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Liu X, Liu R, Wang Y. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury via inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149880. [PMID: 38581952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) occurs frequently and can be life-threatening. Increasing researches suggest that acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is a leading cause of drug-induced liver injury. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) alleviates hepatic inflammation, fibrosis and atherosclerosis, suggesting a potential role in different disease development. However, the question of whether and how I3A protects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury remains unanswered. In this study, we demonstrated that I3A treatment effectively mitigates acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferases (ALT/AST), liver malondialdehyde (MDA) activity, liver glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels confirmed the protective effect of I3A against APAP-induced liver injury. Liver histological examination provided further evidence of I3A-induced protection. Mechanistically, I3A reduced the expression of apoptosis-related factors and oxidative stress, alleviating disease symptoms. Finally, I3A treatment improved survival in mice receiving a lethal dose of APAP. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that I3A modulates hepatotoxicity and can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Liu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Institute of Immunological Innovation and Translation, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Gabr NM, Mina SA, El Awdan SA, Asaad GF, Abdelgayed SS, Mounir RF. Profiling of two Lampranthus species using LC-ESI/MS with evidence of their hepatoprotective activity. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38662428 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2325591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Lampranthus glaucus and Lampranthus glaucoides are only reported to have significant cytotoxic activity against certain cancer cell lines with phytochemical investigation of their petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate extracts. Further investigation was suggested concerning their hepatoprotective activity and relating it to the metabolic profile of their defatted methanol extracts using LC-ESI/MS analysis. Hepatoprotective activity was evaluated through assessment of three liver parameters as well as liver histopathological examination in thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity model. Sixty-eight and 26 phytochemicals were tentatively identified in L. glaucoides and L. glaucus, respectively, with phenolic compounds as the major class. Both plants showed significant inhibition of serum GPT and GOT levels, inhibition of tissue IL-1β and TNF-α levels and inhibition of tissue NF-κβ and caspase-3 gene expression proving hepatoprotective action. Liver treated with L. glaucoides showed lesion scoring range between negative to mild, whereas L. glaucus showed a range between mild to moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagwan M Gabr
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Suzan Adib Mina
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Gihan F Asaad
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherein S Abdelgayed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rafik F Mounir
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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3
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Li Y, Yang X, Bao T, Sun X, Li X, Zhu H, Zhang B, Ma T. Radix Astragali decoction improves liver regeneration by upregulating hepatic expression of aquaporin-9. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155166. [PMID: 37918281 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic efficacy of liver injuries heavily relies on the liver's remarkable regenerative capacity, necessitating the maintenance of glycose/lipids homeostasis and oxidative eustasis during the recovery process. Astragali Radix, an herbal tonic widely used in China and many other countries, is believed to have many positive effects, including immune stimulation, nourishing, antioxidant, liver protection, diuresis, anti-diabetes, anti-cancer and expectorant. Astragali Radix is widely integrated into hepatoprotective formulas as it is believed to facilitate liver regeneration. Nevertheless, the precise molecular pharmacological mechanisms underlying this hepatoprotective effect remain elusive. PURPOSE To investigate the improving effects of Astragali Radix on liver regeneration and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A mouse model of 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) was employed to investigate the impact of Radix Astragali decoction (HQD) on liver regeneration. HQD was orally administered for 7 days before the PHx procedure and throughout the experiment. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was used as a positive control for liver regeneration. Liver regeneration was assessed by evaluating the liver-to-body weight ratio (LW/BW) and the expression of representative cell proliferation marker proteins. Oxidative stress and glucose metabolism were analyzed using biochemical assays, Western blotting, dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining methods. To understand the role of AQP9 as a potential molecular target of HQD in promoting liver regeneration, td-Tomato-tagged AQP9 transgenic mice (AQP9-RFP) were employed to determine the expression pattern of AQP9 protein. AQP9 knockout mice (AQP9-/-) were used to assess the specific targeting of AQP9 in the promotion of liver regeneration by HQD. RESULTS HQD significantly upregulated hepatic AQP9 expression, alleviated liver injury and promoted liver regeneration in wild-type (AQP9+/+) mice after 70% PHx. However, the beneficial impact of HQD on liver regeneration was absent in AQP9 gene knockout (AQP9-/-) mice. Moreover, HQD facilitated the uptake of glycerol by hepatocytes, enhanced gluconeogenesis, and concurrently reduced H2O2 content and oxidative stress levels in AQP9+/+ but not AQP9-/- mouse livers. Additionally, main active substance of Radix Astragali, astragaloside IV (AS-IV) and cycloastragenol (CAG), demonstrated substantial upregulation of AQP9 expression and promoted liver regeneration in AQP9+/+ but not AQP9-/- mice. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that Radix Astragali and its main active constituents (AS-IV and CAG) improve liver regeneration by upregulating the expression of AQP9 in hepatocytes to increase gluconeogenesis and reduce oxidative stress. The study revealed novel molecular pharmacological mechanisms of Radix Astragali and provided a promising therapeutic target of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghao Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Tiantian Bao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Huilin Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Tonghui Ma
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Avenue 138, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Tüylü Küçükkılınç T, Ercan A. Phenelzine protects against acetaminophen induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:81-89. [PMID: 37246945 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2217696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdosing is the most common cause of drug-induced liver failure. Despite extensive study, N-acetylcysteine is currently the only antidote utilized for treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of phenelzine, an FDA-approved antidepressant, on APAP-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells. The human liver hepatocellular cell line HepG2 was used to investigate APAP-induced cytotoxicity. The protective effects of phenelzine were determined by examining the cell viability, combination index calculation, Caspase 3/7 activation, Cytochrome c release, H2O2 levels, NO levels, GSH activity, PERK protein levels, and pathway enrichment analysis. Elevated H2O2 production and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels were indicators of APAP-induced oxidative stress. The combination index of 2.04 indicated that phenelzine had an antagonistic effect on APAP-induced toxicity. When compared to APAP alone, phenelzine treatment considerably reduced caspase 3/7 activation, cytochrome c release, and H2O2 generation. However, phenelzine had minimal effect on NO and GSH levels and did not alleviate ER stress. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed a potential connection between APAP toxicity and phenelzine metabolism. These findings suggested that phenelzine's protective effect against APAP-induced cytotoxicity could be attributed to the drug's capacity to reduce APAP-mediated apoptotic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayşe Ercan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
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Gavia-García G, Rosado-Pérez J, Arista-Ugalde TL, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Santiago-Osorio E, Mendoza-Núñez VM. The consumption of Sechium edule (chayote) has antioxidant effect and prevents telomere attrition in older adults with metabolic syndrome. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2207323. [PMID: 37140004 PMCID: PMC10165935 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2207323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of the consumption of Sechium edule (1.5 g/day) for six months on oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation markers and its association with telomere length (TL) in older adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS The study was conducted in a sample of 48 older adults: placebo (EP) and experimental (EG) groups. Lipoperoxides, protein carbonylation, 8-OHdG, total oxidant status (TOS), SOD, GPx, H2O2 inhibition, total antioxidant status (TAS), inflammatory cytokines (IL6, IL10, TNF-α), and TL were measured before and six months post-treatment. RESULTS We found a significant decrease in the levels of lipoperoxides, protein carbonylation, 8-OHdG, TOS in the EG in comparison PG. Likewise, a significante increase of TAS, IL-6, and IL-10 levels was found at six months post-treatment in EG in comparison with PG. TL showed a statistically significant decrease in PG compared to post-treatment EG. CONCLUSIONS Our findigns showed that the supplementation of Sechium edule has antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, and diminushion of shortening of telomeric DNA in older adults with MetS. This would be the first study that shows that the intervention with Sechium edule has a possible geroprotective effect by preventing telomeres from shortening as usually happens in these patients. Therefore, suggesting a protection of telomeric DNA and genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Gavia-García
