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Blagojević J, Aleksić G, Vučurović I, Starović M, Ristić D. Exploring the Phylogenetic Diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthe Species Causing Dieback and Shoot Blight of Blueberry in Serbia. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1333-1345. [PMID: 38015417 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-23-0133-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the precise pathogens responsible for specific plant diseases is imperative for implementing targeted and efficient interventions and mitigating their spread. Dieback and shoot blight significantly diminish the lifespan and productivity of blueberries, yet the causative agents remain largely unidentified. To determine the identity and prevalence of the causal agents of branch dieback and shoot blight, we conducted multiyear and multisite sampling of diseased highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum cultivar Duke) in Serbia. Sixty-nine monosporic isolates were collected and characterized based on morphological, physiological features and multilocus phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-α sequence data. Five species were identified as causal agents: Diaporthe eres (36 isolates), D. foeniculina (3 isolates), Neopestalotiopsis vaccinii (9 isolates), Neopestalotiopsis rosae (6 isolates), and Neofusicoccum parvum (15 isolates). The results of the pathogenicity tests performed with the 23 representative isolates confirmed the role of these species as primary pathogens in causing dieback and shoot blight of blueberry, with Neofusicoccum parvum being the most aggressive and D. eres the least. Our study underscores the diversity of genera and species of ascomycetes capable of causing blueberry dieback and shoot blight. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the agents responsible for the disease in Serbia differ from those identified in other regions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Blagojević
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Aleksić
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Vučurović
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mira Starović
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Ristić
- Department of Plant Diseases, Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Teodora Drajzera 9, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Wang Y, Song X, Xie S, Geng Y, Xu C, Yin X, Zang R, Guo L, Zhang M, Guo Y. Diversity of Lasiodiplodia Species Associated with Canker and Dieback in Fruit Trees in the Henan and Shandong Provinces of China. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:563-575. [PMID: 37729652 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-23-1260-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Lasiodiplodia is a widely distributed genus that is associated with a variety of diseases in many plant species, especially fruit trees. In this study, a disease survey of fruit trees growing in 12 orchards located in the Henan and Shandong provinces of China was conducted between 2020 and 2022. The symptoms observed included stem canker, branch dieback, and gummosis. Phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer, tub2, tef1, and rpb2 sequence data combined with morphological characteristics revealed that the 19 isolates collected during the survey belonged to five documented Lasiodiplodia species, namely, Lasiodiplodia citricola, L. chiangraiensis, L. huangyanensis, L. pseudotheobromae, and L. theobromae, and two previously undescribed species, L. xinyangensis and L. ziziphi. In addition, the survey identified three novel host-pathogen interactions: L. chiangraiensis on loquat, L. citricola on apple, and L. huangyanensis on grapevine. Furthermore, the detailed phylogenic analysis indicated that four previously described Lasiodiplodia species were genetically very closely related that they would be better classified as synonyms rather than distinct species, so L. paraphysoides and L. nanpingensis should be considered synonyms of L. citricola, L. fujianensis should be a synonym of L. iraniensis, and L. henanica should be a synonym of L. huangyanensis. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that representative isolates of the two novel species and three new host-pathogen interactions identified in the current study were pathogenic to their original hosts, thereby fulfilling Koch's postulates. Similarly, all of the isolates were found to be pathogenic on four alternative hosts, although a high degree of variation in virulence was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xinzheng Song
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shunpei Xie
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yuehua Geng
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xinming Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Rui Zang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yashuang Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Ko YZ, Liyanage WK, Shih HC, Tseng MN, Shiao MS, Chiang YC. Unveiling Cryptic Species Diversity and Genetic Variation of Lasiodiplodia (Botryosphaeriaceae, Botryosphaeriales) Infecting Fruit Crops in Taiwan. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:950. [PMID: 37755058 PMCID: PMC10532828 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Lasiodiplodia, a member of the family Botryosphaeriaceae, is an important fungal disease genus in agriculture. However, the Lasiodiplodia species survey and genetic diversity in Taiwan remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the Lasiodiplodia species associated with various fruit species to explore the cryptic Lasiodiplodia species diversity, validate species delimitation, and unveil cryptic genetic diversity. Overall, six Lasiodiplodia species were identified, with several new records of infection identified. Additionally, phylogenetic analyses indicated that the relations of all isolates of L. theobromae might be paraphyletic. They were grouped with L. brasiliense based on Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), Automatic Partitioning (ASAP) and structure-based clustering analyses. These analyses did not provide conclusive evidence for L. brasiliensis as a stable species. It may be necessary to gather more information to clarify the species delineation. The multiple new records of Lasiodiplodia species with high genetic diversity and differentiation revealed that the diversity of Lasiodiplodia in Taiwan was underestimated in the past. We found that L. theobromae has the highest number of haplotypes but the lowest number of haplotype and nucleotide diversities, indicating a recent population expansion. This was supported by the significant negative Tajima's D and Fu and Li's D* tests. The high genetic diversity, low gene flow, and host-associated differentiation of Lasiodiplodia species indicate that they might harbour powerful evolutionary potential in Taiwan. This study provided critical insights into genetic variation, host-associated differentiation, and demography of Lasiodiplodia species, which would be helpful for disease management of related pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Zhu Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Wasantha Kumara Liyanage
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Kamburupitiya 81100, Sri Lanka;
| | - Huei-Chuan Shih
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 912, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Nan Tseng
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Pingtung 908, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shin Shiao
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 73170, Thailand;
| | - Yu-Chung Chiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environment Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- The Multidisciplinary and Data Science Research Center (MDSRC), National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Li WL, Liang RR, Dissanayake AJ, Liu JK. Botryosphaerialean fungi associated with woody oil plants cultivated in Sichuan Province, China. MycoKeys 2023; 97:71-116. [PMID: 37265995 PMCID: PMC10230375 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.97.103118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Woody oil plants are important economic trees which are widely cultivated and distributed throughout China. Surveys conducted during 2020 and 2021 on several woody oil plantations from five regions of Sichuan Province, China, revealed a high diversity of Botryosphaerialean fungi. The identification of 50 botryosphaeriaceous isolates was carried out based on both morphology and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1) and β-tubulin gene (tub2). This allowed the identification of twelve previously known Botryosphaeriales species: Aplosporellaprunicola, A.ginkgonis, Barriopsistectonae, Botryosphaeriadothidea, Bo.fabicerciana, Diplodiamutila, Di.seriata, Dothiorellasarmentorum, Neofusicoccumparvum, Sardiniellaguizhouensis, Sphaeropsiscitrigena, and Sp.guizhouensis, and four novel species belonging to the genera Diplodia and Dothiorella, viz. Di.acerigena, Di.pistaciicola, Do.camelliae and Do.zanthoxyli. The dominant species isolated across the surveyed regions were Botryosphaeriadothidea, Sardiniellaguizhouensis and Diplodiamutila, representing 20%, 14% and 12% of the total isolates, respectively. In addition, most isolates were obtained from Pistaciachinensis (14 isolates), followed by Camelliaoleifera (10 isolates). The present study enhances the understanding of Botryosphaeriales species diversity on woody oil plants in Sichuan Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, Electronic Science and Technology University, Chengdu 611731, ChinaElectronic Science and Technology UniversityChengduChina
| | - Rui-Ru Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, Electronic Science and Technology University, Chengdu 611731, ChinaElectronic Science and Technology UniversityChengduChina
| | - Asha J. Dissanayake
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, Electronic Science and Technology University, Chengdu 611731, ChinaElectronic Science and Technology UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jian-Kui Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, Electronic Science and Technology University, Chengdu 611731, ChinaElectronic Science and Technology UniversityChengduChina
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Ji T, Salotti I, Altieri V, Li M, Rossi V. Temperature-Dependent Growth and Spore Germination of Fungi Causing Grapevine Trunk Diseases: Quantitative Analysis of Literature Data. PLANT DISEASE 2023:PDIS09222249RE. [PMID: 36366834 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-22-2249-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are serious threats in all viticultural areas of the world, and their management is always complex and usually inadequate. Fragmented and inconsistent information on the epidemiology and environmental requirements of the causal fungi is among the reasons for poor disease control. Therefore, we conducted a quantitative analysis of literature data to determine the effects of temperature on mycelial growth and the effects of temperature and moisture duration on spore germination. Using the collected information, we then developed mathematical equations describing the response of mycelial growth to temperature, and the response of spore germination to temperature and moisture for the different species and disease syndromes. We considered 27 articles (selected from a total of 207 articles found through a systematic literature search) and 116 cases; these involved 43 fungal species belonging to three disease syndromes. The mycelial growth of the fungi causing Botryosphaeria dieback (BD) and the esca complex (EC) responded similarly to temperature, and preferred higher temperatures than those causing Eutypa dieback (ED) (with optimal temperature of 25.3, 26.5, and 23.3°C, respectively). At any temperature, the minimal duration of the moist period required for 50% spore germination was shorter for BD (3.0 h) than for EC (17.2 h) or ED (15.5 h). Mathematical equations were developed accounting for temperature-moisture relationships of GTD fungi, which showed concordance correlation coefficients ≥0.888; such equations should be useful for reducing the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ji
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VES.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Irene Salotti
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VES.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Valeria Altieri
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VES.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Ming Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture (NERCITA) and Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Vittorio Rossi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VES.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
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Lin L, Bai Y, Pan M, Tian C, Fan X. Morphology and molecular analyses reveal three new species of Botryosphaeriales isolated from diseased plant branches in China. MycoKeys 2023; 97:1-19. [PMID: 37214759 PMCID: PMC10194845 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.97.102653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Botryosphaeriales represents an ecologically diverse group of fungi, comprising endophytes, saprobes, and plant pathogens. In this study, taxonomic analyses were conducted based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of multi-gene sequence data from four loci (ITS, LSU, tef1-α, and tub2). Thirteen isolates obtained from Beijing and Yunnan Province were identified as seven species of Botryosphaeriales, including Aplosporellajaveedii, Dothiorellaalpina, Phaeobotryonaplosporum and Ph.rhois, and three previously undescribed species, namely Aplosporellayanqingensis, Dothiorellabaihuashanensis, and Phaeobotryonplatycladi. Additionally, the new records of Dothiorellaalpina from the host species Populusszechuanica, Phaeobotryonaplosporum from Juglansmandshurica, and Phaeobotryonrhois from Populusalbavar.pyramidalis are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yukun Bai
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Meng Pan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xinlei Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
