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Li Y, Wang X, Chen X, Lu J, Jin Z, Li J. Functions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in regulating endangered species Heptacodium miconioides growth and drought stress tolerance. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1967-1986. [PMID: 37812279 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The important values of AMF in regulating endangered species Heptacodium miconioides growth and drought stress tolerance. The wild endangered tree Heptacodium miconioides is distributed sporadically in mountainous areas and often subjected to various abiotic stresses, such as drought. The mutualistic association between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to have a significant impact on plant growth and their ability to withstand drought conditions. However, the role of AMF in H. miconioides seedlings in regulating drought tolerance remains unknown. This study investigated the ability of AMF symbionts to mitigate drought and their underlying mechanism on H. miconioides leaves. The results showed that drought stress dramatically decreased the leaf biomass and damaged the chloroplast structure in seedlings. Conversely, inoculation with AMF noticeably alleviated the deleterious effects of drought stress by restoring leaf morphology and improving the photosynthetic capacity. Moreover, plants inoculated with AMF enhanced the proportion of palisade tissue to spongy tissue in the leaves and the size of starch grains and number of plastoglobules in the chloroplast ultrastructure. A transcriptomic analysis showed that 2157 genes (691 upregulated and 1466 downregulated) were differentially expressed between drought stress with AMF inoculation and drought treatment. Further examination demonstrated that the genes exhibiting differential expression were predominantly associated with the advancement of photosynthesis, sucrose and starch metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, chloroplast development, and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathways, and the key potential genes were screened. These findings conclusively provided the physiological and molecular mechanisms that underlie improved drought resistance in H. miconioides in the presence of AMF, which could contribute to improving the survival and species conservation of H. miconioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Institute of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Institute of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Institute of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jieyang Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Institute of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Zexin Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
- Institute of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| | - Junmin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
- Institute of Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.
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Busby PE, Newcombe G, Neat AS, Averill C. Facilitating Reforestation Through the Plant Microbiome: Perspectives from the Phyllosphere. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 60:337-356. [PMID: 35584884 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021320-010717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tree planting and natural regeneration contribute to the ongoing effort to restore Earth's forests. Our review addresses how the plant microbiome can enhance the survival of planted and naturally regenerating seedlings and serve in long-term forest carbon capture and the conservation of biodiversity. We focus on fungal leaf endophytes, ubiquitous defensive symbionts that protect against pathogens. We first show that fungal and oomycetous pathogen richness varies greatly for tree species native to the United States (n = 0-876 known pathogens per US tree species), with nearly half of tree species either without pathogens in these major groups or with unknown pathogens. Endophytes are insurance against the poorly known and changing threat of tree pathogens. Next, we review studies of plant phyllosphere feedback, but knowledge gaps prevent us from evaluating whether adding conspecific leaf litter to planted seedlings promotes defensive symbiosis, analogous to adding soil to promote positive feedback. Finally, we discuss research priorities for integrating the plant microbiome into efforts to expand Earth's forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Posy E Busby
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA;
| | - George Newcombe
- Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Abigail S Neat
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA;
| | - Colin Averill
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Quek ZBR, Zahn G, Lee NLY, Ooi JLS, Lee JN, Huang D, Wainwright BJ. Biogeographic structure of fungal communities in seagrass Halophilia ovalis across the Malay Peninsula. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:871-877. [PMID: 34438473 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Distributed across both the tropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the seagrass Halophilia ovalis stabilizes coastal sediment, thereby preventing shoreline erosion and is also an important food source for megaherbivores such as dugongs. However, seagrass meadows globally are under severe duress due to both climate change and anthropogenic activities. We characterized the mycobiome of Halophilia ovalis at seven sites in the Malay Peninsula using ITS1 rDNA amplicon sequences and investigated differences in fungal community structure. We found that geographic location was a significant factor shaping fungal communities and that marine sediment harboured significantly higher diversity when compared to H. ovalis leaves, roots and rhizomes. Taken together, it is likely that locality rather than specific plant structure determines fungal community structure in H. ovalis. Because the plant mycobiome is known to exert a strong effect on plant health, to maximize the success of future seagrass transplantation and restoration work we propose that these efforts consider the importance of seagrass mycobiomes at all stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z B Randolph Quek
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Yale-NUS College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Geoffrey Zahn
- Biology Department, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA
| | - Nicole Li Ying Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jillian Lean Sim Ooi
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jen Nie Lee
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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