID: 35458181 PMCID: PMC9031005 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-life dementia typically develops over a period of many years beginning in midlife. Prevalence of metabolic disturbance also accelerates in middle age and is a prominent risk factor for dementia. Preliminary studies indicate that blueberry supplementation can improve cognitive performance and influence metabolism and brain function and therefore may have a role in early intervention to prevent neurodegeneration. In a randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effects of daily blueberry supplementation in a middle-aged sample of insulin-resistant participants with elevated risk for future dementia. We enrolled overweight men and women, aged 50 to 65 years, with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and performed pre- and post-intervention assessments of cognition and metabolism and exploratory measures of peripheral mitochondrial function. We observed improved performances for the blueberry group on measures of lexical access, p = 0.003, and memory interference, p = 0.04, and blueberry-treated participants reported reduced memory encoding difficulty in daily life activities, p = 0.03. The blueberry-treated group also exhibited correction of peripheral hyperinsulinemia, p = 0.04, and a modest trend for increased mitochondrial uncoupling, p = 0.11. The cognitive findings indicated improved executive ability in this middle-aged sample. In addition, the changes in metabolic and bioenergetic measures imply potential mechanistic factors associated with anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin actions. The demonstration of these benefits in middle-aged individuals with insulin resistance and SCD suggests that ongoing blueberry supplementation may contribute to protection against cognitive decline when implemented early in at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Krikorian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Matthew R. Skelton
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Suzanne S. Summer
- Bionutrition Core, Clinical Translational Research Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Marcelle D. Shidler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Patrick G. Sullivan
- Spinal Cord & Brain Injury Research Center, Chandler College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;
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Sharma P, Gaur N, Jayant S, Sharma BM, Singh B, Kharkwal H, Sharma B. Salubrious effects of ulinastatin and quercetin alone or in combination in endothelial dysfunction and vascular dementia. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:481-492. [PMID: 35396697 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00364-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia is the second most prevalent form of dementia. Hypertension is the leading risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and the progression of dementia that is of vascular origin. This study investigates the role of ulinastatin (UTI) and quercetin alone as well as in combination in hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular dementia (VaD). METHOD Two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) renovascular model was set up to induce hypertension in the Albino Wistar rats (males). Rats were assessed for mean arterial blood pressure, behavioral function (Morris water maze, attention set-shifting tests), vascular endothelial function, and biochemical levels (aortic superoxide anion and serum nitrite/nitrate), as well as brains' thiobarbituric acid reactive species-TBARS, reduced glutathione-GSH, interleukin-6, 10, tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α and acetylcholinesterase-AChE). UTI (10,000 U/kg, ip) and quercetin (60 mg/kg) were used alone and in combination for treatment. Donepezil (0.5 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. RESULTS 2K1C rats showed impairment in learning, memory, executive functioning, and reversal learning. These rats further showed endothelial dysfunction as well as an increase in mean arterial blood pressure, brains' oxidative stress, inflammation, and AChE-activity. Treatment with UTI and quercetin alone as well in combination significantly attenuated the 2K1C model induced impairments in the behavioural, biochemical, and endothelial parameters. CONCLUSION 2K1C renovascular hypertension-induced impairment in behavioural, biochemical, and endothelial parameters were attenuated by the treatment with UTI and quercetin alone as well as in combination. Therefore, the utility of these agents might be studied further to understand their full potential in hypertension-induced VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Nikita Gaur
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Meerut, India
| | - Shalini Jayant
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Meerut, India
| | - B M Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Meerut, India
| | - Bhagwat Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India
| | - Harsha Kharkwal
- Amity Natural and Herbal Product Research, Amity Institute of Phytochemistry and Phytomedicine, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
