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Barros J, Kumar S, Seena S. Does functionalised nanoplastics modulate the cellular and physiological responses of aquatic fungi to metals? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122549. [PMID: 37730145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Co-contamination of freshwaters by nanoplastics (NPs; ≤ 1 μm) and metals is an emerging concern. Aquatic hyphomycetes play a crucial role as primary decomposers in these ecosystems. However, concurrent impacts of NPs and metals on the cellular and physiological activities of these fungi remain poorly understood. Here, the effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of two types of polystyrene (PS) NPs (bare and -COOH; up to 25 μg L-1) and copper (Cu; up to 50 μg L-1) individually and all possible combinations (NPs types and Cu) on Articulospora tetracladia, a prevalent aquatic hyphomycete, were investigated. Endpoints measured were intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, plasma membrane disruption and fungal growth. The results suggest that functionalised (-COOH) NPs enhance Cu adsorption, as revealed by spectroscopic analyses. Notably, NPs, Cu and their co-exposure to A. tetracladia can lead to ROS accumulation and plasma membrane disruption. In most cases, exposure to treatments containing -COOH NPs with Cu showed greater cellular response and suppressed fungal growth. By contrast, exposure to Cu individually showed stimulatory effects on fungal growth. Overall, this study provides novel insight that functionalisation of NPs facilitates metal adsorption, thus modulating the impacts of metals on aquatic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Barros
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE)/Rede de Investigação Aquática (ARNET), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Division of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur 208002 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sahadevan Seena
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE)/Rede de Investigação Aquática (ARNET), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
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ITS rDNA Barcodes Clarify Molecular Diversity of Aquatic Hyphomycetes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081569. [PMID: 36013986 PMCID: PMC9415940 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquatic hyphomycetes are key microbial decomposers of allochthonous organic matter in freshwater ecosystems. Although their importance in carbon flow and food webs in streams is widely recognized, there are still gaps in our understanding of their molecular diversity and distribution patterns. Our study utilized the growing database of ITS rDNA barcodes of aquatic hyphomycetes (1252 sequences) and aimed to (i) produce new barcodes for some lesser-known taxa; (ii) clarify the taxonomic placement of some taxa at the class or order level, based on molecular data; and (iii) provide insights into the biogeographical origins of some taxa. This study increased the number of aquatic hyphomycete species with available ITS barcodes from 119 (out of ~300 species described) to 136. Phylogenetically, the 136 species were distributed between 2 phyla, 6 classes, and 10 orders of fungi. Future studies should strive to increase the database of ITS sequences, especially focusing on species with unclear phylogenetic relationships (incertae sedis) and with few sequences available. The geographical distribution of species with available ITS sequences included 50 countries from five continents, but 6 countries had more than 20 species associated, showing a bias toward the northern hemisphere, likely due to sampling bias.
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Perini L, Gostinčar C, Likar M, Frisvad JC, Kostanjšek R, Nicholes M, Williamson C, Anesio AM, Zalar P, Gunde-Cimerman N. Interactions of Fungi and Algae from the Greenland Ice Sheet. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02033-5. [PMID: 35608637 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavily pigmented glacier ice algae Ancylonema nordenskiöldii and Ancylonema alaskanum (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta) reduce the bare ice albedo of the Greenland Ice Sheet, amplifying melt from the largest cryospheric contributor to eustatic sea-level rise. Little information is available about glacier ice algae interactions with other microbial communities within the surface ice environment, including fungi, which may be important for sustaining algal bloom development. To address this substantial knowledge gap and investigate the nature of algal-fungal interactions, an ex situ co-cultivation experiment with two species of fungi, recently isolated from the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet (here proposed new species Penicillium anthracinoglaciei Perini, Frisvad and Zalar, Mycobank (MB 835602), and Articulospora sp.), and the mixed microbial community dominated by glacier ice algae was performed. The utilization of the dark pigment purpurogallin carboxylic acid-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (C18H18O12) by the two fungi was also evaluated in a separate experiment. P. anthracinoglaciei was capable of utilizing and converting the pigment to purpurogallin carboxylic acid, possibly using the sugar moiety as a nutrient source. Furthermore, after 3 weeks of incubation in the presence of P. anthracinoglaciei, a significantly slower decline in the maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm, inverse proxy of algal stress) in glacier ice algae, compared to other treatments, was evident, suggesting a positive relationship between these species. Articulospora sp. did uptake the glycosylated purpurogallin, but did not seem to be involved in its conversion to aglycone derivative. At the end of the incubation experiments and, in conjunction with increased algal mortality, we detected a substantially increasing presence of the zoosporic fungi Chytridiomycota suggesting an important role for them as decomposers or parasites of glacier ice algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Perini
