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Zhu L, Jin Z. Exploring the causal relationship between the immune cell-inflammatory factor axis and lung cancer: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1345765. [PMID: 39267832 PMCID: PMC11390355 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1345765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a major health burden globally and smoking is a well-known risk factor. It has been observed that chronic inflammation contributes to lung cancer progression, with immune cells and inflammatory cytokines implicated in tumor development. Clarifying the causal links between these immune components and lung cancer could enhance prevention and therapy. Methods We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore causal connections between immune cells, inflammatory markers, and lung cancer risk, using genetic variants as instruments. Data from GWAS on these variables underpinned our MR analyses. Results Our findings indicated an inverse association between some immune cells and lung cancer risk, implying that more immune cells might be protective. NK T cells (CD16-CD56) and myeloid cells (HLA DR+ on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b+) had an inverse correlation with lung cancer risk. Furthermore, a direct relationship was observed between inflammatory cytokines and these immune cells. In contrast, IL-18 was inversely associated with lung cancer, while IL-13 showed a direct correlation. Conclusion The study underscores the role of immune and inflammatory factors in lung cancer. These insights could lead to new therapeutic strategies for combating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi Jin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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2
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Manca MA, Scarpa F, Cossu D, Simula ER, Sanna D, Ruberto S, Noli M, Ashraf H, Solinas T, Madonia M, Cusano R, Sechi LA. A Multigene-Panel Study Identifies Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Prostate Cancer Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087594. [PMID: 37108754 PMCID: PMC10142258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role in modulating cancer development and progression. Polymorphisms in key genes involved in immune responses are known to affect susceptibility to cancer. Here, we analyzed 35 genes to evaluate the association between variants of genes involved in immune responses and prostate cancer risk. Thirty-five genes were analyzed in 47 patients with prostate cancer and 43 healthy controls using next-generation sequencing. Allelic and genotype frequencies were calculated in both cohorts, and a generalized linear mixed model was applied to test the relationship between prostate cancer risk and nucleotide substitution. Odds ratios were calculated to describe the association between each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and prostate cancer risk. Significant changes in allelic and genotypic distributions were observed for IL4R, IL12RB1, IL12RB2, IL6, TMPRSS2, and ACE2. Furthermore, a generalized linear mixed model identified statistically significant associations between prostate cancer risk and SNPs in IL12RB2, IL13, IL17A, IL4R, MAPT, and TFNRS1B. Finally, a statistically significant association was observed between IL2RA and TNFRSF1B and Gleason scores, and between SLC11A1, TNFRSF1B and PSA values. We identified SNPs in inflammation and two prostate cancer-associated genes. Our results provide new insights into the immunogenetic landscape of prostate cancer and the impact that SNPs on immune genes may have on affecting the susceptibility to prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Davide Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Elena Rita Simula
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Daria Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruberto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Marta Noli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Hajra Ashraf
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Tatiana Solinas
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Struttura Complessa di Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimo Madonia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Struttura Complessa di Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo A Sechi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Struttura Complessa di Microbiologia e Virologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Jain S, Dhall A, Patiyal S, Raghava GPS. IL13Pred: A method for predicting immunoregulatory cytokine IL-13 inducing peptides. Comput Biol Med 2022; 143:105297. [PMID: 35152041 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is an immunoregulatory cytokine, primarily released by activated T-helper 2 cells. IL-13 induces the pathogenesis of many allergic diseases, such as airway hyperresponsiveness, glycoprotein hypersecretion, and goblet cell hyperplasia. In addition, IL-13 inhibits tumor immunosurveillance, leading to carcinogenesis. Since elevated IL-13 serum levels are severe in COVID-19 patients, predicting IL-13 inducing peptides or regions in a protein is vital to designing safe protein therapeutics particularly immunotherapeutic. OBJECTIVE The present study describes a method to develop, predict, design, and scan IL-13 inducing peptides. METHODS The dataset experimentally validated 313 IL-13 inducing peptides, and 2908 non-inducing homo-sapiens peptides extracted from the immune epitope database (IEDB). A total of 95 key features using the linear support vector classifier with the L1 penalty (SVC-L1) technique was extracted from the originally generated 9165 features using Pfeature. These key features were ranked based on their prediction ability, and the top 10 features were used to build machine learning prediction models. Various machine learning techniques were deployed to develop models for predicting IL-13 inducing peptides. These models were trained, tested, and evaluated using five-fold cross-validation techniques; the best model was evaluated on an independent dataset. RESULTS Our best model based on XGBoost achieves a maximum AUC of 0.83 and 0.80 on the training and independent dataset, respectively. Our analysis indicates that certain SARS-COV2 variants are more prone to induce IL-13 in COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION The best performing model was incorporated in web-server and standalone package named 'IL-13Pred' for precise prediction of IL-13 inducing peptides. For large dataset analysis standalone package of IL-13Pred is available at (https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/il13pred/) webserver and over GitHub link: https://github.com/raghavagps/il13pred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Jain
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Anjali Dhall
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Sumeet Patiyal
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
| | - Gajendra P S Raghava
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Okhla Phase 3, New Delhi, 110020, India.