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Xing Q, Zhou X, Cao Y, Peng J, Zhang W, Wang X, Wu J, Li X, Yan J. The woody plant-degrading pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae effector LtCre1 targets the grapevine sugar-signaling protein VvRHIP1 to suppress host immunity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2768-2785. [PMID: 36788641 PMCID: PMC10112684 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a causal agent of Botryosphaeria dieback, which seriously threatens grapevine production worldwide. Plant pathogens secrete diverse effectors to suppress host immune responses and promote the progression of infection, but the mechanisms underlying the manipulation of host immunity by L. theobromae effectors are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized LtCre1, which encodes a L. theobromae effector that suppresses BAX-triggered cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. RNAi-silencing and overexpression of LtCre1 in L. theobromae showed impaired and increased virulence, respectively, and ectopic expression in N. benthamiana increased susceptibility. These results suggest that LtCre1 is as an essential virulence factor for L. theobromae. Protein-protein interaction studies revealed that LtCre1 interacts with grapevine RGS1-HXK1-interacting protein 1 (VvRHIP1). Ectopic overexpression of VvRHIP1 in N. benthamiana reduced infection, suggesting that VvRHIP1 enhances plant immunity against L. theobromae. LtCre1 was found to disrupt the formation of the VvRHIP1-VvRGS1 complex and to participate in regulating the plant sugar-signaling pathway. Thus, our results suggest that L. theobromae LtCre1 targets the grapevine VvRHIP1 protein to manipulate the sugar-signaling pathway by disrupting the association of the VvRHIP1-VvRGS1 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yang Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Junbo Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xuncheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jiahong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xinghong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruits Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Li G, Wu W, Lu L, Chen B, Chen S. Characterization of Pseudofusicoccum Species from Diseased Plantation-Grown Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus spp., and Pinus massoniana in Southern China. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040574. [PMID: 37111460 PMCID: PMC10142214 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi from Pseudofusicoccum (Phyllostictaceae, Botryosphaeriales) have been reported as pathogens, endophytes, or saprophytes from various woody plants in different countries. Recently, Botryosphaeriales isolates were obtained from the dead twigs of Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus spp., Pinus massoniana, and Cunninghamia lanceolata in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, and Fujian Provinces in southern China. This study aimed to understand the diversity, distribution, and virulence of these Pseudofusicoccum species on these trees. A total of 126 Pseudofusicoccum isolates were obtained, and the incidences of Pseudofusicoccum (percentage of trees that yielded Pseudofusicoccum) on A. mangium, P. massoniana, Eucalyptus spp., and C. lanceolata were 21%, 2.6%, 0.5%, and 0%, respectively. Based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and β-tubulin (tub2) loci, 75% of the total isolates were identified as P. kimberleyense, and the remaining isolates were identified as P. violaceum. For P. kimberleyense, the majority of isolates (83%) were from A. mangium, and the rest were from P. massoniana (14%) and Eucalyptus spp. (3%). Similarly, the proportion of isolates of P. violaceum from A. mangium, P. massoniana, and Eucalyptus spp. were 84%, 13%, and 3%, respectively. Inoculation trials showed that the two species produced expected lesions on the tested seedlings of A. mangium, E. urophylla × E. grandis, and P. elliottii. This study provides fundamental information on Pseudofusicoccum associated with diseases in main plantations in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Wenxia Wu
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Linqin Lu
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Bingyin Chen
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Shuaifei Chen
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees (RIFT), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, China
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Si YZ, Sun JW, Wan Y, Chen YN, He J, Li WZ, Li DW, Zhu LH. Neofusicoccum cryptomeriae sp. nov. and N. parvum Cause Stem Basal Canker of Cryptomeria japonica in China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9040404. [PMID: 37108858 PMCID: PMC10145188 DOI: 10.3390/jof9040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptomeria japonica D. Don is a coniferous tree species widely grown in southern China for its high ornamental value. Recently, during disease surveys in China, a symptom of dieback occurred on C. japonica in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. A total of 130 trees were surveyed and more than 90% showed the same symptom. The crowns of affected trees were brown when viewing from a distance, and the bark showed no difference from the healthy ones. In this study, 157 isolates were isolated from the 3 affected plants of C. japonica, and based on the living culture on PDA, the fungal isolates were preliminarily divided into 6 groups. Thirteen representative isolates were selected for the pathogenicity test, and seven of them showed obvious pathogenicity on C. japonica, causing stem basal canker. These isolates were identified based on comparisons of the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), β-tubulin (tub2), and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) and combined with their morphological characteristics. Results showed that these seven isolates belong to two taxa in Neofusicoccum, including a species new to science. The new species, Neofusicoccum cryptomeriae, was hereby described and illustrated. The other species was N. parvum. Both species were pathogens of stem basal canker of Cryptomeria japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zhi Si
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Jiangsu PIESAT Information Technology Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jian-Wei Sun
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Zhouning County Bureau of Forestry, Ningde 355400, China
| | - Yu Wan
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yi-Na Chen
- Jiangsu PIESAT Information Technology Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jiao He
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wei-Zheng Li
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - De-Wei Li
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Valley Laboratory, Windsor, CT 06095, USA
| | - Li-Hua Zhu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Hernández D, García-Pérez O, Perera S, González-Carracedo MA, Rodríguez-Pérez A, Siverio F. Fungal Pathogens Associated with Aerial Symptoms of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) Focused on Species of the Family Botryosphaeriaceae. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030585. [PMID: 36985159 PMCID: PMC10058760 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi of the family Botryosphaeriaceae are considered responsible for various symptoms in avocado such as dieback, external necrosis of branches and inflorescences, cankers on branches and trunks, or stem-end rot of fruits. In recent years, these problems are becoming more frequent in avocado orchards in the Canary Islands (Spain). This work includes the characterization of fungal species involved in these diseases, which were isolated from avocado crops in Tenerife Island between 2018 and 2022. A total of 158 vegetal samples were collected, from which 297 fungal isolates were culture-isolated. Fifty-two of them were selected according to their morphological features as representative isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae, and their molecular characterization was carried out, sequencing the ITS1-2 region as well as the β-tubulin and the elongation factor 1-alpha genes. Five species of Botryosphaeriaceae were isolated, including Neofusicoccum australe, N. cryptoaustrale/stellenboschiana, N. luteum, N. parvum, and Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis. This is the first time that L. brasiliensis has been associated with avocado dieback and that N. cryptoaustrale/stellenboschiana has been cited in avocado causing symptoms of dieback and stem-end rot. However, it was not possible to assign our isolates unequivocally to N. cryptoaustrale or N. stellenboschiana even additionally using the rpb2 marker for their molecular characterization. Botryosphaeriaceae family seem to be involved in avocado dieback, in the premature fall of fruits during their development in the field and in post-harvest damage in Tenerife, but further studies are needed to clarify the fungal pathogens associated with symptoms in relation to phenological plant growth stages or less frequently observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hernández
- Unidad de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, 38270 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Unidad de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, 38270 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Santiago Perera
- Servicio Técnico de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural del Cabildo Insular de Tenerife, 38007 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Mario A. González-Carracedo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Felipe Siverio
- Unidad de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, 38270 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Sección de Laboratorio de Sanidad Vegetal, Consejería de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Aguas del Gobierno de Canarias, 38270 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Manetti G, Brunetti A, Lumia V, Sciarroni L, Marangi P, Cristella N, Faggioli F, Reverberi M, Scortichini M, Pilotti M. Identification and Characterization of Neofusicoccum stellenboschiana in Branch and Twig Dieback-Affected Olive Trees in Italy and Comparative Pathogenicity with N. mediterraneum. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030292. [PMID: 36983460 PMCID: PMC10053632 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
For about a decade, olive groves in Apulia (Southern Italy) have been progressively destroyed by Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS), a disease caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xfp). Recently, we described an additional wilting syndrome affecting olive trees in that area. The botryosphaeriaceous fungus Neofusicoccum mediterraneum was found associated with the diseased trees, and its high virulence toward olive trees was demonstrated. Given the common features with Branch and Twig Dieback (BTD) of olive tree, occurring in Spain and California, we suggested that the observed syndrome was BTD. During our first survey, we also found a botryosphaeriaceous species other than N. mediterraneum. In the present article, we report the morphological and molecular characterization of this fungal species which we identified as Neofusicoccum stellenboschiana. In the study, we also included for comparison additional N. stellenboschiana isolates obtained from olive trees in Latium and Tuscany region (Central Italy). The occurrence of N. stellenboschiana in olive trees is reported here for the first time in the northern hemisphere. The pathogenicity and virulence were tested in nine inoculation trials, where the Apulian N. stellenboschiana isolate was compared with the isolate from Latium and with the Apulian isolate of N. mediterraneum. Both isolates of N. stellenboschiana proved pathogenic to olive trees. They caused evident bark canker and wood discolouration when inoculated at the base of the stem of two/three-year-old trees and on one-year-old twigs. However, virulence of N. stellenboschiana was significantly lower, though still remarkable, compared with N. mediterraneum in term of necrosis progression in the bark and the wood and capacity of wilting the twigs. Virulence of N. stellenboschiana and N. mediterraneum did not substantially change when inoculations were performed in spring/summer and in autumn, suggesting that these fungal species have the potential to infect and damage olive trees in all seasons. The high thermotolerance of N. stellenboschiana was also revealed with in vitro growth and survival tests. The high virulence of these Botryosphaeriaceae species highlights their contribution in BTD aetiology and the necessity to investigate right away their diffusion and, possibly, the role of additional factors other than Xfp in the general decline of olive groves in Apulia. Hence the importance of assessing the degree of overlap of BTD/Botryosphariaceae with OQDS/Xfp is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Manetti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Brunetti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lumia
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sciarroni
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marangi
- Terranostra S.r.l.s., 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Faggioli
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Department of Environmental Biology, University Sapienza, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Scortichini
- Research Centre for Olive, Fruit trees and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) (CREA-OFA), 00134 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pilotti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00156 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-8207-0357
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Lin L, Pan M, Gao H, Tian C, Fan X. The Potential Fungal Pathogens of Euonymus japonicus in Beijing, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020271. [PMID: 36836386 PMCID: PMC9966606 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Euonymus japonicus tolerates the dry and frigid climate of Beijing, China, and effectively filters out particles during the winter. However, fungal infestation frequently causes extreme illness and can even lead to shrub death. In this study, 104 diseased E. japonicus specimens were collected from seven districts in Beijing. Seventy-nine isolates were identified as 22 fungal species in seven genera. The species were Aplosporella hesperidica, A. javeedii, A. prunicola, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Colletotrichum aenigma, Co. euonymi, Co. euonymicola, Co. gloeosporioides, Cytospora ailanthicola, C. albodisca, C. diopuiensis, C. discotoma, C. elaeagni, C. euonymicola, C. euonymina, C. haidianensis, C. leucostoma, C. sophorae, C. zhaitangensis, Diaporthe eres, Dothiorella acericola, and Pestalotiopsis chaoyangensis. On the basis of morphological and phylogenetic analyses, Colletotrichum euonymi, Co. euonymicola, Cytospora zhaitangensis, and Pestalotiopsis chaoyangensis were introduced as novel species. Colletotrichum euonymi, Co. euonymicola, and Pestalotiopsis chaoyangensis were subsequently confirmed as pathogens of E. japonicus leaves by pathogenicity testing. This study provides an important assessment of the fungi associated with diseases of E. japonicus in Beijing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Pan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong Gao
- The Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chengming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinlei Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-130-2120-4929