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Li X, Yang L, Hao M, Song T, He Y, Yang M, Zhang J. Chlorogenic acid as an indispensible partner of caffeic acid in coffee via selective regulation of prooxidative actions of caffeic acid. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113482. [PMID: 37803805 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid (CA) are two major phenolic acids in coffee. Though the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified CA as a Group2B carcinogen, coffee consumption seems generally safe within the usual levels of intake and is more likely to benefit health than to harm it. We thus speculated that CGA may effectively suppress the carcinogenic potential of CA. In a molar ratio achievable in vivo, this study shows that CGA can inhibit (i) copper reduction caused by CA, (ii) CA oxidation caused by copper, (iii) the formation of hydroxyl radicals by CA and copper, and (iv) DNA damage induced by CA, quercetin or (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in the presence of copper. CA tends to undergo autoxidation to produce hydrogen peroxide and quinone, which further reacts with proteins to form quinoproteins. This autoxidation at a tolerable level normally induces beneficial adaptive responses. This study shows that CGA is less efficient than CA in producing hydrogen peroxide and quinoprotein; however, together they synergistically produce hydrogen peroxide and quinoprotein in vitro at a molar ratio achievable in vivo. In conclusion, CGA can selectively regulate the prooxidant activities of CA depending on whether copper is involved or not. CGA could be viewed as an indispensable partner of CA in coffee, given its dual role in suppressing the carcinogenic potential of CA and boosting CA autoxidation which is beneficial for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lumin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yufeng He
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingchuan Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea & Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
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Tian J, Zhang S, Li L, Lin X, Li Y, Zhao K, Zheng F, Chen Y, Yang Y, Wu T, Pang J. Febuxostat ameliorates APAP-induced acute liver injury by activating Keap1/Nrf2 and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathways. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1864-1876. [PMID: 38031247 PMCID: PMC10792428 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231211862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive acetaminophen (APAP) application is a major cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Febuxostat (Feb), a drug for reducing uric acid (UA) levels, was demonstrated to relieve hepatic inflammation and reverse organ functions. However, the effect of Feb on APAP-induced DILI and its mechanisms have not been fully explored. In this study, Feb (10 mg/kg) was given to mice by gavage 1 h after APAP (300 mg/kg, i.g.) induction. Serum and liver samples were collected 12 or 3 h after APAP challenge. Feb treatment was found to remarkably improve APAP-induced DILI, as evidenced by reduced serum ALT, AST and UA levels, pathomorphology, inflammatory, and oxidative responses. Consistently, treatment with Feb also reduced the cell injury induced by APAP in LO2 cells. Mechanistically, Feb induced GPX4 expression, activated the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, and inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway. Feb also inhibited glutathione (GSH) depletion and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in the early injury phase. Notably, pretreatment with Feb for 3 days also revealed preventive effects against APAP-induced DILI in mice. Overall, our data revealed a potential health impact of Feb on APAP-mediated DILI in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that Feb might be a potential candidate for treating DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lu Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xueman Lin
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kunlu Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengxin Zheng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yang Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ting Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianxin Pang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Kose T, Moreno-Fernandez J, Vera-Aviles M, Sharp PA, Latunde-Dada GO. Ferulic acid protects HepG2 cells and mouse liver from iron-induced damage. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101521. [PMID: 37560439 PMCID: PMC10407627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver as iron storage organ is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress-induced injury from excess iron. Thus, antioxidant therapies are often used to reverse oxidative damage and protect cells and tissues. This study investigated the protective effects of phenolic acids; ferulic acid (FA) and its metabolite, ferulic acid 4-O-sulfate disodium salt (FAS) against oxidative stress under iron overload conditions in mouse and HepG2 cells. Cells were exposed to FA or FAS and then treated with iron-induced oxidative stress complex of 50 μmol/L FAC and 20 μmol/L of 8-hydroxyquinoline 8HQ (8HQ-FAC). Iron dextran was injected intraperitoneally on alternate days for 10 days to induce the iron overload condition in BALB/c mice. The study revealed that the phenolic acids were protective against ROS production, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant depletion in HepG2 cells and liver tissues of BALB/c mice during iron-induced oxidative stress. The protective function of phenolic acids was achieved by the transcriptional activation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to regulate antioxidant genes. In conclusion, the study provides evidence that FA has the potential as a therapeutic agent against iron-related diseases such as T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kose
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Mayra Vera-Aviles
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Paul A. Sharp
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Gladys O. Latunde-Dada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins-Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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Xue H, Wei M, Ji L. Chlorogenic acids: A pharmacological systematic review on their hepatoprotective effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154961. [PMID: 37453191 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver diseases have a negative impact on global health and are a leading cause of death worldwide. Chlorogenic acids (CGAs), a family of esters formed between certain trans-cinnamic acids and quinic acid, are natural polyphenols abundant in coffee, tea, and a variety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). They are reported to have good hepatoprotective effects against various liver diseases. PURPOSE This review aims to analyze the available literature on the hepatoprotective effect of CGAs, with particular emphasis on their mechanisms. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed and Web of Science databases were adopted to retrieve all relevant literature on CGAs for liver disease from 2013 to March 2023. RESULTS Research has indicated that CGAs play a crucial role in improving different types of liver diseases, including drug-induced liver injury (DILI), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), cholestatic liver disease (CLD), liver fibrosis, and liver cancer. CGAs display remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by activating erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Some important molecules such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and other key physiological processes like intestinal barrier and gut microbiota have also been discovered to participate in CGAs-provided amelioration on various liver diseases. CONCLUSION In this review, different studies indicate that CGAs have an excellent protective effect against various liver diseases associated with various signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Xue
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengjuan Wei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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10
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Shan M, Ma Q, Sun Y, Gao F, Cai S. The Protective Effect and Mechanism of a Phytochemical Extract from the Wild Vegetable Shutou ( Crateva unilocularis Buch.) against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Foods 2023; 12:3109. [PMID: 37628108 PMCID: PMC10453156 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) abuse is a common public health problem which can cause severe liver damage. However, strategies for dealing with this situation safely and effectively are very limited. The goal of the current work was to evaluate the protection and potential molecular mechanisms of an ethanol extract from shoots of the wild vegetable shutou (Crateva unilocularis Buch.) (ECS) against APAP-induced liver damage in mice. Mice orally received ECS for seven days (300 or 600 mg/kg b.w. per day) before being intraperitoneally injected with APAP (250 mg/kg). Results exhibited that ECS obviously decreased the content of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). Catalase and superoxide dismutase were notably restored (p < 0.05), and the content of reduced glutathione was obviously increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, ECS significantly inhibited the secretion of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.05). Further analyses of the mechanisms showed that ECS may alleviate oxidative stress in the liver by increasing the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 and NADH quinone oxidoreductase 1 proteins, and may suppress liver inflammation by inhibiting the expression of the phosphorylated-inhibitor kappa B alpha/inhibitor kappa B alpha, phosphorylated-nuclear factor κB/nuclear factor κB, and cyclooxygenase-2 proteins. Meanwhile, ECS inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis by enhancing B-cell lymphoma gene 2 and suppressing Bcl-2-associated X protein. In summary, ECS may be used as a dietary supplement to prevent the liver damage caused by APAP abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Shan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yilin Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fengyi Gao
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (M.S.); (Q.M.); (Y.S.)
