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Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition ameliorated WFS1 expression alterations and reduced pancreatic islets' insulin secretion induced by high-fat diet in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1860. [PMID: 36725880 PMCID: PMC9892558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the development of glucose homeostasis impairment. When ER stress occurs, the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to cope with it. One of the UPR components is WFS1 (Wolfram syndrome 1), which plays important roles in ER homeostasis and pancreatic islets glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Accordingly and considering that feeding high-fat food has a major contribution in metabolic disorders, this study aimed to investigate the possible involvement of pancreatic ER stress in glucose metabolism impairment induced by feeding high-fat diet (HFD) in male rats. After weaning, the rats were divided into six groups, and fed on normal diet and HFD for 20 weeks, then 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA, an ER stress inhibitor) was administered. Subsequently, in all groups, after performing glucose tolerance test, the animals were dissected and their pancreases were removed to extract ER, islets isolation and assessment of GSIS. Moreover, the pancreatic ER stress [binding of immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP)] and oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and catalase] biomarkers as well as WFS1 expression level were evaluated. HFD decreased pancreatic WFS1 protein and GSH levels, and enhanced pancreatic catalase activity, MDA content, BIP and CHOP protein and mRNA levels as well as Wfs1 mRNA amount. Accordingly, it increased BIP, CHOP and WFS1 protein levels in the extracted ER of pancreas. In addition, the HFD caused glucose intolerance, and decreased the islets' GSIS and insulin content. However, 4-PBA administration restored the alterations. It seems that, HFD consumption through inducing pancreatic ER stress, altered WFS1 expression levels, reduced the islets' GSIS and insulin content and finally impaired glucose homeostasis.
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Yousefzadeh N, Jeddi S, Ghasemi A. Impaired Cardiovascular Function in Male Rats with Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism: Involvement of Imbalanced Nitric Oxide Synthase Levels. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:526-533. [PMID: 32384042 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200508115543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE All three isoforms of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) are targets for thyroid hormones in the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on inducible (iNOS), endothelial (eNOS), and neural (nNOS) NOS levels in aorta and heart tissues of male rats. METHODS Rats were divided into control, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid groups; hypo- and hyperthyroidism were induced by adding propylthiouracil (500 mg/L) and L-thyroxine (12 mg/L) to drinking water for a period of 21 days. On day 21, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), peak rate of positive and negative (±dp/dt) changes in left ventricular pressure as well as NO metabolites (NOx) and iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS protein levels in aorta and heart, were all measured. RESULTS Compared to controls, LVDP and ±dp/dt were lower in both hypo- and hyperthyroid rats. Compared to controls, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were lower in hypothyroid and higher in hyperthyroid rats. NOx levels in the heart of hypothyroid rats were lower (53%), whereas that in hyperthyroid rats were higher (56% and 40%) than controls. Compared to controls, hypothyroid rats had lower levels of eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS in the aorta (16%, 34%, and 15%, respectively) and lower iNOS and higher nNOS in heart tissue (27% and 46%). In hyperthyroid rats, eNOS levels were lower (54% and 30%) and iNOS were higher (63%, and 35%) in the aorta and heart while nNOS was lower in the aorta (18%). CONCLUSION Hypothyroidism increased while hyperthyroidism decreased the ratio of eNOS/iNOS in aorta and heart; these changes of NOS levels were associated with impaired cardiovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasibeh Yousefzadeh
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gomaa RS, Mahmoud NM, Mohammed NA. Octreotide (somatostatin analog) attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in rat model of hyperthyroidism. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hyperthyroidism is known to increase the risk of ischemic heart diseases. Octreotide has been reported to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Whether it is useful when ischemic heart disease is accompanied with co-morbidities like hyperthyroidism needs more clarifying. So, this study aimed to explore the effect of octreotide on cardiac I/R injury in hyperthyroid rats and to clarify if Nrf2 activation is involved in this effect. Forty adult female Wistar rats were subdivided into control (euthyroid) (n = 10) and hyperthyroid (n = 30) groups. Rats in hyperthyroid group received l-thyroxine (12 mg/L) in drinking water for 35 days, then were randomly divided into three equal subgroups (n = 10): hyperthyroid control positive group, hyperthyroid octreotide treated group, and hyperthyroid octreotide + Nrf2 inhibitor (brusatol) treated group. Isolated hearts were submitted to I/R and evaluated for cardiac hemodynamics and infarct size. Serum T3 and T4, coronary efflux lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-myoglobin binding (CK-MB) and cardiac tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. Nrf2- regulated gene expressions of HO-1, SOD, GPx, and catalase were assessed.
