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Panzade KP, Tribhuvan KU, Pawar DV, Jasrotia RS, Gaikwad K, Dalal M, Kumar RR, Singh MP, Awasthi OP, Padaria JC. Discovering the regulators of heat stress tolerance in Ziziphus nummularia (Burm.f) wight and walk.-arn. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:497-511. [PMID: 38633271 PMCID: PMC11018567 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Ziziphus nummularia an elite heat-stress tolerant shrub, grows in arid regions of desert. However, its molecular mechanism responsible for heat stress tolerance is unexplored. Therefore, we analysed whole transcriptome of Jaisalmer (heat tolerant) and Godhra (heat sensitive) genotypes of Z. nummularia to understand its molecular mechanism responsible for heat stress tolerance. De novo assembly of 16,22,25,052 clean reads yielded 276,029 transcripts. A total of 208,506 unigenes were identified which contains 4290 and 1043 differentially expressed genes (DEG) in TGO (treated Godhra at 42 °C) vs. CGO (control Godhra) and TJR (treated Jaisalmer at 42 °C) vs. CJR (control Jaisalmer), respectively. A total of 987 (67 highly enriched) and 754 (34 highly enriched) pathways were obsorved in CGO vs. TGO and CJR vs. TJR, respectively. Antioxidant pathways and TFs like Homeobox, HBP, ARR, PHD, GRAS, CPP, and E2FA were uniquely observed in Godhra genotype and SET domains were uniquely observed in Jaisalmer genotype. Further transposable elements were highly up-regulated in Godhra genotype but no activation in Jaisalmer genotype. A total of 43,093 and 39,278 simple sequence repeats were identified in the Godhra and Jaisalmer genotypes, respectively. A total of 10 DEGs linked to heat stress were validated in both genotypes for their expression under different heat stresses using quantitative real-time PCR. Comparing expression patterns of the selected DEGs identified ClpB1 as a potential candidate gene for heat tolerance in Z. nummularia. Here we present first characterized transcriptome of Z. nummularia in response to heat stress for the identification and characterization of heat stress-responsive genes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01431-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Prabhakar Panzade
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
| | - Kishor U. Tribhuvan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834 003 India
| | - Deepak V. Pawar
- ICAR- Directorate of Weed Research, Maharajpur, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482004 India
| | - Rahul Singh Jasrotia
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012 Delhi India
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Kishor Gaikwad
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
| | - Monika Dalal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
| | - Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agrcultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
| | - Om Prakash Awasthi
- Division of Horticulture, ICAR-Indian Agrcultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
| | - Jasdeep Chatrath Padaria
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012 Delhi India
- PG School, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 Delhi India
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Zhang D, Ren L, Wang Q, Wenjing Li, Song Z, Jin X, Fang W, Yan D, Li Y, Wang Q, He L, Cao A. Systematic assessment of the antifungal mechanism of soil fumigant methyl isothiocyanate against Fusarium oxysporum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122791. [PMID: 37940016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is an important phytopathogenic fungus, it can be controlled by the soil fumigant methyl isothiocyanate (MITC). However, the antimicrobial mechanism of MITC against F. oxysporum, especially at the transcriptional level, is still unclear. In this experiment, the antimicrobial mechanism of MITC against F. oxysporum was investigated. Our results indicated that when F. oxysporum was exposed to 6 mg/L MITC for 12 h, the inhibitory rate of MITC on F. oxysporum was 80%. Transmission electron microscopes showed that the cell wall and membrane of F. oxysporum had shrunk and folded, vacuoles increased, and mitochondria swelled and deformed. In addition, the enzyme activity of F. oxysporum treated with MITC showed a decrease of 32.50%, 8.28% and 74.04% in catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, respectively. Transcriptome sequencing of F. oxysporum was performed and the results showed that 1478 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were produced in response to MITC exposure. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the DEGs identified were involved in substance and energy metabolism, signal transduction, transport and catalysis. MITC disrupted cell homeostasis by influencing the expression of some key genes involved in chitin synthase and detoxification enzymes production, but F. oxysporum also protected itself by up-regulating genes involved in energy synthesis (such as upregulating acnA, CS and LSC2 in TCA). qRT-PCR data validated the reliability of transcriptome data. Our research used biochemical and genetic techniques to identify molecular lesions in the mycelia of F. oxysporum exposed to MITC, and provide valuable insights into the toxic mechanism of pathogenic fungi mediated by MITC. These techniques are also likely to be useful for rapidly screening and identifying new, environmentally-friendly soil fumigants that are efficacious against fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqi Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lirui Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaoxin Song
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wensheng Fang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Dongdong Yan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Lin He
- Innovation Research Team of Vegetable Pests Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Aocheng Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System, Beijing 100193, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Hebei 071000, China.