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Dar GJ, Nazir R, Wani SA, Farooq S. Isolation, molecular characterization and first report of Dothiorella gregaria associated with fruit rot of walnuts of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105989. [PMID: 36646293 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts are known for their high levels of antioxidants, which are linked to various health benefits. However, challenges related to distribution and storage, as well as the risk of fungal infections, can affect the quality of walnut kernels. Fungal pathogens from the Botryosphaeriaceae family, including Dothiorella species and Diplodia species, can damage fruit and reduce its antioxidant content. To comprehend the cause of fruit rot in walnuts, Dothiorella gregaria isolates were studied using polyphasic methods, including multiple gene sequences and morphological identification, as well as analysis of polyphenol content and pathogenicity. The walnuts kernels purchased from market places of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India were observed to be affected by Dothiorella gregaria species causing the quality detoriation and decrease in polyphenol content thus undeniably with decreased antioxidant properties. D. gregaria Infected walnut kernels were having some brown and black spots and some were having white mycelial growth and however, most samples were asymptomatic. Pathogenicity testing revealed that the pathogen was able to develop all the symptoms under experimental conditions and the reisolated pathogen was morphologically similar to D. gregaria. The samples infected with this pathogen showed considerable decrease in polyphenol content, 10.9 ± 2.66 mgGAE/g (mean ± standard deviation) thus decreased antioxidant quality as compared to the samples which showed zero incidence of this pathogen, 52.50 ± 4.27 mgGAE/g (mean ± standard deviation). Furthermore, the pathogen was studied using polyphasic approach involving morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Combined nucleotide dataset of nuclear ribosomal ITS and tef1-α revealed that Dothiorella gregaria (NY6) formed a clade with Dothiorlla iberica (MAEC33), Dothiorella sarmentorium (MAEC28) and Dothiorella iberica (CAA905) strains with 83% bootstrap support. Besides, we observed six nucleotide changes, four were insertions or deletions and two were substitutions in the 502-bp region of the ITS rRNA gene when we compared our isolate to the most equivalent sequences submitted to NCBI GenBank. This is the first report of Dothiorella gregaria affecting walnuts purchased from various markets in J&K, India, causing fruit rot in walnuts after harvest. Given that local farmers store and export walnuts, it could pose an emerging threat to their livelihood. Thus, creating post-harvesting interventions for D. gregaria and knowing more about the fruit rot in walnuts can be benefited from morphological and molecular identification using several gene loci, genetic variability in the ITS rRNA gene, and total phenol analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulam Jeelani Dar
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ruqeya Nazir
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Shakil A Wani
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology & Immunology, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Saleem Farooq
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Rathnayaka AR, Chethana KWT, Phillips AJL, Liu JK, Samarakoon MC, Jones EBG, Karunarathna SC, Zhao CL. Re-Evaluating Botryosphaeriales: Ancestral State Reconstructions of Selected Characters and Evolution of Nutritional Modes. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:184. [PMID: 36836299 PMCID: PMC9961722 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) occur in a wide range of habitats as endophytes, saprobes, and pathogens. The order Botryosphaeriales has not been subjected to evaluation since 2019 by Phillips and co-authors using phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses. Subsequently, many studies introduced novel taxa into the order and revised several families separately. In addition, no ancestral character studies have been conducted for this order. Therefore, in this study, we re-evaluated the character evolution and taxonomic placements of Botryosphaeriales species based on ancestral character evolution, divergence time estimation, and phylogenetic relationships, including all the novel taxa that have been introduced so far. Maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference analyses were conducted on a combined LSU and ITS sequence alignment. Ancestral state reconstruction was carried out for conidial colour, septation, and nutritional mode. Divergence times estimates revealed that Botryosphaeriales originated around 109 Mya in the early epoch of the Cretaceous period. All six families in Botryosphaeriales evolved in the late epoch of the Cretaceous period (66-100 Mya), during which Angiosperms also appeared, rapidly diversified and became dominant on land. Families of Botryosphaeriales diversified during the Paleogene and Neogene periods in the Cenozoic era. The order comprises the families Aplosporellaceae, Botryosphaeriaceae, Melanopsaceae, Phyllostictaceae, Planistromellaceae and Saccharataceae. Furthermore, current study assessed two hypotheses; the first one being "All Botryosphaeriales species originated as endophytes and then switched into saprobes when their hosts died or into pathogens when their hosts were under stress"; the second hypothesis states that "There is a link between the conidial colour and nutritional mode in botryosphaerialean taxa". Ancestral state reconstruction and nutritional mode analyses revealed a pathogenic/saprobic nutritional mode as the ancestral character. However, we could not provide strong evidence for the first hypothesis mainly due to the significantly low number of studies reporting the endophytic botryosphaerialean taxa. Results also showed that hyaline and aseptate conidia were ancestral characters in Botryosphaeriales and supported the relationship between conidial pigmentation and the pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriales species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achala R. Rathnayaka
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - K. W. Thilini Chethana
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Alan J. L. Phillips
- Faculdade de Ciências, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jian-Kui Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Milan C. Samarakoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - E. B. Gareth Jones
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Chang-Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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Jibrin MO, Liu Q, Huang Y, Urbina H, Gazis R, Zhang S. Lasiodiplodia iraniensis, a New Causal Agent of Tuber Rot on Yam ( Dioscorea Species) Imported into the United States and Implications for Quarantine Decisions. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:3027-3032. [PMID: 35668059 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-21-2421-sc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One negative consequence of international trade of agricultural commodities is the inadvertent global spread of crop diseases. Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a staple food crop in many countries and is traded globally. Most of the commercially traded yams in the United States are imported. In late 2020, samples of yam tubers from a commercial facility were submitted to the plant diagnostic clinic at the UF/IFAS Tropical Research and Education Center in Homestead, Florida. Samples showed rotten symptoms and were drawn from lots that were marked to be destroyed because the source of the rotting symptoms was unknown. Preliminary isolation showed that a fungus was consistently associated with the symptoms and was confirmed in the subsequent pathogenicity test as the causal agent. The fungus grew profusely on potato dextrose agar (PDA) with highly melanized hyphae. Matured conidia showed longitudinal striations. Based on its growth pattern and morphology, it was suspected that this fungus may be in the genus Lasiodiplodia. DNA-based identification using partial sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), β-tubulin (TUB2), 28S rDNA (LSU), and elongation factor alpha (EF1-α) genes confirmed the identity of the isolates as Lasiodiplodia iraniensis Abdollahz., Zare & A.J.L. Phillips (synonym: L. iranensis). This is the first report of L. iraniensis affecting yam and has implications for international trade. This finding will provide an important foundation for making quarantine decisions to prevent spread of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ojonuba Jibrin
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Qingchun Liu
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Yi Huang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Hector Urbina
- Section of Plant Pathology, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL 32608
| | - Romina Gazis
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
| | - Shouan Zhang
- Tropical Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, IFAS, Homestead, FL 33031
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Martín L, García-García B, Alguacil MDM. Interactions of the Fungal Community in the Complex Patho-System of Esca, a Grapevine Trunk Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14726. [PMID: 36499052 PMCID: PMC9736784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, Esca is a complex and devastating Grapevine Trunk Disease (GTD), characterized by inconstant foliar symptoms and internal wood degradation. A large range of fungal taxa have been reported as causal agents. We applied both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods (Illumina Technology and q-PCR) to investigate this concerning disease. Woods from vines with asymptomatic leaves and vines with leaf Esca symptoms were compared. Internally, different types of wood were found, from healthy wood with black necrosis to wood with white rot. A combination of leaf and wood Esca symptoms resulted in four experimental categories. Although there was no relation with symptoms, culture-independent mycobiome composition revealed Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, a GTD pathogen, as the most abundant species (detected in 85.4% of wood samples, with 14.8% relative abundance). Using TaqMan q-PCR, P. chlamydospora DNA was detected in 60.4% of samples (far from the 18.8% of positive results in the culture-dependent approach). There was a predominance of saprotrophs, even if their abundance was not affected by Esca symptoms. Concerning pathotrophs, the white rot development within grapevines was linked to the abundance of fungi belonging to the Hymenochaetaceae family. The Botryosphaeriaceae family was identified as an indicator for expression of Esca foliar symptoms. Lastly, the Aureobasidiaceae family was found to be a potential biocontrol agent for Esca, since it was most abundant in the control asymptomatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martín
- Plant Protection Department, Scientific and Technological Research Centre of Extremadura (CICYTEX), 06187 Guadajira, Spain
| | - Blanca García-García
- Plant Protection Department, Scientific and Technological Research Centre of Extremadura (CICYTEX), 06187 Guadajira, Spain
| | - María del Mar Alguacil
- CSIC-Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Campus de Espinardo, 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Wallis CM, Gorman Z, Galarneau ERA, Baumgartner K. Mixed infections of fungal trunk pathogens and induced systemic phenolic compound production in grapevines. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:1001143. [PMID: 37746162 PMCID: PMC10512385 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.1001143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
As grapevines mature in California vineyards they accumulate chronic wood infections by the Ascomycete fungi that cause trunk diseases, including Botryosphaeria dieback (caused by Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum) and Esca (caused by Phaeomoniella chlamydospora). It is thought that such mixed infections become localized to separate internal lesions/cankers of the permanent, woody structure of an individual vine, but nonetheless the fungi all colonize the same vascular system. In response to infection by one pathogen, the host may initiate systemic biochemical changes, which in turn may affect the extent of subsequent infections by other pathogens. To test this hypothesis, we measured changes in phenolic compounds in the wood and lesion lengths of the pathogens, during sequential co-inoculations with different or identical pair-wise sequences of infection by D. seriata, N. parvum, or P. chlamydospora. Prior fungal infections only affected the development of subsequent D. seriata infections. Effects of fungal infections on phenolic compounds were variable, yet initial infection by D. seriata was associated with significantly higher concentrations of most phenolic compounds distally, compared to all other initial inoculation treatments. It was hypothesized that pre-existing phenolic levels can slow initial lesion development of fungal trunk pathogens, especially for D. seriata, but over time the pathogens appeared to overcome or neutralize phenolic compounds and grow unimpeded. These results demonstrate that effects of one fungal trunk pathogen infection is generally unable to distally affect another long-term, albeit shifts in host phenolics and other plant defenses do occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Wallis
- Crop Diseases, Pest and Genetics Research Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Parlier, CA, United States
| | - Zachary Gorman
- Crop Diseases, Pest and Genetics Research Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, Parlier, CA, United States
| | - Erin R. -A. Galarneau
- Plant Genetics Resources Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Geneva, NY, United States
| | - Kendra Baumgartner
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, United States
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Fungal Grapevine Trunk Diseases in Romanian Vineyards in the Context of the International Situation. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11091006. [PMID: 36145437 PMCID: PMC9503734 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera, known as the common grape vine, represents one of the most important fruit crops in the world. Romania is a wine-producing country with a rich and long tradition in viticulture. In the last decade, increasing reports of damage caused by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) have raised concerns in all wine producing countries. Up to now, no study was performed regarding the GTDs situation in Romania, an important grapevine grower in Europe. In this study, we aim, after a comprehensive presentation of the fungal GTDs worldwide, to review the scientific information related to these diseases in Romania in order to open a national platform in an international framework. In order to achieve this, we consulted over 500 references from different scientific databases and cited 309 of them. Our review concludes that, in Romania, there is little amount of available literature on this matter. Three out of six fungal GTDs are reported and well documented in all of the Romanian viticultural zones (except for viticultural zone 4). These are Eutypa dieback, Phomopsis dieback, and Esca disease. Of the fungal pathogens considered responsible Eutypa lata, Phomopsis viticola and Stereum hirsutum are the most studied and well documented in Romania. Management measures are quite limited, and they mostly include preventive measures to stop the GTDs spread and the removal of affected grapevines.
