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Wang X, Zhou WT, Dong HH, Li CY, Jiang YY, Xie P, Xu ZY, Xie SH, Yang SX, Huang L, Chen H, Wang LY, Wei X, Huang YQ. Isobavachalcone: A redox antifungal agent impairs the mitochondria protein of Cryptococcus neoformans. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107253. [PMID: 38925229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Isobavachalcone (IBC) is a natural small molecule with various biological activities; however, its inhibitory effects on Cryptococcus neoformans remain unclear. In our study, IBC showed a good antifungal effect. Through in vitro experiments, its minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.5-1 µg/mL. It exhibited the same antifungal effect as Amphotericin B in brain and lung infections in in vivo experiments. IBC also showed a synergistic antifungal effect with emodin with lower toxicity, and C. neoformans did not develop drug resistance to IBC. In the mechanistic study, significantly damaged mitochondria of C. neoformans, a significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate production, and an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) caused by IBC were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Through drug affinity-responsive target stability combined with phenotype detection, riboflavin synthases of aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase were screened. Molecular docking, quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments, target inhibitor and agonist intervention, molecular interaction measurements, and minimum inhibitory concentration detection of the constructed expression strains revealed that IBC targeted the activity of these two enzymes, interfered by the tricarboxylic acid cycle, inhibited the production of adenosine triphosphate, blocked electron transport, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced antioxidation imbalance and reactive oxygen species accumulation, thus producing an antifungal effect. Therefore, IBC is a promising lead drug and redox antifungal agent for C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhou
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Hui-Hua Dong
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Chen-Yan Li
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yu-Ying Jiang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhen-Yi Xu
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Shuo-Hua Xie
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Shi-Xian Yang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
| | - Xian Wei
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
| | - Yan-Qiang Huang
- Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Prevention and Control Pathogenic Microbes with Drug Resistance, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Resistant Microbial Infecting, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
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Huang Z, Ye Y, Kong L, Xu A, Liu L, Li Z. Regulatory effects of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides on lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-fat diet in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132584. [PMID: 38795881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the regulatory effects of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides (AMP) on lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus). Compared with the normal diets (10 % lipids), diets containing 15 % lipid levels were used as the high-fat diet (HFD). Three levels of the AMP (0.06 %, 0.08 %, 0.10 %) were added in the HFD and used as experimental diets. A total of 375 spotted sea bass (average weight 3.00 ± 0.01 g) were divided into 15 tanks and deemed as 5 groups, with each tank containing 25 fish. Fish in each group were fed with different diets for 56 days. After feeding, the HFD induced lipid metabolism disorders in fish, as evidenced by elevated serum lipids, malonaldehyde levels, and more severe liver damage. The AMP alleviated the HFD-induced liver damage, as evidenced by the reduced severity of liver histological lesions and malonaldehyde levels. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced, and the expression of FAS and PPAR-α were down and up-regulated, respectively. However, the AMP had a limited ability to affect the serum lipids and abdominal fat percentage. These results reveal the potential of the AMP used in aquaculture to regulate lipid metabolism disorders induced by the HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfan Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China.
| | - Youling Ye
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Lumin Kong
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Anle Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Longhui Liu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongbao Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China.
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Shang GJ, Liu SY, Zhu R, Li DL, Meng ST, Wang YT, Wu LF. Chlorogenic acid improves common carp (Cyprinus carpio) liver and intestinal health through Keap-1/Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways: Growth performance, immune response and antioxidant capacity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109378. [PMID: 38272333 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
In this experiment, we investigated the effects of adding chlorogenic acid (CGA) to the diet on growth performance, immune function, inflammation response, antioxidant capacity and its related mechanisms of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 600 fish were selected and randomly divided into five treatment groups and fed with CGA containing 0 mg/kg (CK), 100 mg/kg (L100), 200 mg/kg (L200), 400 mg/kg (L400) and 800 mg/kg (L800) for 56 days. The results of the experiment were as follows: addition of CGA significantly increased the WGR, SGR, FER, and PER of common carp (P < 0.05). The addition of 400-800 mg/kg of CGA significantly increased the serum levels of LZM, AKP activity, C3 and C4 concentration, and increased immune function of common carp (P < 0.05). Regarding antioxidant enzyme activities, adding CGA significantly increased SOD, CAT, and GsH-Px activities, while decreasing MDA content (P < 0.05). Compared with the CK group, the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β were decreased. The IL-10 and TGF-β were increased in the liver and intestines of the CGA supplemented group. Meanwhile, the addition of CGA also significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, CAT, and GPX (P < 0.05). CGA also positively contributed to the development of the carp intestinal tract, as demonstrated by decreased serum levels of DAO, D-LA, and ET-1. And the mucosal fold height was increased significantly with increasing levels of CGA. In conclusion, the addition of CGA in the feed can enhance the growth performance, immune function and antioxidant capacity of common carp, and improve the health of the intestine and liver. According