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Key genes affecting the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma identified by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22176-22187. [PMID: 34544905 PMCID: PMC8507278 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present work was conducted to screen the potential biomarkers affecting nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatic analysis and functional experiments. Materials and Methods: Six normal samples and five NPC clinical samples were collected for RNA-seq analysis. The expression levels in both groups were determined through student’s t-test. We identified genes of P < 0.01 as the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted. Afterwards, STRING V10 database was employed to extract protein interactions among the DEGs. Later, we established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and used the Cytoscape software for network visualization. qRT-PCR was conducted to verify hub genes from clinical samples. Then, the function of CXCL10 in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration was evaluated. Results: A total of 2024 DEGs were identified, among which, 1449 were down-regulated and 575 were up-regulated. The PPI was constructed, and the hub genes including Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1), C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10), Interleukin 13 (IL13), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM1), G Protein Subunit Gamma Transducin 1 (GNGT1), Matrix Metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), Neurexin 1 (NRXN1) and Matrix Metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3) were obtained. The expression levels of CXCL10, IGF1, MMP3, MMP1, ICAM1, and IL-13 were significantly up-regulated in tumor tissues. High expression levels of CXCL10, MMP3 and ICAM1 predicted poor prognosis of NPC patients. CXCL10 silencing suppressed NPC cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions: CXCL10 may serve as a potential key gene affecting NPC genesis and progression.
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Valatabar N, Hosseinpourfeizi M, Safaralizadeh R, Sadeghi-Shabestari M. Relationships Between IL-13 and IL-4 Genotypes and Aeroallergens with Risk of Allergic Rhinitis in Iranian-Azeri. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY IMMUNOLOGY AND PULMONOLOGY 2020; 33:33-38. [PMID: 33406021 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2019.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Up to 40% of the world populations are affected by allergic rhinitis (AR). Interplay between genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors leads to allergic disease. Objective: In this study, we evaluated the accompaniment between polymorphic variants of IL-13 and IL-4 and aeroallergens among Iranian-Azeri children and adolescent in AR's risk. Methods: Five-hundred AR patients and 300 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study after diagnosis via blood testing for IgE and skin prick test by subspecialty of Allergy and Immunology from Azerbaijan, northwest of Iran, from 2017 to 2019. Genomic DNA was prepared from all samples for genotyping of IL-4 and IL-13. Results: We identified genetic variation of IL-13 and IL-4 and important aeroallergens that could increase the AR risk during childhood and adolescent. The risk of AR increased in the subjects with +2044GA genotype of IL13 [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97-3.33] and -590CT genotype of IL4 (adjusted OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.00-3.87) in childhoods, compared with the control subjects. However, none of genotypes and allele frequencies of IL4 -590C/T and IL13 +2044G/A polymorphisms revealed significant variation between the AR patients and controls in adulthood. The frequency of sensitization to pollens was high in all genotypes of IL4 -590C/T and IL13 +2044G/A polymorphisms in both age groups of AR patients. Conclusion: AR is considered to be the most common form of atopic disease. Susceptible individuals had family history of allergic disease and indicated sensitivity to various environmental factors. In this study, pollen and feather played an important role in occurrence of AR. Childhood with GA at IL13 +2044 and CT at IL4 -590 are at increased risk for AR. Moreover, further studies with more samples are required to confirm our findings and also to help us develop new procedure for genetically detecting more efficient proceedings of prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Valatabar
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sadeghi-Shabestari
