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Guo T, Repetto GM, McDonald McGinn DM, Chung JH, Nomaru H, Campbell CL, Blonska A, Bassett AS, Chow EWC, Mlynarski EE, Swillen A, Vermeesch J, Devriendt K, Gothelf D, Carmel M, Michaelovsky E, Schneider M, Eliez S, Antonarakis SE, Coleman K, Tomita-Mitchell A, Mitchell ME, Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B, Marino B, Philip N, Busa T, Kushan-Wells L, Bearden CE, Piotrowicz M, Hawuła W, Roberts AE, Tassone F, Simon TJ, van Duin EDA, van Amelsvoort TA, Kates WR, Zackai E, Johnston HR, Cutler DJ, Agopian AJ, Goldmuntz E, Mitchell LE, Wang T, Emanuel BS, Morrow BE. Genome-Wide Association Study to Find Modifiers for Tetralogy of Fallot in the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Identifies Variants in the GPR98 Locus on 5q14.3. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2017; 10:e001690. [PMID: 29025761 PMCID: PMC5647121 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS; DiGeorge syndrome/velocardiofacial syndrome) occurs in 1 of 4000 live births, and 60% to 70% of affected individuals have congenital heart disease, ranging from mild to severe. In our cohort of 1472 subjects with 22q11.2DS, a total of 62% (n=906) have congenital heart disease and 36% (n=326) of these have tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), comprising the largest subset of severe congenital heart disease in the cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS To identify common genetic variants associated with TOF in individuals with 22q11.2DS, we performed a genome-wide association study using Affymetrix 6.0 array and imputed genotype data. In our cohort, TOF was significantly associated with a genotyped single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs12519770, P=2.98×10-8) in an intron of the adhesion GPR98 (G-protein-coupled receptor V1) gene on chromosome 5q14.3. There was also suggestive evidence of association between TOF and several additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in this region. Some genome-wide significant loci in introns or noncoding regions could affect regulation of genes nearby or at a distance. On the basis of this possibility, we examined existing Hi-C chromatin conformation data to identify genes that might be under shared transcriptional regulation within the region on 5q14.3. There are 6 genes in a topologically associated domain of chromatin with GPR98, including MEF2C (Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C). MEF2C is the only gene that is known to affect heart development in mammals and might be of interest with respect to 22q11.2DS. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, common variants may contribute to TOF in 22q11.2DS and may function in cardiac outflow tract development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Guo
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Gabriela M Repetto
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Donna M McDonald McGinn
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Jonathan H Chung
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Hiroko Nomaru
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Christopher L Campbell
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Anna Blonska
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Anne S Bassett
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Eva W C Chow
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Elisabeth E Mlynarski
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Ann Swillen
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Joris Vermeesch
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Koen Devriendt
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Doron Gothelf
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Miri Carmel
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Elena Michaelovsky
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Maude Schneider
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Stephan Eliez
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Karlene Coleman
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Aoy Tomita-Mitchell
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Michael E Mitchell
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - M Cristina Digilio
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Bruno Dallapiccola
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Bruno Marino
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Nicole Philip
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Tiffany Busa
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Leila Kushan-Wells
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Piotrowicz
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Wanda Hawuła
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Amy E Roberts
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Flora Tassone
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Tony J Simon
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Esther D A van Duin
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Thérèse A van Amelsvoort
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Wendy R Kates
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Elaine Zackai
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - H Richard Johnston
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - David J Cutler
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - A J Agopian
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Elizabeth Goldmuntz
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Laura E Mitchell
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Tao Wang
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Beverly S Emanuel
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.)
| | - Bernice E Morrow
- From the Department of Genetics (T.G., J.H.C., H.N., C.L.C., T.W., B.E.M.) and Department of Epidemiology and Population Health (T.W.), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Center for Human Genetics, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile (G.M.R.); Division of Human Genetics (D.M.M.M., E.E.M., E.Z., B.S.E.), Division of Cardiology (E.G.), and Department of Pediatrics (E.G.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (A.B.); Clinical Genetics Research Program, Center for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (A.S.B., E.W.C.C.); Dalglish Family 22q Clinic, Department of Psychiatry and Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Canada (A.S.B.); Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada (A.S.B.); Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium (A.S., J.V., K.D.); The Child Psychiatry Division, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel (D.G.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel (D.G., M.C., E.M.); Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel (M.C., E.M.); Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland (M.S., S.E.); Department of Genetic Medicine, UNIGE and iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, University of Geneva Medical Center, Switzerland (S.E.A.); Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, GA (K.C.); Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (A.T.-M., M.E.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, Italy (M.C.D., B.D.); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (B.M.); Department of Medical Genetics, Aix Marseille University, APHM, GMGF, Timone Hospital, France (N.P., T.B.); Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles (L.K.-W., C.E.B.); Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital, Research Institute, Łódź, Poland (M.P., W.H.); Department of Cardiology and Division of Genetics, Boston Children's Hospital, MA (A.E.R.); M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (F.T.) and M.I.N.D. Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine (T.J.S.), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands (E.D.A.V.D., T.A.v.A.); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Program in Neuroscience, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY (T.A.v.A., W.R.K.); Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J., D.J.C.); Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA (H.R.J.); and Human Genetics Center and Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX (A.J.A., L.E.M.).
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