to the results of this experiment, the optimal addition amount in common carp diets was 400 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jun Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Si-Ying Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Deng-Lai Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Si-Tong Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yin-Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Li-Fang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Yao K, Feng L, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Zhang L, Mi HF, Zhou XQ, Wu P. The role of vitamin E in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in sub-adult grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:275-287. [PMID: 38371478 PMCID: PMC10869583 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that improves the fish flesh quality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of VE on growth performance and flesh quality in sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 450 fish (713.53 ± 1.50 g) were randomly divided into six treatment groups (three replicates per treatment) and fed for nine weeks with different experimental diets (dietary lipid 47.8 g/kg) that contained different levels of VE (5.44, 52.07, 96.85, 141.71, 185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet, supplemented as dl-α-tocopherol acetate). Notably, the treatment groups that were fed with dietary VE ranging from 52.07 to 230.12 mg/kg diet showed improvement in the percent weight gain, special growth rate, and feed efficiency of grass carp. Moreover, the treatment groups supplemented with dietary VE level of 141.71, 185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet showed enhancement in crude protein, lipid, and α-tocopherol contents in the muscle, and the dietary levels of VE ranging from 52.07 to 141.71 mg/kg diet improved muscle pH24h and shear force but reduced muscle cooking loss in grass carp. Furthermore, appropriate levels of VE (52.07 to 96.85 mg/kg diet) increased the muscle polyunsaturated fatty acid content in grass carp. Dietary VE also increased the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis-related genes, including fas, scd-1, fad, elovl, srebp1, pparγ, and lxrα, and up-regulated the expression of SREBP-1 protein. However, dietary VE decreased the expression of fatty acid decomposition-related genes, including hsl, cpt1, acox1, and pparα, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes, including perk, ire1, atf6, eif2α, atf4, xbp1, chop, and grp78, and down-regulated the expression of p-PERK, p-IRE1, ATF6, and GRP78 proteins. In conclusion, dietary VE increased muscle fatty acid synthesis, which may be partly associated with the alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ultimately improves fish flesh quality. Moreover, the VE requirements for sub-adult grass carp (713.53 to 1590.40 g) were estimated to be 124.9 and 122.73 mg/kg diet based on percentage weight gain and muscle shear force, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
- Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hai-Feng Mi
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
- Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Lee JW, Jo AH, Lee DC, Choi CY, Kang JC, Kim JH. Review of cadmium toxicity effects on fish: Oxidative stress and immune responses. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116600. [PMID: 37429393 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) in aquatic environments can cause environmental toxicity to fish and induce oxidative stress owing to an excessive production of reactive oxygen species in fish bodies. Fish have developed various antioxidant systems to protect themselves from reactive oxygen species; thus, a change in antioxidant responses in fish can be a criterion for evaluating oxidative stress resulting from Cd exposure. Because Cd exposure may be recognized as an exogenous substance by a fish body, it may lead to the stimulation or suppression of its immune system. Various immune responses can be assessed to evaluate Cd toxicity in fish. This review aimed to identify the impacts of Cd exposure on oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in fish as well as identify accurate indicators of Cd toxicity in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Wook Lee
- West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - A-Hyun Jo
- Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Deok-Chan Lee
- Shellfish Research Team, South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyoung 53085, South Korea.
| | - Cheol Young Choi
- Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, South Korea.
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea.
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea.
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Fan J, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Liu Y, Cao Y, Dou X, Fu X, Deng J, Tan B. Dietary Malondialdehyde Damage to the Growth Performance and Digestive Function of Hybrid Grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatu♂). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3145. [PMID: 37835751 PMCID: PMC10571902 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the dominant component of lipid peroxidation products. Improper storage and transportation can elevate the lipid deterioration MDA content of diets to values that are unsafe for aquatic animals and even hazardous to human health. The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary MDA on growth performance and digestive function of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatu♂). Six isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 0.03, 1.11, 2.21, 4.43, 8.86 and 17.72 mg/kg MDA, respectively. The study shows that the increased dietary MDA content linearly reduced the growth rate, feed utilization, body index and body lipid content of hybrid grouper, while the low dose of dietary MDA (≤2.21 mg/kg) created no difference. Similarly, dietary MDA inclusion linearly depressed the activities of intestinal digestive and absorptive enzymes as well as antioxidant enzymes, enhanced the serum diamine oxidase activity, endotoxin level and intestinal MDA content. A high dose of MDA (≥4.43 mg/kg) generally impaired the gastric and intestinal mucosa, up-regulated the relative expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 but down-regulated the relative expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in hindgut. In conclusion, the effect of MDA on hybrid grouper showed a dose-dependent effect in this study. A low dose of dietary MDA had limited effects on growth performance and intestinal health of hybrid grouper, while a high concentration damaged the gastrointestinal structure, depressed the intestinal digestive and antioxidant functions, and thereby impaired the growth and health of hybrid grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Junming Deng
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (J.F.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.C.); (X.D.); (X.F.); (B.T.)
