1
|
Gupta V, Birla S, Varshney T, Somarajan BI, Gupta S, Gupta M, Panigrahi A, Singh A, Gupta D. In vivo identification of angle dysgenesis and its relation to genetic markers associated with glaucoma using artificial intelligence. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:339-346. [PMID: 38146977 PMCID: PMC11001234 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1456_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To predict the presence of angle dysgenesis on anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (ADoA) by using deep learning (DL) and to correlate ADoA with mutations in known glaucoma genes. PARTICIPANTS In total, 800 high-definition anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images were included, of which 340 images were used to build the machine learning (ML) model. Images used to build the ML model included 170 scans of primary congenital glaucoma (16 patients), juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (62 patients), and adult-onset primary open-angle glaucoma eyes (37 patients); the rest were controls (n = 85). The genetic validation dataset consisted of another 393 images of patients with known mutations that were compared with 320 images of healthy controls. METHODS ADoA was defined as the absence of Schlemm's canal, the presence of hyperreflectivity over the region of the trabecular meshwork, or a hyperreflective membrane. DL was used to classify a given AS-OCT image as either having angle dysgenesis or not. ADoA was then specifically looked for on AS-OCT images of patients with mutations in the known genes for glaucoma. RESULTS The final prediction, which was a consensus-based outcome from the three optimized DL models, had an accuracy of >95%, a specificity of >97%, and a sensitivity of >96% in detecting ADoA in the internal test dataset. Among the patients with known gene mutations, ( MYOC, CYP1B1, FOXC1, and LTBP2 ) ADoA was observed among all the patients in the majority of the images, compared to only 5% of the healthy controls. CONCLUSION ADoA can be objectively identified using models built with DL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viney Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Birla
- Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Toshit Varshney
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Bindu I Somarajan
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Mrinalini Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arnav Panigrahi
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Gupta
- Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar A, Han Y, Oatts JT. Genetic changes and testing associated with childhood glaucoma: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298883. [PMID: 38386645 PMCID: PMC10883561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Many forms of childhood glaucoma have been associated with underlying genetic changes, and variants in many genes have been described. Currently, testing is variable as there are no widely accepted guidelines for testing. This systematic review aimed to summarize the literature describing genetic changes and testing practices in childhood glaucoma. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines and registered with Prospero (ID CRD42023400467). A comprehensive review of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed from inception through March 2, 2023 using the search terms: (glaucoma) AND (pediatric OR childhood OR congenital OR child OR infant OR infantile) AND (gene OR genetic OR genotype OR locus OR genomic OR mutation OR variant OR test OR screen OR panel). Information was extracted regarding genetic variants including genotype-phenotype correlation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Of 1,916 records screened, 196 studies met inclusion criteria and 53 genes were discussed. Among study populations, mean age±SD at glaucoma diagnosis was 8.94±9.54 years and 50.4% were male. The most common gene discussed was CYP1B1, evaluated in 109 (55.6%) studies. CYP1B1 variants were associated with region and population-specific prevalence ranging from 5% to 86% among those with primary congenital glaucoma. MYOC variants were discussed in 31 (15.8%) studies with prevalence up to 36% among patients with juvenile open angle glaucoma. FOXC1 variants were discussed in 25 (12.8%) studies, which demonstrated phenotypic severity dependent on degree of gene expression and type of mutation. Overall risk of bias was low; the most common domains of bias were selection and comparability. Numerous genes and genetic changes have been associated with childhood glaucoma. Understanding the most common genes as well as potential genotype-phenotype correlation has the potential to improve diagnostic and prognostic outcomes for children with glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anika Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Julius T. Oatts
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dai A, Cheng X, Wang W, Li R, Gao X, Li S, Liu T. A novel heterozygous c.733 T > G MYOC mutation associated with juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma in a Chinese family. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:2488-2493. [PMID: 36543942 PMCID: PMC10397252 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To detect mutations in juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma in a Chinese family and to describe the characteristic ophthalmic phenotypes of this pedigree. METHODS There were 14 individuals in this four-generation pedigree. All living members of the family underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations. Five patients presented with elevated intraocular pressures. All of them shared early-onset disease, with a mean onset age of 14.4 years and continuing aggressive damage to their optic nerves. Hyperpigmentation in the trabecular meshwork and sometimes-broad iris processes were noted in this family using gonioscopy. All exons of candidate genes (MYOC, OPTN, CYP1B1) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction, and analysed with an ABI 3700XL Genetic Analyser. RESULTS A heterozygous missense mutation in exon 3 (c.733 T > G) of the MYOC gene was found in the five JOAG patients and one 7-year-old boy with no ophthalmic manifestation of glaucoma, but it was absent in other members of the family and in the controls. This mutation resulted in a transversion of cysteine to glycine (Cys245Gly). CONCLUSIONS We concluded the novel MYOC c.733 T > G mutation found in a Chinese family with JOAG caused a severe type of JOAG exhibiting early onset, high IOP, and severe optic nerve damage. Interestingly, unlike other reported MYOC mutation families, our patients exhibited marked angle pigmentation and iris processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiai Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Runpu Li