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Shin S, Kim JE, Son H. Identification and Characterization of Fungal Pathogens Associated with Boxwood Diseases in the Republic of Korea. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:304-312. [PMID: 35953050 PMCID: PMC9372100 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2022.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Boxwood is a representative ornamental shrub that is widely used in landscaping horticulture. After pruning, damaged leaves or stems of boxwoods are unavoidably vulnerable to infection by various plant pathogens. Several boxwood diseases caused by fungi, such as Volutella blight and Macrophoma leaf spot, have been reported worldwide including Republic of Korea. In this study, we isolated and identified fungal pathogens of boxwood diseases that occurred in Korea and characterized their morphological and taxonomic characteristics. Boxwood samples showing blight symptoms were collected in Seoul, Republic of Korea, and the putative fungal pathogens Pseudonectria buxi, P. foliicola, and Neofusicoccum buxi were successfully identified. Investigation of the morphological features of the field isolates, including mycelial growth and conidial morphology, and phylogenetic analysis of multiple DNA barcode loci revealed that there were some morphological and genetic variations among isolates, but all of the analyzed isolates were closely related to the corresponding reference strains. We also found that P. foliicola strains were more virulent than P. buxi, and the N. buxi strains isolated in this study were weak pathogens or saprophytes. The results of our study will contribute to the development of control strategies for boxwood diseases caused by fungi and accelerate research on the complex ecology of boxwood diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soobin Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Hokyoung Son
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
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20
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Xia G, Manawasinghe IS, Phillips AJL, You C, Jayawardena RS, Luo M, Hyde KD. Lasiodiplodia fici sp. nov., Causing Leaf Spot on Ficus altissima in China. Pathogens 2022; 11:840. [PMID: 36014960 PMCID: PMC9412989 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High temperatures and the seasonality in tropical ecosystems favours plant pathogens, which result in many fungal diseases. Among these, diseases caused by Botryosphaeriaceae species are prominent as dieback, canker and leaf spots. In this research, we isolated one leaf-spot-causing Botryosphaeriaceae species from Ficus altissima leaves, which were collected in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Isolation and identification of the pathogen were based on morphological and molecular aspects. Based on multigene phylogenetic analysis of combined internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1) and beta-tubulin gene (tub2), the fungus associated with leaf spots on F. altissima is described as Lasiodiplodia fici, a novel species. Pathogenicity assays were conducted by inoculating the fungus onto detached shoots and plants under controlled environmental conditions. The results revealed that the L. fici isolates can infect the plant tissues under stress conditions by developing disease symptoms on detached shoots within three days. However, when it was inoculated onto the leaves of the host and grown in natural conditions, the progression of the disease was slow. The putative pathogen was re-isolated, and Koch's assumptions were satisfied. This is the first report of Lasiodiplodia species causing disease on Ficus altissima. Results from the present study will provide additional knowledge on fungal pathogens associated with forest and ornamental plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuiYan Xia
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (G.X.); (I.S.M.); (C.Y.)
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Ishara S. Manawasinghe
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (G.X.); (I.S.M.); (C.Y.)
| | - Alan J. L. Phillips
- Faculdade de Ciências, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - ChunPing You
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (G.X.); (I.S.M.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ruvishika S. Jayawardena
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Mei Luo
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (G.X.); (I.S.M.); (C.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Green Prevention and Control in South-China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; (G.X.); (I.S.M.); (C.Y.)
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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21
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A Putative Effector LtCSEP1 from Lasiodiplodia theobromae Inhibits BAX-Triggered Cell Death and Suppresses Immunity Responses in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111462. [PMID: 35684232 PMCID: PMC9182993 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a causal agent of grapevine trunk disease, and it poses a significant threat to the grape industry worldwide. Fungal effectors play an essential role in the interaction between plants and pathogens. However, few studies have been conducted to understand the functions of individual effectors in L. theobromae. In this study, we identified and characterized a candidate secreted effector protein, LtCSEP1, in L. theobromae. Gene expression analysis suggested that transcription of LtCSEP1 in L. theobromae was induced at the early infection stages in the grapevine. Yeast secretion assay revealed that LtCSEP1 contains a functional signal peptide. Transient expression of LtCSEP1 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppresses BAX-trigged cell death and significantly inhibits the flg22-induced PTI-associated gene expression. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of LtCSEP1 in N. benthamiana enhanced disease susceptibility to L. theobromae by downregulating the defense-related genes. These results demonstrated that LtCSEP1 is a potential effector of L. theobromae, which contributes to suppressing the plant’s defenses.
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22
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Current Insight into Traditional and Modern Methods in Fungal Diversity Estimates. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030226. [PMID: 35330228 PMCID: PMC8955040 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are an important and diverse component in various ecosystems. The methods to identify different fungi are an important step in any mycological study. Classical methods of fungal identification, which rely mainly on morphological characteristics and modern use of DNA based molecular techniques, have proven to be very helpful to explore their taxonomic identity. In the present compilation, we provide detailed information on estimates of fungi provided by different mycologistsover time. Along with this, a comprehensive analysis of the importance of classical and molecular methods is also presented. In orderto understand the utility of genus and species specific markers in fungal identification, a polyphasic approach to investigate various fungi is also presented in this paper. An account of the study of various fungi based on culture-based and cultureindependent methods is also provided here to understand the development and significance of both approaches. The available information on classical and modern methods compiled in this study revealed that the DNA based molecular studies are still scant, and more studies are required to achieve the accurate estimation of fungi present on earth.
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23
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Diversity of Endophytes in the Botryosphaeriaceae Differs on Anacardiaceae in Disturbed and Undisturbed Ecosystems in South Africa. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Botryosphaeriaceae represents a diverse family of fungi with a cosmopolitan distribution and a wide host range. We studied species diversity and overlap of Botryosphaeriaceae on selected tree species of Anacardiaceae in disturbed (farming or forestry) and undisturbed (isolated and/or protected) ecosystems in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces, South Africa. The disturbed sites resided at Tshikundamalema and Tshipise in Limpopo and the undisturbed sites at Nwanedi and the Mapungubwe National Park in Limpopo and the Kruger National Park in Mpumalanga. Asymptomatic branches were collected from Mangifera indica, Sclerocarya birrea and Lannea schweinfurthii trees in 2017 and 2018. Eleven species were identified using a multi-gene sequencing approach, including Diplodia allocellula, Dothiorella brevicollis, Do. dulcispinae, Do. viticola, Lasiodiplodia crassispora, L. exigua, L. gonubiensis, L. mahajangana, Neofusicoccum parvum, Oblongocollomyces sp. 1 and Oblongocollomyces sp. 2. Ten of the 11 species were identified in undisturbed ecosystems (eight species being unique), while only three species were identified in disturbed ecosystems (one species being unique). Two species were generalists on trees in disturbed and undisturbed ecosystems. Lasiodiplodia mahajangana was the most dominant species as it occurred on the three tree species of Anacardiaceae. Isolates of N. parvum occurred on both S. birrea (a native species) and M. indica (a non-native species) that occurred adjacent to each other in disturbed ecosystems, confirming the ability of this invasive pathogen to cross-infect native and non-native hosts and its abundance in human-disturbed environments. The findings from this study confirm the lack of host specificity for most species of Botryosphaeriaceae. The results also indicate that disturbance through human activity, such as clear-cutting, selective cutting and land-use changes, negatively influences the diversity of the Botryosphaeriaceae.
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Suwannarach N, Khuna S, Kumla J, Cheewangkoon R, Suttiprapan P, Lumyong S. Morphology Characterization, Molecular Identification, and Pathogenicity of Fungal Pathogen Causing Kaffir Lime Leaf Blight in Northern Thailand. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:273. [PMID: 35161253 PMCID: PMC8838810 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thailand is known to be the largest producer of kaffir lime leaf products in the global market. In 2021, leaf blight was found on kaffir lime plants (Citrus hystrix DC.) in Lamphun Province of northern Thailand. This disease has been associated with significant economic losses. However, there have been no prior reports of leaf blight on kaffir lime plants in Thailand or anywhere else in the world. In this study, causal fungi were isolated from lesions of kaffir lime plants and a total of three fungal isolates were obtained. All causal fungi were identified as Lasiodiplodia chinensis based on morphological characteristics and the phylogenetic analysis of combined sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef-1), β-tubulin (tub), and RNA polymerase II subunit (rbp2) genes. Pathogenicity tests were conducted and the results revealed that all isolated fungi caused symptoms of leaf blight on inoculated leaves. This outcome was similar to symptoms that naturally occur and have been observed in the field. This is the first report on kaffir lime leaf blight caused by L. chinensis. Our study will provide information of high value for the development of effective strategies for the monitoring and prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakarin Suwannarach
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.K.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Surapong Khuna
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.K.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.K.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.K.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Piyawan Suttiprapan
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.K.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.K.); (R.C.); (P.S.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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25
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Arkam M, Alves A, Lopes A, Čechová J, Pokluda R, Eichmeier A, Zitouni A, Mahamedi AE, Berraf-Tebbal A. Diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae causing grapevine trunk diseases and their spatial distribution under different climatic conditions in Algeria. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 161:933-952. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s10658-021-02377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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26
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van Dyk M, Spies CFJ, Mostert L, van der Rijst M, du Plessis IL, Moyo P, van Jaarsveld WJ, Halleen F. Pathogenicity Testing of Fungal Isolates Associated with Olive Trunk Diseases in South Africa. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:4060-4073. [PMID: 34156267 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1837-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A recent olive trunk disease survey performed in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, identified several fungi associated with olive trunk disease symptoms, including species of Basidiomycota, Botryosphaeriaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Calosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae, Diatrypaceae, Phaeomoniellaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Symbiotaphrinaceae, Togniniaceae, and Valsaceae. Many of the species recovered had not yet been reported from olive trees; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine their pathogenicity toward this host. Pathogenicity tests were first conducted on detached shoots to select virulent isolates, which were then used in field trials. During field trials, 2-year-old olive branches of 15-year-old trees were inoculated by inserting colonized agar plugs into artificially wounded tissue. Measurements were made of the internal lesions after 8 months. In total, 58 isolates were selected for the field trials. Species that formed lesions significantly larger than the control could be considered as olive trunk pathogens. These included Biscogniauxia rosacearum, Celerioriella umnquma, Coniochaeta velutina, Coniothyrium ferrarisianum, isolates of the Cytospora pruinosa complex, Didymocyrtis banksiae, Diaporthe foeniculina, Eutypa lata, Fomitiporella viticola, Neofusicoccum stellenboschiana, Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme, Neophaeomoniella niveniae, Phaeoacremonium africanum, Phaeoacremonium minimum, Phaeoacremonium oleae, Phaeoacremonium parasiticum, Phaeoacremonium prunicola, Phaeoacremonium scolyti, Phaeoacremonium spadicum, Pleurostoma richardsiae, Pseudophaeomoniella globosa, Punctularia atropurpurascens, Vredendaliella oleae, an undescribed Cytospora sp., Geosmithia sp., two undescribed Neofusicoccum spp., and four Xenocylindrosporium spp. Pseudophaeomoniella globosa can be regarded as one of the main olive trunk pathogens in South Africa because of its high incidence from olive trunk disease symptoms in established orchards and its high virulence in pathogenicity trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan van Dyk
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Christoffel F J Spies
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
| | - Lizel Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | | | - Ihan L du Plessis
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Providence Moyo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Wynand J van Jaarsveld
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Francois Halleen
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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27
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Reis P, Gaspar A, Alves A, Fontaine F, Rego C. Combining an HA + Cu (II) Site-Targeted Copper-Based Product with a Pruning Wound Protection Program to Prevent Infection with Lasiodiplodia spp. in Grapevine. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2376. [PMID: 34834739 PMCID: PMC8625631 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Lasiodiplodia has been reported from several grape growing regions and is considered as one of the fastest wood colonizers, causing Botryosphaeria dieback. The aim of this study was to (i) evaluate the efficacy of Esquive®, a biocontrol agent, on vineyard pruning wound protection, applied single or, in a combined protection strategy with a new site-targeted copper-based treatment (LC2017), and (ii) compare their efficacy with chemical protection provided by the commercially available product, Tessior®. For two seasons, protectants were applied onto pruning wounds, while LC2017 was applied throughout the season according to the manufacturer's instructions. Pruning wounds of two different cultivars were inoculated with three isolates of Lasiodiplodia spp. Efficacy of the wound protectants, varied between both years of the assay and according to the cultivar studied but were able to control the pathogen to some extent. The application of LC2017 did not show clear evidence of improving the control obtained by the sole application of the other products tested. Nevertheless, LC2017 showed a fungistatic effect against Lasiodiplodia spp., in vitro, and has previously shown an elicitor effect against grapevine trunk diseases. Therefore, this combination of two protection strategies may constitute a promising long-term approach to mitigate the impact of Botryosphaeria dieback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Reis
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Ana Gaspar
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Artur Alves
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Florence Fontaine
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes EA 4707, BP 1039, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France;
| | - Cecília Rego
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (C.R.)