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Xun W, Ji M, Ma Z, Deng T, Yang W, Hou G, Shi L, Cao T. Dietary emodin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by regulating gut microbiota in piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:152-162. [PMID: 37455790 PMCID: PMC10344667 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This study was to determine the effects of dietary emodin (ED) on the intestinal mucosal barrier, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways, and gut microbial flora in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced piglets. Twenty-four weaned piglets were chosen and 4 treatments were created by randomly distributing piglets into CON, ED, LPS, and ED_LPS groups. Experiments were done in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and maintained for 21 d. Dietary treatment (a basal diet or 300 mg/kg ED) and immunological challenge (LPS or sterile saline) were 2 major factors. Intraperitoneal injections of LPS or sterilized saline were given to piglets on d 21. Six hours after the LPS challenge, all piglets were euthanized for sample collection and analysis. The results showed that piglets of the ED_LPS group had higher (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio (VCR), and lower (P < 0.05) plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) than the LPS group. Furthermore, ED inhibited (P < 0.05) the decrease of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities and increase of malonaldehyde level (P < 0.05) in jejunal mucosa induced by LPS. The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX-1, SOD2 and CAT), as well as protein and mRNA levels of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1), were also significantly increased (P < 0.05) by ED addition in LPS-induced piglets. Meanwhile, ED supplementation significantly decreased the LPS-induced protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκBα in jejunal mucosa. Emodin had a significant effect on the composition of gut microbial flora at various taxonomic positions as indicated by 16S RNA sequencing. The acetic acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid concentrations in the cecum were also increased by ED addition in pigs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed that some intestinal microbiota had a potential relationship with jejunal VCR, plasma D-lactate and DAO, jejunal mucosa GSH-Px and CAT activity, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentration. These data suggest that ED is effective in alleviating LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by modulating gut microbiota in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Xun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mengyao Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Tanjie Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Liguang Shi
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
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Xue M, Xu P, Wen H, Chen J, Wang Q, He J, He C, Kong C, Song C, Li H. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Signaling-Mediated 13-S-Hydroxyoctadecenoic Acid Is Involved in Lipid Metabolic Disorder and Oxidative Stress in the Liver of Freshwater Drum, Aplodinotus grunniens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1615. [PMID: 37627610 PMCID: PMC10451990 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The appropriate level of dietary lipids is essential for the nutrient requirements, rapid growth, and health maintenance of aquatic animals, while excessive dietary lipid intake will lead to lipid deposition and affect fish health. However, the symptoms of excessive lipid deposition in the liver of freshwater drums (Aplodinotus grunniens) remain unclear. In this study, a 4-month rearing experiment feeding with high-fat diets and a 6-week starvation stress experiment were conducted to evaluate the physiological alteration and underlying mechanism associated with lipid deposition in the liver of A. grunniens. From the results, high-fat-diet-induced lipid deposition was associated with increased condition factor (CF), viscerosomatic index (VSI), and hepatosomatic index (HSI). Meanwhile, lipid deposition led to physiological and metabolic disorders, inhibited antioxidant capacity, and exacerbated the burden of lipid metabolism. Lipid deposition promoted fatty acid synthesis but suppressed catabolism. Specifically, the transcriptome and metabolome showed significant enrichment of lipid metabolism and antioxidant pathways. In addition, the interaction analysis suggested that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-mediated 13-S-hydroxyoctadecenoic acid (13 (s)-HODE) could serve as the key target in regulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress during lipid deposition in A. grunniens. Inversely, with a lipid intake restriction experiment, PPARs were confirmed to regulate lipid expenditure and physiological homeostasis in A. grunniens. These results uncover the molecular basis of and provide specific molecular targets for fatty liver control and prevention, which are of great importance for the sustainable development of A. grunniens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xue
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Haibo Wen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jianxiang Chen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Qingyong Wang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
| | - Jiyan He
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
| | - Changchang He
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
| | - Changxin Kong
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
| | - Changyou Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.X.); (P.X.); (H.W.); (J.C.); (Q.W.); (J.H.); (C.H.); (C.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
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Huang Z, Ye Y, Long Z, Qin H, Liu L, Xu A, Li Z. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides improve lipid metabolism disorders of spotted sea bass Lateolabrax maculatus induced by high lipid diet. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:125122. [PMID: 37263324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This experiment explored the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on lipid metabolism of spotted sea bass Lateolabrax maculatus. Blank and experimental control diets with 100 and 150 g/kg lipid were designed, respectively, and three dosages of LBP (0.75, 1.00, 1.25 g/kg) were supplemented in the experimental control diet. A total 375 of spotted sea bass (19.33 ± 0.15) g were divided into 5 groups, and were given experimental diets for 56 days, respectively. Results showed fish were induced to lipid metabolism disorders with dietary 150 g/kg lipid intake, which manifested in reduced feeding, oxidative stress, elevated serum lipid, and more severe hepatic damage. Dietary LBP improved the lipid metabolism disorders of fish, as indicated by significant enhancements in weight gain, digestion, superoxide dismutase activity, and decreases in malonaldehyde content, and activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Accordingly, an improvement in the hepatic morphological and expression of lipid metabolism related genes, including FAS, PPAR-α, CPT1 and ATGL, was observed. Nevertheless, no significant variation in serum triglyceride and total cholesterol was observed. Overall, dietary LBP can improve the growth, digestion, antioxidant capacity, and liver health of spotted sea bass, thereby improving the lipid metabolism disorders induced by 150 g/kg dietary lipid intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfan Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Youling Ye
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongying Long
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Huihui Qin
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Longhui Liu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Anle Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongbao Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China.