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Cheatham CL, Nieman DC, Neilson AP, Lila MA. Enhancing the Cognitive Effects of Flavonoids With Physical Activity: Is There a Case for the Gut Microbiome? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:833202. [PMID: 35273477 PMCID: PMC8902155 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.833202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cognitive changes can be the first indication of the progression to dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease. These changes may be driven by a complex interaction of factors including diet, activity levels, genetics, and environment. Here we review the evidence supporting relationships between flavonoids, physical activity, and brain function. Recent in vivo experiments and human clinical trials have shown that flavonoid-rich foods can inhibit neuroinflammation and enhance cognitive performance. Improved cognition has also been correlated with a physically active lifestyle, and with the functionality and diversity of the gut microbiome. The great majority (+ 90%) of dietary flavonoids are biotransformed into phytoactive phenolic metabolites at the gut microbiome level prior to absorption, and these prebiotic flavonoids modulate microbiota profiles and diversity. Health-relevant outcomes from flavonoid ingestion may only be realized in the presence of a robust microbiome. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) accelerates the catabolism and uptake of these gut-derived anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory metabolites into circulation. The gut microbiome exerts a profound influence on cognitive function; moderate exercise and flavonoid intake influence cognitive benefits; and exercise and flavonoid intake influence the microbiome. We conclude that there is a potential for combined impacts of flavonoid intake and physical exertion on cognitive function, as modulated by the gut microbiome, and that the combination of a flavonoid-rich diet and routine aerobic exercise may potentiate cognitive benefits and reduce cognitive decline in an aging population, via mechanisms mediated by the gut microbiome. Mechanistic animal studies and human clinical interventions are needed to further explore this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol L. Cheatham
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Lab, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Andrew P. Neilson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
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42
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Kimble R, Keane KM, Lodge JK, Cheung W, Haskell-Ramsay CF, Howatson G. Polyphenol-rich tart cherries ( Prunus Cerasus, cv Montmorency) improve sustained attention, feelings of alertness and mental fatigue and influence the plasma metabolome in middle-aged adults: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-12. [PMID: 35109960 PMCID: PMC9723490 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tart Montmorency cherries (MC) are a particularly rich source of anthocyanins and other polyphenols that have been shown to elicit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasomodulatory actions. The current study aimed to determine the influence of chronic MC supplementation on cognitive function and mood. In a 3-month double-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel study, middle-aged adults (mean ± sd: 48 ± 6 years) were randomly assigned to either 30 ml twice daily of MC (n 25) or the same amount of an isoenergetic placebo (n 25). Cognitive function and mood were assessed before and after supplementation using a computerised cognitive task battery and visual analogue scales. Cerebral blood flow was also monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy during the task battery, and questionnaires were administered to determine subjective sleep and health status and plasma metabolomics were analysed before and after supplementation. After 3 months, the MC resulted in higher accuracy in digit vigilance (mean difference: 3·3, 95 % CI: 0·2, 6·4 %) with lower number of false alarms (mean difference: -1·2, 95 % CI: -2·0, -0·4) compared with the placebo. There was also a treatment effect for higher alertness (mean difference: 5·9, 95 % CI: 1·3, 10·5 %) and lower mental fatigue ratings (mean difference -9·5, 95 % CI: -16·5, -2·5 %) with MC. Plasma metabolomics revealed an increase in a number of amino acids in response to MC intake, but not placebo. These data suggest an anti-fatiguing effect of MC supplementation as well as the ability to improve sustained attention during times of high cognitive demand, this could be related to changes in amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kimble
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Karen M. Keane
- School of Science and Computing, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland
| | - John K. Lodge
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - William Cheung
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, Northwest University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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43
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Plinia trunciflora Extract Administration Prevents HI-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, Behavioral Impairments, and Tissue Damage in Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020395. [PMID: 35057576 PMCID: PMC8779767 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of redox homeostasis and neuroinflammation are key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of brain hypoxia–ischemia (HI); medicinal plants have been studied as a therapeutic strategy, generally associated with the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammatory response. This study evaluates the neuroprotective role of the Plinia trunciflora fruit extract (PTE) in neonatal rats submitted to experimental HI. The HI insult provoked a marked increase in the lipoperoxidation levels and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, accompanied by a decrease in the brain concentration of glutathione (GSH). Interestingly, PTE was able to prevent most of the HI-induced pro-oxidant effects. It was also observed that HI increased the levels of interleukin-1β in the hippocampus, and that PTE-treatment prevented this effect. Furthermore, PTE was able to prevent neuronal loss and astrocyte reactivity induced by HI, as demonstrated by NeuN and GFAP staining, respectively. PTE also attenuated the anxiety-like behavior and prevented the spatial memory impairment caused by HI. Finally, PTE prevented neural tissue loss in the brain hemisphere, the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and the striatum ipsilateral to the HI. Taken together our results provide good evidence that the PTE extract has the potential to be investigated as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of brain insult caused by neonatal hypoxia–ischemia.