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Shang H, Huang C, Xiao Z, Yang P, Zhang S, Hou X, Zhang L. Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites alleviate liver injury via AhR/Nrf2 activation in pyrrolizidine alkaloids-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:127. [PMID: 37422682 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) is caused by toxic injury, such as pyrrolizidine alkaloids, to the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and the gut microbiota may be involved. However, the specific role and underlying mechanism of gut microbiota in HSOS is unknown. METHODS HSOS model was established by gavage of monocrotaline (MCT) in rats. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with HSOS-derived or healthy gut flora was also conducted to validate the role of gut microflora in MCT-induced liver injury. The microbial 16 s rRNA analysis and untargeted metabolomics analysis in the faeces were performed to identify HSOS-related flora and metabolites. Finally, by supplementation with specific tryptophan metabolites, such as indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld) and indole acetic acid (IAA), we further confirmed the role of tryptophan metabolism in HSOS and the role of the AhR/Nrf2 pathway in MCT-induced liver injury. RESULTS MCT induced HSOS-like liver injury in rats with significantly altered gut microbiota. Particularly, some tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria reduced in MCT-treated rats, such as Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Clostridium, and accompanied by a decrease in microbial tryptophan metabolic activity and a series of tryptophan derivatives. Restoring the gut microbiota via FMT improved MCT-induced liver damage, while HSOS-derived gut microbiota aggravated the liver injury induced by MCT. Supplementation with microbial tryptophan derivatives (IAAld or IAA), or 6-formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (Ficz, an AhR agonist) could activate the AhR/Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby attenuating the MCT-induced liver oxidative stress and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells injury. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota plays a critical role in MCT-induced HSOS, with inadequate microbial tryptophan metabolism in the gut and consequently a lower activity of the AhR/Nrf2 signaling pathway in the liver, which should be a potential target for the management of HSOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Shang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhuanglong Xiao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Pengcheng Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shengyan Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Zhang Q, Yao M, Qi J, Song R, Wang L, Li J, Zhou X, Chang D, Huang Q, Li L, Wang N. Puerarin inhibited oxidative stress and alleviated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134380. [PMID: 37284311 PMCID: PMC10240043 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Puerarin (PUE) is a natural compound isolated from Puerariae Lobatae Radix, which has a neuroprotective effect on IS. We explored the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of PUE on cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting oxidative stress related to the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) were selected as the models, respectively. The therapeutic effect of PUE was observed using triphenyl tetrazolium and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Tunel-NeuN staining and Nissl staining to quantify hippocampal apoptosis. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Biochemical method to detect oxidative stress levels. The protein expression related to PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway was detected by using Western blotting. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation was used to study the molecular interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2. Results: In vivo and vitro studies showed that PUE improved neurological deficits in rats, as well as decreased oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry indicated that the release of ROS can be inhibited by PUE. In addition, the Western blotting results showed that PUE promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, and enabled Nrf2 to enter the nucleus, which further activated the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes such as HO-1. The combination of PUE with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 reversed these results. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation results showed that PUE promoted Nrf2-Keap1 complex dissociation. Discussion: Taken together, PUE can activate Nrf2 via PI3K/Akt and promote downstream antioxidant enzyme expression, which could further ameliorate oxidative stress, against I/R-induced Neuron injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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13
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Lu L, Lu T, Wu Y, Wang Y, Ke X, Yang R. Research on the effectiveness and material basis of Ligusticum chuanxiong in alleviating acute liver injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116643. [PMID: 37220808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As an effective medicinal plant, Ligusticum chuanxiong (L. chuanxiong) is traditionally used in China to treat various kinds of dysesthesia caused by liver qi stagnation, chest paralysis and heart pain caused by liver blood stagnation, and bruises and injuries caused by blood stasis. Recent research has confirmed the efficacy of L. chuanxiong in treating liver injury. AIM OF THE STUDY L. chuanxiong has significant hepatoprotective effects, but its material basis and mechanism of action are still ambiguous. This work was to reveal the potential active ingredients (parts) of L. chuanxiong for liver protection and to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of its liver protection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hepatoprotective substance basis and mechanism of L. chuanxiong were investigated using network pharmacology, and the active components of L. chuanxiong extract were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analytical techniques. Molecular docking was adopted to verify the interaction between the active ingredients in L. chuanxiong and the key targets involved in liver injury. To confirm the hepatoprotective effects of the effective part in L. chuanxiong, a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury model in mice was used. RESULTS As a result, network pharmacological analysis techniques were used to screen out potential active ingredients such as ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and p-coumaric acid, which were concentrated in the organic acid site and acted on 19 key targets related to liver protection. The biological process involved the positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis, and various signaling pathways were implicated, including the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, and others. LC-MS and GC-MS qualitatively analyzed the effective components from L. chuanxiong extract, and 50 active components were identified. The molecular docking of key components with the core targets showed good activity, which validated the predicted results. In the final analysis, a mouse model of acute liver injury induced by CCl4 further verified the greater protective effect of the organic acid fraction of L. chuanxiong on liver injury in mice compared with other parts. CONCLUSION The results reveal that L. chuanxiong may relieve liver damage, and the organic acids were the main active part in it. Its mechanism of alleviating liver injury is related to positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis, the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Taotao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiumei Ke
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Rongping Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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14
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Liu S, Qin HH, Ji XR, Gan JW, Sun MJ, Tao J, Tao ZQ, Zhao GN, Ma BX. Virtual Screening of Nrf2 Dietary-Derived Agonists and Safety by a New Deep-Learning Model and Verified In Vitro and In Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:8038-8049. [PMID: 37196215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is an essential regulatory target of antioxidants, but the lack of Nrf2 active site information has hindered discovery of new Nrf2 agonists from food-derived compounds by large-scale virtual screening. Two deep-learning models were separately trained to screen for Nrf2-agonists and safety. The trained models screened potentially active chemicals from approximately 70,000 dietary compounds within 5 min. Of the 169 potential Nrf2 agonists identified via deep-learning screening, 137 had not been reported before. Six compounds selected from the new Nrf2 agonists significantly increased (p < 0.05) the activity of Nrf2 on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated HepG2 cells (nicotiflorin (99.44 ± 18.5%), artemetin (97.91 ± 8.22%), daidzin (87.73 ± 3.77%), linonin (74.27 ± 5.73%), sinensetin (72.74 ± 10.41%), and tectoridin (77.78 ± 4.80%)), and their safety were demonstrated by an MTT assay. The safety and Nrf2 agonistic activity of nicotiflorin, artemetin, and daidzin were also reconfirm by a single-dose acute oral toxicity study and CCl4-intoxicated rat assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Huan-Huan Qin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xin-Ran Ji
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jian-Wen Gan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Meng-Jia Sun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jin Tao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhuo-Qi Tao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Process, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Guang-Nian Zhao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bing-Xin Ma
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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15
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Tang F, Wang Z, Zhou J, Yao J. Salvianolic Acid A Protects against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Regulation of the miR-485-3p/SIRT1 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040870. [PMID: 37107244 PMCID: PMC10135683 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of drug-induced liver injury is mainly attributed to acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. Salvianolic acid A (Sal A), a powerful water-soluble compound obtained from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been confirmed to exert hepatoprotective effects. However, the beneficial effects and the exact mechanisms of Sal A on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, APAP-induced liver injury with or without Sal A treatment was examined in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that Sal A could alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Furthermore, miR-485-3p could target SIRT1 after APAP hepatotoxicity and was regulated by Sal A. Importantly, inhibiting miR-485-3p had a hepatoprotective effect similar to that of Sal A on APAP-exposed AML12 cells. These findings suggest that regulating the miR-485-3p/SIRT1 pathway can alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation induced by APAP in the context of Sal A treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhecheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Junjun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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16
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Liao J, Lu Q, Li Z, Li J, Zhao Q, Li J. Acetaminophen-induced liver injury: Molecular mechanism and treatments from natural products. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1122632. [PMID: 37050900 PMCID: PMC10083499 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic over-the-counter medicine worldwide. Hepatotoxicity caused by APAP overdose is one of the leading causes of acute liver failure (ALF) in the US and in some parts of Europe, limiting its clinical application. Excessive APAP metabolism depletes glutathione and increases N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimide (NAPQI) levels, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cell necrosis in the liver, which in turn leads to liver damage. Studies have shown that natural products such as polyphenols, terpenes, anthraquinones, and sulforaphane can activate the hepatocyte antioxidant defense system with Nrf2 as the core player, reduce oxidative stress damage, and protect the liver. As the key enzyme metabolizing APAP into NAPQI, cytochrome P450 enzymes are also considered to be intriguing target for the treatment of APAP-induced liver injury. Here, we systematically review the hepatoprotective activity and molecular mechanisms of the natural products that are found to counteract the hepatotoxicity caused by APAP, providing reference information for future preclinical and clinical trials of such natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuxia Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jintao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Zhao, ; Jian Li,
| | - Jian Li
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Zhao, ; Jian Li,
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17
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Gu X, Wei M, Hu F, Ouyang H, Huang Z, Lu B, Ji L. Chlorogenic acid ameliorated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via alleviating hepatic inflammation initiated by LPS/TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 376:110461. [PMID: 36965689 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe pathological stage in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is generally recognized to be induced by chronic inflammation. Natural compound chlorogenic acid (CGA) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory capacity. This study aimed at evaluating the alleviation of CGA on NASH and further exploring its engaged mechanism via focusing on abrogating hepatic inflammation. Our results showed that CGA had a good amelioration on NASH in vivo. CGA alleviated liver oxidative injury by inducing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation and reduced liver steatosis via up-regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα). CGA attenuated hepatic inflammation in vivo, but didn't decrease the elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content. CGA blocked the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) or inflammasome both in MCDD-fed mice and in LPS-stimulated macrophages. CGA was found to directly bind to myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), and thus competitively blocked the interaction between toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MyD88, thereby abrogating hepatic inflammation initiated by LPS-TLR4-MyD88. Moreover, the CGA-provided anti-inflammatory effect was obviously disappeared in macrophages overexpressed MyD88. Hence, CGA has an excellent efficacy in improving NASH. CGA alleviated liver inflammation during NASH progression through blocking LPS-TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway via directly binding to MyD88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Gu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengjuan Wei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Feifei Hu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Ouyang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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18
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Comparisons of physicochemical features and hepatoprotective potentials of unprocessed and processed polysaccharides from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123901. [PMID: 36871693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The raw and processed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb (PM) are used to treat different diseases, and PM has also been reported to have hepatotoxic effects. Moreover, mounting evidence indicates that processed PM is less toxic than raw PM. The changes in efficacy and toxicity of PM during the processing are closely related to the changes in chemical composition. Previous studies have mainly focused on the changes of anthraquinone and stilbene glycosides during process. Polysaccharides, as main components of PM, showed many pharmacological effects, but its changes in the processing has been neglected for a long time. In this study, the polysaccharides of PM in the raw (RPMPs) and processed products (PPMPs) were determined and the liver injury model induced by acetaminophen was utilized to evaluate the impact of polysaccharides on the liver. Results showed that the heteropolysaccharides RPMPs and PPMPs both comprised Man, Rha, GlcA, GalA, Glc, Ara and Xyl, but markedly differed in polysaccharide yield, molar ratio of monosaccharide composition and Mw. In vivo analysis, results showed that demonstrated that RPMPs and PPMPs both exerted hepatoprotective effects by upregulating antioxidant enzymes and repressing lipid peroxidation. It is noteworthy that the polysaccharide yield of processed PM was seven-fold higher than that of raw PM, so it is speculated that processed PM has better hepatoprotective effects at the same dose of decoction. The present work provides an important foundation for studying the polysaccharide activity of PM and further revealing the processing mechanism of PM. This study also proposed a new hypothesis that the significant increase of polysaccharide content in processed PM may be another reason that the product PM causes less liver injury.
