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Chen X, Qiu L, Si X, Zhang X, Guo B, Liao Z, Yan X, Qi P. Exploring the Role of a Novel Interleukin-17 Homolog from Invertebrate Marine Mussel Mytilus coruscus in Innate Immune Response: Is Negative Regulation by Mc-Novel_miR_145 the Key? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065928. [PMID: 36983002 PMCID: PMC10055819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) represents a class of proinflammatory cytokines involved in chronic inflammatory and degenerative disorders. Prior to this study, it was predicted that an IL-17 homolog could be targeted by Mc-novel_miR_145 to participate in the immune response of Mytilus coruscus. This study employed a variety of molecular and cell biology research methods to explore the association between Mc-novel_miR_145 and IL-17 homolog and their immunomodulatory effects. The bioinformatics prediction confirmed the affiliation of the IL-17 homolog with the mussel IL-17 family, followed by quantitative real-time PCR assays (qPCR) to demonstrate that McIL-17-3 was highly expressed in immune-associated tissues and responded to bacterial challenges. Results from luciferase reporter assays confirmed the potential of McIL-17-3 to activate downstream NF-κb and its targeting by Mc-novel_miR_145 in HEK293 cells. The study also produced McIL-17-3 antiserum and found that Mc-novel_miR_145 negatively regulates McIL-17-3 via western blotting and qPCR assays. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis indicated that Mc-novel_miR_145 negatively regulated McIL-17-3 to alleviate LPS-induced apoptosis. Collectively, the current results showed that McIL-17-3 played an important role in molluscan immune defense against bacterial attack. Furthermore, McIL-17-3 was negatively regulated by Mc-novel_miR_145 to participate in LPS-induced apoptosis. Our findings provide new insights into noncoding RNA regulation in invertebrate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Longmei Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xirui Si
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Baoying Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Zhi Liao
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Pengzhi Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
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Fu X, Guo M, Liu J, Li C. circRNA432 enhances the coelomocyte phagocytosis via regulating the miR-2008-ELMO1 axis in Vibrio splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus. Commun Biol 2023; 6:115. [PMID: 36709365 PMCID: PMC9884281 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of extensive and diverse covalently closed circular endogenous RNA, which exert crucial functions in immune regulation in mammals. However, the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in invertebrates are largely unclarified. In our previous work, 261 differentially expressed circRNAs including circRNA432 (circ432) were identified from skin ulcer syndrome (SUS) diseased sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by RNA-seq. To better address the functional role of sea cucumber circRNAs, circ432 was first found to be significantly induced by Vibrio splendidus challenge and LPS exposure in this study. Knock-down circ432 could depress the V. splendidus-induced coelomocytes phagocytosis. Moreover, circ432 is validated to serve as the sponge of miR-2008, a differential expressed miRNA in SUS-diseased sea cucumbers, by Argonaute 2-RNA immunoprecipitation (AGO2-RIP) assay, luciferase reporter assay and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in vitro. Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (AjELMO1) is further demonstrated to be the target of miR-2008, and silencing AjELMO1 inhibits the V. splendidus-induced coelomocytes phagocytosis, and this phenomenon could be further suppressed by supplementing with miR-2008 mimics, suggesting that circ432 might regulate coelomocytes phagocytosis via miR-2008-AjELMO1 axis. We further confirm that the depressed coelomocytes' phagocytosis by circ432 silencing is consistent with the decreased abundance of AjELMO1, and could be recovered by miR-2008 inhibitors transfection. All our results provide the evidence that circ432 is involved in regulating pathogen-induced coelomocyte phagocytosis via sponge miR-2008 and promotes the abundance of AjELMO1. These findings will enrich the regulatory mechanism of phagocytosis in echinoderm and provide theoretical data for SUS disease prevention and control in sea cucumbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmu Fu
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Ming Guo
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Jiqing Liu
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Chenghua Li
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China ,grid.484590.40000 0004 5998 3072Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266071 Qingdao, P. R. China