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28
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Dissanayake AJ, Chen YY, Cheewangkoon R, Liu JK. Occurrence and Morpho-Molecular Identification of Botryosphaeriales Species from Guizhou Province, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:893. [PMID: 34829182 PMCID: PMC8618807 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeriales is an important order of diverse fungal pathogens, saprobes, and endophytes distributed worldwide. Recent studies of Botryosphaeriales in China have discovered a broad range of species, some of which have not been formerly described. In this study, 60 saprobic isolates were obtained from decaying woody hosts in southwestern China. The isolates were compared with other species using morphological characteristics, and available DNA sequence data was used to infer phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit rRNA gene (LSU), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef) loci. Three novel species were illustrated and described as Botryobambusa guizhouensis, Sardiniella elliptica, and Sphaeropsis guizhouensis, which belong to rarely identified genera within Botryosphaeriaceae. Botryobambusa guizhouensis is the second species identified from the respective monotypic genus. The previously known species were identified as Aplosporella hesperidica, Barriopsis tectonae, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia mutila, Di. neojuniperi, Di. pseudoseriata, Di. sapinea, Di. seriata, Dothiorella sarmentorum, Do. yunnana, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Neofusicoccum parvum, Sardiniella celtidis, Sa. guizhouensis, and Sphaeropsis citrigena. The results of this study indicate that numerous species of Botryosphaeriales are yet to be revealed in southwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha J. Dissanayake
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
| | - Ya-Ya Chen
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Jian-Kui Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China;
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
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29
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Crous PW, Rossman AY, Aime MC, Allen WC, Burgess T, Groenewald JZ, Castlebury LA. Names of Phytopathogenic Fungi: A Practical Guide. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1500-1508. [PMID: 33487022 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-20-0512-per] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using the correct name for phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes is essential for communicating knowledge about species and their biology, control, and quarantine as well as for trade and research purposes. However, many plant pathogenic fungi are pleomorphic, meaning they produce different asexual (anamorph) and sexual (teleomorph) morphs in their life cycles. Therefore, more than one name has been applied to different morphs of the same species, which has confused users. The onset of DNA technologies makes it possible to connect different morphs of the same species, resulting in a move to a more natural classification system for fungi in which a single name for a genus and species can now be used. This move to a single nomenclature, coupled with the advent of molecular systematics and the introduction of polythetic taxonomic approaches, has been the main driving force for a reclassification of fungi, including pathogens. Nonetheless, finding the correct name for species remains challenging. In this article we outline a series of steps or considerations to greatly simplify this process and provide links to various online databases and resources to aid in determining the correct name. Additionally, a list of accurate names is provided for the most common genera and species of phytopathogenic fungi.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research Centre, Laboratory of Phytopathology, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amy Y Rossman
- Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, U.S.A
| | - M Catherine Aime
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A
| | - W Cavan Allen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity & Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A
| | - Treena Burgess
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia
| | | | - Lisa A Castlebury
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity & Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A
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30
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Dieback and decline pathogens of olive trees in South Africa. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 2021; 45:196-220. [PMID: 34456377 PMCID: PMC8375345 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Trunk disease fungal pathogens reduce olive production globally by causing cankers, dieback, and other decline-related symptoms on olive trees. Very few fungi have been reported in association with olive dieback and decline in South Africa. Many of the fungal species reported from symptomatic olive trees in other countries have broad host ranges and are known to occur on other woody host plants in the Western Cape province, the main olive production region of South Africa. This survey investigated the diversity of fungi and symptoms associated with olive dieback and decline in South Africa. Isolations were made from internal wood symptoms of 145 European and 42 wild olive trees sampled in 10 and 9 districts, respectively. A total of 99 taxa were identified among 440 fungal isolates using combinations of morphological and molecular techniques. A new species of Pseudophaeomoniella, P. globosa, had the highest incidence, being recovered from 42.8 % of European and 54.8 % of wild olive samples. This species was recovered from 9 of the 10 districts where European olive trees were sampled and from all districts where wild olive trees were sampled. Members of the Phaeomoniellales (mainly P. globosa) were the most prevalent fungi in five of the seven symptom types considered, the only exceptions being twig dieback, where members of the Botryosphaeriaceae were more common, and soft/white rot where only Basidiomycota were recovered. Several of the species identified are known as pathogens of olives or other woody crops either in South Africa or elsewhere in the world, including species of Neofusicoccum, Phaeoacremonium, and Pleurostoma richardsiae. However, 81 of the 99 taxa identified have not previously been recorded on olive trees and have unknown interactions with this host. These taxa include one new genus and several putative new species, of which four are formally described as Celerioriella umnquma sp. nov., Pseudophaeomoniella globosa sp. nov., Vredendaliella oleae gen. & sp. nov., and Xenocylindrosporium margaritarum sp. nov.
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31
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Nagel JH, Wingfield MJ, Slippers B. Increased abundance of secreted hydrolytic enzymes and secondary metabolite gene clusters define the genomes of latent plant pathogens in the Botryosphaeriaceae. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:589. [PMID: 34348651 PMCID: PMC8336260 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Botryosphaeriaceae are important plant pathogens, but also have the ability to establish asymptomatic infections that persist for extended periods in a latent state. In this study, we used comparative genome analyses to shed light on the genetic basis of the interactions of these fungi with their plant hosts. For this purpose, we characterised secreted hydrolytic enzymes, secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters and general trends in genomic architecture using all available Botryosphaeriaceae genomes, and selected Dothideomycetes genomes. Results The Botryosphaeriaceae genomes were rich in carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), proteases, lipases and secondary metabolic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) compared to other Dothideomycete genomes. The genomes of Botryosphaeria, Macrophomina, Lasiodiplodia and Neofusicoccum, in particular, had gene expansions of the major constituents of the secretome, notably CAZymes involved in plant cell wall degradation. The Botryosphaeriaceae genomes were shown to have moderate to high GC contents and most had low levels of repetitive DNA. The genomes were not compartmentalized based on gene and repeat densities, but genes of secreted enzymes were slightly more abundant in gene-sparse regions. Conclusion The abundance of secreted hydrolytic enzymes and secondary metabolite BGCs in the genomes of Botryosphaeria, Macrophomina, Lasiodiplodia, and Neofusicoccum were similar to those in necrotrophic plant pathogens and some endophytes of woody plants. The results provide a foundation for comparative genomic analyses and hypotheses to explore the mechanisms underlying Botryosphaeriaceae host-plant interactions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07902-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H Nagel
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Michael J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Bernard Slippers
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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Hattori Y, Ando Y, Nakashima C. Taxonomical re-examination of the genus Neofusicoccum in Japan. MYCOSCIENCE 2021; 62:250-259. [PMID: 37092171 PMCID: PMC9721510 DOI: 10.47371/mycosci.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neofusicoccum is a genus of plant pathogenic fungi associated with various woody plants. Since Neofusicoccum has very similar morphological characteristics to the genus Botryospaheria, molecular phylogenetic analysis is essential to determine its taxonomic position. In Japan, a comprehensive taxonomic study of the genus Neofusicoccum has not been conducted. To elucidate the species diversity in Japan, we reexamined Japanese isolates of Neofusicoccum based on their morphology and molecular phylogenetic relationships, using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions rpb2, tef1-α, and tub2. The Japanese isolates were divided into five clades recognized as the species. These species were N. parvum, other Neofusicoccum spp., and three new species proposed in this study, N. hyperici, N. miyakoense, and N. okinawaense. Furthermore, Physalospora laricina, which causes shoot blight of larch (Larix spp.), was transferred to the genus Neofusicoccum, and we propose its epitype and ex-epitype isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Hattori
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Yuho Ando
- Department of Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)
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Tennakoon DS, Kuo CH, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Thambugala KM, Gentekaki E, Phillips AJL, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, de Silva NI, Promputtha I, Hyde KD. Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to Celtis formosana, Ficus ampelas, F. septica, Macaranga tanarius and Morus australis leaf litter inhabiting microfungi. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00474-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Aloi F, Riolo M, Parlascino R, Pane A, Cacciola SO. Bot Gummosis of Lemon ( Citrus × limon) Caused by Neofusicoccum parvum. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:294. [PMID: 33919689 PMCID: PMC8070449 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neofusicoccum parvum, in the family Botryosphaeriaceae, was identified as the causal agent of bot gummosis of lemon (Citrus × limon) trees, in the two major lemon-producing regions in Italy. Gummy cankers on trunk and scaffold branches of mature trees were the most typical disease symptoms. Neofusicoccum parvum was the sole fungus constantly and consistently isolated from the canker bark of symptomatic lemon trees. It was identified on the basis of morphological characters and the phylogenetic analysis of three loci, i.e., the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) as well as the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and β-tubulin (TUB2) genes. The pathogenicity of N. parvum was demonstrated by wound inoculating two lemon cultivars, 'Femminello 2kr' and 'Monachello', as well as citrange (C. sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata) 'Carrizo' rootstock. In artificial inoculations, the fungus was very aggressive on lemons and weakly virulent on citrange, consistently with symptoms observed in the field as a consequence of natural infections. This is the first report of N. parvum, both in a wide and in a strict taxonomic sense, as a pathogen of lemon in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Aloi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.A.); (M.R.); (R.P.)
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Riolo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.A.); (M.R.); (R.P.)
- Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis, Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit-Rende CS (CREA-OFA), 87036 Rende, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Rossana Parlascino
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.A.); (M.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Antonella Pane
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.A.); (M.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Santa Olga Cacciola
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.A.); (M.R.); (R.P.)