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Li H, Weng Q, Gong S, Zhang W, Wang J, Huang Y, Li Y, Guo J, Lan T. Kaempferol prevents acetaminophen-induced liver injury by suppressing hepatocyte ferroptosis via Nrf2 pathway activation. Food Funct 2023; 14:1884-1896. [PMID: 36723004 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02716j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) has become a growing public health problem. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death associated with lipid peroxide accumulation, has been recently implicated in AILI. The activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway is a potential therapy for AILI. Kaempferol (KA), a flavonoid widely existing in edible plants, has been reported to exert profound anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to investigate whether KA exerts anti-AILI effects via the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Mice were fasted for 22 h and injected intraperitoneally with APAP (250 mg kg-1) to induce AILI. Mice were pre-injected intragastrically with KA for 2 h followed by APAP injection. The hepatic injury was observed by H&E staining. Biochemical parameters of the serum and liver were measured using kits. KA alleviated hepatic injury and inflammatory response in AILI mice and ameliorated APAP-induced hepatic iron overload and oxidative stress in mice. In addition, the protective effects of KA against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity were examined in L02 cells in vitro. Cell viability was assayed by the CCK8 assay. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in L02 cells were detected by MitoSox fluorescence. KA reversed the APAP-induced decrease in cell viability and GSH levels and inhibited the accumulation of intracellular ROS. Furthermore, KA activated the Nrf2 pathway and upregulated Gpx4 in mouse livers and L02 cells to inhibit ferroptosis induced by APAP. Finally, molecular docking indicated the potential interaction of KA with Keap1. Taken together, KA ameliorated oxidative stress and ferroptosis-mediated AILI by activating Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiqing Weng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuai Gong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weixian Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuqiao Huang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanjun Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China. .,Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
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20
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Xu W, Liu Y, Liu Q, Chen H, Lei L, Shen X, Liu L. Procyanidins Ameliorate Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Injury via Activating the Nrf-2/SOD-1 Signal Pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/09731296221144812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives An overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) usually leads to acute liver injury, and oxidative stress is one of the fundamental mechanisms used to characterize it. Procyanidins (PCs) can reduce the oxidative stress in the liver of mice. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of PCs against APAP-induced acute liver injury. Materials and Methods Experiments were performed on male Kunming mice in six groups: phosphate-buffered saline, PCs, APAP, and PCs pretreated with 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg. The mice were peritoneally injected with PCs 30 min before the administration of APAP. First, survival rates of mice were scored every 12 hr for three days in succession. Furthermore, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (T-Bil), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-1 (IL-6) were determined. Additionally, histological analysis and hepatic oxidative stress including the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were assessed. Finally, the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and SOD-1 was detected by Western blotting. Results The data indicated that PCs improved survival rates of APAP-induced liver injury in mice models. Moreover, PCs could reduce the elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, T-Bil, TC, TG, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 due to APAP exposure with a dose-dependent manner. Besides, PCs pretreatment attenuated hepatic histopathological damage and oxidative stress which manifested the increases of SOD and GSH, whereas the decrease of MDA. Furthermore, PCs enhanced the protein expression of Nrf2 and SOD-1 in the PCs pretreatment groups compared with the APAP group. Conclusion PCs ameliorated APAP-induced acute liver injury, and Nrf2 signaling pathway modulating antioxidative stress might be involved in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Langhuan Lei
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojia Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Luo G, Huang L, Zhang Z. The molecular mechanisms of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and its potential therapeutic targets. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:412-424. [PMID: 36670547 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221147563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP), a widely used antipyretic and analgesic drug in clinics, is relatively safe at therapeutic doses; however, APAP overdose may lead to fatal acute liver injury. Currently, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is clinically used as the main antidote for APAP poisoning, but its therapeutic effect remains limited owing to rapid disease progression and the general diagnosis of advanced poisoning. As is well known, APAP-induced hepatotoxicity (AIH) is mainly caused by the toxic metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), and the toxic mechanisms of AIH are complicated. Several cellular processes are involved in the pathogenesis of AIH, including liver metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction, sterile inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and microcirculation dysfunction. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction are the major cellular events associated with APAP-induced liver injury. Many biomolecules involved in these biological processes are potential therapeutic targets for AIH. Therefore, there is an urgent need to comprehensively clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying AIH and to explore novel therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes the various cellular events involved in AIH and discusses their potential therapeutic targets, with the aim of providing new ideas for the treatment of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Luo
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
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22
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Chilvery S, Yelne A, Khurana A, Saifi MA, Bansod S, Anchi P, Godugu C. Acetaminophen induced hepatotoxicity: An overview of the promising protective effects of natural products and herbal formulations. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154510. [PMID: 36332383 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver plays an important role in regulating the metabolic processes and is the most frequently targeted organ by toxic chemicals. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a well-known anti-allergic, anti-pyretic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which upon overdose leads to hepatotoxicity, the major adverse event of this over-the-counter drug. PURPOSE APAP overdose induced acute liver injury is the second most common cause that often requires liver transplantation worldwide, for which N-acetyl cysteine is the only synthetic drug clinically approved as an antidote. So, it was felt that there is a need for the novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of liver diseases with less adverse effects. This review provides detailed analysis of the different plant extracts; phytochemicals and herbal formulations for the amelioration of APAP-induced liver injury. METHOD The data was collected using different online resources including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, and Web of Science using keywords given below. RESULTS Over the past decades various reports have revealed that plant-based approaches may be a better treatment choice for the APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in pre-clinical experimental conditions. Moreover, herbal compounds provide several advantages over the synthetic drugs with fewer side effects, easy availability and less cost for the treatment of life-threatening diseases. CONCLUSION The current review summarizes the hepatoprotective effects and therapeutic mechanisms of various plant extracts, active phytoconstituents and herbal formulations with potential application against APAP induced hepatotoxicity as the numbers of hepatoprotective natural products are more without clinical relativity. Further, pre-clinical pharmacological research will contribute to the designing of natural products as medicines with encouraging prospects for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrilekha Chilvery
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Yelne
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Saifi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sapana Bansod
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pratibha Anchi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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23
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Li S, Yin S, Ding H, Shao Y, Zhou S, Pu W, Han L, Wang T, Yu H. Polyphenols as potential metabolism mechanisms regulators in liver protection and liver cancer prevention. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13346. [PMID: 36229407 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is one of the common malignancies. The dysregulation of metabolism is a driver of accelerated tumourigenesis. Metabolic changes are well documented to maintain tumour growth, proliferation and survival. Recently, a variety of polyphenols have been shown to have a crucial role both in liver disease prevention and metabolism regulation. METHODS We conducted a literature search and combined recent data with systematic analysis to comprehensively describe the molecular mechanisms that link polyphenols to metabolic regulation and their contribution in liver protection and liver cancer prevention. RESULTS Targeting metabolic dysregulation in organisms prevents and resists the development of liver cancer, which has important implications for identifying new therapeutic strategies for the management and treatment of cancer. Polyphenols are a class of complex compounds composed of multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups and are the main active ingredients of many natural plants. They mediate a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological functions containing complex lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, iron metabolism, intestinal flora imbalance, as well as the direct interaction of their metabolites with key cell-signalling proteins. A large number of studies have found that polyphenols affect the metabolism of organisms by interfering with a variety of intracellular signals, thereby protecting the liver and reducing the risk of liver cancer. CONCLUSION This review systematically illustrates that various polyphenols, including resveratrol, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, dihydromyricetin, quercetin, catechins, curcumin, etc., improve metabolic disorders through direct or indirect pathways to protect the liver and fight liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiling Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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24
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Li T, Geng Z, Zhang J, Xu L, Zhu X. BP5 alleviates endotoxemia-induced acute lung injury by activating Nrf2 via dual regulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction and the Akt (Ser473)/GSK3β (Ser9)/Fyn pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:304-318. [PMID: 36272670 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). Previously, pentapeptide bursopentin (BP5, Cys-Lys-Arg-Val-Tyr) was reported to possess significant antioxidant activity and inhibit lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation in vitro, whereas little is known about its effects in vivo. In this study, we explored the effects of BP5 on endotoxemia-induced ALI in mice and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our studies revealed that BP5 markedly improved survival and effectively alleviated lung injury by reducing overoxidation and excessive inflammatory response in endotoxemia mice. In LPS-stimulated mouse primary macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells, BP5 also exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by enhancing Nrf2 activation. Importantly, these beneficial effects were abolished by Nrf2 knockdown. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we performed localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) assays, molecular docking, together with cell-based studies, and found that BP5 inhibited the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction to promote Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activation. Moreover, BP5-induced Nrf2 activation was shown to be accompanied by an increase in the phosphorylation of Akt (at Ser473) and GSK3β (at Ser9), and a decrease in Fyn nuclear accumulation both in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacologically inhibiting phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β obviously enhanced Fyn nuclear accumulation in RAW 264.7 cells, which partially attenuated the promoting effect of BP5 on Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and activation. Furthermore, In Nrf2-/- mice, the protective effects of BP5 on the endotoxemia-induced ALI in WT mice were largely vanished. Our findings indicated that BP5 effectively protected endotoxemia-induced ALI against oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which are largely dependent on activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Underlying mechanisms include dual regulation of the Keap-Nrf2 interaction and the Akt (Ser473)/GSK3β (Ser9)/Fyn pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, South-east University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhirong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ju Zhang
- Wuhan Yangene Biological Technology Co, LTD, Yuechuang Center of HuaZhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, South-east University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, South-east University, Nanjing, China.