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Zhao T, Ren L, Li C, Liu L, Zou Y, Yan H, Zhan Y, Chang Y. MiR-7 Regulates Pathogen-Induced Immune Response via PAK1 in the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:927796. [PMID: 35911684 PMCID: PMC9329918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.927796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-7 (miR-7) is a highly conserved short non-coding RNA involved in various bioprocesses via the regulation of multiple target genes. To enrich our knowledge of the functions of miR-7 in innate immune regulation in echinoderms, we first investigated the targeting relationship between miR-7 and PAK1 in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and then explored the functions of miR-7, the PAK1 gene, and the miR-7/PAK1 axis in the pathogen-induced immune response of A. japonicus. Our results showed that miR-7 can bind to the 3ʹUTR of PAK1 and negatively regulate the expression of PAK1 in A. japonicus. Overexpression and inhibition of miR-7 and inhibition of the expression of PAK1 can alter phagocytosis, cellular agglutination, and lysozyme contents in A. japonicus. Both miR-7 and the PAK1 gene are involved in immune defense against Vibrio splendidus infection; the miR-7/AjPAK1 axis showed immune regulatory function at 48 to 72 h post-infection (hpi) after V. splendidus infection in A. japonicus. In summary, the results of this study established that miR-7 regulates the pathogen-induced immune response by targeting PAK1 in A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjun Zhao
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Liyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengda Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Hanyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaoyao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoyao Zhan, ; Yaqing Chang,
| | - Yaqing Chang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoyao Zhan, ; Yaqing Chang,
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A unique NLRC4 receptor from echinoderms mediates Vibrio phagocytosis via rearrangement of the cytoskeleton and polymerization of F-actin. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010145. [PMID: 34898657 PMCID: PMC8699970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many members of the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NACHT)- and leucine-rich-repeat-containing protein (NLR) family play crucial roles in pathogen recognition and innate immune response regulation. In our previous work, a unique and Vibrio splendidus-inducible NLRC4 receptor comprising Ig and NACHT domains was identified from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, and this receptor lacked the CARD and LRR domains that are typical of common cytoplasmic NLRs. To better understand the functional role of AjNLRC4, we confirmed that AjNLRC4 was a bona fide membrane PRR with two transmembrane structures. AjNLRC4 was able to directly bind microbes and polysaccharides via its extracellular Ig domain and agglutinate a variety of microbes in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Knockdown of AjNLRC4 by RNA interference and blockade of AjNLRC4 by antibodies in coelomocytes both could significantly inhibit the phagocytic activity and elimination of V. splendidus. Conversely, overexpression of AjNLRC4 enhanced the phagocytic activity of V. splendidus, and this effect could be specifically blocked by treatment with the actin-mediated endocytosis inhibitor cytochalasin D but not other endocytosis inhibitors. Moreover, AjNLRC4-mediated phagocytic activity was dependent on the interaction between the intracellular domain of AjNLRC4 and the β-actin protein and further regulated the Arp2/3 complex to mediate the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton and the polymerization of F-actin. V. splendidus was found to be colocalized with lysosomes in coelomocytes, and the bacterial quantities were increased after injection of chloroquine, a lysosome inhibitor. Collectively, these results suggested that AjNLRC4 served as a novel membrane PRR in mediating coelomocyte phagocytosis and further clearing intracellular Vibrio through the AjNLRC4-β-actin-Arp2/3 complex-lysosome pathway. Vibrio splendidus is ubiquitously present in marine environments and in or on many aquaculture species and is considered to be an important opportunistic pathogen that has caused serious economic losses to the aquaculture industry worldwide. Phagocytosis is the first step of pathogen clearance and is triggered by specific interactions between host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from invasive bacteria. However, the mechanism that underlies receptor-mediated V. splendidus phagocytosis is poorly understood. In this study, an atypical AjNLRC4 receptor without LRR and CARD domains was found to serve as the membrane receptor for V. splendidus, not the common cytoplasmic NLRs. The Ig domain of AjNLRC4 is replaced with a conventional LRR domain to bind V. splendidus, and the intracellular domain of AjNLRC4 specifically interacts with β-actin to mediate V. splendidus endocytosis in an actin-dependent manner. Endocytic V. splendidus is ultimately degraded in phagolysosomes. Our findings will contribute to the development of novel strategies for treating V. splendidus infection by modulating the actin-dependent endocytosis pathway.