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Therapeutic benefits of flavonoids against neuroinflammation: a systematic review. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:111-136. [PMID: 35031904 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are an important class of natural polyphenolic compounds reported to exert beneficial effects in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, autoimmune and neurological disorders. Flavonoids possess potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and immuno-modulation properties. Intriguingly, the importance of flavonoids in different neurological disorders is gaining more attention due to the safety, better pharmacokinetic profile and blood-brain barrier penetration, cost-effectiveness and readiness for clinical uses/trials. Many in vitro and in vivo research studies have established the neuroprotective mechanism of flavonoids in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The present review summarizes the benefits of various classes of flavonoids (flavones, flavonols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, flavanols), chemical nature, classification, their occurrence and distribution, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. The manuscript also presents available evidences relating to the role of flavonoids in regulating key signaling pathways such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (JAK/STAT) pathway, Toll-like receptors (TLR) pathway, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway involved in neuroinflammation associated with major neurological disorders. Literature search was conducted using electronic databases like Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed central, Springer search and Web of science. Chemical structures used in the present analysis were drawn using Chemdraw Professional 15.0 software. This collective information provides comprehensive knowledge on disease pathways and therapeutic benefits of flavonoids in neurological disorders, druggability and future scope for research.
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45
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Blueberry extract attenuates norepinephrine-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:663-672. [PMID: 34988854 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced sympathetic system activation mediated by norepinephrine (NE) contributes to adverse cardiac remodeling leading to oxidative stress and cell death, progressing to heart failure. Natural antioxidants may help maintain redox balance, attenuating NE-mediated cardiac cell damage. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a blueberry extract (BBE) on H9c2 cardiac cells exposed to NE on cell death, oxidative stress status and its major signaling pathways. H9c2 cells were pre-incubated with 50 μg/ml of BBE for 4 h and maintained in the presence of 100 μM NE for 24 h. NE exposure resulted in increased caspase 3/7 activity. This was associated with reduced protein expression of antioxidants catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and increase in 4-hydroxynonenal adduct formation. NE led to increased activity of Protein kinase B (Akt), Forkhead box O3a and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha and decreased activity of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. BBE prevented caspases activation and abrogated NE-induced increase in oxidative stress, as well as attenuated the increase in Akt. Based on these findings, it is concluded that BBE promoted cardioprotection of H9c2 cells in an in vitro model of NE-induced oxidative damage, suggesting a cardioprotective role for BBE in response to NE exposure.
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Chiang NN, Lin TH, Teng YS, Sun YC, Chang KH, Lin CY, Hsieh-Li HM, Su MT, Chen CM, Lee-Chen GJ. Flavones 7,8-DHF, Quercetin, and Apigenin Against Tau Toxicity via Activation of TRKB Signaling in ΔK280 Tau RD-DsRed SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:758895. [PMID: 34975454 PMCID: PMC8714935 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.758895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with memory loss and cognitive decline. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by hyperphosphorylated Tau protein are one of the pathological hallmarks of several neurodegenerative diseases including AD. Heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 (HSPB1) is a molecular chaperone that promotes the correct folding of other proteins in response to environmental stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2), a redox-regulated transcription factor, is the master regulator of the cellular response to excess reactive oxygen species. Tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon binding brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylates itself to initiate downstream signaling for neuronal survival and axonal growth. In this study, four natural flavones such as 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), wogonin, quercetin, and apigenin were evaluated for Tau aggregation inhibitory activity and neuroprotection in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma. Among the tested flavones, 7,8-DHF, quercetin, and apigenin reduced Tau aggregation, oxidative stress, and caspase-1 activity as well as improved neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells expressing ΔK280 TauRD-DsRed folding reporter. Treatments with 7,8-DHF, quercetin, and apigenin rescued the reduced HSPB1 and NRF2 and activated TRKB-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling to upregulate cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and its downstream antiapoptotic BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2). Knockdown of TRKB attenuated the neuroprotective effects of these three flavones. Our results suggest 7,8-DHF, quercetin, and apigenin targeting HSPB1, NRF2, and TRKB to reduce Tau aggregation and protect cells against Tau neurotoxicity and may provide new treatment strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Ni Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsien Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Teng
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yin Lin
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsan Su
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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García-Cordero J, Pino A, Cuevas C, Puertas-Martín V, San Román R, de Pascual-Teresa S. Neurocognitive Effects of Cocoa and Red-Berries Consumption in Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2021; 14:1. [PMID: 35010877 PMCID: PMC8746322 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the elderly population has increased at higher rates than any other population group, resulting in an increase in age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative and cognitive impairment. To address this global health problem, it is necessary to search for new dietary strategies that can prevent the main neurocognitive problems associated with the ageing process. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of cocoa flavanols and red berry anthocyanins on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor receptor (NGF-R) and to stablish the possible improvement in cognitive performance by using a battery of neurocognitive tests that included the Verbal Learning Test Spain-Complutense, the Spatial Recall Test 10/36 BRB-N, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III and IV, the STROOP Task and the Tower of London Test. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study was performed in 60 healthy volunteers between 50 and 75 years old who consumed a cocoa powder, a red berries mixture or a combination of both for 12 weeks. After the intervention, we observed a reduction in the time needed to start (p = 0.031) and finish (p = 0.018) the neurocognitive test known as the Tower of London in all groups, but the decrease in time to finish the task was more pronounced in the intervention with the combination of cocoa-red berries group. We failed to show any significant difference in BDNF and NGF-R sera levels. However we found a negative correlation between BDNF and the number of movements required to finish the TOL in women (p = 0.044). In conclusion, our study showed an improvement in executive function, without any change in neurotrofin levels, for all intervention arms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Cordero
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.-C.); (A.P.)