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Gao
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tiecheng Liu
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakahara E, Hulleman JD. A Simple Secretion Assay for Assessing New and Existing Myocilin Variants. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:918-922. [PMID: 35196929 PMCID: PMC9743483 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2047205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A lack of sufficient functional information exists for appropriately categorizing a large number of myocilin (MYOC) variants and their involvement in primary open angle glaucoma, hindering their clinical significance classification. Most glaucoma-causing MYOC mutations result in protein non-secretion and intracellular insoluble aggregate formation in cultured cells. Herein, we generated a Gaussia luciferase-based MYOC fusion protein to quickly and sensitively track the secretion of MYOC variants and compared these results to the better-established western blotting assay for MYOC. METHODS Fourteen clinically-derived MYOC variants with varying degrees of predicted pathogenicity were transfected into HEK-293A cells and analyzed by either a luciferase assay or western blotting. RESULTS Eight of the variants (G12R, V53A, T204T, P254L, T325T, D380H, D395_E396insDP, and P481S) had not been biochemically assessed previously. Of these, P254L and D395_E396insDP demonstrated significant secretion defects reminiscent of glaucoma-causing mutations. The luciferase assay results agreed with western blotting for thirteen of the fourteen variants (93%), suggesting a strong concordance. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the Gaussia luciferase assay may be used as a complementary or standalone assay for quickly assessing MYOC variant behavior and we anticipate that these results will be useful in MYOC variant curation and reclassification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Nakahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States
| | - John D. Hulleman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States, Tel.: 1 214 648 3677; Fax: 1 214 648 9061,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xie JJ, Zhang GW, Cui HY, Li N, Liu XX, Hao MY, Wang SW, Lu H. Penetrance of MYOC gene mutation in primary open-angle glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:240-247. [PMID: 35014583 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.2021427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the penetrance of MYOC gene mutation in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) through systematic review and meta-analysis. To explore the factors affecting the penetrance of MYOC and provide evidence-based medical evidence for clinical work. METHODS We searched all studies that reported the penetrance of MYOC mutation in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese databases including Wanfang, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and CBM (China Bio-Med). Random effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG. RESULTS Fifty-two studies were included in this analysis after screening. Meta-analysis of the penetrance of MYOC mutation showed that the penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG was 60% (95% CI: 51.0% to 68.0%) and the penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG and suspected POAG was 68% (95% CI: 60.0% to 75.0%). The penetrance of MYOC mutation increases with age. Among Caucasians, Asians, and Africans, the penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG was 55%, 71%, 54%, respectively, and the penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG and suspected POAG was 64%, 83%, and 57%, respectively. Besides, the penetrance of different MYOC mutation sites was significantly discrepant. The penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG ranged from 10.3% to 100% depending on the mutation sites. Some MYOC mutation sites have a certain population specificity, which is only pathogenic in Caucasians or Asians. CONCLUSIONS The penetrance of MYOC mutation in POAG showed significant differences due to different mutation sites. The penetrance increased with the accrescent of age. Ethnic difference was an important factor affecting the penetrance of MYOC mutation. Knowing the rules and influencing factors of the penetrance of MYOC mutations is significant for the assessment of the risk of POAG in carriers with the MYOC mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Yue Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Yao Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shao-Wen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Selvan H, Gupta S, Wiggs JL, Gupta V. Juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma - A clinical and genetic update. Surv Ophthalmol 2022; 67:1099-1117. [PMID: 34536459 PMCID: PMC9192165 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (JOAG) is a subset of primary open-angle glaucoma that is diagnosed before 40 years of age. The disease may be familial or non-familial, with proportions varying among different populations. Myocilin mutations are the most commonly associated. JOAG is characterized by high intraocular pressures (IOP), with many patients needing surgery. The mean age at diagnosis is in the 3rd decade, with a male preponderance. Myopia is a common association. The pathophysiology underlying the disease is immaturity of the conventional outflow pathways, which may or may not be observed on gonioscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The unique optic nerve head features include large discs with deep, steep cupping associated with high IOP-induced damage. Progression rates among JOAG patients are comparable to adult primary glaucomas, but as the disease affects younger patients, the projected disability from this disease is higher. Early diagnosis, prompt management, and life-long monitoring play an important role in preventing disease progression. Gene-based therapies currently under investigation offer future hope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harathy Selvan