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Liu J, Zhao X, Duan X, Zhang W, Li C. CircRNA75 and CircRNA72 Function as the Sponge of MicroRNA-200 to Suppress Coelomocyte Apoptosis Via Targeting Tollip in Apostichopus japonicus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:770055. [PMID: 34868028 PMCID: PMC8635487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.770055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as essential regulators in many biological processes, especially in mammalian immune response. Nonetheless, the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in the invertebrate immune system are largely unclarified. In our previous work, 261 differentially expressed circRNAs potentially related to the development of Apostichopus japonicus skin ulceration syndrome (SUS), which is a major problem restricting the sea cucumber breeding industry, were identified by genome-wide screening. In this study, via miRanda analysis, both circRNA75 and circrRNA72 were shown to share the miR-200 binding site, a key microRNA in the SUS. The two circRNAs were verified to be increased significantly in LPS-exposed primary coelomocytes, similar to the results of circRNA-seq in sea cucumber under Vibrio splendidus-challenged conditions. A dual-luciferase assay indicated that both circRNA75 and circRNA72 could bind miR-200 in vivo, in which circRNA75 had four binding sites of miR-200 and only one for circRNA72. Furthermore, we found that miR-200 could bind the 3’-UTR of Toll interacting protein (Tollip) to negatively mediate the expression of Tollip. Silencing Tollip increased primary coelomocyte apoptosis. Consistently, inference of circRNA75 and circRNA72 could also downregulate Tollip expression, thereby increasing the apoptosis of primary coelomocytes, which could be blocked by miR-200 inhibitor treatment. Moreover, the rate of si-circRNA75-downregulated Tollip expression was higher than that of si-circRNA72 under an equivalent amount. CircRNA75 and circRNA72 suppressed coelomocyte apoptosis by sponging miR-200 to promote Tollip expression. The ability of circRNA to adsorb miRNA might be positively related to the number of binding sites for miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuemei Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Yang H, Xu Z, Guo B, Zhang X, Liao Z, Qi P, Yan X. Integrated analysis of miRNAome and transcriptome reveals miRNA-mRNA network regulation in Vibrio alginolyticus infected thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus. Mol Immunol 2021; 132:217-226. [PMID: 33478821 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus has developed into a model species for studying the interaction between molluscs and environmental stimuli. Herein, integrated analysis of miRNAome and transcriptome was performed to reveal miRNA-mRNA network regulation in Vibrio alginolyticus infected M. coruscus. There have detected some histological abnormalities in digestive gland and gills of V. alginolyticus challenged mussels, ascertaining the effective irritation by the present bacterial strain. A total of 265 novel miRNAs were finally predicted, of which 26 were differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Additionally, 667 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, which may be potentially associated with innate immune response to V. alginolyticus infection. A regulatory network linked to 22 important pathways and 16 DEMs and 34 OGs was constructed. Some traditional immune-related signaling pathways such as toll-like receptor signaling pathway (TLR) signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway, peroxisome, phagosome, lysosome, mammalian target of rapamyoin (mTOR) signaling pathway were linked to specific miRNAs and genes in this network. Further, interactional relationship between certain miRNAs and TLR pathway was dissected, which the results predicted that a number of TLRs and TLR-associated signaling genes including TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, IRAK1, TRAF6, MAPK, and IL-17 were negatively regulated by novel_miR_11, novel_miR_145, novel_miR_196, novel_miR_5, novel_miR_163 and novel_miR_217 in the TLR pathway. Additionally, interactional relationship between novel_miR_145 and TLR2 was validated by laboratory experiment. The integrated analysis of mRNA and microRNA deep sequencing data exhibited a sophisticated miRNA-mRNA regulation network in M. coruscus in response to V. alginolyticus challenge, which shed a new light on the underlying mechanism of molluscan confronting bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Zhongtian Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Baoying Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Zhi Liao
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China
| | - Pengzhi Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316004, China.
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Ng HM, Ho JCH, Nong W, Hui JHL, Lai KP, Wong CKC. Genome-wide analysis of MicroRNA-messenger RNA interactome in ex-vivo gill filaments, Anguilla japonica. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:208. [PMID: 32131732 PMCID: PMC7057501 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gills of euryhaline fishes possess great physiological and structural plasticity to adapt to large changes in external osmolality and to participate in ion uptake/excretion, which is essential for the re-establishment of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The osmoregulatory plasticity of gills provides an excellent model to study the role of microRNAs (miRs) in adaptive osmotic responses. The present study is to characterize an ex-vivo gill filament culture and using omics approach, to decipher the interaction between tonicity-responsive miRs and gene targets, in orchestrating the osmotic stress-induced responses. Results Ex-vivo gill filament culture was exposed to Leibovitz’s L-15 medium (300 mOsmol l− 1) or the medium with an adjusted osmolality of 600 mOsmol l− 1 for 4, 8 and 24 h. Hypertonic responsive genes, including osmotic stress transcriptional factor, Na+/Cl−-taurine transporter, Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator, inward rectifying K+ channel, Na+/K+-ATPase, and calcium-transporting ATPase were significantly upregulated, while the hypo-osmotic gene, V-type proton ATPase was downregulated. The data illustrated that the ex-vivo gill filament culture exhibited distinctive responses to hyperosmotic challenge. In the hyperosmotic treatment, four key factors (i.e. drosha RNase III endonuclease, exportin-5, dicer ribonuclease III and argonaute-2) involved in miR biogenesis were dysregulated (P < 0.05). Transcriptome and miR-sequencing of gill filament samples at 4 and 8 h were conducted and two downregulated miRs, miR-29b-3p and miR-200b-3p were identified. An inhibition of miR-29b-3p and miR-200b-3p in primary gill cell culture led to an upregulation of 100 and 93 gene transcripts, respectively. Commonly upregulated gene transcripts from the hyperosmotic experiments and miR-inhibition studies, were overlaid, in which two miR-29b-3p target-genes [Krueppel-like factor 4 (klf4), Homeobox protein Meis2] and one miR-200b-3p target-gene (slc17a5) were identified. Integrated miR-mRNA-omics analysis revealed the specific binding of miR-29b-3p on Klf4 and miR-200b-3p on slc17a5. The target-genes are known to regulate differentiation of gill ionocytes and cellular osmolality. Conclusions In this study, we have characterized the hypo-osmoregulatory responses and unraveled the modulation of miR-biogenesis factors/the dysregulation of miRs, using ex-vivo gill filament culture. MicroRNA-messenger RNA interactome analysis of miR-29b-3p and miR-200b-3p revealed the gene targets are essential for osmotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Man Ng
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Jeff Cheuk Hin Ho
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Wenyan Nong
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Jerome Ho Lam Hui
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Guanxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chris Kong Chu Wong
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, HKSAR, Hong Kong.