Results
Octreotide administration to hyperthyroid rats improved baseline and post-ischemic recovery of cardiac hemodynamics, decreased the high coronary efflux LDH and CK-MB and tissue MDA, reduced infarction size, and upregulated the decreased antioxidative enzymes HO-1, SOD, GPx, and catalase mRNA expressions in the hyperthyroid I/R rat hearts. The Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol reversed the cardioprotective effect of octreotide in hyperthyroid I/R rat hearts.
Conclusion
Octreotide can reduce oxidative stress to effectively alleviate I/R injury in the hyperthyroid rat hearts through upregulation of Nrf2-dependent antioxidative signaling pathways.
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Dose-Dependent Effects of Long-Term Administration of Hydrogen Sulfide on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Male Wistar Rats: Modulation of RKIP, NF-κB, and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041415. [PMID: 32093102 PMCID: PMC7073056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased circulating levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are associated with higher mortality following myocardial ischemia. This study aimed at determining the long-term dose-dependent effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) administration on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Male rats were divided into control and NaSH groups that were treated for 9 weeks with daily intraperitoneal injections of normal saline or NaSH (0.28, 0.56, 1.6, 2.8, and 5.6 mg/kg), respectively. At the end of the study, hearts from all rats were isolated and hemodynamic parameters were recorded during baseline and following IR. In isolated hearts, infarct size, oxidative stress indices as well as mRNA expression of H2S-, nitric oxide (NO)-producing enzymes, and inflammatory markers were measured. In heart tissue following IR, low doses of NaSH (0.28 and 0.56 mg/kg) had no effect, whereas an intermediate dose (1.6 mg/kg), improved recovery of hemodynamic parameters, decreased infarct size, and decreased oxidative stress. It also increased expression of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS), as well as decreased expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). At the high dose of 5.6 mg/kg, NaSH administration was associated with worse recovery of hemodynamic parameters and increased infarct size as well as increased oxidative stress. This dose also decreased expression of CSE, RKIP, and eNOS and increased expression of iNOS and NF-κB. In conclusion, chronic treatment with NaSH has a U-shaped concentration effect on IR injury in heart tissue. An intermediate dose was associated with higher CSE-derived H2S, lower iNOS-derived NO, lower oxidative stress, and inflammation in heart tissue following IR.
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Changes in nitric oxide synthase levels are associated with impaired cardiac function and tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury in male rats with transient congenital hypothyroidism. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1103-1111. [PMID: 31940052 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01812-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transient congenital hypothyroidism (TCH) has long-lasting consequences on the cardiovascular system during adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine whether nitric oxide (NO) and NO-producing enzymes are involved in impaired cardiac function as well as decreased tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in adult male rats with TCH. Pregnant rats were divided into control and hypothyroid groups. Male offspring rats were categorized in control and hypothyroid (TCH) groups at week 16. Levels of NOx (nitrate+nitrite) and neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS) were measured in hearts of rats and isolated perfused hearts from both groups were subjected to IR. Levels of NOx and NOSs were also measured in both groups after ischemia. Compared with controls, heart NOx levels were higher at baseline (48.0 ± 4.9 vs. 35.0 ± 2.6 μmol/L; P = 0.034) and following IR (103.6 ± 4.2 vs. 70.2 ± 2.7 μmol/L; P < 0.001) in rat with TCH. At baseline, compared with controls, heart iNOS and nNOS levels were significantly higher in rats with TCH (6.12 ± 0.34 vs. 4.78 ± 0.27 ng/mg protein; P = 0.008 for iNOS and 4.87 ± 0.28 vs. 3.55 ± 0.23 ng/mg protein; P = 0.003 for nNOS). Following IR, in rats with TCH, heart iNOS levels increased (11.75 ± 2.02 vs. 6.12 ± 0.34, ng/mg protein; P = 0.015) whereas nNOS level decreased (4.10 ± 0.25 vs. 4.87 ± 0.28 ng/mg protein; P = 0.063). Adverse effects of TCH on cardiac function are associated with increased ratio of iNOS/eNOS; in addition, increased heart nNOS levels are involved in impaired cardiac function while its decrease is associated with decreased tolerance to IR injury.
