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Urbański A, Johnston P, Bittermann E, Keshavarz M, Paris V, Walkowiak-Nowicka K, Konopińska N, Marciniak P, Rolff J. Tachykinin-related peptides modulate immune-gene expression in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor L. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17277. [PMID: 36241888 PMCID: PMC9568666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tachykinins (TKs) are a group of conserved neuropeptides. In insects, tachykinin-related peptides (TRPs) are important modulators of several functions such as nociception and lipid metabolism. Recently, it has become clear that TRPs also play a role in regulating the insect immune system. Here, we report a transcriptomic analysis of changes in the expression levels of immune-related genes in the storage pest Tenebrio molitor after treatment with Tenmo-TRP-7. We tested two concentrations (10-8 and 10-6 M) at two time points, 6 and 24 h post-injection. We found significant changes in the transcript levels of a wide spectrum of immune-related genes. Some changes were observed 6 h after the injection of Tenmo-TRP-7, especially in relation to its putative anti-apoptotic action. Interestingly, 24 h after the injection of 10-8 M Tenmo-TRP-7, most changes were related to the regulation of the cellular response. Applying 10-6 M Tenmo-TRP-7 resulted in the downregulation of genes associated with humoral responses. Injecting Tenmo-TRP-7 did not affect beetle survival but led to a reduction in haemolymph lysozyme-like antibacterial activity, consistent with the transcriptomic data. The results confirmed the immunomodulatory role of TRP and shed new light on the functional homology between TRPs and TKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Urbański
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland ,grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Johnston
- Berlin Centre for Genomics in Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany ,grid.419247.d0000 0001 2108 8097Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Bittermann
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryam Keshavarz
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Véronique Paris
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XBio 21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Karolina Walkowiak-Nowicka
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Konopińska
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- grid.5633.30000 0001 2097 3545Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jens Rolff
- grid.14095.390000 0000 9116 4836Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.452299.1Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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Fu D, Sun Y, Gao H, Liu B, Kang X, Chen H. Identification and Functional Characterization of Antifreeze Protein and Its Mutants in Dendroctonus armandi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Larvae Under Cold Stress. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:167-181. [PMID: 34897398 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dendroctonus armandi (Tsai and Li) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is considered to be the most destructive forest pest in the Qinling and Bashan Mountains of China. Low winter temperatures limit insect's populations, distribution, activity, and development. Insects have developed different strategies such as freeze-tolerance and freeze-avoidance to survive in low temperature conditions. In the present study, we used gene cloning, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RNA interference (RNAi), and heterologous expression to study the function of the D. armandi antifreeze protein gene (DaAFP). We cloned the 800 bp full-length cDNA encoding 228 amino acids of DaAFP and analyzed its structure using bioinformatics analysis. The DaAFP amino acid sequence exhibited 24-86% similarity with other insect species. The expression of DaAFP was high in January and in the larvae, head, and midgut of D. armandi. In addition, the expression of DaAFP increased with decreasing temperature and increasing exposure time. RNAi analysis also demonstrated that AFP plays an important role in the cold tolerance of overwintering larvae. The thermal hysteresis and antifreeze activity assay of DaAFP and its mutants indicated that the more regular the DaAFP threonine-cystine-threonine (TXT) motif, the stronger the antifreeze activity. These results suggest that DaAFP plays an essential role as a biological cryoprotectant in overwintering D. armandi larvae and provides a theoretical basis for new pest control methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaya Sun