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Chen K, Lv Z, Shao Y, Guo M, Li C. Cloning and functional analysis the first NLRC4-like gene from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:103541. [PMID: 31733219 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor family member 4 (NLRC4) plays a crucial role in regulating the innate immune responses and cell apoptosis pathways in vertebrates. However, the function of the NLRC4 counterpart in invertebrates remains elusive. In this study, the first NLRC4-like gene was cloned and characterized from Apostichopus japonicus (designated as AjNLRC4-like) with RACE technology. The full-length cDNA of the AjNLRC4-like gene was 4065 bp, which consisted of a 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of 387 bp, a 3'-UTR of 159 bp, and a complete open reading frame of 3519 bp encoding a polypeptide of 1172 amino acid residues. Structural analysis revealed that AjNLRC4-like protein contained two IG domains (31-132 and 251-353 amino acids), a common NACHT (600-757 amino acids), and no LRR and CARD domains compared with the vertebrate NLRC4. Spatial expression analysis revealed that the AjNLRC4-like was ubiquitously expressed in all the examined tissues with larger magnitude in the intestine. The mRNA expression of the AjNLRC4-like was significantly upregulated by 2.86- and 2.92-fold at 24 h after the Vibrio splendidus challenge in vivo and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in vitro, respectively, compared with that of the control group. The purified recombinant AjNLRC4-NACHT protein displayed higher binding activities to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including LPS, peptidoglycan, and mannan. Further functional analysis indicated that the apoptosis of coelomocytes was significantly inhibited by 11.37% after specific AjNLRC4-like siRNA treatment, and the inflammatory caspase Ajcaspase-1 was synchronously decreased by 0.28-fold in the same condition. Collectively, these results supported that the uncanonical AjNLRC4-like protein may share similar functions to the vertebrate NLRC4 as the pattern recognition receptor and in mediating coelomocyte apoptosis in the pathogen-challenged sea cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Zhimeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Yina Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Ming Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
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Zhan Y, Liu L, Zhao T, Sun J, Cui D, Li Y, Chang Y. MicroRNAs involved in innate immunity regulation in the sea cucumber: A review. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:297-304. [PMID: 31669896 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The sea cucumber is one of the most economically significant echinoderms. The immunity against exogenous stimulation of sea cucumber is of great academic and economic importance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are considered as vital regulators of both innate and adaptive immune responses in most eukaryotes. In sea cucumbers, some miRNAs (such as miR-133, miR-137, and miR-2008, among others) that participate in the regulation of innate immunity have been recently identified and characterized. This review focuses on those known miRNAs and their corresponding target genes that participate in the regulation of the complement system, Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis pathways in sea cucumbers. Moreover, we cover immune-related miRNA investigations in sea cucumbers that provide insights into developing more miRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for sea cucumber diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Tanjun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Jingxian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Dongyao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, PR China.
