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Wu M, Yu S, Yan S, Wu M, Zhang L, Chen S, Shi D, Liu S, Fan Y, Lin X, Shen J. Peroxynitrite reduces Treg cell expansion and function by mediating IL-2R nitration and aggravates multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: One sentence summary: Peroxynitrite-mediated Treg IL-2R nitration impacts on multiple sclerosis. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103240. [PMID: 38889621 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
T-helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) are critical regulators in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) but the factors affecting Treg/Th17 balance remains largely unknown. Redox balance is crucial to maintaining immune homeostasis and reducing the severity of MS but the underlying mechanisms are unclear yet. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that peroxynitrite, a representative molecule of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), could inhibit peripheral Treg cells, disrupt Treg/Th17 balance and aggravate MS pathology by inducing nitration of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and down-regulating RAS/JNK-AP-1 signalling pathway. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model and serum samples of MS patients were used in the study. We found that the increases of 3-nitrotyrosine and IL-2R nitration in Treg cells were coincided with disease severity in the active EAE mice. Mechanistically, peroxynitrite-induced IL-2R nitration down-regulated RAS/JNK signalling pathway, subsequently impairing peripheral Treg expansion and function, increasing Teff infiltration into the central nerve system (CNS), aggravating demyelination and neurological deficits in the EAE mice. Those changes were abolished by peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst (PDC) treatment. Furthermore, transplantation of the PDC-treated-autologous Treg cells from donor EAE mice significantly decreased Th17 cells in both axillary lymph nodes and lumbar spinal cord, and ameliorated the neuropathology of the recipient EAE mice. Those results suggest that peroxynitrite could disrupt peripheral Treg/Th17 balance, and aggravate neuroinflammation and neurological deficit in active EAE/MS pathogenesis. The underlying mechanisms are related to induce the nitration of IL-2R and inhibit the RAS/JNK-AP-1 signalling pathway in Treg cells. The study highlights that targeting peroxynitrite-mediated peripheral IL-2R nitration in Treg cells could be a novel therapeutic strategy to restore Treg/Th17 balance and ameliorate MS/EAE pathogenesis. The study provides valuable insights into potential role of peripheral redox balance in maintaining CNS immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Sulan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shenyu Yan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Minghui Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Dongyun Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China; Free Radical Regulation and Application Research Center of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yongping Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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Lima FGDM, Silva MPAD, Sestak SS, Guarnier FA, de Oliveira AP, Kuller JV, Gulbransen BD, Perles JVCM, Zanoni JN. Cancer-induced morphological changes in enteric glial cells in the jejunum of Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152146. [PMID: 38422841 PMCID: PMC11039380 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2024.152146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-induced cachexia is associated with systemic inflammation and gastrointestinal dysfunction. How changes to cells of the enteric nervous system contribute to gut dysfunction in tumor development and cancer cachexia is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that changes to enteric glia, a type of peripheral glia that surround enteric neurons and regulate gut homeostasis, are associated with tumor development and that supplementing with the antioxidant L-glutathione is protective against the changes induced. Immunohistochemistry for neurons, enteric glial cells and immune cells was performed in whole-mount preparations and frozen histological sections of the jejunum from 20 Wistar rats, distributed in 4 groups: control, tumor of Walker-256, control administered with 1 % L-glutathione, and tumor of Walker-256 administered with 1 % L-glutathione. Morphoquantitative analyses were made using Image-Pro® Plus 4.5 and ImageJ® 1.43° software. Tumor development significantly reduced neuronal and glial cell populations in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses and enlarged glial cell body area in the submucosal plexus. In contrast, tumors increased glia in the jejunal mucosa and this effect was accompanied by B-lymphocyte recruitment. GSH-supplemented diet was not sufficient to protect against changes to neurons and glia in the submucosal plexus but was partially protective in the myenteric plexus. L-glutathione had no effect on physiological parameters of cachexia but was sufficient to preserve enteric glial cell density in the myenteric plexus. These results suggest that changes to both enteric neurons and glia likely contribute to the gastrointestinal effects of tumor development and that oxidative stress contributes to these effects in the enteric nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabrina Silva Sestak
- Laboratory of Enteric Neural Plasticity, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - João Victor Kuller