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Viney Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Corresponding author: Viney Gupta, MD, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India. (V. Gupta)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gupta V, Somarajan BI, Gupta S, Walia GK, Singh A, Sofi R, Chaudhary RS, Sharma A. The mutational spectrum of Myocilin gene among familial versus sporadic cases of Juvenile onset open angle glaucoma. Eye (Lond) 2020; 35:400-408. [PMID: 32300215 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0850-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Juvenile onset primary open angle glaucoma (JOAG) is a rare disorder associated with high IOP and progressive optic neuropathy in patients diagnosed before the age of 40 years. While in some populations it has primarily an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, in others it occurs in a primarily sporadic form. The main aim of the study was to assess the relative prevalence of Myocilin (MYOC) mutations in familial versus sporadic cases of JOAG. METHODS We screened 92 unrelated (sporadic) JOAG patients, and 22 affected families (70 affected members and 36 unaffected) for variations in the MYOC gene. We also analyzed the clinical features associated with these variations. RESULTS Three coding sequence variants were identified as mutations causing JOAG. Four families segregated distinct mutations at Gly367Arg, and two families at Gln337Arg, while only two sporadic JOAG cases harbored MYOC mutations (Gly367Arg and Gln48His). The frequency of MYOC mutations in familial cases (27%) was significantly higher than in sporadic JOAG cases (2%); p = 0.001. A 90% penetrance for the Gly367Arg variant was seen by the age of 40 years in our patients. Characteristic allele signatures, indicative of specific founder effects, were not observed for the Gly367Arg mutation that was looked for in 12 patients among 2 geographically close families, which harbored this mutation. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that genetic screening for MYOC mutations should be focused toward cases with familial rather than sporadically occurring JOAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viney Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Bindu I Somarajan
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Gupta
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Abhishek Singh
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rayees Sofi
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Richard Sher Chaudhary
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arundhati Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Svidnicki PV, Braghini CA, Costa VP, Schimiti RB, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB. Occurrence of MYOC and CYP1B1 variants in juvenile open angle glaucoma Brazilian patients. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 39:717-724. [PMID: 30484747 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2018.1546405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to screen juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG) patients from Brazil for variants within the MYOC and CYP1B1 genes. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we evaluated the coding regions of MYOC and CYP1B1 genes in 100 non-related patients with JOAG and 200 controls through Sanger sequencing. We also tested the most frequent single nucleotide variants of CYP1B1 for association with JOAG. RESULTS Sixteen different sequence variants in the MYOC gene were observed in JOAG patients: eight variants were described as neutral and eight were identified in 34 out of 100 patients with JOAG and no controls, thus being considered damaging. In the CYP1B1 gene, nine neutral variants and two damaging alterations were found among JOAG patients. No association between CYP1B1 variants and JOAG was detected. CONCLUSION While MYOC damaging alterations were highly prevalent (34%), CYP1B1 damaging variants were less frequent (2%) in this cohort of Brazilian JOAG patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Vinicius Svidnicki
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Carolina Ayumi Braghini
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Vital Paulino Costa
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Rui Barroso Schimiti
- b Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil.,c Glaucoma Service , Hoftalon Hospital , Londrina , PR , Brazil
| | | | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- a Laboratory of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering - CBMEG , University of Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marques AM, Ananina G, Costa VP, de Vasconcellos JPC, de Melo MB. Estimating the age of the p.Cys433Arg variant in the MYOC gene in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207409. [PMID: 30444892 PMCID: PMC6239314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the age of the Cys433Arg (c.1297T>C, p.Cys433Arg) variant by comparing the genotypes of individuals affected and not affected by primary open angle glaucoma juvenile onset (JOAG). Our sample consisted of 35 JOAG-affected individuals from three families, 16 unrelated patients with the MYOC p.Cys433Arg variant and 16 unaffected individuals. Genomic DNA was amplified by PCR; nine short tandem repeats were genotyped through automated electrophoresis and three single nucleotide polymorphisms through Sanger sequencing. The determination of haplotypes was performed using Arlequin software and age estimation was performed using DMLE+ 2.3 and BDMC21 softwares. Four markers constituted the haplotypes associated with the p.Cys433Arg variant. The software DMLE+2.3 predicted an age of 43 generations for this variant with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 28 to 76 generations (560-1520 years) and BDMC21 predicted an age of 59 generations (1180 years) (95% CI: 40 to 100).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Marques
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Galina Ananina