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Protective Effects of Emodin on Oxidized Fish Oil-Induced Metabolic Disorder and Oxidative Stress through Notch-Nrf2 Crosstalk in the Liver of Teleost Megalobrama amblycephala. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061179. [PMID: 35740076 PMCID: PMC9219933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary oxidized lipids are key perpetrator to accumulate excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induce oxidative stress for animals. Immoderate oxidative stress dysregulates cell fate, perturbs cellular homeostasis, thereby interrupts metabolism and normal growth. Therefore, a 12-week feeding trial with fish oil (FO, control group), oxidized fish oil (OF), and emodin-supplemented (OF+E) diets was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic mechanism of emodin on metabolic and oxidative resistance in Megalobrama amblycephala liver. Morphologically, emodin remits oxidized fish oil-induced cellular constituents damage, evidenced by lipid droplets enlargement and accumulation, mitochondria rupture, and nucleus aggregation, which were functionally related to oxidative stress, metabolism, and cell fate determination. Consecutively, glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism were retained under emodin stimulation. Specifically, fatty acid metabolic genes optimized fatty acid utilization and metabolism, featured as total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) alternation. Physiologically, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis, as well as antioxidant capacity were alleviated by emodin. Interactively, fatty acid metabolism was correlated with antioxidant capacity; while the crosstalk and dynamic equilibrium between apoptosis and autophagy determine the cell fate under oxidative stress amelioration. Synergistically, Nrf2 and Notch signaling were active to antioxidant defense. In particular, oxidative stress blocked the crosstalk between Notch and Nrf2 signaling, while emodin rescued Notch-Nrf2 interaction to ameliorate oxidative stress. In conclusion, these results suggest that elevated ROS levels by oxidative stress activates Notch and Nrf2 signaling but intercepts Notch-Nrf2 crosstalk to stimulate cell fate and antioxidant program; dietary emodin alleviates oxidative stress and returns overall ROS levels to a moderate state to maintain homeostatic balance. The crosstalk between Notch and Nrf2 signaling might be the potential therapeutic target for emodin to ameliorate oxidative stress and metabolic disorder in M. amblycephala liver.
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Vitamin C Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis Induced by Acute Hypoxia through the Nrf2/Keap1 Signaling Pathway in Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050935. [PMID: 35624798 PMCID: PMC9137936 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have found that vitamin C (VC) has protective effects in fish. However, the efficacy of VC on hypoxia-induced liver injury in fish remains unknown. Therefore, to investigate the protective mechanism of VC on liver injury after acute hypoxic stimulation in fish, gibel carp were fed a diet containing VC for eight weeks, then were subjected to acute hypoxia stimulation. The specific growth rate of fish was increased by the supplementation of VC. Plasma stress markers (glucose, lactic acid, and cortisol) were decreased by the VC supplementation. Moreover, the levels of the inflammatory cytokines (tnf-α, il-2, il-6, and il-12) were increased by enhancing the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. Upregulation of the antioxidant enzymes activity (CAT, SOD, and GPx); T-AOC; and anti-inflammatory factors (il-4 and tgf-β) highlighted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of VC. The results showed that VC reduced the apoptotic index of the fish hypothalamus. The expression of GRP78 protein in the liver and endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis induced by hypoxia were inhibited by VC. Taken together, the results indicate that VC can attenuate oxidative damage, inflammation, and acute hypoxia induced apoptosis in gibel carp via the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. The results identify a new defense strategy of gibel carp in response to hypoxic conditions.
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Zhong Y, Ding Y, Xiao D, Hu D, Li Y. New 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Emodin Esters Synthetized by a One-Step Innovative Route, Its Structural Characterization, and in Vivo Toxicity Assessed on Zebrafish Models. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100928. [PMID: 35243763 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To integrate the active advantages of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA) and emodin, improve bioavailability, increase efficiency, and reduce toxicity, a one-step innovative synthetic route was set up for the first time: 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) was used as catalyst, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carboimide hydrochloride (EDCI) as condensation agent, dry dichloromethane (DCM) as solvent at 25 °C for 12 h, the three target products were obtained and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the chemical structures of them were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique and high resolution electron ionization mass spectrometry (HREI-MS), namely, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-emodin ester (1, yield 78.83 %, known), di-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid-1-emodin ester (2, yield 6.49 %, new), and di-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid-8-emodin ester (3, yield 1.81 %, new). To estimate their effects of the products on toxicity in zebrafish embryos and juvenile fishes, the two precursors and three target products were assayed involving in hatching rate, survival rate, morphology, heart rate, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. The results showed that the target products enhanced the hatching and survival rate of zebrafish embryos, decreased the malformation rate and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. It should be suggested that the one-step synthesis route with high yield makes the industrial application of the target products possible due to significantly reduced toxicity. The two new by-products provide potential candidates for the applications of pharmaceutical industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Yuling Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Donghua Hu
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
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Emodin Attenuates the ECM Degradation and Oxidative Stress of Chondrocytes through the Nrf2/NQO1/HO-1 Pathway to Ameliorate Rat Osteoarthritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5581346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) substantially reduces the quality of life of the elderly. OA therapy remains a challenge since no treatment options for its causes are so far available. Over recent years, researchers have speculated that emodin may represent a potential treatment strategy for OA. However, it remains unclear whether the mechanism of action of emodin is associated with the inhibition of OA-induced oxidative stress. In the present study, the potential antioxidant mechanism of action of emodin and its protective properties against the development of OA were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, emodin inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chondrocytes induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3 and MMP13 in a concentration-dependent manner. It was found that emodin upregulated the Nrf2/NQO1/HO-1 pathway, thereby attenuating the effects of oxidative stress caused by OA. In a rat model of posttraumatic OA induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), emodin reduced the extent of joint swelling. Emodin attenuated oxidative damage in the cartilage by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) activity, reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and inhibiting the expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation biomarkers cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) and type II collagen (CTX-II), thereby reducing cartilage damage. In summary, the present study indicates that emodin reduces ECM degradation and oxidative stress in chondrocytes via the Nrf2/NQO1/HO-1 pathway, thereby ameliorating OA in rats.
