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Orzuna-Orzuna JF, Granados-Rivera LD. Growth performance, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) supplemented with essential oils: A meta-analysis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 176:105353. [PMID: 38972293 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with essential oils (EOS) on growth performance, antioxidant status in blood serum, intestinal morphology, and whole-body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through a meta-analytic approach. The search and collection of scientific articles were conducted using the PRISMA methodology, and 45 full-text scientific articles were obtained. The data used in the meta-analysis were extracted from these 45 documents. The effect size was assessed through weighted mean differences (WMD) using Der-Simonian and Laird random effects models. Dietary supplementation with EOS increased (P < 0.001) final weight, body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, protein efficiency ratio, and survival but decreased (P < 0.001) feed conversion ratio. In blood serum, EOS supplementation decreased (P < 0.001) the concentration of malondialdehyde and increased (P < 0.001) the concentration of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. In the foregut, midgut, and hindgut, greater (P < 0.01) villus height, villus width, and number of goblet cells were observed in response to EOS supplementation. EOS supplementation increased (P < 0.01) crude protein content and decreased (P < 0.05) crude lipid content in the whole-body. In conclusion, essential oils can be used as a dietary additive to improve growth performance, antioxidant status in blood serum, and intestinal morphology in Nile tilapia. Likewise, supplementation with essential oils increases the protein content and decreases the fat content in the whole-body of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Felipe Orzuna-Orzuna
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo C.P. 56230, State of Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Lorenzo Danilo Granados-Rivera
- Campo Experimental General Terán, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, General Terán C.P. 67400, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Hou D, Li M, Li P, Chen B, Huang W, Guo H, Cao J, Zhao H. Effects of sodium butyrate on growth performance, antioxidant status, inflammatory response and resistance to hypoxic stress in juvenile largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265963. [PMID: 38022555 PMCID: PMC10656595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate (SB) supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, inflammatory factors, and hypoxic stress in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Diets were supplemented with different doses of SB at 0 (SB0), 0.5 (SB1), 1.0 (SB2) and 2.0 (SB3) g/kg. The hypoxic stress experiment was performed after 56 days of culture. The results showed that compared with the SB0 group, the final body weight, weight gain rate and protein deposition rate of the SB3 group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while FCR was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The contents of dry matter, crude lipids, and ash in the SB2 group were significantly higher than those in the SB0 group (P<0.05). The urea level was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the glucose content was significantly increased (P<0.05) in the SB supplement group. Compared with the SB0 group, the SB2 group had significant reductions in the levels of serum triglyceride, cholesterol, elevated-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (P<0.05), and significant reductions in the levels of liver alkaline phosphatase and malondialdehyde (P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity of the SB1 group was higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). Compared with the SB0 group, the mRNA expression of TLR22, MyD88, TGF-β1, IL-1β and IL-8 in the SB2 group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The cumulative mortality rate was significantly decreased in the SB2 and SB3 groups in comparison with that in the SB0 group after three hours of hypoxic stress (P<0.05). In a 56-day feeding trial, SB enhanced largemouth bass growth by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibiting TLR22-MyD88 signaling, therefore increasing cumulative mortality from hypoxic stress in largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiang Hou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Min Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Peijia Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Junming Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Wang T, Zhou N, He J, Hao Z, Zhou C, Du Y, Du Z, Su X, Zhang M. Xylanase improves the intestinal barrier function of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with soybean (Glycine max) meal. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:86. [PMID: 37415202 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00883-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean (Glycine max) meal is one of the important protein sources for fish, but the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) in soybean meal impair the intestinal barrier function. Here we aimed to investigate whether xylanase can alleviate the adverse effects on the gut barrier induced by soybean meal in Nile tilapia and to explore the possible mechanism. RESULTS Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (4.09 ± 0.02 g) were fed with two diets including SM (soybean meal) and SMC (soybean meal + 3,000 U/kg xylanase) for 8 weeks. We characterized the effects of xylanase on the gut barrier, and the transcriptome analysis was performed to investigate the underlying mechanism. Dietary xylanase improved intestinal morphology and decreased the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum. The results of transcriptome and Western blotting showed that dietary xylanase up-regulated the expression level of mucin2 (MUC2) which may be related to the inhibition of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (perk)/activating transcription factor 4 (atf4) signaling pathways. Microbiome analysis showed that addition of xylanase in soybean meal altered the intestinal microbiota composition and increased the concentration of butyric acid in the gut. Notably, dietary sodium butyrate was supplemented into the soybean meal diet to feed Nile tilapia, and the data verified that sodium butyrate mirrored the beneficial effects of xylanase. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, supplementation of xylanase in soybean meal altered the intestinal microbiota composition and increased the content of butyric acid which can repress the perk/atf4 signaling pathway and increase the expression of muc2 to enhance the gut barrier function of Nile tilapia. The present study reveals the mechanism by which xylanase improves the intestinal barrier, and it also provides a theoretical basis for the application of xylanase in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Nannan Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Junyi He