- Laboratory of Enteric Neural Plasticity, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Rarick KR, Li K, Teng RJ, Jing X, Martin DP, Xu H, Jones DW, Hogg N, Hillery CA, Garcia G, Day BW, Naylor S, Pritchard KA. Sterile inflammation induces vasculopathy and chronic lung injury in murine sickle cell disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 215:112-126. [PMID: 38336101 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Murine sickle cell disease (SCD) results in damage to multiple organs, likely mediated first by vasculopathy. While the mechanisms inducing vascular damage remain to be determined, nitric oxide bioavailability and sterile inflammation are both considered to play major roles in vasculopathy. Here, we investigate the effects of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule on endothelial-dependent vasodilation and lung morphometrics, a structural index of damage in sickle (SS) mice. SS mice were treated with either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), hE-HMGB1-BP, an hE dual-domain peptide that binds and removes HMGB1 from the circulation via the liver, 1-[4-(aminocarbonyl)-2-methylphenyl]-5-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-2-propanoic acid (N6022) or N-acetyl-lysyltyrosylcysteine amide (KYC) for three weeks. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with recombinant HMGB1 (r-HMGB1), which increases S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) expression by ∼80%, demonstrating a direct effect of HMGB1 to increase GSNOR. Treatment of SS mice with hE-HMGB1-BP reduced plasma HMGB1 in SS mice to control levels and reduced GSNOR expression in facialis arteries isolated from SS mice by ∼20%. These changes were associated with improved endothelial-dependent vasodilation. Treatment of SS mice with N6022 also improved vasodilation in SS mice suggesting that targeting GSNOR also improves vasodilation. SCD decreased protein nitrosothiols (SNOs) and radial alveolar counts (RAC) and increased GSNOR expression and mean linear intercepts (MLI) in lungs from SS mice. The marked changes in pulmonary morphometrics and GSNOR expression throughout the lung parenchyma in SS mice were improved by treating with either hE-HMGB1-BP or KYC. These data demonstrate that murine SCD induces vasculopathy and chronic lung disease by an HMGB1- and GSNOR-dependent mechanism and suggest that HMGB1 and GSNOR might be effective therapeutic targets for reducing vasculopathy and chronic lung disease in humans with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Rarick
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Childrens' Research Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Keguo Li
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Ru-Jeng Teng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Childrens' Research Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Xigang Jing
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Dustin P Martin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Deron W Jones
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Neil Hogg
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Cheryl A Hillery
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Guilherme Garcia
- Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | | | | | - Kirkwood A Pritchard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; ReNeuroGen LLC, Milwaukee, WI, 53122, USA; Childrens' Research Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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Kim J, Qiao F, Singh AK, Won J, Singh I. Efficacies of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and GSNO reductase inhibitor in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induced acute lung disease in mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1304697. [PMID: 38143504 PMCID: PMC10748393 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1304697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which initially surfaced in late 2019, often triggers severe pulmonary complications, encompassing various disease mechanisms such as intense lung inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and pulmonary embolism. Currently, however, there's no drug addressing all these mechanisms simultaneously. This study explored the multi-targeting potential of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and N6022, an inhibitor of GSNO reductase (GSNOR) on markers of inflammatory, vascular, and thrombotic diseases related to COVID-19-induced acute lung disease. For this, acute lung disease was induced in C57BL/6 mice through intranasal administration of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 domain (SP-S1). The mice exhibited fever, body weight loss, and increased blood levels and lung expression of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α and IL-6) as well as increased vascular inflammation mediated by ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 and lung infiltration by immune cells (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, and activated cytotoxic and helper T cells). Further, the mice exhibited increased lung hyperpermeability (lung Evans blue extravasation) leading to lung edema development as well as elevated blood coagulation factors (e.g., fibrinogen, thrombin, activated platelets, and von Willebrand factor) and lung fibrin deposition. Similar to the patients with COVID-19, male mice showed more severe disease than female mice, along with higher GSNOR expression in the lungs. Optimization of GSNO by treatment with exogenous GSNO or inhibition of GSNOR by N6022 (or GSNO knockout) protects against SP-S1-induced lung diseases in both genders. These findings provide evidence for the potential efficacies of GSNO and GSNOR inhibitors in addressing the multi-mechanistic nature of SARS-CoV-2 SP-associated acute-lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Avtar K. Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Jeseong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
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Qian H, Ye Z, Pi L, Ao J. Roles and current applications of S-nitrosoglutathione in anti-infective biomaterials. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100419. [PMID: 36105674 PMCID: PMC9465324 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections can compromise the physical and biological functionalities of humans and pose a huge economical and psychological burden on infected patients. Nitric oxide (NO) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, whose mechanism of action is not affected by bacterial resistance. S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), an endogenous donor and carrier of NO, has gained increasing attention because of its potent antibacterial activity and efficient biocompatibility. Significant breakthroughs have been made in the application of GSNO in biomaterials. This review is based on the existing evidence that comprehensively summarizes the progress of antimicrobial GSNO applications focusing on their anti-infective performance, underlying antibacterial mechanisms, and application in anti-infective biomaterials. We provide an accurate overview of the roles and applications of GSNO in antibacterial biomaterials and shed new light on the avenues for future studies.
