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Yamaguchi Y, Namgung J, Nagata J, Kawasaki T, Hara A, Todo T, Hiramatsu N. Identification and characterization of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D 2 synthase homologs in the urine of male rockfish. Gene X 2023; 854:147093. [PMID: 36476662 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) and its relatives are viviparous marine fish. Males produce urinary proteins during the copulation season; however, the identity of these proteins was unknown. In this study, we focused on high-molecular-weight urinary proteins (HMWups) in male black rockfish. The HMWups were identified by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of urine. In silico analyses of RNA-seq data predicted the tissue distribution of candidate HMWup transcripts and their gene structures. Candidate cDNAs were cloned and a recombinant protein of a major candidate was prepared. Western blotting of urine using an antiserum against the recombinant protein was performed to reconfirm the LC-MS/MS results. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were employed to validate the prediction by RNA-seq and identify the cells producing HMWups, respectively. LC-MS/MS, in conjunction with Western blotting and cDNA cloning, identified the HMWups as lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (l-PGDS) homologs. RNA-seq analyses and qRT-PCR revealed that the l-PGDS homolog transcripts were dominantly expressed in the testis and male kidney; Sertoli cells and epithelial cells in the renal tubules were immunoreactive. These results indicated that major protein components in the urine of male black rockfish are l-PGDS homologs, potentially produced by the renal tubules in the kidney. Male rockfish (genus Sebastes) are thought to release unknown pheromone substances during mating behavior. The knowledge and tools obtained in this study empower research into the role(s) of HMWups in pheromone systems underlying rockfish reproduction. No protein-type teleost pheromone has heretofore been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Jin Namgung
- Education & Research Group for Future Strategy of Aquatic Life Industry, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Nagata
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Takuma Kawasaki
- Mariculture Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, 1-156-3 Funami, Muroran, Hokkaido 051-0013, Japan
| | - Akihiko Hara
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Todo
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Naoshi Hiramatsu
- Division of Marine Life Science, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
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Tran-Guzman A, Culty M. Eicosanoid Biosynthesis in Male Reproductive Development: Effects of Perinatal Exposure to NSAIDs and Analgesic Drugs. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:842565. [PMID: 35295224 PMCID: PMC8915844 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.842565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing rates of infertility associated with declining sperm counts and quality, as well as increasing rates of testicular cancer are contemporary issues in the United States and abroad. These conditions are part of the Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome, which includes a variety of male reproductive disorders hypothesized to share a common origin based on disrupted testicular development during fetal and neonatal stages of life. Male reproductive development is a highly regulated and complex process that relies on an intricate coordination between germ, Leydig, and Sertoli cells as well as other supporting cell types, to ensure proper spermatogenesis, testicular immune privilege, and endocrine function. The eicosanoid system has been reported to be involved in the regulation of fetal and neonatal germ cell development as well as overall testicular homeostasis. Moreover, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics with abilities to block eicosanoid synthesis by targeting either or both isoforms of cyclooxygenase enzymes, have been found to adversely affect male reproductive development. This review will explore the current body of knowledge on the involvement of the eicosanoid system in male reproductive development, as well as discuss adverse effects of NSAIDs and analgesic drugs administered perinatally, focusing on toxicities reported in the testis and on major testicular cell types. Rodent and epidemiological studies will be corroborated by findings in invertebrate models for a comprehensive report of the state of the field, and to add to our understanding of the potential long-term effects of NSAID and analgesic drug administration in infants.