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhenzhen Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chentao Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yidi Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhenyu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Hoseini SM, Yousefi M, Afzali-Kordmahalleh A, Pagheh E, Taheri Mirghaed A. Effects of Dietary Lactic Acid Supplementation on the Activity of Digestive and Antioxidant Enzymes, Gene Expressions, and Bacterial Communities in the Intestine of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1934. [PMID: 37370444 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of dietary lactic acid (LA) supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal digestive/antioxidant enzymes' activities, gene expression, and bacterial communities in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Four diets were formulated to contain 0 g/kg LA (control), at 2.5 g/kg LA (2.5LAC), 5 g/kg LA (5LAC), and 10 g/kg LA (10LAC) and offered to the fish over a period of 56 days. The results showed that dietary 5 g/kg LA supplementation improved growth performance and feed efficiency in the fish. All LA treatments exhibited significant elevations in the intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin activities, whereas the intestinal lipase, amylase, and alkaline phosphatase activities exhibited significant elevations in the 5LAC and 10LAC treatments. All LA treatments exhibited significant elevations in the intestinal heat shock protein 70, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and defensin gene expressions, and the highest expression was observed in the 5LAC treatment. Additionally, dietary LA treatment significantly increased the lysozyme expression and Lactobacillus sp. population in the intestine of the fish, and the highest values were observed in the 5LAC and 10LAC treatments. Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. populations decreased in the LA treatments, and the lowest Aeromonas sp. population was observed in the 10LAC treatment. The intestinal mucin2 and mucin5 expressions, and the hepatic reduced glutathione content, significantly increased, whereas hepatic glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and malondialdehyde significantly decreased in the 5LAC and 10LAC treatments. In conclusion, dietary 5 g/kg LA is recommended for common carp feeding to improve growth rate, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan 4915677555, Iran
| | - Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alireza Afzali-Kordmahalleh
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Pagheh
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan 4915677555, Iran
| | - Ali Taheri Mirghaed
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran
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Krogdahl Å, Dhanasiri AKS, Krasnov A, Aru V, Chikwati EM, Berge GM, Engelsen SB, Kortner TM. Effects of functional ingredients on gut inflammation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108618. [PMID: 36801242 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Functional feed ingredients are frequently used in feeds for Atlantic salmon, often claimed to improve immune functions in the intestine and reduce severity of gut inflammation. However, documentation of such effects is, in most cases, only indicative. In the present study effects of two packages of functional feed ingredients commonly used in salmon production, were evaluated employing two inflammation models. One model employed soybean meal (SBM) as inducer of a severe inflammation, the other a mixture of corn gluten and pea meal (CoPea) inducing mild inflammation. The first model was used to evaluate effects of two packages of functional ingredients: P1 containing butyrate and arginine, and P2 containing β-glucan, butyrate, and nucleotides. In the second model only the P2 package was tested. A high marine diet was included in the study as a control (Contr). The six diets were fed to salmon (average weight of 177g) in saltwater tanks (57 fish per tank), in triplicate, for 69 days (754 ddg). Feed intake was recorded. The growth rate of the fish was high, highest for the Contr (TGC: 3.9), lowest for SBM fed fish (TGC: 3.4). Fish fed the SBM diet showed severe symptoms of inflammation in the distal intestine as indicated by histological, biochemical, molecular, and physiological biomarkers. The number of differently expressed genes (DEG) between the SBM and Contr fed fish was 849 and comprised genes indicating alteration in immune functions, cellular and oxidative stress, and nutrient digestion, and transport functions. Neither P1 nor P2 altered the histological and functional symptoms of inflammation in the SBM fed fish importantly. Inclusion of P1 altered expression of 81 genes, inclusion of P2 altered 121 genes. Fish fed the CoPea diet showed minor signs of inflammation. Supplementation with P2 did not change these signs. Regarding composition of the microbiota in digesta from the distal intestine, clear differences regarding beta-diversity and taxonomy between Contr, SBM, and CoPea fed fish were observed. In the mucosa the microbiota differences were less clear. The two packages of functional ingredients altered microbiota composition of fish fed the SBM and the CoPea diet towards that of fish fed the Contr diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åshild Krogdahl
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Ås, Norway.