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haiming Gao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaotong Kang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Bellezza Oddon S, Biasato I, Imarisio A, Pipan M, Dekleva D, Colombino E, Capucchio MT, Meneguz M, Stefania B, Barbero R, Gariglio M, Dabbou S, Fiorilla E, Gasco L, Schiavone A. Black soldier fly and yellow mealworm live larvae for broiler chickens: Effects on bird performance and health status. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105 Suppl 1:10-18. [PMID: 34402110 PMCID: PMC8519120 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The commercial broiler chicken strains are the result of successful selection programmes. Most of the problems related to welfare arise from the high growth rate and body weight. The use of environmental enrichments in intensive farming could have a positive effect on birds by increasing animal welfare. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of Hermetia illucens (HI) and Tenebrio molitor (TM) live larvae in the diets of broiler chickens on growth performance, carcass yield and health status. A total of 180 four-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to 18 pens. Each pen was assigned to one of the three dietary treatments (6 replicates/treatment, 10 birds/replicate) as follows: (i) control diet (C): commercial feed (two feeding phases: starter [4-11 days] and grower [12-38 days]), (ii) HI: C + 5% of the expected daily feed intake (DFI) HI live larvae (calculated on dry matter [DM]) and (iii) TM: C + 5% of DFI TM live larvae (DM). At 39 days of age, birds were slaughtered. Growth performance parameters were overall not affected by dietary treatments, except for the grower phase feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the overall FCR being better in the TM broilers than the others (p < 0.01). No differences were observed for slaughtering performance and haematological and serum parameters, except for the spleen relative weight being higher (p < 0.01) in the birds administered with larvae when compared to the C group. Gut morphometric indexes and histopathological alterations were not influenced by insect larvae administration. In conclusion, the administration in limited quantities of HI and TM live larvae as environmental enrichment has no negative effects on broiler chicken growth performance and health status. A behavioural study could confirm that live insect larvae represent a novel natural environmental enrichment in broiler farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bellezza Oddon
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ilaria Biasato
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Arianna Imarisio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Colombino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Marco Meneguz
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Bergagna Stefania
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Raffaella Barbero
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Gariglio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Sihem Dabbou
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Edoardo Fiorilla
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Laura Gasco
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
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Arai T, Yamauchi A, Miura A, Kondo H, Nishimiya Y, Sasaki YC, Tsuda S. Discovery of Hyperactive Antifreeze Protein from Phylogenetically Distant Beetles Questions Its Evolutionary Origin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3637. [PMID: 33807342 PMCID: PMC8038014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Beetle hyperactive antifreeze protein (AFP) has a unique ability to maintain a supercooling state of its body fluids, however, less is known about its origination. Here, we found that a popular stag beetle Dorcus hopei binodulosus (Dhb) synthesizes at least 6 isoforms of hyperactive AFP (DhbAFP). Cold-acclimated Dhb larvae tolerated -5 °C chilled storage for 24 h and fully recovered after warming, suggesting that DhbAFP facilitates overwintering of this beetle. A DhbAFP isoform (~10 kDa) appeared to consist of 6-8 tandem repeats of a 12-residue consensus sequence (TCTxSxNCxxAx), which exhibited 3 °C of high freezing point depression and the ability of binding to an entire surface of a single ice crystal. Significantly, these properties as well as DNA sequences including the untranslated region, signal peptide region, and an AFP-encoding region of Dhb are highly similar to those identified for a known hyperactive AFP (TmAFP) from the beetle Tenebrio molitor (Tm). Progenitor of Dhb and Tm was branched off approximately 300 million years ago, so no known evolution mechanism hardly explains the retainment of the DNA sequence for such a lo-ng divergence period. Existence of unrevealed gene transfer mechanism will be hypothesized between these two phylogenetically distant beetles to acquire this type of hyperactive AFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Arai
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (T.A.); (A.M.); (H.K.); (Y.N.)
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan;
| | - Akari Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;
| | - Ai Miura
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (T.A.); (A.M.); (H.K.); (Y.N.)
| | - Hidemasa Kondo
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (T.A.); (A.M.); (H.K.); (Y.N.)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Nishimiya
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (T.A.); (A.M.); (H.K.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yuji C. Sasaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan;
- OPERANDO Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
| | - Sakae Tsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Japan; (T.A.); (A.M.); (H.K.); (Y.N.)