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Urade Y. Biochemical and Structural Characteristics, Gene Regulation, Physiological, Pathological and Clinical Features of Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D 2 Synthase as a Multifunctional Lipocalin. Front Physiol 2021; 12:718002. [PMID: 34744762 PMCID: PMC8569824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.718002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D2 synthase (L-PGDS) catalyzes the isomerization of PGH2, a common precursor of the two series of PGs, to produce PGD2. PGD2 stimulates three distinct types of G protein-coupled receptors: (1) D type of prostanoid (DP) receptors involved in the regulation of sleep, pain, food intake, and others; (2) chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T helper type 2 cells (CRTH2) receptors, in myelination of peripheral nervous system, adipocyte differentiation, inhibition of hair follicle neogenesis, and others; and (3) F type of prostanoid (FP) receptors, in dexamethasone-induced cardioprotection. L-PGDS is the same protein as β-trace, a major protein in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). L-PGDS exists in the central nervous system and male genital organs of various mammals, and human heart; and is secreted into the CSF, seminal plasma, and plasma, respectively. L-PGDS binds retinoic acids and retinal with high affinities (Kd < 100 nM) and diverse small lipophilic substances, such as thyroids, gangliosides, bilirubin and biliverdin, heme, NAD(P)H, and PGD2, acting as an extracellular carrier of these substances. L-PGDS also binds amyloid β peptides, prevents their fibril formation, and disaggregates amyloid β fibrils, acting as a major amyloid β chaperone in human CSF. Here, I summarize the recent progress of the research on PGD2 and L-PGDS, in terms of its “molecular properties,” “cell culture studies,” “animal experiments,” and “clinical studies,” all of which should help to understand the pathophysiological role of L-PGDS and inspire the future research of this multifunctional lipocalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Urade
- Center for Supporting Pharmaceutical Education, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan.,Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Tachibana T, Nakai Y, Makino R, Khan MSI, Cline MA. Physiological response to central and peripheral injection of prostaglandin D2 in chicks. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 137:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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5
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Porseryd T, Reyhanian Caspillo N, Volkova K, Elabbas L, Källman T, Dinnétz P, Olsson PE, Porsch-Hällström I. Testis transcriptome alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) with reduced fertility due to developmental exposure to 17α-ethinyl estradiol. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018. [PMID: 29526718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) is a ubiquitous aquatic contaminant shown to decrease fish fertility at low concentrations, especially in fish exposed during development. The mechanisms of the decreased fertility are not fully understood. In this study, we perform transcriptome analysis by RNA sequencing of testes from zebrafish with previously reported lowered fertility due to exposure to low concentrations of EE2 during development. Fish were exposed to 1.2 and 1.6 ng/L (measured concentration; nominal concentrations 3 and 10 ng/L) of EE2 from fertilization to 80 days of age, followed by 82 days of remediation in clean water. RNA sequencing analysis revealed 249 and 16 genes to be differentially expressed after exposure to 1.2 and 1.6 ng/L, respectively; a larger inter-sample variation was noted in the latter. Expression of 11 genes were altered by both exposures and in the same direction. The coding sequences most affected could be categorized to the putative functions cell signalling, proteolysis, protein metabolic transport and lipid metabolic process. Several homeobox transcription factors involved in development and differentiation showed increased expression in response to EE2 and differential expression of genes related to cell death, differentiation and proliferation was observed. In addition, several genes related to steroid synthesis, testis development and function were differentially expressed. A number of genes associated with spermatogenesis in zebrafish and/or mouse were also found to be differentially expressed. Further, differences in non-coding sequences were observed, among them several differentially expressed miRNA that might contribute to testis gene regulation at post-transcriptional level. This study has generated insights of changes in gene expression that accompany fertility alterations in zebrafish males that persist after developmental exposure to environmental relevant concentrations of EE2 that persist followed by clean water to adulthood. Hopefully, this will generate hypotheses to test in search for mechanistic explanations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Porseryd
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - N Reyhanian Caspillo
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - K Volkova
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - L Elabbas
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - T Källman
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P Dinnétz
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - P-E Olsson
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - I Porsch-Hällström
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
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6
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Seo MJ, Oh DK. Prostaglandin synthases: Molecular characterization and involvement in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:50-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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7
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The role of prostaglandins in the regulation of fish immunity. Mol Immunol 2016; 69:139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Gómez-Abellán V, Montero J, López-Muñoz A, Figueras A, Arizcun M, Mulero V, Sepulcre MP. Professional phagocytic granulocyte-derived PGD2 regulates the resolution of inflammation in fish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 52:182-191. [PMID: 26027798 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) play a key role in the development on the immune response through the regulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. PGD(2) can be either pro- or anti-inflammatory depending on the inflammatory milieu. Prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) is the enzyme responsible for the conversion of PGH(2) to PGD(2). In mammals, two types of PGDS synthase have been described, the hematopoietic (H-PGDS) and the lipocalin (L-PGDS). In the present study we describe the existence of two orthologs of the mammalian L-PGDS (PGDS1 and PGDS2) in the gilthead seabream and characterize their gene expression profiles and biological activity. The results showed a dramatic induction of the gene coding for PGDS1 in acidophilic granulocytes (AGs), which are functionally equivalent to mammalian neutrophils, after a prolonged in vitro activation with different pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). In contrast PGDS2 was not expressed in these cells. The functional relevance of the induction of PGDS1 in AGs was confirmed by the ability of these cells to release PGD(2) upon PAMP stimulation. To gain further insight into the role of PGD(2) in the resolution of inflammation in fish, we examined the ability of PGD(2) or its cyclopentenone derivates (cyPGs) to modulate the main functional activities of AGs. It was found that both PGD(2) and cyPGs inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species and downregulated the transcript levels of the gene encoding interleukin-1β. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the use of PGD(2) and its metabolites in the resolution of inflammation was established before the divergence of fish from tetrapods more than 450 million years ago and support a critical role for granulocytes in the resolution of inflammation in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Gómez-Abellán
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jana Montero
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Azucena López-Muñoz
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Oceanographic Institute (IEO), Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María P Sepulcre
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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9
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Lim W, Bae SM, Jo G, Bazer FW, Choi Y, Song G. Prostaglandin D₂ synthase related to estrogen in the female reproductive tract. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 456:355-60. [PMID: 25475724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), also known as a glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase, catalyzes prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin D2 that exhibits functions that include regulation of the central nervous system, contraction/relaxation of smooth muscle and inhibition of platelet aggregation. Gene profiling data based on our previous study indicated that PTGDS is significantly increased during development, differentiation and remodeling of the oviduct in chickens in response to estrogen. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to investigate expression of PTGDS in the oviduct and examine if the relationship between PTGDS and estrogen is conserved during development and remodeling of the oviduct. Results of our study indicate d that PTGDS expression is specifically localized to the luminal (LE) and glandular epithelial (GE) cells of the chicken oviduct in response to diethylstilbestrol, a synthetic estrogen. In addition, PTGDS expression increased during the regeneration phase of the oviduct in concert with increasing concentrations of estrogen in the circulation of laying hens during induced molting. Moreover, PTGDS mRNA and protein were expressed abundantly in GE of ovarian carcinoma, but not in normal ovaries. These results provide the first evidence that PTGDS is a novel estrogen-stimulated gene in oviductal epithelial cells, as well as a candidate biomarker for diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whasun Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Bae
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Jo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 566 Nonhyeon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-913, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Pradhan A, Olsson PE. Juvenile ovary to testis transition in zebrafish involves inhibition of ptges. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:33. [PMID: 24920039 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.119016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The sex differentiation mechanisms in zebrafish (Danio rerio) remains elusive, partly because of the absence of sex chromosomes but also because the process appears to depend on the synchrony of multiple genes and possibly environmental factors. Zebrafish gonadal development is initiated through the development of immature oocytes. Depending on multiple signaling cues, in about half of the individuals, the juvenile ovaries degenerate or undergo apoptosis to initiate testes development while the other half maintains the oogenic pathway. We have previously shown that activation of NFκB and prostaglandin synthase 2 (ptgs2) results in female-biased sex ratios. Prostaglandin synthase and prostaglandins are involved in multiple physiological functions, including cell survival and apoptosis. In the present study, we show that inhibition of ptgs2 by meloxicam results in male-biased sex ratios. On further evaluation, we observed that exposure with the prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) analogue BW-245C induced SRY-box containing gene 9a (sox9a) and resulted in male-biased sex ratios. On the other hand, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) treatment resulted in female-biased sex ratios and involved activation of NFκB and the β-catenin pathway as well as inhibition of sox9. Exposure to the β-catenin inhibitor PNU-74654 resulted in up-regulation of ptgds and male-biased sex ratios, further confirming the involvement of β-catenin in the female differentiation pathway. In this study, we show that PGD2 and PGE2 can program the gonads to either the testis or the ovary differentiation pathways, indicating that prostaglandins are involved in the regulation of zebrafish gonadal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Pradhan
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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11
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Characteristic of PGDS potential regulation role on spermatogenesis in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Gene 2014; 543:244-52. [PMID: 24709109 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) catalyzes the isomerization of PGH2 to produce PGD2 in the presence of sulfhydryl compounds. In this study, a full length PGDS gene comprising 1250 nucleotides from the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (Es-PGDS) was characterized, with a 615 bp open reading frame encoding 204 amino acid residues. Its deduced peptide has high homology with other species' PGDS protein. The Es-PGDS mRNA expression was tissue-related, with the highest expression observed in the hepatopancreas, accessory sex gland, testis and ovaries. We also detected the different stages of tissue expression and the enzyme activity for Es-PGDS in the testis and male crab hepatopancreas. The different expression patterns and its corresponding enzyme activity level indicated that PGDS is involving in the regulation of reproductive action during the period of rapid development in E. sinensis. Furthermore our research could arouse a heat debate on the PGDS reproductive function in invertebrate and further study will be needed to determine the molecular mechanism(s) linking PGDS functions to spermatogenesis and ontogenesis if this gene is to be exploited as a molecular biomarker in further studies of development.