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Key Words
- A.baumannii, Acinetobacter baumannii
- AgNPs, Silver nanoparticles
- Antibacterial property
- BMSCs, Bone marrow stem cells
- Bacterial resistance
- Biomaterials
- C.albicans, Candida albicans
- CS/GE, Chitosan/gelatin
- Cu, copper
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DPA, Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid
- E. coli, Escherichia coli
- E.tenella, Eimeria tenella
- ECC, Extracorporeal circulation
- ECM, Experimental cerebral malaria
- GSNO, S-Nitrosoglutathione
- GSNOR, S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase
- H.pylori, Helicobacter pylori
- HCC, Human cervical carcinoma
- HDFs, Human dermal fibroblasts
- HUVEC, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ICR, Imprinted control region
- Infection
- K.Pneumonia, Klebsiella Pneumonia
- L.amazonensis, Leishmania amazonensis
- L.major, Leishmania major
- M.Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- M.smegmatis, Mycobacterium smegmatis
- MOF, Metal–organic framework
- MRPA, Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- MRSA, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- N. gonorrhoeae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- N.meningitidis, Neisseria meningitidis
- NA, Not available
- NO-np, NO-releasing nanoparticulate platform
- NP, Nanoparticle
- P.aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- P.berghei, Plasmodium berghei
- P.mirabilis, Proteus mirabilis
- PCL, Polycaprolactone
- PCVAD, Porcine circovirus-associated disease
- PDA-GSNO NPs, Polydopamine nanoparticles containing GSNO
- PDAM@Cu, polydopamine based copper coatings
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PHB, polyhydroxybutyrate
- PLA, polylactic acid
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PTT, Photothermal therapy
- PVA, poly(vinyl alcohol)
- PVA/PEG, poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene glycol)
- PVC, poly(vinyl chloride)
- S-nitrosoglutathione
- S. typhimurium, Salmonella typhimurium
- S.aureus, Staphylococcus aureus
- S.epidermidis, Staphylococcus epidermidis
- S.pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae
- SAKI, Septic acute kidney injury
- SCI, Spinal cord slices
- Se, Selenium
- Sp3, Specificity proteins 3
- TDC, Tunneled dialysis catheters
- TMOS, Tetramethylorthosilicate
- ZnO, Zinc oxide
- cftr, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulatory gene
- d, day
- h, hour
- min, minute
- pSiNPs, porous silicon nanoparticles
- w, week
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhimin Ye
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lanping Pi
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jun Ao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Jiao L, Su LY, Liu Q, Luo R, Qiao X, Xie T, Yang LX, Chen C, Yao YG. GSNOR deficiency attenuates MPTP-induced neurotoxicity and autophagy by facilitating CDK5 S-nitrosation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 189:111-121. [PMID: 35918012 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a key denitrosating enzyme that regulates protein S-nitrosation, a process which has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the physiological function of GSNOR in PD remains unknown. In a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model, we found that GSNOR expression was significantly increased and accompanied by autophagy mediated by MPTP-induced cyclin dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), behavioral dyskinesias and dopaminergic neuron loss. Whereas, knockout of GSNOR, or treatment with the GSNOR inhibitor N6022, alleviated MPTP-induced PD-like pathology and neurotoxicity. Mechanistically, deficiency of GSNOR inhibited MPTP-induced CDK5 kinase activity and CDK5-mediated autophagy by increasing S-nitrosation of CDK5 at Cys83. Our study indicated that GSNOR is a key regulator of CDK5 S-nitrosation and is actively involved in CDK5-mediated autophagy induced by MPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Ling-Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Qianjin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Rongcan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ting Xie
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lu-Xiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650204, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Le Menn G, Jabłońska A, Chen Z. The effects of post-translational modifications on Th17/Treg cell differentiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119223. [PMID: 35120998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells are subsets of CD4+ T cells which play an essential role in immune homeostasis and infection. Dysregulation of the Th17/Treg cell balance was shown to be implicated in the development and progression of several disorders such as autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, and cancer. Multiple factors, including T cell receptor (TCR) signals, cytokines, metabolic and epigenetic regulators can influence the differentiation of Th17 and Treg cells and affect their balance. Accumulating evidence indicates that the activity of key molecules such as forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), the retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)s are modulated by the number of post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, methylation, nitrosylation, acetylation, glycosylation, lipidation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation. PTMs might affect the protein folding efficiency and protein conformational stability, and consequently determine protein structure, localization, and function. Here, we review the recent progress in our understanding of how PTMs modify the key molecules involved in the Th17/Treg cell differentiation, regulate the Th17/Treg balance, and initiate autoimmune diseases caused by dysregulation of the Th17/Treg balance. A better understanding of Th17/Treg regulation may help to develop novel potential therapeutics to treat immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenaëlle Le Menn
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Agnieszka Jabłońska
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, University of Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Zhi Chen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, University of Gdańsk, Poland.