| | - Anusha K S Dhanasiri
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Violetta Aru
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Trond M Kortner
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Ås, Norway
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Ge Y, Yao S, Shi Y, Cai C, Wang C, Wu P, Cao X, Ye Y. Effects of Low or High Dosages of Dietary Sodium Butyrate on the Growth and Health of the Liver and Intestine of Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:6173245. [PMID: 36860455 PMCID: PMC9973142 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6173245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of butyric acid in the intestine increased with the increase in the content of fermentable dietary fibre; however, the potential physiological impact of a high dose of butyric acid on fish has not been sufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two dosages of butyric acid on the growth and health of the liver and intestine of the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Sodium butyrate (SB) was added to the diet at 0 g/kg (CON), 2 g/kg (SB2), and 20 g/kg (SB20), and the juvenile largemouth bass were fed to apparent satiation for 56 days. No significant difference was observed in the specific growth rate or hepatosomatic index among the groups (P > 0.05). The concentration of β-hydroxybutyric acid in the liver, the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, and the concentrations of triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum increased significantly in the SB20 group compared to the CON group (P < 0.05). The relative expression of fas, acc, il1b, nfkb, and tnfa in the liver of the SB20 groups was also significantly higher than that of the CON group (P < 0.05). The above indicators in the group SB2 had similar change tendencies. The expression of nfkb and il1b in the intestine of both the SB2 and SB20 groups was significantly downregulated compared with that in the CON group (P < 0.05). The size of hepatocytes was enlarged, and the intracellular lipid droplets and the degree of hepatic fibrosis were increased in the SB20 group compared to the CON group. There was no significant difference in intestinal morphology among the groups. The above results indicated that neither 2 g/kg nor 20 g/kg SB had a positive effect on the growth of largemouth bass, while a high dosage of SB induced liver fat accumulation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Ge
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shibin Yao
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ye Shi
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chunfang Cai
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chengrui Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiamin Cao
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuantu Ye
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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He Z, Liu N, Cai Y, Yang N, Li G, Xiao Y, Zhou X, Cao S, Qu F, Tang J, Liu S, Liu Z. Effect of Tributyrin on Growth Performance and Pathway by which Tributyrin Regulates Oligopeptide Transporter 1 in Juvenile Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192498. [PMID: 36230239 PMCID: PMC9558947 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oligopeptide transporter 1 (PepT1) plays a role in the transportation and absorption of oligopeptides, which is an important part of protein nutrition and affects the growth of animals. Tributyrin (TB), the precursor of butyrate, exhibits similar functions to those of the butyrate in intestinal nutrients absorption. The analysis of TB on the growth of grass carp and its regulation pathway on PepT1 may help us to better understand the functions of TB and oligopeptide transportation via PepT1, which can be modulated by diet. In this study, we demonstrated that an appropriate level of tributyrin supplementation in the diet promoted the growth of juvenile grass carp and elevated the expressions of caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2), specificity protein 1 (SP1), and PepT1 in the grass carp intestine and primary intestine cell. In addition, CDX2 and SP1 regulating the expression of PepT1 was investigated. Finally, CDX2/SP1-mediating tributyrin regulation on PepT1 was elucidated. This study verified the effect of tributyrin on the growth of juvenile grass carp and clarified the tributyrin regulation pathway on CDX2/SP1-PepT1. Abstract The nutritional functions of tributyrin (TB) have been extensively studied, but questions remain regarding its influence on the growth of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and the regulation pathway to PepT1 in the intestine of grass carp. To answer the remaining questions, feeding trials, cell trials, and peritoneal injection trials were conducted in this study. The results showed that an appropriate level of TB (0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg) supplementation in feed significantly promoted the growth performance of