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25
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Diniyah N, Badrul Alam M, Javed A, Fanar A, Choi HJ, Lee SH. In silico and docking studies on the binding activities of Keap1 of antioxidant compounds in non-oilseed legumes. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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Network Pharmacology-Based Exploration on the Intervention of Qinghao Biejia Decoction on the Inflammation-Carcinoma Transformation Process of Chronic Liver Disease via MAPK and PI3k/AKT Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9202128. [PMID: 36277879 PMCID: PMC9586778 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9202128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease(CLD) is a slow-developing and long-term disease that can cause serious damage to the liver. Thus far, it has been associated with viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease(ALD), hepatic fibrosis(HF), liver cirrhosis (LC), and liver cancer. Qinghao Biejia Decoction (QBD) is a classic ancient Chinese herbal prescription with strong immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. In this study, we used a network pharmacology approach to investigate the molecular mechanisms of QBD in the inflammation-carcinoma transformation process of chronic liver disease. Two key drug targets, MAPK1 and PIK3CA, were screened using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, revealing dihydroartemisinin, artesunate, 12-O-Nicotinoylisolineolone, caffeic acid, and diincarvilone A as active ingredients involved in QBD mechanisms. The main signaling pathways involved were the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. In summary, our results indicated that QBD affects the inflammatory transformation of chronic liver disease through MAPK1 and PIK3CA and signaling pathways MAPK and PI3K/AKT. These data provide research direction for investigating the mechanisms underlying the inflammation-carcinoma transformation process in QBD for chronic liver disease.
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27
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Zhao Y, Zhong X, Yan J, Sun C, Zhao X, Wang X. Potential roles of gut microbes in biotransformation of natural products: An overview. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:956378. [PMID: 36246222 PMCID: PMC9560768 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.956378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been extensively applied in clinical practice, characterized by multi-component and multi-target, many pharmacodynamic substances, complex action mechanisms, and various physiological activities. For the oral administration of natural products, the gut microbiota and clinical efficacy are closely related, but this relationship remains unclear. Gut microbes play an important role in the transformation and utilization of natural products caused by the diversity of enzyme systems. Effective components such as flavonoids, alkaloids, lignans, and phenols cannot be metabolized directly through human digestive enzymes but can be transformed by enzymes produced by gut microorganisms and then utilized. Therefore, the focus is paid to the metabolism of natural products through the gut microbiota. In the present study, we systematically reviewed the studies about gut microbiota and their effect on the biotransformation of various components of natural products and highlighted the involved common bacteria, reaction types, pharmacological actions, and research methods. This study aims to provide theoretical support for the clinical application in the prevention and treatment of diseases and provide new ideas for studying natural products based on gut biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinqin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junyuan Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Congying Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zhao,
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Xiaoying Wang,
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28
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Cai X, Hua S, Deng J, Du Z, Zhang D, Liu Z, Khan NU, Zhou M, Chen Z. Astaxanthin Activated the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Enhance Autophagy and Inhibit Ferroptosis, Ameliorating Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42887-42903. [PMID: 36094079 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury (AILI) is a common liver disease in clinical practice. Only one clinically approved drug, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), for the treatment of AILI is available in clinics, but novel treatment strategies are still needed due to the complicated pathological changes of AILI and the side effects of NAC. Here, we found that astaxanthin (ASX) can prevent AILI through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. After treatment with ASX, there was a positive activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in AILI models both in vivo and in vitro accompanied by enhanced autophagy and reduced ferroptosis. In APAP-challenged L02 liver cells, ASX reduced autophagy and enhanced apoptosis of the cells. Furthermore, we developed ASX-loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN@ASX) to improve the aqueous solubility of ASX and targeted delivery of ASX to the liver and then significantly improve the therapeutic effects. Taken together, we found that ASX can protect against AILI by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which mainly affects oxidative stress, autophagy, and ferroptosis processes, and the HMSN@ASX nanosystem can target the liver to enhance the treatment efficiency of AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Shiyuan Hua
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310009, China
| | - Jingwen Deng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Zhen Du
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310009, China
| | - Dongxiao Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310009, China
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310009, China
| | - Nazif Ullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China
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29
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Li X, Zheng L, Zhang B, Deng ZY, Luo T. The Structure Basis of Phytochemicals as Metabolic Signals for Combating Obesity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:913883. [PMID: 35769384 PMCID: PMC9234462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.913883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of phytochemicals, bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, has been demonstrated to ameliorate obesity and related metabolic symptoms by regulating specific metabolic pathways. This review summarizes the progress made in our understanding of the potential of phytochemicals as metabolic signals: we discuss herein selected molecular mechanisms which are involved in the occurrence of obesity that may be regulated by phytochemicals. The focus of our review highlights the regulation of transcription factors toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and regulation of microRNAs (miRNA). In this review, the effect of phytochemicals on signaling pathways involved in obesity were discussed on the basis of their chemical structure, suggesting molecular mechanisms for how phytochemicals may impact these signaling pathways. For example, compounds with an isothiocyanate group or an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group may interact with the TLR4 signaling pathway. Regarding Nrf2, we examine compounds possessing an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group which binds covalently with the cysteine thiols of Keap1. Additionally, phytochemical activation of PPARs, FTO and miRNAs were summarized. This information may be of value to better understand how specific phytochemicals interact with specific signaling pathways and help guide the development of new drugs to combat obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Zhou Q, Zhang N, Hu T, Xu H, Duan X, Liu B, Chen F, Wang M. Dietary phenolic-type Nrf2-activators: implications in the control of toxin-induced hepatic disorders. Food Funct 2022; 13:5480-5497. [PMID: 35411358 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04237h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have exemplified the importance of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation in the alleviation of toxin-induced hepatic disorders primarily through eliminating oxidative stress. Whereafter, increasingly more efforts have been contributed to finding Nrf2-activators, especially from dietary polyphenols. The present review summarized the phenolic-type Nrf2-activators published in the past few decades, analyzed their effectiveness based on their structural characteristics and outlined their related mechanisms. It turns out that flavonoids are the largest group of phenolic-type Nrf2-activators, followed by nonflavonoids and phenolic acids. When counting on subgroups, the top three types are flavonols, flavones, and hydroxycinnamic acids, with curcuminoids having the highest effective doses. Moreover, most polyphenols work through the phosphorylation of Nrf2. Besides, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and protein kinase B (Akt) are the frequent targets of these Nrf2-activators, which indirectly mediate the behavior of Nrf2. However, current data are not sufficient to conclude any structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Nana Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tingyan Hu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xinxing Duan
- Schlegel Research Institute for Aging & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Chen Q, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Xie X, Kuang N, Wei Y, Yu M, Hu T. Intervening Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Quercitrin on PCV2-Induced Histone Acetylation, Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in 3D4/2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050941. [PMID: 35624806 PMCID: PMC9137775 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main pathogen causing porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVD/PCVADs), and infection of the host induces immunosuppression. Since quercitrin (QUE) has anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity, it is worth exploiting in animal diseases. In this study, the interventional effects and the molecular mechanism of QUE on PCV2-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in 3D4/2 cells and the modulation of histone acetylation modifications were investigated. The ROS production was measured by DCFH-DA fluorescent probes. HAT and HDAC enzyme activity were determined by ELISA. Histone acetylation, oxidative stress and inflammation-related gene expression levels were measured by q-PCR. Histone H3 and H4 (AcH3 and AcH4) acetylation, oxidative stress and inflammation-related protein expression levels were measured by Western blot. The results showed that QUE treatment at different concentrations on PCV2-infected 3D4/2 cells was able to attenuate the production of ROS. Moreover, QUE treatment could also intervene in oxidative stress and decrease the enzyme activity of HAT and the mRNA expression level of HAT1, while it increased the enzyme activity of HDAC and HDAC1 mRNA expression levels and downregulated histone H3 and H4 (AcH3 and AcH4) acetylation modification levels. In addition, QUE treatment even downregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, IκB, AKT and p38, but upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-10, SOD, GPx1, p65, Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1. As to protein expression, QUE treatment downregulated the levels of iNOS, p-p65 and IL-8 as well as the phosphorylation expression of IκB and p38, while it upregulated the levels of HO-1 and NQO1. It was shown that QUE at 25, 50 or 100 μmol/L regulated p38MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by downregulating cellular histone acetylation modification levels while inhibiting the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant signaling pathway, thus regulating the production of inflammatory and antioxidant factors and exerting both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