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10
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Patnaik BB, Chung JM, Hwang HJ, Sang MK, Park JE, Min HR, Cho HC, Dewangan N, Baliarsingh S, Kang SW, Park SY, Jo YH, Park HS, Kim WJ, Han YS, Lee JS, Lee YS. Transcriptome analysis of air-breathing land slug, Incilaria fruhstorferi reveals functional insights into growth, immunity, and reproduction. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:154. [PMID: 30808280 PMCID: PMC6390351 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Incilaria (= Meghimatium) fruhstorferi is an air-breathing land slug found in restricted habitats of Japan, Taiwan and selected provinces of South Korea (Jeju, Chuncheon, Busan, and Deokjeokdo). The species is on a decline due to depletion of forest cover, predation by natural enemies, and collection. To facilitate the conservation of the species, it is important to decide on a number of traits related to growth, immunity and reproduction addressing fitness advantage of the species. Results The visceral mass transcriptome of I. fruhstorferi was enabled using the Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing platform. According to BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs) method, the transcriptome was considered complete with 91.8% of ortholog genes present (Single: 70.7%; Duplicated: 21.1%). A total of 96.79% of the raw read sequences were processed as clean reads. TransDecoder identified 197,271 contigs that contained candidate-coding regions. Of a total of 50,230 unigenes, 34,470 (68.62% of the total unigenes) annotated to homologous proteins in the Protostome database (PANM-DB). The GO term and KEGG pathway analysis indicated genes involved in metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signalling system, aminobenzoate degradation, and T-cell receptor signalling pathway. Many genes associated with molluscan innate immunity were categorized under pathogen recognition receptor, TLR signalling pathway, MyD88 dependent pathway, endogenous ligands, immune effectors, antimicrobial peptides, apoptosis, and adaptation-related. The reproduction-associated unigenes showed homology to protein fem-1, spermatogenesis-associated protein, sperm associated antigen, and testis expressed sequences, among others. In addition, we identified key growth-related genes categorized under somatotrophic axis, muscle growth, chitinases and collagens. A total of 4822 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) were also identified from the unigene sequences of I. fruhstorferi. Conclusions This is the first available genomic information for non-model land slug, I. fruhstorferi focusing on genes related to growth, immunity, and reproduction, with additional focus on microsatellites and repeating elements. The transcriptome provides access to greater number of traits of unknown relevance in the species that could be exploited for in-depth analyses of evolutionary plasticity and making informed choices during conservation planning. This would be appropriate for understanding the dynamics of the species on a priority basis considering the ecological, health, and social benefits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5526-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), F2-B, Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Jong Min Chung
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hee Ju Hwang
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Min Kyu Sang
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Jie Eun Park
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hye Rin Min
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Hang Chul Cho
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Neha Dewangan
- School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), F2-B, Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Snigdha Baliarsingh
- School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), F2-B, Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Se Won Kang
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 181, Ipsin-gil, Jungeup-si, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Biodiversity Conservation and Change Research Division, 137, Donam-2-gil, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37242, South Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hong Seog Park
- Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., LTD, 621-6 Banseok-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34069, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Jong Kim
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jun Sang Lee
- Institute of Basic Science, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea
| | - Yong Seok Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungchungnam-do, 31538, South Korea.
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11
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Sun H, Zhou Z, Dong Y, Yang A, Pan Y, Jiang J, Chen Z, Guan X, Wang B, Gao S, Jiang B. In-depth profiling of miRNA regulation in the body wall of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus during skin ulceration syndrome progression. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:202-208. [PMID: 29763733 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that mediate mRNA degradation or translation repression. Previous study showed that the expression of miRNAs was significantly changed in the body wall of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus after skin ulceration syndrome (SUS) infection, which is a dynamic process. However, the critical miRNAs from body wall that involved in different infection stages of SUS remain unknown. In this study, four cDNA libraries were constructed with the body wall from healthy and three SUS-infected stages of A. japonicus. A total of 248 conserved miRNAs and five novel miRNAs were identified through Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Compared to the control, 238 miRNAs showed significant differential expression at three stages of SUS progression. Totally, 3149 miRNA-mRNA pairs were identified by target prediction and 314 miRNA-mRNA pairs showed negative correlation. It is noteworthy that 15 miRNAs and four mRNAs were located at the crucial positions of the network built with the anti-correlated miRNA-mRNA pairs. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the predicted targets were involved in many immune-related processes. Deep analysis of miR-31c-5p, miR-29b-3p, NF-kB, mucin 2 and titin showed that they may play important roles in the pathogens attachment and recognition, signaling transduction and lesions repair of A. japonicus after SUS infection. These results would be useful for further investigating the potential roles of critical miRNAs and mRNAs in A. japonicus immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Zunchun Zhou
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China.