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12
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Sreenivasulu G, Pavani A, Sudhakumari CC, Dutta-Gupta A, Senthilkumaran B. Modulation of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase expression in catfish seminal vesicles by thyroid disrupting agents and hormones. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 158:199-206. [PMID: 23973827 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones play crucial role in several biological processes including reproduction. Disruption of normal thyroid status by environmental contaminants can cause severe impairment in reproductive functions. In our previous study, we reported down-regulation of a protein in seminal vesicular fluid of air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus during experimentally induced hyperthyroidism. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis followed by search in sequence database denoted it to be lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (ptgds-b). In the present study, we cloned full-length cDNA of ptgds-b based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence. Surprisingly, Northern blot as well as RT-PCR analysis demonstrated the presence of ptgds-b transcript predominantly in seminal vesicles and developing testis. Further, ptgds-b mRNA significantly decreased in seminal vesicles following L-thyroxine overdose while there was an increased expression of ptgds-b after depletion of thyroid hormone by thiourea and withdrawal of the treatments reverted this effect. Treatment of catfish with human chorionic gonadotropin and estradiol significantly reduced ptgds-b expression. Taken together, we report ptgds-b as a thyroid hormone regulated protein in the seminal vesicles in addition to gonadotropin and estradiol. Further studies might explain the exclusive presence of ptgds-b in seminal vesicles and developing testis yet present data evaluated it as a putative biomarker for thyroid hormone disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunti Sreenivasulu
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences - Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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13
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Lim SM, Chen D, Teo H, Roos A, Jansson AE, Nyman T, Trésaugues L, Pervushin K, Nordlund P. Structural and dynamic insights into substrate binding and catalysis of human lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1630-1643. [PMID: 23526831 PMCID: PMC3646464 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m035410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) regulates synthesis of an important inflammatory and signaling mediator, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Here, we used structural, biophysical, and biochemical approaches to address the mechanistic aspects of substrate entry, catalysis, and product exit of this enzyme. Structure of human L-PGDS was solved in a complex with a substrate analog (SA) and in ligand-free form. Its catalytic Cys 65 thiol group was found in two different conformations, each making a distinct hydrogen bond network to neighboring residues. These help in elucidating the mechanism of the cysteine nucleophile activation. Electron density for ligand observed in the active site defined the substrate binding regions, but did not allow unambiguous fitting of the SA. To further understand ligand binding, we used NMR spectroscopy to map the binding sites and to show the dynamics of protein-substrate and protein-product interactions. A model for ligand binding at the catalytic site is proposed, showing a second binding site involved in ligand exit and entry. NMR chemical shift perturbations and NMR resonance line-width alterations (observed as changes of intensity in two-dimensional cross-peaks in [¹H,¹⁵N]-transfer relaxation optimization spectroscopy) for residues at the Ω loop (A-B loop), E-F loop, and G-H loop besides the catalytic sites indicate involvement of these residues in ligand entry/egress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing Mei Lim
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dan Chen
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and
| | - Hsiangling Teo
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and
| | - Annette Roos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Elisabet Jansson
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and
| | - Tomas Nyman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lionel Trésaugues
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantin Pervushin
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and.
| | - Pär Nordlund
- Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; and; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Evrard E, Devaux A, Bony S, Cachot J, Charrier G, Quiniou L, Laroche J. Responses of juvenile European flounder (Platichthys flesus) to multistress in the Vilaine estuary, during a 6-month survey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:676-689. [PMID: 22945659 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Physiological and genetic responses of age 0+ Platichthys flesus were investigated in the eutrophicated and moderately contaminated Vilaine estuary, during a 6-month survey. The main objective of this study was to explore the biological responses of fishes during their juvenile period in an estuarine system in order to detect a possible selective pressure induced by the environmental stress. Our results showed a general convergence in physiological responses along the survey: an increase in genotoxicity was associated with an increase in mRNA expression of ATPase and betaine homocysteine methyltransferase. These results could suggest an increase of cellular damage, energetic request, and detoxification rate related to the growing exposure time to stress. Considering the aging of the cohort, the genetic characteristics of the Vilaine flounder cohort came closer to the one observed in a highly stressed system, the Seine estuary, suggesting a potential selective pressure mainly induced by the chemical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estérine Evrard
- CEDRE, rue Alain Colas, CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France
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Systematic interaction analysis of human lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase with small lipophilic ligands. Biochem J 2012; 446:279-89. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20120324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
L-PGDS [lipocalin-type PG (prostaglandin) D synthase] is a multi-functional protein, acting as a PGD2-producing enzyme and a lipid-transporter. In the present study, we focus on the function of L-PGDS as an extracellular transporter for small lipophilic molecules. We characterize the binding mechanism of human L-PGDS for the molecules, especially binding affinity stoichiometry and driving force, using tryptophan fluorescence quenching, ICD (induced circular dichroism) and ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry). The tryptophan fluorescence quenching measurements revealed that haem metabolites such as haemin, biliverdin and bilirubin bind to L-PGDS with significantly higher affinities than the other small lipophilic ligands examined, showing dissociation constant (Kd) values from 17.0 to 20.9 nM. We focused particularly on the extra-specificities of haem metabolites and L-PGDS. The ITC and ICD data revealed that two molecules of the haem metabolites bind to L-PGDS with high and low affinities, showing Kd values from 2.8 to 18.1 nM and from 0.209 to 1.63 μM respectively. The thermodynamic parameters for the interactions revealed that the contributions of enthalpy and entropy change were considerably different for each haem metabolite even when the Gibbs energy change was the same. Thus we believe that the binding energy of haem metabolites to L-PGDS is optimized by balancing enthalpy and entropy change.