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Luan Y, Chen Z, Fang Z, Huang X, Zhao D, Tao J. PoWRKY71 is involved in Paeonia ostii resistance to drought stress by directly regulating light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding 151 gene. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad194. [PMID: 38023485 PMCID: PMC10673652 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Although the functions of WRKY transcription factors in drought resistance are well known, their regulatory mechanisms in response to drought by stabilising photosynthesis remain unclear. Here, a differentially expressed PoWRKY71 gene that was highly expressed in drought-treated Paeonia ostii leaves was identified through transcriptome analysis. PoWRKY71 positively responded to drought stress with significantly enhanced expression patterns and overexpressing PoWRKY71 in tobacco greatly improved plant tolerance to drought stress, whereas silencing PoWRKY71 in P. ostii resulted in a drought-intolerant phenotype. Furthermore, lower chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis, and inhibited expression of photosynthesis-related light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding 151 (CAB151) gene were found in PoWRKY71-silenced P. ostii. Meanwhile, a homologous system indicated that drought treatment increased PoCAB151 promoter activity. Interactive assays revealed that PoWRKY71 directly bound on the W-box element of PoCAB151 promoter and activated its transcription. In addition, PoCAB151 overexpressing plants demonstrated increased drought tolerance, together with significantly higher chlorophyll contents and photosynthesis, whereas these indices were dramatically lower in PoCAB151-silenced P. ostii. The above results indicated that PoWRKY71 activated the expression of PoCAB151, thus stabilising photosynthesis via regulating chloroplast homeostasis and chlorophyll content in P. ostii under drought stress. This study reveals a novel drought-resistance mechanism in plants and provides a feasible strategy for improving plant drought resistance via stabilising photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zijie Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ziwen Fang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xingqi Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Daqiu Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Zhang X, Liu X, Zhou M, Hu Y, Yuan J. PacBio full-length sequencing integrated with RNA-seq reveals the molecular mechanism of waterlogging and its recovery in Paeonia ostii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1030584. [PMID: 36407600 PMCID: PMC9669713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia ostii, a widely cultivated tree peony species in China, is a resourceful plant with medicinal, ornamental and oil value. However, fleshy roots lead to a low tolerance to waterlogging in P. ostii. In this study, P. ostii roots were sequenced using a hybrid approach combining single-molecule real-time and next-generation sequencing platforms to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the response to this sequentially waterlogging stress, the normal growth, waterlogging treatment (WT), and waterlogging recovery treatment (WRT). Our results indicated that the strategy of P. ostii, in response to WT, was a hypoxic resting syndrome, wherein the glycolysis and fermentation processes were accelerated to maintain energy levels and the tricarboxylic acid cycle was inhibited. P. ostii enhanced waterlogging tolerance by reducing the uptake of nitrate and water from the soil. Moreover, transcription factors, such as AP2/EREBP, WRKY, MYB, and NAC, played essential roles in response to WT and WRT. They were all induced in response to the WT condition, while the decreasing expression levels were observed under the WRT condition. Our results contribute to understanding the defense mechanisms against waterlogging stress in P. ostii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Zhou
- School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhui Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
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Proteomics Characterization of Food-Derived Bioactive Peptides with Anti-Allergic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204400. [PMID: 36297084 PMCID: PMC9609859 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides are found in foods and dietary supplements and are responsible for health benefits with applications in human and animal medicine. The health benefits include antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antithrombotic, immunomodulatory, opioid, antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory functions. Bioactive peptides can be obtained by microbial action, mainly by the gastrointestinal microbiota from proteins present in food, originating from either vegetable or animal matter or by the action of different gastrointestinal proteases. Proteomics can play an important role in the identification of bioactive peptides. High-resolution mass spectrometry is the principal technique used to detect and identify different types of analytes present in complex mixtures, even when available at low concentrations. Moreover, proteomics may provide the characterization of epitopes to develop new food allergy vaccines and the use of immunomodulating peptides to induce oral tolerance toward offending food allergens or even to prevent allergic sensitization. In addition, food-derived bioactive peptides have been investigated for their anti-inflammatory properties to provide safer alternatives to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). All these bioactive peptides can be a potential source of novel drugs and ingredients in food and pharmaceuticals. The following review is focused on food-derived bioactive peptides with antiallergic and anti-inflammatory properties and summarizes the new insights into the use of proteomics for their identification and quantification.