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The Protective Effect of Taurine on Oxidized Fish-Oil-Induced Liver Oxidative Stress and Intestinal Barrier-Function Impairment in Juvenile Ictalurus punctatus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111690. [PMID: 34829560 PMCID: PMC8615020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary lipids provide energy for growth and development and provide fatty acids necessary for normal structure and biological function. However, oxidized lipids cause oxidative stress and intestinal damage. An 8-week feeding trial with fresh fish oil (FFO, control group), oxidized fish oil (OFO), and taurine-supplemented diets (OFOT, OFO + 0.2% of taurine) was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of taurine on oxidized fish-oil-induced liver oxidative stress and intestine impairment in juvenile Ictaluruspunctatus. The results showed that (1) Growth performance was significantly lower in fish fed OFO than in those fed other diets, whereas the opposite occurred in the hepatosomatic index. (2) OFO-feeding significantly increased lipid deposition compared with the FFO group. The addition of taurine ameliorated the OFO-induced increase in lipid vacuolization in the liver, significantly upregulated lpl mRNA expression, and downregulated fas and srebp1 mRNA expression. (3) OFO-feeding significantly reduced oxidative damage of liver. Compared with the OFO group, the OFOT group remarkably upregulated antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression through the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway based on the transcriptional expression. (4) OFO diets induced intestinal physical and immune barrier damage. Compared with the OFO group, OFOT diets remarkably downregulated il-1β, il-6, tnf-α, and il-8 mRNA expression and upregulated tgf-β mRNA expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Besides, the addition of taurine to OFO diets significantly upregulated zo-2 and zo-1 mRNA expression, and downregulated claudin-15 and claudin-12 mRNA expression. In conclusion, oxidized-fish-oil diets can cause negative physiological health effects in Ictaluruspunctatus, while adding taurine can increase growth and antioxidant ability, reduce lipid deposition, and improve intestinal health.
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Jiang F, Lin Y, Miao L, Hao J. Addition of Bamboo Charcoal to Selenium (Se)-Rich Feed Improves Growth and Antioxidant Capacity of Blunt Snout Bream ( Megalobrama amblycephala). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092585. [PMID: 34573550 PMCID: PMC8465871 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In our previous studies, we determined that juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) require a selenium (Se) dietary intake of 0.958–0.959 mg/kg based on the quadratic fitting method. Nevertheless, growth rates were significantly affected, and the expression of anti-inflammatory factors was inhibited when the feed contained excessively high Se concentrations. Given its activity as an insoluble carrier, bamboo charcoal can be used as a dietary supplement in fish feed to absorb and slowly release excess nutrients. However, these hypotheses have not been evaluated in diets containing excess Se. The present study determined that 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal inclusion in Se-rich feed could improve the growth performance of blunt snout bream. Dietary bamboo charcoal supplementation mobilized the antioxidant system and inhibited the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-Keap1 signaling while suppressing NF-κB signaling. Abstract The ability of bamboo charcoal to reduce the negative effects of high dietary selenium (Se) concentrations was assessed by feeding juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) one of five Se-rich diets (1.5 mg/kg Se; 36% protein, 8.7% lipid) containing graded levels (0–4 g/kg) of bamboo charcoal powder for eight weeks. There were four tanks (350 L) of fish (initial weight 16.0 ± 0.5 g) for each treatment, and the fish were fed to satiation four times each day. At the end of the feeding trial, all of the fish from each tank were weighed to calculate the growth performance. Blood samples were firstly obtained to collect plasma for the biochemical indexes determination. Liver tissues were then collected to determine the antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression. Dorsal muscles were also collected to determine the nutrient composition. The results show that when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed ranged between 0 and 3 g/kg, the weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) values increased with the higher dietary bamboo charcoal content, and the maximum WGR and SGR values were achieved when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg (p < 0.05). The Se content in muscle tissues decreased significantly with the increased bamboo charcoal content (p < 0.05) in the Se-rich feed, which ranged from 0 to 4 g/kg. When the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 2–3 g/kg, the levels of glucose (GLU) and albumin (ALB) in plasma reached a maximum (p < 0.05), whereas the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reached a minimum (p < 0.05). Additionally, the activities of catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) when the bamboo charcoal content was 3 g/kg. In contrast, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased sharply when the bamboo charcoal content in the Se-rich feed was 1 g/kg, compared to the control group and the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal (p < 0.05). Regarding mRNA-level gene expression, the results show that dietary supplementation with 0 to 3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal increased the expression of keap1 and nrf2, whereas nfkb expression was inhibited (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzymes cat, gpx, and mn-sod was consistently enhanced in the group fed with the 3 g/kg bamboo charcoal diet (p < 0.05). The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tnfα and tgfβ was inhibited in the groups supplemented with 2–3 g/kg bamboo charcoal, whereas the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (il10) increased in the bamboo charcoal supplementation groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Generally, supplementation with 2–3 g/kg of bamboo charcoal in Se-rich feed improved the growth performance, physiological status, and antioxidant enzyme activities of blunt snout bream. Moreover, bamboo charcoal supplementation in Se-rich diets stimulated the antioxidant system and inhibited the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-Keap1 and suppressing NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi 214081, China; (F.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi 214081, China; (F.J.); (Y.L.)