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;
- OPERANDO Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
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Xu K, Niu Q, Zhao H, Du Y, Guo L, Jiang Y. Sequencing and Expression Characterization of Antifreeze Protein Maxi-Like in Apis cerana cerana. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 18:11. [PMCID: PMC5804572 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are biological cryoprotectants with unique properties that play a crucial role in regulating the molecular mechanisms governing cold resistance in insects. To identify and characterize Apis cerana cerana AFP (AcerAFP), we cloned the full-length cDNA of AcerAFP and examined its expression patterns in A. cerana cerana. A nucleotide alignment analysis showed that the entire coding region of AcerAFP is 1095 bp and encodes a polypeptide of 365 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of this protein exhibits 63–96% homology with AFP homologs from other hymenopterans. α-helices form the main secondary and tertiary structures of AcerAFP, which is similar to the molecular structure of fish AFP type-I. The expression profiles of AcerAFP revealed that expression was tissue, sex, and developmentally specific. In response to cold stress, the mRNA and protein expression of AcerAFP were both induced by low temperatures, and were also related to the concentrations of several cryoprotectants, including glucose, glycerin, glutamic acid, cysteine, histidine, alanine, and methionine. In addition, we found that the knockdown of AcerAFP by RNA interference remarkably increased the total freezing temperature of hemolymph in A. cerana cerana, where levels of AcerAFP mRNA were correlated with the expression of most antifreeze-related proteins. Taken together, these results suggest that AcerAFP plays an essential role as a biological cryoprotectant in honeybees, and is in turn regulated by small cryoprotectants and antifreeze-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding & Reproduction, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingsheng Niu
- Department of Honey Bee Genetics and Breeding, Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, Jilin, China
| | - Huiting Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yali Du
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding & Reproduction, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Lina Guo
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding & Reproduction, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yusuo Jiang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding & Reproduction, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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6
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Yu SH, Yang P, Sun T, Qi Q, Wang XQ, Chen XM, Feng Y, Liu BW. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses on the supercooling ability and mining of antifreeze proteins of the Chinese white wax scale insect. INSECT SCIENCE 2016; 23:430-437. [PMID: 26799455 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese white wax scale insect, Ericerus pela, can survive at extremely low temperatures, and some overwintering individuals exhibit supercooling at temperatures below -30°C. To investigate the deep supercooling ability of E. pela, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed to delineate the major gene and protein families responsible for the deep supercooling ability of overwintering females. Gene Ontology (GO) classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that genes involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase, calcium, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and pathways associated with the biosynthesis of soluble sugars, sugar alcohols and free amino acids were dominant. Proteins responsible for low-temperature stress, such as cold acclimation proteins, glycerol biosynthesis-related enzymes and heat shock proteins (HSPs) were identified. However, no antifreeze proteins (AFPs) were identified through sequence similarity search methods. A random forest approach identified 388 putative AFPs in the proteome. The AFP gene ep-afp was expressed in Escherichia coli, and the expressed protein exhibited a thermal hysteresis activity of 0.97°C, suggesting its potential role in the deep supercooling ability of E. pela.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Sun
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resources Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Qi
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resources Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, China
| | - Xue-Qing Wang
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resources Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resources Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resources Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, China
| | - Bo-Wen Liu
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resources Insects of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, China
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Wu J, Rong Y, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wang S, Zhao B. Isolation and characterisation of sericin antifreeze peptides and molecular dynamics modelling of their ice-binding interaction. Food Chem 2015; 174:621-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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8
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Guz N, Toprak U, Dageri A, Oktay Gurkan M, Denlinger DL. Identification of a putative antifreeze protein gene that is highly expressed during preparation for winter in the sunn pest, Eurygaster maura. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 68:30-35. [PMID: 25010548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA library generated from the fat body of field-collected, diapausing adults of the sunn pest, Eurygaster maura revealed the presence of a transcript that encodes a protein that shares the distinct physiochemical and structural features of an insect antifreeze protein. The transcript, which is most abundant in the midgut, accumulates in adults as they leave the fields in late summer and migrate to surrounding mountainous areas to overwinter. Transcript abundance again declines when adults return to the fields the following spring. This winter pattern of abundance suggests that this protein may be critical for winter survival in the cold regions where the bug enters its obligatory diapause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurper Guz
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Umut Toprak
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asli Dageri
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Oktay Gurkan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - David L Denlinger