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8
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Chatterji A, Banerjee D, Billiar TR, Sengupta R. Understanding the role of S-nitrosylation/nitrosative stress in inflammation and the role of cellular denitrosylases in inflammation modulation: Implications in health and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:604-621. [PMID: 34245859 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a very fundamental post-translational modification of protein and non-protein thiols due the involvement of it in a variety of cellular processes including activation/inhibition of several ion channels such as ryanodine receptor in the cardiovascular system; blood vessel dilation; cGMP signaling and neurotransmission. S-nitrosothiol homeostasis in the cell is tightly regulated and perturbations in homeostasis result in an altered redox state leading to a plethora of disease conditions. However, the exact role of S-nitrosylated proteins and nitrosative stress metabolites in inflammation and in inflammation modulation is not well-reviewed. The cell utilizes its intricate defense mechanisms i.e. cellular denitrosylases such as Thioredoxin (Trx) and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) systems to combat nitric oxide (NO) pathology which has also gained current attraction as novel anti-inflammatory molecules. This review attempts to provide state-of-the-art knowledge from past and present research on the mechanistic role of nitrosative stress intermediates (RNS, OONO-, PSNO) in pulmonary and autoimmune diseases and how cellular denitrosylases particularly GSNOR and Trx via imparting opposing effects can modulate and reduce inflammation in several health and disease conditions. This review would also bring into notice the existing gaps in current research where denitrosylases can be utilized for ameliorating inflammation that would leave avenues for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajanta Chatterji
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India
| | - Debasmita Banerjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Kalyani, Block C, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 5213, USA
| | - Rajib Sengupta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700135, India.
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Singh I, Kim J, Saxena N, Choi S, Islam SMT, Singh AK, Khan M, Won J. Vascular and immunopathological role of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Immunology 2021; 164:602-616. [PMID: 34310708 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor/uncoupler inducing vascular pathology. Vascular pathology is an important factor for the development and progression of CNS pathology of MS, yet the role of ADMA in MS remains elusive. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are reported to have elevated blood levels of ADMA, and mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE, an animal model of MS) generated by auto-immunization of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption by pertussis toxin also had increased blood ADMA levels in parallel with induction of clinical disease. To explore the role of ADMA in EAE pathogenesis, EAE mice were treated with a daily dose of ADMA. It is of special interest that ADMA treatment enhanced the BBB disruption in EAE mice and exacerbated the clinical and CNS disease of EAE. ADMA treatment also induced the BBB disruption and EAE disease in MOG-immunized mice even without pertussis toxin treatment, suggesting the role of ADMA in BBB dysfunction in EAE. T-cell polarization studies also documented that ADMA treatment promotes TH 1- and TH 17-mediated immune responses but without affecting Treg-mediated immune response in EAE mice as well as in in vitro T-cell culture. Taken together, these data, for the first time, document the vascular and immunopathogenic roles of ADMA in EAE, thus pointing to the potential of ADMA-mediated mechanism as a new target of potential therapy for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Judong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Nishant Saxena
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Seungho Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - S M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jeseong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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10
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Kim J, Islam SMT, Qiao F, Singh AK, Khan M, Won J, Singh I. Regulation of B cell functions by S-nitrosoglutathione in the EAE model. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102053. [PMID: 34175668 PMCID: PMC8246645 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells play both protective and pathogenic roles in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases by releasing regulatory vs. pathogenic cytokines. B cell-depleting therapy has been attempted in various autoimmune diseases but its efficacy varies and can even worsen symptoms due to depletion of B cells releasing regulatory cytokines along with B cells releasing pathogenic cytokines. Here, we report that S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and GSNO-reductase (GSNOR) inhibitor N6022 drive upregulation of regulatory cytokine (IL-10) and downregulation of pathogenic effector cytokine (IL-6) in B cells and protected against the neuroinflammatory disease of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In human and mouse B cells, the GSNO/N6022-mediated regulation of IL-10 vs. IL-6 was not limited