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Zhang S, Wu Z, Shi L, Yan S, Huang Z, Lu B, Wang Z, Ji L. 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside ameliorates NAFLD via attenuating hepatic steatosis through inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction dependent on SIRT5. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153994. [PMID: 35220131 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more and more common in clinic in the world, and the study on its mechanism and treatment strategy has already been a research hotspot. Natural chemical compound 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (TSG) is isolated from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. that has already been reported to have the lipid-lowering activity. PURPOSE The purpose of this research was to observe the improvement of TSG on methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NAFLD in mice and to further elucidate its engaged mechanism. METHODS NAFLD was induced in mice fed by MCD diet for 6 weeks. The accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes was induced by 0.5 mM non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). Biochemical parameters in serum or livers from mice were tested. Protein and mRNA expression and stability were measured. Mitochondrial dysfunction was analyzed both in vivo and in vitro. The Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis was used to find potential involved key molecules. RESULTS TSG attenuated hepatic parenchymal cells injury, liver inflammatory responses and hepatic fibrosis, and markedly ameliorated liver steatosis in mice from MCD group. In vitro results indicated that TSG reduced the accumulation of cellular lipids in hepatocytes induced by NEFA. TSG reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction both in vivo and in vitro. The label-free quantitative proteomic analysis predicted the crucial participation of NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5 (SIRT5). Next experimental results further evidenced that TSG enhanced SIRT5 expression in mitochondria both in vitro and in vivo. The TSG-supplied inhibition on ROS formation and mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes was disappeared after the application of SIRT5 siRNA. TSG increased the expression and enzymatic activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), but this enhance was diminished in hepatocytes transfected with SIRT5 siRNA. Additionally, the TSG-provided inhibition on cellular lipids accumulation was also disappeared in hepatocytes transfected with SIRT5 siRNA. Further results demonstrated that TSG increased SIRT5 expression by regulating its mRNA stability through enhancing the binding of SIRT5 mRNA with serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2), which is an RNA-binding protein (RBP). CONCLUSION TSG attenuated liver steatosis and inhibited NAFLD progression through preventing oxidative stress injury and improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and SIRT5 played a key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zeqi Wu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetic Metabolism, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shihao Yan
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Miao H, Ouyang H, Guo Q, Wei M, Lu B, Kai G, Ji L. Chlorogenic acid alleviated liver fibrosis in methionine and choline deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice and its mechanism. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 106:109020. [PMID: 35472433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), one of the most common chronic liver diseases, is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) accompanied by the development of liver fibrosis. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural polyphenolic compound. This study aims to observe the CGA-provided alleviation on liver fibrosis in methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH in mice and to elucidate its engaged mechanism. CGA attenuated hepatocellular injury, decreased the elevated hepatic lipids accumulation and attenuated liver fibrosis by reducing hepatic collagen deposition in mice fed with MCD diet. CGA abrogated the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the CGA-provided inhibition on HSCs activation in vitro was obviously disappeared after the application of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1alpha (PGC1α) siRNA. CGA reduced the enhanced hepatic extracellular matrix (ECM) expression and the elevated serum high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) content in mice fed with MCD diet. CGA decreased the HMGB1-induced ECM production in both human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). CGA also weakly promoted mitochondrial biogenesis in both LSECs and HUVECs incubated with HMGB1. Hence, CGA ameliorated hepatic fibrosis in mice fed with MCD diet through inhibiting HSCs activation via promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and reducing the HMGB1-initiated ECM production in hepatic vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Miao
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hao Ouyang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qian Guo
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengjuan Wei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311402, China.
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Kostić S, Vilotić A, Pirković A, Dekanski D, Borozan S, Nacka-Aleksić M, Vrzić-Petronijević S, Krivokuća MJ. Caffeic acid protects human trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells from H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112993. [PMID: 35398184 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Caffeic acid is highlighted as one of the major phenolic compounds present in foods with known antioxidant activity. This phenolic is among commonly consumed substances in everyday diet of pregnant women. However, there is not enough information on its effects during pregnancy, especially the most vulnerable early stage. Extravillous trophoblast cells are specific cells of the placenta that come in direct contact with maternal uterine tissue. Through this study we investigated the cytoprotective effects of caffeic acid on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in first trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo. Investigated concentrations (1-100 μM) of caffeic acid showed neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic effects on HTR-8/SVneo cells. The treatment with caffeic acid 100 μM significantly increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle, compared to non-treated cells. Pretreatment with caffeic acid (10 and 100 μM) attenuated oxidative DNA damage significantly, reduced cytotoxicity, protein and lipid peroxidation, and restored antioxidant capacity in trophoblast cells following H2O2 exposure. This beneficial outcome is probably mediated by the augmentation of GSH and effective ROS scavenging by caffeic acid. These promising results require further investigations to reveal the additional mechanisms/pathways and confirmation through studies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vilotić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrea Pirković
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Department of Chemistry, Bulevar oslobođenja 18, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Nacka-Aleksić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Vrzić-Petronijević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovića 26, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanović Krivokuća
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Askar MA, Guida MS, AbuNour SM, Ragab EA, Ali EN, Abdel-Magied N, Mansour NA, Elmasry SA. Nanoparticles for active combination radio mitigating agents of zinc coumarate and zinc caffeinate in a rat model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30233-30248. [PMID: 35000180 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc coumarate and zinc caffeinate nanoparticles (ZnCoNPs, ZnCaNPs) affect different biological processes. This study aimed to evaluate the mitigating action of ZnCoNPs in combination with ZnCaNPs against liver damage induced by gamma rays (γ-rays). Rats were exposed to 7 Gy of γ-rays and then injected intraperitoneally (i.p) with ZnCoNPs [2U/rat/day (5 mg/kg)] and ZnCaNPs [2U/rat/day (15 mg/kg)] for 7 consecutive days. The results showed that irradiated rats treated with ZnCoNPs (5 mg/kg/body weight) in combination with ZnCaNPs (15 mg/kg/body weight) for 7 days had a significant increases in body weight, antioxidant levels, T helper cell 4 (cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)), and T cytotoxic cell 8 (cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8)), associated with a marked decrease in lipid peroxidation (LP), nitric oxide(NOx), total free radicals concentrate (TFRC), and DNA fragmentation. There were positive alterations in the morphological state, hematological parameters and the cell cycle phases. Additionally, the histopathological study demonstrated an improvement in the liver tissue of irradiated rats after treatment. Thus, ZnCoNPs and ZnCaNPs could be used as natural mitigating agents to reduce the hazards of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Askar
- Department of Radiation Biology Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S Guida
- GenticUnit, Pediatric Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Seham M AbuNour
- Department of Health and Radiation Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam A Ragab
- Department of Natural Product Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eiman N Ali
- Department of Radiation Biology Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia Abdel-Magied
- Department of Radiation Biology Research, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nahla A Mansour
- Petrochemical Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir A Elmasry
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City, Egypt