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Bhat SA, Bashir O, Ul Haq SA, Amin T, Rafiq A, Ali M, Américo-Pinheiro JHP, Sher F. Phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil and water: An eco-friendly, sustainable and multidisciplinary approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134788. [PMID: 35504464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization, increased waste production and surge in agricultural activities, mining, contaminated irrigation water and industrial effluents contribute to the contamination of water resources due to heavy metal (HM) accumulation. Humans employ HM-contaminated resources to produce food, which eventually accumulates in the food chain. Decontamination of these valuable resources, as well as avoidance of additional contamination has long been needed to avoid detrimental health impacts. Phytoremediation is a realistic and promising strategy for heavy metal removal from polluted areas, based on the employment of hyper-accumulator plant species that are extremely tolerant to HMs present in the environment/soil. Green plants are used to remove, decompose, or detoxify hazardous metals in this technique. For soil decontamination, five types of phytoremediation methods have been used viz. phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytoextraction and phytovolatilization. Traditional phytoremediation methods, on the other hand, have significant limits in terms of large-scale application, thus biotechnological efforts to modify plants for HM phytoremediation ways are being explored to improve the efficacy of plants as HM decontamination candidates. It is relatively a new technology that is widely regarded as economic, efficient and unique besides being environment friendly. New metal hyperaccumulators with high efficiency are being explored and employed for their use in phytoremediation and phytomining. Therefore, this review comprehensively discusses different strategies and biotechnological approaches for the removal of various HM containments from the environment, with emphasis on the advancements and implications of phytoremediation, along with their applications in cleaning up various toxic pollutants. Moreover, sources, effects of HMs and factors affecting phytoremediation of HMs metals have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad Bhat
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Omar Bashir
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144402, India
| | - Syed Anam Ul Haq
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Tawheed Amin
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Asif Rafiq
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, 193121, India
| | - Mudasir Ali
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro
- School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ave. Brasil Sul, Number 56, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil; Brazil University, Street Carolina Fonseca, Number 584, 08230-030, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Farooq Sher
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, United Kingdom.
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A Preliminary Investigation on the Functional Validation and Interactions of PoWOX Genes in Peony (Paeonia ostii). HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
As a woody plant, peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) has a long growth cycle and inefficient traditional breeding techniques. There is an urgent need in peony molecular breeding to establish an efficient and stable in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation system, in order to overcome the recalcitrant characteristics of peony regeneration and shorten the breeding cycle. The development of plant somatic embryos is an important way to establish an efficient and stable in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation system. Plant-specific WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) family transcription factors play important roles in plant development, from embryogenesis to lateral organ development. Therefore, in this research, four PoWOX genes of “Fengdan” (Paeonia ostii) were cloned from the peony genome and transcriptome data of preliminary peony somatic embryos. The sequence characteristics and evolutionary relationships of the PoWOX genes were analyzed. It was demonstrated that the four PoWOX genes, named PoWOX1, PoWOX4, PoWOX11, and PoWOX13, belonged to three branches of the WOX gene family. Their expression patterns were analyzed at different stages of development and in different tissues of peony seedlings. The expression localization of the PoWOX genes was determined to be the nucleus via subcellular localization assay. Finally, the interaction protein of the PoWOX genes was identified via yeast two-hybrid assay combined with bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. It was shown that PoWOX1 and PoWOX13 proteins could form homodimers by themselves, and PoWOX11 interacted with PoWOX1 and PoWOX13 to form heterodimers. Peony stem cell activity may be regulated from PoWOX1 and PoWOX13 by forming dimers and moving to peony stem cells through plasmodesmata. Additionally, PoWOX11–PoWOX1 and PoWOX11–PoWOX13 may play important regulatory functions in promoting the proliferation of stem cells and maintaining the homeostasis of stem cells in the SAM of peony stems. Exploring the critical genes and regulatory factors in the development of the peony somatic embryo is beneficial not only to understand the molecular and regulatory mechanisms of peony somatic embryo development but also to achieve directed breeding and improvements in efficiency through genetic engineering breeding technology to accelerate the fundamental process of molecular breeding in peony.