| | - Linghong Miao
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi 214081, China; (F.J.); (Y.L.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jingyuan Hao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
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Qiu X, Gong L, Xin X, An F. Enhancement of Emodin Production by Medium Optimization and KH 2PO 4 Supplementation in Submerged Fermentation of Marine-Derived Aspergillus favipes HN4-13. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080421. [PMID: 34436260 PMCID: PMC8398268 DOI: 10.3390/md19080421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emodin is a widely distributed anthraquinone derivative with a variety of biological activities, one that can be efficiently produced by marine-derived fungus Aspergillus favipes HN4-13. However, its relatively low fermentation yield limits further development and pharmaceutical research work. In this study, Plaekett-Burman design and central composite design were adopted to optimize the fermentation conditions of A. favipes HN4-13. Optimal fermentation conditions in a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask with 50 mL of medium were 59.3 g/L soluble starch, 10 g/L yeast extract paste, 30 g/L seawater salt, 1.04 g/L KH2PO4, 0.05 g/L MgSO4·7H2O, 0.01 g/L FeSO4·7H2O, seed culture 24 h, pH 5, inoculum size 18%, culture temperature 32 °C, and shaking at 160 rpm/min for 7 days. The production of emodin could achieve 132.40 ± 3.09 mg/L, with no significant difference from the predicted value (132.47 mg/L). Furthermore, KH2PO4 supplementation strategy was employed to regulate the mycelial morphology, upregulate the transcriptional level of biosynthesis gene cluster, and enhance emodin production (185.56 ± 4.39 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Faliang An
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-6425-1185
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17
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Wang L, Luo X, Pan Y, Zheng Z, Yin R, Tian X, Zhang L. Mechanism of Laccase Induction via Emodin in Trametes versicolor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:653800. [PMID: 34095096 PMCID: PMC8171328 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.653800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites of traditional Chinese herbs can prominently stimulate the production of laccase from white rot fungi during submerged fermentation. However, the molecular mechanism through which these natural products induce the production of laccase remains unknown. In this study, the Chinese herbal medicine Polygonum cuspidatum was used to induce laccase production in Trametes versicolor, and the best inducer was identified in emodin, even under conditions of 1000-L, large-scale fermentation. Proteomics analysis identified a selection of proteins that were differentially expressed in the presence of emodin, indicating that emodin may affect the expression of laccase genes through three mechanisms: reducing bioenergy productivity, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/xenobiotic response element (XRE) pathway, and the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Combined with protoplast flow cytometry and fluorescence, it is revealed that emodin might reduce the synthesis of ATP by lowering the mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the subsequent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Hefei Tingxiandu Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Xuecai Luo
- Hefei Tingxiandu Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei, China
| | - Yu Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Zai Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruochun Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaohe Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Yang G, Qiu H, Yu R, Xiong L, Yan Q, Wen C, Peng M. Dietary supplementation of β-glucan, inulin and emodin modulates antioxidant response and suppresses intestinal inflammation of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Transcriptome profiling reveal Acanthopanax senticosus improves growth performance, immunity and antioxidant capacity by regulating lipid metabolism in GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 37:100784. [PMID: 33360820 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acanthopanax senticosus (APS) is a natural and officinal herb with an impressive range of health benefits for animal. An 8-week feeding trail with different APS levels (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8‰) was conducted to evaluate the promotive effects of APS in GIFT. Results indicate that APS improved the growth performance, improved specific growth ratio (SGR) and feed efficiency ratio (FER), the optimum APS supplementation was estimated to 1.97‰ based on the regression analysis of SGR. Meanwhile, 2‰ and 4‰ APS improved the immune and antioxidant capacity in some extent evidenced by the plasma and hepatic biomarkers. With the analysis of transcriptome sequencing, 293 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 106 up-regulated and 187 down-regulated. According to the GO and KEGG enrichments, DEGs were mainly involved in lipid metabolism regulation, followed by amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, immunity, and antioxidant response. Transcriptional expression of PPARs signaling and key genes retrieved from transcriptome database confirmed that lipid metabolism was the main active biological process in response to dietary APS administration. These results indicate optimum APS (2‰) could be used as a feed additive that improve the growth performance by regulating lipid metabolism. This may provide insights for Chinese herb additive application in aquaculture production.
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Song C, Liu B, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Sun C, Zhou Q, Jiang Z, Liu B, Zhang H. Anthraquinone extract from Rheum officinale Bail improves growth performance and Toll-Relish signaling-regulated immunity and hyperthermia tolerance in freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:526. [PMID: 33214974 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the facilitation of anthraquinone extract on growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense), and whether it could ameliorate the hyperthermia stress. A 12-week rearing experiment was conducted with 0, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg kg-1 anthraquinone extract from Rheum officinale Bail-supplemented diets (AE0, AE125, AE250, AE500, and AE1000), and followed a 48-h thermal stress with 32℃ incubation. Results indicate AE250 and AE500 significantly improved the growth performance and feed utilization, the optimum level was estimated to be 251.22 mg kg-1 based on the regression analysis of special growth ratio (SGR). Meanwhile, AE250 and AE500 improved antioxidant enzyme activity and immune-related protein concentration of iNOS-NO signaling. Under thermal stress, AE250 and AE500 improved the heat tolerance, and Toll-Relish signaling was active to the resistance. These results indicate anthraquinone extract could be used as an effective immunostimulant to improve growth performance, physiological balance and protect organism form environmental hyperthermia stress. This may provide insights for immunostimulant development in aquaculture production.