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Tan Z, Liu H, Song X, Ling Y, He S, Yan Y, Yan J, Wang S, Wang X, Chen A. Honokiol post-treatment ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing autophagic flux and reducing intracellular ROS production. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jeddi S, Gholami H, Gheibi S, Kashfi K, Ghasemi A. Altered gene expression of hydrogen sulfide-producing enzymes in the liver and muscles tissues of hyperthyroid rats. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17937-17945. [PMID: 30825200 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones have a role in the regulation of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) biosynthesis. In this study, we determined the effects of hyperthyroidism on H2 S levels in various tissues and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) in the liver and muscles of the rat. Sixteen male Wistar rats were divided into the hyperthyroid and the control groups. Hyperthyroidism was induced by adding l-thyroxine (12 mg/L) to drinking water for a period of 21 days. H2 S concentrations in serum, liver, aorta, heart, and soleus muscles, as well as mRNA expressions of CBS, CSE, and 3-MST in these tissues were measured at Day 21. Hyperthyroid rats had lower H2 S levels in the serum compared with controls (14.7 ± 1.4 vs. 25.7 ± 1.6 µmol/L, p < 0.001). Compared with controls, hyperthyroid rats had lower levels of H2 S in the aorta (89%), heart (80%), and soleus (103%) muscles, but higher levels in the liver (35%). Hyperthyroidism decreased the ratio of CBS/CSE mRNA expression in the liver and the CSE/CBS mRNA expression in the muscles by decreasing CBS levels in liver (34% cf. controls) and CSE levels in the aorta, heart, and soleus muscles (respectively, 51%, 7%, and 52% cf.). In addition, hyperthyroidism decreased the mRNA expression of 3-MST in the liver (51%) and aorta (33%), and increased it in the heart (300%) and soleus muscle (182%). In conclusion, hyperthyroidism increased H2 S levels in the liver and decreased it in muscles; these effects are at least in part due to increases and decreases in expression of CSE in the liver and muscles, respectively. These data indicate an association between thyroid hormone status and gene expression of the H2 S-producing enzymes in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Gholami
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sevda Gheibi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wang TT, Shi MM, Liao XL, Li YQ, Yuan HX, Li Y, Liu X, Ning DS, Peng YM, Yang F, Mo ZW, Jiang YM, Xu YQ, Li H, Wang M, Ou ZJ, Xia Z, Ou JS. Overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the diabetic heart compromises ischemic postconditioning. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 129:144-153. [PMID: 30797815 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia postconditioning (PTC) can reduce myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the effectiveness of PTC cardioprotection is reduced or lost in diabetes and the mechanisms are largely unclear. Hyperglycemia can induce overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS) in the myocardium of diabetic subjects. However, it is unknown whether or not iNOS especially its overexpression plays an important role in the loss of cardioprotection of PTC in diabetes. C57BL6 and iNOS-/- mice were treated with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Part of diabetic C57BL6 mice were also treated with an iNOS specific inhibitor, 1400 W. Mice were subjected to myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion with/without PTC. The hemodynamic parameters, plasma levels of cardiac troponin T (cTnT), TNF-α, IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) were monitored. The myocardial infarct size, superoxide anion (O2-) generation, nitrotyrosine production and apoptosis were measured. The expression of phosphorylated Akt, endothelial NOS (eNOS), iNOS and Erk1/2 in ischemic heart were detected by immunoblot analysis. In diabetic C57BL6 and iNOS-/- mice, the post-ischemic hemodynamics were impaired, the cTnT, TNF-α, IL-6 level, myocardial infarct size, apoptotic index, O2- and nitrotyrosine generation were increased and the Akt/eNOS signal pathways were inhibited. PTC improved hemodynamic parameters, reduced cTnT level, myocardial infarct size, apoptotic index, O2- and nitrotyrosine generation and activated Akt/eNOS and Erk1/2 signal pathways in both non-diabetic C57BL6 and iNOS-/- mice as well as diabetic iNOS-/- mice, but not in diabetic C57BL6 mice. PTC also increased NO production in both non-diabetic and diabetic C57BL6 and iNOS-/- mice, and enhanced iNOS expression in non-diabetic C57BL6 mice. 1400 W restored the cardioprotection of PTC in diabetic C57BL6 mice. Our data demonstrated that PTC reduced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in non-diabetic mice but not C57BL6 diabetic mice. Deletion of iNOS restored the cardioprotection of PTC in diabetic mice. Our findings suggest that iNOS plays a key role in the reduction of cardioprotection of PTC in diabetes and may provide a therapeutic target for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Wang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Mao-Mao Shi