juvenile grass carp. The expressions of intestine genes (CDX2, SP1 and PepT1) related to oligopeptide transportation increased in the 0.5 g/kg TB group of feeding trials and both the 5 mM and 10 mM TB groups of the intestine cell trials, respectively. Subsequently, the injection trials of inhibitors CDX2 and SP1 demonstrated that the inhibition of CDX2 or SP1 decreased the mRNA expression of PepT1. Finally, the results of independent or combined treatments of TB and the inhibitors suggested that CDX2/SP1 mediated TB regulation on PepT1. These findings may help us to better understand the functions of TB on growth and PepT1 oligopeptide transportation, which could be modulated by dietary TB through the CDX2/SP1-PepT1 pathway in juvenile grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Na Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Yuyang Cai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Na Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Gen Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Shenping Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Fufa Qu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Jianzhou Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Suchun Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +86-13787220708
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Body yield, growth performance, and haematological evaluation of Nile tilapia fed a diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Casetta J, Gasparino E, Isabela da Silva C, Ribeiro RP, Braccini GL, Refundini G, de Souza Khatlab A, Lala B, Claudino-Silva S. Immune response in sexual inverted and non-inverted Nile tilapia fingerlings supplemented with organic acid and essential oil. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:975-981. [PMID: 35863539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development and intensification of tilapia farming depends on the manipulation of some physiological functions, such as the sexual inversion of larvae using a synthetic androgen (17α-methyltestosterone). This inversion, however, may represent a potential oxidative stress factor and cause damage to animals in the short, medium, and long term. Dietary supplementation of natural antioxidant compounds is an interesting alternative to combat such damage. To test this hypothesis, an experimental trial was carried out involving sexual inverted and non-inverted Nile tilapia fingerlings, both supplemented and not supplemented with a blend of organic acids and essential oils protected by microencapsulation. Animals were divided into four experimental groups: NI (non-inverted animals), I (sexual inverted animals), NI + M (non-inverted animals supplemented with microcapsules), and I + M (sexual inverted animals supplemented with microcapsules). Blood parameters (WBC - white blood cells; LY - lymphocytes; RBC - red blood cells; HGB - hemoglobin; HCT - hematocrit number; MCH - mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCV - mean corpuscular volume and MCHC - mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), as well as oxidative stress markers (enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase - SOD and catalase - CAT; and total antioxidant capacity - 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH)) and gene expression (heat shock protein 70 kDa - HSP70) were evaluated. The HGB (p < 0.001) and HCT (p = 0.005) parameters were reduced beyond the recommended limits for the animals in group I. The MCV varied statistically between the groups (p < 0.001). However, all values were within the recommended range for the species, jointly indicating normocytic anemia in group I fingerlings at the time of collection. The activity of CAT and SOD, as well as DPPH differed statistically between the experimental groups (p < 0.001), with the lowest SOD and CAT activity, as well as the highest DPPH registered in animals supplemented with microcapsules. The expression of HSP70 was lower in I + MI animals (p < 0.001). The synergistic evaluation of the results indicates that animals sexual inverted during the larval stage have a lower total antioxidant capacity in the fingerling stage, which reflects a worsening in hematological and enzymatic parameters related to immunity; and that dietary supplementation with blend of organic acids and essential oils protected by microencapsulation is sufficient to improve the immunological response both in sexual inverted and non-inverted fingerlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaísa Casetta
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Eliane Gasparino
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Lala