| | - Ying Dong
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Aifu Yang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Yongjia Pan
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Bai Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Shan Gao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
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Wang Z, Lv Z, Li C, Shao Y, Zhang W, Zhao X. An invertebrate β-integrin mediates coelomocyte phagocytosis via activation of septin2 and 7 but not septin10. Int J Biol Macromol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Mi R, Sun Y, Li J, Ma S, Wen Z, Li X, Meng N, Li Y, Du X, Li S. Immune-related proteins detected through iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis of intestines from Apostichopus japonicus in response to tussah immunoreactive substances. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:436-443. [PMID: 29317309 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Apostichopus japonicus is a species of sea cucumber that is extensively bred as a marine delicacy because of its high nutritive and medicinal value. Immunostimulants are usually used to enhance the immunity of sea cucumber against diseases, but the physiological function of immunostimulants is poorly understood. In this study, we fed A. japonicus individuals with a diet supplemented with different concentrations of tussah immunoreactive substances (TIS), and then subjected their intestines to iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis. A total of 51 differentially expressed proteins were detected in response to TIS, 13 proteins were upregulated, while 38 proteins were reduced. These proteins are involved in phagocytosis, tissue protection, cell apoptosis and energy metabolism. Among these 51 proteins, 7 proteins (GLO2, ACOX, CTTN, MARK, FADD, CSTA and CASP6) related to immunity with functional annotation in sea cucumber were further analyzed. In addition, the upregulated expression of 4 immune-related proteins (GLO2, ACOX, CTTN and MARK) was validated by qRT-PCR. The findings of this study gave further insight into the mechanism by which TIS might enhance the immunity of A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mi
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Jianguang Li
- Shandong Sci-Health Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yantai 265500, PR China
| | - Shuhui Ma
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Nan Meng
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Yajie Li
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Xingfan Du
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Shuying Li
- Dalian Biotechnology Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dalian 116024, PR China
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14
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Zhou X, Chang Y, Zhan Y, Wang X, Lin K. Integrative mRNA-miRNA interaction analysis associate with immune response of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus based on transcriptome database. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 72:69-76. [PMID: 29054825 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a family of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that have been demonstrated to be the key effectors in mediating host-pathogen interactions. Additionally, high-throughput sequencing provides unexampled opportunities to identify the pathogenic mechanism underlying miRNAs. In the present study, the target genes of immune-related miRNAs (miR-31, miR-2008, miR-92a, miR-210 and miR-7) and specific miRNAs (miR-2004) in Echinodermata were predicted in silico and validated. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the target genes of these six miRNAs were conducted to further understand the regulatory function in the host immunity of Apostichopus japonicus (A. japonicus). Among the putative target genes of the six miRNAs, various immune-related targets were annotated, such as Nephl, SEC14Ll, p105, GL2, LYS, FNIAL, mTOR, LITAF, SLC44, TLR3, Apaf-1, and CNTN4. This work will provide valuable genetic resources to understand the interaction of multiple mRNA-miRNAs and the regulation mechanism in the anti-bacterial process in the sea cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yaoyao Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Kai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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15
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Differential gene expression in the intestine of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) under low and high salinity conditions. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 25:34-41. [PMID: 29145027 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus is an important species for aquaculture, and its behavior and physiology can change in response to changing salinity conditions. For this reason, it is important to understand the molecular responses of A. japonicus when exposed to ambient changes in salinity. In this study, RNA-Seq provided a general overview of the gene expression profiles in the intestine of A. japonicus exposed to high salinity (SD40), normal salinity (SD30) and low salinity (SD20) environments. Screening for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the NOISeq method identified 109, 100, and 89 DEGs based on a fold change of ≥2 and divergence probability ≥0.8 according to the comparisons of SD20 vs. SD30, SD20 vs.SD40, and SD30 vs. SD40, respectively. Gene ontology analysis showed that the terms "metabolic process" and "catalytic activity" comprised the most enriched DEGs. These fell into the categories of "biological process" and "molecular function". While "cell" and "cell part" had the most enriched DEGs in the category of "cellular component". With these DEGs mapping to 2119, 159, and 160 pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Of these 51, 2, and 57 pathways were significantly enriched, respectively. The osmosis-specific DEGs identified in this study of A. japonicus will be important targets for further studies to understand the biochemical mechanisms involved with the adaption of sea cucumbers to changes in salinity.
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Tian Y, Jiang Y, Shang Y, Zhang YP, Geng CF, Wang LQ, Chang YQ. Establishment of lysozyme gene RNA interference systemand its involvement in salinity tolerance in sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 65:71-79. [PMID: 28359949 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The lysozyme gene was silenced using RNA interference (RNAi) to analyze the function of lysozyme in sea cucumber under salt stress. The interfering efficiency of four lysozyme RNAi oligos ranged from 0.55 to 0.70. From the four oligos, p-miR-L245 was used for further interfering experiments because it had the best silencing efficiency. Peristomial film injection of p-miR-L245 (10 μg) was used for further interfering experiments. The lowest gene expression, determined by RT-PCR assay, in muscle, coelomic fluid, and parapodium occurred 48 h after p-miR-L245 injection, while that of body wall and tube foot was 96 h and 24 h, respectively. Lysozyme activity in muscle and body wall was significantly lower than the controls. The lowest lysozyme activity in muscle, body wall and parapodium, was found at 48, 72, and 48 h, respectively, which was consistent with the transcription expression of lysozyme. The lowest point of lysozyme activity was at 96 h in coelomic fluid and tube foot, which was laid behind lysozyme expression in transcription level. The expression profile of the lysozyme transcription level and lysozyme activity in the body wall and tube foot increased at 12 h after p-miR-L245 injection before the interference effect appeared. NKA gene expression was expressed at a high level in the positive control (PC) and negative control (NC) groups at 12, 24, and 48 h, while NKA was expressed at low levels in the lysozyme RNAi injection group at 12 and 24 h. The level of NKA gene expression recovered to the level of the PC and NC group at 48, 72, and 96 h after the lysozyme RNAi injection. NKCC1 gene expression was high in the PC and NC groups at 96 h, while the NKCC1 was expressed at a low level 96 h after lysozyme RNAi injection. The results suggest that lysozyme decay involves NKA and NKCC1 gene expression under salinity 18 psμ. The K+ and Cl- concentration after lysozyme RNAi injection was lower than in the PC and NC group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China.