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - C Gostinčar
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - M Likar
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J C Frisvad
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Fungal Chemodiversity, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 221, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - R Kostanjšek
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Nicholes
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - C Williamson
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - A M Anesio
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - P Zalar
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - N Gunde-Cimerman
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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El-Elimat T, Raja HA, Figueroa M, Al Sharie AH, Bunch RL, Oberlies NH. Freshwater Fungi as a Source of Chemical Diversity: A Review. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:898-916. [PMID: 33662206 PMCID: PMC8127292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As their name indicates, freshwater fungi occur on submerged substrates in fresh water habitats. This review brings together the chemical diversity and biological activity of 199 of the 280 known freshwater fungal metabolites published from 1992 to 2020, representing at least seven structural classes, including polyketides, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, meroterpenoids, alkaloids, polypeptides, and monosaccharides. In addition to describing what they are, where they are found, and what they do, we also discuss strategies for the collection, isolation, and identification of fungi from freshwater habitats, with the goal of enhancing chemists' knowledge of several mycological principles. We anticipate that this review will provide a springboard for future natural products studies from this fascinating but underexplored group of Ascomycota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Ahmed H. Al Sharie
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Rick L. Bunch
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Sustainability, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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Seena S, Casotti C, Cornut J. Inter- and intraspecific functional variability of aquatic fungal decomposers and freshwater ecosystem processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 707:135570. [PMID: 31784168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable intraspecific trait variation is common, research dedicated to ecosystem functioning has focused mainly on species diversity. Organic matter breakdown, a key ecosystem-level process in woodland streams is mainly driven by aquatic hyphomycetes. These aquatic fungal decomposers constitute a critical link between plant litter and invertebrate detritivores in detritus-based food webs in streams. In this study, we evaluated the functional variability across a set of ten isolates each belonging to five widespread aquatic hyphomycete species, namely Articulospora tetracladia, Anguillospora crassa, Lemonniera terrestris, Neonectria lugdunensis and Tetracladium marchalianum. All the isolates originated from undisturbed streams. We estimated inter- and intraspecific variability on growth rates, litter decomposition and sporulation rates of the isolates. In addition, we also assessed the invertebrate consumption rates on leaves colonized by different isolates. Significant differences were observed within the fungal species in growth rates (A. crassa, L. terrestris, N. lugdunensis and T. marchalianum), leaf litter decomposition (A. tetracladia, L. terrestris and N. lugdunensis) and sporulation rates (A. crassa, A. tetracladia, L. terrestris and N. lugdunensis). The relative consumption rates of the shredder Schizopelex festiva significantly differed when fed with leaves colonized by isolates of L. terrestris and N. lugdunensis, however differences were not seen when fed with leaves conditioned by different species. Overall, results indicate substantial intraspecific functional variability among the isolates of aquatic hyphomycetes. Besides, our study also provides a novel insight that intraspecific functional variability is a natural phenomenon exhibited by isolates not only from polluted but also from undisturbed streams. Here the isolates demonstrated marked inter- and intraspecific functional variability, calling for a greater understanding of the functional role of aquatic hyphomycetes and its ability to influence higher trophic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahadevan Seena
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, University of Coimbra, PT-3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Cinthia Casotti
- Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Ecology, University of Vila Velha, Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Julien Cornut
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, University of Coimbra, PT-3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, via Mirasole 22A, 6501 Bellinzona, Switzerland
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