- Immunology Research Center of Tabriz, TB and Lung Research Center of Tabriz, Children Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Association of Interleukin 13/+110 Gene Polymorphism with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Golestan Province, Northern Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.68270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Wang R, Qin HM, Liao BY, Yang FL, Wang JL. Genetic polymorphisms in interleukin 13 gene with the susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a Chinese population. Cytokine 2019; 115:121-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Shamoun L, Skarstedt M, Andersson RE, Wågsäter D, Dimberg J. Association study on IL-4, IL-4Rα and IL-13 genetic polymorphisms in Swedish patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 487:101-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Yu Y, Zhou J, Gong C, Long Z, Tian J, Zhu L, Li J, Yu H, Wang F, Zhao Y. Dietary factors and microRNA-binding site polymorphisms in the IL13 gene: risk and prognosis analysis of colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47379-47388. [PMID: 28537887 PMCID: PMC5564572 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term dietary intake influences the structure and activity of microorganisms residing in the human gut. The immune response and gut microbiota have a mutual influence on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study examines the association of gut microbiota–related dietary factors and polymorphisms in the microRNA-binding site of the interleukin 13 gene (IL13) with the risk and prognosis of CRC. Three polymorphisms (rs847, rs848, and rs1295685) were selected for genotyping in a case–control study (513 cases, 572 controls), and 386 CRC patients were followed up. Two dietary factors closely related with gut microbiota (allium vegetables, overnight meal) were significantly associated with CRC development. Although the three SNPs showed no statistically significant associations with the risk and prognosis of CRC, a significant antagonistic interaction was found between rs848 (G–T) and allium vegetable intake (ORi (odds ratio of interaction), 0.92; 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.86, 0.99; P = 0.03); moreover, significant combined and synergistic interactions were observed for all three SNPs and overnight meal intake. This is the first report of significant combined and interactive effects between dietary factors and polymorphisms in the microRNA binding site of IL13 in CRC and may provide direct guidance on intake of allium vegetable and overnight meals for individuals with specific genetic variants of IL13 to modify their susceptibility to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Junde Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Long
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Jingshen Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongyuan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yashuang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
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Yin J, Wang X, Wei J, Wang L, Shi Y, Zheng L, Tang W, Ding G, Liu C, Liu R, Chen S, Xu Z, Gu H. Interleukin 12B rs3212227 T > G polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma in a Chinese population. Dis Esophagus 2015; 28:291-8. [PMID: 24529168 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA) is one of common malignant tumors in the world. Multiple genes that play critical roles in inflammatory pathways probably are associated with GCA risk. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to evaluate the genetic effects of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): interleukin 9 (IL9) rs31563 C > T, IL9 rs31564 G > T, IL10 rs1800872 T > G, IL12A rs2243115 T > G, IL12B rs3212227 T > G, and IL13 rs1800925 C > T on the development of GCA. Two hundred and forty-three GCA cases and 476 controls were recruited. Their genotypes were determined using a custom-by-design 48-Plex SNPscan kit. IL12B rs3212227 T > G polymorphism was associated with the increased risk of GCA. However, there was no significant association between the other five SNPs and GCA risk. Stratified analyses indicated that the risk of GCA associated with the IL12B rs3212227 T > G polymorphism was evident among female patients and patients who never smoked or consumed alcoholic drinks. These findings indicated that functional polymorphism IL12B rs3212227 T > G might correlate with GCA risk. However, our results were obtained with a limited sample size; the power of our analysis was low. Larger studies are required to confirm the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Deng Y, Xie M, Xie L, Wang J, Li T, He Y, Li R, Li S, Qin X. Association between polymorphism of the interleukin-13 gene and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in the Chinese population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116682. [PMID: 