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Yanpeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Chen-Fan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Ya-Qing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, 116023, Dalian, China
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17
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Chen H, Lv M, Lv Z, Li C, Xu W, Zhang W, Zhao X, Duan X, Jin C. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of cathepsin B from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 60:447-457. [PMID: 27847342 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin B (CTSB), a member of lysosomal cysteine protease, is involved in multiple levels of physiological and biological processes, and also plays crucial roles in host immune defense against pathogen infection in vertebrates. However, the function of CTSB within the innate immune system of invertebrates, particularly in marine echinoderms, has been poorly documented. In this study, the immune function of CTSB in Apostichopus japonicus (designated as AjCTSB), a commercially important and disease vulnerable aquaculture specie, was investigated by integrated molecular and protein approaches. A 2153 bp cDNA representing the full-length of AjCTSB was cloned via overlapping ESTs and RACE fragments. AjCTSB contained an open reading frame of 999 bp encoding a secreted protein of 332 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 36.8 kDa. The deduced amino acid of AjCTSB shared a typical activity center containing three conserved amino acid residues (Cys108, His277 and Asn297). Phylogenetic tree analysis also supported that AjCTSB was a new member of CTSB family with clustering firstly with invertebrate CTSBs. Quantitative real time PCR analysis revealed that AjCTSB was ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues with the highest levels in intestine. The Vibrio splendidus challenged sea cucumber and LPS-exposed coelomocytes could both significantly boost the expression of AjCTSB. Moreover, the purified recombinant AjCTSB exhibited dose-dependent CTSB activities at the concentration ranged from 0 to 0.24 μg μL-1. Further functional analysis indicated that coelomocytes apoptosis was significantly inhibited by 0.16-fold in vivo and the apoptosis execution Ajcaspase 3 was extremely reduced in Apostichopus japonicus coelomocytes treated with specific AjCTSB siRNA. Collectively, all these results suggested that AjCTSB was an important immune factor and might be served as apoptosis enhancers in pathogen challenged sea cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Miao Lv
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Zhimeng Lv
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Louisiana State University, Agricultural Center, USA
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuemei Duan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Chunhua Jin
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
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18
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Transcriptome analysis of tube foot and large scale marker discovery in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 20:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Li C, Zhao M, Zhang C, Zhang W, Zhao X, Duan X, Xu W. miR210 modulates respiratory burst in Apostichopus japonicus coelomocytes via targeting Toll-like receptor. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 65:377-381. [PMID: 27545641 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses of species in Echinodermata remains mysterious due to the lack of efforts made in the study of host defense mechanism in these species. More researches start focusing on this ancient immune system with the recognition the economic values of several species in this phylum, especially sea cucumbers. Here, we reported a study in the innate immunity of a sea cucumber species (Apostichopus japonicus) in response to infection of Vibrio splendidus. A novel differential expressed miRNA (miR-210) from the diseased sea cucumber coelomocytes was identified in our study. This miRNA molecule modulates Toll-like receptor gene (AjToll) expression via binding 3'UTR region from 906 nt to 930 nt. Upon the challenge of V. splendidus, coelomocytes in A. japonicas demonstrated a upregulation of AjToll but a downregulation of miR-210. Transfection of miR-210 agomirs in coelomocytes significantly depressed the expression of AjToll in cells. As a result of AjToll expression inhibition by miR-210, the AjToll downstream molecules involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also altered in vivo. This ROS pathway alternation was consistent with that caused by knockdown of AjToll through small inference RNA (siRNA). Taken together, the results of this study demonstrated a novel immune regulatory pathway via miRN-210 in A. japonica, which provides basic knowledge in exploring innate immunity of Echinodermata, and also can be reference in disease control in sea cucumber culture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China; Louisiana State University, Agricultural Center, United States.
| | - Mengru Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Xuemei Duan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Louisiana State University, Agricultural Center, United States.