to regulatory B cells but also to a broad range of B cell subsets and antibody-secreting cells. Adoptive transfer of B cells from N6022 treated EAE mice or EAE mice deficient in the GSNOR gene also regulated T cell balance (Treg > Th17) and reduced clinical disease in the recipient EAE mice. The data presented here provide evidence of the role of GSNO in shifting B cell immune balance (IL-10 > IL-6) and the preclinical relevance of N6022, a first-in-class drug targeting GSNOR with proven human safety, as therapeutics for autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis. GSNO and GSNOR inhibitor (N6022) upregulates IL-10 and downregulates IL-6 in B cells. GSNO/N6022-mediated cytokine regulation occurs in a broad range of B cell subsets. GSNO/N6022 treatment ameliorates autoimmune disease of EAE. B cell transfer from N6022-treated or GSNOR null EAE mice to EAE mice shifts T cell balance (Treg > Th17) and alleviates EAE. The data provide the first insight into the therapeutic potential of GSNO/N6022 targeting B cells in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - S M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jeseong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
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11
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Hu Q, Shi J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Guo Y, Zhang Z. Progress and Prospects of Regulatory Functions Mediated by Nitric Oxide on Immunity and Immunotherapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jingyu Shi
- Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430077 China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430077 China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, National Engineering Research Centre for Nanomedicine, Hubei Engineering Research Centre for Novel Drug Delivery System Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
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12
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Khan M, Qiao F, Islam SMT, Dhammu TS, Kumar P, Won J, Singh AK, Singh I. GSNOR and ALDH2 alleviate traumatic spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2021; 1758:147335. [PMID: 33545099 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) enhances the activity of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and inhibits the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) activity, resulting in prolonged and sustained pain and functional deficits. This study's objective was to test the hypotheses that GSNOR's specific inhibitor N6022 mitigates pain and improves functional recovery in a mouse model of SCI. Furthermore, the degree of recovery is enhanced and the rate of recovery is accelerated by an ALDH2 activator Alda-1. Using both wild-type and GSNOR-/- mice, the SCI model deployed for groups was contusion at the T9-T10 vertebral level. The enzymatic activity of GSNOR and ALDH2 was measured, and the expression of GSNOR and ALDH2 was determined by western blot analysis. Functional improvements in experimental animals were assessed with locomotor, sensorimotor, and pain-like behavior tests. Wild-type SCI animals had enhanced GSNOR activity and decreased ALDH2 activity, leading to neurovascular dysfunction, edema, and worsened functional outcomes, including locomotor deficits and pain. Compared to wild-type SCI mice, GSNOR-/- mice had better functional outcomes. Monotherapy with either GSNOR inhibition by N6022 or enhanced ALDH2 activity by Alda-1 correlated well with functional recovery and lessened pain. However, combination therapy provided synergistic pain-relieving effects and more significant functional recovery compared with monotherapy. Conclusively, dysregulations in GSNOR and ALDH2 are among the causative mechanisms of SCI injury. Either inhibiting GSNOR or activating ALDH2 ameliorates SCI. Combining the specific inhibitor of GSNOR (N6022) with the selective activator of ALDH2 (Alda-1) provides greater protection to the neurovascular unit and confers greater functional recovery. The study is novel, and the combination therapy (N6022 + Alda-1) possesses translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - S M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Tajinder S Dhammu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Jeseong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
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13
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Agúndez JAG, García-Martín E, Rodríguez C, Benito-León J, Millán-Pascual J, Díaz-Sánchez M, Calleja P, Turpín-Fenoll L, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Albea E, Plaza-Nieto JF, Jiménez-Jiménez FJ. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) rs2070744 polymorphism and risk for multiple sclerosis. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:1167-1175. [PMID: 32449012 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The possible role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been suggested by several neuropathological, biochemical, and experimental data. Because the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2070744 in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS or NOS3) gene (chromosome 7q36.1) showed association with the risk for MS in Iranians, we attempted to replicate the possible association between this SNP and the risk for MS in the Caucasian Spanish population. The frequencies of NOS3rs2070744 genotypes and allelic variants in 300 patients diagnosed with MS and 380 healthy controls were assessed with a TaqMan-based qPCR assay. The possible influence of the genotype frequency on age at onset of MS, the severity of MS, clinical evolutive subtypes of MS, and HLA-DRB1*1501 genotype were also analyzed. The frequencies of rs2070744 genotypes and allelic variants were not associated with the risk of developing MS and were not influenced by gender, age at onset and severity of MS, the clinical subtype of MS or the HLA-DRB1*1501 genotype. This study found a lack of association between NOS3 rs2070744 SNP and the risk for MS in Caucasian Spanish people.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A G Agúndez