25658755 PMCID: PMC4319784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine that is produced by activated CD4 T cells. This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between two IL-13 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP rs1800925 and SNP rs20541) and the incidence of hepatitis B virus-related (HBV) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Method Three hundred and ninety-eight HBV-positive individuals (192 HCC and 206 patients with chronic hepatitis) and one hundred and ninety-two healthy participants from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were enrolled in this study. Results The results showed no significant differences between the genotype and allele frequencies of the IL-13 gene rs1800925 and rs20541 polymorphisms and chronic hepatitis B risk after adjusting for age, sex, tobacco use, and alcohol intake using binary logistic regression analyses. Regarding the rs20541 SNP, the GA genotype was significantly related to a decreased risk of HCC after adjusting for age, sex, tobacco use, and alcohol intake using binary logistic regression analyses (The odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.34–0.87). The adjusted OR for the GA and AA genotypes combined was 0.68 (95% CI 0.39–0.90). Conclusion This study indicates that the functional IL-13 rs20541 polymorphism may contribute to the risk of HCC and that the rs20541 polymorphism is a protective factor for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Taijie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruolin Li
- Department of Medicine Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- * E-mail: (SL); (XQ)
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- * E-mail: (SL); (XQ)
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12
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Shamran HA, Ghazi HF, Al-Salman A, Al-Juboory AA, Taub DD, Price RL, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS, Singh UP. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in IL-10, IL-12p40, and IL-13 Genes and Susceptibility to Glioma. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:790-6. [PMID: 26516307 PMCID: PMC4615239 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most aggressive and most common tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in humans. The exact causes of glioma are not well known, but evidence suggests the involvement of genetic factors in addition to environmental risk factors. The present study aimed to determine whether polymorphisms in IL-10-1082A/G, IL-12p40 1188C/A, and IL-13+2044G/A (rs20541) are associated with the incidence of glioma in Iraqi patients. Ninety-six patients with different grades of glioma and 40 apparently healthy individuals were recruited. A blood sample and genomic DNA were collected from all subjects. The amplification refractory mutation system and sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for genotyping of IL-10-1082A/G and IL-12p40 1188C/A, respectively; whereas, the IL-13+2044G/A was detected by DNA sequencing after amplification of the genes by PCR. All SNPs were within Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and each appeared in three genotypes in patients and controls. In IL-10-1082A/G, these genotypes frequencies were AA (75%), AG (22.93%) and GG (2.07%) in patients as compared to similar frequencies (62.5%), (27.5%) and (10%) respectively, in controls. The variant IL-12p40 1188C/A genotype was AA (72.92%), AC (23.96%), and CC (3.13%%) in patients as compared to 65%, 30%, and 5%, respectively, in controls. The frequencies of IL-13+2044G/A genotypes (GG, GA, and AA) were 89.58%, 9.37%, and 1.04% among patients versus 47.5%, 32.5% and 20%, respectively, among controls. These results suggest a protective role of mutant alleles G and A in IL-10-1082A/G and IL-13+2044G/A against gliomas. Further studies with more rigorous parameter designs will be needed to confirm the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidar A Shamran
- 1. Medical research Unit, Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, University of AL-Nahrain, Baghdad Iraq
| | - Haidar F Ghazi
- 1. Medical research Unit, Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, University of AL-Nahrain, Baghdad Iraq
| | - Ahmed Al-Salman
- 2. Biotechnology Department, School of Science, University of Baghdad
| | | | - Dennis D Taub
- 4. Center for Translational Studies, Medical Services, VA Medical Center, Department of Veteran Affairs, Washington DC, USA
| | - Robert L Price
- 5. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- 5. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- 5. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- 5. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
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