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Brewer MT, Cameron CJ, Chan CT, Dutta B, Gitaitis RD, Grauke LJ, Brock JH, Brenneman TB. Neofusicoccum caryigenum, a new species causing leaf dieback disease of pecan ( Carya illinoinensis). Mycologia 2021; 113:586-598. [PMID: 33783338 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2021.1880216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neofusicoccum species are endophytes and pathogens of woody hosts and members of the Botryosphaeriaceae. Leaf dieback is a new disease resulting in death of compound leaves and extensive defoliation of pecan trees (Carya illinoinensis) throughout the southeastern United States. Currently, the disease is consistently most severe on trees that are not managed with fungicides for pecan scab. Preliminary observations of the fungus isolated from symptomatic leaves indicated that it was a member of the genus Neofusicoccum. Our objectives were to confirm that this is the causal organism of leaf dieback disease of pecan and to determine whether this disease is caused by a new or previously described species of Neofusicoccum. Morphological observations of pure cultures, conidiomata, conidiogenous cells, and conidia were consistent with members of the genus Neofusicoccum. Using Koch's postulates, we established that Neofusicoccum sp. isolated from symptomatic leaves caused the disease. We sequenced the internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA (ITS), elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and β-tubulin (TUB2) of 11 isolates collected from Georgia and Texas. Phylogenetic and network analyses of these sequences combined with publicly available sequences of 40 members of the N. parvum-N. ribis species complex and the outgroup N. australe revealed that this fungus is a member of the species complex but is genetically distinct from previously described species. We determined that leaf dieback of pecan is caused by a novel species, named herein N. caryigenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin T Brewer
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Courtney J Cameron
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Cynthia T Chan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Bhabesh Dutta
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia 31793
| | - Ronald D Gitaitis
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia 31793
| | - L J Grauke
- Pecan Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Somerville, Texas 77879
| | - Jason H Brock
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia 31793
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Bezerra JDP, Crous PW, Aiello D, Gullino ML, Polizzi G, Guarnaccia V. Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae Species Associated with Symptomatic Citrus Plants in Europe. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:492. [PMID: 33807726 PMCID: PMC7999779 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study represents the first survey studying the occurrence, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with symptomatic citrus species in citrus-production areas in five European countries. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and β-tubulin (TUB2) genes, nine species were identified as belonging to the genera Diplodia, Dothiorella, Lasiodiplodia, and Neofusicoccum. Isolates of Neofusicoccum parvum and Diplodia pseudoseriata were the most frequently detected, while Dothiorella viticola had the widest distribution, occurring in four of the five countries sampled. Representative isolates of the nine Botryosphaeriaceae species used in the pathogenicity tests caused similar symptoms to those observed in nature. Isolates assayed were all re-isolated, thereby fulfilling Koch's postulates. Isolates of Diplodia pseudoseriata and Diplodia olivarum are recorded for the first time on citrus and all species found in our study, except N. parvum, are reported for the first time on citrus in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadson Diogo Pereira Bezerra
- Setor de Micologia, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Rua 235, s/n, Setor Universitário, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil;
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Pedro Wilhelm Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Dalia Aiello
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, sez. Patologia Vegetale, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (D.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Lodovica Gullino
- Centre for Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, AGROINNOVA, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
| | - Giancarlo Polizzi
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, sez. Patologia Vegetale, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (D.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Vladimiro Guarnaccia
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Centre for Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, AGROINNOVA, University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
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Boonmee S, Wanasinghe DN, Calabon MS, Huanraluek N, Chandrasiri SKU, Jones GEB, Rossi W, Leonardi M, Singh SK, Rana S, Singh PN, Maurya DK, Lagashetti AC, Choudhary D, Dai YC, Zhao CL, Mu YH, Yuan HS, He SH, Phookamsak R, Jiang HB, Martín MP, Dueñas M, Telleria MT, Kałucka IL, Jagodziński AM, Liimatainen K, Pereira DS, Phillips AJL, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Khuna S, Lumyong S, Potter TB, Shivas RG, Sparks AH, Vaghefi N, Abdel-Wahab MA, Abdel-Aziz FA, Li GJ, Lin WF, Singh U, Bhatt RP, Lee HB, Nguyen TTT, Kirk PM, Dutta AK, Acharya K, Sarma VV, Niranjan M, Rajeshkumar KC, Ashtekar N, Lad S, Wijayawardene NN, Bhat DJ, Xu RJ, Wijesinghe SN, Shen HW, Luo ZL, Zhang JY, Sysouphanthong P, Thongklang N, Bao DF, Aluthmuhandiram JVS, Abdollahzadeh J, Javadi A, Dovana F, Usman M, Khalid AN, Dissanayake AJ, Telagathoti A, Probst M, Peintner U, Garrido-Benavent I, Bóna L, Merényi Z, Boros L, Zoltán B, Stielow JB, Jiang N, Tian CM, Shams E, Dehghanizadeh F, Pordel A, Javan-Nikkhah M, Denchev TT, Denchev CM, Kemler M, Begerow D, Deng CY, Harrower E, Bozorov T, Kholmuradova T, Gafforov Y, Abdurazakov A, Xu JC, Mortimer PE, Ren GC, Jeewon R, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Phukhamsakda C, Mapook A, Hyde KD. Fungal diversity notes 1387-1511: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021; 111:1-335. [PMID: 34899100 PMCID: PMC8648402 DOI: 10.1007/s13225-021-00489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein 125 taxa from four phyla, ten classes, 31 orders, 69 families, 92 genera and three genera incertae sedis are treated, demonstrating worldwide and geographic distribution. Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera, 69 new species, one new combination, one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions. Three new genera, Cylindrotorula (Torulaceae), Scolecoleotia (Leotiales genus incertae sedis) and Xenovaginatispora (Lindomycetaceae) are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique morphologies. Newly described species are Aspergillus lannaensis, Cercophora dulciaquae, Cladophialophora aquatica, Coprinellus punjabensis, Cortinarius alutarius, C. mammillatus, C. quercoflocculosus, Coryneum fagi, Cruentomycena uttarakhandina, Cryptocoryneum rosae, Cyathus uniperidiolus, Cylindrotorula indica, Diaporthe chamaeropicola, Didymella azollae, Diplodia alanphillipsii, Dothiora coronicola, Efibula rodriguezarmasiae, Erysiphe salicicola, Fusarium queenslandicum, Geastrum gorgonicum, G. hansagiense, Helicosporium sexualis, Helminthosporium chiangraiensis, Hongkongmyces kokensis, Hydrophilomyces hydraenae, Hygrocybe boertmannii, Hyphoderma australosetigerum, Hyphodontia yunnanensis, Khaleijomyces umikazeana, Laboulbenia divisa, Laboulbenia triarthronis, Laccaria populina, Lactarius pallidozonarius, Lepidosphaeria strobelii, Longipedicellata megafusiformis, Lophiotrema lincangensis, Marasmius benghalensis, M. jinfoshanensis, M. subtropicus, Mariannaea camelliae, Melanographium smilaxii, Microbotryum polycnemoides, Mimeomyces digitatus, Minutisphaera thailandensis, Mortierella solitaria, Mucor harpali, Nigrograna jinghongensis, Odontia huanrenensis, O. parvispina, Paraconiothyrium ajrekarii, Parafuscosporella niloticus, Phaeocytostroma yomensis, Phaeoisaria synnematicus, Phanerochaete hainanensis, Pleopunctum thailandicum, Pleurotheciella dimorphospora, Pseudochaetosphaeronema chiangraiense, Pseudodactylaria albicolonia, Rhexoacrodictys nigrospora, Russula paravioleipes, Scolecoleotia eriocamporesi, Seriascoma honghense, Synandromyces makranczyi, Thyridaria aureobrunnea, Torula lancangjiangensis, Tubeufia longihelicospora, Wicklowia fusiformispora, Xenovaginatispora phichaiensis and Xylaria apiospora. One new combination, Pseudobactrodesmium stilboideus is proposed. A reference specimen of Comoclathris permunda is designated. New host or distribution records are provided for Acrocalymma fici, Aliquandostipite khaoyaiensis, Camarosporidiella laburni, Canalisporium caribense, Chaetoscutula juniperi, Chlorophyllum demangei, C. globosum, C. hortense, Cladophialophora abundans, Dendryphion hydei, Diaporthe foeniculina, D. pseudophoenicicola, D. pyracanthae, Dictyosporium pandanicola, Dyfrolomyces distoseptatus, Ernakulamia tanakae, Eutypa flavovirens, E. lata, Favolus septatus, Fusarium atrovinosum, F. clavum, Helicosporium luteosporum, Hermatomyces nabanheensis, Hermatomyces sphaericoides, Longipedicellata aquatica, Lophiostoma caudata, L. clematidis-vitalbae, Lophiotrema hydei, L. neoarundinaria, Marasmiellus palmivorus, Megacapitula villosa, Micropsalliota globocystis, M. gracilis, Montagnula thailandica, Neohelicosporium irregulare, N. parisporum, Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum, Phaeoisaria aquatica, Poaceascoma taiwanense, Saproamanita manicata, Spegazzinia camelliae, Submersispora variabilis, Thyronectria caudata, T. mackenziei, Tubeufia chiangmaiensis, T. roseohelicospora, Vaginatispora nypae, Wicklowia submersa, Xanthagaricus necopinatus and Xylaria haemorrhoidalis. The data presented herein are based on morphological examination of fresh specimens, coupled with analysis of phylogenetic sequence data to better integrate taxa into appropriate taxonomic ranks and infer their evolutionary relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranyaphat Boonmee
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- CIFOR-ICRAF China Program, World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe County, Kunming, 654400 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - Mark S. Calabon
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Naruemon Huanraluek
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Sajini K. U. Chandrasiri
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Gareth E. B. Jones
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Walter Rossi
- Section Environmental Sciences, Department MeSVA, University of L’Aquila, 67100 Coppito, AQ Italy
| | - Marco Leonardi
- Section Environmental Sciences, Department MeSVA, University of L’Aquila, 67100 Coppito, AQ Italy
| | - Sanjay K. Singh
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Shiwali Rana
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Paras N. Singh
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Deepak K. Maurya
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Ajay C. Lagashetti
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Deepika Choudhary
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Yu-Cheng Dai
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Lin Zhao
- College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164 People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Sheng Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Hui He
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rungtiwa Phookamsak
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- CIFOR-ICRAF China Program, World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe County, Kunming, 654400 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- Centre for Mountain Futures (CMF), Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Bo Jiang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - María P. Martín
- Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Dueñas
- Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Telleria
- Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - Izabela L. Kałucka
- Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland
| | | | - Kare Liimatainen
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS Surrey UK
| | - Diana S. Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alan J. L. Phillips
- Faculdade de Ciências, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Surapong Khuna
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, 10300 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tarynn B. Potter
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
| | - Roger G. Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Adam H. Sparks
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Bentley Delivery Centre, Locked Bag 4, Bentley, WA 6983 Australia
| | - Niloofar Vaghefi
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524 Egypt
| | - Faten A. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524 Egypt
| | - Guo-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, No 2596 South Lekai Rd, Lianchi District, Baoding, 071001 Hebei China
| | - Wen-Fei Lin
- Institute of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang China
| | - Upendra Singh
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, HNB Garhwal University, Uttarakhand 246174 Srinagar, Garhwal, India
| | - Rajendra P. Bhatt
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, HNB Garhwal University, Uttarakhand 246174 Srinagar, Garhwal, India
| | - Hyang Burm Lee
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Thuong T. T. Nguyen
- Environmental Microbiology Lab, Department of Agricultural Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Paul M. Kirk
- Biodiversity Informatics and Spatial Analysis, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS Surrey UK
| | - Arun Kumar Dutta
- Department of Botany, West Bengal State University, North-24-Parganas, Barasat, West Bengal PIN- 700126 India