- UNEx, ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- UNEx, ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Christopher Rodríguez
- UNEx, ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Julián Benito-León
- CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Millán-Pascual
- Section of Neurology, Hospital La Mancha-Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - María Díaz-Sánchez
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Calleja
- Service of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Turpín-Fenoll
- Section of Neurology, Hospital La Mancha-Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Hortensia Alonso-Navarro
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, C/ Marroquina 14, 3º B, Arganda del Rey, 28030, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban García-Albea
- Department of Medicine-Neurology, Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Francisco Plaza-Nieto
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, C/ Marroquina 14, 3º B, Arganda del Rey, 28030, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
- Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, C/ Marroquina 14, 3º B, Arganda del Rey, 28030, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Medicine-Neurology, Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias", Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Khan M, Kumar P, Qiao F, Islam SMT, Singh AK, Won JS, Feng W, Singh I. Targeting GSNOR for functional recovery in a middle-aged mouse model of stroke. Brain Res 2020; 1741:146879. [PMID: 32418890 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The nitric oxide (NO) metabolome and the NO metabolite-based neurovascular protective pathways are dysregulated after stroke. The major NO metabolite S-nitrosoglutahione (GSNO) is essential for S-nitrosylation-based signaling events and the inhibition of S-nitrosoglutahione (GSNO)-metabolizing enzyme GSNO reductase (GSNOR) provides protective effects following cardiac ischemia. However, the role of GSNOR and GSNOR inhibition-mediated increased GSNO/S-nitrosylation is not understood in neurovascular diseases such as stroke. Because age is the major risk factor of stroke and recovery in aged stroke patients is low and slow, we investigated the efficacy of GSNOR inhibition using a GSNOR selective inhibitor N6022 in a clinically relevant middle-aged cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (IR) mouse model of stroke. N6022 (5 mg/kg; iv) treatment of IR mice at 2 h after reperfusion followed by the treatment of the same dose daily for 3 days reduced the infarct volume and decreased the neurological score. Daily treatment of IR animals with N6022 for 2 weeks significantly improved neurological score, brain infarctions/atrophy, survival rate, motor (measured by cylinder test) and cognitive (evaluated by novel object recognition test) functions which paralleled the decreased activity of GSNOR, reduced levels of peroxynitrite and decreased neurological score. These results are the first evidence of a new pathway for the treatment of stroke via the inhibition of GSNOR. Based on the efficacy of N6022 in the stroke animal model and its use in human therapeutic studies without toxicity, we submit that GSNOR is a druggable target, and N6022 is a promising drug candidate for human stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - S M Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Je-Seong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Wayne Feng
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
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15
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Khan M, Dhammu TS, Qiao F, Kumar P, Singh AK, Singh I. S-Nitrosoglutathione Mimics the Beneficial Activity of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase-Derived Nitric Oxide in a Mouse Model of Stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:104470. [PMID: 31680031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nitric oxide (NO)-producing activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a significant role in maintaining endothelial function and protecting against the stroke injury. However, the activity of the eNOS enzyme and the metabolism of major NO metabolite S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) are dysregulated after stroke, causing endothelial dysfunction. We investigated whether an administration of exogenous of GSNO or enhancing the level of endogenous GSNO protects against neurovascular injury in wild-type (WT) and eNOS-null (endothelial dysfunction) mouse models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR). METHODS Transient cerebral ischemic injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 60 minutes in male adult WT and eNOS null mice. GSNO (0.1 mg/kg body weight, intravenously) or N6022 (GSNO reductase inhibitor, 5.0 mg/kg body weight, intravenously) was administered 30 minutes before MCAO in preinjury and at the reperfusion