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Yue Z, Chen Y, Chen C, Ma K, Tian E, Wang Y, Liu H, Sun Z. Endophytic Bacillus altitudinis WR10 alleviates Cu toxicity in wheat by augmenting reactive oxygen species scavenging and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124272. [PMID: 33097348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil copper (Cu) pollution severely stunts crops growth and limits sustainable agri-food production. Many microbes are widely used for remediation of polluted soil, including Cu pollution. In this study, the potential of an endophytic Bacillus altitudinis WR10 to protect wheat from Cu stress and the molecular mechanisms were investigated using hydroponic model. The Cu resistance assay showed B. altitudinis WR10 can resist up to 2 mM Cu and remove about 74% Cu in medium after 24 h of fermentation. Co-culture study demonstrated WR10 increased roots length and dry weight in wheat seedlings under 50 μM Cu. These results indicated that WR10 was a Cu-resistant strain and reduced Cu toxicity in wheat. Transcriptome data and biochemical tests of wheat roots indicated that WR10 alleviated Cu toxicity through enhancing peroxidases (PODs) gene expression and activity to remove excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and down-regulating glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) to increase glutathione (GSH) level. Moreover, enrichment and pathway analysis indicated WR10 regulated the expression of genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, which may improve phenolic acids accumulation for protecting plant cells from Cu toxicity. Overall, this study revealed that B. altitudinis WR10 alleviated Cu toxicity in wheat via augmenting reactive oxygen species scavenging and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghao Yue
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yanjuan Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Can Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Keshi Ma
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Erli Tian
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Hongzhan Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Zhongke Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China.
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Li L, Li Y, Wang R, Chao L, Xiu Y, Wang H. Characterization of the stearoyl-ACP desaturase gene (PoSAD) from woody oil crop Paeonia ostii var. lishizhenii in oleic acid biosynthesis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 178:112480. [PMID: 32768716 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia ostii var. lishizhenii has been approved as a woody oil crop with the outstanding characteristic of abundant α-linolenic acid (C18:3, ALA) in its seed oil. The stearoyl-ACP desaturase gene (SAD) regulates the first key step from stearic acid (C18:0, SA) to oleic acid (C18:1, OA) in the ALA biosynthetic pathway, but its functional characterization in P. ostii var. lishizhenii is absent to date. In this study, a key PoSAD gene (1719 bp in length) was acquired from endosperm of P. ostii var. lishizhenii by transcriptome sequencing analysis and the RACE (rapid-amplification of cDNA ends) method. Bioinformatic analysis of the PoSAD protein showed high homology (ranging from 90.4% to 94.4%) and similar physical and chemical properties to SAD from other higher plants, indicating that it encodes a putative stearoyl-ACP desaturase. Analysis of cis-acting elements found several endosperm tissue-specific motifs; i.e., one Prolamin box, thirteen DOFCOREs and one RY repeat in its promoter. The results of the qRT-PCR experiments verified that PoSAD was most highly expressed in developing endosperm at 59 days after pollination (53.7 times that in shoots) compared with that in roots (1.4 times), stems (2.5 times), leaves (3.1 times), petals (13.1 times) and stamens (46.0 times). Meanwhile, the fatty acid contents in P. ostii var. lishizhenii endosperm at seven growth stages were compared with variation in PoSAD expression. Heterologous expression of PoSAD significantly decreased SA and increased OA content, which effectively reduced the ratios of SA to OA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. However, contents and ratios of palmitic acid (C16:0) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1) were stable in transgenic yeast, and palmitoleic acid remained absent in transgenic A. thaliana seeds. These results illustrate that PoSAD plays an essential role in endosperm development of P. ostii var. lishizhenii, strictly in catalysis of SA desaturation and OA biosynthesis but without functioning in PA desaturation. The results contribute to our understanding of the characterization of PoSAD in OA biosynthesis in P. ostii var. lishizhenii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkun Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yipei Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Ruoxin Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Longjun Chao
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Peonature Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101301, China.