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Friedman M, Tam CC, Cheng LW, Land KM. Anti-trichomonad activities of different compounds from foods, marine products, and medicinal plants: a review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:271. [PMID: 32907567 PMCID: PMC7479404 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human trichomoniasis, caused by the pathogenic parasitic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease that contributes to reproductive morbidity in affected women and possibly to prostate cancer in men. Tritrichomonas foetus strains cause the disease trichomoniasis in farm animals (cattle, bulls, pigs) and diarrhea in domestic animals (cats and dogs). Because some T. vaginalis strains have become resistant to the widely used drug metronidazole, there is a need to develop alternative treatments, based on safe natural products that have the potential to replace and/or enhance the activity of lower doses of metronidazole. To help meet this need, this overview collates and interprets worldwide reported studies on the efficacy of structurally different classes of food, marine, and medicinal plant extracts and some of their bioactive pure compounds against T. vaginalis and T. foetus in vitro and in infected mice and women. Active food extracts include potato peels and their glycoalkaloids α-chaconine and α-solanine, caffeic and chlorogenic acids, and quercetin; the tomato glycoalkaloid α-tomatine; theaflavin-rich black tea extracts and bioactive theaflavins; plant essential oils and their compounds (+)-α-bisabolol and eugenol; the grape skin compound resveratrol; the kidney bean lectin, marine extracts from algae, seaweeds, and fungi and compounds that are derived from fungi; medicinal extracts and about 30 isolated pure compounds. Also covered are the inactivation of drug-resistant T. vaginalis and T. foetus strains by sensitized light; anti-trichomonad effects in mice and women; beneficial effects of probiotics in women; and mechanisms that govern cell death. The summarized findings will hopefully stimulate additional research, including molecular-mechanism-guided inactivations and human clinical studies, that will help ameliorate adverse effects of pathogenic protozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA, 94710, USA.
| | - Christina C Tam
- United States Department of Agriculture, Foodborne Toxins Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California, 94710, USA
| | - Luisa W Cheng
- United States Department of Agriculture, Foodborne Toxins Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California, 94710, USA
| | - Kirkwood M Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
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22
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Liang W, Chen J, Chen W. [Aerobic exercise combined with huwentoxin-I upregulates phase-Ⅱ detoxification enzymes to alleviate obstructive jaundice-induced central nervous system injury in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1192-1199. [PMID: 32895170 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.08.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of aerobic exercise combined with huwentoxin-I (HWTX-I)-mediated Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway on phase II detoxification enzymes HO-1 and NQO1 and their protective effects against obstructive jaundice (OJ)-induced central nervous system injury in mice. METHODS 50 male KM mice were randomly divided into blank group (GO), model group (M), aerobic exercise group (T), HWTX-I group (H), and aerobic exercise combined with HWTX-I group (TH). Mouse models of OJ were established with surgical suture for 72 h in the mice in all the groups except for the blank control group. The mice received interventions by aerobic exercise and tail vein injection of HWTX-I (0.05 μg/g) and were assessed by behavioral observation, Clark's neurological function scores, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), brain tissue Nissl staining, hippocampal tissue Western blotting, and liver tissue mRNA expression profiling and sequencing. RESULTS The mice in group M had obvious jaundice symptoms after the operation with significantly increased Clark's neurological score (P < 0.01). Compared with those in group M, the mice in group T, group H, and group TH showed significantly decreased serum levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, and TBA (P < 0.01) with increased contents of 5-HT and BDNF and decreased contents of S100B and NSE in the hippocampus (P < 0.01). Synergistic effects between aerobic exercise and HWTX-I were noted on the above parameters except for the liver function indicators. Interventions with aerobic exercise and HWTX-I, alone or in combination, obviously lessened pathologies in the brain tissue induced by OJ, and the combined treatment produced the strongest effect. The treatment also increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 mRNA and protein in brain tissues (P < 0.01 or 0.05) with a synergistic effect between aerobic exercise and HWTX-I. Illumina high-throughput sequencing showed that the differentially expressed factors participated mainly in such neural regulatory pathways as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, GABAergic synapses, dopaminergic synapses, synaptic vesicle circulation, and axon guidance, involving tissue cell neuronal signal transduction, apoptosis inhibition, immune response, and toxicity. Aerobic exercise and HWTX-I synergistically increased the accumulation of the signal pathways related with neuron damage repair and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise combined with HWTX-I can up-regulate the expression of phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes HO-1 and NQO1 through the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway to protect the central nervous system against OJ-induced damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Shantou Polytechnic, Shantou 515071, China
| | - Jiaqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hunan Sports Vocational College, Changsha 410019, China
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Bhattacharjee M, Upadhyay P, Sarker S, Basu A, Das S, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Adhikary A. Combinatorial therapy of Thymoquinone and Emodin synergistically enhances apoptosis, attenuates cell migration and reduces stemness efficiently in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129695. [PMID: 32735937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer intimidates the contemporary medical advances, attempting to revolutionize cancer therapeutics. While patients suffering an advanced breast cancer are dependent on mono drugs, yet the build out of resistance leading to treatment fails has become inevitable. METHODS Cell viability Assay with MTT revealed the "IC50" concentrations of the drugs in both cancer as well as PBMC. Cell cycle arrest, flow cytometric ROS analysis & apoptosis evaluation pointed out the efficacy of the dual drug. Wound Healing, Transwell Migration & Immunocytochemistry indicated anti-migratory potential of TQ-Emo while expression patterns of Cl-Cas3, p53, Bax, Bcl2 & the stemness markers further vouched the potential of the combinatorial drug. Furthermore, validation of tumor inhibitory effect was earned by an ex-ovo xenograft model. RESULTS Dual dosage enhanced apoptosis through ROS generation, anti- migratory effect by targeting FAK &Integrins, displaying effective stemness control by assessing regulatory proteins- Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, ALDH1/2. Ex-ovo xenograft model validated tumor regression. Our study thereby deals with devastating effects of cancer drug resistance while trying to abate enhanced migratory potential & stemness, utilizing the synergism of the combinable therapy. CONCLUSION TQ/Emo inhibited breast cancer proliferation synergistically while enhancing cytotoxicity, inducing apoptosis on MCF-7 cells while curbing migration & stemness. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Employment of the combinatorial phytochemicals, Thymoquinone & Emodin attempted to achieve deliverables like reduced cellular toxicity, drug resistance, anti-migratory potency & stemness. Besides, decreased p-FAK expression or regression in Mammosphere & tumor size in ex-ovo xenograft model is indicative of the better anti-tumorigenic potential of the dual formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Bhattacharjee
- Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Priyanka Upadhyay
- Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Sushmita Sarker
- Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Arijita Basu
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Shaswati Das
- Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Avijit Ghosh
- Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700106, India
| | - Swatilekha Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, Major Arterial Road (South-East), Action Area II, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Center for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Technology Campus, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700106, India.