in postinjury studies. Brain infarctions, edema, and neurobehavioral functions were evaluated at 24 hours after the reperfusion. RESULTS eNOS-null mice had a higher degree (P< .05) of injury than WT. Pre- or postinjury treatment with either GSNO or N6022 significantly reduced infarct volume, improved neurological and sensorimotor function in both WT and eNOS-null mice. CONCLUSION Reduced brain infarctions and edema, and improved neurobehavioral functions by pre- or postinjury GSNO treatment of eNOS knock out mice indicate that GSNO can attenuate IR injury, likely by mimicking the eNOS-derived NO-dependent anti-ischemic and anti-inflammatory functions. Neurovascular protection by GSNO/N6022 in both pre- and postischemic injury groups support GSNO as a promising drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushfiquddin Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
| | - Tajinder S Dhammu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Fei Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Pavan Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
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16
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Gong B, Shi Q. Identifying S-nitrosylated proteins and unraveling S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-modulated sodic alkaline stress tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:84-93. [PMID: 31277045 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation, regulated by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), is considered as an important route for nitric oxide (NO)-modulated stress tolerance in plants. However, genetic evidence for the GSNOR-mediated integrated regulation of S-nitrosylation and plant stress response remains elusive until now. In the present study, we used a site-specific nitrosoproteomic approach to identify 334 endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins with 425 S-nitrosylated sites from the wild type (WT) and GSNOR-knockdown (G) tomato plants under both control (C) and sodic alkaline stress (S) conditions. In detail, the results revealed 68, 92, 54 and 56 up-regulated, as well as 10, 36, 14 and 10 down-regulated S-nitrosylated proteins in G-C/WT-C, G-S/WT-S, WT-S/WT-C, and G-S/G-C, which is the first dataset for S-nitrosylated proteins in Solanaceae. These S-nitrosylated proteins are involved in a wide range of various metabolic, cellular and catalytic processes. Based on this data, proteins involving in NO homeostasis control, signaling of Ca2+, ethylene and MAPK, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, osmotic regulation, as well as energy support pathway have been identified and selected as the key and sensitive targets that were regulated by GSNOR-modulated S-nitrosylation in response to sodic alkaline stress. Taken together, GSNOR is actively involved in the regulation of sodic alkaline stress tolerance by S-nitrosylation. And the present study provided valuable resources and new clues for the study of S-nitrosylation-regulated metabolism in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
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17
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Singh I, Nath N, Saxena N, Singh AK, Won JS. Regulation of IL-10 and IL-17 mediated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by S-nitrosoglutathione. Immunobiology 2018; 223:549-554. [PMID: 29960806 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated IL-10 and IL-17 specific immunomodulatory potential of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a physiological nitric oxide carrier molecule, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In active EAE model, GSNO treatment attenuated EAE severity and splenic CD4+ T cells isolated from these mice exhibited decreased IL-17 expression without affecting the IFN-γ expression compared to the cells from untreated EAE mice. Similarly, adoptive transfer of these cells to nave mice resulted in reduction in IL-17 expression in the spinal cords of recipient mice with milder EAE severity. CD4+ T cells isolated from GSNO treated EAE mice, as compared to untreated EAE mice, still expressed lower levels of IL-17 under TH17 skewing conditions, but expressed similar levels of IFN-γ under TH1 skewing condition. Interestingly, under both TH17 and TH1 skewing condition, CD4+ T cells isolated from GSNO treated EAE mice, as compared to untreated EAE mice, expressed higher levels of IL-10 and adoptive transfer of these TH17 and TH1 skewed cells seemingly exhibited milder EAE disease. In addition, adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells from GSNO treated EAE mice to active EAE mice also ameliorated EAE disease with induction of spinal cord expression of IL-10 and reduction in of IL-17, thus suggesting the participation of IL-10 mechanism in GSNO mediated immunomodulation. GSNO treatment of mice passively immunized with CD4+ T cells either from GSNO treated EAE mice or untreated mice further ameliorated EAE disease, supporting efficacy of GSNO for prophylaxis and therapy in EAE. Overall, these data document a modulatory role of GSNO in IL-17/IL-10 axis of EAE and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderjit Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Narender Nath
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nishant Saxena
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Avtar K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Je-Seong Won
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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