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Owumi SE, Irozuru CE, Arunsi UO, Faleke HO, Oyelere AK. Caffeic acid mitigates aflatoxin B1-mediated toxicity in the male rat reproductive system by modulating inflammatory and apoptotic responses, testicular function, and the redox-regulatory systems. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14090. [PMID: 35112365 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is a toxic metabolite of public health concern. The present study investigates the protective effects of caffeic acid (CA) against AFB1 -induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the hypothalamus, epididymis, and testis of male rats. Five experimental rat cohorts (n = 6) were treated per os for 28 consecutive days as follows: Control (Corn oil 2 ml/kg body weight), AFB1 alone (50μg/kg), CA alone (40 mg/kg) and the co-treated rat cohorts (AFB1 : 50μg/kg + CA1: 20 or 40 mg/kg). Following sacrifice, the biomarkers of hypothalamic, epididymal, and testicular toxicities, antioxidant enzyme activities, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, as well as levels of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen and nitrogen (RONS) species and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were analysed spectrophotometrically. Besides, the concentration of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were assessed using ELISA. Results showed that the AFB1 -induced decrease in biomarkers of testicular, epididymal and hypothalamic toxicity was significantly (p < .05) alleviated in rats coexposed to CA. Moreover, the reduction of antioxidant status and the increase in RONS and LPO were lessened (p < .05) in rats co-treated with CA. AFB1 mediated increase in TNF-α, Bax, NO and MPO activity were reduced (p< .05) in the hypothalamus, epididymis, and testis of rats coexposed to CA. In addition, Bcl-2 levels were reduced in rats treated with CA dose-dependently. Light microscopic examination showed that histopathological lesions severity induced by AFB1 were alleviated in rats coexposed to CA. Taken together, the amelioration of AFB1 -induced neuronal and reproductive toxicities by CA involves anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic mechanisms in rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The beneficial antioxidant effects of caffeic acid (CA) are attributed to CA delocalized aromatic rings and free electrons, easily donated to stabilize reactive oxygen species. We report in vivo findings on CA and AfB1 mediated oxidative stress and reproductive dysfunction in rats. CA conjugated esters including chlorogenic acids are widely distributed in plants, and they act as a dietary source of natural defense against infections. CA can chelate heavy metals and reduce production of damaging free radicals to cellular macromolecules. Along these lines, CA can stabilize aflatoxin B1-epoxide as well and avert deleterious conjugates from forming with deoxyribonucleic acids. Hence CA, as a dietary phytochemical can protect against the damaging effects of toxins including aflatoxin B1 that contaminate food. CA dose-dependently abated oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic stimuli, improved functional characteristics of spermatozoa and reproductive hormone levels, and prevented histological alterations in experimental rats' hypothalamus and reproductive organs brought about by AFB1 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Chioma E Irozuru
- Molecular Drug Metabolism Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Uche O Arunsi
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hammed O Faleke
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biotechnology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Pan Y, Li H, Chen X, Fan Y, Zhang B, Liu R, Deng ZY. Antioxidant interactions between hydrophilic and lipophilic phytochemicals are influenced by their ratios and total concentrations. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Owumi SE, Irozuru CE, Arunsi UO, Oyelere AK. Caffeic acid protects against DNA damage, oxidative and inflammatory mediated toxicities, and upregulated caspases activation in the hepatorenal system of rats treated with aflatoxin B 1. Toxicon 2022; 207:1-12. [PMID: 34995555 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxicosis can induce largescale toxicities in predisposed populations. Food fortification with adequate antioxidant sources may reduce the toxic burden from aflatoxicosis. We examined the individual and combined effect of Caffeic acid (CA) on the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatic and renal injury in male rats. Five experimental rat cohort (n = 6) consisting of the control (2 mL/kg corn oil), AFB1 alone (50 μg/kg), CA alone (40 mg/kg), AFB1+CA1 (50 μg/kg + 20 mg/kg) and AFB1+CA2 (50 μg/kg + 40 mg/kg) were so treated for 28 consecutive days. Upon sacrifices, diagnostic markers of hepatorenal functions, oxidative stress, inflammation, oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid -DNA-damage and apoptosis were analysed. Our results showed that CA reduced AFB1-induced toxicities in rats' liver and kidneys by significantly increasing (p < 0.05) endogenous antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory IL-10 level. Caffeic acid simultaneously reduced hepatic and renal dysfunction biomarkers in the serum, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation levels. Besides, CA diminished reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, inflammatory nitric oxide levels, interleukin-1 β and the activities of xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase. Additionally, CA reduced DNA damage and caspase-mediated apoptotic responses and preserved the cytoarchitecture of rats' liver and kidneys treated with AFB1. These data suggest that CA can be used as a food additive to mitigate AFB1-induced toxicity in the examined organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, 200004, Nigeria.
| | - Chioma E Irozuru
- Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, 200004, Nigeria
| | - Uche O Arunsi
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
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Wang G, Han Q, Yan X, Feng L, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhang Y. Polyphenols-rich extracts from walnut green husk prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, vascular endothelial dysfunction and colon tissue damage in rats induced by high-fat diet. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Ilesanmi OB, Inala ER. Hepatoprotective effect of Ipomoea cairica (Convolvulaceae) leaf extract against cadmium chloride induced liver damage. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu J, Wu Y, Wang Y, Wu X, Li Y, Gao C, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Cai J, Su Z. Hepatoprotective effect of polysaccharide isolated from Sonneratia apetala fruits on acetaminophen-induced liver injury mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Uuh-Narvaez JJ, Segura-Campos MR. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): A food with functional properties aimed to type 2 diabetes prevention and management. J Food Sci 2021; 86:4775-4798. [PMID: 34658044 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing the prevalence worldwide at an alarming rate, becoming a serious public health problem that mainly affects developing countries. Functional food research is currently of great interest because it contributes to developing nutritional therapy strategies for T2DM prevention and treatment. Bioactive compounds identified in some plant foods contribute to human health by mechanisms of action that exert biological effects on metabolic pathways involved in the development of T2DM. Hence, vegetables with high bioactive compounds content may be a source of functional value for the control of T2DM. Cabbages varieties (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) such as green (GCB), white (WCB), and red (RCB) are foods consumed (raw or cooked) and cultivated in different regions of the world. Scientific evidence shows that cabbage has multi-target effects on glucose homeostatic regulation due to its high content of bioactive compounds. It has also been shown to decrease damage to organs affected by T2DM complications, such as the liver and kidney. Additionally, it could contribute as a preventive by attenuating problems underlying the development of T2DM as oxidative stress and obesity. This review highlights the functional properties of cabbage varieties involved in glucose regulation and the main mechanisms of the action exerted by their bioactive compounds. In conclusion, cabbage is a valuable food that can be employed as part of nutritional therapy or functional ingredient aimed at the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
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Yan S, Zhang S, Du A, Miao H, Lu B, Huang Z, Ji L. Network pharmacology-based identification of significant pathway for protection of Yinhuang granule in a mice model of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153666. [PMID: 34339944 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a spectrum of liver disorders. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is defined as a more serious process of MAFLD with liver inflammation. PURPOSE This study aims to observe the alleviation of Yinhuang granule (YHG), a Chinese patent medicine, on methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD)-induced MAFLD in mice. METHODS Network pharmacology was used to analyze the improving effect of YHG on MAFLD and possible targets. MAFLD was induced in mice by MCD diet feeding for 6 weeks. In the last 2 weeks, the mice were orally given with YHG (400, 800 mg/kg) every day. Biochemical parameters of serum and liver, as well as hepatic gene expression were detected. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed that YHG could improve MAFLD, inflammation, liver fibrosis, and oxidative stress. In animal experiments, YHG reduced hepatocellular damage and hepatic lipids accumulation which induced by MCD. In terms of liver inflammation, YHG attenuated MCD-induced liver inflammation in mice. YHG also inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and alleviated liver fibrosis in MCD-fed mice. Through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, YHG alleviated liver oxidative stress injury in mice which induced by MCD. CONCLUSION YHG ameliorated MCD-induced MAFLD in mice by reducing hepatic lipids accumulation, alleviating liver oxidative, inflammatory injury and attenuating hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Yan
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ao Du
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Miao
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Roles of Suaeda vermiculata Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract, Its Subsequent Fractions, and the Isolated Compounds in Hepatoprotection against Paracetamol-Induced Toxicity as Compared to Silymarin. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6174897. [PMID: 34567411 PMCID: PMC8463249 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6174897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Suaeda vermiculata, a halophyte consumed by livestock, is also used by Bedouins to manage liver disorders. The aqueous-ethanolic extract of S. vermiculata, its subsequent fractions, and pure compounds, i.e., pheophytin-A (1), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (2), and quercetin (3), were evaluated for their hepatoprotective efficacy. The male mice were daily fed with either silymarin, plant aq.-ethanolic extract, fractions, pure isolated compounds, or carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) for 7 days (n = 6/group, p.o.). On the day 7th of the administrations, all, except the intact animal groups, were induced with hepatotoxicity using paracetamol (PCM, 300 mg/kg). The anesthetized animals were euthanized after 24 h; blood and liver tissues were collected and analysed. The serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels decreased significantly for all the S. vermiculata aq.-ethanolic extract, fraction, and compound-treated groups when equated with the PCM group (p < 0.0001). The antioxidant, superoxide dismutase (SOD), increased significantly (p < 0.05) for the silymarin-, n-hexane-, and quercetin-fed groups. Similarly, the catalase (CAT) enzyme level significantly increased for all the groups, except for the compound 2-treated group as compared to the CMC group. Also, the glutathione reductase (GR) levels were significantly increased for the n-butanol treated group than for the PCM group. The oxidative stress biomarkers, lipid peroxide (LP) and nitric oxide (NO), the inflammatory markers, IL-6 and TNF-α, and the kidney's functional biomarker parameters remained unchanged and did not differ significantly for the treated groups in comparison to the PCM-induced toxicity bearing animals. All the treated groups demonstrated significant decreases in cholesterol levels as compared to the PCM group, indicating hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects. The quercetin-treated group demonstrated significant improvement in triglyceride level. The S. vermiculata aq.-ethanolic extract, fractions, and the isolated compounds demonstrated their hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects, confirming the claimed traditional use of the herb as a liver protectant.