| | - Yu Xiu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Huafang Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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10
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Yang Y, Sun M, Li S, Chen Q, Teixeira da Silva JA, Wang A, Yu X, Wang L. Germplasm resources and genetic breeding of Paeonia: a systematic review. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:107. [PMID: 32637135 PMCID: PMC7327061 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Members of the genus Paeonia, which consists of globally renowned ornamentals and traditional medicinal plants with a rich history spanning over 1500 years, are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Since 1900, over 2200 new horticultural Paeonia cultivars have been created by the discovery and breeding of wild species. However, information pertaining to Paeonia breeding is considerably fragmented, with fundamental gaps in knowledge, creating a bottleneck in effective breeding strategies. This review systematically introduces Paeonia germplasm resources, including wild species and cultivars, summarizes the breeding strategy and results of each Paeonia cultivar group, and focuses on recent progress in the isolation and functional characterization of structural and regulatory genes related to important horticultural traits. Perspectives pertaining to the resource protection and utilization, breeding and industrialization of Paeonia in the future are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, 100083 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, 100083 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Qihang Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, 100083 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, 100083 Beijing, China
| | | | - Ajing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, 100083 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Liangsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
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Xu X, Chen Q, Mo S, Qian Y, Wu X, Jin Y, Ding H. Transcriptome -wide modulation combined with morpho-physiological analyses of Typha orientalis roots in response to lead challenge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121405. [PMID: 31629596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a common pollutant in many environments, including in the soil, water, and/or air. Typha orientalis Presl, a large emergent aquatic plant, has been reported to function as a Pb-tolerant and Pb-accumulating plant; however, very little molecular information regarding the tolerance of T. orientalis towards Pb is known. In this study, Pb accumulation and key factors involved in the Pb stress response at different Pb concentrations were investigated. Pb was primarily accumulated in the roots and was mainly located in the cell wall and membrane systems. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in T. orientalis roots after Pb exposure via RNA-seq analyses. In the 0.10 mM and 0.25 mM Pb2+-treated groups, a total of 3275 DEGs were detected relative to the control. Many of these genes were associated with oxidation-reduction processes, metal transport, protein kinase/phosphorylation, and DNA binding transcription factors, which were shown to be Pb-responsive DEGs. Mapping Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis" was analyzed as the major pathway of the important modules of overlapping DEGs of 0.10 mM and 0.25 mM Pb2+ treatments. Furthermore, a lead response gene named ToLR1 with unknown function was of particular interest. The full-length of ToLR1 sequence was cloned using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, which resulted in enhanced resistance to Pb stress. This is the first report providing genomic information detailing Pb responsive genes in T. orientalis. Moreover, this study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of T. orientalis and other accumulators towards Pb stress. The key genes identified in this study may serve as potential targets for genetic engineering targeting phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuangrong Mo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ying Qian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yingen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Haidong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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12
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Fan Y, Wang Q, Dong Z, Yin Y, Teixeira da Silva JA, Yu X. Advances in molecular biology of Paeonia L. PLANTA 2019; 251:23. [PMID: 31784828 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular biology can serve as a tool to solve the limitations of traditional breeding and cultivation techniques related to flower patterns, the improvement of flower color, and the regulation of flowering and stress resistance. These characteristics of molecular biology ensured its significant role in improving the efficiency of breeding and germplasm amelioration of Paeonia. This review describes the advances in molecular biology of Paeonia, including: (1) the application of molecular markers; (2) genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microRNA studies; (3) studies of functional genes; and (4) molecular biology techniques. This review also points out select limitations in current molecular biology, analyzes the direction of Paeonia molecular biology research, and provides advice for future research objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Fan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijia Yin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xiaonan Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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The Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium cupreum Regulates Expression of Genes Involved in the Tolerance to Metals and Plant Growth Promotion in Eucalyptus globulus Roots. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7110490. [PMID: 31717780 PMCID: PMC6920756 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endophytic strain Chaetomium cupreum isolated from metal-contaminated soil was inoculated in Eucalyptus globulus roots to identify genes involved in metal stress response and plant growth promotion. We analyzed the transcriptome of E. globulus roots inoculated with C. cupreum. De novo sequencing, assembly, and analysis were performed to identify molecular mechanisms involved in metal stress tolerance and plant growth promotion. A total of 393,371,743 paired-end reads were assembled into 135,155 putative transcripts. It was found that 663 genes significantly changed their expression in the presence of treatment, of which 369 were up-regulated and 294 were down-regulated. We found differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding metal transporters, transcription factors, stress and defense response proteins, as well as DEGs involved in auxin biosynthesis and metabolism. Our results showed that the inoculation of C. cupreum enhanced tolerance to metals and growth promotion on E. globulus. This study provides new information to understand molecular mechanisms involved in plant–microbe interactions under metals stress.