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Wang Z, Shao Y, Li C, Lv Z, Wang H, Zhang W, Zhao X. A β-integrin from sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus exhibits LPS binding activity and negatively regulates coelomocyte apoptosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:103-110. [PMID: 26994670 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are a family of membrane glycoproteins, which are the major receptors for extracellular matrix and cell-cell adhesion molecules. In this study, a 1038 bp sequence representing the full-length cDNA of a novel β-integrin subunit (designated as AjITGB) was cloned from Apostichopus japonicas by using combined transcriptome sequencing and RACE approaches. The deduced amino acid sequence of AjITGB shared a conserved tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) binding domain with an S-diglyceridecysteine or N-Palm cysteine residue (C(31)), a transmembrane domain, and a β-integrin cytoplasmic domain. Spatial distribution analysis showed that AjITGB was constitutively expressed in all tested tissues with dominant expression in the muscles and weak expression in the respiratory tree. The pathogen Vibrio splendidus challenge and LPS stimulation could both significantly down-regulate the mRNA expression of AjITGB. Functional investigation revealed that recombinant AjITGB displayed higher LPS binding activity but lower binding activity to PGN and MAN. More importantly, knockdown of AjITGB by specific siRNA resulted in the significant promotion of coelomocyte apoptosis in vitro. Results indicated that AjITGB may serve as an apoptosis inhibitor with LPS binding activity during host-pathogen interaction in sea cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Yina Shao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China.
| | - Zhimeng Lv
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Haihong Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
| | - Xuelin Zhao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, PR China
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Xueping S, Zhimeng L, Chenghua L, Meng L, Pengjuan Z, Weiwei Z. Identification and characterization of miR-31 potential targets by RNA-seq. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 51:26-32. [PMID: 26892793 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In our previous work, miR-31 displayed differential significant expression in Apostichopus japonicus sea cucumber with skin ulcer syndrome and modulated coelomocytes ROS production by targeting p105. To identify other promising targets ofmiR-31, 4 transcriptome libraries of coelomocytes, as well as 2 control libraries, were constructed frommiR-31 mimics (31 M) or AMO-miR-31 (31I) and injected into a sea cucumber at 12 and 24 h. A total of207,977 unigenes with an average length of 363 bp were assembled, in which17,204 distinct sequences (8.27% of the unigenes) were successfully matched with annotated protein sequences. Fragments per kilobase of transcript per million fragments mapped analysis indicated that 1325 unigenes displayed up-regulated expression profiles in the 31I-12 group and were depressed in the 31M - 12 group compared with the control group. A total of 1470 unigenes showed down-regulated expressions in 31I-12 and were induced in 31 M-12. Similarly, 2079 and 2098 unigenes were detected at 24 h post-injection. Among these unigenes, 36 unigenes (depressed expression in the 31 M group and induced in the 31I group) showed consistent expression patterns at 2 examined time points and were considered promising targets of miR-31. qPCR analysis confirmed that all 4 unigenes showed opposite expression profiles to miR-31 in cultured coelomocytes. Our present work provided a fast and feasible method of identifying miR-31 targets by transcriptome analysis. The results of this study would enhance our present understanding ofmiR-31 function insea cucumber immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Xueping
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Lv Zhimeng
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | - Li Chenghua
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China.
| | - Lu Meng
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China
| | | | - Zhang Weiwei
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, PR China.
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Sun H, Zhou Z, Dong Y, Yang A, Jiang J, Chen Z, Guan X, Wang B, Gao S, Jiang B. Expression analysis of microRNAs related to the skin ulceration syndrome of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 49:205-212. [PMID: 26723265 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in many biological processes. To investigate the miRNAs related to skin ulceration syndrome (SUS) of Apostichopus japonicus, small RNA libraries of body wall, intestine, respiratory tree and coelomocytes from healthy and diseased A. japonicus were sequenced on Illumina Hiseq 2000 platform. A total of 247 conserved and 10 novel miRNAs were identified across all libraries. After pair-wise comparisons, 215 miRNAs in body wall, 36 in intestine, 2 in respiratory tree and 38 in coelomocytes showed significant expression differences. Further analyses were conducted on some tissue-specific differentially expressed miRNAs: miR-8 and miR-486-5p in body wall, miR-200-3p, let-7-5p and miR-125 in intestine, miR-278a-3p and bantam in respiratory, miR-10a and miR-184 in coelomocytes. Notably, these miRNAs in some species were reported to function in various physiological or pathological processes associated with immune regulations. Using stem-loop quantitative real time PCR, six representative miRNAs in four tissues were selected to validate the sequencing results. The Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) of the six miRNAs ranged from 0.777 to 0.948, which confirmed the consistency and accuracy between these two approaches. This study provides comprehensive expression and regulation patterns of functional miRNAs in different tissues and gives insights into the tissue-specific immune response mechanisms in SUS-infected A. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Zunchun Zhou
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China.
| | - Ying Dong
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Aifu Yang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Bai Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Shan Gao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, PR China
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