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Protective Effect of Phoenix dactylifera L. Seeds against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: A Comparison with Vitamin C. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:6618273. [PMID: 34326710 PMCID: PMC8277504 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6618273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera L. (date palm) seeds have been mentioned in the Moroccan pharmacopoeia as efficient remedies against a wide range of diseases including hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders and countless infections. The current work was performed to assess the phenolic profile and hepatoprotective potential of two date seed varieties, locally known as Jihl and Majhoul, aqueous extracts against paracetamol- (PCM-) driven liver toxicity in 42 Wistar rats. The polyphenol profile was built by means of an HPLC analysis. Hepatic damage was provoked by exposing rats to PCM at a dose of 1.5 g/kg once a week. Besides PCM, Jihl and Majhoul date seed extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg) were administered orally in a day-to-day routine. Our findings showed that among the examined polyphenol compounds, p-coumaric acid, quercetin, caffeic acid, and rutin were the most abundant phytochemicals. Date pits significantly (p < 0.001) stabilized the PCM-driven alterations in liver function parameters (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, total protein, direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin). Moreover, Phoenix dactylifera pits enhanced considerably (p < 0.001) the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) as well as the level of reduced glutathione (GSH). The established hepatoprotective effect may be due to the date seeds antioxidant effect and their ability to trap free radicals. The main outcomes of the present study could validate the traditional use of these date seeds to manage various health conditions.
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Analysis of the mechanisms of action of isopentenyl caffeate against Leishmania. Biochimie 2021; 189:158-167. [PMID: 34216704 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected parasitic disease for which the conventional treatment can be considered inefficient and extremely aggressive, generating several and severe side effects. Therefore, the discovery of new drug candidates is important for the improvement in the quality of life of patients. Previously, we reported the promising results of isopentyl caffeate (ICaf) against Leishmania chagasi (agent of visceral leishmaniasis) and Leishmania amazonensis (agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis) promastigotes, displaying IC50 of 1.56 and 1.71 μM, respectively. Herein, we aimed to decipher the mechanisms of anti-Leishmania action of ICaf. Light and scanning electron microscopy assays showed relevant morphological changes in promastigotes when treated with ICaf, including rounding of the parasite body, shortening of the flagellum, blebs on the plasma membrane and cellular aggregation. The parasite mitochondrion was targeted by ICaf, resulting in a significant reduction in its metabolic activity and electric membrane potential followed by an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, which culminated in the loss of plasma membrane integrity and parasite death. Relevantly, ICaf also had a potent anti-amastigote action. The IC50 values calculated for intracellular amastigotes of L. amazonensis were 3.27, 1.60 and 1.52 μM, while for L. chagasi the values were 2.48, 1.84 and 1.60 μM, respectively, after treating the infected macrophages with ICaf for 24, 48 and 72 h. ICaf was well tolerated by THP-1 macrophages, which gave rise to excellent selectivity indexes considering both Leishmania species. The current results suggest that ICaf may emerge as a chemotherapeutic alternative for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
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Zhang D, Wang S, Ospina E, Shabandri O, Lank D, Akakpo JY, Zhao Z, Yang M, Wu J, Jaeschke H, Saha P, Tong X, Yin L. Fructose Protects Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity Mainly by Activating the Carbohydrate-Response Element-Binding Protein α-Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Axis in Mice. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:992-1008. [PMID: 34141985 PMCID: PMC8183176 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol [APAP]) overdose is the most common cause of drug-induced liver injury in the Western world and has limited therapeutic options. As an important dietary component intake, fructose is mainly metabolized in liver, but its impact on APAP-induced liver injury is not well established. We aimed to examine whether fructose supplementation could protect against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and to determine potential fructose-sensitive intracellular mediators. We found that both high-fructose diet feeding before APAP injection and fructose gavage after APAP injection reduced APAP-induced liver injury with a concomitant induction of the hepatic carbohydrate-response element-binding protein α (ChREBPα)-fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) pathway. In contrast, Chrebpα liver-specific-knockout (Chrebpα-LKO) mice failed to respond to fructose following APAP overdose, suggesting that ChREBPα is the essential intracellular mediator of fructose-induced hepatoprotective action. Primary mouse hepatocytes with deletion of Fgf21 also failed to show fructose protection against APAP hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, overexpression of FGF21 in the liver was sufficient to reverse liver toxicity in APAP-injected Chrebpα-LKO mice. Conclusion: Fructose protects against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity likely through its ability to activate the hepatocyte ChREBPα-FGF21 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqiang Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Sujuan Wang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Erin Ospina
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Omar Shabandri
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Daniel Lank
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Jephte Y Akakpo
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology, and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Zifeng Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Meichan Yang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA.,Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology, and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Pradip Saha
- Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Molecular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
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Ahangarpour A, Alboghobeish S, Oroojan AA, Dehghani MA. Caffeic acid protects mice pancreatic islets from oxidative stress induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2021; 12:77-85. [PMID: 33953877 PMCID: PMC8094137 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.94666.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Increasing applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) indicate the necessity to examine their toxicity. According to previous studies, CNTs caused oxidative stress that impaired β-cell functions and reduced insulin secretion. Our previous study indicated that single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) could induce oxidative stress in pancreatic islets. However, there is no study on the effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on islets and β-cells. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate effects of MWCNTs on the oxidative stress of islets and the protective effects of caffeic acid (CA) as an antioxidant. The effects of MWCNTs and CA on islets were investigated using MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), the content of glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and insulin secretion measurements. The lower viability of islet cells was dose-dependent due to the exposure to MWCNTs according to the MTT assay. Further studies revealed that MWCNTs decreased insulin secretion and MMP, induced ROS creation, increased the MDA level, and decreased activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and content of GSH. Furthermore, the pretreatment of islets with CA returned the changes. These findings indicated that MWCNTs might induce the oxidative stress of pancreatic islets occurring diabetes and protective CA effects that were mediated by the augmentation of the antioxidant defense system of islets. Our research suggested the necessity of conducting further studies on effects of MWCNTs and CA on the diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ahangarpour
- Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Soheila Alboghobeish
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Jamali N, Mostafavi-Pour Z, Zal F, Kasraeian M, Poordast T, Nejabat N. Antioxidant ameliorative effect of caffeic acid on the ectopic endometrial cells separated from patients with endometriosis. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 60:216-220. [PMID: 33678318 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Considering the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of endometriosis, the ameliorative effect of caffeic acid treatment on ectopic, eutopic endometrial cells enzyme activities was investigated. We also determined the underlying cellular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ectopic endometrial specimens were collected from women with confirmed cases of endometriosis (n = 10) and eutopic specimens from (n = 10) controls. Following endometrial cell isolation and culture, eutopic and ectopic endometrial cells were treated with caffeic acid. Then, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) enzyme activities, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) gene expression were measured. RESULTS In ectopic endometrial cells, caffeic acid caused a significant elevation in Nrf-2 gene expression level, NQO1, and HO-1 enzyme activities. In addition, reduced ROS level was observed in caffeic acid-treated ectopic endometrial cells in comparison with the control. On the contrary, we did not observe any significant changes in caffeic acid-treated eutopic endometrial ones. CONCLUSION Caffeic acid can protect the endometrial cells against oxidative stress and might be able to prevent the progression of endometriosis and its related complications, such as pain and infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Jamali
- Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Zal
- Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kasraeian
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of OB/GYN, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Poordast
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of OB/GYN, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Nejabat
- Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Gao Y, Yan Z. Protective Effects of Ginsenosides (20R)-Rg3 on H 2 O 2 -Induced Myocardial Cell Injury by Activating Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001007. [PMID: 33624427 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenosides (20S)-Rg3 and (20R)-Rg3 are famous rare ginsenosides from red ginseng, and their configurations in C-20 are different. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of ginsenosides (20S)-Rg3 and (20R)-Rg3 on H2 O2 -induced H9C2 cells and compare their activity. The results showed that the ginsenosides (20S)-Rg3 and (20R)-Rg3 could increase the cell activity and the levels of GSH-Px, SOD and CAT, and decrease activities of LDH, MDA and ROS. Further studies showed that ginsenosides (20S)-Rg3 and (20R)-Rg3 could prevent oxidative stress injury of H9C2 cells by H2 O2 through the Keap-1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. But the ML385 counteracts these effects. Interestingly, among these results, ginsenoside (20R)-Rg3 was superior to (20S)-Rg3, indicating that ginsenoside (20R)-Rg3 have a stronger effect of antioxidative stress. This study reflected that ginsenoside (20R)-Rg3 could be used as a potential Nrf2 activator and a safe effective Chinese herbal monomer in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P. R. China
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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