- Department of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Amazon, Capitão Poço, Brazil; Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Hoseini SM, Rajabiesterabadi H, Abbasi M, Khosraviani K, Hoseinifar SH, Van Doan H. Modulation of humoral immunological and antioxidant responses and gut bacterial community and gene expression in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, by dietary lactic acid supplementation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 125:26-34. [PMID: 35500875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to find the effects of dietary lactic acid (LA) supplementation on growth performance, hematological characteristics, humoral antioxidant and immunological factors, intestinal gene expression and bacteriological parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish (104 ± 0.90 g) were randomly distributed in twelve tanks (150 L water) as four treatments, receiving diets supplemented with 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/kg LA for 70 days. At the end of the feeding trial, no significant differences were observed in the fish growth performance and survival among the treatments. Blood/plasma red blood cell (5-20 g/kg LA), white blood cell (10 g/kg LA), hematocrit (5 and 10 g/kg LA), hemoglobin (5 and 10 g/kg LA), superoxide dismutase (10 g/kg LA), glutathione peroxidase (10 g/kg LA), total antioxidant capacity (10 g/kg LA), lysozyme (5-20 g/kg LA), and alternative complement activity (10 g/kg LA) significantly increased, as malondialdehyde (10 g/kg LA) significantly decreased in the LA-treated fish. Dietary LA supplementation induced no significant changes in the intestinal defensin gene expression, but significantly up-regulated the expression of toll-like receptor-3 (5-20 g/kg LA), Mx-9 (5-20 g/kg LA), and heat shock protein-70 (5 g/kg LA) genes; the highest expressions were observed at 5 g/kg LA supplementation. Dietary LA supplementation significantly increased total bacterial count (5 and 10 g/kg LA), Lactobacillus sp. (5-20 g/kg LA), and Bacteroides sp. (5-20 g/kg LA), but decreased Streptococcus iniae (5-20 g/kg LA) in the fish intestine; the highest Lactobacillus sp. And Bacteroides sp. Were observed in 10 and 5 g/kg LA supplementation, respectively. Overall, dietary LA supplementation, although has no significant effects on the fish growth performance, is beneficial to improve humoral antioxidant parameters, humoral and intestinal immunological parameters and intestinal microflora. According to the results, dietary 5-10 g/kg LA is recommended for the formulation of rainbow trout feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Rajabiesterabadi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Golestan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Abbasi
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Owatari MS, Cardoso L, Pereira SA, Pereira UDP, Tachibana L, Martins ML, Mouriño JLP. Laboratory-controlled challenges of streptococcosis in Nile tilapia using the oral route (infected-feed) for infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:295-303. [PMID: 34871760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the oral infected-feed, intragastric-gavage, and intraperitoneal routes of the Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this purpose, 270 juveniles of Nile tilapia, with an average weight of 2 g, were distributed in 18 experimental units of 90 L, acclimatized, and raised for 55 days, until reaching 50 g (median weight). The experimental design was entirely randomized in six treatments, three of which were composed by bacterial infection routes: intraperitoneal 100 μL fish-1 [108 CFU], intragastric 100 μL fish-1 [108 CFU], feed inoculum 100 μL g feed-1 [109 CFU], and three respective control groups. Clinical signs were observed, and mortalities monitored until reaching 50% in the infected groups. Then, tissue samples from the spleen, liver, intestine, brain, and blood were collected from 20 fish per treatment for histopathological and hemato-immunological analyses. In addition, a related mortality curve was established at the end of the experimental challenge. The intraperitoneal and intragastric routes were more aggressive than the oral inoculum, causing greater brain damage, acute hemato-immunological response, and early mortality. While the orally fed inoculum, fish presented brain lesions with less intensity, and a chronic haemato-immunological response, the mortalities occurred twice as long as the other routes. The present research demonstrated that the S. agalactiae oral (feed inoculum) administration can be an innovative methodology to future experimental challenges in aquaculture research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Shizuo Owatari
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Cardoso
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Scheila Anelise Pereira
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ulisses de Pádua Pereira
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Bacteriology in Fish (LABBEP), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Tachibana
- Fisheries Institute - APTA - SAA, Aquaculture Research Center, Av. Conselheiro Rodrigues Alves, 1252, CEP 04014-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (CCA, UFSC), Rodovia Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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