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16
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Shirak A, Reicher S, Uliel S, Mehlman T, Shainskaya A, Ron M, Seroussi E. Gender and sexual behavior modulate the composition of serum lipocalins in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Gene 2012; 504:22-30. [PMID: 22588028 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In tilapia species, plasma lipoproteins with high electrophoretic mobility function in intra- and intergender communication. Blood samples taken at onset and peak of daily sexual activity from dominant and subordinate Oreochromis niloticus males and females were fractionated by native gel electrophoresis and the fast-migrating proteins were subjected to mass spectrometry. Mining the sequence data of the Cichlid Genome Consortium, we identified 11 proteins from the lipocalin super-family and characterized their genes' structures. Phylogenetic and structural analyses subdivided these genes into two classes: (I) 3-coding-exon apolipoproteins and (II) more complex 6-coding-exon sulfide-bond-containing lipocalins. Five apolipoproteins and PTGDSL1, TBTBP, and MSP proteins were modulated by gender and sexual behavior. PTGDSL1 protein was only observed in the plasma serum of dominant males. However, the cysteine residue in the position that is crucial for synthetase activity in mammalian prostaglandin D synthetases was not conserved in PTGDSL1 or PTGDSL2 proteins. In line with previous reports suggesting their involvement in male functions as pheromone transporters, TBTBP and MSP proteins were not detected in females at the onset of daily activity. Their increasing amount in males was concordant with the increase in apolipoproteins AFP4L, APOA4a, APOA4b, APO14kD and APOC2, which were detected exclusively in dominant males, indicating a possible role in mobilization of the energy required to maintain their social hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Shirak
- Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
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17
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Wei CB, Chen J. A novel lipocalin homologue from the venom gland of Deinagkistrodon acutus similar to mammalian lipocalins. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-91992012000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- CB Wei
- Western Anhui University; Laboratory of Anhui Province
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18
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Smith WL, Urade Y, Jakobsson PJ. Enzymes of the cyclooxygenase pathways of prostanoid biosynthesis. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5821-65. [PMID: 21942677 PMCID: PMC3285496 DOI: 10.1021/cr2002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William L Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, 5301 MSRB III, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5606, USA.
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19
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Zhou Y, Shaw N, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Liu ZJ. Structure-function analysis of human l-prostaglandin D synthase bound with fatty acid molecules. FASEB J 2010; 24:4668-77. [PMID: 20667974 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-164863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyan Zhou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Neil Shaw
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Yang Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
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20
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Zhou Y, Shaw N, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Liu ZJ. Structure‐function analysis of human l‐prostaglandin D synthase bound with fatty acid molecules. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.10.164863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyan Zhou
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Neil Shaw
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yang Li
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yu Zhao
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesInstitute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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21
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Marchand J, Evrard E, Guinand B, Cachot J, Quiniou L, Laroche J. Genetic polymorphism and its potential relation to environmental stress in five populations of the European flounder Platichthys flesus, along the French Atlantic coast. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2010; 70:201-209. [PMID: 20621770 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new DNA markers were explored for the flounder Platichthys flesus. cDNA and genomic sequences of the genes encoding the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-deshydrogenase (GAPDH), the cytosolic creatine kinase (CK), the prostaglandin D synthase (PGDS) and the betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) were characterized. The tumour suppressor p53 gene structure was already described. A PCR-SSCP (Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism) analysis was finally conducted to study the genetic polymorphism of different populations of flounders collected along the French Atlantic coast. Four highly contaminated French estuaries (Seine, Vilaine, Loire and Gironde) were sampled and compared to a reference estuary (Ster) to explore possible selective effect of the environment on specific allelic frequencies. Our results showed that two loci p53 and PGDS, could be potential markers of chemical stress: p53A allele frequency increased in contaminated systems compared to the reference system. In the Vilaine estuary, PGDS polymorphism could be related to pesticide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marchand
- Université du Maine, EA 2160 Mer, Molécule, Santé, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Mans F-72085, France.