- Departments of Entomology and Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, USA
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Chen ZH, Xu L, Yang FL, Ji GH, Yang J, Wang JY. Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae isolate MAX-2 from Shangri-la, China under desiccation stress. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:4. [PMID: 24383424 PMCID: PMC3890646 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metarhizium anisopliae, a soil-borne entomopathogen found worldwide, is an interesting fungus for biological control. However, its efficacy in the fields is significantly affected by environmental conditions, particularly moisture. To overcome the weakness of Metarhizium and determine its isolates with antistress capacity, the efficacies of four M. anisopliae isolates, which were collected from arid regions of Yunnan Province in China during the dry season, were determined at different moisture levels, and the efficacy of the isolate MAX-2 from Shangri-la under desiccation stress was evaluated at low moisture level. RESULTS M. anisopliae isolates MAX-2, MAC-6, MAL-1, and MAQ-28 showed gradient descent efficacies against sterile Tenebrio molitor larvae, and gradient descent capacities against desiccation with the decrease in moisture levels. The efficacy of MAX-2 showed no significant differences at 35% moisture level than those of the other isolates. However, significant differences were found at 8% to 30% moisture levels. The efficacies of all isolates decreased with the decrease in moisture levels. MAX-2 was relatively less affected by desiccation stress. Its efficacy was almost unaffected by the decrease at moisture levels > 25%, but slowly decreased at moisture levels < 25%. By contrast, the efficacies of other isolates rapidly decreased with the decrease in moisture levels. MAX-2 caused different infection characteristics on T. molitor larvae under desiccation stress and in wet microhabitat. Local black patches were found on the cuticles of the insects, and the cadavers dried without fungal growth under desiccation stress. However, dark black internodes and fungal growth were found after death of the insects in the wet microhabitat. CONCLUSIONS MAX-2 showed significantly higher efficacy and superior antistress capacity than the other isolates under desiccation stress. The infection of sterile T. molitor larvae at low moisture level constituted a valid laboratory bioassay system in evaluating M. anisopliae efficacy under desiccation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hong Chen
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Baoshan College, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Baoshan College, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000, China
| | - Feng-lian Yang
- Institute of Insect Resources, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guang-Hai Ji
- Key Laboratory of Agro-biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-biodiversity and Pest Management of Education Ministry of China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Jian-Yun Wang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Baoshan College, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000, China
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10
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Jiang Y, Peng D, Bai LP, Ma H, Chen LJ, Zhao MH, Xu ZJ, Guo ZF. Molecular switch for cold acclimation — anatomy of the cold-inducible promoter in plants. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2013; 78:342-54. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Bildanova LL, Salina EA, Shumny VK. Main properties and evolutionary features of antifreeze proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s207905971301005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Wee CC, Roslan HA. Isolation of Alcohol Dehydrogenase cDNA and Basal Regulatory Region from Metroxylon sagu. ISRN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 2012:839427. [PMID: 27335670 PMCID: PMC4890887 DOI: 10.5402/2012/839427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) is a versatile enzyme involved in many biochemical pathways in plants such as in germination and stress tolerance. Sago palm is plant with much importance to the state of Sarawak as one of the most important crops that bring revenue with the advantage of being able to withstand various biotic and abiotic stresses such as heat, pathogens, and water logging. Here we report the isolation of sago palm Adh cDNA and its putative promoter region via the use of rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and genomic walking. The isolated cDNA was characterized and determined to be 1464 bp long encoding for 380 amino acids. BLAST analysis showed that the Adh is similar to the Adh1 group with 91% and 85% homology with Elaeis guineensis and Washingtonia robusta, respectively. The putative basal msAdh1 regulatory region was further determined to contain promoter signals of TATA and AGGA boxes and predicted amino acids analyses showed several Adh-specific motifs such as the two zinc-binding domains that bind to the adenosine ribose of the coenzyme and binding to alcohol substrate. A phylogenetic tree was also constructed using the predicted amino acid showed clear separation of Adh from bacteria and clustered within the plant Adh group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Ching Wee
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300 Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Hairul Azman Roslan
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300 Sarawak, Malaysia
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13
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Yan QH, Yang L, Wang Q, Zhang HR, Shao Q. Cloning and expression of a novel antifreeze protein AFP72 from the beetle Tenebrio molitor. Mol Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893312030090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Cloning and expression of Tenebrio molitor antifreeze protein in Escherichia coli. Mol Biol Rep 2008; 36:529-36. [PMID: 18256902 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-008-9210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel antifreeze protein cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR from the larva of the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor. The coding fragment of 339 bp encodes a protein of 112 amino acid residues and was fused to the expression vectors pET32a and pTWIN1. The resulted expression plasmids were transformed into Escherischia coli strains BL21 (DE3), ER2566, and Origami B (DE3), respectively. Several strategies were used for expression of the highly disulfide-bonded beta-helix-contained protein with the activity of antifreeze in different expression systems. A protocol for production of refolded and active T. molitor antifreeze protein in bacteria was obtained.
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