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Liao
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Yu-Quan Li
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Hao-Xiang Yuan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Da-Sheng Ning
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Yue-Ming Peng
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Mo
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China
| | - Yu-Mei Jiang
- Department of Extracorporeal circulation, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Ying-Qi Xu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jun Ou
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China.
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China; National and Guangdong Province Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
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Zhang FW, Tong J, Yan YS, Chen QQ, Zhao XP. ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Postconditioning Protects the Isolated Perfused Rat Heart from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cardiorenal Med 2018; 8:173-182. [PMID: 29642067 DOI: 10.1159/000487490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) postconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 15 for each) and used to generate the Langendorff isolated perfused rat heart model. The sham group received a continuous perfusion of 150 min. The remaining three I/R-treated groups sequentially received a 30-min perfusion, a 30-min cardioplegia, and a 90-min reperfusion. The I/R-ischemic preconditioning (IP) group additionally received three cycles of 20-s reperfusion and 20-s coronary reocclusion preceded the 90 min of reperfusion. The I/R-ω group were perfused with ω-3 PUFAs for 15 min before the 90 min of reperfusion. The myocardial infarct size, the degree of mitochondrial damage, the antioxidant capacity of the myocardium, and the cardiac functions during reperfusion were compared among groups. RESULTS Compared with the I/R group, the I/R-ω group had significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, reduced levels of lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde, elevated superoxide dismutase level, and elevated rising (+dp/dtmax) and descending (-dp/dtmax) rate of left ventricular pressure. The I/R-ω group had a significantly lower rate of mitochondrial damage in myocardial tissue compared with the I/R and I/R-IP groups. CONCLUSION ω-3 PUFA postconditioning possesses good cardioprotective effects and may be developed into a therapeutic strategy for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Tong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun-Qing Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhao
- Department of Pathology, 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, China
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Polydatin Protects Diabetic Heart against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Notch1/Hes1-Mediated Activation of Pten/Akt Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2750695. [PMID: 29636838 PMCID: PMC5831600 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2750695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes exacerbates oxidative/nitrative stress during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Recent studies highlighted the cardioprotective actions of polydatin. However, its effect on diabetic MI/R injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of polydatin on diabetic MI/R injury with a focus on Notch1/Hes1 signaling and myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress. Streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats were administered with polydatin (20 mg/kg/d) in the absence or presence of DAPT (a γ-secretase inhibitor) or LY294002 (a PI3K/Akt inhibitor) and then subjected to MI/R injury. Polydatin administration preserved cardiac function and reduced myocardial infarct size. Moreover, polydatin ameliorated myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress damage as evidenced by decreased myocardial superoxide generation, malondialdehyde, gp91phox expression, iNOS expression, NO metabolite level, and nitrotyrosine content and increased eNOS phosphorylation. However, these effects were blocked by DAPT administration. DAPT also inhibited the stimulatory effect of polydatin on the Notch1/Hes1-Pten/Akt signaling pathway in a diabetic myocardium. Additionally, LY294002 not only abolished polydatin's antiapoptotic effect but also reversed its inhibitory effect on myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress. Polydatin effectively reduced MI/R injury and improved left ventricular functional recovery under diabetic condition by ameliorating oxidative/nitrative stress damage. Importantly, Notch1/Hes1-mediated activation of Pten/Akt signaling played a crucial role in this process.