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22
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Suzuki M, Fujii H, Fujigaki H, Shinoda S, Takahashi K, Saito K, Wada H, Kimoto M, Kondo N, Seishima M. Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase and egg white cystatin react with IgE antibodies from children with egg allergy. Allergol Int 2010; 59:175-83. [PMID: 20179418 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.09-oa-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovalbumin, ovomucoid, ovotransferrin, lysozyme, and ovomucin are known to be major allergens found in egg white. Egg white protein is composed of over 30 proteins; many of which have neither been identified nor their allergenicities characterized. This study set out to analyze whether unknown proteins that bind to IgE antibodies in serum from patients with egg allergy exist in egg white. METHODS Diluted egg white proteins were separated by 2-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Immunolabeling was performed on individual patient sera from 19 child patients with egg white allergy and 11 negative control subjects. Spots of egg white proteins that bound to the patients' IgE were identified by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. RESULTS Egg white proteins were separated into 63 spots. Twenty-five of the 63 reacted with egg allergy patients' sera, and 10 of the 25 reactive spots showed IgE-reactivity to controls as well. Specific bindings to the IgE from egg allergy patients were found in 15 spots; one of which was confirmed as ovotransferrin. Among the other 14 protein spots, egg white cystatin and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) were newly identified proteins that reacted with IgE in patients with egg allergy. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that L-PGDS and cystatin reacted with serum IgE in patients with egg allergy. Our proteomics-based analysis in egg white gives a comprehensive map of proteins bound with IgE and should assist in enabling more accurate diagnoses and recommendations of desensitizing treatments for individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Suzuki
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
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23
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Jørgensen A, Nielsen JE, Nielsen BF, Morthorst JE, Bjerregaard P, Leffers H. Expression of prostaglandin synthases (pgds and pges) during zebrafish gonadal differentiation. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 157:102-8. [PMID: 20362066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed at elucidating whether the expression pattern of the membrane bound form of prostaglandin E2 synthase (pges) and especially the lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (pgds) indicates involvement in gonadal sex differentiation in zebrafish as has previously been found in other species. In mice and chicken, the lipocalin-type Pgds is specifically expressed in pre-Sertoli cells just after Sry and Sox9 and is involved in masculinisation of the developing testis. Furthermore, Pges are implicated in female reproduction including follicular development and ovulation. In this study, a sexually dimorphic expression of pgds was found in gonads of adult zebrafish with expression in testis but not in ovaries. To determine whether the sex-specific expression pattern of pgds was present in gonads of juvenile zebrafish and therefore could be an early marker of sex in zebrafish, we microdissected gonads from four randomly selected individual zebrafish for every second day in the period 2-20 days post hatch (dph) and 0-1 dph. The temporal expression of pgds and pges was investigated in the microdissected gonads, however, no differential expression that could indicate sex-specific difference between individual juvenile zebrafish was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Jørgensen
- Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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24
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Nagata N, Fujimori K, Okazaki I, Oda H, Eguchi N, Uehara Y, Urade Y. De novo synthesis, uptake and proteolytic processing of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase, β-trace, in the kidneys. FEBS J 2009; 276:7146-58. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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25
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Williams TD, Wu H, Santos EM, Ball J, Katsiadaki I, Brown MM, Baker P, Ortega F, Falciani F, Craft JA, Tyler CR, Chipman JK, Viant MR. Hepatic transcriptomic and metabolomic responses in the stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of dibenzanthracene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:6341-6348. [PMID: 19746735 DOI: 10.1021/es9008689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) cDNA array and one-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics approach, together with individual biomarkers,were employed to investigate the responses of male sticklebacks to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. Fish were exposed to 1,2:5,6-dibenzanthracene (DbA) at concentrations between 0.01 and 50 microg per liter dissolved in the ambient water for four days, and hepatic transcript and metabolite profiles were determined in comparison with those of solvent-exposed controls. Induction of gene expression was apparent for cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and CYP2-family monooxygenases and these responses were strongly correlated with DbA exposure concentrations (for CYP1A r > 0.996). Expression of suites of genes related to bile acid biosynthesis, steroid metabolism, and endocrine function were also affected, as demonstrated by gene ontology analyses. Expression changes in selected genes were confirmed by real-time PCR. Metabolomics highlighted notable changes in concentrations of taurine, malonate, glutamate, and alanine. These statistically significant responses to environmentally relevant concentrations of DbA at the transcriptomic and metabolomic levels provided sensitive markers characteristic of environmentally relevant low-level DbA exposure. Metabolic pathways were identified where both gene expression and metabolite concentrations were altered in response to DbA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim D Williams