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - V. Venkateswara Sarma
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014 India
| | - M. Niranjan
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014 India
- Department of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh 791112 India
| | - Kunhiraman C. Rajeshkumar
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Nikhil Ashtekar
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Sneha Lad
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004 India
| | - Nalin N. Wijayawardene
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - Darbe J. Bhat
- Azad Housing Society, No. 128/1-J, Goa Velha, Curca, Goa India
| | - Rong-Ju Xu
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - Subodini N. Wijesinghe
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Hong-Wei Shen
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zong-Long Luo
- College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yi Zhang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Phongeun Sysouphanthong
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- Biotechnology and Ecology Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, P.O. Box: 811, Vientiane Capital, Lao People’s Democratic Republic
| | - Naritsada Thongklang
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Dan-Feng Bao
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Dali University, Dali, 671003 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Janith V. S. Aluthmuhandiram
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management On Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jafar Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, Agriculture Faculty, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Alireza Javadi
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 1454, 19395 Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Muhammad Usman
- Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nasir Khalid
- Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Asha J. Dissanayake
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 People’s Republic of China
| | - Anusha Telagathoti
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maraike Probst
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isaac Garrido-Benavent
- Department of Botany and Geology (Fac. CC. Biológicas) & Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat I Biologia Evolutiva (ICBIBE), Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Lilla Bóna
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - Zsolt Merényi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, 6726 Hungary
| | | | - Bratek Zoltán
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1117 Hungary
| | - J. Benjamin Stielow
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology of Radboud University Medical Centre/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Thermo Fisher Diagnostics, Specialty Diagnostics Group, Landsmeer, The Netherlands
| | - Ning Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ming Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Esmaeil Shams
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Dehghanizadeh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Adel Pordel
- Plant Protection Research Department, Baluchestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan-Nikkhah
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Teodor T. Denchev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Cvetomir M. Denchev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Kemler
- Evolution der Pflanzen und Pilze, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ND 03, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Dominik Begerow
- Evolution der Pflanzen und Pilze, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, ND 03, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Chun-Ying Deng
- Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Shanxi Road No. 1, Yunyan district, 550001 Guiyang, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Tohir Bozorov
- Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, Yukori-Yuz, Kubray Ds, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 111226
| | - Tutigul Kholmuradova
- Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, 32 Durmon Yuli Street, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 100125
| | - Yusufjon Gafforov
- Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, 32 Durmon Yuli Street, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 100125
| | - Aziz Abdurazakov
- Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan, 32 Durmon Yuli Street, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 100125
- Department of Ecology and Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Andijan State University, 12 University Street, Andijan, Uzbekistan 170100
| | - Jian-Chu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- CIFOR-ICRAF China Program, World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Honghe County, Kunming, 654400 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- Centre for Mountain Futures (CMF), Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - Peter E. Mortimer
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- CIFOR-ICRAF China Program, World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Cong Ren
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Republic of Mauritius
| | - Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chayanard Phukhamsakda
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
| | - Ausana Mapook
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201 Yunnan People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Innovative Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510225 People’s Republic of China
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Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Phookamsak R, Wanasinghe DN, McKenzie EHC, Sarma VV, Lücking R, Boonmee S, Bhat JD, Liu NG, Tennakoon DS, Pem D, Karunarathna A, Jiang SH, Jones GEB, Phillips AJL, Manawasinghe IS, Tibpromma S, Jayasiri SC, Sandamali D, Jayawardena RS, Wijayawardene NN, Ekanayaka AH, Jeewon R, Lu YZ, Phukhamsakda C, Dissanayake AJ, Zeng XY, Luo ZL, Tian Q, Thambugala KM, Dai D, Samarakoon MC, Chethana KWT, Ertz D, Doilom M, Liu JK(J, Pérez-Ortega S, Suija A, Senwanna C, Wijesinghe SN, Niranjan M, Zhang SN, Ariyawansa HA, Jiang HB, Zhang JF, Norphanphoun C, de Silva NI, Thiyagaraja V, Zhang H, Bezerra JDP, Miranda-González R, Aptroot A, Kashiwadani H, Harishchandra D, Sérusiaux E, Abeywickrama PD, Bao DF, Devadatha B, Wu HX, Moon KH, Gueidan C, Schumm F, Bundhun D, Mapook A, Monkai J, Bhunjun CS, Chomnunti P, Suetrong S, Chaiwan N, Dayarathne MC, Yang J, Rathnayaka AR, Xu JC, Zheng J, Liu G, Feng Y, Xie N. Refined families of Dothideomycetes: orders and families incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes. FUNGAL DIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-020-00462-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNumerous new taxa and classifications of Dothideomycetes have been published following the last monograph of families of Dothideomycetes in 2013. A recent publication by Honsanan et al. in 2020 expanded information of families in Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae with modern classifications. In this paper, we provide a refined updated document on orders and families incertae sedis of Dothideomycetes. Each family is provided with an updated description, notes, including figures to represent the morphology, a list of accepted genera, and economic and ecological significances. We also provide phylogenetic trees for each order. In this study, 31 orders which consist 50 families are assigned as orders incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes, and 41 families are treated as families incertae sedis due to lack of molecular or morphological evidence. The new order, Catinellales, and four new families, Catinellaceae, Morenoinaceae Neobuelliellaceae and Thyrinulaceae are introduced. Seven genera (Neobuelliella, Pseudomicrothyrium, Flagellostrigula, Swinscowia, Macroconstrictolumina, Pseudobogoriella, and Schummia) are introduced. Seven new species (Acrospermum urticae, Bogoriella complexoluminata, Dothiorella ostryae, Dyfrolomyces distoseptatus, Macroconstrictolumina megalateralis, Patellaria microspora, and Pseudomicrothyrium thailandicum) are introduced base on morphology and phylogeny, together with two new records/reports and five new collections from different families. Ninety new combinations are also provided in this paper.
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Kumarihamy M, Rosa LH, Techen N, Ferreira D, Croom EM, Duke SO, Tekwani BL, Khan S, Nanayakkara NPD. Antimalarials and Phytotoxins from Botryosphaeria dothidea Identified from a Seed of Diseased Torreya taxifolia. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010059. [PMID: 33374444 PMCID: PMC7795089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic pathways in the apicoplast organelle of Plasmodium parasites are similar to those in plastids in plant cells and are suitable targets for malaria drug discovery. Some phytotoxins released by plant pathogenic fungi have been known to target metabolic pathways of the plastid; thus, they may also serve as potential antimalarial drug leads. An EtOAc extract of the broth of the endophyte Botryosphaeria dothidea isolated from a seed collected from a Torreya taxifolia plant with disease symptoms, showed in vitro antimalarial and phytotoxic activities. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the extract afforded a mixture of two known isomeric phytotoxins, FRT-A and flavipucine (or their enantiomers, sapinopyridione and (-)-flavipucine), and two new unstable γ-lactam alkaloids dothilactaenes A and B. The isomeric mixture of phytotoxins displayed strong phytotoxicity against both a dicot and a monocot and moderate cytotoxicity against a panel of cell lines. Dothilactaene A showed no activity. Dothilactaene B was isolated from the active fraction, which showed moderate in vitro antiplasmodial activity with high selectivity index. In spite of this activity, its instability and various other biological activities shown by related compounds would preclude it from being a viable antimalarial lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Kumarihamy
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (N.T.); (B.L.T.); (S.K.)
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (D.F.); (E.M.C.J.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (N.P.D.N.); Tel.: +1-662-915-1661 (M.K.); +1-662-915-1019 (N.P.D.N.)
| | - Luiz H. Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;
| | - Natascha Techen
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (N.T.); (B.L.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (D.F.); (E.M.C.J.)
| | - Edward M. Croom
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (D.F.); (E.M.C.J.)
| | - Stephen O. Duke
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA-ARS, University, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (N.T.); (B.L.T.); (S.K.)
| | - Shabana Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (N.T.); (B.L.T.); (S.K.)
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (D.F.); (E.M.C.J.)
| | - N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (N.T.); (B.L.T.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (N.P.D.N.); Tel.: +1-662-915-1661 (M.K.); +1-662-915-1019 (N.P.D.N.)
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Yuan HS, Lu X, Dai YC, Hyde KD, Kan YH, Kušan I, He SH, Liu NG, Sarma VV, Zhao CL, Cui BK, Yousaf N, Sun G, Liu SY, Wu F, Lin CG, Dayarathne MC, Gibertoni TB, Conceição LB, Garibay-Orijel R, Villegas-Ríos M, Salas-Lizana R, Wei TZ, Qiu JZ, Yu ZF, Phookamsak R, Zeng M, Paloi S, Bao DF, Abeywickrama PD, Wei DP, Yang J, Manawasinghe IS, Harishchandra D, Brahmanage RS, de Silva NI, Tennakoon DS, Karunarathna A, Gafforov Y, Pem D, Zhang SN, de Azevedo Santiago ALCM, Bezerra JDP, Dima B, Acharya K, Alvarez-Manjarrez J, Bahkali AH, Bhatt VK, Brandrud TE, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E, Cao T, Chen YX, Chen YY, Devadatha B, Elgorban AM, Fan LF, Du X, Gao L, Gonçalves CM, Gusmão LFP, Huanraluek N, Jadan M, Jayawardena RS, Khalid AN, Langer E, Lima DX, de Lima-Júnior NC, de Lira CRS, Liu JK(J, Liu S, Lumyong S, Luo ZL, Matočec N, Niranjan M, Oliveira-Filho JRC, Papp V, Pérez-Pazos E, Phillips AJL, Qiu PL, Ren Y, Ruiz RFC, Semwal KC, Soop K, de Souza CAF, Souza-Motta CM, Sun LH, Xie ML, Yao YJ, Zhao Q, Zhou LW. Fungal diversity notes 1277–1386: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. FUNGAL DIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-020-00461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Early Season Symptoms on Stem, Inflorescences and Flowers of Grapevine Associated with Botryosphaeriaceae Species. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111427. [PMID: 33114298 PMCID: PMC7690898 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Botryosphaeria dieback caused by several Botryosphaeriaceae species is one of the most important grapevine trunk diseases affecting vineyards worldwide. These fungi cause wedge-shaped perennial cankers and black streaking of the wood and have also been associated with intervein leaf chlorosis, dried or mummified berries, and eventually, the death of the plant. Early season symptoms may sometimes be disregarded by growers, being mistaken with symptoms from other diseases such as downy mildew or botrytis rot. Currently, few studies are available to determine what species may be causing these early season symptoms in grapevines. During the 2018 season, during the flowering period, grapevine samples showing necrosis on green shoots, dried inflorescences, and flowers, were collected in vineyards throughout the central regions of Portugal. Isolations were performed from symptomatic organs, and twenty-three isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae were selected. An analysis of the ITS and part of the translation elongation factor 1-α sequences was performed, revealing that the two main species apparently responsible for these symptoms were Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum. In pathogenicity tests conducted on 1-year-old plants grown under controlled conditions in a greenhouse and on field-grown clusters, symptoms were reproduced, confirming the pathogenic behavior of the selection of isolates.