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vital Paulino Costa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Paulo Cabral de Vasconcellos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica Barbosa de Melo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yao YH, Wang YQ, Fang WF, Zhang L, Yang JH, Zhu YH. A recurrent G367R mutation in MYOC associated with juvenile open angle glaucoma in a large Chinese family. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:369-374. [PMID: 29600168 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.03.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the mutations of MYOC, OPTN, CYP1B1 and WDR36 in a large Chinese family affected by juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG). METHODS Of 114 members of one family were recruited in this study. Blood samples from twelve members of this pedigree were collected for further research. As a control, 100 unrelated subjects were recruited from the same hospital. The exon and flanking intron sequences of candidate genes were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing. RESULTS The proband (III:10) was a seventy-three years old woman with binocular JOAG at the age of 31. A recurrent heterozygous mutation (c.1099G>A) of MYOC was identified in the three JOAG patients and another suspect. This transition was located in the first base pair of codon 367 (GGA>AGA) in exon 3 of MYOC and was predicted to be a missense substitution of glycine to arginine (p.G367R) in myocilin. Mutations in OPTN, CYP1B1 or WDR36 were not detected in this study. The G367R mutation was not present in unaffected family members or in 100 ethnically matched controls. Other variants of the coding regions of candidate genes were not detected in all participants. To date, this family was the largest to have been identified as carrying a certain MYOC mutation in China, further evidence of a founder effect for the G367R MYOC mutant was provided by our data. CONCLUSION A MYOC c.1099G>A mutation in an autosomal dominant JOAG family is identified and the characteristic phenotypes among the patients are summarized. Genetic testing could be utilized in high-risk populations and be helpful not only for genetic counseling, but also for early diagnosis and treatment of affected patients or carriers of inherited JOAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ya-Qin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taihe Hospital, Shiyan 442008, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442008, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei-Fang Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Fuzhou Eye Hospital, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ju-Hua Yang
- Biomedical Engineering Center of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Restrepo NA, Cooke Bailey JN. Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetics in African Americans. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2017; 5:167-174. [PMID: 29276656 PMCID: PMC5739069 DOI: 10.1007/s40142-017-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Individuals of African descent are at highest risk for developing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a devastating disease and major contributor of blindness worldwide. Currently, there is a large dearth of knowledge in this area despite a critical need for better understanding the underlying genetic and environmental factors afflicting this population. Here we highlight the current literature exploring the genetics of POAG in African Americans. RECENT FINDINGS Current studies have yet to replicate European POAG index variants (i.e. CDKN2B-AS1 and SIX1/SIX6) in African Americans or to definitely exclude that these loci contribute to risk in African descent populations. Recent studies have evaluated clinical features that may account for some differences in POAG risk between African Americans and European Americans. SUMMARY In summary, little headway has been made in elucidating the genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma in African Americans and other individuals of African descent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Restrepo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jessica N. Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar S, Malik MA, Goswami S, Sihota R, Kaur J. Candidate genes involved in the susceptibility of primary open angle glaucoma. Gene 2016; 577:119-31. [PMID: 26621382 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
13
|
Li CM, Zhang YH, Ye RH, Yi CX, Zhong YM, Cao D, Liu X. Anticipation, anti-glaucoma drug treatment response and phenotype of a Chinese family with glaucoma caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin mutation. Int J Ophthalmol 2014; 7:44-50. [PMID: 24634862 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.01.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To describe the anticipation and anti-glaucoma drugs response of a Chinese family with juvenile-onset open angle glaucoma (JOAG) caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin (MYOC) mutation. METHODS Fifteen members of a three-generation Chinese family with JOAG were recruited to this study. They all underwent ophthalmic common examinations. Patients suspected to have JOAG got an assessment of visual field and optical coherence tomography. Intraocular pressures (IOPs) of four patients were measured at 8, 10, 12, 14, 17 o'clock respectively after using anti-glaucoma drugs. Mutation screening of all MYOC gene coding exons of the participants was performed by using direct sequencing of PCR products. RESULTS Clinical examinations and pedigree analysis revealed eight family members were suffered from JOAG. Apparent genetics anticipation phenomenon was observed in this family. Their clinical features included elevated IOP of 35-55mmHg, loss of visual field, thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer, and glaucomatous optic disc damage. Noticeably, their intraocular pressure levels could be controlled within normal range at 8 and 10 o'clock by anti-glaucoma drugs, but their IOPs would elevate >21mmHg after 12 o'clock. Seven patients received trabeculectomy produced thin-walled, pale, and saccate filtering blebs maintaining lower intraocular pressure efficiently. Mutation screening indentified a heterozygous C→T missense mutation in the MYOC gene at position 1 109 in exon 3, corresponding to a substitution of a highly conserved proline to leucine at codon 370 in the olfactomedin domain of MYOC. CONCLUSION The clinical characteristics of JOAG in this family were 1) genetics anticipation; 2) high IOP; 3) temporay response to anti-glaucoma drugs; 4) filtering surgery produced thin-walled and saccate filtering blebs, helping maintain lower IOP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue-Hong Zhang
- First Municipal People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rong-Hua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chang-Xian Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Min Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|