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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26
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Zhou W, Lan S, Wang J, Lin B. Purification of S-PG05 using Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390902775448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Fujimori K, Aritake K, Urade Y. Enhancement of prostaglandin D(2) production through cyclooxygenase-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase by upstream stimulatory factor 1 in human brain-derived TE671 cells under serum starvation. Gene 2008; 426:72-80. [PMID: 18817855 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2008.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2008] [Revised: 08/17/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We found that prostaglandin (PG) D(2) production was induced through transcriptional activation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and lipocalin-type PGD synthase (L-PGDS) genes under serum-starved conditions in human brain-derived TE671 cells. Analysis of promoter and intron regions of the human L-PGDS gene demonstrated that an atypical E-box within intron 4 mediated serum starvation-induced up-regulation of L-PGDS gene expression. The results of electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that upstream stimulatory factor (USF) 1 bound to this atypical E-box. USF1 gene expression was also enhanced during serum starvation in TE671 cells through activation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase, and the efficiency of the binding of USF1 to the atypical E-box was clearly increased by serum starvation. Administration of USF1 siRNA suppressed both L-PGDS and COX-2 gene expression and PGD(2) production. Moreover, NS-398, a COX-2 inhibitor and AT-56, an L-PGDS inhibitor, suppressed PGD(2) production in TE671 cells cultured under the serum-starved condition. These results indicate that PGD(2) production stimulated by serum starvation is mediated by both COX-2 and L-PGDS through enhancement of USF1 in TE671 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Fujimori
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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28
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Machnes Z, Avtalion R, Shirak A, Trombka D, Wides R, Fellous M, Don J. Male-specific protein (MSP): a new gene linked to sexual behavior and aggressiveness of tilapia males. Horm Behav 2008; 54:442-9. [PMID: 18534590 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2008.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2007] [Revised: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
MSP is a male-specific protein initially identified in the serum of sexually active Sarotherodon galilaeus males, and is shown herein to be present in the serum of sexually mature males, but not females, of three other tilapia species. Cloning of the MSP cDNA and analysis of its predicted amino-acid sequence revealed that it is an outlier lipocalin that contains a signal peptide in its N-terminal region. The abundance of highly homologous sequences found in fish and the monophyletic relationship to tetrapod Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) places it as a clade XII lipocalin. MSP was shown to undergo major N-glycosylation, characteristic of many lipocalins. The expression pattern of MSP, as determined at both the RNA and protein levels, points to the liver, head kidney and testis as production tissues, and resembles a pattern typical of some hormones. We found that MSP is secreted in urine and seminal fluids, and is present in the skin mucus of socially dominant males. Moreover, we discovered a positive correlation between MSP levels in the serum and the dominance and aggressive behavior displayed by socially dominant males. Based on these data, we suggest that MSP is a novel male-specific lipocalin that may function in intra and inter-sex communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Machnes
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel
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29
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Shimamoto S, Yoshida T, Inui T, Gohda K, Kobayashi Y, Fujimori K, Tsurumura T, Aritake K, Urade Y, Ohkubo T. NMR Solution Structure of Lipocalin-type Prostaglandin D Synthase. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:31373-9. [PMID: 17715133 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m700123200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (L-PGDS) catalyzes the isomerization of PGH(2), a common precursor of various prostanoids, to produce PGD(2), an endogenous somnogen and nociceptive modulator, in the brain. L-PGDS is a member of the lipocalin superfamily and binds lipophilic substances, such as retinoids and bile pigments, suggesting that L-PGDS is a dual functional protein acting as a PGD(2)-synthesizing enzyme and a transporter for lipophilic ligands. In this study we determined by NMR the three-dimensional structure of recombinant mouse L-PGDS with the catalytic residue Cys-65. The structure of L-PGDS exhibited the typical lipocalin fold, consisting of an eight-stranded, antiparallel beta-barrel and a long alpha-helix associated with the outer surface of the barrel. The interior of the barrel formed a hydrophobic cavity opening to the upper end of the barrel, the size of which was larger than those of other lipocalins, and the cavity contained two pockets. Molecular docking studies, based on the result of NMR titration experiments with retinoic acid and PGH(2) analog, revealed that PGH(2) almost fully occupied the hydrophilic pocket 1, in which Cys-65 was located and all-trans-retinoic acid occupied the hydrophobic pocket 2, in which amino acid residues important for retinoid binding in other lipocalins were well conserved. Mutational and kinetic studies provide the direct evidence for the PGH(2) binding mode. These results indicated that the two binding sites for PGH(2) and retinoic acid in the large cavity of L-PGDS were responsible for the broad ligand specificity of L-PGDS and the non-competitive inhibition of L-PGDS activity by retinoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Shimamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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30
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Wang X, Carré W, Saxton AM, Cogburn LA. Manipulation of thyroid status and/or GH injection alters hepatic gene expression in the juvenile chicken. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007; 117:174-88. [PMID: 17675858 DOI: 10.1159/000103178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2006] [Accepted: 01/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both thyroid hormone (T3) and growth hormone (GH) are important regulators of somatic growth in birds and mammals. Although T3-mediated gene transcription is well known, the molecular basis of T3 interaction with GH on growth and development of birds remains unknown. In earlier studies, we discovered that exogenous GH alone increased accumulation of visceral fat in young chickens, while the combination of GH injections and dietary T3 worked synergistically to deplete body fat. In the present study, cDNA microarray and quantitative RT-PCR analyses enabled us to examine hepatic gene expression in young chickens after chronic manipulation of thyroid status and GH injection alone or in combination with T3. Thyroid status modulates expression of common and unique sets of genes involved in a wide range of molecular functions (i.e., energy metabolism, storage and transport, signal transduction, protein turnover and drug detoxification). Hepatic expression of 35 genes was altered by hypothyroidism (e.g., ADFP, ANGPTL3, GSTalpha, CAT, PPARG, HMGCL, GHR, IGF1, STAT3, THRSPalpha), whereas hyperthyroidism affected expression of another cluster of 13 genes (e.g., IGFBP1, KHK, LDHB, BAIA2L1, SULT1B, TRIAD3). Several genes were identified which have not been previously ascribed as T3 responsive (e.g., DEFB9, EPS8L2, ARHGAP1, LASS2, INHBC). Exogenous GH altered expression of 17 genes (e.g., CCAR1, CYP2C45, GYS2, ENOB, HK1, FABP1, SQLE, SOCS2, UPG2). The T3+GH treatment depleted the greatest amount of body fat, where 34 differentially expressed genes were unique to this group (e.g., C/EBP, CDC42EP1, SYDE2, PCK2, PIK4CA, TH1L, GPT2, BHMT). The marked reduction in body fat brought about by the T3+GH synergism could involve modulation of hormone signaling via altered activity of the Ras superfamily of molecular switches, which control diverse biological processes. In conclusion, this study provides the first global analysis of endocrine (T3 and GH) regulation of hepatic gene transcription in the chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19717, USA
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31
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Fujimori K, Urade Y. Cooperative activation of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase gene expression by activator protein-2beta in proximal promoter and upstream stimulatory factor 1 within intron 4 in human brain-derived TE671 cells. Gene 2007; 397:143-52. [PMID: 17574780 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Revised: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the activation mechanism of gene expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) in human brain-derived TE671 cells. Reporter analyses of constructs carrying various lengths of the promoter region and intron 1 to 6, or 3'-untranslated region of the human L-PGDS gene demonstrated that one atypical E-box (aE-box) at +2569 in intron 4 was critical for transactivation of the gene. The aE-box inside the intron 4 functioned as an enhancer element in both directions and in a cell-type specific manner in TE671 cells. Yeast one-hybrid screening revealed that upstream stimulatory factor (USF) 1 bound to the aE-box. Expression of exogenous USF1 induced the endogenous L-PGDS expression in TE671 cells, whereas administration of USF1 siRNA suppressed L-PGDS expression. Binding of USF1 to the aE-box was confirmed by performing electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Furthermore, USF1-mediated transcriptional activation was dependent upon activator protein (AP)-2beta binding to the AP-2 element at position -98 in the proximal promoter region of human L-PGDS gene. These results indicate that L-PGDS gene expression in TE671 cells was activated by USF1 through the aE-box within intron 4 and cooperatively by AP-2beta in the promoter in a cell-type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Fujimori
- Department of Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, 6-2-4 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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