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Li G, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Chen S. Variation in Botryosphaeriaceae from Eucalyptus plantations in YunNan Province in southwestern China across a climatic gradient. IMA Fungus 2020; 11:22. [PMID: 33117629 PMCID: PMC7560076 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-020-00043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Botryosphaeriaceae accommodates many important pathogens of woody plants, including Eucalyptus. Recently, Botryosphaeriaceae were isolated from diseased plant parts from surveys of Eucalyptus plantations in the YunNan Province, China. The aims of this study were to identify these Botryosphaeriaceae isolates and to evaluate their pathogenicity to Eucalyptus. A total of 166 isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae were obtained from six regions in the YunNan Province, of which 76 were from Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis hybrids, 49 from E. globulus trees, and 41 isolates were from other unknown Eucalyptus species or hybrids. Isolates were identified by comparing DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA locus (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), β-tubulin 2 (tub2) and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (rpb2) genes, and combined with their morphological characteristics. Eleven species were identified, including Botryosphaeria fusispora, B. wangensis, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense, N. parvum, and six novel species described as B. puerensis, N. dianense, N. magniconidium, N. ningerense, N. parviconidium and N. yunnanense. The dominant species across the regions were N. yunnanense, N. parvum and B. wangensis, representing 31.3, 25.3 and 19.9% of the total isolates, respectively. Species diversity and composition changed across the different climatic zones, despite their relatively close geographic proximity and the fact that some of the species have a global distribution. All the Botryosphaeriaceae species were pathogenic to one-year-old plants of an E. urophylla × E. grandis clone and E. globulus seed-derived plants, but showed significant inter- and intra-species variation in aggressiveness amongst isolates. The study provides a foundation for monitoring and management of Botryosphaeriaceae through selection and breeding of Eucalyptus in the YunNan Province of southwestern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (SKLTGB), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China.,Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa.,China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), ZhanJiang, 524022 GuangDong Province China
| | - Bernard Slippers
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
| | - Michael J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028 South Africa
| | - Shuaifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (SKLTGB), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Haidian District, Beijing, 100091 China.,China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), ZhanJiang, 524022 GuangDong Province China
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Senwanna C, Hongsanan S, Hyde KD, Cheewangkoon R, Konta S, Wang Y. First Report of the Sexual Morph of Pseudofusicoccum adansoniae Pavlic, T.I.Burgess & M.J.Wingf. on Para Rubber. CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOL 2020. [DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2020v41a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chanokned Senwanna
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou (China) and Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 (Thailand)
| | - Sinang Hongsanan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060 (China)
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100 (Thailand) and Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan (Chi
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 (Thailand)
| | - Sirinapa Konta
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100 (Thailand)
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025 Guizhou (China)
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Berraf-Tebbal A, Mahamedi AE, Aigoun-Mouhous W, Špetík M, Čechová J, Pokluda R, Baránek M, Eichmeier A, Alves A. Lasiodiplodia mitidjana sp. nov. and other Botryosphaeriaceae species causing branch canker and dieback of Citrus sinensis in Algeria. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232448. [PMID: 32433708 PMCID: PMC7239386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Botryosphaeriaceae species are known to occur worldwide, causing dieback, canker and fruit rot on various hosts. Surveys conducted in ten commercial citrus orchards in the northern region of Algeria revealed five species of Botryosphaeriaceae belonging to three genera associated with diseased trees. Morphological and cultural characteristics as well as phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α) identified Diplodia mutila, Diplodia seriata, Dothiorella viticola, Lasiodiplodia mediterranea and a novel species which is here described as Lasiodiplodia mithidjana sp. nov.. Of these, L. mithidjana (14.1% of the samples) and L. mediterranea (13% of the samples) were the most widespread and abundant species. Pathogenicity tests revealed that L. mediterranea and D. seriata were the most aggressive species on citrus shoots. This study highlights the importance of Botryosphaeriaceae species as agents of canker and dieback of citrus trees in Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Berraf-Tebbal
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Alla Eddine Mahamedi
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Département des Sciences Naturelles, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba-Alger, Alger, Algeria
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Ghardaïa, Ghardaïa, Algeria
| | - Wassila Aigoun-Mouhous
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Département des Sciences Naturelles, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba-Alger, Alger, Algeria
- Département des Biotechnologies, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Blida, Blida, Algeria
| | - Milan Špetík
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Čechová
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Pokluda
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Baránek
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Eichmeier
- Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Artur Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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45
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Development but not diet alters microbial communities in the Neotropical arboreal trap jaw ant Daceton armigerum: an exploratory study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7350. [PMID: 32355187 PMCID: PMC7192945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the evolutionary significance of symbiotic interactions in nature, microbiome studies can help to identify the ecological factors that may shape host-associated microbial communities. In this study we explored both 16S and 18S rRNA microbial communities of D. armigerum from both wild caught individuals collected in the Amazon and individuals kept in the laboratory and fed on controlled diets. We also investigated the role of colony, sample type, development and caste on structuring microbial communities. Our bacterial results (16S rRNA) reveal that (1) there are colony level differences between bacterial communities; (2) castes do not structure communities; (3) immature stages (brood) have different bacterial communities than adults; and 4) individuals kept in the laboratory with a restricted diet showed no differences in their bacterial communities from their wild caught nest mates, which could indicate the presence of a stable and persistent resident bacterial community in this host species. The same categories were also tested for microbial eukaryote communities (18S rRNA), and (5) developmental stage has an influence on the diversity recovered; (6) the diversity of taxa recovered has shown this can be an important tool to understand additional aspects of host biology and species interactions.
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46
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Mapook A, Hyde KD, McKenzie EHC, Jones EBG, Bhat DJ, Jeewon R, Stadler M, Samarakoon MC, Malaithong M, Tanunchai B, Buscot F, Wubet T, Purahong W. Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungi associated with the invasive weed Chromolaena odorata (Siam weed). FUNGAL DIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-020-00444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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47
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Deepika YS, Mahadevakumar S, Amruthesh KN, Lakshmidevi N. A new collar rot disease of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) caused by Aplosporella hesperidica in India. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:154-163. [PMID: 32255198 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cowpea is an important pulse crop cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. During field survey, a characteristic wilt was observed in around 45 ha of cowpea fields with incidence 17-25%. Infection was seen in pre-flowering stage and infected plants showed quick wilt symptoms with tan lesions near the stem-soil interface. Fungal pathogens associated were isolated on PDA, which produced dark to grey olivaceous colonies in the centre, and aerial mycelia were appressed with floccose and white to smoke-grey. Conidia are aseptate, initially hyaline, smooth-walled, broadly ellipsoidal with rounded ends becoming dark brown. Based on these morphological features, the fungal pathogen was identified as Aplosporella sp. The ITS-rDNA region was amplified using ITS1/ITS4 primers and sequenced. The nBLAST and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the pathogen as Aplosporella hesperidica. The Koch's postulates were performed on 45-days-old cowpea plants with mycelial disc of A. hesperidica. Development of typical necrotic lesions was observed after 28 days of post-inoculation and the pathogen's identity was confirmed based on re-isolation. Efficacy of fungicides evaluated in vitro showed that the pathogen is highly sensitive to systemic fungicides rather than the contact fungicides. The cowpea production was severely affected owing to the causative agent A. hesperidica. The collar rot disease of cowpea by A. hesperidica is the first report in India. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: A new collar rot disease of cowpea recorded from India has been investigated. The necrotic lesions were enlarged and eventually quick wilt and death of the host plant was observed with incidence ranged from 17 to 25%. Associated fungal pathogen was isolated and identified as Aplosporella hesperidica based on morphology and ITS-rDNA sequence analysis. Koch's postulates were performed under greenhouse conditions and in vitro evaluation of fungicides shows that the pathogen is sensitive to systemic fungicides. This is the first report of A. hesperidica causing collar rot disease of cowpea in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Deepika
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.,Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Mahadevakumar
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - K N Amruthesh
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - N Lakshmidevi
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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48
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Li WJ, McKenzie EHC, Liu JK(J, Bhat DJ, Dai DQ, Camporesi E, Tian Q, Maharachchikumbura SSN, Luo ZL, Shang QJ, Zhang JF, Tangthirasunun N, Karunarathna SC, Xu JC, Hyde KD. Taxonomy and phylogeny of hyaline-spored coelomycetes. FUNGAL DIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-020-00440-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Hernández-Restrepo M, Giraldo A, van Doorn R, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ, Barreto RW, Colmán AA, Mansur PSC, Crous PW. The Genera of Fungi - G6: Arthrographis, Kramasamuha, Melnikomyces, Thysanorea, and Verruconis. Fungal Syst Evol 2020; 6:1-24. [PMID: 32904189 PMCID: PMC7451779 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The Genera of Fungi series, of which this is the sixth contribution, links type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data. Five genera of microfungi are treated in this study, with new species introduced in Arthrographis, Melnikomyces, and Verruconis. The genus Thysanorea is emended and two new species and nine combinations are proposed. Kramasamuha sibika, the type species of the genus, is provided with DNA sequence data for first time and shown to be a member of Helminthosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes). Aureoconidiella is introduced as a new genus representing a new lineage in the Dothideomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hernández-Restrepo
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Giraldo
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - R van Doorn
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M J Wingfield
- Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R W Barreto
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A A Colmán
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P S C Mansur
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.,Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
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50
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Serrato-Diaz LM, Aviles-Noriega A, Soto-Bauzó A, Rivera-Vargas LI, Goenaga R, Bayman P. Botryosphaeriaceae Fungi as Causal Agents of Dieback and Corky Bark in Rambutan and Longan. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:105-115. [PMID: 31660800 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-19-0295-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fungi in the Botryosphaeriaceae family cause dieback, fruit rots, and stem cankers in many tropical fruit trees. To identify which species of Botryosphaeriaceae were present in tropical fruit in Puerto Rico and the symptoms they cause in rambutan and longan, a disease survey was conducted throughout the island from 2008 to 2016. Diseased organs of rambutan, longan, mango, and tangerine were collected and 39 isolates belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae family were isolated and identified. Phylogenetic analysis of three nuclear genes identified nine species: six Lasiodiplodia spp. and three Neofusicoccum spp. All 39 isolates were inoculated on healthy 1-year-old rambutan and longan seedlings to confirm their pathogenicity. Dieback on both rambutan and longan was observed at 14 days after inoculation (DAI). Fourteen isolates from seven Botryosphaeriaceae species (Lasiodiplodia brasiliensis, L. hormozganensis, L. iraniensis, L. pseudotheobromae, L. theobromae, Neofusicoccum batangarum, and N. parvum) caused dieback in rambutan. Five of these pathogenic isolates were collected from rambutan, four from longan, two from mango, and three from tangerine. Ten isolates of four Lasiodiplodia spp. caused dieback in longan: L. hormozganensis, L. iraniensis, L. pseudotheobromae and L. theobromae,. Of these, three were collected from rambutan, three from longan, one from mango, and three from tangerine. Abundant development of pycnidia on branches, called corky bark, were observed on both rambutan and longan 60 DAI. Cross-inoculations showed that pathogenicity is wide in spectrum, indicating that different planting alternatives should be considered for better crop management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Soto-Bauzó
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico
| | | | - R Goenaga
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Tropical Agriculture Research Station
| | - P Bayman
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico
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