| | - Alicia Pino
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.-C.); (A.P.)
| | - Constanza Cuevas
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (V.P.-M.); (R.S.R.)
| | - Verónica Puertas-Martín
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (V.P.-M.); (R.S.R.)
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, 26006 Logrono, Spain
| | - Ricardo San Román
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (V.P.-M.); (R.S.R.)
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.-C.); (A.P.)
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48
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Al Mamun A, Matsuzaki K, Islam R, Hossain S, Hossain ME, Katakura M, Arai H, Shido O, Hashimoto M. Chronic Administration of Thymoquinone Enhances Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Improves Memory in Rats Via Regulating the BDNF Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:933-951. [PMID: 34855048 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03495-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Thymoquinone is a pharmacologically active component of Nigella sativa Linn. seeds. Despite the diverse neuropharmacological attributes of TQ, limited reports related to adult neurogenesis and memory research are available. In this study, we investigated the effects of TQ on the proliferation and neural differentiation of cultured neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs). We also investigated the effect of TQ chronic administration on neurogenesis and memory in adult rats. Under proliferation conditions, TQ (0.05-0.3 μM) significantly increased NSCs/NPCs viability, neurosphere diameter, and cell count. TQ treatment under differentiation conditions increased the proportion of cells positive for Tuj1 (a neuronal marker). Furthermore, chronic oral administration of TQ (25 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks) to adult rats increased the number of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-immunopositive cells double-stained with a mature neuronal marker, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), and a proliferation marker, doublecortin (Dcx), in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. TQ-administered rats showed a profound beneficial effect on avoidance-related learning ability, associated with an increase in the hippocampal mRNA and protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as measured by both real-time PCR and ELISA. Western blot analysis revealed that TQ stimulates the phosphorylation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), the upstream signaling molecule in the BDNF pathway. Furthermore, chronic administration of TQ decreased lipid peroxide and reactive oxygen species levels in the hippocampus. Taken together, our results suggest that TQ plays a role in memory improvement in adult rats and that the CREB/BDNF signaling pathways are involved in mediating the actions of TQ in hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kentaro Matsuzaki
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan
| | - Rafiad Islam
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Shahdat Hossain
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md Emon Hossain
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Masanori Katakura
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan.,Department of Nutritional Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Geriatrics & Gerontology Division of Brain Science Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Osamu Shido
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan
| | - Michio Hashimoto
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo, Japan.
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Bilawal A, Ishfaq M, Gantumur MA, Qayum A, Shi R, Fazilani SA, Anwar A, Jiang Z, Hou J. A review of the bioactive ingredients of berries and their applications in curing diseases. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Goya L, Román RS, de Pascual-Teresa S. Polyphenols effect on cerebrovascular health. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1029-1044. [PMID: 34844534 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211129123459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a wide group of plant components that include a high number of individual compounds and are present in foods, dietary supplements and drugs. Many of them have shown pharmacological effects, are used in cardiovascular disease prevention, and not as many have been assayed in cancer treatment or co-treatment. In the last few years, however, the research on polyphenols implications in a healthy aging and especially in neurodegeneration and cognition improvement has increased dramatically. Most of the results found in this sense are again related with the capacity of some specific polyphenols to regulate the blood flow, but this time at the cerebral level, and to protect the endothelium at this same level. In this thorough review, we want to concentrate precisely on the effect of polyphenols on the cerebrovascular homeostasis, reviewing the mechanisms that underline this effect and the radiological methods and endogenous biomarkers that are used in human trials aimed at showing the beneficial effect of polyphenols or polyphenols rich foods on neuroprotection and cognition function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Goya
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid. Spain
| | - Ricardo San Román
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid. Spain
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid. Spain
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