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Jeddi S, Ghasemi A, Asgari A, Nezami-Asl A. Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in sleep-deprived rats. Sleep Breath 2017; 22:353-359. [PMID: 28942508 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-017-1573-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION REM sleep deprivation (SD) decreases tolerance of the rat heart to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury; the underlying mechanisms, however, are unknown. This study aimed at determining whether changes in iNOS, Bax, and Bcl-2 gene expression are involved in this detrimental effect. METHOD SD was induced by flowerpot technique for a period of 4 days. This method is simple and able to induce sleep fragmentation which occurs as one of the sleep disorder symptoms in clinical conditions. The hearts of control and SD rats were perfused in Langendorff apparatus and subjected to 30 min ischemia, followed by 90 min reperfusion. The hemodynamic parameters (left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), and ± dp/dt), NOx (nitrite + nitrate) level, infarct size, and mRNA expression of iNOS, Bax, and Bcl-2 were measured after IR. RESULTS SD rats had lower recovery of post-ischemic LVDP (32.8 ± 2.5 vs. 51.5 ± 2.1 mmHg; P < 0.05), + dp/dt (1555 ± 66 vs. 1119.5 ± 87 mmHg/s; P < 0.05) and - dp/dt (1437 ± 65 vs. 888 ± 162 mmHg/s; P < 0.05). SD rats also had higher NOx levels (41.4 ± 3.1 vs. 22.4 ± 3.6 μmol/L; P < 0.05) and infarct size (64.3 ± 2.3 vs. 38.3 ± 1.6%; P < 0.05) after IR, which along with LVDP, ± dp/dt restored to near normal status in the presence of aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor. Following IR, expression of iNOS and Bax increased and Bcl-2 decreased (502, 372, and 54%, respectively) in SD rats; whereas in the presence of aminoguanidine, expression of iNOS and Bax significantly decreased and Bcl-2 increased (165, 168, and 19%, respectively). CONCLUSION Higher expression of iNOS and subsequent increase in apoptosis in the hearts after IR may contribute to less tolerance to myocardial IR injury in SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Asgari
- Aerospace Medicine Research Center, Medical Faculty of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Nezami-Asl
- Aerospace Medicine Research Center, Medical Faculty of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran.
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Jeddi S, Khalifi S, Ghanbari M, Bageripour F, Ghasemi A. Effects of Nitrate Intake on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2017; 107:339-347. [PMID: 27849257 PMCID: PMC5102480 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease is 2-3 times more common in diabetic individuals.
Dietary nitrate/nitrite has beneficial effects in both diabetes and
cardiovascular disease. It also has protective effects against myocardial
ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in healthy animals. However, the effects of
nitrate on myocardial IR injury in diabetic rats have not yet been
investigated. Objective We examined the effects of dietary nitrate on myocardial IR injury in
streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Method Rats were divided into four groups (n=7 in each group): control,
control+nitrate, diabetes, and diabetes+nitrate. Type 2 diabetes was induced
by injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Nitrate (sodium nitrate)
was added to drinking water (100 mg/L) for 2 months. The hearts were
perfused in a Langendorff apparatus at 2 months and assessed before
(baseline) and after myocardial IR for the following parameters: left
ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), minimum and maximum rates of pressure
change in the left ventricle (±dP/dt), endothelial nitric oxide (NO)
synthase (eNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression, and levels
of malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO metabolites (NOx). Results Recovery of LVDP and ±dP/dt was lower in diabetic rats versus
controls, but almost normalized after nitrate intake. Diabetic rats had
lower eNOS and higher iNOS expression both at baseline and after IR, and
dietary nitrate restored these parameters to normal values after IR.