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Jingyuan H, Yan L, Wenjing P, Wenqiang J, Bo L, Linghong M, Qunlang Z, Hualiang L, Xianping G. Dietary selenium enhances the growth and anti-oxidant capacity of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 101:115-125. [PMID: 32220627 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sodium selenite was added to basal diet at five levels (0.10, 0.42, 0.67, 1.06 and 1.46 mg Se/kg) and fed fish for 8 weeks. The dietary selenium requirement of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) was quantified. Dietaryseleniums at 0.67-1.06 mg Se/kg improved weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency. The optimal amount was 0.96 mg/kg, for which the specific growth rate was 1.798%/day and the weight gain rate was 173.852% (p < 0.05). Se deposition in muscle was increased (p < 0.05) at ≥0.67 mg/kg, but moisture, protein, lipid and ash content were not affected. Physiological status and lipid metabolism were improved by 1.06-1.46 mg/kg dietary selenium based on total protein and albumin in plasma, and total cholesterol and triglycerides (p < 0.05). Activities of hepatic anti-oxidant enzymes catalase, total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione were enhanced at Se1.06 (p < 0.05). However, malondialdehyde content was lowered at Se1.06 (p < 0.05). Expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1) in liver were elevated at Se1.06 (p < 0.05), as were mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase, copper zinc superoxide dismutase and catalase. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 8, tumour necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β were inhibited at 0.67-1.46 mg/kg (p < 0.05). In general, 0.96 mg/kg was optimal, and optimal selenium enhanced antioxidant stress tolerance and anti-inflammatory ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jingyuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Lin Yan
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Pan Wenjing
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jiang Wenqiang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Liu Bo
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Miao Linghong
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Zhou Qunlang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Liang Hualiang
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Ge Xianping
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Rafiei H, Mohammadinejad R, Afshar EG, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Potential therapeutic effects of curcumin mediated by JAK/STAT signaling pathway: A review. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1745-1760. [PMID: 32157749 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a naturally occurring nutraceutical compound with a number of therapeutic and biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antitumor, and cardioprotective. This plant-derived chemical has demonstrated great potential in targeting various signaling pathways to exert its protective effects. Signal transducers and activator of transcription (STAT) is one of the molecular pathways involved in a variety of biological processes such as cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Accumulating data demonstrates that the STAT pathway is an important target in treatment of a number of disorders, particularly cancer. Curcumin is capable of affecting STAT signaling pathway in induction of its therapeutic impacts. Curcumin is able to enhance the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines and improve inflammatory disorders such as colitis by targeting STAT signaling pathway. Furthermore, studies show that inhibition of JAK/STAT pathway by curcumin is involved in reduced migration and invasion of cancer cells. Curcumin normalizes the expression of JAK/STAT signaling pathway to exert anti-diabetic, renoprotective, and neuroprotective impacts. At the present review, we provide a comprehensive discussion about the effect of curcumin on JAK/STAT signaling pathway to direct further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Rafiei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham G Afshar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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Ashrafizadeh M, Ahmadi Z, Samarghandian S, Mohammadinejad R, Yaribeygi H, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. MicroRNA-mediated regulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway: Implications in disease therapy and protection against oxidative stress. Life Sci 2020; 244:117329. [PMID: 31954747 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding pieces of RNA that are involved in a variety of physiologic processes such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell cycle and cell survival. These multifunctional nucleotides are also capable of preventing oxidative damages by modulating antioxidant defense systems in a variety of milieu, such as in diabetes. Although the exact molecular mechanisms by which miRs modulate the antioxidant defense elements are unclear, some evidence suggests that they may exert these effects via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. This intracellular mechanism is crucial in the maintenance of the physiologic redox balance by regulating the expression and activity of various cellular antioxidative defense elements and thereby plays a pivotal role in the development of oxidative stress. Any impairment in the Nrf2 signaling pathway may result in oxidative damage-dependent complications such as various diabetic complications, neurological disorders and cancer. In the current review, we discuss the modulatory effects of miRs on the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which can potentially be novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Basic Science, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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