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14
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Shan T, Pang S, Xu N. Transcriptome profiling of the meristem tissue of Saccharina japonica (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) under severe stress of copper. Mar Genomics 2019; 47:100671. [PMID: 30910511 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential metal involved in many physiological processes of living organisms. However, beyond a certain threshold, Cu can become highly toxic. For instance, in the summer sporeling production of the economic kelp Saccharina japonica, the excess Cu accidently released from the low-quality alloys of the refrigerating machine was deadly to the seedlings and led to the failure of hatchery operations. However, the molecular basis underlying high toxicity of Cu remains unclear. In this study, juvenile sporophytes were cultured in seawater containing different concentrations of Cu2+ (10, 100, and 200 μg L-1). Bleaching was observed in the meristem of individuals in the 100 and 200 μg L-1 treatment groups on the third day, indicating that Cu has caused severe harm at these concentrations. RNA-Seq was used to profile transcriptomic changes under different Cu2+ concentrations. Compared with the control, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was 11,350 (4944 up- and 6406 down-regulated) in the 200 μg L-1 treatment group and 2868 (1075 up- and 1793 down-regulated) in the 100 μg L-1 treatment group, whereas much fewer DEGs were detected in the 10 μg L-1 treatment group. Genes coding for glutathione-S-transferase and vanadium-dependent bromoperoxidase and iodoperoxidase were found to be remarkably regulated, especially in the 200 μg L-1 treatment group. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that only down-regulated DEGs were enriched. There were 45 enriched GO terms and four enriched KEGG pathways common to the 100 and 200 μg L-1 treatment groups, which were associated with diverse essential biological processes such as photosynthesis, protein synthesis, redox activity, and metabolism and biosynthesis of functional biomolecules, among others. Suppression of these biological processes at the transcriptional level likely contributes to the observed high toxicity of Cu2+ in S. japonica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang province, 316100 Zhoushan, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tifeng Shan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shaojun Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Nianjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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A Two-Stage Culture Method for Zygotic Embryos Effectively Overcomes Constraints Imposed by Hypocotyl and Epicotyl Seed Dormancy in Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan'. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100356. [PMID: 31547000 PMCID: PMC6843118 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the exogenous hormone and light quality on breaking hypocotyl and epicotyl dormancy was studied. The results showed that the greatest percentage of hypocotyl dormancy breaking was observed with the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with or without 1.0 mg·L-1 gibberellin 3 (GA3), while ABA and endosperm greatly inhibited hypocotyl dormancy breaking. This suggests that hypocotyl dormancy of the Paeonia ostii 'Fengdan' embryo could be easily overcome by removing constraints of the surrounding endosperm, and ABA may be one of the constraint factors contained in the endosperm. The percentage of epicotyl dormancy breaking was also greatly affected by the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and GA3. Compared to BA by itself, adding GA3 to the medium containing BA highly enhanced epicotyl dormancy breaking, with the greatest percentage of epicotyl dormancy breaking in MS medium supplemented with both 0.5 mg·L-1 BA and 0.5-1.0 mg·L-1 GA3. The percentage of hypocotyl and epicotyl dormancy breaking was also affected by light and its quality. Red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) had the same effect as a dark condition on the hypocotyl dormancy breaking, while blue LEDs and a combination of red and blue LEDs had a negative effect on the hypocotyl dormancy breaking. Unexpectedly, blue LEDs greatly enhanced, whereas red LEDs inhibited, epicotyl dormancy breaking. Conclusively, a two-stage culture method was recommended for breaking the hypocotyl and epicotyl dormancy: hypocotyl dormancy was broken first using the MS medium without any plant growth regulators in the dark (25 °C), and epicotyl dormancy was subsequently broken with the MS medium supplemented with both 1.0 mg·L-1 GA3 and 0.5 mg·L-1 BA under blue light.