Compared with controls, heart NOx level was lower in diabetic rats at
baseline but was higher after IR. Diabetic rats had higher MDA levels both
at baseline and after IR, which along with heart NOx levels decreased
following nitrate intake. Conclusion Dietary nitrate in diabetic rats provides cardioprotection against IR injury
by regulating eNOS and iNOS expression and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in
the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Khalifi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Ghanbari
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bageripour
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cui HJ, Liu S, Yang R, Fu GH, Lu Y. N-stearoyltyrosine protects primary cortical neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis through inhibiting anandamide inactivation system. Neurosci Res 2017; 123:8-18. [PMID: 28499834 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
N-stearoylthrosine (NST), a synthesized anandamide (AEA) analogue, plays a neuroprotective role in neurodegenerative diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. Several studies have demonstrated that the endocannabinoids systems (ECS) are involved in the neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemic injury. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced neuronal injury elevated the levels of endocannabinoids and activated ECS. This research was conducted to investigate the neuroprotective effect of NST against OGD-induced neuronal injury in cultured primary cortical neurons and the potential mechanism involved. Cortical neurons were treated with NST at indicate concentrations for 30min prior to injury and OGD injured neurons were incubated with normal conditions for 0-24h. The best neuroprotective effect of NST against OGD-induced injury occurred at 10μM. All data indicated that the neuroprotective effect of NST against OGD-induced injury resulted from blocking anandamide membrane transporter (AMT) (IC50=11.74nM) and inhibiting fatty acid amide hydrolase activity (FAAH) (IC50=16.54nM). Our findings demonstrated that NST has an important role in cerebral ischemic injury pathological progression through activating cannabinoid receptors by inhibiting AEA inactivation system. These data suggested a potential role for NST in the therapeutic consideration of cerebral ischemic injury. However, inhibition of AEA inactivation system may provide a neuroprotective effect during cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Jing Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, RuiJin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Guo-Hui Fu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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Randhawa PK, Jaggi AS. TRPV1 channels in cardiovascular system: A double edged sword? Int J Cardiol 2017; 228:103-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pterostilbene protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppressing oxidative/nitrative stress and inflammatory response. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 43:7-15. [PMID: 27936461 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that pterostilbene (Pte) confers protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The oxidative/nitrative stress and inflammation induce injury after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. The present study was designed to evaluate whether treatment with Pte attenuates oxidative/nitrative stress and inflammation in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R). Rats were subjected to 30min of myocardial ischemia and 3h of reperfusion, and the rats were administered with vehicle or Pte. The results showed that Pte (10mg/kg) dramatically improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial infarction and myocardial apoptosis following MI/R. As an indicator of oxidative/nitrative stress, myocardial ONOO- content was markedly reduced after Pte treatment. And, Pte led to a dramatic decrease in superoxide generation and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and a dramatic increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, Pte treatment significantly reduced p38 MAPK activation and the expression of iNOS and gp91phox and increased phosphorylated eNOS expression. Pte treatment dramatically decreased myocardial TNF-α, and IL-1β levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Furthermore, ONOO- suppression by either Pte or uric acid (UA), an ONOO- scavenger, reduced myocardial injury. In conclusion, Pte exerts a protective effect against MI/R injury by suppressing oxidative/nitrative stress. These results provide evidence that Pte might be a therapeutic approach for the treatment of MI/R injury.
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Effect of fetal hypothyroidism on tolerance to ischemia–reperfusion injury in aged male rats: Role of nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 2016; 55-56:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Urotensin II induction of neonatal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy involves the CaMKII/PLN/SERCA 2a signaling pathway. Gene 2016; 583:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ischemic postconditioning confers cardioprotection and prevents reduction of Trx-1 in young mice, but not in middle-aged and old mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 415:67-76. [PMID: 26932791 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is part of an antioxidant system that maintains the cell redox homeostasis but their role on ischemic postconditioning (PostC) is unknown. The aim of this work was to determine whether Trx-1 participates in the cardioprotective mechanism of PostC in young, middle-aged, and old mice. Male FVB young (Y: 3 month-old), middle-aged (MA: 12 month-old), and old (O: 20 month-old) mice were used. Langendorff-perfused hearts were subjected to 30 min of ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion (I/R group). After ischemia, we performed 6 cycles of R/I (10 s each) followed by 120 min of reperfusion (PostC group). We measured the infarct size (triphenyltetrazolium); Trx-1, total and phosphorylated Akt, and GSK3β expression (Western blot); and the GSH/GSSG ratio (HPLC). PostC reduced the infarct size in young mice (I/R-Y: 52.3 ± 2.4 vs. PostC-Y: 40.0 ± 1.9, p < 0.05), but this protection was abolished in the middle-aged and old mice groups. Trx-1 expression decreased after I/R, and the PostC prevented the protein degradation in young animals (I/R-Y: 1.05 ± 0.1 vs. PostC-Y: 0.52 ± .0.07, p < 0.05). These changes were accompanied by an improvement in the GSH/GSSG ratio (I/R-Y: 1.25 ± 0.30 vs. PostC-Y: 7.10 ± 2.10, p < 0.05). However, no changes were observed in the middle-aged and old groups. Cytosolic Akt and GSK3β phosphorylation increased in the PostC compared with the I/R group only in young animals. Our results suggest that PostC prevents Trx-1 degradation, decreasing oxidative stress and allowing the activation of Akt and GSK3β to exert its cardioprotective effect. This protection mechanism is not activated in middle-aged and old animals.
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17-Methoxyl-7-Hydroxy-Benzene-Furanchalcone Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Autophagy Via the PI3K–Akt Signal Pathway. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2016; 17:79-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-016-9358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Quercetin attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Gene 2015; 577:275-80. [PMID: 26680104 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (Que), a plant-derived flavonoid, possesses various biological functions. Moreover, Que exerts multiple beneficial actions in treatment of cardiovascular diseases and there are an inverse association between Que intakes and occurrence and development of various cardiovascular diseases. Some researchers have inferred that the mechanisms of Que to protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury may be involved in modulation of intracellular signal pathways and regulation of proteins expression in vivo. The current study investigated whether Que has any protective effects on cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in vitro and its potential cardioprotective mechanisms. The cell viability of Que on H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells was assessed by MTT. Apoptosis was evaluated by both Hoechst33342 staining and Flow cytometric analysis (FACS). Furthermore, the effect of Que, SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) and SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the expression of apoptosis related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3) was determined by Western blotting. MTT assays showed that pretreatment with Que could increase the viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes that suffered H/R. Both Hoechst33342 staining and FACS confirmed that Que could remarkably suppress the H/R-induced apoptotic cardiomyocytes. In addition, Que significantly alleviated H/R-induced the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, which further increased Bcl-2 expression and inhibited the activation of Bax and caspase-3 directly or indirectly. In summary, our results imply that Que can induce cardioprotection by inhibition of JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and modulate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins that provides a new experimental foundation for myocardial ischemia disease therapy.
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Jeddi S, Asl AN, Asgari A, Ghasemi A. The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Cardiac Function and Tolerance to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Male Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2015; 106:41-8. [PMID: 26559853 PMCID: PMC4728594 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20150137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep deprivation (SD) is strongly associated with elevated risk for cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of SD on basal hemodynamic functions and tolerance to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in male rats. METHOD SD was induced by using the flowerpot method for 4 days. Isolated hearts were perfused with Langendorff setup, and the following parameters were measured at baseline and after IR: left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP); heart rate (HR); and the maximum rate of increase and decrease of left ventricular pressure (± dp/dt). Heart NOx level, infarct size and coronary flow CK-MB and LDH were measured after IR. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at start and end of study. RESULTS In the SD group, the baseline levels of LVDP (19%), +dp/dt (18%), and -dp/dt (21%) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower, and HR (32%) was significantly higher compared to the controls. After ischemia, hearts from SD group displayed a significant increase in HR together with a low hemodynamic function recovery compared to the controls. In the SD group, NOx level in heart, coronary flow CK-MB and LDH and infarct size significantly increased after IR; also SD rats had higher SBP after 4 days. CONCLUSION Hearts from SD rats had lower basal cardiac function and less tolerance to IR injury, which may be linked to an increase in NO production following IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Jeddi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Nezami Asl
- Aerospace Medicine Research Center, Medical Faculty of Aerospace and subaquatic Medicine, AJA Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Asgari
- Aerospace Medicine Research Center, Medical Faculty of Aerospace and subaquatic Medicine, AJA Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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