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Guo L, Guo D, Yin W, Hou X. Tolerance strategies revealed in tree peony ( Paeonia suffruticosa; Paeoniaceae) ecotypes differentially adapted to desiccation. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2018; 6:e01191. [PMID: 30386716 PMCID: PMC6201725 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa; Paeoniaceae) is well known for its ornamental value, edible oil, and medicinal properties. However, its growing area has been limited by drought that has been exacerbated by global climate change. METHODS Gene expression profiles of a drought-tolerant cultivar and a drought-sensitive cultivar during dehydration and rehydration were investigated by transcriptome analysis. Expression patterns of unigenes related to drought and recovery response and unrelated to either cultivar were classified by hierarchical clustering and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS A total of 81,725 unigenes with a mean length of 762 nucleotides that may play roles in drought response were identified. Unigenes were characterized as being involved in lipid transport metabolism, proline metabolism, and photosynthesis. In addition, plant hormone signaling pathway genes were also characterized as potentially being involved in drought response. Expression patterns of the 20 drought-responsive unigenes verified by qPCR showed a differential expression pattern under either the drought or recovery treatment. DISCUSSION This is the first report to identify and verify unigenes of tree peonies with differing water sensitivity during dehydration and rehydration. This study offers a valuable resource for candidate genes involved in drought and provides insight into the breeding of drought-resistant tree peony cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Guo
- College of AgricultureHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023People's Republic of China
| | - Dalong Guo
- College of ForestryHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023People's Republic of China
| | - Weilun Yin
- College of Biological Sciences and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogai Hou
- College of AgricultureHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471023People's Republic of China
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17
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Xiu Y, Wu G, Tang W, Peng Z, Bu X, Chao L, Yin X, Xiong J, Zhang H, Zhao X, Ding J, Ma L, Wang H, van Staden J. Oil biosynthesis and transcriptome profiles in developing endosperm and oil characteristic analyses in Paeonia ostii var. lishizhenii. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 228:121-133. [PMID: 29902680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia ostii var. lishizhenii, a well-known medicinal and horticultural plant, is indigenous to China. Recent studies have shown that its seed has a high oil content, and it was approved as a novel resource of edible oil with a high level of α-linolenic acid by the Chinese Government. This study measured the seed oil contents and fatty acid components of P. ostii var. lishizhenii and six other peonies, P. suffruticosa, P. ludlowii, P. decomposita, P. rockii, and P. lactiflora Pall. 'Heze' and 'Gansu'. The results show that P. ostii var. lishizhenii exhibits the average oil characteristics of tested peonies, with an oil content of 21.3%, α-linolenic acid 43.8%, and unsaturated fatty acids around 92.1%. Hygiene indicators for the seven peony seed oils met the Chinese national food standards. P. ostii var. lishizhenii seeds were used to analyze transcriptome gene regulation networks on endosperm development and oil biosynthesis. In total, 124,117 transcripts were obtained from six endosperm developing stages (S0-S5). The significant changes in differential expression genes (DEGs) clarify three peony endosperm developmental phases: the endosperm cell mitotic phase (S0-S1), the TAG biosynthesis phase (S1-S4), and the mature phase (S5). The DEGs in plant hormone signal transduction, DNA replication, cell division, differentiation, transcription factors, and seed dormancy pathways regulate the endosperm development process. Another 199 functional DEGs participate in glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, citrate cycle, FA biosynthesis, TAG assembly, and other pathways. A key transcription factor (WRI1) and some important target genes (ACCase, FATA, LPCAT, FADs, and DGAT etc.) were found in the comprehensive genetic networks of oil biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guodong Wu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Wensi Tang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | | | - Xiangpan Bu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Longjun Chao
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Peonature Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101301, China.
| | - Xue Yin
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiannan Xiong
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Haiwu Zhang
- Forestry Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | | | - Jing Ding
- Jiangsu Guosetianxiang Oil Peony Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213000, China.
| | - Lvyi Ma
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Huafang Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa.
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18
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Trends in herbgenomics. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2018; 62:288-308. [PMID: 30128965 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
From Shen Nong's Herbal Classic (Shennong Bencao Jing) to the Compendium of Materia Medica (Bencao Gangmu) and the first scientific Nobel Prize for the mainland of China, each milestone in the historical process of the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) involves screening, testing and integrating. After thousands of years of inheritance and development, herbgenomics (bencaogenomics) has bridged the gap between TCM and international advanced omics studies, promoting the application of frontier technologies in TCM. It is a discipline that uncovers the genetic information and regulatory networks of herbs to clarify their molecular mechanism in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. The main theoretical system includes genomics, functional genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, metagenomics, synthetic biology, pharmacogenomics of TCM, and bioinformatics, among other fields. Herbgenomics is mainly applicable to the study of medicinal model plants, genomic-assisted breeding, herbal synthetic biology, protection and utilization of gene resources, TCM quality evaluation and control, and TCM drug development. Such studies will accelerate the application of cutting-edge technologies, revitalize herbal research, and strongly promote the development and modernization of TCM.
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Hwang JE, Kim YJ, Shin MH, Hyun HJ, Bohnert HJ, Park HC. A comprehensive analysis of the Korean fir (Abies koreana) genes expressed under heat stress using transcriptome analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10233. [PMID: 29980711 PMCID: PMC6035224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Korean fir (Abies koreana), a rare species endemic to South Korea, is sensitive to climate change. Here, we used next-generation massively parallel sequencing technology and de novo transcriptome assembly to gain a comprehensive overview of the Korean fir transcriptome under heat stress. Sequencing control and heat-treated samples of Korean fir, we obtained more than 194,872,650 clean reads from each sample. After de novo assembly and quantitative assessment, 42,056 unigenes were generated with an average length of 908 bp. In total, 6,401 differentially expressed genes were detected, of which 2,958 were up-regulated and 3,443 down-regulated, between the heat-treated and control samples. A gene ontology analysis of these unigenes revealed heat-stress-related terms, such as "response to stimulus". Further, in depth analysis revealed 204 transcription factors and 189 Hsps as differentially expressed. Finally, 12 regulated candidate genes associated with heat stress were examined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In this study, we present the first comprehensive characterisation of Korean fir subjected to heat stress using transcriptome analysis. It provides an important resource for future studies of Korean fir with the objective of identifying heat stress tolerant lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Hwang
- Division of Ecological Conservation, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Kim
- Division of Ecological Conservation, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Shin
- Division of Ecological Conservation, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Ja Hyun
- National Institute Forest Science Warm Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hans J Bohnert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hyeong Cheol Park
- Division of Ecological Conservation, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Republic of Korea.
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Guo S, Guo L, Zhao W, Xu J, Li Y, Zhang X, Shen X, Wu M, Hou X. Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Paeonia ostii. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020246. [PMID: 29373520 PMCID: PMC6017096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeonia ostii, a common oil-tree peony, is important ornamentally and medicinally. However, there are few studies on the chloroplast genome of Paeonia ostii. We sequenced and analyzed the complete chloroplast genome of P. ostii. The size of the P. ostii chloroplast genome is 152,153 bp, including a large single-copy region (85,373 bp), a small single-copy region (17,054 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats regions (24,863 bp). The P. ostii chloroplast genome encodes 111 genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, four ribosomal RNA genes, and 30 transfer RNA genes. The genome contains forward repeats (22), palindromic repeats (28), and tandem repeats (24). The presence of rich simple-sequence repeat loci in the genome provides opportunities for future population genetics work for breeding new varieties. A phylogenetic analysis showed that P. ostii is more closely related to Paeonia delavayi and Paeonialudlowii than to Paeoniaobovata and Paeoniaveitchii. The results of this study provide an assembly of the whole chloroplast genome of P. ostii, which may be useful for future breeding and further biological discoveries. It will provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of peony yield and the determination of phylogenetic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- College of Agricultural (College of Tree Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China; (S.G.); (L.G.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (J.X.); (X.Z); (X.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Lili Guo
- College of Agricultural (College of Tree Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China; (S.G.); (L.G.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Agricultural (College of Tree Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China; (S.G.); (L.G.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiang Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (J.X.); (X.Z); (X.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Yuying Li
- College of Agricultural (College of Tree Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China; (S.G.); (L.G.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (J.X.); (X.Z); (X.S.); (M.W.)
- College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (J.X.); (X.Z); (X.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Mingli Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; (J.X.); (X.Z); (X.S.); (M.W.)
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, Hubei China
| | - Xiaogai Hou
- College of Agricultural (College of Tree Peony), Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China; (S.G.); (L.G.); (W.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel: +86-0379-6998-0776
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Mosa KA, Saadoun I, Kumar K, Helmy M, Dhankher OP. Potential Biotechnological Strategies for the Cleanup of Heavy Metals and Metalloids. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:303. [PMID: 27014323 PMCID: PMC4791364 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Global mechanization, urbanization, and various natural processes have led to the increased release of toxic compounds into the biosphere. These hazardous toxic pollutants include a variety of organic and inorganic compounds, which pose a serious threat to the ecosystem. The contamination of soil and water are the major environmental concerns in the present scenario. This leads to a greater need for remediation of contaminated soils and water with suitable approaches and mechanisms. The conventional remediation of contaminated sites commonly involves the physical removal of contaminants, and their disposition. Physical remediation strategies are expensive, non-specific and often make the soil unsuitable for agriculture and other uses by disturbing the microenvironment. Owing to these concerns, there has been increased interest in eco-friendly and sustainable approaches such as bioremediation, phytoremediation and rhizoremediation for the cleanup of contaminated sites. This review lays particular emphasis on biotechnological approaches and strategies for heavy metal and metalloid containment removal from the environment, highlighting the advances and implications of bioremediation and phytoremediation as well as their utilization in cleaning-up toxic pollutants from contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem A. Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of SharjahSharjah, UAE
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar UniversityCairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Kareem A. Mosa,
| | - Ismail Saadoun
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of SharjahSharjah, UAE
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa CampusGoa, India
| | - Mohamed Helmy
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomedical Research, University of Toronto, TorontoON, Canada
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of MassachusettsAmherst, MA, USA
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